Mechanisms of Dna Lesions And
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Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs During 2020–2024
IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs during 2020–2024 Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs during 2020–2024 CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 Acetaldehyde (CAS No. 75-07-0) ................................................................................................. 3 Acrolein (CAS No. 107-02-8) ....................................................................................................... 4 Acrylamide (CAS No. 79-06-1) .................................................................................................... 5 Acrylonitrile (CAS No. 107-13-1) ................................................................................................ 6 Aflatoxins (CAS No. 1402-68-2) .................................................................................................. 8 Air pollutants and underlying mechanisms for breast cancer ....................................................... 9 Airborne gram-negative bacterial endotoxins ............................................................................. 10 Alachlor (chloroacetanilide herbicide) (CAS No. 15972-60-8) .................................................. 10 Aluminium (CAS No. 7429-90-5) .............................................................................................. 11 -
National Center for Toxicological Research
National Center for Toxicological Research Annual Report Research Accomplishments and Plans FY 2015 – FY 2016 Page 0 of 193 Table of Contents Preface – William Slikker, Jr., Ph.D. ................................................................................... 3 NCTR Vision ......................................................................................................................... 7 NCTR Mission ...................................................................................................................... 7 NCTR Strategic Plan ............................................................................................................ 7 NCTR Organizational Structure .......................................................................................... 8 NCTR Location and Facilities .............................................................................................. 9 NCTR Advances Research Through Outreach and Collaboration ................................... 10 NCTR Global Outreach and Training Activities ............................................................... 12 Global Summit on Regulatory Science .................................................................................................12 Training Activities .................................................................................................................................14 NCTR Scientists – Leaders in the Research Community .................................................. 15 Science Advisory Board ................................................................................................... -
Inventory of Toxic Plants in Morocco: an Overview of the Botanical, Biogeography, and Phytochemistry Studies
Hindawi Journal of Toxicology Volume 2018, Article ID 4563735, 13 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4563735 Review Article Inventory of Toxic Plants in Morocco: An Overview of the Botanical, Biogeography, and Phytochemistry Studies Hanane Benzeid , Fadma Gouaz, Abba Hamadoun Touré, Mustapha Bouatia , Mohamed Oulad Bouyahya Idrissi, and Mustapha Draoui LaboratoiredeChimieAnalytiqueetdeBromatologie,FacultedeM´ edecine´ et de Pharmacie, Universite´ Mohamed V, Rabat, Morocco Correspondence should be addressed to Hanane Benzeid; [email protected] Received 10 December 2017; Revised 22 February 2018; Accepted 25 March 2018; Published 3 May 2018 Academic Editor: Orish Ebere Orisakwe Copyright © 2018 Hanane Benzeid et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Since they are natural, plants are wrongly considered nondangerous; therefore people used them in various contexts. Each plant is used alone or in mixture with others, where knowledge and the requirements of preparation and consumption are not mastered. Tus, intoxications due to the use of plants have become more and more frequent. Te reports of intoxications made at the Antipoison Center and Pharmacovigilance of Morocco (ACPM) support this fnding, since the interrogations sufered by the victimsshowthattheuseofplantsispracticedirrationally,anarchically, and uncontrollably. Faced by the increase of these cases of poisoning in Morocco, it seemed necessary to investigate the nature of poisonous plants, their monographs, and the chemicals responsible for this toxicity. 1. Introduction Tus, we thought it is necessary to study the nature of these poisonous plants and their monographs. Sinceimmemorialtime,thehumanhasusedplants,frstto feed himself and then to heal himself. -
