FRAGMENTA PALAEONTOLOGICA HUNGARICA 21, BUDAPEST, 2003

Early Jurassic fauna and facies of the Schafberg area (Salzkammergut, Austria)

by Attila VÖRÖS, János SZABÓ, Alfréd DULAI, István SZENTÉ, Oskar EBLI «Sc Harald LOBITZER

Abstract — In order of a complex reexamination of the Jurassic faunas of the Schafberg and closely connected area, the authors carried out new collecing and sampling. The studied area contains localities of classical palaeontological monographs, based on fossils of the Lower Liassic Mierlatz Formation and some other associated limestones. During the field work we attempted to locate the classical sites but most of the exposures are new. Characteristic megafossils are the brachiopods but bivalves and gastropods are also found. Beside notices on the microfacies and microfossils, the identified species of the faunas are listed below, and, some palaeontological remarks are added to most of the listed species. The faunal lists are partly completed with museum materials.

Keywords — Early Jurassic, microfacies, bivalves, gastropods, brachiopods

VÖRÖS, A., SZABÓ, J., DULAI, A., SZENTÉ, I., EBLI, O. & LOBITZER, H. (2003): Early Jurassic fauna and facies of the Schafberg area (Salzkammer- gut, Austria). — Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica, 21: 51—82.

Introduction

Mt Schafberg belongs to the classical areas of Liassic SPENGLER (1911), who had been WÄHNER'S student, research in the Northern Calcareous Alps and several published the most comprehensive description of the monographies dating back to the 19th century deal with geology of Schafberg, situated within the "Schafberg- the rich mega- and microfauna from various lithologies. Tirolikum" tectonic unit. SPENGLER initiated also the The first comprehensive description of the rich mega- first microfacies study of the Schafberg region by fauna of the Hierlatz Limestone we owe to HAUER (1853, LEISCHNER (1969). From the tectonic point of view, also 1855) who already mentioned ammonites and brachiopods the paper by HAHN (1913) is important. in the light reddish and whitish limestones in the higher The complex tectonic situation of Mt Schafberg is well regions of Schafberg. OPPEL (1861), BlTTNER (1893) and explained by PLÖCHINGER (1973). In principle, the upper BÖSE (1877) dealt with the brachiopod fauna in more part of Schafberg is represented by a synclinc, which is details, while GEYER (1893) described the ammonites and overturned towards the North. Looking from the North to STOLICZKA (1861) studied the gastropods and the bivalves. the northern wall of Mt Schafberg, we face Upper Jurassic OPPEL assumed, based on findings of ammonites, that the radiolarite in the core of the syncline, which is underlain Hierlatz Limestone of the Schafberg is of Lower Liassic age, by red Middle Liassic Adnet type limestones and by Hierlatz while STOLICZKA'S studies pointed to Middle Liassic. In limestone, which is well exposed also on the top of Mt 1862 MOJSISOVICS paid a short visit to Mt Schafberg and Schafberg. The area may be divided into two main tectono- argued that OPPEL is right in the age of the ammonite- sedimentary units, separated by a large-scale overthrust at bearing basal dark red limestone. However, he regarded the the northern foot of the Schafberg, recognized and named higher part of the gastropod-bearing dark red limestone and by SPENGLER (1911) as "Grünsee Überschiebung" or the overlying brachiopod-dominated Hierlatz Limestone s.s. "Grünseescherfläche" (PLÖCHINGER 1973). as Middle Liassic. STUR (1871) reports a faunule consisting of The upper unit forms the bulk of the Schafberg, consis­ ammonites, bivalves and brachiopods from bright red ting chiefly of Hierlatz limestones of extremely big thick­ limestones of the Grünsee locality. In his classical paper on ness and grey, siliceous limestones of Lower Jurassic (mainly the facies differentiarion of various Liassic limestones of the Sinemurian) age. The Hierlatz limestones are exposed on Northern Calcareous Alps, WÄHNER (1886) considered the the top and on the southern slope of Schafberg in the light-red cephalopod-rich limestones of the "Hinter-Schaf- form of thick, not well-defined beds dipping roughly con­ berg" an equivalent of the horizon of Amaltheus margaritatus. cordant with the slope. It