DOCSLIB.ORG

Images of Public Wealth Or the Anatomy of Well-Being in Indigenous

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Images of Public Wealth Or the Anatomy of Well-Being in Indigenous Images of Public Wealth or the Anatomy of Well- Being in Indigenous Amazonia Images of Public Wealth or the Anatomy of Well- Being in Indigenous Amazonia Edited by FERNANDO SANTOS- GRANERO tucson To Olga F. Linares, mentor, colleague, and dearest friend The University of Arizona Press www . uapress. arizona . edu © 2015 The Arizona Board of Regents All rights reserved. Published 2015 Printed in the United States of America 20 19 18 17 16 15 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN-13: 978-0-8165-3189-9 (cloth) Jacket designed by Leigh McDonald Jacket photo by Beth Conklin Publication of this book is made possible in part by the proceeds of a permanent endowment created with the assistance of a Challenge Grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities, a federal agency. Library of Congress Cataloging- in-Publication Data Images of public wealth or the anatomy of well- being in indigenous Amazonia / edited by Fernando Santos-Granero. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8165-3189-9 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Indians of South America— Amazon River Region— Economic conditions. 2. Indians of South America— Amazon River Region— Social conditions. 3. Wealth— Amazon River Region. 4. Well- being— Amazon River Region. I. Santos- Granero, Fernando, 1955– editor. II. Title: Anatomy of well- being in indigenous Amazonia. F2230.1.E25I57 2015 981'.1— dc23 2015005907 This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). CONTENTS Introduction: Images of Public Wealth 3 Fernando Santos-Granero I. HEALTH, VITALITY, AND EUPHORIA 1. It’s Ear-y and Euphoric: Amazonian Music and the Per for mance of Public Wealth Among the Suyá/Kïsêdjê 37 Anthony Seeger 2. Biopolitics of Health as Wealth in the Original Risk Society 60 Beth A. Conklin 3. Public Wealth and the Yanesha Struggle for Vitality 89 Fernando Santos-Granero II. LAND, MONEY, AND CARE 4. Amazonian Kichwa Leadership: The Circulation of Wealth and the Ambiguities of Mediation 117 María A. Guzmán- Gallegos 5. “It Makes Me Sad When They Say We Are Poor. We Are Rich!”: Of Wealth and Public Wealth(s) in Indigenous Amazonia 139 Juan Pablo Sarmiento Barletti 6. Divine Banknote: The Translation of Project Money into Public Wealth 161 Giovanna Micarelli vi Contents III. LIVING WELL 7. Clashing Concepts of the “Good Life”: Beauty, Knowledge, and Vision Versus National Wealth in Amazonian Ecua dor 191 Norman E. Whitten, Jr., and Dorothea Scott Whitten Contributors 217 Index 221 Images of Public Wealth or the Anatomy of Well- Being in Indigenous Amazonia Introduction Images of Public Wealth Fernando Santos- Granero This volume is devoted to exploring local notions of public wealth in in- digenous Amazonia. It deliberately appropriates a concept that classical po liti cal economists developed to understand wealth accumulation in emergent capitalist nation-states with the intention of denaturalizing it and assessing its applicability in noncapitalist, kin-based societies. Its basic premise is that through the decolonization and indigenization of the classical concept of public wealth it is possible to grasp the uniqueness of indigenous images of personal and collective wealth. It further con- tends that the study of public wealth provides an exceptional opportunity to apprehend indigenous notions of well-being and the good life, in other words, to engage in an anatomy of well-being as it is conceived by indig- enous Amazonian peoples. This is a worthy and timely pursuit for three interrelated reasons. The fi rst has to do with the profound fi nancial crisis that has affl icted fi rst- world economies since 2007. This crisis, which only now (2014) begins to show some signs of abatement, has generated widespread discontent. And, above all, it questions the effi cacy and sustainability of capitalism as an economic order, as well as a way of life. This crisis has shown that whereas capitalism has been extremely successful in increasing the production and consumption of private goods, it has been much less effi cient in taking care of and ensuring the quality of such public goods as education, health, 3 4 Introduction equality of opportunities, and the environment. More importantly, the cri- sis has shown that John Maynard Keynes (1963) was only half right when he predicted, in the midst of the 1930 world economic crisis, that in a hundred years capitalism would greatly increase the standard of living of its members and enter an “age of leisure and abundance” in which, freed from the worries of the struggle for subsistence, human beings would be able to engage in what he called the “art of life” and learn “how to live wisely and agreeably and well” (Keynes 1963, 367). The present crisis has revealed that the emperor is quite simply naked. The discontented, or ga- nized in decentralized and loosely structured pop u lar movements, charge the system— politicians, bankers, corporations, and their wealthy patrons— with making the rich richer and the poor poorer (#OccupyTogether 2012), with driving the planet into fi nancial crisis