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(35-22) 1392( Generic Endemism in South-West Asia: an Overview
رﺳﺘﻨﻴﻬﺎ Rostaniha 14(1): 22-35 (2013) (1392 22) 35- :( 14)1 Generic endemism in South-West Asia: an overview Received: 26.02.2013 / Accepted: 09.03.2013 F. Sales : Associate Prof., Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal ([email protected]) I.C. Hedge: Honorary Associate, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, Scotland, U.K. ([email protected]) Abstract A provisional list of all the endemic vascular plant genera in SW Asia is presented. The area, here defined to include Turkey, the Caucasus, N Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan and adjacent parts of Pakistan and Central Asia, has 161 genera restricted to it. By far, the greatest numbers of the endemic genera are in Apiaceae , Brassicaceae and Asteraceae ; many are morphologically isolated and occur at random throughout the area. Non-endemic genera with relevant distributions in the area are also discussed, several having a major concentration in Central Asia/Afghanistan and radiate westwards from there reaching a limit in SE Turkey/N Iraq. Also in these and other non-endemic genera, there are many species confined to the west (Turkey) or the east (Afghanistan) but very few are distributed throughout. The paper attempts to provide a framework for future research. It draws attention to the need for a more precise terminology in discussing phytochoria and questions the validity of many currently widely used terms including Irano-Turanian. Keywords: Central Asia, endemism, Irano-Turanian, phytogeography Introduction “L’Orient” of Boissier covered: (1) Greece and its islands and European Turkey; (2) Crimea, Transcaucasus and Caucasus; (3) Egypt to the first cataracts and the Arabian Peninsula till the line of the tropics; (4) Asia Minor, Armenia, Syria and Mesopotamia; (5) Persia, Afghanistan and Baluchistan and (6) S Turkestan to the line cutting the Aral Sea in two. -
Inventory of Toxic Plants in Morocco: an Overview of the Botanical, Biogeography, and Phytochemistry Studies
Hindawi Journal of Toxicology Volume 2018, Article ID 4563735, 13 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4563735 Review Article Inventory of Toxic Plants in Morocco: An Overview of the Botanical, Biogeography, and Phytochemistry Studies Hanane Benzeid , Fadma Gouaz, Abba Hamadoun Touré, Mustapha Bouatia , Mohamed Oulad Bouyahya Idrissi, and Mustapha Draoui LaboratoiredeChimieAnalytiqueetdeBromatologie,FacultedeM´ edecine´ et de Pharmacie, Universite´ Mohamed V, Rabat, Morocco Correspondence should be addressed to Hanane Benzeid; [email protected] Received 10 December 2017; Revised 22 February 2018; Accepted 25 March 2018; Published 3 May 2018 Academic Editor: Orish Ebere Orisakwe Copyright © 2018 Hanane Benzeid et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Since they are natural, plants are wrongly considered nondangerous; therefore people used them in various contexts. Each plant is used alone or in mixture with others, where knowledge and the requirements of preparation and consumption are not mastered. Tus, intoxications due to the use of plants have become more and more frequent. Te reports of intoxications made at the Antipoison Center and Pharmacovigilance of Morocco (ACPM) support this fnding, since the interrogations sufered by the victimsshowthattheuseofplantsispracticedirrationally,anarchically, and uncontrollably. Faced by the increase of these cases of poisoning in Morocco, it seemed necessary to investigate the nature of poisonous plants, their monographs, and the chemicals responsible for this toxicity. 1. Introduction Tus, we thought it is necessary to study the nature of these poisonous plants and their monographs. Sinceimmemorialtime,thehumanhasusedplants,frstto feed himself and then to heal himself. -
Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese -
A Search for Biologically Active Phytochemicals from Endemic Plants of the Southeastern United States
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1997 A Search for Biologically Active Phytochemicals From Endemic Plants of the Southeastern United States. Steven Lynn Robbs Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Robbs, Steven Lynn, "A Search for Biologically Active Phytochemicals From Endemic Plants of the Southeastern United States." (1997). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 6402. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/6402 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the m icrofilm master. U M I films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. Hie quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note wifi indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. -
PSYCHEDELIC DRUGS (P.L) 1. Terminology “Hallucinogens
PSYCHEDELIC DRUGS (p.l) 1. Terminology “hallucinogens” – induce hallucinations, although sensory distortions are more common “psychotomimetics” – to minic psychotic states, although truly most drugs in this class do not do so “phantasticums”or “psychedelics” – alter sensory perception (Julien uses “psychedelics”) alterations in perception, cognition, and mood, in presence of otherwise clear ability to sense” may increase sensory awareness, increase clarity, decrease control over what is sensed/experienced “self-A” may feel a passive observer of what “self-B” is experiencing often accompanied by a sense of profound meaningfulness, of divine or cosmic importance (limbic system?) these drugs can be classified by what NT they mimic: anti-ACh, agonists for NE, 5HT, or glutamate (See p. 332, Table 12.l in Julien, 9th Ed.) 2. The Anti-ACh Psychedelics e.g. scopolamine (classified as an ACh blocker) high affinity, no efficacy plant product: Belladonna or “deadly nightshade” (Atropa belladonna) Datura stramonium (jimson weed, stinkweed) Mandragora officinarum (mandrake plant) pupillary dilation (2nd to atropine) PSYCHEDELIC DRUGS (p.2) 2. Anti-ACh Psychedelics (cont.) pharmacological effects: e.g. scopolamine (Donnatal) clinically used to tx motion sickness, relax smooth muscles (gastric cramping), mild sedation/anesthetic effect PNS effects --- dry mouth relaxation of smooth muscles decreased sweating increased body temperature blurred vision dry skin pupillary dilation tachycardia, increased BP CNS effects --- drowsiness, mild euphoria profound amnesia fatigue decreased attention, focus delirium, mental confusion decreased REM sleep no increase in sensory awareness as dose increases --- restlessness, excitement, hallucinations, euphoria, disorientation at toxic dose levels --- “psychotic delirium”, confusion, stupor, coma, respiratory depression so drug is really an intoxicant, amnestic, and deliriant 3. -
The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants
medicines Review The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants William N. Setzer 1,2 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA; [email protected]; Tel.: +1-256-824-6519 2 Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA Received: 25 October 2018; Accepted: 8 November 2018; Published: 12 November 2018 Abstract: Background: Native Americans have had a rich ethnobotanical heritage for treating diseases, ailments, and injuries. Cherokee traditional medicine has provided numerous aromatic and medicinal plants that not only were used by the Cherokee people, but were also adopted for use by European settlers in North America. Methods: The aim of this review was to examine the Cherokee ethnobotanical literature and the published