DOCSLIB.ORG

The Pennsylvania State University

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Pennsylvania State University The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of Education WORKING HYPOTHESIS IN SECOND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN NATURAL SETTINGS OF WORLD OF WARCRAFT TWENTY ONE YEAR OLD ADULT’S SECOND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GAME PLAY OF WORLD OF WARCRAFT A Dissertation in Curriculum and Instruction by YunJoon Lee 2014 YunJoon Lee Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2014 The dissertation of YunJoon Lee was reviewed and approved* by the following: Jamie M. Myers Professor of Education (Language & Literacy Education) Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee Scott P. McDonald Associate Professor of Education (Science Education) Matthew E. Poehner Associate Professor of World Languages Education and Applied Linguistics Michael Schmierbach Associate Professor of Communication (Media Studies) Rose Mary Zbiek Professor of Education Director of Graduate Studies *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT This research is concerned with the power of natural learning for L2 development. In this study, the World of Warcraft community has been used as an environment for natural learning. There was one subject, who was a 21-year-old male adult and had a high interest in playing World of Warcraft but had minimum motivation for learning English as a second language. For over one and a half years, he participated in World of Warcraft. His verbal interaction was taped and transcribed. His speech was analyzed from the time he began playing the game to the end of the study. The findings showed that there were five stages in his language development. In the first stage, the subject used deleted routines, which were incomplete in both grammar and meaning. In the second stage, he could use routines that were grammatical and meaningful. But this did not mean he had developed grammatical knowledge. Instead he used routines as single units. In the third stage, he began to notice subcomponents of routines, so-called “chunks.” In the fourth stage, the subject realized how to combine chunks with other chunks or chunks and routines, and consequently he constructed new sentences. This stage reflected that he “noticed” chunks among routines, but he did not show enhancement of his grammatical knowledge because his sentences did not require grammatical complexity. Before he moved to the fifth stage, he often committed grammatical errors. This resulted in the occurrence of negative feedback from other players, which brought him to raise his grammatical consciousness. In the final stage, or fifth stage, the subject could construct compound and complex sentences. Also, he could build interrogative sentences with interrogative pronouns and make passive-voice sentences, which means he was able to iv create grammatically complex sentences. With these findings, we have interpreted how the subject enhanced both grammatical and language developments. That is, we could argue that his developments were ascribed to a natural learning environment (see, Krashen, 1982), namely the game World of Warcraft. His primary concern over the game itself (see, Skehan, 1998) made him notice (see, Robinson, 2003) his preferable language forms, which are routines and chunks (see, Lewis, 2000). Also, because he had no teacher and no language materials in World of Warcraft, we could say that his developments of language and grammar came from his socialization (see, Mitchell & Myles, 2004) in the World of Warcraft community. Grammar emerged in the fourth and fifth stages. This result suggests when and how L2 teachers can most effectively teach grammar. For this, L2 teachers should keep in mind that in the fourth stage, the subject received many instances of negative feedback from other players and that the negative feedback raised his grammatical consciousness. Despite all of the positive findings, we have to concede that the subject’s language developments were only appropriate for small talk. His sentences were basically simple and short, though he showed some compound and complex sentences in the last stage. Also, his grammatical knowledge was limited, though he knew how to make subordinate clauses, interrogative sentences, passive-voice sentences, etc. Natural learning, as in World of Warcraft, can become too nondirectional (see, H. D. Brown, 2007a). If a learner loses all interest in playing the game, we are afraid of their automatic loss of language learning. However, this research has important implications for L2 classrooms. That is, an L2 student can learn his or her target language if he or she is given a proper environment. Without the teacher’s help, the L2 student can v grow in the direction that enhances his or her ability to speak up to a certain level, but the student needs the teacher’s help to get beyond that level. Another implication is that “routines” are a basic element in language development. We hope that the “routine” concept gives L2 teachers a sense of what to teach and how to teach it in their classrooms. In this respect, we would like to say that this research is of great significance in the English-education market. