Velocity Increases at Cook Glacier, East Antarctica Linked to Ice Shelf Loss and a Subglacial Flood Event
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Ice Dynamics and Stability Analysis of the Ice Shelf-Glacial System on the East Antarctic Peninsula Over the Past Half Century: Multi-Sensor
Ice dynamics and stability analysis of the ice shelf-glacial system on the east Antarctic Peninsula over the past half century: multi-sensor observations and numerical modeling A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Geography & Geographic Information Science of the College of Arts and Sciences by Shujie Wang B.S., GIS, Sun Yat-sen University, China, 2010 M.A., GIS, Sun Yat-sen University, China, 2012 Committee Chair: Hongxing Liu, Ph.D. March 2018 ABSTRACT The flow dynamics and mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet are intricately linked with the global climate change and sea level rise. The dynamics of the ice shelf – glacial systems are particularly important for dominating the mass balance state of the Antarctic Ice Sheet. The flow velocity fields of outlet glaciers and ice streams dictate the ice discharge rate from the interior ice sheet into the ocean system. One of the vital controls that affect the flow dynamics of the outlet glaciers is the stability of the peripheral ice shelves. It is essential to quantitatively analyze the interconnections between ice shelves and outlet glaciers and the destabilization process of ice shelves in the context of climate warming. This research aims to examine the evolving dynamics and the instability development of the Larsen Ice Shelf – glacial system in the east Antarctic Peninsula, which is a dramatically changing area under the influence of rapid regional warming in recent decades. Previous studies regarding the flow dynamics of the Larsen Ice Shelf – glacial system are limited to some specific sites over a few time periods. -
Species Status Assessment Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes Fosteri)
SPECIES STATUS ASSESSMENT EMPEROR PENGUIN (APTENODYTES FOSTERI) Emperor penguin chicks being socialized by male parents at Auster Rookery, 2008. Photo Credit: Gary Miller, Australian Antarctic Program. Version 1.0 December 2020 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Program Branch of Delisting and Foreign Species Falls Church, Virginia Acknowledgements: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Penguins are flightless birds that are highly adapted for the marine environment. The emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species. Emperors are near the top of the Southern Ocean’s food chain and primarily consume Antarctic silverfish, Antarctic krill, and squid. They are excellent swimmers and can dive to great depths. The average life span of emperor penguin in the wild is 15 to 20 years. Emperor penguins currently breed at 61 colonies located around Antarctica, with the largest colonies in the Ross Sea and Weddell Sea. The total population size is estimated at approximately 270,000–280,000 breeding pairs or 625,000–650,000 total birds. Emperor penguin depends upon stable fast ice throughout their 8–9 month breeding season to complete the rearing of its single chick. They are the only warm-blooded Antarctic species that breeds during the austral winter and therefore uniquely adapted to its environment. Breeding colonies mainly occur on fast ice, close to the coast or closely offshore, and amongst closely packed grounded icebergs that prevent ice breaking out during the breeding season and provide shelter from the wind. Sea ice extent in the Southern Ocean has undergone considerable inter-annual variability over the last 40 years, although with much greater inter-annual variability in the five sectors than for the Southern Ocean as a whole. -
Rapid Accelerations of Antarctic Peninsula Outlet Glaciers Driven by Surface Melt
This is a repository copy of Rapid accelerations of Antarctic Peninsula outlet glaciers driven by surface melt. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/150042/ Version: Published Version Article: Tuckett, P.A., Ely, J.C. orcid.org/0000-0003-4007-1500, Sole, A.J. et al. (4 more authors) (2019) Rapid accelerations of Antarctic Peninsula outlet glaciers driven by surface melt. Nature Communications, 10. ISSN 2041-1723 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12039-2 Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence. This licence allows you to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as you credit the authors for the original work. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12039-2 OPEN Rapid accelerations of Antarctic Peninsula outlet glaciers driven by surface melt Peter A. Tuckett1, Jeremy C. Ely 1*, Andrew J. Sole 1, Stephen J. Livingstone 1, Benjamin J. Davison2, J. Melchior van Wessem3 & Joshua Howard1 Atmospheric warming is increasing surface melting across the Antarctic Peninsula, with unknown impacts upon glacier dynamics at the ice-bed interface. Using high-resolution 1234567890():,; satellite-derived ice velocity data, optical satellite imagery and regional climate modelling, we show that drainage of surface meltwater to the bed of outlet glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula occurs and triggers rapid ice flow accelerations (up to 100% greater than the annual mean). -
