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149-160 Issn 1010-6960 r TUrk. entomo!. derg., 2003, 27 (2) : 149-160 ISSN 1010-6960 Dogu Akdeniz B61gesi Urophora Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera:Tephritidae) faunas! ve sistematigi uzerinc arastirmalar Murat KOTOK* Summary Research on fauna and systematic of Urophora Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera:Tephritidae) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey The present study was based on the tephritid species collected from the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey in the years of 2001-2002. During the study, 17 species of Urophora Robineau-Desvoidy were found. Among these species Urophora congrua Loew, 1862, U. neuenschuianderi Freidberg, 1989, U. phalolepidis Merz-White, 1991, U. syriaca (Hendel, 1927), U. terebrans (Loew, 1850) and U. variabilis Loew, 1869 are new records for tephritid fauna of Turkey. An identification key for the species was provided. The pictures of wing, host plants of species were given. Distributions of the species were given. Key words: Urophora, Tephritidae, Eastern Mediterranean, New records, Turkey Anahtar sozcilkler: Urophora, Tephritidae, Doqu Akdeniz, Yeni kayitlar, Turkiye Giri~ Urophora cinsi ilk kez Meigen (1800) tarafmdan Euribia olarak tanim­ lanmistir. Daha sonraki yillarda Robineau-Desvoidy (1830) tarafmdan Urophora olarak tarurnlanrrusnr (Korneyev & White). Bu cins icin 1963 ythnda Uluslararast Zooloji Isimlendirme Komisyonu tarafindan (678 no'lu gorU~) Urophora adirnn kullamlmasma karar verilmistir. Bu cins Myopitinae alt farnilyasi icinde yer alrnak­ tadir (Freidberg & Kugler, 1989). Palearktik bolqeden 59 turu tarumlanan Urophora cinsinin bazi turleri galerisinekleri olarak bilinir (White & Korneyev, 1989). Bu gilnekadar yerli ve * Cukurova Oniversitesi, Ziraat Fakultcsi, Bitki Koruma Bolumu, 01330 Balcah, Adana e-mail: h-kutuk@hotmai!.com Ahrus (Received): 04.04.2003 149 yabanci arastmcilar tarafmdan yapilan cahsrnalarda cahsma alanmda herhangi bir tur kaydma rastlanrnarrus olup, Turkiye'de 12 Urophora tOrO tespit edilmistir (Giray, 1979; Foote, 1984; Freidberg & Kugler, 1989). Urophora turleri koyu kahverengi ya da siyah kanat desenlerine sahiptir. Kanat desenieri Ost kanat kenanndan alt kanat kenanna uzanan 3-4 enine band icerir. Enine kanat bantlan subbasal (1. band: bm-cu daman uzerinde), discal (2. band: r-m daman uzerinde), preapical (3. band: dm-cu daman Ozerinde) ve apical (4. band: kanat ucunda) bantlar olarak adlandmhr. Bunun yanmda anten, palpus ve femur renkleri farkhhk gosterebilir. Urophora torleri genellikle konukcu bitkinin cicek tablasmda, meyve icinde ve govdelerinde beslenirler (Freidberg, 1984). Erginler genellikle larvalann beslendikleri konukcu bitkiler Ozerinde bulunurlar (Norrbom, 1999). Bu cahsmada arastirma bolqesinde toplanan Urophora faunasmm tespit edilmesi ve TOrkiye faunasma katki saglanmasl amaclanrmstir. Toplanan ornekler mOze materyali olarak Cukurova Universitesi'nde korunup bundan sonraki ara~­ tirmalarda karsilastirrna materyali olarak kullanma imkam saglanml~hr. Arastirrna bolqesinde tespit edilen turlerin teshisi yapilarak kanat desenlerindeki benzerlikler ve farklihklar bu cahsmada ortaya konulmustur. Materyal Metot