represents the "bed-like" type From facies point of view WÄHNER regarded these variega­ of VÖRÖS (1991) and can be interpreted as a wide belt of ted cephalopod limestones as transitional development submarine, biodetrital talus of 200-300 m thickness. The between the brachiopod-crinoid-gastropod-rich Hierlatz source area of the biodetrital material may be sought Limestone and the true Adnet Limestone. The sponges, toward the North, near or beyond die peak region of Schaf­ radiolarians and foraminifers of the "Uas-Kieselkalk" were berg, whereas the interfingering with more distal, basin described by DUNIKOWSKI (1882). On the occasion of the sediments can be found nearly one km far to the South IXth International Geological Congress in Vienna in the (e. g. at Schafbergalpe). year 1903, WÄHNER summarized his rich knowledge on The lower unit is exposed in a narrow belt along the that region in an excursion guide booklet of the Schafberg. northern foot of Schafberg and consists of Upper Triassic "Plattenkalk", and red crinoidal-brachiopodal limestones the authors during joint field-trips in June 2000, June 2001 (with BÖSE's fauna, Middle Lias). The recent geological maps and July 2002. We visited some outcrops at Schwarzensee (PLÖCHINGER 1973, 1989), show that the red, crinoidal (near Aschergraben, Grafenalm and Meislalm); the peak limestones form separate, narrow belts on the northern side region of Schafberg; the cliffs and "kars" around Mönichsee of Schafberg, apparendy without direct sedimentary contact and Mittersee (at the northern feet of Schafberg, between to the Lower Liassic Hierlatz limestones. According to our Spinnerin and Törlspitz); and the northern slope of Eiben­ observations, around the Mitterscc, the very gentiy dipping, berg (above the lake Mondsee) (see Figure 1). thick banks of the "Plattenkalk" are cut by two or three, The collected fossils and samples were divided amongst great, parallel, vertical neptunian dykes, exceeding 10 m in the participants to study: microfacies and microfauna — width. The strike of the dykes is roughly parallel with the O. EBLI, bivalves — I. SZENTE; gastropods —J. SZABÓ; northern wall of the Schafberg (WNW to ESE). Sinemurian (Hierlatz Limestone s.s.) brachiopods — A. The previous palaeontological descriptions have sugges­ DU LAI; Pliensbachian brachiopods — A. VÖRÖS. ted that the Lower Jurassic faunas of Schafberg are very In the foUowing, we give short description and evalua­ similar to those of the Bakony Mts (Hungary). This similarity tion of the microfacies types and present lists of the identi­ was aimed to study by in situ coUecting work, carried out by fied fossils, with some taxonomical remarks.

Figure 1 — Localities of the new collections. — Numbers indicate groups of collecting points close to each other

Explanation to Plate I

1 Microfacies la — Crinoidal-biomicrite to sparite (wacke- to packstone). The often abraded crinoidal remains are mosdy surrounded by svntaxial rim-cements. — Sample SBB 2, x6. 2—3 Microfacies 2 — Filament-crinoid-biomicrite (wacke- to packstone). Besides the characteristic "filaments" (debris of thin-shelled bivalves, possibly Posidonia alpind), there occurs in Plate I: 2 a bryozoan fragment, that is impregnated on its top with a thick phosphatic crust, whereas sample MS 1 (Plate I: 3) is rich in small phosphatic and Fc/Mn-nodules. — 2: Sample SBM 7, x8; 3: Sample MS 1, XlO. 4—5 Microfacies 3 — Ostracod-echinoderm-biomicrite (wacke- to packstone). Besides the characteristic thick-shelled ostracods (e. g. 4. top) and miliolid foraminifera, sometimes also stromatactis-like features can be recognized (5). — 4: Sample SBM 2, Xl7; 5: Sample SBB 150-1, x8. 6—7 Microfacies 4 — Echinoderm-spicula-biomicrite with forams and ostracodes. Besides spicula (6), there often occur up to several cm large sponges (7), with the osculum filled by peloidal sediment and circular cements. — 6-7: Sample MA 1; 6 = x8, 7 = X 23. 8 Microfacies 2 and 5. — The lower part of the picture exhibits filamentous sediment, containing juvenile ammonites and a burrow (B) in contact to MF-5. This irregular contact is modified by pressure solution as indicated by leached crinoidal fragments (straight above "B") and a small residual layer, not visible at this magnification. — Sample MS 2, XlO.