out of sheer selfi shness and a reckless pursuit of profi t (Movimiento 15M 2013), with granting money and corporations the inalienable rights that belong to the people (Move to Amend 2012), and with using taxpayers’ monies to bail out irresponsible and greedy fi nancial institutions (#OccupyWallStreet 2011). Through their novel and often spectacular actions these transgressive movements have called attention to the strained relation between personal interest and the common good, corporate profi t and state duties, and private gain and pub- lic wealth. In his controversial Capital in the Twenty- First Century, Thomas Piketty (2014) argued that higher rates of return on capital combined with lower rates of economic growth have led, since the end of World War II, to extreme inequalities in the distribution of wealth in capitalist societ- ies, which has intensifi ed the feeling that something is wrong with “mil- lennial capitalism” (Comaroff and Comaroff 2001). By discussing radi- cally foreign understandings of public wealth, this volume provides new referents on which to rethink conventional viewpoints and everyday prac- tices and with them— may we dare hope—formulates, as Beth Conklin (chapter 2) suggests, “healthier life-politics and more equitable, inclusive economies.” The second reason, though more academic, is no less important. As a result of the increasing awareness that millennial capitalism has not only been unable to secure a sustainable growth but has also promoted a fran- tic consumerist lifestyle that has led to the rapid depletion of natural re- sources, the contamination of the environment, the disappearance of thousands of animal and plant species, the warming of the earth’s tem- peratures, the overcrowding and pollution of cities, and a general dimi- nution of the quality of life of human beings— always pressed to work more and become more indebted in order to spend more and acquire more material goods—there has been a renewed global interest on the topics of well- being, “happiness,” and the good life. This is particularly noticeable in the pop u lar media. Books on the subject of happiness have steadily Introduction 5 increased in number from 50 in 2000 to 4,000 in 2008 (Paredes 2012, 5). Anthropology was slower to pick up on this trend, but when it did, it did so massively. At the 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association (AAA), 112 of the papers presented had the word well-being in either their titles or their abstracts, 31 had the word happiness, and 11 had the phrase good life. Echoing this increased interest, the AAA or ga- nized the Vital Topics Forum, On Happiness, whose proceedings were pub- lished in their fl agship journal American Anthropologist in 2012 with Bar- bara Rose Johnston as guest editor. Anthropology News, the AAA’s monthly newsletter, also devoted its March 2012 issue to the topic of Health, Well- Being and Happiness. Doubtless, this growing academic interest has deep roots in a widespread feeling of dissatisfaction with postindustrial societies and a generalized craving for alternative models to achieve happiness and well- being (see Atherton, Graham, and Steedman 2011; Ferry 2005; Fischer 2014; Jackson 2011). Yet, as Mathews and Izquierdo (2009, 1) have pointed out, “there is no unambiguously single pursuit of happiness— rather, there are multiple ‘pursuits of happiness.’ ” Through a survey of the varied meanings of well- being, happiness, and the good life in indigenous Amazonian societies, this volume engages with and contributes to this bur- geoning new theoretical fi eld. Finally, the academic interest on this topic goes hand- in- hand with a po liti cal reexamination of what should be the aim of governments and intergovernmental organizations in regard to the well- being of the people they represent. What may be considered a good life in contemporary so- cieties? Is it possible to measure well-being and happiness? This trend began in 1990 when Pakistani and Indian economists, Mahbub ul Haq and Amartya Sen, designed for the United Nations Development Program a new way of measur ing development intended to shift policy makers’ attention from economic factors to human well- being. Combining three indicators— life expectancy, average years of schooling, and per capita gross national income—the new mea sure ment, known as the Human Development Index (HDI), replaced older indicators based mostly on ma- terial aspects, such as per capita gross domestic product and standard of living. Although the HDI represented a vast improvement in regard to previous economists’ perspectives, it has been criticized for relying on traditional indicators and for omitting other material and immaterial as- pects of human well- being, such as environmental, emotional, and moral factors (Caplan 2009). As a consequence, new indices have been devised, such as the Economist Intelligence Unit’s 2005 Quality of Life Index, which takes into consideration a combination of economic and social indicators.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Symbolic Ecology, Plant Knowledge, Market and Property Rights - Organized by Marc Lenaerts