Chemistry and Safety of Acrylamide in Food ADVANCES in EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE and BIOLOGY
Chemistry and Safety of Acrylamide in Food ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY Editorial Board: NATHAN BACK, State University of New York at Buffalo IRUN R. COHEN, The Weizmann Institute of Science DAVID KRITCHEVSKY, Wistar Institute ABEL LAJTHA, N. S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research RODOLFO PAOLETTI, University of Milan Recent Volumes in this Series Volume 553 BIOMATERIALS: From Molecules to Engineered Tissues Edited by Nesrin Hasirci and Vasif Hasirci Volume 554 PROTECTING INFANTS THROUGH HUMAN MILK: Advancing the Scientific Evidence Edited by Larry K. Pickering, Ardythe L. Morrow, Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacios, and Richard J. Schanler Volume 555 BREAST FEEEDING: Early Influences on Later Health Edited by Gail Goldberg, Andrew Prentice, Ann Prentice, Suzanne Filteau, and Elsie Widdowson Volume 556 IMMUNOINFORMATICS: Opportunities and Challenges of Bridging Immunology with Computer and Information Sciences Edited by Christian Schoenbach, V. Brusic, and Akihiko Konagaya Volume 557 BRAIN REPAIR Edited by M. Bahr Volume 558 DEFECTS OF SECRETION IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS Edited by Carsten Schultz Volume 559 CELL VOLUME AND SIGNALING Edited by Peter K. Lauf and Norma C. Adragna Volume 560 MECHANISMS OF LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION AND IMMUNE REGULATION X: INNATE IMMUNITY Edited by Sudhir Gupta, William Paul, and Ralph Steinman Volume 561 CHEMISTRY AND SAFETY OF ACRYLAMIDE IN FOOD Edited by Mendel Friedman and Don Mottram A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher. Chemistry and Safety of Acrylamide in Food Edited by Mendel Friedman Agricultural Research Service, USDA Albany, California and Don Mottram University of Reading Reading, United Kingdom Spriinge r Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chemistry and safety of acrylamide in food/edited by Mendel Friedman and Don Mottram. -
Towards Next Generation Risk Assessment of Chemicals: Bayesian
Towards next generation risk assessment of chemicals : bayesian meta-analysis of human variability in metabolism and transporters and application for the derivation of pathway-related uncertainty factors Keyvin Darney To cite this version: Keyvin Darney. Towards next generation risk assessment of chemicals : bayesian meta-analysis of human variability in metabolism and transporters and application for the derivation of pathway- related uncertainty factors. Toxicology. Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2020. English. NNT : 2020BRES0013. tel-03227086 HAL Id: tel-03227086 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03227086 Submitted on 16 May 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THESE DE DOCTORAT DE L'UNIVERSITE DE BRETAGNE OCCIDENTALE ECOLE DOCTORALE N° 605 Biologie Santé Spécialité : Toxicologie Par Keyvin DARNEY Towards next generation risk assessment of chemicals: Bayesian meta-analysis of Human variability in metabolism and transporters and application for the derivation of pathway-related uncertainty factors Thèse présentée -
PSYCHEDELIC DRUGS (P.L) 1. Terminology “Hallucinogens
PSYCHEDELIC DRUGS (p.l) 1. Terminology “hallucinogens” – induce hallucinations, although sensory distortions are more common “psychotomimetics” – to minic psychotic states, although truly most drugs in this class do not do so “phantasticums”or “psychedelics” – alter sensory perception (Julien uses “psychedelics”) alterations in perception, cognition, and mood, in presence of otherwise clear ability to sense” may increase sensory awareness, increase clarity, decrease control over what is sensed/experienced “self-A” may feel a passive observer of what “self-B” is experiencing often accompanied by a sense of profound meaningfulness, of divine or cosmic importance (limbic system?) these drugs can be classified by what NT they mimic: anti-ACh, agonists for NE, 5HT, or glutamate (See p. 332, Table 12.l in Julien, 9th Ed.) 2. The Anti-ACh Psychedelics e.g. scopolamine (classified as an ACh blocker) high affinity, no efficacy plant product: Belladonna or “deadly nightshade” (Atropa belladonna) Datura stramonium (jimson weed, stinkweed) Mandragora officinarum (mandrake plant) pupillary dilation (2nd to atropine) PSYCHEDELIC DRUGS (p.2) 2. Anti-ACh Psychedelics (cont.) pharmacological effects: e.g. scopolamine (Donnatal) clinically used to tx motion sickness, relax smooth muscles (gastric cramping), mild sedation/anesthetic effect PNS effects --- dry mouth relaxation of smooth muscles decreased sweating increased body temperature blurred vision dry skin pupillary dilation tachycardia, increased BP CNS effects --- drowsiness, mild euphoria profound amnesia fatigue decreased attention, focus delirium, mental confusion decreased REM sleep no increase in sensory awareness as dose increases --- restlessness, excitement, hallucinations, euphoria, disorientation at toxic dose levels --- “psychotic delirium”, confusion, stupor, coma, respiratory depression so drug is really an intoxicant, amnestic, and deliriant 3. -
