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Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society .^'\^^«rT %•#> >vW^?*^i^ ^ixjrf-^ "t^^ -Sf^il * - . ^ / ^J 7'?A ll%.t ftbrarg of t^e glitseitm JOURNAL THE PROCEEDINGS THE LINNEAN SOCIETY. ZOOLOGY. VOL. VI. ..V LONDON: SOLD AT THE SOCIETY'S APARTMENTS, BURLINGTON HOUSE; ANU BY LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMANS AND ROBERTS, AND WILLIAMS AND NORGATE. 18G2. FRANCTR, PRINTED BV TAYLOR AND STREET. RRP l,ION COURT. FLEET — — LIST OF PAPERS. Page Bates, II. "W ., Esq. Contributions to an Insect Faima of the Ajnazon ^'alley. Lepi- doptera : Heliconince 73 Busk, George, F.R.S., Sec. L.S. Observations on some Skulls from Ceylon, said to be those of Veddahs 166 CoBBOLD, T. Spencek, M.D., F.L.S. Histological Observations on the Eye of the Cod-tish (3Iorrhua ndgaris), with especial reference to the Clioroid Gland and the Cones of the Retina 145 Couch, Jonathan, F.L.S. Note on the Occurrence of the Crustacean Sci/Ilarus Arctm in England 78 Laughrin, William, A. L.S. Observations on the Choice of Food in the Cod and Ling 165 LiNCECUM, Gideon, M.D. Notice on the Habits of the " Agricidtural Ant " of Texas .... 29 Macdonald, John Denis, R.N., F.R.S. On a New Genus of Tunicata occurring on one of the Bellona Reefs 78 Newton, Alfred, M.A., F.L.S. On the Possibility of taking a Zoological Census 23 Reeve, Lo\'ell, F.L.S. On the Structure of the Mantle in TestaceUa 1.53 Salter. S. James A., M.B., F.L.S., F.G.S. On the Cranial Charactt-r.^ of the Snake-Rat, new to the British Fauna 66 . IV Page bMiTH, Peedebick, Esq. Descriptions of some New Species of Ants from the Holy Laud, with a Synonymic List of others previously described 31 Catalogue of Plymenopterous Insects collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace in the Islands of Ceram, Celebes, Ternate, and Gilolo 3G Stainton, H. T., F.L.S. On the Abnormal Habits of some Females of the Genus Orgyia . 156 ViNEN, E. Hart, M.D., F.L.S. Description of a curious Form of Dipteroxis Larva 1 Walker, Francis, F.L.S. Catalogue of the Dipterous Insects collected at Gilolo. Ternate, and Ceram by Mr. A. R. Wallace, Avith Descriptions of New Species 4 Catalogue of the Heterocerous Lepidopterous Insects collected at Sarawak, in Borneo, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with Descrip- tions of New Species 82, 171 West, Tuffen, F.L.S. On certain Appendages to the Feet of Insects subservient to Holding or Climbing 2G Index 199 — JOURNAL OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON Description of a curious Form of Dipterous Larva. By E. Haet YiNEK, Esq., M.D., E.L.S. [Eead Feb. 21, 1861.] In the early part of the year 1855, while examining with the microscope some water taken from a pool near my house at Bays- water, I noticed some small animals moving about with an active wriggling motion, which, as I believe them to be peculiar, I ven- ture to introduce to the notice of the Society. They were very few in number, and I mounted some specimens in Canada balsam for future observation. My first casual examination gave me the idea that they were mere larval conditions of some insect ; a belief which was strength- ened by the most prominent feature of the animal—a beautiful tuft of hairs (possibly respiratory organs) at the tail—and under this impression they were put aside with some other objects, but in consequence of more pressing occupation were for a long time neglected. I have since consulted several entomologists, and finding their opinions to coincide with my own, I have thought it might be useful to give the following description : Body composed of thirteen segments, the four anterior compara- tively short ; cephalic joint narrow, truncated in front ; eye-spots LINN. PEOC.—ZOOLOGY. 1 2 DE. E. H. VINEN ON A. CURIOUS FOBM double, placed near the lateral margins and below the anterior third of the segment. Caudal segment furnished with twelve spines or setae, eight long and four short ; the former being retro- verted and disposed in pairs, alternating with the latter, whicb are somewhat nearer the extremity. In addition to these characters, I may remark that the head appears to be supplied with a complicated buccal apparatus, but the preservative medium has rendered the parts so transparent that I refrain from hazarding a precise description of its several parts. Moreover, in different examples these appearances are dis- similar, whilst the cephalic segment itself is proportionally longer in some cases than in others. The eye-spots are always distinct, more or less elongated, each evidently consisting of two separate pigment-masses, the line of demarcation being clearly defined. In the specimen figured a on the slide, the eyes are much more elongated and more uniform in outline ; being, nevertheless, thicker behind than in front. Connected with the eyes and buccal appa- ratus there are two laterally disposed muscular masses, which almost fill up the longitudinal halves of the cephalic segment. The buccal cavity itself is tolerably well defined, being funnel- shaped and apparently closed