Regeneration of Soils and Ecosystems: the Opportunity to Prevent Climate Change
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Holistic Grazing Planning and Reciprocal Grazing Agreements Approach
Holistic Grazing Planning and Reciprocal grazing agreements approach Enhancing sustainable Natural Resource Management in Pastoralists Dry lands areas EUROPEAN COMMISSION Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Holistic Grazing Planning and Reciprocal grazing agreements approach Enhancing sustainable Natural Resource Management in Pastoralists Dry lands areas Contributors Part 1: Holistic Management - Field Manual & Application. The original manual was written by Craig Leggett / Leggett Consulting, USA www. leggettconulting.com for The Savory Institute, October, 2009 www.savoryinstitute.com The current publication version was revised based on facilitation guidelines for Holistic Management, and field experiences (successes and lessons learned) from VSF Germany staff – Eunice Obala, Andreas Jenet and Amos Gony, OBUFIELD Consultancy Team, VSF Belgium, VSF Suize – Illona Cleucks and Jeremy Akumu with Technical inputs on Holistic Management from Grevys Zebra Trust, Kenya www.grevyszebratrust.com with further input from Natural Capital East Africa www.naturalcapital.co.ke Part 2: Shared resource use practices in pastoral areas-Reciprocal grazing agreements approach Authors; Eunice Obala, Andreas Jenet Fernando Garduno Janz Lorika Yusuf Vétérinaires sans Frontières - Germany Nairobi, Kenya 2012 Disclaimer: This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Commission. The views expressed herein should not be taken, in any way, to reflect the official opinion of the European Commission. ISBN 978-9966-754-05-9 Works cited Butterfield, Jody, Sam Bingham, and Allan Savory, 2006. Holistic Management Handbook: Healthy Land, Healthy Profits. 1st ed. Island Press. Hall, John, 2002. Bespectacled Crocodile: Outreach Manual For Pastoral Communities. West Africa Pilot Pastoral Program. http://www.managingwholes.com/crocodile/ Savory, Allan, and Jody Butterfield, 1998. -
Soil Regeneration Increases Crop Nutrients, Antioxidants and Adaptive Responses
MOJ Food Processing & Technology Research Article Open Access Soil regeneration increases crop nutrients, antioxidants and adaptive responses Abstract Volume 6 Issue 2 - 2018 Since 1981, the Rodale Farming Systems Trial (RFST) differentiated organic (org) from conventional (con) farming systems showing that org systems can have a transformative Paul Reed Hepperly,1 Emmanual Omondi,2 potential to increase soil quality. On the other hand, throughout the RFST history, con Rita Seidel1 system never increased soil organic carbon (SOC) nor soil nitrogen, (SON). During the 1Department of plant pathology, The Rodale Institute, USA first 5 years, org systems were increased significantly (p = 0.05) for SOC and SON. Organic 2Director of the Farming Systems Trial, The Rodale Institute, farming systems do not employ org restricted inputs i.e. synthetic fertilizers and pesticides USA instead they relied on biologically based inputs such as cover crops, extended legume rotation and organic amendment. Conventional system used recommended fertilizer and Correspondence: Paul Reed Hepperly, Department of plant herbicide without biological based inputs. Both Org systems, significantly increased both pathology, The Rodale Institute, Kutztown, 611 Siegfriedale Road, SOC and SON but were not statistically different from each other. Increased SOC and Pennsylvania, USA, Email [email protected] SON opened a research venue supporting testing hypotheses of how soil improvement can affect i) crop nutrition ii) disease reactions and iii) adaptability. Unique org and con Received: March 06, 2018 | Published: March 26, 2018 system legacies allowed effective SOC/SON differentiations and comparison. Different soil levels were compared under the same location and same genotypes eliminated confounding factors to better evaluate the effect of the differentiated soil condition. -
Silvicultural Systems and Regeneration Methods: Current Practices and New Alternatives 153
Silvicultural Systems and 9 Regeneration Methods: Current Practices and New Alternatives John C. Tappeiner, Denis Lavender, Jack Walstad, Robert O. Curtis, and Dean S. DeBell Development of Regeneration Practices 151 Early Logging Practices and Regeneration Methods 152 Studies of Natural Regeneration Processes 153 Artificial ConiferRegeneration 154 Producing Stands of Diverse Structures and Habitats 156 At Harvest 156 Young Stand Establishment 158 Regeneration inYoung to Mature Stands 158 Natural Succession 159 Conclusion 160 Literature Oted 160 In this chapter, we discuss silvicuItural systems and objective 1, and considerable wildlife habitat and regeneration methods to meet the needs of society other values can be provided while producing rela over the next several decades. We begin with a brief tively high yields of wood under objective 2. The history of silvicuItural systems and what we have knowledge and skills are available to pursue both ob learned about forest regeneration.in the Pacific jectives effectively. Moreover, many ownerswill likely Northwest. We then discuss how regeneration meth manage their forests under both approaches. ods might evolve over the next several decades. We believe that the practice of silviculture gen erally will be applied to two different forest man Development of Regeneration Practices agement philosophies and objectives, providing (1) old-forest characteristics and (2) wood production. Traditional methods for regenerating forests as part Significant amounts of wood can be produced under of a timber harvest fall into two broad categories: (1) 151 152 Section ll. Silvicultural Systems and Management Concerns even-age management systems, which include clear drew heavily on European experience and called for cutting, shelterwood, and seed-tree methods, and (2) intensive practices and detailed stand analyses. -