Accelerated Ice Discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula Following the Collapse of Larsen B Ice Shelf
UC Irvine UC Irvine Previously Published Works Title Accelerated ice discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula following the collapse of Larsen B ice shelf Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xg5m0rc Journal Geophysical Research Letters, 31(18) ISSN 0094-8276 Authors Rignot, E Casassa, G Gogineni, P et al. Publication Date 2004-09-28 DOI 10.1029/2004GL020697 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 31, L18401, doi:10.1029/2004GL020697, 2004 Accelerated ice discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula following the collapse of Larsen B ice shelf E. Rignot,1,2 G. Casassa,2 P. Gogineni,3 W. Krabill,4 A. Rivera,2 and R. Thomas4,2 Received 7 June 2004; revised 9 July 2004; accepted 12 August 2004; published 22 September 2004. [1] Interferometric synthetic-aperture radar data collected in 1995. De Angelis and Skvarca [2003] found evidence by ERS-1/2 and Radarsat-1 satellites show that Antarctic of glacier surge on several glaciers north of Drygalski. Peninsula glaciers sped up significantly following the These studies suggest that ice shelf removal could indeed collapse of Larsen B ice shelf in 2002. Hektoria, Green contribute to eustatic sea level rise. and Evans glaciers accelerated eightfold between 2000 and [3] Here, we discuss flow changes following the collapse 2003 and decelerated moderately in 2003. Jorum and Crane of Larsen B ice shelf in early 2002, in full view of several glaciers accelerated twofold in early 2003 and threefold by synthetic-aperture radar satellites. -
Studies of Seismic Sources in Antarctica Using an Extensive Deployment of Broadband Seismographs Amanda Colleen Lough Washington University in St
Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) Summer 9-1-2014 Studies of Seismic Sources in Antarctica Using an Extensive Deployment of Broadband Seismographs Amanda Colleen Lough Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd Recommended Citation Lough, Amanda Colleen, "Studies of Seismic Sources in Antarctica Using an Extensive Deployment of Broadband Seismographs" (2014). All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs). 1319. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1319 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Dissertation Examination Committee: Douglas Wiens, Chair Jill Pasteris Philip Skemer Viatcheslav Solomatov Linda Warren Michael Wysession Studies of Seismic Sources in Antarctica Using an Extensive Deployment of Broadband Seismographs by Amanda Colleen Lough A dissertation presented to the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2014 St. Louis, Missouri © 2014, Amanda Colleen Lough Table of Contents List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. -
Dynamic Response of Sjögren Inlet Glaciers, Antarctic Peninsula, to Ice Shelf Breakup Derived from Multi-Mission Remote Sensing Time Series
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 14 June 2016 doi: 10.3389/feart.2016.00066 Dynamic Response of Sjögren Inlet Glaciers, Antarctic Peninsula, to Ice Shelf Breakup Derived from Multi-Mission Remote Sensing Time Series Thorsten C. Seehaus 1*, Sebastián Marinsek 2, 3, Pedro Skvarca 4, Jan M. van Wessem 5, Carleen H. Reijmer 5, José L. Seco 2 and Matthias H. Braun 1 1 Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany, 2 Department of Glaciology, Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 3 Facultad Regional Buenos Aires, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 4 Museo del Hielo Patagónico, Glaciarium, El Calafate, Argentina, 5 Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands Edited by: The substantial retreat or disintegration of numerous ice shelves has been observed on Alun Hubbard, the Antarctic Peninsula. The ice shelf in the Prince Gustav Channel has retreated gradually University of Tromso & Aberystwyth University, Norway since the late 1980s and broke up in 1995. Tributary glaciers reacted with speed-up, Reviewed by: surface lowering and increased ice discharge, consequently contributing to sea level Etienne Berthier, rise. We present a detailed long-term study (1993–2014) of the dynamic response of Centre National de la Recherche Sjögren Inlet glaciers to the disintegration of the Prince Gustav Ice Shelf. We analyzed Scientifique-Laboratory of studies on Spatial Geophysics and various remote sensing datasets to identify the reactions of the glaciers to the loss of Oceanography, France the buttressing ice shelf. A strong increase in ice surface velocities was observed, with Tom Holt, ± −1 ± −1 Aberystwyth University, UK maximum flow speeds reaching 2.82 0.48 m d in 2007 and 1.50 0.32 m d *Correspondence: in 2004 at Sjögren and Boydell glaciers respectively. -
1 Compiled by Mike Wing New Zealand Antarctic Society (Inc