VÖRÖS, A., SZABÓ, J., DULAI, A., SZENTÉ, L, EBLI, O. & LOBITZER, H. Microfacies and microfaima

The lithologies of the samples collected at the Schaf­ tation-regime at this area during Liassic times. Besides berg summit, at Mitteralm, Meisl- and Mühlaueralm are crinoidal limestones and strongly condensed facies-types, inhomogenous and reveal a very differentiated sedimen­ there occur basinal sediments with intercalated resediments.

Hierlatz Limestone

Microfacies la: Crinoidal-biornicrite to sparite (wacke- type. In sample SBB 2, additional spicula (below 5%) to packstone) (Plate I: 1) — Densely packed, often and rare foraminifera [Involutina liasska (JONES), Reophax abraded crinoids (30-60%) and mostly broken brachio­ sp.] occur. The predominant micritic matrix is replaced pod shells (up to 20%) are the main biota in this rock- in many places by syntaxial rim-cements.

"Adnet-Type" Limestone

Microfacies lb: Crinoidal-biornicrite to sparite with Besides the foraminifera-fauna mentioned above, there lithoclasts (wacke- to packstone) — This type resembles occur also Planiinvoluta carinata LEISCHNER, Ophthalmidium nearly MF la, but often contains subangular lithoclasts. leischneri KRISTAN-TOLLMANN, IJngulina sp. and Lagena sp. In sample Ma 2 a scattered bryozoan was found. Microfacies 2: Filament-crinoid-biomicrite (wacke- topackstone) (Plate I: 2-3) — The characteristic debris Table 1. — Distribution of the rock samples of thin-shelled bivalve ("filaments", up to 30%) can be MF Hierlatz Adnet Limestone oriented either randomly (Plate I: 2—3) or rather parallel to Sample Limestone the bedding planes. Beside crinoids (10-30%) there occurs la lb 2 3 5 also detritus of thick-shelled bivalves and brachiopods, SBB 2 X rare scattered bryozoans (only in samples MS 3 and SBM MA 3 X 7, the latter bearing a phosphatic crust), some ostracods, MS 1 X and in sample MS 3 a small rhyncholith. MS 3 X The scarce foraminifera constitute of Lrochammina alpina SBM 7 X (KRISTAN-TOLIJViANN), Weophax sp., Textularia sp., Oph- MA 2 X thalmidium leischneri (KRISTAN-TOLLAÍANN) and unidenti­ SBB 150/1 X fiable nodosariids and lagenids. SBB 150/2 X Besides small, angular lithoclasts of unknown origin SBB 1 X in sample MS 3, there occur subangular debris of Fe- MA 1 X Mn-crusts, but also small Fe-Mn- and phosphate- nodules MEI 1 X (especially in sample MS 1). Some of them seem to be of MS 2 X MS 4 (Ppar-)autochthonous origin, while others exhibit signs X SBM 1 X of resedimentation. SBM 2 X Microfacies 3: Ostracod-echinoderrn-biomicrite (wacke- SBM 3 X SBM 4 to packstone) (Plate I: 4—5) — Although ostracods (up to X SBM 5 X 10%) do not reach the amount of the crinoidal debris (15- SBM 6 X 25%o), they are the characteristic group of this facies. Thick- SBM 7 X shelled, mosdy disarticulated valves together with bivalve- SBM

