THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW May 3, 1957 1 - Qq, 0.0 -(3 Ad Hoc Committee Makes Initial Review
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A Rare Phone Call from One President to Another - Not Even Past
A Rare Phone Call from One President to Another - Not Even Past BOOKS FILMS & MEDIA THE PUBLIC HISTORIAN BLOG TEXAS OUR/STORIES STUDENTS ABOUT 15 MINUTE HISTORY "The past is never dead. It's not even past." William Faulkner NOT EVEN PAST Tweet 2 Like THE PUBLIC HISTORIAN A Rare Phone Call from One President to Another Making History: Houston’s “Spirit of the by Jonathan C. Brown Confederacy” “Señor Presidente,” Lyndon Baines Johnson said via a long-distance telephone call from the Oval Office. “We are very sorry over the violence which you have had down there but gratified that you have appealed to the Panamanian people to remain calm.” President Johnson often talked politics on the phone but seldom with foreign leaders. Johnson, who had just succeeded to the presidency of the world’s most powerful country, was speaking to the head of state of one of the smaller nations of the Western Hemisphere. The call marked the only time that Johnson spoke to a Latin American counterpart by telephone during his presidency—a fact that demonstrates how serious he considered the situation. This unique president-to-president phone conversation occurred on January 10, 1964, following the first full May 06, 2020 day of riots by Panamanian youths along the fence line between Panama City and the U.S. occupied Canal Zone. It was the first foreign crisis of the Johnson presidency. Johnson’s call was translated by a More from The Public Historian Spanish-speaking U.S. Army colonel, transcribed by the White House staff, and preserved in the archives of the LBJ Presidential Library and Museum. -
THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW November 2, 1956 Zonians by Thousands Will Go to Polls on Tuesday to Elect Civic Councilmen
if the Panama Canal Museum Vol. 7, No. 4 BALBOA HEIGHTS, CANAL ZONE, NOVEMBER 2, 1956 5 cents ANNIVERSARY PROGRAM TO BE HELD NOVEMBER 15 TO CELEBRATE FIFTIETH BIRTHDAY OF TITC TIVOLI Detailed plans are nearing completion for a community mid-centennial celebra- tion, to be held November 15, commem- orating the fiftieth anniversary of the opening of the Tivoli Guest House. Arrangements for the celebration are in the hands of a committee headed by P. S. Thornton, General Manager of the Serv- ice Center Division, who was manager of the Tivoli for many years. As the plans stand at present, the cele- bration will take the form of a pageant to be staged in the great ballroom of the old hotel. Scenes of the pageant will de- pict outstanding events in the history of the building which received its first guests when President Theodore Roosevelt paid his unprecedented visit to the Isthmus November 14-17, 1906. Arrangements for the pageant and the music which will accompany it are being made by Victor, H. Herr and Donald E. Musselman, both from the faculty of Balboa High School. They are working with Mrs. C. S. McCormack, founder and first president cf the Isthmian Historical Society, who is providing them with the historical background for the pageant. Fred DeV. Sill, well-known retired em- ployee, is in charge of the speeches and introductions of the various incidents in HEADING THIS YEAR'S Community Chest Campaign are Lt. Gov. H. W. Schull, Jr., right, and the pageant. H. J. Chase, manager of the Arnold H. -
Gringos Go Home
Gringos Go Home By Olivia Hengelbrok John Findley Wallace. Two years into the project there were over 24,000 men working on the canal, but the numbers didn’t stop growing. Within five years the number swelled to 45,000 workers. There were workers from USA, Panama, Asia, West Indies and Europe. Though Jamaican workers refused to join the workforce after their disastrous experience with the French. In result, recruters hired President Theodore Roosevelt workers from the island of Barbados. authorizing the start of the West – Indian workers were cheaper construction of the canal. than American or European labor and by the end of the year, 20% of Starting it off the canal workers were Barbadian. The American construction of the Panama Canal is a historic event that took place in the beginning of the 1900’s. The decision to take over the canal from the French was made by US President, Theodore Roosevelt in 1901. His goal was to create a cheaper, easier, and faster way from the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean, after the French failed at the same task. A few weeks after Panama declared independence from Columbia, The Thousands of men working Hay Bunau Varilla Treaty was audaciously on the Panama Canal. signed. This officially gave the United State’s government control over the canal. Life in the Zone The American workers also brought Make the Dirt Fly along their families. Thousands of On March 3rd, 1903 American Zonian families1 lived in the 5-mile workers arrived in Panama to begin strip on either side of the canal, their task. -
English, Economic Diversity and National Identity in Panama
