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Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Right to Information CASE STUDIES ON IMPLEMENTATION Edited by Stephanie E. Trapnell Stephanie by Edited Right to Information CASE STUDIES ON IMPLEMENTATION Edited by Stephanie E. Trapnell 9005_00_Front Matter.pdf i 7/24/14 12:48 PM Project Leaders Victoria Lemieux and Robert P. Beschel Disclaimer—World Bank © 2014 The World Bank 1 818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org The fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Executive Directors of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any terri- tory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemi- nation of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Offi ce of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2422; e-mail: [email protected]. Contact Information This paper is available online at http://www.worldbank.org/publicsector/gpa/transparency. The RTI project leaders and volume editor may be contacted through this website. 9005_00_Front Matter.pdf ii 7/24/14 12:48 PM iii Right to Information Series The Right to Information Series brings forward current and ongoing research on issues related to transparency and the right to information. It aims to provide a range of information on policy, practice, experience, and frontier issues related to public sector openness and transpar- ency, including the underlying functions and outcomes of open government efforts. Project leader and Right to Information Series General Editor: Victoria Lemieux, vlemieux@ worldbank.org. Titles in the Right to Information Series Right to Information: Case Studies on Implementation (2014), edited by Stephanie E. Trapnell Right to Information: Requests and Appeals Data in RTI Systems (2014), by Jesse Worker with Carole Excell Right to Information: Recent spread of RTI legislation (2014), by Toby Mendel Right to Information: Identifying Drivers of Effectiveness in Implementation (2014), by Stephanie E. Trapnell 9005_00_Front Matter.pdf iii 7/24/14 12:48 PM 9005_00_Front Matter.pdf iv 7/24/14 12:48 PM v Contents Right to Information Series .............................................................. iii Acknowledgments ......................................................................vii Contributors ............................................................................ ix Introduction to the Volume ............................................................. xiii PART I INTRODUCTION........................................................... 1 Albania ................................................................................ 3 India ................................................................................... 49 Mexico ............................................................................... 103 Moldova .............................................................................. 151 Peru .................................................................................. 179 Romania .............................................................................. 235 Uganda ............................................................................... 275 United Kingdom ...................................................................... 317 PART 2 INTRODUCTION ......................................................... 361 Jordan ................................................................................ 365 South Africa .......................................................................... 419 Thailand .............................................................................. 475 United States ......................................................................... 539 9005_00_Front Matter.pdf v 7/24/14 12:48 PM 9005_00_Front Matter.pdf vi 7/24/14 12:48 PM vii Acknowledgments This volume is a result of a project undertaken by the World Bank Governance and Public Sector Management unit on the legal frameworks of right to information and accompanying implementation efforts in the public sector. It was funded in parts by the Bank Netherlands Partnership Program, the Governance Partnership Facility, and the Nordic Trust Fund on Human Rights. Anupama Dokeniya was responsible for the direction and completion of case studies in Part 1. A team at the World Resources Institute, led by Carole Excell and consisting of Elizabeth Moses and Jesse Worker, organized the production of the case studies in Part 2 and extensive data collection efforts. Thanks go to the following individuals for their guidance and support in completion of this project: Robert P. Beschel, Victoria Lemieux, Marijn Verhoeven, Francesca Recanatini, Marcos Mendiburu, Johanna Suurpaa, Piet van Heesewijk, and Toby Mendel. Contributions to the initial drafting of in-practice indicators were provided by Aisuluu Aitbaeva, Ayompe Ayompe, Daniel W. Barnes, Tammar Berger, Afroza Chowdhury, and Gary J. Reid through the Public Accountability Mechanisms (PAM) Initiative at the World Bank, and to the pilot indicators use in the Part 2 case studies by Shannon Alexander, Patrice McDermott, Saad Filali Meknassi, Somrudee Nicro, and the World Resources Institute team. Thanks also to Laura C. Johnson and Graham Colin-Jones for their editorial assistance. 9005_00_Front Matter.pdf vii 7/24/14 12:48 PM 9005_00_Front Matter.pdf viii 7/24/14 12:48 PM ix Contributors Shannon Alexander served as the Public Policy Fellow for OpentheGovernment.Org. Before her position with OTG, she practiced as an immigration attorney in Portland, OR and Washington DC. Shannon attended Wellesley College where she majored in English and Spanish. She earned her juris doctor from Washington University in St. Louis and her LL.M. in international human rights law from Lund University in Sweden. Yamini Aiyar is Director of the Accountability Initiative (AI) at the Centre for Policy Research, New Delhi. Prior to joining CPR Yamini was working as an independent consultant providing research and policy support to government, international donors and civil society organiza- tions on governance reform with a focus on issues related to strengthening accountability in basic service delivery. Yamini has an Msc in Development Studies from the London School of Economics, an MA in Social and Political Sciences from St. Edmunds College Cambridge University, UK and a BA in Philosophy from St. Stephen’s College, Delhi University. Nongpal Chancharoen has Bachelor degree in Biology from Chulalongkorn University and Master degree in Environmental Sciences from University of East Anglia, England. She served Thailand Environment Institute (TEI) as a project manager for more than 10 years. and a coordi- nator for the Sustainable Cities Resource Center (2005-2006) funded by the UN-Habitat. She is now a consultant for WWF-Thailand in the area of sustainable cities for a project called “Earth Hour City Challenge” with its objective to highlight positive examples of sustainable urban development from progressive cities around the globe. Anupama Dokeniya is a consultant on governance and accountability issues. She previously worked as a Governance Specialist in the Public Sector Governance Group at the World Bank. In her last position, Anupama worked on the implementation and monitoring of the Bank’s Governance and Anti-Corruption Strategy, and led analytical work on implementation of access to information reforms. She has also worked as a journalist and a consultant on infor- mation, communications, and technology (ICT) for Development, and led training programs for the media in many countries. She holds a Ph.D. in Communications and International Development from Cornell University. Sorin Ionit¸a˘ is president of Expert Forum (EFOR), a Bucharest-based think tank; lecturer at the Maastricht School of Management (MSM, Bucharest); and one of Romania’s civil society repre- sentatives in the European Economic and Social Committees (EESC), the Transport-Energy and Rural Development-Environment sections. Mr Ionit¸a˘ igraduated from the Bucharest Polytechnic Institute (MSc Engineering); Bucharest University (BA in Philosophy); CEU Budapest (MA in Political Science); and the National School of Government, Bucharest (SNSPA, PhD in Public Policy). He was a research fellow at Nuffi eld College, Oxford University (1999); and a Fulbright Fellow at Georgetown University, Washington DC (2000–2001). 9005_00_Front Matter.pdf ix 7/24/14 12:48 PM x RIGHT TO INFORMATION IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT Sergiu Lipcean is currently a PhD researcher at the Department of Political and Social Sciences of the European University Institute in Florence, Italy. He also holds a MA degree from Bologna University. Previously he worked for IDIS “Viitorul”, a leading Moldova’s think-tank,