ANTARCTIC 1 Compiled by Mike Wing US bulldozer, 1: 202, 340, 12: 54, New Zealand Antarctic Society (Inc) ACECRC, see Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperation Research Centre Volume 1-26: June 2009 Acevedo, Capitan. A.O. 4: 36, Ackerman, Piers, 21: 16, Vessel names are shown viz: “Aconcagua” Ackroyd, Lieut. F: 1: 307, All book reviews are shown under ‘Book Reviews’ Ackroyd-Kelly, J. W., 10: 279, All Universities are shown under ‘Universities’ “Aconcagua”, 1: 261 Aircraft types appear under Aircraft. Acta Palaeontolegica Polonica, 25: 64, Obituaries & Tributes are shown under 'Obituaries', ACZP, see Antarctic Convergence Zone Project see also individual names. Adam, Dieter, 13: 6, 287, Adam, Dr James, 1: 227, 241, 280, Vol 20 page numbers 27-36 are shared by both Adams, Chris, 11: 198, 274, 12: 331, 396, double issues 1&2 and 3&4. Those in double issue Adams, Dieter, 12: 294, 3&4 are marked accordingly. Adams, Ian, 1: 71, 99, 167, 229, 263, 330, 2: 23, Adams, J.B., 26: 22, Adams, Lt. R.D., 2: 127, 159, 208, Adams, Sir Jameson Obituary, 3: 76, A Adams Cape, 1: 248, Adams Glacier, 2: 425, Adams Island, 4: 201, 302, “101 In Sung”, f/v, 21: 36, Adamson, R.G. 3: 474-45, 4: 6, 62, 116, 166, 224, ‘A’ Hut restorations, 12: 175, 220, 25: 16, 277, Aaron, Edwin, 11: 55, Adare, Cape - see Hallett Station Abbiss, Jane, 20: 8, Addison, Vicki, 24: 33, Aboa Station, (Finland) 12: 227, 13: 114, Adelaide Island (Base T), see Bases F.I.D.S. Abbott, Dr N.D. -
Glacial Erosion of East Antarctica in the Pliocene a Comparative Study
Chemical Geology 466 (2017) 199–218 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Chemical Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/chemgeo Glacial erosion of East Antarctica in the Pliocene: A comparative study of MARK multiple marine sediment provenance tracers ⁎ Carys P. Cooka,b, Sidney R. Hemmingc,d, Tina van de Flierdtb, , Elizabeth L. Pierce Davisc, Trevor Williamsd,1, Alberto Lopez Galindoe, Francisco J. Jiménez-Espejoe,2, Carlota Escutiae a Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK b Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK c Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA d Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY 10964, USA e Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, CSIC-UGR, 18100 Armilla, Spain ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The history of the East Antarctic ice sheet provides important understanding of its potential future behaviour in a East Antarctic ice sheet warming world. The provenance of glaciomarine sediments can provide insights into this history, if the un- Provenance derlying continent eroded by the ice sheet is made of distinct geological terranes that can be distinguished by the Marine sediment mineralogy, petrology and/or geochemistry of the eroded sediment. We here present a multi-proxy provenance Pliocene warmth investigation on Pliocene sediments from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Site U1361, located offshore Radiogenic isotopes of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin, East Antarctica. We compare Nd and Sr isotopic compositions of < 63 μm detrital Thermochronology fractions, clay mineralogy of < 2 μm fractions, 40Ar/39Ar ages of > 150 μm ice-rafted hornblende grains, and petrography of > 2 mm ice-rafted clasts and > 150 μm mineral grains. -
Accelerated Ice Discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula Following the Collapse of Larsen B Ice Shelf E
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 31, L18401, doi:10.1029/2004GL020697, 2004 Accelerated ice discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula following the collapse of Larsen B ice shelf E. Rignot,1,2 G. Casassa,2 P. Gogineni,3 W. Krabill,4 A. Rivera,2 and R. Thomas4,2 Received 7 June 2004; revised 9 July 2004; accepted 12 August 2004; published 22 September 2004. [1] Interferometric synthetic-aperture radar data collected in 1995. De Angelis and Skvarca [2003] found evidence by ERS-1/2 and Radarsat-1 satellites show that Antarctic of glacier surge on several glaciers north of Drygalski. Peninsula glaciers sped up significantly following the These studies suggest that ice shelf removal could indeed collapse of Larsen B ice shelf in 2002. Hektoria, Green contribute to eustatic sea level rise. and Evans glaciers accelerated eightfold between 2000 and [3] Here, we discuss flow changes following the collapse 2003 and decelerated moderately in 2003. Jorum and Crane of Larsen B ice shelf in early 2002, in full view of several glaciers accelerated twofold in early 2003 and threefold by synthetic-aperture radar satellites. We analyze data collected the end of 2003. In contrast, Flask and Leppard glaciers, before and after the collapse until present, and estimate the further south, did not accelerate as they are still buttressed impact of ice shelf removal on glacier flow and mass by an ice shelf. The mass loss associated with the flow balance. The results are used to draw conclusions about acceleration exceeds 27 km3 per year, and ice is thinning at the importance of ice shelves on the mass balance of rates of tens of meters per year. -
Changing Pattern of Ice Flow and Mass Balance for Glaciers Discharging Into the Larsen a and 2 B Embayments, Antarctic Peninsula, 2011 to 2016