Linking Oceans: English, Economic Diversity and National Identity in Panama GEORGE PAKOZDI University of Toronto [email protected] 1.1 Introduction PANAMA’S UNIQUE HISTORY AND RELATIONSHIP WITH THE UNITED STATES GIVES IT A UNIQUE ENGLISH LANGUAGE SITUATION—since at least the late 19th century English has been a prestige language, the language of business and international trade and yet for much of this time, Panamanian national identity was largely based around a deliberate rejection of the use of English in public life. The struggle for a unique Panamanian identity had the unfortunate side effect of ignoring the country’s multicultural reality and discriminating against ethnic, racial and linguistic minorities. Though progress has been made, these problems have unfortunately not been sufficiently amended. In the past two decades, American influence in Panama has largely receded. Since the American invasion and removal in 1989 of caudillo (strongman) Manuel Noriega, whom had initially been supported by but later ran afoul of the American administration, Panama has enjoyed free, internationally monitored elections. No longer are its leaders viewed as mere American puppets. As a consequence of this diminished influence, English has been freed of much of its earlier stigma; it is more widely taught and spoken than ever, and critical to the country’s finance-, trade- and tourism-based economy. A report published by the British Council in 2000 identifies Panama as a country in transition from EFL to L2 status (Graddol 2000, 11). Most post-secondary education in Panama is conducted in English. As Steven Humphries has found, Panamanian university and English-language instruction students expect studying in English to help them access wealth, prestige and power (Humphries 2005, 79). -
Copyright by Jeffrey Wayne Parker 2013
Copyright by Jeffrey Wayne Parker 2013 The Dissertation Committee for Jeffrey Wayne Parker Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Empire’s Angst: The Politics of Race, Migration, and Sex Work in Panama, 1903-1945 Committee: Frank A. Guridy, Supervisor Philippa Levine Minkah Makalani John Mckiernan-González Ann Twinam Empire’s Angst: The Politics of Race, Migration, and Sex Work in Panama, 1903-1945 by Jeffrey Wayne Parker, B.A.; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin August 2013 Dedication To Naoko, my love. Acknowledgements I have benefitted greatly from a wide ensemble of people who have made this dissertation possible. First, I am deeply grateful to my adviser, Frank Guridy, who over many years of graduate school consistently provided unwavering support, needed guidance, and inspiration. In addition to serving as a model historian and mentor, he also read countless drafts, provided thoughtful insights, and pushed me on key questions and concepts. I also owe a major debt of gratitude to another incredibly gifted mentor, Ann Twinam, for her stalwart support, careful editing, and advice throughout almost every stage of this project. Her diligent commitment to young scholars immeasurably improved my own writing abilities and professional development as a scholar. John Mckiernan-González was also an enthusiastic advocate of this project who always provided new insights into how to make it better. Philippa Levine and Minkah Makalani also carefully read the dissertation, provided constructive insights, edited chapters, and encouraged me to develop key aspects of the project. -
Assessing Ecological Infrastructure Investments COLLOQUIUM
PAPER Assessing ecological infrastructure investments COLLOQUIUM Wiktor Adamowicza, Laura Calderon-Etterb, Alicia Entemb,c, Eli P. Fenichelb,1, Jefferson S. Halld, Patrick Lloyd-Smithe,f, Fred L. Ogdenc,g,h, Jason A. Reginag, Mani Rouhi Radb, and Robert F. Stallardc,i aDepartment of Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2H1; bSchool of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06460; cSmithsonian Tropical Research Institute, 084-03092 Apartado, Panama; dForestGEO, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, 084-03092 Apartado, Panama; eDepartment of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5A8; fGlobal Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5A8; gDepartment of Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071; hHaub School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071; and iUS Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, Boulder, CO 80303 Edited by Stephen Polasky, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, and approved December 3, 2018 (received for review February 28, 2018) Conventional markets can underprovide ecosystem services. De- (2). Irrespective of which type of contract is used, passing a liberate creation of a market for ecosystem services [e.g., a benefit–cost test is a precursor for successful contracting pro- payments for ecosystem services (PES) scheme] can close the grams (11). Ex ante benefit–cost assessment of a PES program gap. The new ecosystem service market alters behaviors and needs to be conducted within the context of the likely market, at quantities of ecosystem service provided and reveals prices for the appropriate and feasible ecological and social scales, and con- ecosystems service: a market-clearing equilibrium. -
The Panama Canal
