DOCSLIB.ORG

Muscidifurax Raptorellus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Tachinaephagus Zealandicus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Trichopria Nigra (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Muscidifurax Raptorellus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Tachinaephagus Zealandicus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Trichopria Nigra (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) BIOLOGICAL CONTROLÑPARASITOIDS AND PREDATORS Host Ranges of Gregarious Muscoid Fly Parasitoids: Muscidifurax raptorellus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Tachinaephagus zealandicus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Trichopria nigra (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) 1 2 CHRISTOPHER J. GEDEN AND ROGER D. MOON USDAÐARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, PO Box 14565, Gainesville, FL 32607 Environ. Entomol. 38(3): 700Ð707 (2009) ABSTRACT Attack rates, progeny production, sex ratios, and host utilization efÞciency of Muscidifurax raptorellus (Kogan and Legner) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Tachinaephagus zealandicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Trichopria nigra (Nees) (Hymenoptera: Dia- priidae) were evaluated in laboratory bioassays with Þve dipteran hosts: house ßy (Musca domestica L.), stable ßy (Stomoxys calcitrans L.), horn ßy (Hematobia irritans L.), black dump ßy [Hydrotaea aenescens (Weidemann)] (Diptera: Muscidae), and a ßesh ßy (Sarcophaga bullata Parker) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). M. raptorellus killed and successfully parasitized all Þve host species and produced an average 2.6 parasitoid progeny from each host. Host attack rates were highest on stable ßy and lowest on horn ßy; there were no differences among hosts in the total number of progeny produced. T. zealandicus killed larvae of all ßy host species in similar numbers, but parasitism was most successful on H. aenescens and S. bullata and least successful on horn ßy and house ßy hosts. SigniÞcantly more parasitoid progeny emerged from S. bullata (10.2 parasitoids per host) than the other hosts; only 2.5 progeny were produced from parasitized horn ßy hosts. Most of the killed puparia that produced neither adult ßies nor parasitoids (“duds”) contained dead parasitoids; in house ßy, stable ßy, and horn ßy hosts, Ͼ30% of these dudded pupae contained adult wasps that failed to eclose. T. nigra successfully parasitized pupae of all host species except house ßy and was most successful on stable ßy. SigniÞcantly more parasitoid progeny emerged from S. bullata (30.6 parasitoids per host) than the other hosts; only 5.7 progeny were produced from horn ßy hosts. KEY WORDS Muscidifurax raptorellus, Tachinaephagus zealandicus, Trichopria nigra, house ßy, stable ßy Parasitoids of muscoid ßy immatures have been stud- feed, and lay a single egg between the puparium and ied extensively for many years. (Rutz and Patterson the developing host within. Parasitoid larvae consume 1990). Efforts to use parasitoids for operational ßy the killed host externally within the comparative control have often followed an algorithm involving safety of the puparium. These characteristics place the surveys to determine locally dominant species fol- pteromalid ßy parasitoids within the group described lowed by augmentative releases of that species (Mor- as idiobionts (Askew and Shaw 1986). gan and Patterson 1990; Geden et al. 1992; Weinzierl Gregarious parasitoids received less attention until and Jones 1998; Crespo et al. 1998, 2002; Skovgard and the discovery that the gregarious form of Muscidifurax Nachman 2004). In nearly every case, the parasitoids aptorellus Kogan and Legner, once thought to be na- selected for release have been solitary pupal parasi- tive to Chile, had become established in parts of the toids of the pteromalid genera Muscidifurax and Spal- United States (Kogan and Legner 1970, Legner 1987, angia. Although different species in this group show Petersen and Cawthra 1995, Antolin et al. 1996, Taylor authentic differences with regard to environmental et al. 1997, Taylor and Szalanski 1999). Gregarious M. and behavioral determinants (Geden 1996, 1997, 1999, raptorellus is now available from commercial insecta- 2002), these species differ little in their fundamental ries, and it has shown potential as a biocontrol agent bionomics. All attack pupae of a prescribed age from under a range of production systems and in different a wide range of host species (Geden et al. 2006), host geographic areas (Petersen and Cawthra 1995, Pe- tersen and Currey 1996, Floate et al. 2000, Kaufman et al. 2001, Geden and Hogsette 2006). 