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December, 1977 SOUTH GEORGIA ■' >,.*.:«• ■ A NEWS BULLETIN published quarterly by the NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY (INC) _ THIS IS THE HEAD OF GLYPTONOTUS ANTARCTICUS, OTHERWISE THE GIANT ANTARCTIC SLATER. ITS HEAVILY-PIGMENTED EYES ARE ONE OF THE FEATURES WHICH MAKES IT AN EXCELLENT EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL FOR VISION RESEARCH CONDUCTED THIS SEASON AT SCOTT BASE BY DR V. B. MEYER- ROCHOW, A UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO BIOLOGIST. Registered at Post Office Headquarters. Vol.8 No. 4 Wellington, New Zealand, as a magazine. December, 1977 SOUTH GEORGIA "... SO UTH SANDWICH Is" SOUTH ORKNEY U X \ rf&S"'"" /o Orcadas arg. \ ,---' « aSigny I.uk. uu,ao| f QSyowa^jAPAN \M.E SOUTH * 4 EDDELL f Borga\ SA.I SA I / %r^M?^59« V" SHEUANO-kfo / Halley Bayf DRONNING MAUD LAND ENDERBY \fV\ SEA UK. J COATS Id' / LAND fy^ \ / " ^ ./General[General Belgrano argBelgrano^/ >"Uawson \ ANTARCTIC-vV /PENINSULA'« 1 ^\ MAC ROBERTSON LAND\ \ aust. '— map below) Sobral arg. D a v i s a u s t . ' ■■ South Pole 7-Siple. • j _ _ USA > Amundsen-Scott , queen MARY LAND ELLSWORTH V v U S A / i ') LAND °Vostok USSR. / Rn<X°-X WILKES LAND Russkaya. USSR/ .vanda n z. ROSS|NZ>$» SEA \^Y. 'VICTORIA TERRE ,i LAND \ ADELIE ,? GEORGEV Ld ,--Dumont d'Urville france Leningradskaya .V' U.S.S.R.,-"' \ ■a-n-. 'J 'BALLENY Is ANTARCTIC PENINSULA 1 Teniente Matiehzo arg. 2 Esperanza arg. 3 Almirante Brown arg. 4 Petrel arg. 5 Deception arg. 6 Vicecomodoro Marambio arg. / ANTARCTICA 7 Arturo Prat chile 8 Bernardo O'Higgins chile 9 Presidente Frei chile ' 500 1000 Kilometres 10 Stonington I. uk. y- 11 Adelaide'!, uk. 12 Argentine Is uk. ; abbreviations 13 Palmer us a. ARG ARGENTINA 14 Bellingshausen ussr ?! * AUST. AUSTRALIA NZ. NEW ZEALAND S.A SOUTH AFRICA UK UNITED KINGDOM USA UNITED STATES OF AMERICA USSR UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST 0 100km UI* mmwmmmWlm \W) (Successor to "Antarctic News Bulletin") Vo ' - 8 > N o . 4 8 8 t h I S S U E D E C E M B E R , 1 9 7 7 Editor: J. M. CAFFIN, 35 Chepstow Avenue, Christchurch 5. Address all contributions, enquiries, etc., to the Editor. CONTENTS ARTICLES ANTARCTIC TOURISTS 132-134 POLAR ACTIVITIES NEW ZEALAND 106-113 UNITED STATES 114-119 AUSTRALIA 121,123 FRANCE 122-123 SOVIET UNION UNITED KINGDOM 124-126 SOUTH AFRICA 130-131 JAPAN ARGENTINE SUB-ANTARCTIC MARION ISLAND'S CATS 128-129 GENERAL ANTARCTIC TREATY .... SMITH ISLAND "AURORA AUSTRALIS" THE READER WRITES .... December, 1977 NEW ZEALAND FIELD RESEARCH PARTIES By the middle of this month the first part of the New Zealand Antarctic research programme for 1977-78 was in full swing. The programme began officially on October 8 when the first party arrived to relieve the winter team of 10 men at Scott Base. In the next two months New Zealand field parties or summer support staff were flown by United States Navy Hercules aircraft and helicopters to the dry valleys of Victoria Land, the glaciers of the Royal Society Range, Cape Bird, on Ross Island, and even as far south as the South Pole. This summer New Zealand scientists greater payload than its American ski- will work at Vostok, the Soviet station on equipped counterpart. the Polar Plateau, known as the coldest place on earth, which is 1250km from FIRST ARRIVALS Scott Base. For the third successive season there are New Zealanders at the New Zealand's summer programme Amundsen-Scott Pole Station. Two of began as soon as the first of the support the four will remain to run the meteor staff reached Scott Base on October 8. ological programme next winter. New Mr R.S. Straight, who will be in charge Zealand geologists are working with the at Scott Base this season, Mr N. C. United States research programme in McPherson, executive officer, Ant Marie Byrd Land from a field camp arctic Division, Mr J. R. Lythgoe, wr- the Hobbs Coast, and other New will lead the winter team, and the IjTJaEiliMl hauled down his leader's flag, and Mr Ice Tongue project in McMurdo Sound. Straight took over for the summer Early this month the Royal New season. Zealand Air Force completed nine Four scientists also arrived at Scott flights, two more than last season, using Base on October 8 to continue their two Hercules wheeled aircraft, to psychological and psychological studies provide logistic support for the New of the winter teams. They were Prof Zealand and United States program essor A. J. W. Taylor, professor of mes. This is the 13th season that the clinical psychology, Victoria University R.N.Z.A.F. has carried passengers of Wellington, who has been a "first and cargo between New Zealand and footer" at