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................. ix LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................... x ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... xiv CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1 1.1. Necessity of Research ............................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives................................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Research Method ........................................................................................................ 6 1.4 Limitations ................................................................................................................. 7 1.5 Significance of the Study ........................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................. 9 2.1 Krashen’s Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis (ALH) ................................................. 12 2.2 Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) ................................................................... 19 2.3 Socio-Cultural Theory (SCT) ..................................................................................... 28 2.3.1 Mediation ........................................................................................................ 29 2.3.2 Regulation ....................................................................................................... 32 2.3.3 The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), Private Speech, and Internalization ................................................................................................... 34 2.3.4 Activity Theory ............................................................................................... 38 2.4 Language Socialization (LS) ...................................................................................... 40 2.4.1 Background ..................................................................................................... 40 2.4.2 Language Socialization ................................................................................... 41 2.4.3 Second-Language Socialization ...................................................................... 43 2.4.4 Theoretical Framework of Language Socialization ........................................ 44 2.5 The Lexical Approach ................................................................................................ 52 2.5.1 Background ..................................................................................................... 52 2.5.2 Theoretical Perspective ................................................................................... 54 2.6 Noticing ...................................................................................................................... 62 2.6.1 Background ..................................................................................................... 62 2.6.2 What is Noticing? ............................................................................................ 63 2.6.3 Researchers Favoring the Role of Noticing .................................................... 67 2.7 Previous Research ...................................................................................................... 77 2.7.1 Massively Multiplayer Online Games and Second Language Learning in Research ........................................................................................................... 77 CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH DESIGN IN ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH ........................... 83 3.1 Research Area ............................................................................................................ 83 3.2 Context ....................................................................................................................... 84 3.3 Material ...................................................................................................................... 85 vii 3.3.1 Introduction of Material .................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sample File CREDITS