phytochemical investigations on Cherokee medicinal plants and to correlate phytochemical constituents with traditional uses and biological activities. Results: Several Cherokee medicinal plants are still in use today as herbal medicines, including, for example, yarrow (Achillea millefolium), black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), and blue skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora). This review presents a summary of the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and biological activities of Cherokee aromatic and medicinal plants. Conclusions: The list is not complete, however, as there is still much work needed in phytochemical investigation and pharmacological evaluation of many traditional herbal medicines. Keywords: Cherokee; Native American; traditional herbal medicine; chemical constituents; pharmacology 1. Introduction Natural products have been an important source of medicinal agents throughout history and modern medicine continues to rely on traditional knowledge for treatment of human maladies [1]. Traditional medicines such as Traditional Chinese Medicine [2], Ayurvedic [3], and medicinal plants from Latin America [4] have proven to be rich resources of biologically active compounds and potential new drugs. -
El Género Sclerocarpus (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) En México
Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 82: 51-61, 2011 El género Sclerocarpus (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) en México The genus Sclerocarpus (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) in Mexico José Luis Villaseñor* y Óscar Hinojosa-Espinosa Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México., Apartado postal 70-367, 04510 México, D. F., México. *Correspondencia: [email protected] Resumen. El género Sclerocarpus (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) está constituido por 8 especies, 7 de ellas presentes en el territorio mexicano. Este taxón se caracteriza por sus páleas, que al madurar se tornan gruesas, duras y encierran por completo a las cipselas formando estructuras llamadas esclerocarpos. Se presenta una sinopsis del género para México, una clave para la identificación de las especies y mapas de distribución de cada una de ellas. Palabras clave: Asteraceae, esclerocarpo, Heliantheae, México, Sclerocarpus. Abstract.The genus Sclerocarpus (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) comprises 8 pecies, 7 of them recorded in Mexico. It is characterized by its paleae, that become thick and hard when mature, and completely enclosing the cypselae, forming structures called sclerocarps. A synopsis of the genus in the country is provided, including distribution maps of the species and a key to their identification. Key words: Asteraceae, Heliantheae, Mexico, sclerocarp, Sclerocarpus. Introducción y Rhysolepis S.F. Blake (actualmente incluido en Viguiera Kunth). En estos taxones, las cipselas maduras también se encuentran envueltas por completo por sus páleas; sin El género Sclerocarpus Jacq. es un miembro de Helian- embargo, la envoltura paleácea es relativamente delgada, theae, la tribu más grande y diversa de la familia Asteraceae papirácea y de superficie rugosa o corrugada. En los 3 (Stuessy, 1977). -
Επίδραση Της Θερμοκρασίας Και Της Τοξίνης Cry1ab Του Bacillus
