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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-15408-7 — Ismailism and Islam in Modern South Asia Soumen Mukherjee Index More Information Index Aga Khan I, 19, 30, 32, 35, 39, 42, 45–47, Aligarh Muslim University (see also 49, 69, 118, 150 Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental Aga Khan III (Sultan Muhammad Shah), College), 97, 111n93, 130, 195 1–3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, All India Muslim League (see also Muslim 23n15, 25n26, 27n34, 29n50n54n59, League), 120, 126, 130, 134 36–37, 39, 61, 65, 69, 71, 73n19, 79, Anglo-Muhammadan judiciary, 19, 41 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 99, 101, 103, Anjuman, 8, 126–27, 129–30, 142n48n53, 105n21, 107n39, 109n60n71, 111n91, 143n57, 154, 167n15 113n112n113n116n117, 114, 116, 118, 122, 128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 144n67n72, Anjuman i Islam, 130, 142n49n53, 154 146, 150, 152, 154, 160, 166n1, 173, 175, anticolonial internationalism, 15 177, 179, 183, 195 anti-Westernism, 15, 28n43 Aga Khan IV, 5, 21, 29, 136, 156, 162, 164, Asian/Asiatic solidarity, 14, 93–94 172, 175 Asiatic Society of Bengal, 55, 67 Aga Khan Case, 19, 32–33, 38–39, 45–47, Azad, Maulana Abul Kalam, 15, 24n21, 59, 61, 138, 179, 195 28n45, 171n56 Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN), 21, 152, 156, 158, 162, 164, Bohras, 2, 71n1, 129, 142n48, 176 166, 168, 170, 172, 195, 197 Bombay High Court, 30, 45–46n1n4, Aga Khan Education Services (AKES), 50n29 152, 154 Bombay Khojas, 30–37, 41, 45, 49n22, Aga Khan Foundation (AKF), v, 152, 170 60–61, 126, 128, 179 Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC), British Empire, 89–90, 124, 140n35 152, 164, 172, 183, 185 British India, 25n23, 30, 35, 42, 47n10, Ahmadiyya Movement, 98 51n37, 61, 73n24, 107, 110n77n80, 129, Ali, Syed Ameer, 15, 95, 99, 101, 111n84, 141n40, 145n80 132 British colonial administration, 38, 50n28 Ali, Zaki, 99 Aligarh movement, 61, 134 Capitalism, 17, 84 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-15408-7 — Ismailism and Islam in Modern South Asia Soumen Mukherjee Index More Information 200 Index citizenship, 5, 9, 13, 23n10, 46n2, 85, 89, Gokhale, G. K., 83, 105n22 91, 109n63, 170n43, 175, 187, 193 Green, Nile, vii, 22n3, 26n30, 27n34, community development, 11, 13, 79, 83, 37, 49n24, 65, 69, 75n51–76n63n67, 91, 175 90, 108n57, 128, 142n52n55, 167n12, community identity, 33, 59–60, 149, 158 171n48n53 cosmopolitan citizenship, 12–13, 28n38, Gülen movement, 168n26, 197 92, 109n63, 147, 157, 167n9, 170 Gülen, Fethullah, 178, 180n9n11n12 cosmopolitanism, 7, 13, 23n16, 27n35, 35, 89, 91, 109, 158, 160, 179, 185, 189, 195 Hadith, 61, 73n25, 111n96, 119 cultural pluralism, 103, 175 Haji Bibi Case, 39, 45 cultural/spiritual internationalism, 20, 78, Hazir Imam, 77, 114, 156, 175 82, 89, 94, 101, 103, 121, 123, 147 Hindu, 25n26, 31, 34, 40–41, 47n6n8, cultural universalism, 134 88–89, 93, 108n51, 113n114, 115–16, 120–21, 137n3, 139n22, 140n31n32, Daftary, Farhad, 29n59, 71n2, 141n39n45, 144n69, 145n79n82 75n50n55n56, 76n63n64, 139n20, Hindu law, 40 172n47, 176, 180n4 Hindu nationalism, 121, 140n31n32, dai al mutlaq, 2, 177 