Response to “Changing pattern of ice flow and mass balance for glaciers discharging into the Larsen A and B embayments, Antarctic Peninsula, 2011 to 2016” The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2017-259 Authors: Rott, H., Abdel Jaber, W., Wuite, J., Scheiblauer, S., Floricioiu, D., van Wessem, J.M., Nagler, T., Miranda, N., van den Broeke, M.R. Line numbers in the response refer to the revised version with changes tracked, dated 2018-03-07 In the revised manuscript the figure numbers are shifted by 1 because an additional figure (new Figure 1) was added. This figure, demonstrating excellent agreement between elevation change measured by IceBridge airborne lidar and TanDEM-X, responds to a critical question of Interactive Comment SC1 regarding the quality of the TanDEM-X DEM differencing analysis. Referee comments in italic Anonymous Referee #1 Comment: The paper presents the results of a new analysis of elevation change and flow speed change for the eastern Antarctic Peninsula from Sjogren-Boydell glacier to Leppard Glacier, spanning the major outlets on the mainland Peninsula that were affected by the loss of ice shelves in 1995 and 2002. The study shows that the systems have moved in a positive direct in mass balance (either less negative, or positive outright) in the past few years. They attribute the decline of loss rate to the persistent presence of fast ice in the embayments. This is a very clear and well-written study, with a lot of good (accurate) new data to offer. It could be published as it is. It provides a ‘next chapter’ in the monitoring of this rapidly- changing region impacted by ∼25 years of very warm conditions (1980-2006) which have tapered to slightly cooling over the past several years (still warmer than the mid-20th century by a considerable amount). -
The Larsen Ice Shelf System, Antarctica
22–25 Sept. GSA 2019 Annual Meeting & Exposition VOL. 29, NO. 8 | AUGUST 2019 The Larsen Ice Shelf System, Antarctica (LARISSA): Polar Systems Bound Together, Changing Fast The Larsen Ice Shelf System, Antarctica (LARISSA): Polar Systems Bound Together, Changing Fast Julia S. Wellner, University of Houston, Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Science & Research Building 1, 3507 Cullen Blvd., Room 214, Houston, Texas 77204-5008, USA; Ted Scambos, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA; Eugene W. Domack*, College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701-1567, USA; Maria Vernet, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, California 92037, USA; Amy Leventer, Colgate University, 421 Ho Science Center, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, New York 13346, USA; Greg Balco, Berkeley Geochronology Center, 2455 Ridge Road, Berkeley , California 94709, USA; Stefanie Brachfeld, Montclair State University, 1 Normal Avenue, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, USA; Mattias R. Cape, University of Washington, School of Oceanography, Box 357940, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA; Bruce Huber, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 US-9W, Palisades, New York 10964, USA; Scott Ishman, Southern Illinois University, 1263 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA; Michael L. McCormick, Hamilton College, 198 College Hill Road, Clinton, New York 13323, USA; Ellen Mosley-Thompson, Dept. of Geography, Ohio State University, 1036 Derby Hall, 154 North Oval Mall, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA; Erin C. Pettit#, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Dept. of Geosciences, 900 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA; Craig R. -
Downloaded 09/28/21 02:14 PM UTC Earth Interactions D Volume 18 (2014) D Paper No
Earth Interactions d Volume 18 (2014) d Paper No. 13 d Page 1 Copyright Ó 2014, Paper 18-013; 75924 words, 10 Figures, 0 Animations, 0 Tables. http://EarthInteractions.org Effects of Waves on Tabular Ice-Shelf Calving Diandong Ren* Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, and Australian Sustainable Development Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia Lance M. Leslie Cooperate Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma Received 3 March 2013; accepted 26 January 2014 ABSTRACT: As a conveyor belt transferring inland ice to ocean, ice shelves shed mass through large, systematic tabular calving, which also plays a major role in the fluctuation of the buttressing forces. Tabular iceberg calving involves two stages: first is systematic cracking, which develops after the forward-slanting front reaches a limiting extension length determined by gravity–buoyancy imbalance; second is fatigue separation. The latter has greater variability, producing calving irregularity. Whereas ice flow vertical shear determines the timing of the systematic cracking, wave actions are decisive for ensuing vis- coplastic fatigue. Because the frontal section has its own resonance frequency, it reverberates only to waves of similar frequency. With a flow-dependent, nonlocal attrition scheme, the present ice model [Scalable Extensible Geoflow Model for * Corresponding author address: Dr. Diandong Ren, Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia. E-mail address: [email protected] DOI: 10.1175/EI-D-14-0005.1 Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 02:14 PM UTC Earth Interactions d Volume 18 (2014) d Paper No.