behind. The oesophagus takes its origin at the upper and back part of the sac, immediately behind a peculiar form of dental apparatus which guards the pharyngeal opening. This structure forcibly reminds one of the gastric teeth found in decapodous Crustaceans, and appears to consist of a central and two lateral horny pieces, which, acting upon one another, serve to comminute the food only partially broken up by the buccal organs. The intestinal canal can be traced through- out the entire series of segments, and on either side of it runs a conspicuous vessel filled with highly coloured blood. I have not observed any trace of reproductive organs, a circumstance which alone renders it highly probable that we have to do with a larval insect. The last or thirteenth segment is considerably narrower than those of the body proper. The eight long spines are jointed at the base, where they are comparatively thick, becoming gradu- ally attenuated towards the tip ; the segment itself is also slightly increased in breadth at the lower end. The length of each spine is somewhat less than that of the caudal segment, and fully four times longer than those of the smaller series placed nearer to the end of the segment ; these latter project at a right angle from the tip, and do not appear capable of retroversion. ; OF DIPTEE0U8 LAEVA. 3 In the above description I have pxirposely refrained from enter- ing into very minute particulars, owing to the imperfection observable in my preserved specimens. I have ventured, however, to relate these few particulars, hoping at some future time to analyse more accurately fresh and Kving examples, should I have the good fortune to meet with them. I cannot conclude these remarks without expressing my thanks to my friend Dr. T. Spencer Cobbold for his excellent drawings, from which the accompanying figures have been copied. ^32. yS' DESCRIPTION OF CUT AS REDUCED. Fig. 1. Three larvae (a, h, c), of the natural size. Fig. 2. The specimen marked c, X 8 diameters. Fig. 3. Cephalic segment of the specimen (marked a) : a, buccal cavity h, oesophagus ; c, pharyngeal teeth ; d, eyes ; e, muscles of the mouth and a double con- pharynx ; /, muscles to the eyes ; g, integument showing tour, X about 70 diameters. Feb. 2l9t, 1861. 1* ;; 4 MR. r. WALKEE ON DIPTEBA COLLECTED AT Catalogue of the Dipterous Insects collected at Gilolo, Ternate, and Ceram, by Mr. E. Wallace, with Descriptions of New Species. By Francis Walker, Esq., F.L.S. [Read Feb. 21, 1861.] GrlLOLO. Fam. TIPULID^, Haliday. Gen. LiMNOBiA, Meigen. The following species belongs to Meigen's Div. D. Bijptera, vol. i. p. 122, pi. 4. f. 15. 1. LiMNOBiA EUCHROMA. Fotm. Lsetc ochracea, antennis, abdominis fasciis quatuor pedibusque nigris, alls nigricantibus, halteribus apice nigris. Female. Bright ochraceous ; antenna; black, setaceous, submoniliform, minutely setose, a little longer than the head ; abdomen with four black bands, 2nd band much broader than the 1st and than the 3rd, the latter angular in front, 4th band much broader than the 2nd legs black, slender ; wings blackish ; veins and knobs of the halteres black. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 12 lines. Pam. STEATIOMID^, Saliday. Gen. Ptilocera, Wied. 2. Ptilocera 4-dentata, Fahr. See Vol. I. p. 7- Gen, Stratiomts, Qeoffr. 3. Stratiomys cinctilInea, n. s. Fcem. Nigra, capite anthracino nitente, peristomatis lateribus, antennis basi, scutelli dentibus duobus abdominisque margine flavescentibus, pedibus halteribusque flavis, alis subcinereis. Female. Black ; head coal-black, shining ; peristoma yellowish on each side ; antennae yellowish at the base, much shorter than the breadth of the head ; thorax with slightly gilded pubescence ; scutellum with two pale yellowish teeth ; abdomen with a narrower yellowish border legs and halteres yellow ; wings slightly cinereous ; veins black. Length of the body 4 lines ; of the wings 7 lines. Gen. Clitellaria, Meigen. 4. Clitellaria bivittata, Fabr. See Vol. L p. 7. Gen. Sarqus, Fabr. 6. Sargus tarsalis. Walk. See Vol. V. p. 274. 6. Sargus tibialis, Walk. See Vol. V. p. 273. GILOLO, TEBNATE, AND CERAM. 5 Gen. Massictta, Walk. 7. Massicyta cerioides, Walk. See Vol. III. p. 79- Gen. SoLVA, Walk. 8. SoLVA HYBOTOiDES, n. s. Mus et Fcem. Nigra, antennis basi pal- lide flavis, thoracis lineis lateralibus scutello abdomine pedibusque luteis (mas) aut flavis (foem.), abdominis disco foem. nigro, tibiis posticis nigris, alis cinereis. Male and Female. Black; mouth and palpi pale yellow; antennae lanceolate, shorter than the breadth of the head, pale yellow at the base ; thorax with a humeral callus and an elevated line along each side and the scutellum luteous in the male, pale yellow in the female ; 'pubescence slightly gilded ; abdomen luteous, disk black in the female, with the exception of the hind borders of the segments ; legs luteous in the male, pale yellow in the female; hind femora incrassated; hind tibiae black, curved ; middle tibiae black in the middle ; wings cinereous ; veins black ; halteres pale.
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