Scott Base for nine previous Antarctica. summers, and Professor R. A. M. Greg- First of the cargo flights was made on son, Dr A. Barabasz, and J. Barton November 12 to transport a heavy bull (technician), psychology department, dozer to McMurdo Station. This mach University of Canterbury. The latter ine, weighing about 10 tonnes, replaced made psychometric tests of the winter another flown to the Marie Byrd Land party — their first "before-and-after" field camp. The R.N.Z.A.F. Hercules study of men who winter at Scott Base — was called upon because it can carry a using electronic equipment to compare ■ December, 1977 ANTARCTIC Patricia Harris, first woman dog-handler at Scott Base, with Clara (left) and Muff, two of the huskies she drove 76km to Cape Royds and back this month. Antarctic Division photo results with Professor Taylor's inter of Scott Base, in a United States Navy view and observation methods. helicopter. He found the station in excellent condition after eight months of By the third week of October the solitude, but the seven huts on the shores summer support staff had settled in, and of Lake Vanda were not left completely Wmmmmmm mtmRm gramme was to check huts and equip blasted by high winds in the Wright ment at Vanda Station, staging base for the parties working in the dry valleys, Valley. where the normal scientific projects will Mr. McPherson flew to Vanda Station be resumed. by way of Lake Bonney in theTaylor Val HIGH WINDS ley. There the Americans examined the hut built in 1961 to house scientists and Checking was done by Mr. McPher field laboratory equipment for summer son, who flew to the station, 130km west work in the Taylor Valley. The hut will m^M ANTARCTIC December, 1977 be removed this season because the rise remain indoors until the storms gradual in dry valley lake levels — for reasons ly abated on October 27. yet unknown — has brought the waters of Lake Bonney almost to the doorstep of RECORD SNOWFALL the hut. New Zealand's southernmost post Before tne storms reached their worst office opened for business in the third a party went to McMurdo Station to week of October when the postmaster, deliver outward mail. It encountered Randolph Waller, who will be the young rapidly growing snowdrifts and a stiff est member of next winter's team, headwind on the return journey. The trip was of no avail because several t'l»l^i{0|(^;|m[»aiI?gCO*MWiWit tional ceremony in bright sunshine and a temperature of minus 16deg Celsius. postponed. Conditions at McMurdo Station were SURVIVAL TRAINING even worse. There winds rising to more than 95 miles an hour were accompanied Post Office staff work inside, handling by a wind chill factor of minus 60deg the large volume of mail and telephone Fahrenheit. Visibility dropped to slight calls from New Zealanders and Ameri ly more than half a metre, and most cans. Outside the base in the same week ground operations were also cancelled. the New Zealand snowcraft and survival When the storm blew itself out the training team, Peter Farrell, John station was left with the heaviest snow Horsley, and Bryan Carter, began their fall since 1960. Ten inches of snow fell in programme on the ice cliffs 3km from fho h'lCIl \llith A morir..|n hnl!>innln>n{|n|n three days, breaking the record 9.6 from McMurdo Station. By January they expect to train 200 men and women, including all members of the New Zea One of the main field events of the land programme. season — the detailed mapping by the Geological Survey of the region between On October.24'the first field party of the Koettlitz and Blue Glaciers — was the season flew by helicopter to open the delayed by the storms. The field party, University of Canterbury field sttion at Dr D. N. B. Skinner (leader), R. Find- unit is continuing its annual studies of ^as unable t0 leave Scott Base for the _„• __ . '„i.„„ j — r~ area east oi me noyai society Mange f^ LJLn?:„f,kuf J(?ensu,S' ,an? ,™anne until October 29. It was to have started mtmmWmmtmm Max Wenden, Antarctic Division field iVMiT-\A'-m 111»', j i ■ ■ t ■ i) t October 22, but were delayed by cloudy Foster Glacier. weather. Because of the weather the party had This cloudy weather was the fore to sledge between the Foster and Ren- runner of a series of storms which egar Glaciers instead of using motor lashed the McMurdo Sound area for toboggans. These arrived on later flights nearly a week, leaving Scott Base blan when the weather finally cleared, and keted with snow. Southerly winds of the party began the first of its expected more than 70 miles an hour, blowing 80 days in the field travelling towards snow, and visibility reduced to only Heald Island.
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