DOCSLIB.ORG

Mechanical-Biological Treatment the Task Expertise Processes Technologies the Entire System Mechanical-Biological Treatment

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mechanical-Biological Treatment the Task Expertise Processes Technologies the Entire System Mechanical-Biological Treatment MBT MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT THE TASK EXPERTISE PROCESSES TECHNOLOGIES THE ENTIRE SYSTEM MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT 01 Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) 02 Commercial waste, similar to household waste 01 02 03 03 Sewage sludge and much more THE TASK Mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) The end product of mechanical-biological is the right answer to the question of how treatment is a stable or dried composted we can make landfills more environment- residue, recyclable materials, and refuse- friendly. If we want to reduce emissions derived fuels. from mixed-waste landfills, we need to start by recycling materials, using the Komptech machines are in use around energy in waste, and creating a stable the world to help with this task. residue for landfilling. Our products are at home in all major MBT process steps. It is the organic material in waste that causes most of the problems at landfills. This must be reduced and stabilised through composting. An MBT system can do this. 2 EXPERTISE Image Foto The key steps in varied and complex MBT systems Shredding reduces the input material to the desired Komptech GmbH particle size. Komptech is a leading international Screening manufacturer of machines and systems separates large from small and prepares for the mechanical and mechanical- the material for subsequent steps. biological treatment of solid waste and biomass, and the processing of woody Stabilisation biomass for use as a renewable fuel. decomposes or dries out the organic components. Our product range comprises over 30 different types of machines, which Recycling cover the key steps in waste handling reclaims valuable materials from the and biomass processing. waste, and saves natural raw materials. All share a practical focus and Refuse-derived fuels pioneering spirit. Practical focus make it possible to utilise the energy in means that they are designed around non-recyclable materials. our customers’ needs, not our own. Pioneering spirit means working Post-processing towards the future, by further helps improve the quality of MBT output. cultivating our accustomed high development expertise. TECHNOLOGY FOR A BEttER ENVIRONMENT 3 MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT THE STANDARD MBT PROCESS SHREDDING SCREENING STABILISATION 100% 01 Shredding 01 02 Screening 03 Stabilisation, open and closed Undersize fraction 02 04 Recycling 05 RDF production 06 Post-treatment 03 03 06 All figures in percentage by weight 30% Decomposition loss 30% Compost-like output 4 RecYcling RDF PRODUCTION POST-PROCESSING 100% The MBT process There are many important steps in waste treatment, making the MBT process varied and complex. No two MBT systems are alike. This simplified schematic shows the type of MBT process most frequently used in central Europe, aerobic MBT with RDF Oversize production. Other variants are shown on the following pages. fraction In splitting, the material is shredded (01) and screened (02), giving two fractions, the undersize and oversize 04 screen fraction. These must be treated separately. Composting the undersize screen fraction (03) creates a landfillable compost end product. With its increased density and the decomposition loss, this saves ever scarcer landfill space. 05 The oversize fraction is used to make a refuse derived fuel (04 and 05). Contraries can be removed and recyclables recovered. Post-processing (06) helps improve the quality of MBT output materials. 06 20-40% RDF 0-20% Recyclables/contraries TECHNOLOGY FOR A BEttER ENVIRONMENT 5 MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT MBT PROCESS VARIANTS 1 AEROBIC MBT 100% The standard MBT process in countries without landfill ban. 0-20% Recyclables 30% Decomposition loss 20-40% Oversize to landfill 30% Compost-like output 2 AEROBIC MBT WITH RDF PRODUCTION 100% The standard MBT process in countries that ban landfilling. 0-20% Recyclables/ contraries 30% Decomposition loss 30% Compost-like output 20-40% RDF 6 3 ANAEROBIC MBT WITH RDF PRODUCTION 100% MBT with biogas production in countries that ban landfilling. 0-20% Recyclables/ contraries 30% Aerobic Anaerobic Decomposition loss 30% Compost-like output 20-40% RDF 4 DRY STABILATE MBT WITH RDF PRODUCTION 100% The MBT process that gives maximum RDF and minimum landfill. 