145n82 Dama, Mohamed, 30, 46n1, 84, 128 Howard, E. I., 32, 35, 46, Darling, Sir Malcolm L., 83, 107n30n31, 48n11n14n18n19, 49n22, 51n43, 53, 181 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 69, 71n1, 73n22, 75n43n45 Dasavatar, 65, 117–18 Husayni, Shihab ud-din Shah, 65, 69–70 Daudi Bohra, 126, 142n48, 176–77 denationalized/denationalizing, 5, 23n10 ideological state apparatus (ISA), 26n29 ijtihad, 99, 111n96, 160 farman, 9, 148, 151, 155, 159, 162 Imamate, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 19, 21, Fatimid/Fatimid Caliphate, 32, 48n14, 53, 23n10n15, 36, 43, 46, 53, 65, 69, 71, 95, 71n1, 99, 118, 164, 177 118, 124, 128, 132, 136, 148, 150, 152, Federalism, 78, 81–83, 85–86, 103, 121, 154, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166, 168n27, 124 175, 177, 179, 195 Fidai (see also Khurasani, Zayn ul Imami/Imami Ismaili (Sevener), 31, 33, Abidin), 69, 76n63 39, 44–45, 65, 75n50, 136, 148, 177, 181 Indian National Congress, 15, 81, 84, Gandhi, M. K., 81, 83, 134, 144 108n56, 126, 131, 142n50 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-15408-7 — Ismailism and Islam in Modern South Asia Soumen Mukherjee Index More Information Index 201 Institute of Ismaili Studies, v, 53, 170n40, Judaism, 63 185 internationalism, 14–15, 20, 27n34, 71, Kaviraj, Sudipta, 2–3, 22n5 78, 82, 89, 94, 100–01, 103, 108n44, 121, 123, 136, 147, 153, 166, 171n53n55, 177 Kemalism, 178 Iqbal, Sir Muhammad, 15, 97, 99, 105n22, Khan, Sir Sayyid Ahmad, 61, 97, 99, 130 111n85–94, 197 Khilafat/ Khilafat movement, 61, 124, Islamic normativity, 114, 148 132, 144n69 Islamic solidarity, 15, 160 Khoja, 3, 11, 13, 19, 30–45, 46n1, 47n4n8, 48n11n14n19, Ismaili international, 11, 19, 21, 79, 136, 49n22n24n25, 50n27n31n32n 146, 148, 158, 162, 166, 175 51n35n36n39n41n42n45n46, Ismaili Studies, v, 53, 57, 65, 67, 71, 52n47n49n51, 55, 57, 59, 61, 65, 71, 116, 170n40, 185 118, 122, 126, 128, 130, 142n53, 150, Ismaili universalism, 7, 9, 157 166n3n4, 179, 181, 183, 185 Ismaili, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 19, 21, Khoja Ismaili, 2, 16, 19, 30, 35, 39, 42–43, 23n10n14, 25n25–26, 27n34, 29n59–60, 56, 59, 65, 71, 92, 116, 118, 122, 125–27, 32–33, 35–37, 39, 42–43, 46, 46n1n3, 155, 176 47n6, 51n42, 53–55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, Khoja Succession Act/Khoja Succession 67, 69, 71, 73n19, 75n44n50, 79, 89, 91, Bill, 42, 51n35n39n42n46, 139n22 97, 103, 105n21, 109n71, 116, 118, 122, Khurasani, Zayn ul Abidin (see also 124, 126, 136, 142n54, 146, 148, 150, 152, Fidai), 69 154, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166, 166n4– 5, 168n25, 170n37, 172n162, 173, 175, Koselleck, Reinhart, 3, 22n6 177, 179, 181, 183, 189, 191, 195, 197 Ismailism, i, 1, 3, 7, 10, 16, 22n3n4, 26n32, League of Nations, 93, 101, 181, 193 58, 63–64, 67, 69, 100, 109n71, 114, 117– liberal Islam, 6–7, 73n19, 116, 119, 138n11, 18, 123, 146, 149, 158, 161, 168n25 139n24n25 Ithna Ashari (Twelver), 31, 39, 45, 150 Ivanow, Wladimir, 69, 75n52 Madani, Husayn Ahmad, 99, 120 Millat, 96, 124, 140n36 jamaat, 13, 30, 32, 41–45, 50n32, 51n42, Monotheism, 63, 110n82, 173 59, 118, 128, 170n36, 172n62, 191 Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College