    2008 SALSA CONFERENCE PANEL AND PAPER ABSTRACTS Oxford, England & Paris, France Panel: Symbolic ecology, plant knowledge, market and property rights - organized by Marc Lenaerts If the treatment of animals has received wide coverage in Amazonian anthropology, such is not the case for the plant world. Yet, studies of cultivation practices, plant knowledge and plant symbolism indicate an extraordinary wealth and diversity of plant/ human interactions in Amazonia. Moreover, plants play a key role in the economic and cultural survival of many indigenous economies in the region. This panel will examine the complex links between thought and practice as their relate to plant symbolic ecology, inter-cultural exchanges of plant knowledge, and conflicts arising from diverging understandings of the nature of plant knowledge, as well as of its ownership. Fernando Santos-Granero (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute) The virtuous manioc and the horny barbasco: sublime and grotesque modes of transformation in the origin of Yanesha plant life Yanesha people, like many other Native Amazonians, conceive of plants and trees as having been primordial humans transformed into their present form at the end of the mythic times of indifferentiation. The events that led to their transformation differ, however, substantially. Following Joanna Overing’s categorization of Piaroa narrative genres, these events can be described as ‘sublime’ and ‘grotesque’ modes of transformation. Plants that underwent a sublime process of transformation include manioc, the Yanesha staple, as well as tobacco and the hallucinogenic Virola, both of great importance in shamanic practices. These plants assumed their present form as the result of the self- transformation of powerful demiurges; a luminous, contained transformation that privileged the sensual capacities of the upper body, especially those attributed to the heart.
    [Show full text]
  • THE LAND WITHIN Indigenous Territory and the Perception of Environment
    IWGIA THE LAND WITHIN INDIGENOUS TERRITORY AND PERCEPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT T H E L A N D W I T H I N Alexandre Surrallés Pedro García Hierro editors THE LAND WITHIN Indigenous territory and the perception of environment Alexandre Surrallés & Pedro García Hierro - editors - Copenhagen 2005 170 THE LAND WITHIN - INDIGENOUS TERRITORY AND PERCEPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT WRITING HISTORY INTO THE LANDSCAPE: YANESHA NOTIONS OF SPACE AND TERRITORIALITY Fernando Santos–Granero Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute ery early in the morning, during a bright September day in 1977, I started what was going to be a three-day walk from the Yanesha community of V ~ Yorenac~o to that of Muerrat o, 1 passing through the communities of Huacsho and Yoncollmaso, all of them in the eastern slopes of the Peruvian Central Andes (see Figures 1 and 2). 2 My travel companion was Francisco, a middle-aged Yanesha who was going downriver to visit relatives and do some hunting and fishing. When we departed, I had no idea that this trip was also going to be a fascinating journey along the landscape of Yanesha history and myth. Shortly after leaving Yorenac~o along the colonization road built in the 1970s we went by a gently sloping hill on top of which, Francisco told me, lay the foundations of an old Yanesha temple/forge. At its base, he claimed, one could still see rests of the furnace in which iron ore was melted. A few hours later, close to the colonist town of Eneñas he singled out the site of the last fully functioning Yanesha temple, abandoned in the 1950s after the death of the officiating priest.
    [Show full text]
  • Writing History Into the Landscape: Space, Myth, and Ritual in Contemporary Amazonia
    writing history into the landscape: space, myth, and ritual in contemporary Amazonia FERNANDO SANTOS-GRANERO—Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Very early in the morning, during a bright September day in 1977,1 started what was going to be a three-day walk from the Yanesha community of Yorenaco to that of Muerrato,1 passing through the communities of Huacsho and Yoncollmaso, all of them in the eastern slopes of the Peruvian Central Andes (see Figures 1 and 2).2 My travel companion was Francisco, a middle-aged Yanesha who was going downriver to visit relatives and do some hunting and fishing. When we departed, I had no idea that this trip was also going to be a fascinating journey along the landscape of Yanesha history and myth. Shortly after leaving Yorenaco along the colonization road built in the 1970s we went by a gently sloping hill on top of which, Francisco told me, lay the foundations of an old Yanesha temple/forge. At its base, he claimed, one could still see rests of the furnace in which iron ore was melted. A few hours later, close to the colonist town of Enenas he singled out the site of the last fully functioning Yanesha temple, abandoned in the 1950s after the death of the officiating priest. Before arriving at the settlement of Huacsho, we went by a small lake in a site called Cacasano. Francisco told me that here the warrior-divinity Yato' Caresa (Our Grandfather Caresa) hid himself after being defeated by the Muellepen, ancient cannibals who used to travel upriver along the Palcazu River in order to attack the Yanesha settlements of the Cacazu Valley.
