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Appendix H Acronyms and Definitions

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Appendix H Acronyms and Definitions Solid Waste Management Plan Appendix H Acronyms and Definitions APPENDIX H Solid Waste Management Plan Acronyms ACM Asbestos Containing Materials C&D Construction and Demolition CDL Construction, Demolition, Landclearing and Inert Waste CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations CY Cubic Yard Ecology Washington State Department of Ecology EDC (Spokane) Economic Development Council EPA (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency EPP Environmentally Preferable Purchasing EPR Extended Producer Responsibility HDPE High-Density Polyethylene HHW Household Hazardous Waste HWMA (Washington) Hazardous Waste Management Act LDPE Low-Density Polyethylene LQG Large Quantity Generators MFS Minimum Functional Standards for Solid Waste Handling MQG Medium Quantity Generators MRF Material Recovery Facility MRW Moderate Risk Waste MRW Plan Moderate Risk Waste Management Plan MSW Municipal Solid Waste MTCA Model Toxics Control Act NESHAP National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants NOC Notice of Construction NPL National Priorities List NSLF Northside Landfill NWPSC Northwest Product Stewardship Council OFM Office of Financial Management (State of Washington) ONP Old Newsprint PAYT Pay As You Throw PETE Polyethylene Terephthalate PS Polystyrene PSI Product Stewardship Institute PVC Polyvinyl Chloride H - 1 Solid Waste Management Plan RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RCW Revised Code of Washington RDC Regional Disposal Company RPWRF Riverside Park Water Reclamation Facility RRLF Roosevelt Regional Landfill Spokane Clean Spokane County Air Pollution Control Authority, now known Air as Spokane Regional Clean Air Agency SQG Small Quantity Generators SRHD Spokane Regional Health District SWAC Solid Waste Advisory Committee SWMD Solid Waste Management Department SWMP Solid Waste Management Plan System Spokane Regional Solid Waste System WAC Washington Administrative Code WTE Waste to Energy WUTC Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission H - 2 Solid Waste Management Plan Definitions Aerobic Decomposition: Degradation of Organic Wastes in the presence of oxygen by microorganisms and bacteria, releasing carbon dioxide gas and heat and producing solid material (compost) that can be used as a soil amendment. An example of Aerobic Decomposition is the waste degradation that occurs in a compost pile. See “Composting.” Contrast “Anaerobic Digestion.” Anaerobic Digestion: Degradation of Organic Wastes in the absence of oxygen by microorganisms and bacteria, releasing methane that can be collected and used as a fuel and producing relatively inert solid materials that can be processed for use as a soil amendment. An example of Anaerobic Digestion is the waste degradation that occurs in a landfill. Contrast “Aerobic Decomposition.” Asbestos Waste: Any waste that contains more than 1 percent asbestos by weight (40 CRF Part 763, Appendix A, Subpart F). Automated Collection: Solid Waste collection by mechanical means, where arms or other devices extend from the collection vehicle, grasp or otherwise manipulate containers, lift them overhead, tip them to empty solid waste into the vehicle, and set them back down on the ground. Fully Automated Collection requires no manual labor to grasp containers; semi-Automated Collection requires manual labor to position containers for mechanical grasping. Beneficial Use: Utilization or reuse of a material that would otherwise become Solid Waste. Examples include landfill cover, aggregate substitute, fuel substitute, or the feedstock in a manufacturing process. Biodegradable: Describes waste materials capable of being biologically decomposed by microorganisms and bacteria. For example, Organic Wastes such as paper, wood, food, and plants are biodegradable; metals, glass and most plastics are not. Biodiesel: Is manufactured from vegetables oils, animal fats, and recycled restaurant greases. Biofuels: Liquid fuels for transportation, such as ethanol and biodiesel. Biopower: The use of biomass feedstocks instead of conventional fossil fuels (natural gas or coal) to generate electricity or industrial process heat and steam. Biomass is burned and the resultant heat is used to turn water into steam, which is then used to turn turbines that are connected to electric generators. Bioproduct: A chemical, material, or other product derived from renewable biomass resources. Bioreactor Landfill: Engineered landfill or landfill cell where liquid and gas are actively managed in order to accelerate or enhance Biostabilization of waste. Example management includes controlled addition and recirculation of water and capture of methane gas in a piping network. H - 3 Solid Waste