30% Decomposition loss 0-20% Recyclables 20% Landfill 40-60% RDF TECHNOLOGY FOR A BEttER ENVIRONMENT 7 MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT SHREDDING • Reduction of even difficult materials possible • Tough and insensitive to contraries 01 02 • Stationary machines with optional hydraulic or mechanical drive • Different shredding units for a perfect fit with the TERMINatOR application • 01 U-tooth (universal) A tough pre-shredder 02 F-tooth (fine) The task In detail Pre-shredding brings the input material Drive can be hydraulic or mechanical. to a consistent particle size and prevents The hydraulic version has constant overlengths that might cause problems power control and stepless shaft speed further on. Robust resistance to contraries adjustment, while the mechanical version is very important in pre-shredding. uses a 2-speed reversing gearbox. The solution The Terminator, with its special tooth geometries and innovative tool mounting, meets these requirements perfectly. Four different tool variants and stepless cutting gap adjustment allow sizing of the output for its intended purpose. 8 MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL SCREENING TREATMENT • Reliable operation • High separation precision • Separates multiple fractions in a very small space DRUM AND STAR SCREENS Exact screening The task In detail Screening separates the shredded On star screens, the particle size can be input material by size, to prepare for adjusted with the press of a button. further processing to recover recyclables On Komptech drum screens, also known and energy from the waste. Reliable as trommels, anti-dirt strips and feed functioning and high separation precision worms configured for the material and are the main requirements screening throughput provide blockage-free technology must meet. operation. The solution Komptech drum and star screeners with adjustable screen hole sizes meet these requirements. Combinations of multiple screeners can accomplish several screening steps in a very small space. This is of great advantage for subsequent recovery of recyclables. TECHNOLOGY FOR A BEttER ENVIRONMENT 9 MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT STABILISATION • Closed tunnel composting • Covered flat-top windrows • Final composting, enclosed, roofed, or open • Extra-large turning drum for high throughput and excellent mixing • Swivel cabin - easy road TOPTURN AND transport and convenient entry • The right machine for the TUNNEL job - three sizes and many Fast stabilisation options The task final composting follows with the aid of Composting aims at stabilising the a windrow turner. Regular turning makes material quickly and with low emissions. composting or drying proceed evenly and The end product can be wet, for efficiently. The Topturn is ideal for the landfilling, or dry, for incineration. job, as its robust functionality lets it cope with the most demanding situations. The solution The first step is often closed composting In detail in tunnels or enclosed windrows. Once Options like watering and lateral the emission spikes from the fast- displacement of the compost allow fine- decomposing substances have subsided, tuning of the process. 10 MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL recYcling TREATMENT • Cleaning recyclables • Removing contraries • Central separation of input material into final processing lines • Adjustable separation limit • High resistance to contraries ballIstOR • Low air movement for low dust production Recyclable recovery with high selectivity • Long life, The task The Ballistor offers up to four fractions, low operating costs For waste materials to be recycled, they making it a central component in must first be separated from the waste separating the waste stream into different stream, and then cleaned. final processing lines. The solution In detail Screening and ballistic technology Its contrary-resistance and adjustable separates waste into multiple fractions. separation criteria make the Ballistor useful Without this, it is not possible to separate for a wide range of applications. Since it recyclables from contraries in the generates little air movement, little dust is subsequent sorting step. For example, produced. PET can be easily recovered form the rolling fraction output by the Ballistor, while aluminium can be readily extracted from a 50-100 mm screen fraction. TECHNOLOGY FOR A BEttER ENVIRONMENT 11 AMECHANICAL-BIOLOGICALufbereitung von TREATMENTErsatZbrennstoffen RDF PRODUCTION • Low rotor speed for low noise, dust and vibration • Continuous material feed for consistently low power consumption • Simple blade change and minimal maintenance downtime • Swing-away counter roller RasOR for good service accessibility Energy-efficient RDF production The task In detail Energy-efficient RDF production requires The blades can be turned repeatedly, and not only effective contrary removal, but routine cutting gap adjustment is quick also fine shredding with steady power and easy. The screen basket surrounding uptake. the rotor lets operators produce 60 mm grain RDF for fluidised bed combustion or The solution 30 mm grain for cement kilns. The Rasor’s three worms draw the contrary- free material evenly into the rotor. The power consumption of the machine is correspondingly constant. At 150 rpm, a pulling endless cut shreds the material with a high throughput rate. 12 MECHANICAL-BIOLOGICAL POST-PROCESSING TREATMENT
