DOCSLIB.ORG

Indigenous Women & Climate Change

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Indigenous Women & Climate Change The Harakmbut Yine Machiguenga Coun- ROCÍO SILVA-SANTISTEBAN MANRIQUE (Lima, cil (COHARYIMA) represents communities 1963) is a feminist, activist, university lectur- from the middle and upper reaches of the er and human rights consultant. From 2011 to Madre de Dios River basin, and is itself a INDIGENOUS WOMEN 2015 she led the management team of Peru’s member of the Native Federation of the National Coordinating Body on Human Rights, Madre de Dios River and its Tributaries providing legal, social and political support to (FENAMAD). It defends territorial rights, & CLIMATE CHANGE strengthens cultural identity and encourag- victims of human rights violations such as the es community involvement. case of Máxima Acuña de Chaupe. Rocío Silva Santisteban The National Organisation of Andean and editor She has also been an OXFAM Gender and Amazonian Indigenous Women of Peru Against all the odds, and despite the challenges that climate change Youth advisor; GIZ human rights, mediation (ONAMIAP) works to enforce the individual represents for Latin America, not to mention the fact that the and reconciliation advisor and UNICEF jour- and collective rights of indigenous wom- nalism and human rights advisor. She has en and peoples. Its actions are aimed at new global order seems to relegate the region to little more than Alberto Acosta - Luisa Elvira Belaunde published a number of fictional, journalistic strengthening its grassroots members, rais- a space for the “extraction of goods and knowledge”, women are and academic books, the most recent entitled ing awareness of their demands and propos- Jelke Boesten - Marisol de la Cadena - Eduardo Gudynas als and influencing the public agenda. demonstrating day in day out that they have the ideas and the unique “Mujeres y conflictos ecoterritoriales: impac- and essential skills to propose a radical change in the matrix of Tania Pariona - Tarcila Rivera tos, estrategias, resistencias” (Women and Servindi Intercultural Communication Ser- Majandra Rodríguez ecoterritorial conflicts: impacts, strategies, re- vices (SERVINDI) is a work collective that civilisation at this crucial point in humankind’s history. This book talks sistance) (Lima, AECID 2017). identifies with indigenous peoples’ aspira- about those challenges. tions and seeks to strengthen indigenous She is currently a member of Nature Rights peoples’ and communities’ agency through Watch’s advisory committee and a lecturer at intercultural communication. It helps indig- the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. enous organisations make known their na- tional and international agenda. The International Word Group for Indige- nous Affairs (IWGIA) is an international -or ganisation founded in 1968. IWGIA supports indigenous peoples in their struggle for self-determination through its documenta- tion programmes, projects and participation in international processes. Its Secretariat is based in Copenhagen. editor INDIGENOUS WOMEN & CLIMATE CHANGE INDIGENOUS WOMEN & CLIMATE Rocío Silva Santisteban INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS 2 INDIGENOUS WOMEN & CLIMATE CHANGE Rocío Silva Santisteban editor ALBERTO ACOSTA - LUISA ELVIRA BELAUNDE JELKE BOESTEN - MARISOL DE LA CADENA - EDUARDO GUDYNAS TANIA PARIONA - TARCILA RIVERA MAJANDRA RODRÍGUEZ - ROCÍO SILVA SANTISTEBAN 3 INDIGENOUS WOMEN & CLIMATE CHANGE Copyright: The authors and IWGIA Compilation and editing: Rocío Silva Santisteban Cover and interior design: Gredna Landolt Editorial production: Alejandro Parellada Translation: Elaine Bolton Photos: Leslie Searles (Cover); Malú Cabellos (P. 32), Jorge Chávez O. (P. 40) ISBN: 978-87-93961-00-5 HURRIDOCS CIP DATA Title: Indigenous Women & Climate Change Edited by: Rocío Silva Santisteban Pages: 154 Language: English ISBN: 978-87-93961-00-5 Index: 1. Peru – 2. Indigenous Peoples – 3. Women – 4. Climate change Geographical area: Peru Publication date: January 2020 INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS Prinsessegade 29 B, 3rd floor DK 1422- Copenhagen, Denmark Tel: (45) 53732820 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.iwgia.org SERVICIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN INTERCULTURAL Web: www.servindi.org ORGANIZACIÓN NACIONAL DE MUJERES INDÍGENAS ANDINAS Y AMAZÓNICAS DEL PERÚ Web: onamiap.org CONSEJO HARAKBUT, YINE Y MATSIGUENKA Web: www.coharyima.org 4 CONTENTS Indigenous Women and Climate Change: an introduction 7 Alberto Acosta 15 Extractive dependency renewed. Violence against people, territories and visions Marisol de la Cadena 35 Protesting from the uncommons Eduardo Gudynas 43 Climate change, extractive activities and gender: interlinked crises within development Jelke Boesten 64 Gendered Violence, Destruction and Feminist Struggles Luisa