ΑΡΗΣΟΣΔΛΔΗΟ ΠΑΝΔΠΗΣΖΜΗΟ ΘΔΑΛΟΝΗΚΖ ΓΔΧΠΟΝΗΚΖ ΥΟΛΖ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΜΔΣΑΠΣΤΥΗΑΚΧΝ ΠΟΤΓΧΝ ΔΗΓΗΚΔΤΖ ΦΤΣΟΠΡΟΣΑΗΑ Δπίδξαζε ηεο ζεξκνθξαζίαο θαη ηεο ηνμίλεο Cry1Ab ηνπ Bacillus thuringiensis ζηελ βηνινγία ησλ Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) θαη Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) ΓΗΓΑΚΣΟΡΗΚΖ ΓΗΑΣΡΗΒΖ ΣΔΦΑΝΟ . ΑΝΓΡΔΑΓΖ ΓΔΧΠΟΝΟ Msc ΔΠΗΣΖΜΧΝ ΦΤΣΟΠΡΟΣΑΗΑ ΔΠΗΒΛΔΠΟΤΑ: θαζ. Μ. ΑΒΒΟΠΟΤΛΟΤ-ΟΤΛΣΑΝΖ ΘΔΑΛΟΝΗΚΖ 2009 Δπίδξαζε ηεο ζεξκνθξαζίαο θαη ηεο ηνμίλεο Cry1Ab ηνπ Bacillus thuringiensis ζηελ βηνινγία ησλ Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) θαη Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) ΣΔΦΑΝΟ . ΑΝΓΡΔΑΓΖ ΓΗΓΑΚΣΟΡΗΚΖ ΓΗΑΣΡΗΒΖ πνπ εθπνλήζεθε ζην Δξγαζηήξην Δθαξκνζκέλεο Εσνινγίαο θαη Παξαζηηνινγίαο, ηεο Γεσπνληθήο ρνιήο, ηνπ Αξηζηνηέιεηνπ Παλεπηζηεκίνπ Θεζζαινλίθεο ΣΡΗΜΔΛΖ ΤΜΒΟΤΛΔΤΣΗΚΖ ΔΠΗΣΡΟΠΖ Καζεγήηξηα Μ. αββνπνχινπ-νπιηάλε Δηζεγήηξηα Καζεγεηήο Γ. Κ. ηακφπνπινο Μέινο Καζεγήηξηα Δ. Παπαδνπνχινπ-Μνπξθίδνπ Μέινο ΔΠΣΑΜΔΛΖ ΔΞΔΣΑΣΗΚΖ ΔΠΗΣΡΟΠΖ Καζεγήηξηα Μ. αββνπνχινπ-νπιηάλε Δηζεγήηξηα Καζεγεηήο Γ. Κ. ηακφπνπινο Μέινο Καζεγήηξηα Δ. Παπαδνπνχινπ-Μνπξθίδνπ Μέινο Καζεγήηξηα Γ. Πξνθήηνπ-Αζαλαζηάδνπ Μέινο Καζεγεηήο Β. Η. Καηζφγηαλλνο Μέινο Δπηθ. Καζεγήηξηα Α. Φαληηλνχ Μέινο Δπηθ. Καζεγεηήο Ν. Παπαδφπνπινο Μέινο ΘΔΑΛΟΝΗΚΖ 2009 ηνπο γνλείο κνπ, ΠΔΡΗΔΥΟΜΔΝΑ ΔΤΥΑΡΗΣΗΔ .......................................................................................................... i ΠΔΡΗΛΖΦΖ ............................................................................................................. iii SUMMARY -
150 © Амурский Зоологический Журнал. Vii(2), 2015. 150-153
© Амурский зоологический журнал. VII(2), 2015. 150-153 Accepted: 11.05. 2015 УДК 595.782 © Amurian zoological journal. VII(2), 2015. 150-153 Published: 30.06. 2015 ОБЗОР ШИРОКОКРЫЛЫХ ОГНЕВОК (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE, PYRAUSTINAE) ЮЖНОЙ ЧАСТИ АМУРО-ЗЕЙСКОГО МЕЖДУРЕЧЬЯ А.Н. Стрельцов [Streltzov A.N. The review of pyraustid moths (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Pyraustinae) of the southern Amur-Zeya interfluve plain] Кафедра биологии, Благовещенский государственный педагогический университет, ул. Ленина, 104, г. Благовещенск, 675000, Россия. E-mail: [email protected] Department of Biology, Blagoveshchensk State Pedagogical University, Lenina str., 104, Blagoveshchensk, 675000, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Ключевые слова: огневки, Pyraloidea, Crambidae, Pyraustinae, фауна, Амуро-Зейское междуречье, Дальний Восток России Key words: Pyraloidea, Crambidae, Pyraustinae, fauna, Amur-Zeya plain, Russian Far East Резюме. Для территории Амуро-Зейского междуречья приводится 76 видов ширококрылых огневок, относящих- ся к 35 родам из 5 триб. Впервые для территории Амурской области приводится 10 видов – Anania (Anania) egentalis (Christoph, 1881), Uresiphita gilvata (Fabricius, 1794), Ostrinia latipennis (Warren, 1892), Patania expictalis (Christoph, 1881), Nosophora maculalis (Leech, 1889), Herpetogramma luctuosalis (Guenée, 1854), Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius, 1775), Aripana lactiferalis (Walker, 1859), Botyodes diniasalis (Walker, 1859) и Maruca vitrata (Fabricius, 1787). Для структуры фауны характерно наличие двух примерно равновесных ареалогических -
Philipp Simon Massimo Iorizzo Dariusz Grzebelus Rafal Baranski Editors the Carrot Genome Compendium of Plant Genomes
Compendium of Plant Genomes Philipp Simon Massimo Iorizzo Dariusz Grzebelus Rafal Baranski Editors The Carrot Genome Compendium of Plant Genomes Series Editor Chittaranjan Kole, ICAR-National Research Center on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa, Raja Ramanna Fellow, Government of India, New Delhi, India [email protected] Philipp Simon • Massimo Iorizzo • Dariusz Grzebelus • Rafal Baranski Editors The Carrot Genome 123 [email protected] Editors Philipp Simon Massimo Iorizzo Vegetable Crops Research Unit Plants for Human Health Institute USDA-ARS North Carolina State University Madison, WI, USA Kannapolis, NC, USA Dariusz Grzebelus Rafal Baranski University of Agriculture in Krakow Faculty of Biotechnology and Kraków, Poland Horticulture University of Agriculture in Krakow Kraków, Poland ISSN 2199-4781 ISSN 2199-479X (electronic) Compendium of Plant Genomes ISBN 978-3-030-03388-0 ISBN 978-3-030-03389-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03389-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019934354 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. -
