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Hotel Bintang Empat Di Kabupaten Kuningan, Jawa Barat

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Hotel Bintang Empat Di Kabupaten Kuningan, Jawa Barat HOTEL BINTANG EMPAT DI KABUPATEN KUNINGAN, JAWA BARAT 1Topaz Warim Putra 2 X. Furuhitho 1Universitas Gunadarma, [email protected] 2 Universitas Gunadarma, [email protected] Abstrak Wilayah Kabupaten Kuningan merupakan salah satu Daerah Tujuan Wisata (DTW) di Jawa Barat yang memiliki potensi wisata yang beragam dan menarik terdiri atas potensi alam, budaya, dan kreasi manusia lainnya. Pada kota ini terdapat tujuan wisata berupa gunung tertinggi di Jawa Barat yakni gunung Ciremai. Perkembangan dunia perhotelan sebagai akomodasi utama ODTW masih dinilai kurang di kota Kuningan, tercatat hanya terdapat dua hotel bintang 3 dari total 40 hotel yang ada, dan dinilai dari pertumbuhan jumlah hotel tercatat terdapat 37 hotel pada tahun 2014 dan 40 hotel pada tahun 2015 namun pertambahan pengunjung hotel meningkat 45%. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan hotel berbintang untuk mengakomodasi ODTW dan memenuhi kebutuhan pilihan pasar (hotel berbintang) yang juga akan menambah pemasukan daerah dan menambah jumlah lapangan pekerjaan demi meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dengan memanfatkan seluruh sumber daya pariwisata. Hotel bintang empat pertama didesain untuk memenuhi kebutuhan akomodasi pariwisata khususnya di kota Kuningan. Konsep ekologis yang ramah lingkungan dengan sentuhan detail etnis (seni lokal) akan menjadi salah satu ikon bangunan penunjang pariwisata yang mengundang investor dan wisatawan domestik dan mancanegara. Kata kunci : Hotel bintang empat, konsep ekologis FOUR STAR HOTEL IN KUNINGAN REGENCY, WEST JAVA Abstract Kuningan regency is one tourist destination areas (DTW) in West Java that has the potential draw a diverse and consists of potential natural, cultural, and other human creations. In this city there is a tourist destination in the form of the highest mountain in West Java Ciremai the mountain. The development of the world of hospitality as the main accommodation ODTW still considered lacking in Kuningan. Therefore, it is necessary to accommodate ODTW star hotels and meet the needs of market selection (star hotels), which will also increase local income and increase the number of jobs in order to improve the welfare of society to take advantage of all the resources of tourism. The first four-star hotel designed to meet the accommodation needs of tourism especially in the town of Kuningan. The concept of ecological friendly environment with a touch of detail ethnic (local art) 50 Putra, Furuhitho, Hotel Bintang... will be one of the iconic buildings that invite investors supporting tourism and domestic and foreign tourists. Keywords: Ecological concepts, Four star hotel PENDAHULUAN Indonesia adalah negara berkem- an.Tercatat hanya terdapat dua hotel bang dengan keragaman hayati yang bintang 3 dari total 40 hotel pada tahun tinggi tersebar di kepulauannya dengan 2015. Pada tahun 2014 terdapat 37 lebih dari 17.400 pulau. Sektor pariwi- hotel dan hanya bertambah menjadi 40 sata merupakan potensi terbesar untuk hotel pada tahun 2015. Hal ini tidak dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan de- seimbang dengan pertambahan pengun- visa khususnya untuk pembangunan jung hotel yang meningkat 45%. Atas ekonomi. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari jum- dasar ini, diperlukan hotel berbintang lah wisatawan asing maupun domestic untuk mengakomodasi ODTW dan me- yang jumlahnya meningkat dengan ber- menuhi kebutuhan pilihan pasar (hotel tambahnya tahun. berbintang). Hal ini juga akan menam- Wilayah kabupaten Kuningan bah pemasukan daerah dan menambah merupakan salah satu Daerah Tujuan jumlah lapangan pekerjaan untuk me- Wisata (DTW) di Jawa Barat yang ningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat memiliki potensi wisata beragam dan dengan memanfatkan seluruh sumber menarik, yang terdiri atas potensi alam, daya pariwisata. budaya, dan kreasi manusia lainnya. Pengembangan dan pengelolaan Pada kota ini terdapat gunung tertinggi sumber daya kepariwisataan perlu du- di Jawa Barat yakni gunung Ciremai kungan berbagai pihak dan pemangku dan tercatat pada tahun 2015 memiliki kepentingan (stakeholder) dalam pe- 40 hotel, 34 Obyek Daerah Tujuan nyelenggaraannya. Untuk itu dibutuh- Wisata (ODTW) dan 38 restoran dan kan sebuah hotel baru dengan konsep rumah makan dengan pengunjung do- desain yang inovatif yang akan menjadi mestik dan mancanegara. Dalam lapo- salah satu ikon bangunan penunjang ran dinas pariwisata dan kebudayaan pariwisata yang mengundang investor Kabupaten Kuningan mengenai data dan wisatawan domestik dan manca- kunjungan wisata hotel, Obyek Daerah negara. Tujuan Wisata (ODTW) dan rumah METODE PENELITIAN makan, jumlah total pengunjung pada tahun 2014 adalah 1.836.407 orang dan DESKRIPSI PROYEK pada tahun 2015 jumlah total peng- Jenis proyek ini adalah akomo- unjung meningkat lebih dari 50% yakni dasi yang menyediakan jasa pengina- 2.752.852 orang. Dalam hal ini jumlah pan yang berlokasi di daerah pegu- pengunjung hotel pada tahun 2014 ter- nungan atau pesisir pantai yang menya- catat 181.110 orang dan meningkat le- jikan berbagai sarana/prasarana rekrea- bih dari 45% pada tahun 2015 yakni si bagi pengguna penginapan. Lokasi 261.644 orang. berada di kecamatan Cigugur, kabupa- Perkembangan dunia perhotelan ten Kuningan, Jawa Barat, fungsi ba- sebagai akomodasi utama ODTW ma- ngunan komersial, akomodasi pariwi- sih dinilai kurang di kota Kuning- sata luas lahan 2,25 Ha. Peraturan Per- Jurnal Ilmiah Desain Konstruksi Volume 15 No. 1, Juni 2016 51 da RTRW Kab. Kuningan Tahun 2011- hingga ramah lingkungan mulai dari ta- 2031, KDB maksimal 70% KLB ke- hap pembangunan hingga masa pe- tinggian bangunan maksimal 3 lantai, nggunaan, bentuk lengkung khas alam GSB bagian depan bangunan 7-12 me- nan dinamis juga diterapkan dalam ter, bagian sisi dan belakang 4-8 meter bentuknya. Hal ini merupakan jawaban KDH minimal 30%, peruntukan kawas- sustainable desain yang bersinergi an akomodasi pariwisata, kawasan per- dengan alam sekitar. Desain bentukan mukiman. berbagai detail bangunan (pola/ ritme), konsep vegetasi hingga interior terins- Sejarah pirasi dari budaya dan hasil seni kriya Tapak terpilih berada di lahan se- local sehingga citra keseluruhan bangu- kitar jalan cigugur-kuningan. Terdapat nan terasa budaya daerah setempat. hotel melati 1 bernama hotel Purnama Penerapan tema dalam peran- di sepanjang jalan ini. Kawasan ini cangan akan terlihat pada penataan