Elvira Belaunde 77 Deforestation in the mosaic of changes affecting gender relations among Amazonian peoples Majandra Rodríguez Acha 105 Climate Justice Must be Anti-Patriarchal or It Will Not be Systemic Rocío Silva Santisteban 113 Sumaq kawsay, rights of nature and territorial defenders Tarcila Rivera. “Climate change affects women first and foremost” 125 Interview by Rocío Silva Santisteban Tania Pariona. “Combatting climate change without women 137 would be a serious misreading of indigenous reality” Interview by Sol Univazo and Rocío Silva Santisteban About the authors 151 5 6 Indigenous Women and Climate Change: an introduction In most cultures, women have been the custodians of biodiversity. They produce, reproduce, consume and conserve biodiversity in agriculture. However, in common with all other aspects of women’s work and knowledge, their role in the development and conservation of biodiversity has been rendered as non- work and non-knowledge. Vandana Shiva, Women’s Indigenous Knowledge and Biodiversity Conservation It is nothing new for women to be disproportionately experiencing the effects of climate change: on our bodies, on our children, on our territories, on our daily chores. Why? Precisely because we are women, pure and simple; because our basic rights continue to be denied us in different ways and to different degrees the world over, particularly in the Global South. We know that gender inequality limits not only women’s physical and economic mobility but also, in many places, their representation and opportunities, making us more vulner- able to growing environmental tensions and to climate situations that present multiple hazards, above all for the poorest women, the subordinate ones, in- cluding those who remain unrepresented in the area of public policy. Different studies have shown that women’s bodies are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of toxic pollution – contamination with cyanide, arsenic and the heavy metals created by extractive activities – and there is increasing evidence that demonstrates the many ways in which women, as the bearers of life, are affected and can pass on serious environmental health problems to future generations. Indigenous, peasant and rural women, along with the majority of women in the Global South, bear an even greater climate change burden in this regard, due to the historic and ongoing impacts of colonialism, racism and inequality; above all, however, they are more dependent upon natural resources for their survival. Drought, flooding and extreme and unpredictable climate patterns present life and death challenges for many women because it is they who are respon- sible for providing food, water and energy to their families: they are both player in and manager of the family’s food sovereignty. In many communi- ties, gender and sexual violence against women must also be added to the 7 INDIGENOUS WOMEN AND CLIMATE CHANGE: AN INTRODUCTION harmful impacts of extractive companies that are today affecting the most vulnerable. In the case of Peru, we have the example of Máxima Acuña de Chaupe, who is defending her territory in Tragadero Grande, Sorochuco, Cajamarca, not only so that she can retain her property (23 hectares at 4,200 m.a.s.l.) but because of her intrinsic link to the land —the aquifers, forests, stones, gullies, hills, bushes— everything that it comprises. It is precisely in relation to this rela- tionship, which challenges us with its ontological change, that Marisol de la Cadena maintains in this book: “[Máxima] is a subject in relation to an object. However, the “refusal to leave” may express a different relation: one from where woman-land-lagoon (or plants-rocks-soils-animals-lagoons-humans- creeks-canals!!!) emerge inherently together: an ecological entanglement needy of each other in such a way that pulling them apart would transform them into something else. Refusing to leave may also refuse the transforma- tion of the entities just mentioned into units of nature or the environment for they are part of each other”. We will return to this aspect later but suffice to mention here that this “in- tra-beings” relationship that de la Cadena talks about is fundamental to un- derstanding the special relationship indigenous women have with their en- vironment. It would be impossible to understand their heroic resistance to climate change and to devastating capitalist depredation (extractive activity) without distinguishing, even intuitively or through “lateral” knowledge, this relationship of being and belonging. In her essay, de la Cadena raises this rela- tionship as an epistemic challenge not only in terms of theorising from the san- itised academic laboratories of the North or university lecture halls but in order to implement concrete and urgent negotiations aimed at their very survival. In turn, against all odds and in the face