Management Plan Bottle Bill: Law that requires payment of a deposit on specified beverage containers, (such as aluminum cans or glass beverage bottles), by consumers at time of purchase, and subsequent refund of the deposit by the product retailer or other entity when consumers return the containers for redemption. Bottle Bills encourage container recycling and discourage littering. Buyback Center: Facility that refunds deposits on containers subject to Bottle Bill redemption and/or purchases Recyclable Materials. Buy Recycled: Purchasing Recycled Products. Buy Recycled programs often emphasize purchase of products that contain a specified or maximum level of Post-Consumer content and/or Recyclable Materials content without affecting the intended use of the product. CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, 42 U.S. C Section 9601 et seq., referred to colloquially as “Superfund,” providing for clean-up and remediation of uncontrolled or abandoned Hazardous Waste sites and response to accidents, spills and other emergency releases of hazardous substances. CERCLA provides EPA with enforcement authority to ensure that responsible parties pay the cleanup costs (“PRP’s” are Potentially Responsible Parties). CESQG (pronounced SQUEEGY): Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators, which are facilities that produce less than 100 kg (220 pounds) of Hazardous Waste (or less than 1 kg of acutely Hazardous Waste) per calendar month. CESQG’s are exempt from many of the requirements applicable to Hazardous Waste generators, provided they comply with certain conditions specified in Subtitle C regulations. Closure: Cessation of operations at a Solid Waste Management facility (especially a Sanitary Landfill) and implementing plans promulgated in accordance with provisions of RCRA in order to ensure future protection of human health and the environment. An example closure requirement is providing specified grading and final cover of a Sanitary Landfill. See “Cover - final cover” and “Post Closure Care.” Commingled Recyclables: Recyclable Materials designated for Recycling either by (1) generators’ placement with other Recyclable Materials mixed in a single, common container for collection, or (2) collectors’ sorting and placement in a single, common compartment on the collection vehicle. See “Single Stream Recyclables.” Contrast “Source Separated Recyclables.” Composted Material: Solid waste that has been subjected to controlled aerobic degradation at a solid waste facility. Natural decay of organic solid waste under uncontrolled conditions does not result in composted material. Composting: Biological decomposition or decay of Organic Wastes (sometimes including mixed Solid Waste) under controlled conditions. Composting takes place under aerobic conditions, typically in an open pile (called a windrow) or in a tank or container (called in-vessel composting). See “Aerobic Decomposition” and “Anaerobic Digestion.” Corrective Action: Action taken to investigate, describe, evaluate, correct, and clean up contamination from Solid Waste Management facilities as prescribed in accordance with law, including CERCLA and RCRA. H - 4 Solid Waste Management Plan Dangerous Wastes: Any discarded, useless, unwanted, or abandoned substances, including but not limited to certain pesticides, or any residues or containers of such substances which are disposed of in such quantity or concentration as to pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health, wildlife, or the environment because such wastes or constituents or combinations of such wastes: (a) Have short-lived, toxic properties that may cause death, injury, or illness or have mutagenic, teratogenic, or carcinogenic properties; or (b) Are corrosive, explosive, flammable, or may generate pressure through decomposition or other means. Disposal Site: Location where any final treatment, utilization, processing, or deposit of solid waste occurs. Diversion: Re-direction of Recyclable Materials from disposal through Resource Recovery. Diversion Rate: The recovery of “non-MSW” waste streams; most notable asphalt, concrete, and other construction, demolition, and land clearing debris. The diversion rate is an overall measure which includes materials that fall under the “MSW Recycling Rate.” Drop-Off Center: Containers such as bins and Roll-Off Boxes placed at collection sites designated for deposit by generators of specified materials such as Recyclable Materials or Solid Waste. EIS: Environmental Impact Statement, a document that identifies and analyzes in detail the environmental impacts of a proposed action, including in some instances, the construction of Solid Waste Management facilities, prepared in compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act or state and provincial laws. Energy Recovery: A process
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