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CORAR Position Paper on Mixed Waste
    CORAR Council on Radionuclides and Radiopharmaceuticals, Inc. 3911 Campolindo Drive Moraga, CA 94556-1551 925-283-1850 FAX 925-283-1850 [email protected] 7/30/08 COUNCIL ON RADIONUCLIDES AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS POSITION PAPER ON MIXED WASTE INTRODUCTION The Council on Radionuclides and Radiopharmaceuticals (CORAR) is concerned with the slow progress in providing comprehensive viable treatment and disposal options for low level radioactive waste mixed with hazardous chemical components (mixed waste). CORAR is comprised of representatives of the major manufacturers and distributors of radiopharmaceuticals, radioactive sources, and research radionuclides used in the U.S. for therapeutic and diagnostic medical applications and for industrial, environmental and biomedical research and quality control. Radiophamaceuticals and radionuclides are used world wide with immense benefit to society. Although non-radiometric methods are being sought, much essential biochemical and medical research today depends on the application of radionuclides often in the form of labelled compounds. It is interesting to note that in the past twenty-five years most Nobel prizes in medicine and physiology were awarded for research which could not have been conducted without radioactive materials. In addition to benefits accruing from research, the quality of health care is also strongly enhanced by diagnostic and treatment methods using radiopharmaceuticals and radioactive sources. Some medical treatments and diagnostics can only be done using radionuclides. Currently, when other methods are available, they are less safe, less accurate and/or are more costly than the radiometric method. An unavoidable by-product of the manufacture and use of these essential radioactive products is the generation of mixed waste. Although manufacturers and users continue to seek methods to avoid the production of mixed waste, it is unlikely that mixed waste will be entirely eliminated and the ultimate fate of mixed waste currently held in storage is still to be determined.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Litter Legislation: a Toolkit for Policymakers
    Marine Litter Legislation: A Toolkit for Policymakers The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Environment Programme. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, DCPI, UNEP, P.O. Box 30552, Nairobi, Kenya. Acknowledgments This report was developed by the Environmental Law Institute (ELI) for the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). It was researched, drafted, and produced by Carl Bruch, Kathryn Mengerink, Elana Harrison, Davonne Flanagan, Isabel Carey, Thomas Casey, Meggan Davis, Elizabeth Hessami, Joyce Lombardi, Norka Michel- en, Colin Parts, Lucas Rhodes, Nikita West, and Sofia Yazykova. Within UNEP, Heidi Savelli, Arnold Kreilhuber, and Petter Malvik oversaw the development of the report. The authors express their appreciation to the peer reviewers, including Catherine Ayres, Patricia Beneke, Angela Howe, Ileana Lopez, Lara Ognibene, David Vander Zwaag, and Judith Wehrli. Cover photo: Plastics floating in the ocean The views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect those of the United Nations Environment Programme. © 2016. United Nations Environment Programme. Marine Litter Legislation: A Toolkit for Policymakers Contents Foreword ..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Radioactive Waste