Analysis of Habitat Fragmentation and Ecosystem Connectivity Within the Castle Parks, Alberta, Canada by Breanna Beaver Submit
Analysis of Habitat Fragmentation and Ecosystem Connectivity within The Castle Parks, Alberta, Canada by Breanna Beaver Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Environmental Science Program YOUNGSTOWN STATE UNIVERSITY December, 2017 Analysis of Habitat Fragmentation and Ecosystem Connectivity within The Castle Parks, Alberta, Canada Breanna Beaver I hereby release this thesis to the public. I understand that this thesis will be made available from the OhioLINK ETD Center and the Maag Library Circulation Desk for public access. I also authorize the University or other individuals to make copies of this thesis as needed for scholarly research. Signature: Breanna Beaver, Student Date Approvals: Dawna Cerney, Thesis Advisor Date Peter Kimosop, Committee Member Date Felicia Armstrong, Committee Member Date Clayton Whitesides, Committee Member Date Dr. Salvatore A. Sanders, Dean of Graduate Studies Date Abstract Habitat fragmentation is an important subject of research needed by park management planners, particularly for conservation management. The Castle Parks, in southwest Alberta, Canada, exhibit extensive habitat fragmentation from recreational and resource use activities. Umbrella and keystone species within The Castle Parks include grizzly bears, wolverines, cougars, and elk which are important animals used for conservation agendas to help protect the matrix of the ecosystem. This study identified and analyzed the nature of habitat fragmentation within The Castle Parks for these species, and has identified geographic areas of habitat fragmentation concern. This was accomplished using remote sensing, ArcGIS, and statistical analyses, to develop models of fragmentation for ecosystem cover type and Digital Elevation Models of slope, which acted as proxies for species habitat suitability. -
Effects of Afforestation on Soil Structure Formation in Two Climatic Regions Of
JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE, 61, 2015 (5): 225–234 doi: 10.17221/6/2015-JFS Eff ects of aff orestation on soil structure formation in two climatic regions of the Czech Republic V. Podrázský1, O. Holubík2, J. Vopravil2, T. Khel2, W.K. Moser3, H. Prknová1 1Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic 2Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Department of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, Prague-Zbraslav, Czech Republic 3U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of agricultural land afforestation on soil characteristics. Two sites in two regions of the Czech Republic were evaluated, at lower as well as higher submountain elevations: in the regions of the Orlické hory Mts. and Kostelec nad Černými lesy, afforested, arable and pasture lands were com- pared for basic chemical and physical characteristics. It was determined: pH, CEC, exchangeable nutrients, SOC, bulk density, volume density, porosity (differentiated by pore size), water conductivity and soil aggregate stability. This study demonstrated the important influence of previous land use upon soil characteristics. The characteristics of the arable horizon can persist for many years; in forests, the mineral horizons (15–30 cm) can persist within 15–30 years after afforestation. Afforestation, which caused an increase in soil porosity by decreasing reduced bulk density and increasing capillary and gravitational pores (increasing the water-holding capacity and soil air capacity), is important for maintaining the soil stability. The positive effect on infiltration and retention capacity resulted not only from the presence of a forest overstorey, but also from the presence of permanent grass cover of pasture land. -
Effect of Forest Fire on Tree Diversity and Regeneration Potential in a Tropical
Verma et al. Ecological Processes (2017) 6:32 DOI 10.1186/s13717-017-0098-0 RESEARCH Open Access Effect of forest fire on tree diversity and regeneration potential in a tropical dry deciduous forest of Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India Satyam Verma, Dharmatma Singh, Sathya Mani and Shanmuganathan Jayakumar* Abstract Introduction: The study was conducted in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, in the Western Ghats to understand the effect of a single fire event on tree diversity and regeneration status. Four forest patches were selected which were unburned, 2-year-old burn, 5-year-old burn, and 15-year-old burn. Three 0.1 ha square plots were laid randomly in all four patches and analyzed for tree diversity, stand structure, and regeneration of tree species. Results: A total of 4129 individuals of tree species were recorded in field surveys, comprising 3474 seedlings, 121 saplings, and 534 trees. Totally, 40 tree species were recorded in study plots, from which 28 species were seedlings, 16 species were saplings, and 37 species were at tree stages. Conclusions: Tree diversity decreased in 2-year-old and 5-year-old burnt plots and was reached to the level of unburnt plots in 15 years of interval. Stems of small size classes started increasing after the fire. Seedling density increased linearly in subsequent years after fire but sapling and tree density recorded less than control in B2 but was higher in B5 and B15. The overall fire affected diversity, but regeneration showed a positive trend. Keywords: Dry deciduous forest, Forest fire, Fire mapping, Regeneration, Western Ghats Introduction seeds near the soil surface (Balch et al. -