    [Show full text]
  • Durham Research Online
    Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 23 July 2015 Version of attached le: Accepted Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Sarmiento Barletti, Juan Pablo (2015) 'Of tobacco and well-being in indigenous Amazonia.', in The master plant : tobacco in lowland South America. London, New York: Bloomsbury Academic, pp. 183-198. Further information on publisher's website: http://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/the-master-plant-9781472587541/ Publisher's copyright statement: Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk Juan Pablo Sarmiento Barletti Appears in Russell, A. and E. Rahman. (eds.). 2015. The Master Plant: Tobacco in Lowland South America. London: Bloomsbury. Of Tobacco and Wellbeing in Indigenous Amazonia ‘[Tobacco] shows me the reality of things. I can see things as they are. And it gets rid of all the pains.’ Ashaninka shaman to Narby (1998: 30) ‘Smoking [tobacco] killed at least 100 million people worldwide last century, and ten times that will meet the same fate in the 21st century if present smoking rates persist.’ (Kohrman 2008: 10) Introduction: The Everyday Use of Tobacco in Indigenous Amazonia I will never forget the first time I saw an Ashaninka1 man blow tobacco smoke on his young child.
    [Show full text]
  • Is for Aboriginal
    Joseph MacLean lives in the Coast Salish traditional Digital territory (North Vancouver, British Columbia). A is for Aboriginal He grew up in Unama’ki (Cape Breton Island, Nova By Joseph MacLean Scotia) until, at the age of ten, his family moved to Illustrated by Brendan Heard the Kanien’kehá:ka (Mohawk) Territory (Montréal). Joseph is an historian by education, a storyteller by Is For Zuni A Is For Aboriginal avocation and a social entrepreneur by trade. Is For Z “Those who cannot remember the past are His mother, Lieut. Virginia Doyle, a WWII army Pueblo condemned to repeat it.” nurse, often spoke of her Irish grandmother, a country From the Spanish for Village healer and herbalist, being adopted by the Mi'kmaq. - George Santayana (1863-1952) Ancient Anasazi Aboriginal The author remembers the stories of how his great- American SouthwestProof grandmother met Native medicine women on her A is for Aboriginal is the first in the First ‘gatherings’ and how as she shared her ‘old-country’ A:shiwi is their name in their language Nations Reader Series. Each letter explores a knowledge and learned additional remedies from her The language stands alone name, a place or facet of Aboriginal history and new found friends. The author wishes he had written Unique, single, their own down some of the recipes that his mother used when culture. he was growing up – strange smelling plasters that Zuni pottery cured his childhood ailments. geometry and rich secrets The reader will discover some interesting bits of glaze and gleam in the desert sun history and tradition that are not widely known.
    [Show full text]
  • KAMETSA ASAIKI. the Pursuit of the Good Life in an Ashaninka Village (Peruvian Amazonia)B
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
    [Show full text]
  • Indigenous Women & Climate Change
    The Harakmbut Yine Machiguenga Coun- ROCÍO SILVA-SANTISTEBAN MANRIQUE (Lima, cil (COHARYIMA) represents communities 1963) is a feminist, activist, university lectur- from the middle and upper reaches of the er and human rights consultant. From 2011 to Madre de Dios River basin, and is itself a INDIGENOUS WOMEN 2015 she led the management team of Peru’s member of the Native Federation of the National Coordinating Body on Human Rights, Madre de Dios River and its Tributaries providing legal, social and political support to (FENAMAD). It defends territorial rights, & CLIMATE CHANGE strengthens cultural identity and encourag- victims of human rights violations such as the es community involvement. case of Máxima Acuña de Chaupe. Rocío Silva Santisteban The National Organisation of Andean and editor She has also been an OXFAM Gender and Amazonian Indigenous Women of Peru Against all the odds, and despite the challenges that climate change Youth advisor; GIZ human rights, mediation (ONAMIAP) works to enforce the individual represents for Latin America, not to mention the fact that the and reconciliation advisor and UNICEF jour- and collective rights of indigenous wom- nalism and human rights advisor. She has en and peoples. Its actions are aimed at new global order seems to relegate the region to little more than Alberto Acosta - Luisa Elvira Belaunde published a number of fictional, journalistic strengthening its grassroots members, rais- a space for the “extraction of goods and knowledge”, women are and academic books, the most recent entitled ing awareness of their demands and propos- Jelke Boesten - Marisol de la Cadena - Eduardo Gudynas als and influencing the public agenda.