Explanation to Plate II

1—2 Microfacies 5. Echinoderm-biomicrite with foraminifera (wacke- to packstone). Due to a different amount of foraminifera that reflect a different degree of condensation, this sediment can occur even in the same sample as echinoderm- or foraminifer-dominated. Between the two extremes shown in these figures, all transitions can be observed. — 1: Sample SBM 4, X7; 2: Sample SBM 5, Xl6. 3—4 Serpulids within MF-type 5. — They exhibit, due to a different degree of condensation, variable states of preservation. While in fig. 4 the original shell structure is mosdy visible, in fig. 5 there it is completely replaced by Fe/Mn-oxides. — 3: Sample SBM 10, X48; 4: Sample SBM 9, x58. 5—6 Resedimented layers within the "Adnet-type" limestones. They are indicated by mixing of different facies-types. The lithoclasts are subangular to rounded and moderate to well sorted. In fig. 6, the sparitic and microsparitic interstices between lithoclasts exhibit affinities to the Scheck-Limestone of Adnet. — 5: sample SBM 6, X6; 6: Sample MS 4, x6. 7—8 Sedimentological features of neptunian dykes. — In image 7, a neptunian fissure is episodically filled by micritic material. During times of non-sedimentation, small cyanophycean crusts (dark seams) growed. In image 8, there are 3 generations of cracking visible — 7: Sample ME 1, Xl2; 8: Sample SBM 8, X5.

Microfacies 4: Echmoderrn-spicula-biomicrite with Microfacies 5: EcMnoderm-forarninifera-biomicrite forams and ostracods (wackestone) (Plate I: 5-6) — with (wacke- to packstone) (Plate I: 8, Plate II: 1-8) — The main biota consists of echinodermal remains and This lithofacies is characterized by a high amount of Fe- spicula (each 15-20%). Besides ostracods, foraminifers Mn-crusts, mosdy in mm-scale, but sometimes up to several also occur; they are represented by Trochammina alpina KRIS- centimetres thickness. The crusts are sometimes bored, or TAN-TOIJJVIANN, Ammobaculites sp., Aeolisaccus sp., Ophthal-associated with ammonites or serpulids (Plate II: 3-4). The midium leischneri KRISTAN—TOLLMANN, Nodophthalmidium sp."normal-sediment, " can often be classified as echinoderm- Trocholina turns FRENTZEN and nodosariids and lagenids are forarriinifera-biomicrite (wacke- to packstone) with variable also common but unidentifiable in thin-section. Of special amount of echinoderms (10-30%) and forams. The stronger interest, there are large sponges up to several cm, regarding the degree of condensation, the higher the amount of their fragments. The interspace of the spicula-meshwork is foraminifera (Plate II: 1—2). Involutinids are dominant. filled by micritic peloidal-packstone. Especially in sample In these sediments, there are several intercalations of SBB 1 stromatactis-cavities are frequent, that are filled either resediments (Plate II: 5—6). Sometimes, as in sample SBM with blocky calcite or sometimes even with peloidal pack­ 8 (Plate II: 8), multiple fracturing of the sediment can be stone, the latter one often surrounding also these cavities. observed.

Short notes on micropalaeontology

The taxa found in our material are mosdy well-known, that indicates presence of the Adnet-Type Limestone also so the reader is referred to the work of BÖHM et al. (1999) in the Lower Jurassic. and EBLI (1997), where detailed descriptions and syno­ The specimen of Nodophthalmidium sp. figured in plate nymy are provided (see also Plate III). Plate III: 13 exhibits the characteristic spirally wound The predominant involutinids exhibit a high variabi­ initial part. Miliolidae gen. et sp. indet., figured on Plate lity7 that is shown as an example for Trocholina umbo. III: 16 may be a member of a new genus, that resembles The finding of Licispirella bicarinata BLAU is specially to the genus Nodophthalmidium in its initial part, but has interesting because this species has been known only from crescent shape chambers in its adult stage instead of the Hettangian to the Upper Sinemurian (EBLI 1997), pyriform ones.