1 Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]. 2 Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Fol- Another gregarious species that has received re- well Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108. newed attention is the encyrtid larval parasitoid Tachi- June 2009 GEDEN AND MOON:HOST RANGES OF GREGARIOUS FLY PARASITOIDS 701 naephagus zealandicus Ashmead. T. zealandicus is (22Ð23 d) at 25ЊC. Sarcophaga bullata was the most thought to be indigenous to the Southern Hemisphere commonly used host for colony maintenance, but the (Olton 1971). It was imported from Australia and New other species used in this study were used occasionally Zealand and released in California poultry houses in as well. T. nigra were held under the same environ- 1967 (Legner and Olton 1968, Olton and Legner 1974). mental and food conditions as T. zealandicus. Pupae of In subsequent years, this species was recovered in S. bullata or stable ßy were exposed to cages of adult otitid ßies in Ohio (Downing 1975) and from house parasitoids for 3Ð4 d of exposure to oviposition and ßies, calliphorids, and sarcophagids in South Carolina removed and held for ßy and parasitoid emergence (Ables 1977). Although the status of this species in the (26Ð27 d) at 25ЊC. United States at present is unknown, there has been Fly Colonies. House ßies and stable ßies were from considerable interest in T. zealandicus in Brazil, where long-established colonies maintained at the Center for it seems to be an important natural enemy of ßies in Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology poultry houses (Costa 1989; Monteiro and Pires do (CMAVE), Gainesville, FL, and were reared using Prado 2000; Ferreira de Almeida et al. 2002a, b). standard methods and diets (Hogsette 1992). Black During a collecting trip to Russia and Kazakhstan, dump ßies, Hydrotaea aenescens, were from a colony one of the authors (R.D.M.) collected specimens of a established from Florida poultry farms in 1989 and diapriid found attacking stable ßy pupae on dairy reared using the methods described in Hogsette and farms. A colony was established at the USDA labora- Washington (1995). Two-day-old pupae were sepa- tory in Gainesville for further study. This species has rated from rearing media by water ßotation and dried since been identiÞed as Trichopria nigra (Nees), a in a forced air blower designed for this purpose palearctic species that occurs in Russia, Moldavia, Ka- (Bailey 1970). zakhstan, Greece, Germany, Denmark, and Sweden Horn ßies were from a colony established in the (Petrov 2002, Medvedev 1988, Anonymous 2007). In 1970s. Adults were reared in cages at 26ЊC, 60Ð80% preliminary laboratory tests, we found that this was a RH, and constant light and given bovine blood daily by gregarious species that looked promising as a biocon- placing blood-soaked pads on the tops of the cages. trol agent for several species of pest ßies (C.J.G., un- Blood for the colony was collected every 2 wk at a local published data). To our knowledge, the life history, abattoir in 8.5-liter batches and treated with 30 g of host range, and habits of this species are unknown. sodium citrate, 1.5 g of kanamycin sulfate, and 250,000 Tachinaephagus zealandicus and T. nigra are koino- U of nystatin. Eggs were collected daily on water- biont gregarious endoparasitoids whose host range has soaked cotton pads placed 1 cm below the screened not been examined. The objective of this study was to cage bottoms. Larvae were reared by placing 1 ml of examine the performance of the ectoparasitoid M. eggs on a rearing medium composed of 1 liter of steer raptorellus and these two endoparasitic species on a manure, 1 liter of pelletized peanut hulls soaked over- range of host species that are commonly found in night in 750 ml water, and 115 g of a prepared mixture association with animal production systems. of wheat ßour (44%), Þsh meal (33%), alfalfa meal (18%), and baking soda (5%). The manure was col- lected from pastured animals and frozen before use to Materials and Methods kill any arthropods present. Larval trays were kept in Parasitoid Colonies. The M. raptorellus colony was the same room as the adult ßies, and pupation oc- established from specimens collected on a New York curred on day 5 under these rearing