Flora Mediterranea 26
FLORA MEDITERRANEA 26 Published under the auspices of OPTIMA by the Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum Palermo – 2016 FLORA MEDITERRANEA Edited on behalf of the International Foundation pro Herbario Mediterraneo by Francesco M. Raimondo, Werner Greuter & Gianniantonio Domina Editorial board G. Domina (Palermo), F. Garbari (Pisa), W. Greuter (Berlin), S. L. Jury (Reading), G. Kamari (Patras), P. Mazzola (Palermo), S. Pignatti (Roma), F. M. Raimondo (Palermo), C. Salmeri (Palermo), B. Valdés (Sevilla), G. Venturella (Palermo). Advisory Committee P. V. Arrigoni (Firenze) P. Küpfer (Neuchatel) H. M. Burdet (Genève) J. Mathez (Montpellier) A. Carapezza (Palermo) G. Moggi (Firenze) C. D. K. Cook (Zurich) E. Nardi (Firenze) R. Courtecuisse (Lille) P. L. Nimis (Trieste) V. Demoulin (Liège) D. Phitos (Patras) F. Ehrendorfer (Wien) L. Poldini (Trieste) M. Erben (Munchen) R. M. Ros Espín (Murcia) G. Giaccone (Catania) A. Strid (Copenhagen) V. H. Heywood (Reading) B. Zimmer (Berlin) Editorial Office Editorial assistance: A. M. Mannino Editorial secretariat: V. Spadaro & P. Campisi Layout & Tecnical editing: E. Di Gristina & F. La Sorte Design: V. Magro & L. C. Raimondo Redazione di "Flora Mediterranea" Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum, Università di Palermo Via Lincoln, 2 I-90133 Palermo, Italy [email protected] Printed by Luxograph s.r.l., Piazza Bartolomeo da Messina, 2/E - Palermo Registration at Tribunale di Palermo, no. 27 of 12 July 1991 ISSN: 1120-4052 printed, 2240-4538 online DOI: 10.7320/FlMedit26.001 Copyright © by International Foundation pro Herbario Mediterraneo, Palermo Contents V. Hugonnot & L. Chavoutier: A modern record of one of the rarest European mosses, Ptychomitrium incurvum (Ptychomitriaceae), in Eastern Pyrenees, France . 5 P. Chène, M. -
Ghaffari, SM 7984L210: Chromosome Number and Meiosis in 155-158
CHROMOSOME NUMBER AND MEIOSIS IN SCLERORHACHIS RECHTNGERI (COMPOSTTAE) S. M. Ghaffari Ghaffari, S.M. 7984L210: Chromosome number and meiosis in Sclerorhachis rechingeri (Compoitae).- Iran. journ. Bot. 2(2): 155-158. Tehran. The chromosomic studies on the species of Sclerorhachis rech- ingeri Iranshahr (2n=18) which is endemic to the north-eastern part of Iran has been caried out and the results are presented. Seyyed Mahmood Ghaffari, Institute of Biochemistry and Biop- hysic, Uniuersity of Tehran, P.O.Box 31-1700, Tehran, Iran. Sclerorhachis rechingeri (Compositae) a:tS ,tr )9,"_e sessrtf re g;rt . .19* t,, * ',l Sclerorhachis rechingeri Iranshahr o;95 orl-.rs tgily:f -UtL (,. ss 5*"o19,-oT6-t::9 o.u pt+;l .-t crlrl d-p Jk 6rt-l a;rS aS 156 S" M. Ghaffari IRAN. JOURN. BOT.2(2), 7984 Introduction The author in a expedition to the pro- vince Khorasan, Iran in late spring 1978 for collecting plant specimens and cyto- logical material came across to a plant species which later identified as Sclero- rhachis rechingeri Iranshahr. This species in fact described and published by M. Iranshahr (1979) after my collection.The exact location where plant material for the cytogenetic and chromosome study of this species was collected is: Province Khorasan, 10 km S. of Robat-e Sefid (Sarcheshmeh Telecommunication Sta- tion), between Mashhad and Torbat-e Heydarieh. Three other species of this genus have so far been known, these includes: S. polysphaera Rech.f. which is endemic to central Afghanistan, S. caulescens (Ai- tch.& Hems.) Rech.f. which is endemic to western Afghanistan and S.