Bivalves

In his pioneering work on the gastropod and bivalve (SZENTE 1996a) are strikingly lacking. fauna of the Hierlatz Limestone of the Northern Calca­ Representatives of Praechlamys are relatively frequent reous Alps STOLICZKA (1861) listed Schafberg as one of in the Lower Jurassic of the Schafberg. Three species, all the three most important localities. Collecting work introduced by STOLICZKA (1861), have been found. The carried out in the last years in the area has yielded some abundance of Praechlamys rollei encountered at the Schaf­ 70 bivalve specimens as well. The material, which was berg recalls the composition of some Late Pliensbachian mosdy collected according to lithostratigraphic units, has assemblages of the Bakony Mts (Hungary), especially that made the recognition of the stratigraphical distribution of of the fauna from the fissure-filling of the Margaritatus bivalves in the Lower Jurassic of Schafberg possible. Zone once exposed in a former manganese-ore mine at Bivalve assemblage of the Sinemurian Hierlatz Lime­ Eplény (SZENTE 1996b). stone of the Schafberg is much less diverse than that of The bivalve taxa identified are listed with indication the type locality and consists exclusively of epifaunal taxa. of the stratigraphie level of occurrence(s). The systematic Shallow burrowing heterodonts, forming more than one composition of the fauna is the following (the well- third of the specimens of the Hirlatzwand-assemblage preserved specimens are shown in Plate IV):

Explanation to Plate III

1 Globochaete alpina LOMBARD — Sample SBM 3, x40. 2 Trochammina alpina KRISTAN-TOLLMANN — Sample MS 1, xl44. 3 Textularia sp. — Sample SBM 1, x280. 4-5 Involutina hassica (JONES) — 4: Sample SBM 5, x98; 5: Sample SBM 3, x98. 6 Licispirella bicarinata (BLAU) — Sample SBM 10, Xl08. 7 Trocholina turris FRENTZEN — Sample SBB 1, x90. 8-12 Trocholina umbo FRENTZEN — 8: Sample SBM 10, X90; 9: Sample SBM 5, x75; 10: Sample SBM 3, x90; 11: sample SBM 1, x94; 12: Sample SBM 5, x64. 13 Nodophthalmidium sp. — Sample MA 1, xl 10. 14 Ophthalmidium leischneri (KRISTAN-TOLLMANN) — Sample SBM 5, xl63. 15 Ophthalmidium martanum (FARINACCI) — Sample SBM 4, xl40. 16 Miliolidae, gen. et sp. indet. — Sample SBM 2, xl30.

Plate IV

Explanation to Plate IV

1 Parallelodontid? bivalvia, gen. et sp. indet. — Xl.9; Pliensbachian red limestone 2—3 Praechlamys palosus (STOLICZKA) — 2 = x2.3, 3 = x3.3; Hierlatz Limestone, Sinemurian? 4-7 Praechlamys rollei (STOLICZKA) — 4-5 = xl.9, 6 = Xl.7, 7 = x2; "Pliensbachian red limestone" 8-12 Praechlamys subreticulatus (STOLICZKA) — 8 = x2.4, 9 = x2,11 = x2.8,12 = x2; from Hierlatz Limestone, Sinemurian; 10 - Xl.7, from PLensbachian red limestone 13-14 Oxytoma (O.) inaequlvalve (J. SOWERBY) — 13 = x3, from Hierlatz Limestone, Sinemurian; 14 = Xl.5, from Pliensbachian red limestone 15 Placunopsis ? sp. — X3, Hierlatz Limestone, Sinemurian