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Investigation on the Matrilocal Residence of Smallholder Rubber Farmers in Southwest China
    Marry to rubber? An investigation on the matrilocal residence of smallholder rubber farmers in southwest China X. Wang¹; S. Min¹; B. Junfei² 1: China Center for Agricultural Policy, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, China, 2: China Agricultural University, College of Economics and Management, China Corresponding author email: [email protected] Abstract: This paper constructs a simple model of matrilocal residence with the heterogeneities in family labor and resource endowments of the wives’ households. Using the data collected from a comprehensive household survey of small-scale rubber farmers in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture in Southwest China, the empirical results suggest that the economic factors go beyond the traditional custom of the Dai women and determine a woman's decision to be a matrilocal residence. The labor shortage of a woman’s household may foster the incidence of matrilocal residence, while a woman whose natal household possesses more rubber plantations has a higher probability of matrilocal residence. The results confirm that in the presence of labor constraint and resource heterogeneity, a higher labor demand of a household and possessing more location-specific resource may increase the likelihood of matrilocal residence of female family members after marriage. The findings complement the literature regarding matrilocal residence in a community with disequilibrium distribution of the location-specific resources. Acknowledegment: Acknowledgements: This study is conducted in the framework of the Sino-German “SURUMER Project”, funded by the Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Technologie und Forschung (BMBF), FKZ: 01LL0919. We also acknowledge funding supports provided by National Natural Sciences of China (71673008; 71742002). JEL Codes: J12, J17 #1128 Marry to rubber? An investigation on the matrilocal residence of smallholder rubber farmers in southwest China 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The World's Women 2010 Trends and Statistics
    ST/ESA/STAT/SER.K/19 Department of Economic and Social Affairs The World's Women 2010 Trends and Statistics asdf United Nations New York, 2010 Department of Economic and Social Affairs The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common problems and take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities. Note The designations employed and the presentation of material in the present report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The term “country” as used in the text of this report also refers, as appropriate, to territories or areas. The designations “developed” and “developing” countries or areas and “more developed” and “less developed” regions are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender, the Status of Women, and Family Structure in Malaysia
    Malaysian Journal of EconomicGender, Studies the Status 53(1): of Women,33 - 50, 2016 and Family Structure in Malaysia ISSN 1511-4554 Gender, the Status of Women, and Family Structure in Malaysia Charles Hirschman* University of Washington, Seattle Abstract: This paper addresses the question of whether the relatively high status of women in pre-colonial South-east Asia is still evident among Malay women in twentieth century Peninsular Malaysia. Compared to patterns in East and South Asia, Malay family structure does not follow the typical patriarchal patterns of patrilineal descent, patrilocal residence of newly married couples, and preference for male children. Empirical research, including ethnographic studies of gender roles in rural villages and demographic surveys, shows that women were often economically active in agricultural production and trade, and that men occasionally participated in domestic roles. These findings do not mean a complete absence of patriarchy, but there is evidence of continuity of some aspects of the historical pattern of relative gender equality. The future of gender equality in Malaysia may depend as much on understanding its past as well as drawing lessons from abroad. Keywords: Family, gender, marriage, patriarchy, women JEL classification: I3, J12, J16, N35 1. Introduction In the introduction to her book onWomen, Politics, and Change, Lenore Manderson (1980) said that the inspiration for her study was the comment by a British journalist that the participation of Malay women in rallies, demonstrations, and the nationalist movement during the late 1940s was the most remarkable feature of post-World War II Malayan politics. The British journalist described the role of Malay women in the nationalist movement as “challenging, dominant, and vehement in their emergence from meek, quiet roles in the kampongs, rice fields, the kitchens, and nurseries” (Miller, 1982, p.