    Sample file CREDITS 13th Age Monthly 13th Age Monthly 13th Age Monthly Creative Editor Concept Publishers and Developer Rob Heinsoo and Simon Rogers Simon Rogers and Cathriona Tobin Rob Heinsoo Layout Cover Art Editing Chris Huth Melissa Gay Cal Moore Writing Copyediting Cartography Wade Rockett Cal Moore Ralf Schemmann Special Thanks ASH LAW, Cal Moore, Ruth Tillman, and the audience at the Gen Con 2015 13th Age Adventure Design Seminar, where the seeds of this adventure were brainstormed. 13th age is a fantasy roleplaying game by Rob Heinsoo, Jonathan Tweet, Lee Moyer, & Aaron McConnell ©2016 Pelgrane Press Ltd. All rights reserved. Published by Open Content: Except for material designated as Product Identity (see above), Pelgrane Press Ltd. under license from Fire Opal Media, Inc. the game mechanics of this Fire Opal Media game product are Open Game Content, Product Identity: The following items are hereby identified as Product Identity, as defined in the Open Gaming License version 1.0a Section 1(d). No portion of this as defined in the Open Game License version 1.0a, Section 1(e), and are not Open work other than the material designated as Open Game Content may be reproduced Content: All trademarks, registered trademarks, proper names (characters, icons, place in any form without written permission. 13th Age Monthly is published by Pelgrane names, new deities, etc.), dialogue, banter and comments from Wade and Rob, plots, Press Ltd. under the Open Game License version 1.0a Copyright 2000 Wizards of the story elements, locations, characters, artwork, and trade dress. (Elements that have Coast, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Manly Martyrs and Pitiful Women: Negotiating Race, Gender, and Power in Salem Witchcraft
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Manly Martyrs and Pitiful Women: Negotiating Race, Gender, and Power in Salem Witchcraft Tourism Since 1880 A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History by Sarah Elizabeth Junod September 2020 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Molly McGarry, Chairperson Dr. Catherine Gudis Dr. Alexander Haskell The Dissertation of Sarah Elizabeth Junod is approved: ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Manly Martyrs and Pitiful Women: Negotiating Race, Gender, and Power in Salem Witchcraft Tourism Since 1880 by Sarah Elizabeth Junod Doctor of Philosophy, Graduate Program in History University of California, Riverside, September 2020 Dr. Molly McGarry, Chairperson This dissertation considers the ways in which tourism associated with the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 have represented the intersections of gender, race, and class since the nineteenth century. Representations of classed masculinity, femininity, whiteness, Blackness, and indigeneity engage the perceived threats to, and the threats of, white patriarchy in the face of shifting racial and gender roles. This analysis utilizes travel guides, souvenirs, travel diaries, popular histories, television shows, newspapers, brochures, travel reviews, and marketing materials from the nineteenth century through the present to
    [Show full text]
  • Central Skagit Rural Partial County Library District Regular Board Meeting Agenda April 15, 2021 7:00 P.M
    DocuSign Envelope ID: 533650C8-034C-420C-9465-10DDB23A06F3 Central Skagit Rural Partial County Library District Regular Board Meeting Agenda April 15, 2021 7:00 p.m. Via Zoom Meeting Platform 1. Call to Order 2. Public Comment 3. Approval of Agenda 4. Consent Agenda Items Approval of March 18, 2021 Regular Meeting Minutes Approval of March 2021 Payroll in the amount of $38,975.80 Approval of March 2021 Vouchers in the amount of $76,398.04 Treasury Reports for March 2021 Balance Sheet for March 2021 (if available) Deletion List – 5116 Items 5. Conflict of Interest 5. Communications 6. Director’s Report 7. Unfinished Business A. Library Opening Update B. Art Policy (N or D) 8. New Business A. Meeting Room Policy (N) B. Election of Officers 9. Other Business 10. Adjournment There may be an Executive Session at any time during the meeting or following the regular meeting. DocuSign Envelope ID: 533650C8-034C-420C-9465-10DDB23A06F3 Legend: E = Explore Topic N = Narrow Options D = Decision Information = Informational items and updates on projects Parking Lot = Items tabled for a later discussion Current Parking Lot Items: 1. Grand Opening Trustee Lead 2. New Library Public Use Room Naming Jeanne Williams is inviting you to a scheduled Zoom meeting. Topic: Board Meeting Time: Mar 18, 2021 07:00 PM Pacific Time (US and Canada) Every month on the Third Thu, until Jan 20, 2022, 11 occurrence(s) Mar 18, 2021 07:00 PM Apr 15, 2021 07:00 PM May 20, 2021 07:00 PM Jun 17, 2021 07:00 PM Jul 15, 2021 07:00 PM Aug 19, 2021 07:00 PM Sep 16, 2021 07:00 PM Oct 21, 2021 07:00 PM Nov 18, 2021 07:00 PM Dec 16, 2021 07:00 PM Jan 20, 2022 07:00 PM Please download and import the following iCalendar (.ics) files to your calendar system.