    Radioactive Waste 07/05/2011 1 Regulations 2 Regulations 1. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) 10 CFR 20 Subpart K. Various approved options for radioactive waste disposal. (See also Appendix F) 10 CFR 35.92. Decay in storage of medically used byproduct material. 10 CFR 60. Disposal of high-level wastes in geologic repositories. 10 CFR 61. Shallow land disposal of low level waste. 10 CFR 62. Criteria and procedures for emergency access to non-Federal and regional low-level waste disposal facilities. 10 CFR 63. Disposal of high-level rad waste at Yucca Mountain, NV 10 CFR 71 Subpart H. Quality assurance for waste packaging and transportation. 10 CFR 72. High level waste storage at an MRS 3 Regulations 2. Department of Energy (DOE) DOE Order 435.1 Radioactive Waste Management. General Requirements regarding radioactive waste. 10 CFR 960. General Guidelines for the Recommendation of Sites for the Nuclear Waste Repositories. Site selection guidelines for a waste repository. The following are not regulations but they provide guidance regarding the implementation of DOE Order 435.1: DOE Manual 435.1-1. Radioactive Waste Management Manual. Describes the requirements and establishes specific responsibilities for implementing DOE O 435.1. DOE Guide 435.1-1. Suggestions and acceptable ways of implementing DOE M 435.1-1 4 Regulations 3. Environmental Protection Agency 40 CFR 191. Environmental Standards for the Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel, High-level and Transuranic Radioactive Wastes. Protection for the public over the next 10,000 years from the disposal of high-level and transuranic wastes. 4. Department of Transportation 49 CFR Parts 171 to 177.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix H Acronyms and Definitions
    Solid Waste Management Plan Appendix H Acronyms and Definitions APPENDIX H Solid Waste Management Plan Acronyms ACM Asbestos Containing Materials C&D Construction and Demolition CDL Construction, Demolition, Landclearing and Inert Waste CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations CY Cubic Yard Ecology Washington State Department of Ecology EDC (Spokane) Economic Development Council EPA (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency EPP Environmentally Preferable Purchasing EPR Extended Producer Responsibility HDPE High-Density Polyethylene HHW Household Hazardous Waste HWMA (Washington) Hazardous Waste Management Act LDPE Low-Density Polyethylene LQG Large Quantity Generators MFS Minimum Functional Standards for Solid Waste Handling MQG Medium Quantity Generators MRF Material Recovery Facility MRW Moderate Risk Waste MRW Plan Moderate Risk Waste Management Plan MSW Municipal Solid Waste MTCA Model Toxics Control Act NESHAP National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants NOC Notice of Construction NPL National Priorities List NSLF Northside Landfill NWPSC Northwest Product Stewardship Council OFM Office of Financial Management (State of Washington) ONP Old Newsprint PAYT Pay As You Throw PETE Polyethylene Terephthalate PS Polystyrene PSI Product Stewardship Institute PVC Polyvinyl Chloride H - 1 Solid Waste Management Plan RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RCW Revised Code of Washington RDC Regional Disposal Company RPWRF Riverside Park Water Reclamation Facility
    [Show full text]
  • DOE/EIS-0290 Advanced Mixed Waste Treatment Project (January 1999)
    DOE/EIS-0290 Advanced Mixed Waste Treatment Project (January 1999) COVER SHEET Responsible Agency: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Title: Advanced Mixed Waste Treatment Project (AMWTP) Final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) (DOE/EIS- 0290) Location: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) Contacts: For further information on this For further information on the environmental impact statement DOE National Environmental (EIS), call: Policy Act (NEPA) process, 1-800-708-2680 leave a message at: 1-800-472-2756 or contact: or contact: Ms. Carol Borgstrom Mr. John E. Medema Director AMWTP EIS Document Manager Office of NEPA Policy and Assistance (EH-42) DOE Idaho Operations Office Office of Environment, Safety 850 Energy Drive, MS 1117 and Health Idaho Falls, ID 83403 U.S. Department of Energy (208) 526-1407 1000 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20585 (202) 586-4600 Abstract: The AMWTP Final EIS assesses the potential environmental impacts associated with alternatives related to the construction and operation of a proposed waste treatment facility at the INEEL. The alternatives analyzed were: the No Action Alternative, the Proposed Action, the Non-Thermal Treatment Alternative, and the Treatment and Storage Alternative. The Proposed Action is the Preferred Alternative. Under the Proposed Action/Preferred Alternative, the AMWTP facility would treat transuranic waste, alpha-contaminated low-level mixed waste, and low- level mixed waste in preparation for disposal. After treatment, transuranic waste would be disposed of at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico. Low-level mixed waste would be disposed of at an approved disposal facility depending on decisions to be based on DOE’s Final Waste Management Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement.