Christophe, Jafrelot, 121–22, 140n31n32 (see also Aligarh Muslim University), Jihad, 23n11, 80, 112n106, 160–61, 171 97, 111n93, 130, 195 Jinnah, M. A., 111n91, 120–21, 134, Muhammadan Educational Conference, 144n69n76, 145n79n81 112n99, 127, 130 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-15408-7 — Ismailism and Islam in Modern South Asia Soumen Mukherjee Index More Information 202 Index Muir, William, 56, 60–62, 73n24n25, pluralism, 6, 23n13, 41, 71, 74n34, 90, 92, 74n26n28n29 98, 103–04, 119, 175 Muslim League, (see also All India political activism, 81, 121–23, 126, 150 Muslim League), 80–82, 120, 125–26, political Islam, 24n22, 178 130, 133–35, 141n40, 143n63, 145n80n82 polytheism, 173 Muslim separatism, 122, 140n26n28, postnational, 4–5, 10, 13, 20–21, 22n7, 146n61 23n9n10, 28n38, 77–79, 82, 87, 89–92, 103, 104n5, 115, 123, 136, 147–48, 153, nation-state, 10, 13–16, 87, 89–91, 121, 157–59, 163, 175, 179 139n20, 152–53, 162, 169n36, 171n53, postnationality, 90, 148 175 Nehru, Jawaharlal, 17, 22n7, 29n52, 84, purdah, 125, 127, 142n50 111n93 neo-Ismaili, 22n3, 69 reformism, 37, 44, 58, 89, 98–99, 126–28 Nizari Ismailis, 2, 67, 75n50, 139n20 religious categories, 31–32, 35, 45 Nurcu movement, 178, 180n11 religious conversion, 9 Nursi, Said, 178 religious identity, 31, 47n10, 171n52 religious normativity, 21, 62, 92, 146, 148–49, 179 Orientalist scholars/scholarship, 29n60, Rida, Muhammad Rashid, 15, 28n45 31, 46, 53, 55–57, 59, 61–64, 67, Roy, M.N., 79, 81, 105n9, 11n93, 185 Ottoman Turkey, 15, 82 Royal Asiatic Society, i, 25n25, 55, 137n2, 142n55 pan-Asian, 25n 28, 79, 87, 93, 101, 109n68 pan-Asianism, 25n28, 87 secularism, 49n25, 103, 122, 124, 140n33, 141n38n39, 145n79, 153 Panchayat, 8, 83, 105n23 Sevener, 39, 45, 116 pan-Islamic (also see pan-Islamism), 79, 81, 87, 124 Sharia, 38, 50n28, 119, 168n27 Shia, i, 1–4, 6, 8, 15, 20, 22n2n4, 26n32, pan-Islamism, 5, 15, 21, 61, 71, 73n19, 30–34, 39, 41, 43–46n1n3, 48n11n18, 77, 79, 81, 87, 89, 93, 97, 101, 103, 49n22, 51n42, 54, 56, 59–63, 65, 109n68n69, 111n87, 124, 132, 136, 160, 68–69, 71n1, 73n22, 74n27n30n32n33, 175 75n43n45, 76n65, 82, 95, 101, 111n96, Peerbhoy, Sir Adamjee, 126, 128, 130 114–15, 131–32, 135, 137n3, 143n64, pir, 47n7, 159–60 145n85, 150, 161, 167n18–68n25, 173–74 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-15408-7 — Ismailism and Islam in Modern South Asia Soumen Mukherjee Index More Information Index 203 Shia Ismaili, i, 1, 3–4, 8, 22n4, 32, 51n42, Turkish nationalism, 178 63, 131, 173 Tyabji, Sir Badruddin, 126, 130, 142n48– Shia Muslims, 1–2, 15, 22n2, 30, 131 50n53 strategic syncretism, 121–22, 140n31n32 Qaum, 116, 129, 143n61, South Asiatic Federation, 91, 93, 144n72 Quran, 61, 73n25, 75n41, 95–96, 99–100, Suism, 28n48, 63, 96–97 161 Sunni, 6, 30–32, 34, 39, 41–42, 44–46n1, Ulama, 95, 99, 111n85, 159 49n22, 50n32, 51n35, 52n49, 59–60, 62, Umma, 124, 132, 137n1, 138n10, 159, 161 64, 73n19–74n32, 82, 101, 114–15, 125, 131–32, 137n3, 139n22, 142n53, 159, World War I, 17, 61, 77–78, 82–83, 102, 161, 168n25, 104n2, 124–25, 131–32, 137n4, 171n56 syncretism, 31, 121–22, 131, 140n31n32, World War II, 67, 83–84, 107n30, 146, 152, 156 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org.