Systematic composition of bivalve fauna

Class Bivalvia LlNNÉ, 1758 Family Oxytomidae ICHIKAWA, 1958 Order Arcoida STOLICZKA, 1871 Genus Oxytoma MEEK, 1864 Family Parallelodontidae ? DALL, 1898 Subgenus Oxytoma MEEK, 1864 gen. et sp. indet. Oxytoma (O.) inaequlvalve Q. SOWERBY, 1819) Order Pterioida NEWELL, 1965 Family Anomiidae ? RAFINESQUE, 1815 Family Pectinidae WlLKES, 1810 Genus Placunopsis ? MORRIS & LYCETT, 1853 Genus Praechlamys ALLASINAZ, 1972 Placunopsis ? sp. Praechlamys palosus (STOLICZKA, 1861) Family Limidae RAFINESQUE, 1815 Praechlamys rollei (STOLICZKA, 1861) Genus Limea BRONN, 1831 Praechlamys subreticulatus (STOLICZKA) Subgenus Pseudolimea ARKELL, 1943 Genus Entolium ? MEEK, 1865 Umea (Pseudolimea) sp. Entolium ? sp.

Palaeontological notes

Parallelodontid? bivalvia, gen. et sp. indet. (Plate IV: 1) — Pliensbachian red limestone. Since details of the hinge can A left valve of an arcoid bivalve has been found in the not be studied, it has been assigned to this family tentatively. Praechlamys palosus (STOLICZKA, 1861) (Plate IV: 2-3) in the Lower Jurassic of the Schafberg, occurring both — P. palosus is characterised by a markedly low umbonal in the Hierlatz Limestone and the Pliensbachian red angle (< 90°) as well as by the different ornamentation of limestone. the left and right valves (see SZENTE 1996a, 1998). In the Lower Jurassic of the Northern Calcareous Alps this Entolium ? sp. — Some smooth, circular valves yielded by species seems to be confined to the Sinemurian Hierlatz the Pliensbachian red limestone recall Entolium. Their state of Limestone preservation, however, does not allow precise identification.

Praechlamys rollei (STOLICZKA, 1861) (Plate IV: 4-7) Oxytoma (Oxytoma) inaequivalve (J. SOWERBY, 1819) — The fauna of the red fissure-filling limestone is pre­ (Plate IV: 13-14) — This widely distributed and variable dominated by the peculiar species Praechlamys rollei, report­ species is well represented both in the Hierlatz Limestone ed as a frequent form at the Schafberg by STOLICZKA and the red limestone of the Schafberg. (1861). It seems to be much probable that the syntypes, whose whereabouts is unknown, were also collected from Placunopsis ? sp. (Plate IV: 15) — "Placunopsis numismalis Pliensbachian that can be thus considered as the stratum (QUENSTEDT 1856)" has been quoted from the Hier- typicum of P. rollei. Some poorly preserved valves latzkalk of the Northern Calcareous Alps by STOLICZKA bearing comarginal rugae and doubtfully assigned to P. (1861) and SZENTE (1996a) and was synonymized with rollei have been found in the Hierlatz Limestone as well. P. radiata (PHILLIPS, 1829) by SZENTE (1998). In the light of the studies of TODD & PALMER (2002), however, Praechlamys subreticulatus (STOLICZKA, 1861) (Plate IV: affinities of this form should be revised. 8—12) — Valves of P. subreticulatus are ornamented by radial plicae, being very variable both in number and strength. It is Limea (Pseudolimea) sp. — Some incomplete valves, possible, however, that the "fine phenotype" (Plate IV: 12; collected from the red limestone, are assigned to Umea (Pseudolimea). see also SZENTE 1996b, pl. 1. fig. 5) represents a different species. P. subreticulatus is the most frequent bivalve species