    [Show full text]
  • Waste Transfer Stations: a Manual for Decision-Making Acknowledgments
    Waste Transfer Stations: A Manual for Decision-Making Acknowledgments he Office of Solid Waste (OSW) would like to acknowledge and thank the members of the Solid Waste Association of North America Focus Group and the National Environmental Justice Advisory Council Waste Transfer Station Working Group for reviewing and providing comments on this draft document. We would also like to thank Keith Gordon of Weaver Boos & Gordon, Inc., for providing a technical Treview and donating several of the photographs included in this document. Acknowledgements i Contents Acknowledgments. i Introduction . 1 What Are Waste Transfer Stations?. 1 Why Are Waste Transfer Stations Needed?. 2 Why Use Waste Transfer Stations? . 3 Is a Transfer Station Right for Your Community? . 4 Planning and Siting a Transfer Station. 7 Types of Waste Accepted . 7 Unacceptable Wastes . 7 Public Versus Commercial Use . 8 Determining Transfer Station Size and Capacity . 8 Number and Sizing of Transfer Stations . 10 Future Expansion . 11 Site Selection . 11 Environmental Justice Considerations . 11 The Siting Process and Public Involvement . 11 Siting Criteria. 14 Exclusionary Siting Criteria . 14 Technical Siting Criteria. 15 Developing Community-Specific Criteria . 17 Applying the Committee’s Criteria . 18 Host Community Agreements. 18 Transfer Station Design and Operation . 21 Transfer Station Design . 21 How Will the Transfer Station Be Used? . 21 Site Design Plan . 21 Main Transfer Area Design. 22 Types of Vehicles That Use a Transfer Station . 23 Transfer Technology . 25 Transfer Station Operations. 27 Operations and Maintenance Plans. 27 Facility Operating Hours . 32 Interacting With the Public . 33 Waste Screening . 33 Emergency Situations . 34 Recordkeeping. 35 Environmental Issues.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of the Risk Screening Assessment for the Mixed Waste Landfill, SWMU76
    Review of the Risk Screening Assessment for the Mixed Waste Landfill, SWMU76 By Marvin Resnikoff, Ph.D. Radioactive Waste Management Associates The following report was made possible with a grant from the Monitoring and Technical Assessment Fund (MTA) to assist in performing independent technical studies of the Mixed Waste Landfill (MWL), a hazardous waste site containing radioactive and chemical legacy wastes located at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). The funding, established as a part of a $6.25 million court settlement between the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and 39 nonprofit and environmental groups, assists tribes and other non-governmental organizations in conducting their own independent technical studies of sites at DOE facilities. Citizen Action commissioned Dr. Marvin Resnikoff, Radioactive Waste Management Associates, New York, to review Sandia National Laboratories’ risk assessment for the Mixed Waste Landfill and evaluate whether the objectives identified under the Phase 2 RCRA Facility Investigation to “determine thoroughly the contaminant source, define the nature and extent of contamination, identify potential contaminant transport pathways, evaluate potential risks posed by the levels of contamination identified, and recommend remedial action, if warranted, for the landfill” were satisfied. A copy of Dr. Resnikoff’s curriculum vitae is included with this report. “…the contaminant source has not been identified and the potential risks posed by the landfill have not been fully evaluated.” - Marvin Resnikoff, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • The Municipal Solid Waste Management System with Anaerobic Digestion
    energies Article The Municipal Solid Waste Management System with Anaerobic Digestion Przemysław Seruga Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland; [email protected]; Tel.: +48-713-680-872 Abstract: This study investigated the applied methods for the collection and treatment of an organic fraction of municipal solid waste with anaerobic digestion (AD), including the effects of selective waste collection system introduction. As the research area, data from a waste treatment plant, which collects waste from about 260,000 inhabitants, was used as the selected waste management plan. Biowaste stream management was emphasized. Thus, research on energy recovery and the characteristics of digestate (nutrient and