    [Show full text]
  • Matrifocality and Women's Power on the Miskito Coast1
    KU ScholarWorks | http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu Please share your stories about how Open Access to this article benefits you. Matrifocality and Women’s Power on the Miskito Coast by Laura Hobson Herlihy 2008 This is the published version of the article, made available with the permission of the publisher. The original published version can be found at the link below. Herlihy, Laura. (2008) “Matrifocality and Women’s Power on the Miskito Coast.” Ethnology 46(2): 133-150. Published version: http://ethnology.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/Ethnology/index Terms of Use: http://www2.ku.edu/~scholar/docs/license.shtml This work has been made available by the University of Kansas Libraries’ Office of Scholarly Communication and Copyright. MATRIFOCALITY AND WOMEN'S POWER ON THE MISKITO COAST1 Laura Hobson Herlihy University of Kansas Miskitu women in the village of Kuri (northeastern Honduras) live in matrilocal groups, while men work as deep-water lobster divers. Data reveal that with the long-term presence of the international lobster economy, Kuri has become increasingly matrilocal, matrifocal, and matrilineal. Female-centered social practices in Kuri represent broader patterns in Middle America caused by indigenous men's participation in the global economy. Indigenous women now play heightened roles in preserving cultural, linguistic, and social identities. (Gender, power, kinship, Miskitu women, Honduras) Along the Miskito Coast of northeastern Honduras, indigenous Miskitu men have participated in both subsistence-based and outside economies since the colonial era. For almost 200 years, international companies hired Miskitu men as wage- laborers in "boom and bust" extractive economies, including gold, bananas, and mahogany.
    [Show full text]
  • Andean Countries
    GENDER AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT BRIEF ©IFAD/Cristóbal Corral Andean Countries KEY GENDER ISSUES Despite high levels of economic growth – with GDP increasing by between 4 and 8 per cent a year over the last decade in all countries but Venezuela1 – and increased attention to gender equality and women’s empowerment, gender-based inequalities are still very high in Andean countries. The trend for rural-urban migration by men – coupled with the internal displacement of people in Columbia – has increased the number of woman-headed households in rural areas over the last ten years, leaving women with responsibility for both productive and household activities. The Plurinational State of Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru have the highest concentrations of indigenous peoples in the American continent, particularly in rural areas: 77 per cent of the Bolivian rural population is indigenous, and 14 per cent of Ecuador’s.2 Rural indigenous women are often the most disadvantaged in terms of poverty, malnutrition and access to services such as health care and education. In Peru, 8 per cent of the total population is illiterate, but rates among women are 12 per cent overall and 30 per cent in rural areas.3 Equivalent figures for the Plurinational State of Bolivia are 13 per cent for the whole population, 12 per cent for women and 26 per cent for rural women.3 People of African descent account for 10–25 per cent of the population in Colombia and 5–10 percent in Ecuador and Peru, and are also over-represented among the poor.3 Gender-based violence is a major issue in the Andean region; the number of women killed or beaten by their partners or ex-partners has remained constant over the years.4 For instance, more than 60 per cent of all women and 68 per cent of indigenous women in Ecuador suffered some kind of gender-based violence,5 along with 37 per cent of women A women’s group in Cocapata, Plurinational in Colombia6 and 80 per cent of Bolivian women.7 In Peru, of the 59 per cent of women State of Bolivia, where they learn new ways to work with llama wool.
    [Show full text]
  • Women's Leadership As a Route to Greater Empowerment
    WOMEN’S LEADERSHIP AS A ROUTE TO GREATER EMPOWERMENT DESKTOP STUDY OCTOBER 30, 2014 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Mona Lena Krook, Darcy Ashman, Layla Moughari and Milad Pournik of Management Systems International. WOMEN’S LEADERSHIP AS A ROUTE TO GREATER EMPOWERMENT DESKTOP STUDY Management Systems International Corporate Offices 200 12th Street South Arlington, VA 22202, USA Tel: + 1 703 979 7100 / Fax: +1 703 979 7101 Contracted under IQC No: AID-OAA-I-10-00002, Task Order No. AID-OAA-TO-13-00046 USAID Contracting Officer’s Representative: Julie Denham, DRG Center DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. CONTENTS ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................................................................................. II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................................. 1 KEY FINDINGS OF THE DESKTOP STUDY ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE PROGRAMMING .................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Matrix: a Journal for Matricultural Studies “In the Beginning, Woman