www.PDHcenter.com www.PDHonline.org Table of Contents Slide/s Part Description 1N/ATitle The 2 N/A Table of Contents 3~41 1 A Place of Many Fishes 42~172 2 The French Era Pana 173~372 3 Essayons 373~547 4 Gatun 548~631 5 Making the Cut ma 632~680 6 On to the Pacific 681~722 7 A Path Between the Seas 723~823 8 Strategically & Otherwise 824~853 9 Something Must Be Done Canal 854~900 10 A Canal for the 21st Century A Land Divided, A World1 2 United In1494–twoyearsafterhe set out for the East-Indies by sailing westward, master mariner and navigator Cristobol Colon (a.k.a. Part 1 Christopher Columbus), in service to the Spanish crown, announced his discovery of a “New World.” His four voyages (1492– A Place of Many Fishes 1493, 1493–1496, 1498–1500 and 1502–1504) would open the way for European exploration, exploitation, and colonization. 3 4 “…On September 25, 1513, Vasco Nunez de Balboa “…From where Balboa stood his new ocean lay directly climbed the peaks of the Continental Divide and south, because of the S-shaped twist of the Isthmus…When discovered the Pacific Balboa’s report of his discovery reached Spain, it was Ocean, which he named ‘The accompanied by the recommendation that a canal be South Sea…’” immediately dug across the Isthmus. What the explorer had Popular Mechanics, Dec. 1913 RE: the idea of digging a water in mind was a sea-level canal, for although Leonardo Da passage across the Isthmus of Vinci, the great Italian painter-engineer, had recently invented Panama to connect the Atlantic the hydraulic lock now generally used for lifting vessels over and PifiPacific O/Ocean/s emerged in the early 16th century, when elevations, it had not become widely known. -
The Panama Canal Review 3 Taking on a Small Hitchhiker, This Larger Boat Will Pull It Through the Canal in a Tandem Transit
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA LIBRARIES Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from University of Florida, George A. Smathers Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/panamacanalrevie1410pana ON THE INSIDE • Swiftstar Mystery • The Little Fellows • Why It's Wet i/Special Report: 50th Anniversary Stamp Issue Vol. 14, No. 10 MAY 1964 Robert J. Fleming, Jr., Governor-President Robert D. Kerr, Press Officer David S. Parker, Lieutenant Governor Publications Editors fiUJgt^»t Richard D. Peacock and Julio E. Briceno Frank A. Baldwin Panama Canal Information Officer Editorial Assistants Official Panama Canal Publication Eunice Richard, Tobi BnTEL, and Published monthly at Balboa Heights, C.Z. Tomas A. Cupas Printed at the Printing Plant, La Boca, C.Z. Distributed free of charge to all Panama Canal Employees. cTtbout Our Cover THIS MONTH The Review cover blossoms with color. Very soon, these colors, or ones very close to these, will be an every- day sight on the postage stamps that Canal Zone residents will be using during the 50th Anniversary celebration month of August after the stamps go on sale August 15 at the Balboa post office. Postal Director Earl F. Unruh and his staff have designed a special official souvenir stamp folder commemorating the 50th Anniversary. These will be available and specific instruc- tions on how to get one are included in a story in this Review. E.xtra Review copies will be printed and sent to philatelic societies over the world. Including the regular printing of The Review, more than 35,000 copies of this issue will be distributed, a record for this publication. -
Annual Report
Yi.V -. \/o PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION ANNUAL REPORT FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1988 PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION Balboa, Republic of Panama OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATOR FROM THE ADMINISTRATOR It is a pleasure to submit the annual report of the Panama Canal Commission for fiscal year 1988. This ninth year of operation under the terms of the Panama Canal Treaty was a successful one. Oceangoing transits increased slightly, with Panama Canal net tonnage and tolls revenue each reflecting moderate growth of nearly 3 percent over the previous year. These increases were primarily due to the continued heavy movement of grains through the Canal, as well as greater transits by larger vessels. Transits by PANAMAX size vessels, the largest vessels the waterway can presently handle, comprised almost 24 percent of total oceangoing transits. Unfortunately, the political crisis in Panama, which began in June 1987, became more intense and remained unresolved at the close of fiscal year 1988. Canal traffic, however, continued to flow normally and maintenance, modernization and improvement programs proceeded as scheduled. These programs included the Miraflores Locks overhaul, dredging and channel improvement projects, delivery of two new tractor tugs and initiation of a project providing for the major upgrading of all locks fire protection systems. Training programs to develop and refine critical skills have also progressed smoothly, utilizing the latest techniques in the industry. Much of the training effort is geared toward preparing Panamanian employees to manage and operate the Canal. Already, more than 84 percent of Commission personnel are Panamanian citizens, with broad responsibilities throughout the organization. The outstanding accomplishments of the past year and the continued efficiency of the waterway are unquestionably the product of a dedicated and very capable work force, which has performed admirably despite difficulties precipitated by the political situation in Panama. -