Seral Stages
WHITE PAPER USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region Umatilla National Forest White Paper F14-SO-WP-Silv-10 November 2012 A Stage Is A Stage Is A Stage…Or Is It? Successional Stages, Structural Stages, Seral Stages David C. Powell; Forest Silviculturist Umatilla National Forest; Pendleton, OR Initial Version: APRIL 1996 INTRODUCTION A landmark book called “Wildlife Habitats in Managed Forests: the Blue Mountains of Oregon and Washington” was published in 1979 (Thomas 1979). This book examined the effects of management activities on wildlife habitat, particularly the impact of timber management practices on large, free-ranging ungulates (e.g., deer and elk). Among other things, the Blue Mountains book also attempted to correlate wildlife habitat with vegetation seral status by using a successional stage classification system. As a result of the book’s popularity with natural resource managers, use of its succes- sional stage classification became common in the Blue Mountains (fig. 1). Shortly after publication of the Wildlife Habitats book, the Umatilla National Forest ini- tiated a planning process in response to the National Forest Management Act of 1976. The planning process consumed an entire decade and culminated with publication of a Land and Resource Management Plan (e.g., Forest Plan) in 1990 (USDA Forest Service 1990). The Land and Resource Management Plan (Forest Plan) for the Umatilla National Forest (USDA Forest Service 1990) established specific standards related to seral (suc- cessional) stages for three management allocation areas (A10, C4, and E2). The seral stage system used in the Forest Plan is the same as the successional stage system de- scribed in the Wildlife Habitats book (Thomas 1979). -
Assessing the Role of Soils When Developing Sustainable Agricultural Production Systems Focused on Achieving the UN-Sdgs and the EU Green Deal
Review Assessing the Role of Soils When Developing Sustainable Agricultural Production Systems Focused on Achieving the UN-SDGs and the EU Green Deal Johan Bouma 1,*,† , Teresa Pinto-Correia 2 and Cees Veerman 3,4,5,6,† 1 Department of Soil Science, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands 2 MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra Gab. 206, Edificio dos Regentes Agrícolas, Apartado 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal; [email protected] 3 Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Tilburg University, 5037 AB Tilburg, The Netherlands; [email protected] 4 Department of Economic and Social Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands 5 Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands 6 Department of Economic and Social Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands * Correspondence: [email protected] † They are Prof. Emeritus. Abstract: The general concept of sustainable development has been specified in terms of goals, targets, and indicators by the UN Sustainable Development Goals, adopted in 2015, followed by the Green Deal of the European Union in 2019. The focus on targets and indicators does, however, not address the issue as to how these goals can be achieved for land-related SDGs in the real world, and Citation: Bouma, J.; Pinto-Correia, T.; attention in this paper is therefore focused on how land management can contribute to providing Veerman, C. Assessing the Role of ecosystem services in line with the aims of the SDGs and the Green Deal. Agricultural production Soils When Developing Sustainable systems should at least produce healthy food (SDG2 and 3), protect ground- and surface water Agricultural Production Systems quality (SDG6), mitigate climate change (SDG13), avoid soil degradation, and support biodiversity Focused on Achieving the UN-SDGs (SDG15). -
A Global Strategy for Addressing Climate Change 1
A Global Strategy for Addressing Global Climate Change by Allan Savory Allan Savory, recipient of the 2003 Australian International Banksia Award for the person or organization doing the most for the environment on a global scale, wrote the book ""Holistic Management: A New Framework for Decision Making" (Island Press 1999) with his wife Jody Butterfield. He is one of the few scientists who have worked on global environmental malfunction for half a century from a holistic point of view, a viewpoint that is now gaining increasing acceptance with the growing awareness of global climate change. In 2010 Savory’s work in Zimbabwe, demonstrating the reversal of desertification using increased livestock, won the Buckminster Fuller Challenge Prize for the strategy offering the most hope for dealing with humanity’s most pressing issues. A Global Strategy for Addressing Climate Change 1 Executive Summary. Introduction A Two-Path Strategy is Essential for Combating Combat Climate Change 1. High Technology Path. This path, based on mainstream reductionist science, is urgent and vital to the development of alternative energy sources to reduce or halt future emissions. 2. Low Technology Path. This path based on the emerging relationship science or holistic world view is vital for resolving the problem of grassland biomass burning, desertification and the safe storage of CO2, (legacy load) of heat trapping gases that already exist in the atmosphere. Part 1. Is the Climate Really Changing? • How can biodiversity loss, desertification and climate change -