    [Show full text]
  • College of Wooster Miscellaneous Materials: a Finding Tool
    College of Wooster Miscellaneous Materials: A Finding Tool Denise Monbarren August 2021 Box 1 #GIVING TUESDAY Correspondence [about] #GIVINGWOODAY X-Refs. Correspondence [about] Flyers, Pamphlets See also Oversized location #J20 Flyers, Pamphlets #METOO X-Refs. #ONEWOO X-Refs #SCHOLARSTRIKE Correspondence [about] #WAYNECOUNTYFAIRFORALL Clippings [about] #WOOGIVING DAY X-Refs. #WOOSTERHOMEFORALL Correspondence [about] #WOOTALKS X-Refs. Flyers, Pamphlets See Oversized location A. H. GOULD COLLECTION OF NAVAJO WEAVINGS X-Refs. A. L. I. C. E. (ALERT LOCKDOWN INFORM COUNTER EVACUATE) X-Refs. Correspondence [about] ABATE, GREG X-Refs. Flyers, Pamphlets See Oversized location ABBEY, PAUL X-Refs. ABDO, JIM X-Refs. ABDUL-JABBAR, KAREEM X-Refs. Clippings [about] Correspondence [about] Flyers, Pamphlets See Oversized location Press Releases ABHIRAMI See KUMAR, DIVYA ABLE/ESOL X-Refs. ABLOVATSKI, ELIZA X-Refs. ABM INDUSTRIES X-Refs. ABOLITIONISTS X-Refs. ABORTION X-Refs. ABRAHAM LINCOLN MEMORIAL SCHOLARSHIP See also: TRUSTEES—Kendall, Paul X-Refs. Photographs (Proof sheets) [of] ABRAHAM, NEAL B. X-Refs. ABRAHAM, SPENCER X-Refs. Clippings [about] Correspondence [about] Flyers, Pamphlets ABRAHAMSON, EDWIN W. X-Refs. ABSMATERIALS X-Refs. Clippings [about] Press Releases Web Pages ABU AWWAD, SHADI X-Refs. Clippings [about] Correspondence [about] ABU-JAMAL, MUMIA X-Refs. Flyers, Pamphlets ABUSROUR, ABDELKATTAH Flyers, Pamphlets ACADEMIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE X-Refs. ACADEMIC FREEDOM AND TENURE X-Refs. Statements ACADEMIC PROGRAMMING PLANNING COMMITTEE X-Refs. Correspondence [about] ACADEMIC STANDARDS COMMITTEE X-Refs. ACADEMIC STANDING X-Refs. ACADEMY OF AMERICAN POETRY PRIZE X-Refs. ACADEMY SINGERS X-Refs. ACCESS MEMORY Flyers, Pamphlets ACEY, TAALAM X-Refs. Flyers, Pamphlets ACKLEY, MARTY Flyers, Pamphlets ACLU Flyers, Pamphlets Web Pages ACRES, HENRY Clippings [about] ACT NOW TO STOP WAR AND END RACISM X-Refs.
    [Show full text]
  • Dungeons & Dragons®
    01_292907 ffirs.qxp 6/9/08 2:49 PM Page iii Dungeons & Dragons® 4th Edition FOR DUMmIES‰ by Bill Slavicsek and Richard Baker Foreword by Mike Mearls Lead Game Developer for the DUNGEONS & DRAGONS game 01_292907 ffirs.qxp 6/9/08 2:49 PM Page iv Dungeons & Dragons® 4th Edition For Dummies® Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2008 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permis- sion of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www. wiley.com/go/permissions. Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanya Huff Jason V Brock the PDX Broadsides Alan M Clark
    OryconThe Quest for the Ultimate 37 Artifact Author GOH Artist GOH Tanya Huff Alan M Clark Editor GOH Cosplay GOH Jason V Brock Ryan Wells Music GOH The PDX Broadsides 1 OryconThe Quest for the Ultimate 37 Artifact Oregon’s Premier Science Fiction and Fantasy Convention November 20-22, 2015 • Portland Waterfront Marriott Portland, Oregon, USA Author Guest of Honor Tanya Huff Artist Guest of Honor Alan M. Clark Editor Guest of Honor Jason V. Brock Cosplay Guest of Honor Ryan Wells Musical Guest of Honor The PDX Broadsides OryCon Po rtland, OR 2 1 Welcome To … party room. Children ages 6-12 are admitted at half ballrooms); on easels provided for signage; Comply with all hotel rules and Oregon the adult price and may operate indepen- on panel room doors when printed on the state law. If you do something that gains the dently as long as they cause no problems. official template; the walls of the eleva- attention of the hotel (noise complaints, Those not capable of operating responsibly tor landings on the 14th and 15th floors. smoking, etc.) then the person or persons re- on their own must be kept under adult su- Flyers may also be posted on the OryCon- sponsible for the room and party are respon- pervision or taken to the official Child Care provided easels or signposts (check at the sible for any fines or legal problems that may Area. Info Desk for locations). arise. All children 12 or under must be under di- Flyers need to be printed per the hotel pro- OryconThe Quest for the Ultimate 37 Artifact Weapons rect adult supervision after 8 PM.