merupakan kawasan sekunder akomo- bentuk massa bangunan di dalam site, dasi DTW karena terdapat daerah bentuk detail bangunan seperti fasad obyek wisata pemandian cibulan, arsi- dan interior hingga pola ritme vegetasi tektur tradisional paseban, hutan kota yang merupakan suatu respon dari Bungkirit dan pusat kota kuningan da- potensi site sekitar. Penerapan tema ini lam radius 2 km. juga akan terlihat dalam zonasi massa yang menentukan sirkulasi bangunan Studi Banding berdasarkan hubungan antar kegiatan Berdasarkan studi banding pro- manusia yang ada di dalamnya, yang yek sejenis, dapat di kelompokkan peri- mengatur sirkulasi secara sederhana se- hal zona pada Hotel Resort ini menjadi hingga kualitas bangunan tercapai beberapa zoning, yaitu: dengan maksimal. a. Zona publik b. Zona non pubik ANALISIS c. Zona servis Proyek perancangan Hotel Bin- ELABORASI TEMA tang empat meliputi 4 aspek utama. Tema yang dipilih adalah eko- Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka penge- logi, “Eco” dan etnik “Ethnic” atau bi- lompokkan kegiatan terbagi menjadi 4 sa disebut istilah baru yakni “Econic” kelompok kegiatan. yang bermakna konsep bangunan ra- a. Kelompok Kegiatan Utama mah lingkungan dengan desain dan b. Kegiatan Administrasi & filosofi karakter local (khas daerah). Pengelola Bangunan dirancang mengguna- c. Kegiatan Penunjang kan teknologi modern (terbaru) se- d. Kegiatan Servis Gambar 1. Sirkulasi Alur Kegiatan 52 Putra, Furuhitho, Hotel Bintang... Gambar 2. Buble Diagram Makro Gambar 3. Buble Diagram Mikro Gambar 4. Analisa Lokasi site dalam peta secara mikro radius 1 km Gambar 5. Analisa Site Eksisting Jurnal Ilmiah Desain Konstruksi Volume 15 No. 1, Juni 2016 53 Gambar 6. Analisa kondisi eksisting KONSEP PERANCANGAN Tema ekologi “Eco” dan etnik ngunan ramah lingkungan dengan “Ethnic” atau bisa disebut istilah baru desain dan filosofi karakter local (khas yakni “Econic” bermakna konsep ba- daerah). Gambar 7. Konsep Tapak Gambar 8. Konsep Massa 54 Putra, Furuhitho, Hotel Bintang... Gambar 9. Konsep Akses Sirkulasi Gambar 10. Konsep Struktur HASIL RANCANGAN Grid utama berukuran 8x8 meter, berikut ini perhitungan perletakan ka- ditentukan berdasarkan ukuran ruang mar perzona. Ukuran kamar deluxe dan rata-rata 4x8 meter standar hotel standar terdapat beberapa yang sama, bintang empat, khusus ruang Ballroom sehinggasuatu saat bisa diupgrade kelas terdapat grid 8x16 meter, sesuai fungsi kamarnya mengikuti perkembangan ke- ruang yang lebih besar. butuhan pariwisata, namun penempatan Penempatan kamar berdasarkan pemandangan yang berbeda dan fasi- zonasinya yang dibagi berdasarkan litas yang berbeda, dari segi kontruksi orientasi pemandangan per kamarnya, hal ini juga akan memudahkan gridnya. Gambar 11. Zoning Ruang kamar Jurnal Ilmiah Desain Konstruksi Volume 15 No. 1, Juni 2016 55 Gambar 12. Denah Hasil Rancangan 56 Putra, Furuhitho, Hotel Bintang... Gambar 13. Tampak Bangunan Gambar 14. Perspektif bangunan Jurnal Ilmiah Desain Konstruksi Volume 15 No. 1, Juni 2016 57 Gambar 15. Perspektif bangunan KESIMPULAN tambang lokal, dirancang untuk efisien, sesuai dengan konsep ekologi. Dari perancangan hotel ini diha- Pola / ritme terinspirasi dari hasil silkan hotel yang terinspirasi dari bu- seni kriya local yang memberikan
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