heavy metals content) obtained from biowaste AD was performed. The results of the studies and their quantitative data were interpreted. A significant discrepancy between the assumptions and the actual situation was revealed (up to 20% year-on- year regarding biowaste). An underestimation of the amount of waste when planning was noted. AD ensures energy recovery from biowaste, which can cover facility electricity needs and material recovery. The digestate might find agricultural usage and become an ecological product. The content of nitrogen (1.5%dry matter), phosphorus (0.55%dry matter), potassium (1.0%dry matter), and organic carbon (16.0%dry matter) indicate a positive impact on crops. Furthermore, it can improve the economic balance, by replacing costs with sales revenues. Keywords: biogas; energy recovery; fermentation; organic waste; soil amendment; waste to energy Citation: Seruga, P. The Municipal Solid Waste Management System with Anaerobic Digestion.
    [Show full text]
  • Basic Solutions to Waste Management Issues That Will Bring Clean Culture in India
    E3S Web of Conferences 170, 0400 (2020)4 https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017004004 EVF'2019 Basic Solutions to Waste Management Issues That Will Bring Clean Culture in India Bharati Koot1 1305-Gulmohar Imperial, Dhayari, Pune - 411041, India Abstract. The latest population of India is around 1.37 billion and India ranks number two by population in the world. With the increasing population, the obvious thing, the waste generated per day continues to increase. India generates around 65 million tonnes of waste every year and out of which most of the part is not collected, remains untreated at landfills or open areas. This is ruining the beauty of India. And this is already impacting largely on environment, climate, soil, water bodies, national health, and tourism. That also means the waste in India is heading to largely affect the national economy and the global environment. This paper attempts to go back to the basics of human nature and habits, needs and mechanisms for shifting them for the context of waste management and anti-littering to bring clean India forward and contribute to preventing the global environmental crisis. 1 Introduction India generates around 65 million tonnes of waste every year and out of which most of the part is not collected, This section depicts the introduction to the topic of this remains untreated at landfills or open areas. Landfills are paper. the 3rd largest cause of greenhouse emissions in India Littering and poor waste segregation are a few of the [1]. They cause air, food, land, and water pollution. The key factors which make waste management difficult in toxic leachate generated at landfills and landfills India and everywhere.
    [Show full text]
  • CY2006 Cost Savings and Waste Reduction
    POTENTIAL POUNDS REDUCED, COST OF COSTS FOR WASTE DESCRIPTION TYPE OF PROJECT REUSED, RECYCLED OR WASTE TYPE RECYCLE, ESTIMATED COST SAVINGS PROJECT DESCRIPTION DETAILS * TREATMENT & CONSERVED IN 2006 PREVENTION DISPOSAL Recycling 528 $7,928 Allows spent aerosol cans to be recycled scrap metal rather than sent to WMD as 66 pounds of hazardous hazardous waste currently there are 8 units in use (F&O=5; CA=1; NSLS=1; BES Aerosol Can Disposal System waste per unit $900 $7,028 =1) Source Reduction 440 neutralized $2,120 Neutralizes non-hazardous para-formaldehyde, chlorix, bleach and rat blood approximately 55 gallons of non-haz Formaldetox waste. $0 $7,000 Substitution 20 $2,350 Approximately 20 lb of mercury-containing thermometers were removed from Replacement of BES Mercury BES laboratories during 2006. Savings are based on the cost of one mercury spill Thermometers Mercury $1,000 $1,350 and cleanup. Reuse 110 $1,755 Allows the reuse of approximately 50 liters of solvent and the cost savings of approximately 50 man-hours of labor HPLC Solven Recycler Hazardous Waste $2,675 $6,755 Recycling 50 $3,750 Collider Accelerator purchased a propane cylinder De-valver. If the cylinders were not de-valved they would have to go to a vendor for disposal at $75/cylinder. Once the valve is de-valved it can be recycled as scrap metal. Propane Cylinder De-Valver Hazardous Waste $950 $2,800 Waste Minimization 3,144 $67,600 This project was cost shared with Biology. This process avoids the use of 396 ft3 of rad waste; 35 radioactivity, and hence the avoidance of rad waste generation.