    Volume 02, Issue 1 March 2021 Pg. 13-33 Matrix: A Journal for Matricultural Studies M https://www.networkonculture.ca/activities/matrix “In the Beginning, Woman Was the Sun”: Takamure Itsue’s Historical Reconstructions as Matricultural Explorations YASUKO SATO, PhD Abstract Takamure Itsue (1894-1964), the most distinguished pioneer of feminist historiography in Japan, identified Japan’s antiquity as a matricultural society with the use of the phrase ‘women-centered culture’ (josei chūshin no bunka). The ancient classics of Japan informed her about the maternalistic values embodied in matrilocal residence patterns, and in women’s beauty, intelligence, and radiance. Her scholarship provided the first strictly empirical verification of the famous line from Hiratsuka Raichō (1886-1971), “In the beginning, woman was the sun.” Takamure recognized matricentric structures as the socioeconomic conditions necessary for women to express their inner genius, participate fully in public life, and live like goddesses. This paper explores Takamure’s reconstruction of the marriage rules of ancient Japanese society and her pursuit of the underlying principles of matriculture. Like Hiratsuka, Takamure was a maternalist feminist who advocated the centrality of women’s identity as mothers in feminist struggles and upheld maternal empowerment as the ultimate basis of women’s empowerment. This epochal insight into the ‘woman question’ merits serious analytic attention because the principle of formal equality still visibly disadvantages women with children. Keywords Japanese women, Ancient Japan, matriculture, Takamure Itsue, Hiratsuka Raicho ***** Takamure Itsue (1894-1964), pionière éminente de l'historiographie feministe au Japon, a découvert dans l'antiquité japonaise une société matricuturelle qu'elle a identifiée comme: une 'société centrée sur les femmes' (josei chūshin no bunka) ou société gynocentrique.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gendered Effect of Conflict: Turkey
    The Gendered Effect of Conflict: Turkey DPI Working Paper 2 The Gendered Effect of Conflict: Turkey DPI Working Paper August 2011 3 Published by Democratic Progress Institute 11 Guilford Street London WC1N 1DH United Kingdom www.democraticprogress.org [email protected] +44 (0)203 206 9939 First published, 2012 ISBN: © DPI – Democratic Progress Institute, 2012 DPI – Democratic Progress Institute is a charity registered in England and Wales. Registered Charity No. 1037236. Registered Company No. 2922108. This publication is copyright, but may be reproduced by any method without fee or prior permission for teaching purposes, but not for resale. For copying in any other circumstances, prior written permission must be obtained from the publisher, and a fee may be payable.be obtained from the publisher, and a fee may be payable 4 The Gendered Effect of Conflict: Turkey DPI Working Paper Contents Foreword ...................................................................................7 1. The disproportionate effect of conflict on women: international commentary ...............................................................................9 i) United Nations Security Council Resolutions on Women and Conflict .................................................................................10 a) United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 ..........10 b) United Nations Security Council Resolution 1820 ..........12 ii) The Women’s Convention: General Comments and Recommendations on women and conflict ........................13
    [Show full text]
  • Symbolic Ecology, Plant Knowledge, Market and Property Rights - Organized by Marc Lenaerts
    2008 SALSA CONFERENCE PANEL AND PAPER ABSTRACTS Oxford, England & Paris, France Panel: Symbolic ecology, plant knowledge, market and property rights - organized by Marc Lenaerts If the treatment of animals has received wide coverage in Amazonian anthropology, such is not the case for the plant world. Yet, studies of cultivation practices, plant knowledge and plant symbolism indicate an extraordinary wealth and diversity of plant/ human interactions in Amazonia. Moreover, plants play a key role in the economic and cultural survival of many indigenous economies in the region. This panel will examine the complex links between thought and practice as their relate to plant symbolic ecology, inter-cultural exchanges of plant knowledge, and conflicts arising from diverging understandings of the nature of plant knowledge, as well as of its ownership. Fernando Santos-Granero (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute) The virtuous manioc and the horny barbasco: sublime and grotesque modes of transformation in the origin of Yanesha plant life Yanesha people, like many other Native Amazonians, conceive of plants and trees as having been primordial humans transformed into their present form at the end of the mythic times of indifferentiation. The events that led to their transformation differ, however, substantially. Following Joanna Overing’s categorization of Piaroa narrative genres, these events can be described as ‘sublime’ and ‘grotesque’ modes of transformation. Plants that underwent a sublime process of transformation include manioc, the Yanesha staple, as well as tobacco and the hallucinogenic Virola, both of great importance in shamanic practices. These plants assumed their present form as the result of the self- transformation of powerful demiurges; a luminous, contained transformation that privileged the sensual capacities of the upper body, especially those attributed to the heart.