    [Show full text]
  • A Great Upheaval Credits
    A Great Upheaval Credits Lead Designer: Christopher Perkins Story Design: Jenna Helland, Adam Lee, Christopher Perkins, Richard Whitters Additional Design: Mike Mearls Managing Editor: Jeremy Crawford Editors: Kim Mohan, Michele Carter Editorial Assistance: Matt Sernett, Chris Dupuis, Ben Petrisor, Sean K Reynolds, Stan! Story Consultant: R.A. Salvatore D&D Lead Designers: Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford Art Director: Kate Irwin Additional Art Direction: Shauna Narciso, Richard Whitters Graphic Designer: Emi Tanji Cover Illustrator: Tyler Jacobson Interior Illustrators: John-Paul Balmet, Beet, Mark Behm, Eric Belisle, Jedd Chevrier, Olga Drebas, Michael Dutton, Wayne England, Lars Grant-West, Lake Hurwitz, Tyler Jacobson, Julian Kok, Olly Lawson, Christopher Moeller, Scott Murphy, Chris Rahn, Ned Rogers, Chris Seaman, Richard Whitters Cartographers: Jared Blando, Will Doyle, Jason A. Engle, Lee Moyer, Christopher Perkins, Mike Schley Project Manager: Heather Fleming Product Engineer: Cynda Callaway Imaging Technicians: Sven Bolen, Carmen Cheung, Kevin Yee Art Administration: David Gershman Prepress Specialist: -HŚHUVRQ'XQODS Other D&D Team Members: Greg Bilsland, John Feil, Trevor Kidd, Christopher Lindsay, Shelly Mazzanoble, Hilary Ross, Liz Schuh, Nathan Stewart, Greg Tito, Shawn Wood DUNGEONS & DRAGONS, D&D, Wizards of the Coast, Forgotten Realms, the dragon ampersand, Player’s Handbook, Monster Manual, Dungeon Master’s Guide, all other Wizards of the Coast product names, and their respective logos are trademarks of Wizards of the Coast in the USA and other countries. All characters and their distinctive likenesses are property of Wizards of the Coast. This material is protected under the copyright laws of the United States of America. Any reproduction or unauthorized use of the material or artwork contained herein is prohibited without the express written permission of Wizards of the Coast.
    [Show full text]
  • Martial Power™
    Draw Your Sword The heroes of bow and blade, martial warriors stand tall against the threats of evil. Clad in sturdy armor and holding a ™ trusty weapon, your martial hero must rely on wit and grit to Martial P ower achieve victory. Options for Fighters, Rangers, Rogues, and Warlords This DUNGEONS & DRAGONS® supplement presents hundreds of new powers, feats, paragon paths, and epic destinies designed for the fi ghter, ranger, rogue, and warlord classes. It also includes brand-new builds and class features for these four classes, allowing you to play new versions of your favorite martial classes—from the battlerager fi ghter or cutthroat rogue to the bravura warlord or beastmaster ranger. M ARTIAL P P OWER For use with these 4th Edition DUNGEONS & DRAGONS® core products: Player’s Handbook® Dungeon Master’s Guide® Monster Manual® ™ D&D® Miniatures D&D™ Dungeon Tiles TM ISBN: 978-0-7869-4981-6 ROLEPLAYING GAME SUPPLEMENT EAN Rob Heinsoo • David Noonan • Robert J. Schwalb • Chris Sims Sug. Retail: U.S. $29.95 CAN $34.00 Printed in the U.S.A. 217897200 610_21789720_001_HB.indd 1 8/8/08 10:38:42 AM Martial Power™ ROLEPLAYING GAME SUPPLEMENT Rob Heinsoo • David Noonan • Chris Sims • Robert J. Schwalb Martial Power_Ch0.indd 1 9/4/08 2:04:33 PM CREDITS Design Cover Illustration Rob Heinsoo (lead), William O’Connor David Noonan, Chris Sims, Robert J. Schwalb Graphic Designer Additional Design Emi Tanji Andy Collins, Nicolas Logue, Rodney Thompson Interior Illustrations Development Steve Belledin, Leonardo Borazio, Steve Ellis, Stephen Radney-MacFarland (lead), Wayne England, Jason A.