conditions. Pupae poultry farm where commercially produced parasi- were separated from media by water ßotation and toids had been released in previous years. The com- dried in a forced-air blower 7 d after egg placement. mercial source is believed to have originated from The colony of the ßesh ßy, S. bullata Parker, was material collected from Nebraska feedlots. The T. zea- founded with ßies obtained from Carolina Biological landicus colony was established from samples col- Supply (Burlington, NC). Adult ßies were given water lected from a poultry farm in Santa Cruz de Concieri- and moist sugar-yeast cakes. The cakes were prepared cao, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Two T. nigra colonies were by mixing three parts sugar and one part yeast hydro- tested; these had been established from samples col- lysate (by volume) and holding the mixture in pans at lected on dairy farms near Kraznodar, Russia, and 90% RH for 3 d. Flies were presented with fresh beef Almaty, Kazakhstan. All of the colonies were 1Ð2 yr old liver for larviposition. Larvae were reared on beef liver at the time of testing. and pupated Ϸ7 d after larviposition on paper towels Muscidifurax raptorellus were maintained by pro- or vermiculite placed under larval rearing pans. viding parasitoids with 2-d-old house ßy pupae three Samples of 100 pupae of each species were weighed times per week at a host: parasitoid ratio of Ϸ10:1 in for each cohort used in the bioassays and averaged as chambers maintained at 25ЊC and 60Ð80% RH under follows: 106 (S. bullata), 18 (house ßy), 15 (stable ßy constant darkness. T. zealandicus were maintained at and H.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies
    Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa, USA Printed in the United States of America Cover design by Lynn Ekblad, Different Angles, Ames, Iowa Graphics and layout by Richard Beachler, Instructional Technology Center, Iowa State University, Ames ISBN 1-887383-23-9 ISSN 0194-4088 06 05 04 03 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging–in–Publication Data Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies. p. cm. -- (Task force report, ISSN 0194-4088 ; no. 140) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-887383-23-9 (alk. paper) 1. Pests--Integrated control. I. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. II. Series: Task force report (Council for Agricultural Science and Technology) ; no. 140. SB950.I4573 2003 632'.9--dc21 2003006389 Task Force Report No. 140 June 2003 Council for Agricultural Science and Technology Ames, Iowa, USA Task Force Members Kenneth R. Barker (Chair), Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh Esther Day, American Farmland Trust, DeKalb, Illinois Timothy J. Gibb, Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana Maud A. Hinchee, ArborGen, Summerville, South Carolina Nancy C. Hinkle, Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens Barry J. Jacobsen, Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman James Knight, Department of Animal and Range Science, Montana State University, Bozeman Kenneth A. Langeland, Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville Evan Nebeker, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State David A. Rosenberger, Plant Pathology Department, Cornell University–Hudson Valley Laboratory, High- land, New York Donald P.
    [Show full text]
  • International Conference Integrated Control in Citrus Fruit Crops
    IOBC / WPRS Working Group „Integrated Control in Citrus Fruit Crops“ International Conference on Integrated Control in Citrus Fruit Crops Proceedings of the meeting at Catania, Italy 5 – 7 November 2007 Edited by: Ferran García-Marí IOBC wprs Bulletin Bulletin OILB srop Vol. 38, 2008 The content of the contributions is in the responsibility of the authors The IOBC/WPRS Bulletin is published by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants, West Palearctic Regional Section (IOBC/WPRS) Le Bulletin OILB/SROP est publié par l‘Organisation Internationale de Lutte Biologique et Intégrée contre les Animaux et les Plantes Nuisibles, section Regionale Ouest Paléarctique (OILB/SROP) Copyright: IOBC/WPRS 2008 The Publication Commission of the IOBC/WPRS: Horst Bathon Luc Tirry Julius Kuehn Institute (JKI), Federal University of Gent Research Centre for Cultivated Plants Laboratory of Agrozoology Institute for Biological Control Department of Crop Protection Heinrichstr. 