    [Show full text]
  • M.A.(Political Science) Part-II Paper-VIII (Option XI) Semester-IV Women and Political Theory
    M.A.(Political Science) Part-II Paper-VIII (Option XI) Semester-IV Women and Political Theory LESSON NO. 1.7 AUTHOR : SAMARDEEP KAUR Socialist feminism Introduction Socialist feminists arose in the late 1960’s. It is a branch of feminism that focuses upon both the public and private spheres of a woman's life and argues that liberation can only be achieved by working to end both the economic and cultural sources of women's oppression. It is a two-pronged theory that broadens Marxist feminism's argument for the role of capitalism in the oppression of women and radical feminism's theory of the role of gender and the patriarchy. Although, it grew out of the same social ferment and the same consciousness raising groups that produced radical feminism yet it reject radical feminism’s main claim that patriarchy is the only or primary source of oppression of women. Rather, socialist feminists assert that women are unable to be free due to their financial dependence on males in society. Women are subjects to the male rulers in capitalism due to an uneven balance in wealth. They see economic dependence as the driving force of women’s subjugation to men. Further, socialist feminists see women’s liberation as a necessary part of larger quest for social, economic and political justice. They draws upon many concepts found in Marxism; such as a historical materialist point of view, which means that they relate their ideas to the material and historical conditions of people’s lives. Socialist feminists thus consider how the sexism and gendered division of labor of each historical era is determined by the economic system of the time.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Economy of Marriage: Joanne Payton
    ‘Honour’ and the political economy of marriage Joanne Payton Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD, 2015 i DECLARATION This work has not been submitted in substance for any other degree or award at this or any other university or place of learning, nor is being submitted concurrently in candidature for any degree or other award. Signed (candidate) Date: 13 April 2015 STATEMENT 1 This thesis is being submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD. Signed (candidate) Date: 13 April 2015 STATEMENT 2 This thesis is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by explicit references. The views expressed are my own. Signed (candidate) Date: 13 April 2015 STATEMENT 3 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed (candidate) Date: 13 April 2015 Summary ‘Honour’-based violence (HBV) is defined as a form of crime, predominantly against women, committed by the agnates of the victim, often in collaboration, which are justified by the victims’ perceived violation of social norms, particularly those around sexuality and gender roles. While HBV is often considered as a cultural phenomenon, I argue that the cross-cultural distribution of crimes fitting this definition prohibits a purely cultural explanation. I advance an alternate explanation for HBV through a deployment of the cultural materialist strategy and the anthropological theories of Pierre Bourdieu, Claude Lévi-Strauss (as interpreted by Gayle Rubin) and Eric Wolf.
    [Show full text]
  • Prevalence of Violence Against Women Among Peruvian Ethnic Groups
    PREVALENCE OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AMONG PERUVIAN ETHNIC GROUPS Nearly half of all Peruvian women experience some form of violence, according Methodology to national survey data. Only recently have studies shed light on the specific experience of indigenous women, suggesting better ways for policymakers Defining “ethnicity” is complex in multi- to tailor state responses. In a groundbreaking study entitled “Prevalence of ethnic countries such as Peru. Peru’s Violence against Women among Peruvian Ethnic Groups,” Professor Jorge national household survey has only M. Agüero, University of Connecticut, explains how violence against women included questions about ethnicity since differs over time and among ethnic groups in Peru and makes suggestions for 2000. For purposes of this study, Agüero improving interventions and services for the most affected populations. used the Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) because it includes Major Findings direct questions about violence and its surveys are conducted in a safe space. Furthermore, the ENDES reports results Violence against Women in Peru among linguistic groupings, and uses • 48% of women have suffered some form of domestic violence in a typology of violence consistent with their lifetime. Peru’s National Institute of Statistics and • 1 in 3 women has suffered emotional violence and 1 in 10 has suffered Informatics (INEI). sexual violence. Linguistic groupings of ethnic populations. • Only 7% of women who suffer incidents of violence report these to The ENDES divides ethnic populations into the authorities. three linguistic groupings: • Among those who report suffering physical violence, 39% experience 1. Historic Spanish speakers: those who moderate violence and 18% severe violence.
    [Show full text]