Gastropods

Collection in two lithological types of the studied area Pietteia (Trietteia ?) fischen (STOLICZKA, 1861) yielded also gastropods: the Sinemurian Hierlatz Lime­ The matrix around the originals of Pietteia (Trietteia ?) stone around the top of Schafberg (railway terminus) and fischen (STOLICZKA, 1861) indicates presence of a third an Upper Pliensbachian, ferro-manganiferous (fissure- fossiliferous lithological type, consisting mainly of mic­ filling) limestone. The latter one has been observed in a ritic components, but it has not yet been exacdy located. nearly vertical rocky wall below Schafberg-Spitze, at the The specimens of good state of preservation from WNW side of the Suissensee. Some fallen blocks of the Schafberg gastropod fauna are figured in Plate V. similar lithology were found on the west side of the Palaeoecology — A highly diversified gastropod fauna Mittersee, situating in several hundred meters distance occurred in the ferro-manganiferous limestone: eleven of SE from the Suissensee along the main structural line. the eighteen species are found in single specimens, the Gastropods of the typical Hierlatz Limestone were remaining ones are represented also by only a few (2-4) rare and extremely fragmentary therefore hardly identi­ shells. The high diversity suggests that they have lived in a fiable. They consisted of only parts of one or two whorls stable environment and, because of their relative scarcity, that indicated belonging to Discohelix, Pleurotomarioidea, they must have belonged either to the accessorial compo­ Trochidae (Proconulinae) and Ataphridae, respectively. nents of the community(ies) or/and to predator levels. The only well-preserved specimen was found amongst Living pleurotomarioideans are carnivorous, soft-bodied STOLICZKA (1861) originals in the Naturhistorisches sponges seem to be their most common diet. The diverse Museum, Vienna (Discohelix reticulata STOLICZKA, 1861). pleurotomarioidean species of the studied fauna might The ferro-manganiferous limestone and its fallen blocks have also preyed on sponges and other soft bodied sessile in the scree, contained a rather well preserved gastropod and sedentary animals. faunula. They well accomplish STOLICZKA (1861) original Other components of the fauna are most probably Schafberg collection, major part of which is deposited in herbivorous or omnivorous. the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna. The original (lecto­ Some of the extant relatives of the eucyclid species live type) of Eugclus (Eugclus) alpinus STOLICZKA, 1861 and in deep water (bathyal or abyssal) biotopes on unconsoli­ some unpublished, further specimens of unknown collector dated substrate [Eucyclini in HICKMAN & MCLEAN 1990 are kept in the Museum of the Geologische Bundesan­ — Eucyclinae here: Eugclus (E.) alpinus, Eugclus (Lokutigclus) stalt, Vienna. The ferro-manganiferous coating and the sp.]. Other members of the family live on hard substrate in matrix indicate that the majority of the museum speci­ intertidal or shallow subtidal region [CHlodontini in mens were collected also from the fissure-filling lime­ HICKMAN & MCLEAN 1990 — Chilodontinae here: stones. Most species of the faunal list below occurred in this Wilsoniconcha ? aff. biplicata (M. GEMMELLARO, 1911)]. limestone (except Discohelix reticulata STOLICZKA, 1861 and These groups seemed to live under similar conditions also during the Jurassic (SZABÓ 1995) therefore we shall consider Palaeobiogeography — Anodomaria seemed to be a their habit in a palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. typically Mediterranean gastropod genus with a few species Trochoidean species also indicate presence of rocky (SZABÓ 1988). However, recendy some other species have sea bottom parts in depth interval of the photic zone been found also in the Jurassic of Kachchh (India, Ethiopian with high probability7. Faunal Province; JATTLY et al. 2000) but in younger strata. Palaeontologists (see: MORRIS & CLEEVELY 1981) Eaevitomaria has not been found out of the Jurassic attribute sedentary mode of life on soft bottom to the Mediterranean Province. discoidal open coiled or similarly shaped gastropods {Cyclo­ Discohelix orbis is one of the most common species in the stomaria, Discohelix) with filter-feeding mode of life. latest Sinemurian to Late Pliensbachian gastropod faunas of Regarding the suggestions for the substrate, the gastro­ the Mediterranean Faunal Province. This species is usually pods of the above fauna must have been mixed from diffe­ associated with Eugclus (E.) alpinus in Adnet/Ammonitico rent biotopes. Wilsoniconcha ? (Eucyclidae, Chnodontinae), Rosso Limestone facies and foothill accumulated ("stratified") Anticonulus, Ataphrus and Crossostoma (Trochoidea) are mostHierlat z Limestone, they are most reliable "palaeo- probably hard bottom dweller and herbivorous. (1) They lived biogeographical indices". on a submarine elevation together with some of the pleuroto- Discohelix reticulata STOLICZKA, 1861 has been found only marioideans. The remaining species inhabited the basin in a few (4) specimens but its area seems to be rather wide around the elevated area on/in soft sediment that filled the (Hierlatz, Schafberg — North Calcareous Alps, Austria; fissure after its opening. (2) The hard and soft bottom parts Úrkút — Bakony Mts, Hungary; South Crimea — Ukraine). might have been spotted on the same bathymétrie level. Pietteia (Trietteia ?) fischeri (STOLICZKA, 1861) is the earliest Pietteia (Trietteia ?) fischeri(STOLICZKA , 1861) (Aporrha- known aporrhaid species in the Mediterranean Province. idae) indicates muddy substrate in its biotope.