243 Coupure Links 653 D-64287 Darmstadt (Germany) B-9000 Gent (Belgium) Tel +49 6151 407-225, Fax +49 6151 407-290 Tel +32-9-2646152, Fax +32-9-2646239 e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Address General Secretariat: Dr. Philippe C. Nicot INRA – Unité de Pathologie Végétale Domaine St Maurice - B.P. 94 F-84143 Montfavet Cedex (France) ISBN 978-92-9067-212-8 http://www.iobc-wprs.org Organizing Committee of the International Conference on Integrated Control in Citrus Fruit Crops Catania, Italy 5 – 7 November, 2007 Gaetano Siscaro1 Lucia Zappalà1 Giovanna Tropea Garzia1 Gaetana Mazzeo1 Pompeo Suma1 Carmelo Rapisarda1 Agatino Russo1 Giuseppe Cocuzza1 Ernesto Raciti2 Filadelfo Conti2 Giancarlo Perrotta2 1Dipartimento di Scienze e tecnologie Fitosanitarie Università degli Studi di Catania 2Regione Siciliana Assessorato Agricoltura e Foreste Servizi alla Sviluppo Integrated Control in Citrus Fruit Crops IOBC/wprs Bulletin Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Irreversible Thelytokous Reproduction in Muscidifurax Uniraptor
    Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 100: 271–278, 2001. 271 © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. Irreversible thelytokous reproduction in Muscidifurax uniraptor Yuval Gottlieb∗ & Einat Zchori-Fein Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew Uni- versity of Jerusalem, P.O.Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel; ∗Current address: The University of Chicago, Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, 1027 E 57th St. Chicago, IL 60637, USA (Phone: 1 (773) 834-0264; Fax: 1 (773) 834-3028; E-mail: [email protected]) Accepted: May 1, 2001 Key words: thelytoky, Wolbachia, Muscidifurax uniraptor, symbiosis, reproductive barriers Abstract Vertically transmitted bacteria of the genus Wolbachia are obligatory endosymbionts known to cause thelytokous (asexual) reproduction in many species of parasitic Hymenoptera. In these species production of males can be induced, but attempts to establish sexual lines have failed in all but one genus. We have found three reproductive barriers between antibiotic-induced males and conspecific females of Muscidifurax uniraptor Kogan and Legner (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae): males do not produce mature sperm, females are reluctant to mate, and a major muscle is absent from the spermatheca. These findings suggest that Wolbachia-induced thelytokous reproduction in M. uniraptor is irreversible, and are consistent with the idea that since sexual reproduction has ceased, selection on sexual traits has been removed leading to the disappearance or reduction in these traits. Because under these circumstances asexual reproduction is irreversible, the host has become totally dependent on the symbiont for reproduction. Introduction more than 16% of all the insects surveyed (For review, see Stouthamer et al., 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • To Control House Flies in Confined Animal Facilities Using
    E-224 12-04 Using Parasitoids to Control House Flies in Confi ned Animal Facilities Confi ned a lt fl ies emerge once their can use biologica House fl ies’ natural enemies keep house fl ies at les and mites that feed on eggs are part of integrated eral parasitoid wasp species that designed to (1) avoid, pr and (2) minimize environm are unlike most parasitic insects caused by misuse of pesticide y usually kill their hosts. Adult parasitoids pest control alternative. iving; only their immature stages are parasitic, Biological controls use pests’ nat g on or inside their hosts. The most common suppress them, reducing both pest num use fl y parasitoids belong to the family Pteromalidae damage. Using biological controls in CA (Hymenoptera), a large group of benefi cial wasps basic knowledge about the pest’s biology an that will not sting people. Some of these parasitoid enemies in order to evaluate commercially ava species are native to Texas, and many are available biological control agents and select the best one. This commercially for purchase and release. fact sheet will update managers about using biological The female parasitoid wasp seeks out house fl y control practices in their CAFs to combat house fl ies. pupae. Using her ovipositor, she probes the pupa and feeds on it, then deposits one or more eggs inside the House Flies and Their Parasitoid Enemies pupal shell. (An ovipositor is a stinger-like appendage Like all insects, house fl ies, Musca domestica, used to lay eggs.) The female wasp’s probing kills the undergo metamorphosis.
