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Bishop John England's “Haytian Legation”

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Bishop John England's “Haytian Legation” Thursday, February 3, 2011 FEATURE Southern Cross, Page 5 Bishop John England’s “Haytian Legation”: Failure or Success? n 1833, as if John of this Republic.” IEngland, Bishop of Returning to Charleston, didn’t have Charleston in March, enough to worry about, 1834, he was quoted in Pope Gregory XVI des- the Catholic Miscellany ignated him papal legate, as saying that the situ- the pope’s personal rep- ation of the church in resentative, to Haiti. Haiti was “far from Already in Rome pleasing”, though seeking funds he hoped it would for his diocese improve. Bishop which included England noted that South Carolina, revolutions that North Carolina, earlier wracked the Georgia and east- island, had under- ern Florida, Rita H. DeLorme mined religious England reluc- order and disci- tantly added Haiti to pline. Despite the need his responsibilities. A for clergy and the dis- man who wore his heart reputable character of on his sleeve, John some priests in the past, England made no secret England found great of his love for the United numbers of people in States, and his desire Haiti who were ready to to continue serving his embrace and re-establish sparsely populated and the church. poverty-stricken diocese. A month later, in Yet, here he was, after April of 1834, Bishop twelve years as bishop England went to Rome of Charleston, obedi- to report on the status ently agreeing to assign- of Catholicism in Haiti. ment on the “Haytian He hoped, having done Legation”. His goal? this, to shed respon- To shore up Haiti’s sibility for the island Catholic Church, which republic and to be per- was in disarray. Many mitted to resume his good priests had left work in the Charleston Courtesy of the Diocese of Charleston Archives the country and quite Diocese. Instead, he was a few of the remaining instructed to continue added: “An American Haiti ended, Bishop John annual diocesan conven- ones were unqualified. as before. Meanwhile, citizen by choice and England returned to his tions, convened a clergy “Pro religione” (“For anti-Catholic abolition- from adoption, I feel it diocese. In a career high- synod (1831), estab- religion”), the motto on ists in the U.S. were to be my duty to contrib- lighted by multiple suc- lished a diocesan semi- England’s coat-of-arms, spreading word in the ute my humble efforts to cesses, his service with nary (1832) and founded should have given any south that England was sustain the character of “the Haytian Legation” the United States doubters of his dedica- Papal Legate to a black our country.” was generally considered Catholic Miscellany. tion to his new mis- republic built on ruins of By 1835, the Diocese a failure. The govern- The constitution he sion a clue, but people a white civilization. In of Charleston was suf- ment of Haiti under devised for his diocese didn’t get it. During his Haiti, these same critics fering from its bishop’s President Boyer did not was invoked at Vatican lifetime, his zeal often jeopardized England’s frequent absences. A agree to the concordat Council II (1962-65) by left England open to mission by pointing out coadjutor was appoint- he submitted to them in an American bishop as a criticism. He would be that he was friendly ed to the Charleston 1836. Ironically, John model for the contempo- termed variously: anti- to slavery in his own Diocese, but was not one England’s successor as rary church. Irish, anti-French, pro- diocese. Returning to of England’s choosing. legate, Bishop Joseph Haiti, often buffeted by abolition, anti- abolition, Charleston on December This prelate was later Rosati, CM, of St. Louis, man and nature, is still etc. Determined to carry 10, 1834 - in time for described as “unsympa- signed a document with largely Catholic. The out the pope’s instruc- the annual convention thetic and incompetent” the Haitian government faith of its people in God tions, England departed of the Catholic Church by John England biogra- in 1841 containing the remains an inspiration to Charleston for Haiti in of South Carolina - he pher, Joseph L. O’Brien. same clauses as one the world. December, 1833. Shortly found his people proud Yet, in his Catholicity England submitted ear- after his arrival, he of him, having heard in the Carolinas and lier. Columnist Rita H. addressed Haiti’s presi- rumors that he might Georgia, Monsignor John England was DeLorme is a volunteer in dent, Jean Pierre Boyer, become a cardinal. But J.J. O’Connell more bishop of Charleston the Diocesan Archives. She on behalf of the pope England reassured them: charitably notes that the for almost 22 years can be reached at and urged creation of “a “No enlarged emolu- appointed co-adjutor and a priest for 34. [email protected]. capable, enlightened and ment, no additional dig- “labored under the disad- Considered “the light of virtuous (Catholic) cler- nity could, I trust, induce vantages of a subordinate the American hierarchy” gy” that would be “sim- me to think of break- position under so great a by many of his contem- ple, solid and conform- ing the ties which have man as Bishop England.” poraries, he addressed able to the best interests long bound us.” He later In 1837, his mission to Congress, organized .
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