    [Show full text]
  • 13 True Ways™
    working ™ 13 TRUE WAYS™ a fantasy roleplaying book by Rob Heinsoo & Jonathan Tweet, with Robin D. Laws art by Lee Moyer & Aaron McConnell edited by Cal Moore 13th age is a fantasy roleplaying game by Rob Heinsoo, Jonathan Tweet, Lee Moyer, & Aaron McConnell ©2014 Fire Opal Media and Pelgrane Press Ltd. All rights reserved Open Content: Except for material designated as Product Identity (see above), the Published by Pelgrane Press Ltd. under license from Fire Opal Media game mechanics of this Fire Opal Media game product are Open Game Content, as Product Identity: The following items are hereby identified as Product Identity, defined in the Open Gaming License version 1.0a Section 1(d). No portion of this work as defined in the Open Game License version 1.0a, Section 1(e), and are not Open other than the material designated as Open Game Content may be reproduced in any Content: All trademarks, registered trademarks, proper names (characters, icons, place form without written permission. 13 True Ways is published by Pelgrane Press under names, new deities, etc.), dialogue, banter and comments from Jonathan and Rob, plots, the Open Game License version 1.0a Copyright 2000 Wizards of the Coast, Inc. 13th Age story elements, locations, characters, artwork, and trade dress. (Elements that have and 13 True Ways are trademarks of Fire Opal Media, Inc. ©2014 Fire Opal Media, Inc. previously been designated as Open Game Content are not included in this declaration.) All rights reserved. www.fireopalmedia.com and www.pelgranepress.com First printing. Printed by Thomson-Shore. 1 13 true ways 2 working CREDITS Designers Rob Heinsoo, Jonathan Tweet, Robin D.
    [Show full text]
  • Sample File Game Rules Based on the Original DUNGEONS & DRAGONS® Rules Created by E
    CREDITS Design Graphic Designer Bruce R. Cordell, Ed Greenwood, Philip Athans, Emi Tanji Richard Baker, Rob Heinsoo, Brian R. James, Chris Sims Additional Graphic Design Development Leon Cortez, Keven Smith Stephen Schubert, Peter Schaefer, Stephen Radney-MacFarland Interior Illustrations Drew Baker, Eric Deschamps, Steve Ellis, Additional Assistance Randy Gallegos, Adam Gillespie, Ron Lemen, Lee Moyer, Gwendolyn F.M. Kestrel, Susan J. Morris William O’Connor, Mark Tedin, Francis Tsai, Matthew D. Wilson, Sam Wood, Ben Wootten, Editing Kieran Yanner, James Zhang Jennifer Clarke Wilkes, Greg Bilsland, M. Alexander Jurkat, Jean Nelson Cartographers Robert Lazzaretti, Mike Schley Managing Editing Kim Mohan Publishing Production Specialist Angelika Lokotz Director of R&D, Roleplaying Games/Book Publishing Bill Slavicsek Prepress Manager Jefferson Dunlap D&D Story Design and Development Manager Christopher Perkins Imaging Technician Bob Jordan D&D System Design and Development Manager Andy Collins Production Manager Cynda Callaway Art Director Kate Irwin Setting details based on the original FORGOTTEN REALMS® campaign setting created by Ed Greenwood with Jeff Grubb Cover Illustration and the updated (3rd Edition) setting designed by Michael Komarck Ed Greenwood, Richard Baker, Sean K Reynolds, Skip Williams, and Rob Heinsoo. Special Thanks to Brandon Daggerhart, keeper of ShadowfellSample file Game rules based on the original DUNGEONS & DRAGONS® rules created by E. Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson, and the later editions by David “Zeb” Cook (2nd Edition); Jonathan Tweet, Monte Cook, Skip Williams, Richard Baker, and Peter Adkison (3rd Edition); and Rob Heinsoo, Andy Collins, and James Wyatt (4th Edition). 620-21828720-001 EN U.S., CANADA, ASIA, PACIFIC, EUROPEAN HEADQUARTERS WIZARDS OF THE COAST, BELGIUM 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 & LATIN AMERICA Hasbro UK Ltd ’t Hofveld 6D First Printing: August 2008 Wizards of the Coast, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • THE LIGHTNING STATION Battle Scenes for 4 to 6 5Th-6Th Level Characters