    [Show full text]
  • Stablefly Bibliography
    United States Department of Agriculture A Century and a Half of Agricultural Research Research on the Stable Service ARS-173 Fly, Stomoxys calcitrans July 2012 (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), 1862-2011: An Annotated Bibliography United States Department of A Century and a Half of Agriculture Agricultural Research on the Stable Fly, Research Service Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) ARS-173 (Diptera: Muscidae), 1862-2011: July 2012 An Annotated Bibliography K.M. Kneeland, S.R. Skoda, J.A. Hogsette, A.Y. Li, J. Molina-Ochoa, K.H. Lohmeyer, and J.E. Foster _____________________________ Kneeland, Molina-Ochoa, and Foster are with the Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE. Molina-Ochoa also is the Head of Research and Development, Nutrilite SRL de CV, El Petacal, Jalisco, Mexico. Skoda is with the Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory (KBUSLIRL), Screwworm Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Kerrville, TX. Hogsette is with the Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, FL. Li and Lohmeyer are with KBUSLIRL, Tick and Biting Fly Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Kerrville, TX. Abstract • sustain a competitive agricultural economy; • enhance the natural resource base and the Kneeland, K.M., S.R. Skoda, J.A. Hogsette, environment; and A.Y. Li, J. Molina-Ochoa, K.H. Lohmeyer, • provide economic opportunities for rural and J.E. Foster. 2012. A Century and a Half of citizens, communities, and society as a Research on the Stable Fly, Stomoxys whole. calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), 1862- 2011: An Annotated Bibliography. ARS-173. Mention of trade names or commercial U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • 8 March 2013, 381 P
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/273257107 Mason, P. G., D. R. Gillespie & C. Vincent (Eds.) 2013. Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods. Pucón, Chile, 4-8 March 2013, 381 p. CONFERENCE PAPER · MARCH 2013 DOWNLOADS VIEWS 626 123 3 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Peter Mason Charles Vincent Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 96 PUBLICATIONS 738 CITATIONS 239 PUBLICATIONS 1,902 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Available from: Charles Vincent Retrieved on: 13 August 2015 The correct citation of this work is: Peter G. Mason, David R. Gillespie and Charles Vincent (Eds.). 2013. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods. Pucón, Chile, 4-8 March 2013, 380 p. Proceedings of the 4th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ARTHROPODS Pucón, Chile March 4-8, 2013 Peter G. Mason, David R. Gillespie and Charles Vincent (Eds.) 4th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ARTHROPODS Pucón, Chile, March 4-8, 2013 PREFACE The Fourth International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods, held in Pucón – Chile, continues the series of international symposia on the biological control of arthropods organized every four years. The first meeting was in Hawaii – USA during January 2002, followed by the Davos - Switzerland meeting during September 2005, and the Christchurch – New Zealand meeting during February 2009. The goal of these symposia is to create a forum where biological control researchers and practitioners can meet and exchange information, to promote discussions of up to date issues affecting biological control, particularly pertaining to the use of parasitoids and predators as biological control agents.
    [Show full text]
  • Sex Determination in the Hymenoptera: a Review of Models and Evidence
    Heredity 71 (1993) 421—435 Received 10 March 1993 Genetical Society of Great Britain Sex determination in the Hymenoptera: a review of models and evidence JAMES M. COOK Department of Genetics & Human Variation, La Trobe University, Bun doora 3083, Victoria, Australia Thehaploid males and diploid females of Hymenoptera have all chromosomes in the same proportions. This rules out most familiar sex-determining mechanisms, which rely on dosage differences at sex determination loci. Two types of model —genicbalance and complementary sex determination (CSD) —havebeen invoked for Hymenoptera. Experimental studies provide no good evidence for genic balance models, which are contradicted by the detection of diploid males in 33 disparate species. Furthermore, recent advances have shown that sex determination in the best- studied diploid animals does not depend on genic balance, removing the original justification for hymenopteran genic balance models. Instead, several Hymenoptera have single-locus CSD. In this system, sex locus heterozyotes are female while homozygotes and hemizygotes are male. Single- locus CSD does not apply to several inbreeding species and this probably reflects selection against the regular production of diploid males, which are sterile. A multilocus CSD model, in which heterozygosity at any one of several sex loci leads to female development has also been proposed. To date, multilocus CSD has not been demonstrated but several biases against its detection must be considered. CSD can apply to thelytokous races as long as the cytogenetic mechanism permits retention of sex locus heterozygosity. However, some thelytokous races clearly do not have CSD. The distribution of species with and without CSD suggests that this form of sex determination may be ancestral in the Hymenoptera.