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    Calendar www.fatemidawat.com fatemimadrasa.com zahrahasanaat.org qjsp.org ٨٦ ٧ Calendar Moharram ul Sufar ul Rabi ul Rabi ul Jumad al Jumad al Rajab ul Shaban ul Ramadan ul Shawwal ul Zildaqat il Zilhajjat il Harram Muzaffar Awwal Aakhur Ula Ukhra Asabb Kareem Moazzam Mukarram Haraam Haraam ١ Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Washeq Raat Sat Sun Tue Eid-ul-Fitr Wed Fri ١ ٢ Wed Ashara Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat ٢ ٣ Thu Ashara Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun ٣ ٤ Fri Ashara Sun Mon Wed Milad Thu Sat Sun Urus Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon ٤ ٥ Sat Ashara Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue ٥ ٦ Sun Ashara Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed ٦ ٧ Mon Ashara Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu ٧ ٨ Tue Ashara Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri ٨ Yawm-e- ٩ Wed Ashara Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Arafah ٩ ١٠ Thu Ashura Sat Sun Urus Tue Wed Shahadat Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Eid-ul-Adha ١٠ ١١ Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon ١١ ١٢ Sat Mon Tue Milad Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Urus Tue ١٢ ١٣ Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Tue Milad - Rozu Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed ١٣ ١٤ Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Rozu Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu ١٤ ١٥ Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Rozu Sat Washeq Raat Sun Tue Wed Urus Fri ١٥ ١٦ Wed Urus Fri Sat Urus Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat ١٦ ١٧ Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Tue Washeq Raat Thu Fri Sun ١٧ ١٨ Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Eid- Ghadeer ١٨ Washeq/ ١٩ Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Urus Wed Thu Shahadat Sat Sun Tue ١٩ ٢٠ Sun Tue Chehlum
  • 01 Fifty Years in the East Prelims 1..16

    01 Fifty Years in the East Prelims 1..16

    Bibliography The following abbreviations are used in the footnotes to the text and the bibliography: EI The Encyclopaedia of Islam, first edition EI2 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, new (second) edition EIR Encyclopaedia Iranica EIS Encyclopaedia Islamica ZVORAO Zapiski vostochnogo otdeleniia Imperatorskogo Russkogo arkheologicheskogo obshchestva, St Petersburg (Petrograd) Abaev, Vasilii I. (ed.). Iranskii Sbornik: k semidesiatiletiu professora I. I. Zarubina [Iranian Collection: On the 70th Birthday of Professor I. I. Zarubin]. Moscow, 1963. Abdulhussein, Mustafa. ‘Bohras’,inThe Oxford Encyclopaedia of the Islamic World, ed. John L. Esposito. Oxford, 2009, vol. 1, pp. 354–356. Abu Ishaq Quhistani. Haft bāb, ed. and tr. W. Ivanow. Bombay, 1959. Abu-Izzeddin, Nejla M. The Druzes: A New Study of their History, Faith and Society. Leiden, 1984. Actes du XXIe Congrès International des Orientalistes, Paris, 23–31 juillet 1948. Paris, 1949. Aga Khan I, Hasan Ali Shah. Ibrat-afza. Bombay, 1862. Aga Khan III, Sultan Muhammad (Mahomed) Shah. The Memoirs of Aga Khan: World Enough and Time. London, 1954. —— Aga Khan III: Selected Speeches and Writings of Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah, ed. K. K. Aziz. London, 1997–1998. Akimushkin, Oleg F. ‘K istorii formirovaniia fonda musul’manskikh rukopisei Instituta Vostokovedeniia AN SSSR’ [On the History of the Formation of the Collection of Islamic Manuscripts of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR], Pis’mennye pamiatniki Vostoka. Istoriki filologicheskie issledovania 1978–1979. Moscow, 1987. —— et al. Persidskie i tadzhikskie rukopisi Instituta narodov Azii AN SSSR: Kratkil alfavitnyi katalog [Persian and Tajik Manuscripts in the Institute 215 Bourchier – Fifty Years in the East Data Standards Ltd, Frome, Somerset – 27/10/2014 10 Fifty Years In the East Bibliography.3d Page 215 of 234 216 Fifty Years in the East of the Peoples of Asia, the USSR Academy of Sciences], ed.