The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants
medicines Review The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants William N. Setzer 1,2 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA; [email protected]; Tel.: +1-256-824-6519 2 Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA Received: 25 October 2018; Accepted: 8 November 2018; Published: 12 November 2018 Abstract: Background: Native Americans have had a rich ethnobotanical heritage for treating diseases, ailments, and injuries. Cherokee traditional medicine has provided numerous aromatic and medicinal plants that not only were used by the Cherokee people, but were also adopted for use by European settlers in North America. Methods: The aim of this review was to examine the Cherokee ethnobotanical literature and the published phytochemical investigations on Cherokee medicinal plants and to correlate phytochemical constituents with traditional uses and biological activities. Results: Several Cherokee medicinal plants are still in use today as herbal medicines, including, for example, yarrow (Achillea millefolium), black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), and blue skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora). This review presents a summary of the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and biological activities of Cherokee aromatic and medicinal plants. Conclusions: The list is not complete, however, as there is still much work needed in phytochemical investigation and pharmacological evaluation of many traditional herbal medicines. Keywords: Cherokee; Native American; traditional herbal medicine; chemical constituents; pharmacology 1. Introduction Natural products have been an important source of medicinal agents throughout history and modern medicine continues to rely on traditional knowledge for treatment of human maladies [1]. Traditional medicines such as Traditional Chinese Medicine [2], Ayurvedic [3], and medicinal plants from Latin America [4] have proven to be rich resources of biologically active compounds and potential new drugs. -
Common Poisonous Plants in Sri Lanka
COMMON POISONOUS PLANTS IN SRI LANKA ATHTHNA (THORN APPLE) Most poisonous flowers/ stem/ fruit/ leaves/roots Fatal dose: 50-75 seeds Botanical Name: Datura stramonium Toxin: Belladonna alkaloids (atropine, hyoscine and hyoscyamine) CIRCUMSTANCES OF DATURA POISONING Stupefying purpose Mixed with cigarettes produce state of unconsciousness to facilitate robbery & rape mixed with sweets (gingerly) robbery & rape Accidental poisoning: Children Suicidal Homicidal : very rare DATURA POISONING SIGNS & SYMPTOMS Produce characteristic manifestations of anticholinergic poisoning Dryness of mouth Autopsy findings Dysphagia Seeds in stomach & non specific Dysarthria features Diplopia Dry hot and red skin Drowsiness leading to coma Urinary retention Death : respiratory failure or cardiac arrhythmia DIVI KADURU (EVE’S APPLE) Most poisonous / latex/ fruit/ seeds Botanical Name: Pagiy antha dicotoma Botanical Name: Tabernaemanta dicotoma Toxin: alkaloids/ strychnine SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF DIVI KADURU POISONING White latex : inflammation of eye Ingestion : dryness of mucus membranes, thirst, dilataiton of pupils, rapid pulse, psychomotor disturbances, hallucinogenic effects. Autopsy findings Accidental poisonin g: Children Seeds in stomach & non specific Suicidal poisoning features GODA KADURU (BITTER NUT) Most poisonous: Seed (although all parts toxics) Fatal dose: 1-2 seeds Botanical Name: Strychnos nux vomica Toxin: alkaloids ( strychnine/ brucine) CIRCUMSTANCES OF GODA KADURU POISONING Strychnine injections are used to kill stray dogs/ -
RIFM Fragrance Ingredient Safety Assessment, Anisyl Alcohol, CAS Registry T Number 105-13-5 A.M
Food and Chemical Toxicology 134 (2019) 110702 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Food and Chemical Toxicology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodchemtox Short Review RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, anisyl alcohol, CAS registry T number 105-13-5 A.M. Apia, D. Belsitob, S. Bisertaa, D. Botelhoa, M. Bruzec, G.A. Burton Jr.d, J. Buschmanne, M.A. Cancellieria, M.L. Daglif, M. Datea, W. Dekantg, C. Deodhara, A.D. Fryerh, S. Gadhiaa, L. Jonesa, K. Joshia, A. Lapczynskia, M. Lavellea, D.C. Liebleri, M. Naa, D. O'Briena, A. Patela, T.M. Penningj, G. Ritaccoa, F. Rodriguez-Roperoa, J. Rominea, N. Sadekara, D. Salvitoa, ∗ T.W. Schultzk, F. Siddiqia, I.G. Sipesl, G. Sullivana, , Y. Thakkara, Y. Tokuram, S. Tsanga a Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA b Member Expert Panel, Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, 161 Fort Washington Ave., New York, NY, 10032, USA c Member Expert Panel, Malmo University Hospital, Department of Occupational & Environmental Dermatology, Sodra Forstadsgatan 101, Entrance 47, Malmo SE, 20502, Sweden d Member Expert Panel, School of Natural Resources & Environment, University of Michigan, Dana Building G110, 440 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 58109, USA e Member Expert Panel, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany f Member Expert Panel, University of Sao Paulo, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Pathology, Av. Prof. dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-900, Brazil g Member Expert Panel, University of Wuerzburg, Department of Toxicology, Versbacher Str. -