    Sample file ™ ARCHMAGE: THE LIGHTNING STATION Battle scenes for 4 to 6 5th-6th level characters a 13th age adventure Sampleby Cal Moore file 13th age is a fantasy roleplaying game by Rob Heinsoo, Jonathan Tweet, Lee Moyer, & Aaron McConnell ©2017 Pelgrane Press Ltd. All rights reserved. Published by not included in this declaration.) Open Content: Except for material designated as Pelgrane Press Ltd. under license from Fire Opal Media, Inc. Product Identity (see above), the game mechanics of this Pelgrane Press Ltd. game Product Identity: The following items are hereby identified as Product Identity, product are Open Game Content, as defined in the Open Gaming License version as defined in the Open Game License version 1.0a, Section 1(e), and are not Open 1.0a Section 1(d). No portion of this work other than the material designated as Content: All trademarks, registered trademarks, proper names (characters, icons, Open Game Content may be reproduced in any form without written permission. place names, new deities, etc.), dialogue, banter and comments from Cal Moore Archmage: The Lightning Station is published by Pelgrane Press under the Open and Rob Heinsoo, plots, story elements, locations, characters, artwork, and trade Game License version 1.0a Copyright 2000 Wizards of the Coast, Inc. 13th Age is a dress. (Elements that have previously been designated as Open Game Content are trademark of Fire Opal Media, Inc. ©2017 Pelgrane Press Ltd. All rights reserved. www.fireopalmedia.com and www.pelgranepress.com CREDITS Publisher Cartographers
    [Show full text]
  • Souvenir Book Is Copyright 2014 by Arisia, Inc., a 501(C)(3) Non-Profit Corporation
    Arisia 2014 Westin Waterfront Hotel, Boston, Massachusetts writer goh artist goh fan goh January 17 – 20, 2014 Tanya Huff Lubov James Nicoll Westin Waterfront Hotel Arisia Boston, Massachusetts 2014 January 17 – 20 writer guest of honor Message from the President 2 by conor walsh Tanya Huff Message from the Con Chair 2 by lisa hertel artist guest of honor In Memoriam 3 Lubov Convention Committee 4 – 6 'Twas the Night Before Arisia 7 fan guest of honor by donna m. dube James Nicoll Code of Conduct & Policies 8 – 9 Tanya Huff Biography 10 An Appreciation of Tanya Huff 11 by sheila gilbert “The Harder They Fall” 12 – 21 by tanya huff Tanya Huff Bibliography 22 – 23 Lubov Biography 24 An Appreciation of Lubov 24 by colette h. fozard Lubov Portfolio 25 – 31 James Nicoll Biography 34 An Appreciation of James Nicoll 34 by stephanie m. clarkson Cover: Composition, by Lubov Exhibiting Artists 35 Inside Front Cover: Masquerade 1, by Lubov Inside Back Cover: Masquerade 2, by Lubov Program Participants 35 – 51 Message From The President by conor walsh In Memoriam welcome to our 25th arisia! A wise Arisia staffer once said, dragged me to this amazing weekend, it’s have some friends I’ve convinced to help “Arisia is an engine run by one-upman- become more and more obvious to me me, do y’all think this fits into the con?” ship,” and I’ve found this to be true in that each of us wants to make our corner We’re pretty enthusiastic about of the convention the best it can pos- the best way possible.
    [Show full text]