    [Show full text]
  • La Música Y Los Pueblos Indígenas
    bIBLIOTECA dIGITAL LA MÚSICA Y LOS PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS A MÚSICA E OS POVOS INDÍGENAS MUSIC AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES COORDINADOR: CORIÚN AHARONIÁN 19402017 EDICIÓN: FABRICE LENGRONNE CDM CENTRO NACIONAL DE DOCUMENTACIÓN MUSICAL LAURO AYESTARÁN bIBLIOTECA dIGITAL CDM CENTRO NACIONAL DE DOCUMENTACIÓN MUSICAL LAURO AYESTARÁN Condiciones de uso 1. El contenido de este documento elec- mención contraria, en los términos defini- trónico, accesible en el sitio del Centro Na- dos por la ley. cional de Documentación Musical Lauro Ayestarán, CDM (Montevideo, Uruguay), es 4. Las condiciones de uso de los conteni- una publicación del propio CDM, prove- dos del sitio del CDM son reguladas por niente de su labor de investigación o de la ley uruguaya. En caso de uso no comer- un evento organizado por él. cial o comercial en otro país, corresponde al usuario la responsabilidad de verificar la 2. Su uso se inscribe en el marco de la ley conformidad de su proyecto con la ley de nª 9.739 del 17 de diciembre de 1937, mo- ese país. dificada por la Ley nº 17.616 del 10 de enero de 2003: 5. El usuario se compromete a respetar las - el uso no comercial de sus contenidos presentes condiciones de uso así como la es libre y gratuito en el respeto de la le- legislación vigente, en particular en cuanto gislación vigente, y en particular de la men- a la propiedad intelectual. En caso de no ción de la fuente. respeto de estas disposiciones, el usuario - el uso comercial de sus contenidos está será pasible de lo previsto por la Ley nº sometido a un acuerdo escrito que se de- 9.739 y su modificación por la Ley nº berá pedir al CDM.
    [Show full text]
  • THE LAND WITHIN Indigenous Territory and the Perception of Environment
    IWGIA By describing the fabric of relationships that indigenous peoples weave THE LAND WITHIN with their environment, this book attempts to define a more precise INDIGENOUS TERRITORY AND notion of indigenous territoriality. Beyond a natural environment from I PERCEPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT T H E L A N D W I T which to obtain the necessary natural resources for subsistence, for NDIGEN indigenous peoples the territory is a space made up of an intricate network of social ties which not only interrelate human groups. Other Alexandre Surrallés OUS elements of the biosphere, such as plants, animals, mountains, etc., Pedro García Hierro can also be part of these social networks, given that they are regarded TE editors RR as persons attributed with a will and emotions similar to that of human IT beings. ORY The territoriality of an environment imbued with feelings, AND memories, subjectivities and bonds consequently begins deep within the person who experiences it. An attack on the territorial rights of P E RC indigenous peoples is also therefore an attack on human rights. This state E P of affairs provides unusual implications for the legal development of TI O indigenous rights to their territories, the defence of the status and N protection required by these areas, many of which are now formally titled. OF THE A large part of the work of titling the South American indigenous territories may now indeed be completed. However this book aims to EN demonstrate that, in addition to management, these territories involve V I RO many other complex aspects that must not be overlooked if we are to N avoid the risk of witnessing these territories and the people who inhabit M ENT them turned into further victims of productionism.