Ab Initio Chemical Safety Assessment
Ab initio chemical safety assessment : A workflow based on exposure considerations and non-animal methods Elisabet Berggren, Andrew White, Gladys Ouedraogo, Alicia Paini, Andrea-Nicole Richarz, Frédéric Y. Bois, Thomas Exner, Sofia Batista Leite, L. van Grunsven, Andrew P. Worth, et al. To cite this version: Elisabet Berggren, Andrew White, Gladys Ouedraogo, Alicia Paini, Andrea-Nicole Richarz, et al.. Ab initio chemical safety assessment : A workflow based on exposure considerations and non-animal meth- ods. Computational Toxicology, 2017, 4, pp.31-44. 10.1016/j.comtox.2017.10.001. ineris-01863939 HAL Id: ineris-01863939 https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-01863939 Submitted on 29 Aug 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Computational Toxicology 4 (2017) 31–44 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Computational Toxicology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/comtox Ab initio chemical safety assessment: A workflow based on exposure MARK considerations and non-animal methods ⁎ Elisabet Berggrena, , Andrew Whiteb, -
12 –Dimethylbenz(Α) Anthracene (DMBA) / Croton
TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Editorial II. Message from the PPhA President III. Pharmacy Practice a. Gender sensitivity in clinical pharmacy: a descriptive study on pharmacy students’ perspectives and gender-based patient characteristics – R. L. Salenga, A. D. Barcelona ….. b. Medication knowledge and attitudes towards professional collaboration among pharmacy assistants in Manila: a descriptive study – M.J. Bacayo, M.T. Gonzales, K. Z. Roque, R.L. Salenga ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. c. Retrospective Drug Utilization Study on NSAIDs in Osteoarthritic Elderly Patients in a Tertiary Government Hospital - K.C. Baguio, J.R. Mariano, M.B. Sagun, R.L. Salenga d. Assuring quality when sourcing pharmaceutical excipients – R.Marcuelo IV. Pharmaceutical Science a. Evaluation of 5-HT2A Receptor Agonistic Property of Elemicin – M.G. Cervantes, S.C. Co, E.B.King, M.K. Lacro, S.J.M. Lansan, K.A. Li, J.G. Apostol b. Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan/Polycaprolactone/k-Carrageenan Scaffolds – N.M.R. Ang, R.A. Guiterrez, R.M. Mendoza, J.C. Tan, J.L. Tan, F.E. Valmores, A. Bayquen c. The Efficacy of Musca Domestica (Muscidae) Larval Secretions in Debridement of Necrotic Wounds in Diabetic Rats – A.M. Abella, R.R. Balmes, M.V.C. Cambri, J. Cua, J. Del Prado, J. Apostol V. Undergraduate Research Journal (Pharmaceutical Science) a. The chemopreventive potential of crude leaf extract of Pak-Choi (Brassica rapa L. cv. Pak-choi Family Brassicaceae) in 7,12 –dimethylbenz(α) anthracene (DMBA) / croton oil-induced in vivo two-stage skin tumorigenesis in male ICR mice – S. Chua,F. Cobar, R. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Editorial II. Message from the PPhA President III. -
Poisonous Plants
Plants Poisonous Plants ACMT Board Review Course September 9, 2012 Thomas C. Arnold, M.D. 1 Special Acknowledgement • Thanks to Michelle Ruha and other previous presenters for their efforts on this topic. 2 Plants • Natural Products: 5% of tox boards – Includes food and marine poisonings, herbals, plants, fungi, toxic envenomations • ~ 5% of exposures reported to PCC each year, most in children < 6 years – Often a few deaths per year, but most reported exposures minor 3 1 Plants Plant Poisoning by Organ System • GI toxins • CNS toxins • Cardiovascular toxins • Multiorgan-system toxins • Hepatotoxins • Nephrotoxins • Endocrine toxins • Dermal and mucous membrane irritants 4 Lots of calls / Little threat • Euphorbia pulcherrima – Poinsettia • Ilex spp – Holly • Phoradendron spp – Mistletoe • Lantana spp • Spathiphyllum spp – Peace lily 5 • Ingestion of this plant may produce severe vomiting and diarrhea. Purple stains on fingers and a foamy quality to the diarrhea may provide a clue to the species of plant. Pokeweed AKA Phytolacca americana Toxin: phytolaccatoxin 6 2 Plants Phytolacca americana • Edible if parboiled • Root is the most toxic part, mature berries least toxic • Contains pokeweed mitogen – May see plasmacytosis • Supportive care 7 Wikivisual.com Solanum spp wiki • 1700 species; nightshade, potato • Poisoning usually from ingestion of immature fruit • Solanine glycoalkaloids – Usually produce GI irritant effects – Hallucinations and coma reported 8 Melia azedarach Toxin: meliatoxins Chinaberry9 3 Plants Chinaberry • Tree grows