The Panama Canal Review 3 Tion
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA LIBRARIES Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from University of Florida, George A. Smathers Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/panamacanalrevie132pana C C/iTlLL<Jt Vol. 13, No. i September 7, 1962 I &tevenA L/ircb Editors Robert J. Fleming, Jr., Governor-President Publications i^^S Joseph Connor and Guillermo Rodolfo Yaldes W. P. Leber, Lieutenant Governor Official Panama Canal Company Publication Editorial Assistants Will Arey Published monthly at Balboa Heights, C.Z. Eunice Richard, Tobi Bittel, and Tomas A. Cupas Panama Canal Information Officer Printed at the Printing Plant, Mount Hope, C.Z. On sale at all Panama Canal Service Centers. Retail Stores, and the Tivoli Guest House for 10 days after publication date at 5 cents each. Subscriptions, $1 a year; mall and back copies, 10 cents each. Postal money orders made payable to the Panama Canal Company should be mailed to Box M, Balboa Heights, C.Z. Editorial Offices are located in the Administration Building. Balboa Heights. C.Z. WITH NO APOLOGIES to Time Magazine, The Review is proud to point to articles in this issue from our Index correspondents in the United States and Moscow. Former Review Editor Eleanor Mcllhenny wrote the feature story beginning on page 10 about retired Zonians and what they are doing. With husband Ted, who was a veteran electrical engineer in the Design Engineer's Office, Eleanor traveled extensively in preparing the article about seven well-known Zonians. The Mcllhenny's retired in September 1960. In forwarding the article, Eleanor wrote that she and Ted have finally decided to settle down, probably in the Cleveland, Ohio, area, and "we'll send an address along later." Dr. -
THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW July 2, 1954
! Gift ofthe Panama Canal Museum qq-l-dLto-Q) wi Vol.4, No. 12 BALBOA HEIGHTS, CANAL ZONE, JULY 2, 1954 5 cents NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL AWARD OF MERIT WON BY CANAL ORGANIZATION FOR NOTEWORTHY RECORD Whee The National Safety Coun- cil's Award of Merit^has been won by the Canal organiza- tion for its noteworthy safety achievement for the calendar year 1953. The Merit Award is equivalent to a second place, being exceeded only by the Award of Honor, which is given for an outstanding safety rec- ord. The Company-Govern- ment was only a few points short of this top award. The Award of Merit is accompanied by an embossed certificate, under glass and mounted on a wood plaque, and by a green-and-white safety flag. Both will be presented to Gov. J. S. Seybold this month during a visit to the Canal Zone of a sub-committee of the Panama Canal Company Board of Directors. A ceremony is being arranged for the presentation of the award and for the flag raising which will follow. The letter to G. 0. Kellar, Chief of the Safety Branch, from the National Safety JULY 4 wouldn't be Independence Day without fireworks. This picture of what the Gay '90's used Council announcing the award and con- to call a "pyrotechnic display" was taken in Balboa last July 4. gratulating the Canal organization on its achievement, said: "Under the provisions of the Plan For Independence Day Is July Fifth Recognizing Good Industrial Safety Rec- ords, adopted by the Industrial Confer- This Year Throughout Canal Zone ence of the National Safety Council on January 14, 1952, your entire company July Fourth will be July Fifth this year Patriotic exercises will be held at 3:30 has qualified for the following National in the Canal Zone. -
The Panama Canal Review
95f-[-;i/*C*} .HE Gift ofthe Panama Canal Museum /L*&g*j[I^ Vol. 6, No. 10 BALBOA HEIGHTS, CANAL ZONE MAY 4, 1956 5 cents CANAL EMPLOYEES ARE EXTREMELY COMPETENT AND COOPERATIVE GROUP SAYS GOVERNOR SEYBOLD Superior Award Winners Chief Executive And (See story on new Incentive awards on Page 4) Wife To Say Farewell To Canal Zone May 19 "I am sincerely proud to have been associated with the employees of the Pan- ama Canal organization." This quotation succinctly phrases the sentiments expressed by Governor John States Seybold in a special farewell mes- sage to Canal employees on the eve of the completion of his four-year term as the administrative head of the Panama Canal Company and Canal Zone Gov- ernment. The Governor's term of office has covered a critical four-year period in the 52-year-old enterprise of the United States Government. A brief review of this eventful period and his administra- tion is carried on pages 10 and 11 of this issue of The Panama Canal Review. Expressing his admiration for the com- petence and cooperativeness of employees in the organization, Governor Seybold issued the following message to them: "I should like to note briefly but sin- cerely my high regard for the employees of the Panama Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government. The transition reorganization a SEVEN COMPANY-GOVERNMENT employees were the first to receive Superior Award citations period since the has been under the new extension of the Incentive Awards program approved last month and announced in trying one for them.