Arastirma alam olarak Dogu Akdeniz Bolgesi sccilmistir. Doqu Akdeniz Bolqesi'ni Adana, Hatay, Kahramanmaras, Mersin ve Osmaniye ilieri olusturmak­ tadir. KlYI seridi boyunca buyuk ovalar iceren bu bolqenin kuzeyinde Toros Daglan uzanmaktadir. Arazi calismalannda ornek toplanan alanlar deniz seviyesinden baslayip 2200 metre yuksekliklerdeki yerleri kapsamaktadrr. Deniz seviyesinden itibaren Toroslora gidildik<;e bolgenin florasi ve bocek faunas: degi~mektedir. Arazi calismalan 2001-2002 yillannda Nisan-Agustos aylan arasmda yapil­ rmstir. Bir ay icerisinde yaklasik 15-20 gOn sOren arazi cahsmalannda Urophora ornekleri toplanrrusttr. Her arazi cikismda mumkun oldugu kadar farkh yerlere gidiImeye cahsilrmstrr. Urophora erginleri ince tulden yapilrms atrap ile toplanrmstir. Atrap konukcu bitkiler Ozerine rastgele sallanmis ya da Ozerinde gozle tespit edilen torler atrap ile almrmstrr. Urophora turleri konukcu bitki olarak yabanci otlan tercih ederler. Atrap icerisindeki ornekler etil asetath ya da potasyum siyanurlu oldurrne siselerine almarak oldOrOlmO~ ve laboratuvarda preparasyonu yaprlarak uygun mOze materyali haline getirilmi~tir. TOr teshislerinde kullarnlan disi genital organ ucundaki aculeus preparasyonu Merz (1994)'e gore yapilrrustir. Turlerin teshisleri yapihrken White & Korneyev (1989) ile Korneyev & White (1999)'den yararlamlrmstir. TOr teshislerin kontrolu Prof. Dr. Amnon FREIDBERG (TelAviv Oniversitesi, Biyoloji Bolumu, TelAviv, israil) tarafmdan yapilrrustir. Konukcu bitkilerin tor teshisi Prof. Dr. $emsettin CiVELEK (FIrat Oniversitesi, Fen. Edebiyat Fakultesi, Biyoloji BoIOmO, Elazlg, Turkiye) tarafmdan yapilrmstir. Turlerin isimlendirilmeleri Foote (1984)'ye gore yapilrmstrr. Turler alfabetik sira gozetilerek siralanrrustir. 150 r Toplanan turlerin teshisleri yapilarak b6lgesel teshis anahtan hazirlanrrustir. Turlerin incelenen materyalleri, konukcu bitkileri, Dunya'da ve Turkiye'de yayI11~­ Ian ile turler icin karakteristik olan orjinal kanat resimleri verilmistir. Kanat resimleri uzerindeki olculendirme c;ubugu 1 mm ile ifade edilmektedir. Kanat resimleri stereo mikroskop altmda cekilmistir. Teshis edilen tiirlerin Dunya'da yayihslan ve konukcu bitkileri hakkmda bilgi verilirken Hendel (1927), Foote (1984), White (1988), White & Korneyev (1989), Freidberg & Kugler (1989), Merz (1992, 1993, 1994 ve 1995)'den Turkiyc'deki yayihslan verilirken Giray (1969, 1979), Foote (1984) ve Klituk (1998)'ten yarar­ larulrrustir. Arastrrrna Sonuclari ve Tartrsma Dogu Akdeniz Bolgesi'nde Urophora cinsine ait 17 tur tespit edilrrnstir. Bu turler arasmdan 6 tur Tlirkiye faunas: icin yeni kayrt ozelligindedir. Dogu Akdeniz Bolgesi Urophora Ttlrlerinin Teshis Anahtan 1. Kanattaki birinci ve ikinci enine bantlar en azmdan san alan boyunca aynlml~ ya da birinci band eksik (Sekil 1.2) 6 - Kanattaki birinci ve ikinci enine bantlar costal kenarda geni§ bir sekllde baqlantih (Sekil 2.1) 2 2. Anten koyu kahverengi ya da siyah 3 - Anten san 5 3. Kanattaki ikinci ve ucunct; enine bantlar birbirine paralel ($ekil 1.8). ....................................................................................................neuenscwanderi Freidberg - Kanattaki ikinci ve ucuncu enine bantlar birbirine paralel degil (Sekil 1.9) 4 4. Kanattaki ikinci