    [Show full text]
  • Giornale Di Zoologia
    ISSN 0370 - 4327 GIORNALE DI ZOOLOGIA PUBLISHED Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification Volume CI 101TERZA SERIE Rerum natura nusquam magis quam in minimis tota. PLINIO F I R E N Z E - 2 0 1 8 TIPOGRAFIA COPPINI I - Blank Page II - Blank Page ISSN 0370 - 4327 GIORNALE DI ZOOLOGIA PUBLISHED Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification Volume CI 101TERZA SERIE Rerum natura nusquam magis quam in minimis tota. PLINIO F I R E N Z E - 2 0 1 8 TIPOGRAFIA COPPINI Journal of Zoology Founded by Antonio Berlese, Firenze, 1903 Published by CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (formerly: Istituto Sperimentale per la Zoologia Agraria, Firenze) Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria Editor-in-Chief Roberto Nannelli Firenze, Italy Associate Editors Sauro Simoni Pio Federico Roversi Firenze, Italy Firenze, Italy Managing Editor Donatella Goggioli Firenze, Italy Editorial Board Ramon Albajes Giacinto Germinara Hervé Jactel Peter Schausberger Lleida, Spain Foggia, Italy Cestas, France Vienna, Austria Miguel Angel Altieri Andrew Paul Gutierrez Mariusz Lewandowski Stephan Scheurer Berkeley, USA Berkeley, USA Warszawa, Poland Berlin, Germany Sebastiano Barbagallo Keith M. Harris Francois Lieutier Thomas Schröder Catania, Italy Ripley, Woking, England Orleans, France Braunschweig, Germany Andrea Binazzi Sherif Hassan Evert E. Lindquist Ward Strong Firenze, Italy Darmstat, Germany Ottawa, Canada Veron, Canada Stefano Colazza Axel Hausmann Pietro Luciano Eustachio Tarasco Palermo, Italy München, Germany Sassari, Italy Bari, Italy Piero Cravedi Claudio Ioriatti Manuel Mota Stefano Turillazzi Piacenza, Italy S.
    [Show full text]
  • CURRICULUM VITAE (Effective: February 2009)
    CURRICULUM VITAE (Effective: February 2009) Name Aldemaro Romero Academic Fields Integrative Biology, Environmental Studies. Academic Address Department of Biological Sciences Arkansas State University P.O. Box 599 State University, AR 72467, USA [email protected] Ph.: (870) 972-3082 Fax: (870) 972-2638 Current Position Chair and Professor Universities Attended University Location, Dates Degree Universidad de Oriente Cumaná, Venezuela 1/70-6/70 Universidad de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain Licenciado Biología 9/70-6/77 University of Miami Coral Gables, FL Ph. D. 1/81-8/84 Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA Certificate, 11/87-12/87 Management for Managers in Natural Resources University and Administrative Experience 2003 – Present: Chair and Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR. 1998-2003: Associate Professor and Director of the Environmental Studies Program, Macalester College, St. Paul, MN. 1996-1998: Assistant Professor of Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL. 1994-1996: Adjunct (Research) Associate Professor, University of Miami, FL. 1986-1994: Executive Director and CEO, BIOMA, The Venezuelan Foundation for the Conservation of Biodiversity, Caracas, Venezuela. 1985-1986: Country Program Director, The Nature Conservancy, Washington, D.C. 2 Grants, University Scholarships, Fellowships, and Prizes A) Research Grants: 1981 - Peter Nikolic Fellowship in Animal Behavior and Charles Tobach Fund award. Amount: $330. Project Title: The evolution of behavior in surface (eyed), cave (blind), and intermediate forms of Astyanax mexicanus (Pisces: Characidae). 1982 - Organization for Tropical Studies post-course award. Amount: $1,500. Project Title: Genetic basis of behavior and phenotypic variability in Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier) (Pisces: Characidae) in different environments of Costa Rica.