Soil Capital
About Soil Capital Soil Capital is a farm management and independent agronomy company, with activities across Europe, Latin America and beyond. As a team of farming and finance professionals, we are committed to scaling regenerative agriculture through market solutions. Regenerative agriculture prioritises soil health, captures more carbon than it emits, produces nutrient-dense food and is more resilient to extremes of weather – all driven by the natural productivity of farm ecosystems rather than costly inputs. Our experience has shown us that, if managed well, the adoption of farming practices that build soil health can be the single most important driver in increasing farm productivity, reducing risk in operations and protecting profitability. About Systemiq SYSTEMIQ was established in 2016 with the mission to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Climate Agreement. SYSTEMIQ works to transform markets and business models across natural systems, including food, agriculture and oceans, as well as energy and the circular economy. Through its development of regenerative business models, SYSTEMIQ aims to manage the social and economic needs of society and conserve the integrity of nature. With headquarters in London, Munich and Jakarta, SYSTEMIQ works with thought-leaders like the Food and Land Use Coalition, leading businesses and governments and communities around the world. With many thanks to: Regenerating Europe’s soils: making the economics work Contents Foreword ............................................................................................................................................ -
Holistic Management Case Studies, Profiles and Articles
Holistic Management Case Studies, Profiles and Articles For many years, large areas of grasslands around the world have been turning into barren deserts. This process, called desertification, is happening at an alarming rate and plays a critical role in many of the world’s most pressing problems, including climate change, drought, famine, poverty and social violence. One major cause of desertification is agriculture – or the production of food and fiber from the world’s land by human beings for human beings. In the past, large wild herds of grass-eating herbivores migrated and were pushed along by predators over the grasslands. These herds grazed, defecated, stomped and salivated as they moved around, building soil and deepening plant roots. Over time, the wild herds were largely replaced by small numbers of domestic, sedentary livestock and populations of predators were mostly destroyed. Without the constant activity of large numbers of cattle, the cycle of biological decay on the grasslands was interrupted and the once-rich soils turned into dry, exposed desert land. Over forty years ago, Allan Savory developed Holistic Management, an approach that helps land managers, farmers, ranchers, environmentalists, policymakers and others understand the relationship between large herds of wild herbivores and the grasslands and develop strategies for managing herds of domestic livestock to mimic those wild herds to heal the grasslands. Holistic Management is successful because it is a cost- effective, highly scalable, and a nature-based solution. It is sustainable because it increases land productivity, livestock stocking rates, and profits. Today, there are successful Holistic Management practitioners spread across the globe, from Canada to Patagonia and from Zimbabwe to Australia to Montana. -
Holistic Management Science Library Technical Papers
Holistic Management Science Library Technical Papers © Savory Institute 2020 1 Contents EVALUATION OF HOLISTIC MANAGEMENT Gosnell H., S. Charnley and P. Stanley. 2020. “Climate change mitigation as a co-benefit of regenerative ranching: Insights from Australia and the United States.” Interface Focus 10: 20200027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2020.0027 Gosnell, Hannah, Kerry Grimm, and Bruce E. Goldstein. 2020. “A half century of Holistic Management: what does the evidence reveal?” Agriculture and Human Values, published online, 23 January 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-020-10016-w Gosnell, Hannah, Nicholas Gill, and Michelle Voyer. 2019. “Transformational adaptation on the farm: Processes of change and persistence in transitions to 'climate-smart' regenerative agriculture.” Global Environmental Change 59: 101965, DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.101965 Hillenbrand, Mimi, Ry Thompson, Fugui Wang, Steve Apfelbaum, and Richard Teague. 2019. “Impacts of holistic planned grazing with bison compared to continuous grazing with cattle in South Dakota shortgrass prairie.” Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 279:156-168, DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2019.02.005 Teague, W. Richard. 2018. "Forages and Pastures Symposium: Cover Crops in Livestock Production: Whole-System Approach: Managing Grazing to Restore Soil Health and Farm Livelihoods,” Journal of Animal Science, skx060. Peel, Mike, and Marc Stalmans, 2018. The Effect of Holistic Planned Grazing on African Rangelands: A Case Study from Zimbabwe,” African Journal of Range & Forage Science, 35:1, 23-31, DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2018.1440630 Mann, Carolyn and Kate Sherran. 2018. “Holistic Management and Adaptive Grazing: A Trainers’ View.” Sustainability 10(6), 1848. doi: 10.3390/su10061848 Ferguson, Bruce G., Stewart A.