ve ucuncu enine bantlar arasmdaki hiyalin alan costal kenarda belirgin sekilde qemslemis (Sekil L 9) phaeocera (Hering) - Kanattaki ikinci ve Ue;UncU enine bantlar arasmdaki hiyalin alan costal kenarda belirgin sekilde daralrrus (Sekil 2.5) syriaca (Hendel) 5. Kanattaki ikinci ve ucuncu enine bantlar arasmdaki hiyalin alan dUzgUn; bantlar birbirine paralel (Sekil 2.1) quadrifasciata (Meigen) - Kanattaki ikinci ve ucuncu enine bantlar arasmdaki hiyalin alan costal ve ventral kenarda daralrms; bantlar birbirine paralel degil (Sekil 2.7) variabilis Loew 6. Kanat ue;enine banth (Sekil 1.1) 7 - Kanat dort enine banth (Sekil 1.2) 9 7. Kanat ucundaki son iki band costal kenarda aynlmis ($ekil1.1) affinis Fraunfeld - Kanat ucundaki son iki band costal kenarda baglanhh (Sekil 1.4) 8 8. Kanat ucundaki son iki bant arasmdaki hiyalin alan ucu r2+3 damanna ulasrms, m daman kanat ueu gerisinde sonlanmis ($ekil 2.2) solaris Korneyev - Kanat ucundaki son iki bant arasmdaki hiyalin alan ucu r2+3 damanna ulasrnarrus, m daman kanat ucunda sonlanmis (Sekil 2.4) stylata (Fabricus) 9. Oe;UncU ve dorduncu bantlar birbirlerinden tamamen aynlml~ ya da kanat arka kenannda cok ince olarak baglanml§ (Sekil 1.6) 10 - Ucuncu ve dorduncu bantlar kanat arka kenannda birbirlerine kahn olarak baglanml§ ($ekiI2.6) 12 10. Ucuncu ve dorduncu bantlar costa'da cok ince olarak baglanml§ (Sekil 1.6) jaceana (Hering) - Ucuncu ve dorduncu bantlar birbirinden tamamen aynlrrus (Seldl 2.3) 11 11. Ikinci ve ucuncu bantlar arasi hiyalin alan r-m daman uzunlugunun 3 kati: ucuncu ve dorduncu bantlann costal kenardaki hiyalin kisrm r-m enine damar uzunlugundan daha geni§; apikal bant r2+3 daman ucunda sonlanrrus (Sekil 1.lO) phalolepidis Merz-White - ikinci ve ucunci; bantlar arasi hiyalin alan r-rn daman uzunluqunun 2 kati: ucuncu ve dorduncu bantlann costal kenardaki hiyalin kisrm r-rn enine damar uzunlugundan daha dar; apikal bant r2+3 damar ucunu icine alnus (Sekil 2.3) solstitialis (Linneaus) 151 12. Ucuncu ve dorduncu bantlar arasi hiyalin uc r4+5 damannda sonlanmayip, R4+5 hUcresi ortalanna kadar girinti yapmis (Sekil 1.4) 14 - Ucuncu ve dorduncu bantlar arasi hiyalin uc r4+5 damannda sonlanmis (Sekil 2.6) 13 13. Ucuncu ve dorduncu bantlar costal kenarda genislemernis (Sekil 1.2); basal scutellar seta siyah alanda aprica (Fallen) - Oe;:uncu ve dordUncu bantlar costal kenarda geni~lemi~ ($ekil 2.6); basal scutellar seta san-siyah alan smmnda terebrans (Leow) 14. Ikinci ve ucuncu bantlar dUzgun; bu bantlar arasmdaki hiyalin alan costaldan ventrale dar ($ekill.3) congrua Loew - lkinci ve ue;:UncU bantlar duzgun degil; bu bantlar arasmdaki hiyalin alan costaldan ventrale daralmaz (Sekil Ld) 15 15. Kenarlar harte scutellum parlak ve san; mesonotum parlak ve gri tozlu cuspidata (Meigen) - Scutellum koyu kirrmzi; mesonotum siyah, hafif parlak ya da koyu kahverengi, mat.: 16 16. Mesonotumda prescutellar setanm onunde koyu crkmtilar meydana qelmis ve bazi sekiller olusmus, mesonotum siyah ve hafif parlak. macrura (Loew) - Mesonotum'da herhangi bir sekil olusmarrus, mesonotum koyu kahverengi ve mat ..................................................................................................................eriolepidis
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