    [Show full text]
  • Mitochondrial DNA Variation Among <I>Muscidifurax</I> Spp
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology Entomology, Department of 1997 Mitochondrial DNA Variation among Muscidifurax spp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Pupal Parasitoids of Filth Flies (Diptera) David B. Taylor University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Richard D. Peterson II University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Allen L. Szalanski University of Nebraska-Lincoln James J. Petersen University of Nebraska-Lincoln Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub Part of the Entomology Commons Taylor, David B.; Peterson, Richard D. II; Szalanski, Allen L.; and Petersen, James J., "Mitochondrial DNA Variation among Muscidifurax spp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Pupal Parasitoids of Filth Flies (Diptera)" (1997). Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology. 206. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub/206 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Mitochondrial DNA Variation Among Muscidifurax spp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) ,Pupal Parasitoids of Filth Flies (Diptera) DAVID B. TAYLOR, RICHARD D, PETERSON 11, ALLEN L. SZALANSKI,' A~DJAMES J. PETERSEN Midwest Livestock Insects Research Laboratory. USDA-ARS, Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln. NE 68583 Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. W(6): 814-824 (1997) ABSTRACT Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR- RFLP) and sequencing analyses were used to characterize an amplicon of -625 bp in 4 of the 5 nominate species of Muscidifim Girault & Sanders, pupal parasitoids of muscoid flies.
    [Show full text]
  • (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) at Different Temperatures
    Biological Control 26 (2003) 1–7 www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon Development of microsporidia-infected Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) at different temperatures Carl K. Boohene,a Christopher J. Geden,b,* and James J. Becnelb a Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA b USDA-ARS-Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, P.O. Box 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA Received 24 October 2001; accepted 21 June 2002 Abstract Muscididfurax raptor, a pupal parasitoid of house flies and other filth flies, is commonly infected with the microsporidium Nosema muscidifuracis. To determine the effects of infection on developmental time, uninfected and infected adult M. raptor were allowed to parasitize pupae of the house fly (Musca domestica) for 24 h. Exposed pupae of the two groups (infected and uninfected) were held at 15, 20, 25, 30, 32, and 34 °C with 75–80% relative humidity. Development of infected M. raptor was significantly longer at all temperatures than that of uninfected parasitoids, resulting in approximately 7% extensions of developmental times. Uninfected fe- males completed development in 14.6, 19.6, and 30.4 days at 30, 25, and 20 °C, respectively, compared with 15.8, 20.7, and 32.3 days for infected females at these temperatures. The differences in developmental times provided narrow windows for isolating large proportions of uninfected M. raptor females for disease management programs. This window was greatest at 20 °C; 61% of the uninfected females emerged by day 30, at which time only 10% of the infected females had emerged. Published by Elsevier Science (USA).
    [Show full text]
  • Differences in the Reliance on Cuticular Hydrocarbons As Sexual Signaling and Species Discrimination Cues in Parasitoid Wasps Jan Buellesbach1,4,5*† , Sebastian G
    Buellesbach et al. Frontiers in Zoology (2018) 15:22 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-018-0263-z RESEARCH Open Access Differences in the reliance on cuticular hydrocarbons as sexual signaling and species discrimination cues in parasitoid wasps Jan Buellesbach1,4,5*† , Sebastian G. Vetter2,4† and Thomas Schmitt3,4,5 Abstract Background: Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHC) have been documented to play crucial roles as species- and sex- specific cues in the chemical communication systems of a wide variety of insects. However, whether they are sufficient by themselves as the sole cue triggering sexual behavior as well as preference of con- over heterospecific mating partners is rarely assessed. We conducted behavioral assays in three representative species of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to determine their reliance on CHC as species-specific sexual signaling cues. Results: We found a surprising degree of either unspecific or insufficient sexual signaling when CHC are singled out as recognition cues. Most strikingly, the cosmopolitan species Nasonia vitripennis, expected to experience enhanced selection pressure to discriminate against other co-occurring parasitoids, did not discriminate against CHC of a partially sympatric species from another genus, Trichomalopsis sarcophagae. Focusing on the latter species, in turn, it became apparent that CHC are even insufficient as the sole cue triggering conspecific sexual behavior, hinting at the requirement of additional, synergistic sexual cues particularly important in this species. Finally, in the phylogenetically and chemically most divergent species Muscidifurax uniraptor, we intriguingly found both CHC-based sexual signaling as well as species discrimination behavior intact although this species is naturally parthenogenetic with sexual reproduction only occurring under laboratory conditions.
    [Show full text]