  • ١٤٤٠ Calendar Fatemimadrasa.Com Taqreeb.Org

    ١٤٤٠ Calendar Fatemimadrasa.Com Taqreeb.Org

    ٧٨٦ ١٤٤٠ Calendar www.fatemidawat.com fatemimadrasa.com taqreeb.org qjsp.org Calendar ١٤٤٠ Moharram Safar ul Rabi ul Rabi ul Jumad al Jumad al Rajab ul Shaban ul Ramadan ul Shawwal ul Zilqadat il Zilhajjat il ul Haraam Muzaffar Awwal Aakhar Ula Ukhra Asabb Kareem Mo’azzam Mukarram Haraam Haraam ١ Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Washeq Raat Sat Sun Tue Eid-ul-Fitr Wed Fri ١ Wed Ashara Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat ٢ ٢ Thu Ashara Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun ٣ ٣ Fri Ashara Sun Mon Wed Milad Thu Sat Sun Urus Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon ٤ ٤ Sat Ashara Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue ٥ ٥ Sun Ashara Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed ٦ ٦ Mon Ashara Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu ٧ ٧ Tue Ashara Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri ٨ -Yawm-e ٨ Wed Ashara Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat ٩ Arafah ٩ Thu Ashura Sat Sun Urus Tue Wed Shahadat Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Eid-ul-Adha ١٠ ١٠ Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon ١١ ١١ Sat Mon Tue Milad Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Urus Tue ١٢ ١٢ Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Tue Milad - Rozu Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed ١٣ ١٣ Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Rozu Fri Sat Mon Tue Thu ١٤ ١٤ Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Rozu Sat Shabbaraat Sun Tue Wed Urus Fri ١٥ ١٥ Wed Urus Fri Sat Urus Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat ١٦ ١٦ Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Tue Layali Fazila Thu Fri Sun ١٧ -Eid- ul ١٧ Fri Sun Mon Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue Wed Fri Sat Mon Ghadeer ١٨ Layali Fazila ١٨ Sat Mon Tue Thu Fri Sun Mon Urus Wed Thu Sat Sun Tue ١٩ Shahadat/ ١٩
  • Shahadat and the Evidence of the Sindhi Marthiya

    Shahadat and the Evidence of the Sindhi Marthiya

    285 PART III Relations between Shiʿism and Sufism in other Literary Sufi Traditions 285 286 7 Sufism and Shiʿism in South Asia: Shahādat and the Evidence of the Sindhi marṡiya Michel Boivin In one of the first Sindhi-English dictionaries published in 1879, the word marṡiyo615is translated as follows: ‘An elegy or dirge, particularly one sung during the Muhorrum’.616 In Arabic, the marṡiya is an elegy composed to lament the passing of a beloved person and to celebrate his merits. When did the word enter the Sindhi language? Unfortunately, it is not possible to answer but the spread of the marṡiya in Sindhi literature didn’t start before the 18th century. This paper addresses a double issue. On the one hand, it wishes to introduce the marṡiyas from the countryside. What does that mean? In South Asia, the marṡiya is associated with the court culture of the main states that have flourished in the ruins of the Mughal empire. The leading school of marṡiyas growth in Lucknow, the then capital of the state of Awadh in North India. As a matter of fact, the marṡiyas composed by poets such as Mīr Babar ʿAlī Ānīs (1216–1290/1802–1874) were considered as the ultimate reference for the writing of these elegies in the whole Indian subcontinent. Another centre for the production of marṡiya literature was the State of Hyderabad, in Dekkan. The marṡiyas schools of Hyderabad and Awadh both used Urdu, which was then 615 Although the right word in Sindhi is the masculine marṡiyo, I shall use the Persian and Urdu form marṡiya (Arabic, marthiyya) which is increasingly predominant even in Sindhi literature.