    [Show full text]
  • Treatment Residual Disposal Options
    TreatmentTreatment ResidualResidual DisposalDisposal OptionsOptions 1 OverviewOverview ¾¾ AcronymsAcronyms && AbbreviationsAbbreviations ¾¾ DisposalDisposal ConsiderationsConsiderations ¾¾ LiquidLiquid ResidualResidual TypesTypes ¾¾ SolidSolid ResidualResidual TypesTypes ¾¾ LiquidLiquid ResidualResidual DisposalDisposal OptionsOptions ¾¾ SolidSolid ResidualResidual DisposalDisposal OptionsOptions ¾¾ TransportingTransporting WasteWaste && WasteWaste BrokersBrokers ¾¾ AlternativesAlternatives 2 AcronymsAcronyms && AbbreviationsAbbreviations AA Activated Alumina BAT Best Available Technology CESQG Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generator CWA Clean Water Act DOT U.S. Department of Transportation ED/EDR Electrodialysis/Electrodialysis Reversal HMO Hydrous Manganese Oxide IX Ion Exchange LLRW Low Level Radioactive Waste LQG Large Quantity Generator NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System 3 AcronymsAcronyms && AbbreviationsAbbreviations PFLT Paint Filter Liquids Test POTW Publicly Owned Treatment Works RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act SQG Small Quantity Generator SSCT Small System Compliance Technology TBLLs Technically Based Local Limits TCLP Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring TENORM Radioactive Material UIC Underground Injection Control USDW Underground Source of Drinking Water 4 DisposalDisposal OptionsOptions DependDepend OnOn…… ¾¾ WasteWaste characteristicscharacteristics z LiquidLiquid oror solidsolid z TypeType andand concentrationconcentration ofof contaminantscontaminants
    [Show full text]
  • Press Release-97-043 NRC ISSUES FINAL TECHNICAL POSITION ON
    United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Public Affairs Washington, DC 20555 Phone 301-415-8200 Fax 301-415-2234 Internet:[email protected] No. 97-043 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE (Wednesday, March 19, 1997) NRC ISSUES FINAL TECHNICAL POSITION ON DISPOSAL OF RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED BAGHOUSE DUST The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is issuing guidance for the disposal of furnace dust and other related wastes at steel mills that have accidentally been contaminated with cesium-137, a radioactive material. Over the past decade, several incidents have occurred in which radioactive material used in industrial devices has been inadvertently mixed with scrap metal that was being recycled as part of the steel production process. If this radioactive material is not removed before the melting process, it can contaminate the steel facility's emission control system and the dust, which is collected in bag-type filters. The mixture of radioactive cesium with scrap material is caused by improper disposal of an industrial device containing radioactive material. Although many steel producers have installed radiation monitors to scan incoming shipments, the monitors do not always detect the cesium because of the shielding provided by its container or by the scrap metal. If the radioactive cesium slips through to the steel production process, some of it is converted to a gaseous form which, as it condenses, becomes part of the emission control dust. Altogether, steel producers across the country currently are storing more than 10,000 tons of contaminated dust and other incident-related materials. In most cases, this material is classified as mixed waste because it contains radioactive and other hazardous materials such as lead, cadmium and chromium that are common to the recycle metal supply.
    [Show full text]