    [Show full text]
  • An Ethnography of the Waorani Notion of Living Well and Its Contemporary Challenges Along Oil Roads
    Vitality, peace and happiness: an ethnography of the Waorani notion of living well and its contemporary challenges along oil roads. Andrea Bravo Díaz Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology University College London October 2019 1 I, Andrea Bravo Díaz, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 Abstract This research explores the Waorani notion of waponi kewemonipa (living well). The Waorani are indigenous people from Ecuadorian Amazonia. The anthropological fieldwork that informs this thesis was carried out among Waorani people living in settlements along oil roads, a particular milieu which is highlighted by Waorani as a contemporary marker of intraethnic difference. In this context, I investigate how the Waorani conceptualize and perform their living well, and how they respond to contemporary challenges, notably: liquor-related conflicts, oil-related pollution and inequalities for accessing external resources. Thus, this research endeavour is a contribution to the growing literature on Amazonian notions of living well and wellbeing. Chapter 1 introduces the notion of living well and its main dimensions which are further explored in relation to: health and vitality (chapter 2), environment and infrastructures (chapter 3), livelihoods (chapter 4), relations with the encroaching society (chapter 5), death and engagement with social media (chapter 6). Peaceful conviviality and collective happiness are at the core of the Waorani living well, these ideals require healthy people and abundance of resources for sharing among those who live together.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Forest Management in the Peruvian Amazon
    WORKING PAPER Community forest management in the Peruvian Amazon A literature review Rosa Cossío Mary Menton Peter Cronkleton Anne Larson Working Paper 136 Community forest management in the Peruvian Amazon A literature review Rosa Cossío CIMMYT Mary Menton CIFOR Peter Cronkleton CIFOR Anne Larson CIFOR Working Paper 136 © 2014 Center for International Forestry Research Content in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Cossío R, Menton M, Cronkleton P and Larson A. 2014. Community forest management in the Peruvian Amazon: A literature review. Working Paper 136. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR. Photo by Juan Carlos Izurieta ‘Tablilla’ saw mill near Pucallpa, Peru. CIFOR Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede Bogor Barat 16115 Indonesia T +62 (251) 8622-622 F +62 (251) 8622-100 E [email protected] cifor.org We would like to thank all donors who supported this research through their contributions to the CGIAR Fund. For a list of Fund donors please see: https://www.cgiarfund.org/FundDonors Any views expressed in this book are those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of CIFOR, the editors, the authors’ institutions, the financial sponsors or the reviewers. Table of contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Peru’s forestry sector 1 2.1 Timber production 2 2.2 Illegalities in the forestry sector 4 2.3 Communities, rural populations and the farm–forest interface 5 3 Cases of community forestry in the Amazon 8 3.1 Community forest management: Definitions and challenges 8 3.2 Examples of CFM projects in Peru 9 3.3 Main challenges for CFM in the Peruvian Amazon 15 4 Conclusions 17 5 References 17 1 Introduction traditional communities, colonist settlers, ribereños1 or small‑scale farmers (Sabogal et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards-The-Conquest-Of-Self-Determination.Pdf
    INTERNACIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS Alberto Chirif Editor TOWARDS THE CONQUEST OF SELF-DETERMINATION E. E. MOSONYI p G. GRÜNBERG p S. VARESE p M. A. BARTOLOMÉ p S. ROBINSON p V. D. BONILLA p N. HERNÁNDEZ A. HERNÁNDEZ y P. TORRES p A. BARABAS p P. GARCÍA HIERRO p Z. LEHM y K. LARA p J. PACHECO DE OLIVEIRA p R. CH. SMITH R. VILLAGRA p T. MOORE p S. ELÍAS p F. BARCLAY p S. HVALKOF p A. PARELLADA p E. WÆHLE J. DAHL TOWARDS THE CONQUEST OF SELF-DETERMINATION. 50 YEARS SINCE THE BARBADOS DECLARATION Copyright: the authors and IWGIA Compilation and editing: Alberto Chirif Cover and interior design: Gredna Landolt Cover photo: Pablo Lasansky, 2019 Editorial production: Alejandro Parellada translation: Elaine Bolton ISBN: 978-87-93961-19-7 Legal deposit made in the National Library of Peru: 202104764 Printed in Tarea Asociación Gráfica Educativa Pasaje María Auxiliadora 156, Lima 5 - Peru HURIDOCS CIP DATA Title: Towards the conquest of self-determination. 50 Years since the Barbados Declaration Edited by: Alberto Chirif Pages: 416 Language: English ISBN: 978-87-93961-19-7 Index: Indigenous Peoples– 2. Self-determination– 3. America Geographical area: Global Publication date: 2021 INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS Prinsessegade 29 B, 3rd floor DK 1422- Copenhagen, Denmark Tel: (45) 35 27 05 00 - Fax (845) 35 27 05 07 Web: www.iwgia.org CONTENT The book and the memories 9 Alberto Chirif u PART 1 founders and participants The awakening of the Indigenous world: From invisibility to potential saviours of humanity. Reflections on the 50th anniversary of the successful “Declaration of Barbados” 33 Esteban Emilio Mosonyi Barbados 1971, an ongoing challenge 45 Georg Grünberg Fifty years since Barbados I: Indigenous ethical cosmology and the future of the commons 61 Stefano Varese A new intercultural dialogue: Anthropology written by Indigenous Authors 93 Miguel Alberto Bartolomé To avoid digital feudalism 109 Scott S.
    [Show full text]