Systematic composition of gastropodfauna

Class Gastropoda CUVIER, 1897 Family Eucyclidae KOKEN, 1896 Subclass Archaeogastropoda THIELE, 1925 Subfamily Eucyclinae KOKEN, 1896 Order Pleurotomariina COX & KNIGHT, 1960 Genus Eugclus). A. EUDES-DESLONGCHAMPS, 1860 Superfamily Pleurotomarioidea SWAINSON, 1840 Subgenus Eugclus). A. EUDES-DESLONGCHAMPS, 1860 Family Gosseletinidae WENZ, 1938 Eugclus (Eugclus) alpinus STOLICZKA, 1861 Genus Cyclostomaria SZABÓ, 1980 Eugclus (Eugclus) sp. Cyclostomaria sp. Subgenus Urkutigclus SZABÓ, 1995 Family Pleurotomariidae SWAINSON, 1840 Eugclus (Urkutigclus) orion (STOLICZKA, 1861) Genus Anodomaria SZABÓ, 1980 Subfamily Chilodontinae WENZ, 1938 Atmdomana anodosa SZABÓ, 1980 Genus ^Wilsoniconcha WENZ, 1939 Genus Pleurotomaria DEFRANCE, 1826 Wilsoniconcha ? aff. hiplicata (M. GEMMELLARO, 1911) Pleurotomaria aff. anglica). SOWERBY, 1818 Superfamily Cirroidea COSSMANN, 1916 Pleurotomaria sp. Family Cirridae COSSMANN, 1916 Family PPleurotomariidae SWAINSON, 1840 Genus Cirrus J. SOWERBY, 1815 Genus Bathrotomaria COX, 1956 Citrus boemesi (STOLICZKA, 1861) Bathrotomaria intermedia (MÜNSTER, 1844) Cirrus sp. Genus Laevitomaria CONTI & SZABÓ, 1987 Superfamily PCirroidea COSSMANN, 1916 Eaevitomaria coarctata (STOLICZKA, 1861) Family Discohelicidae SCHRÖDER, 1995 Order Trochina COX & KNIGHT, 1960 Genus Discohelix DUNKER, 1848 Superfamily Trochoidea RAFINESQUE, 1815 Discohelix orbis (REUSS, 1852) Family Trochidae RAFINESQUE, 1815 Discohelix reticulata STOLICZKA, 1861 Subfamily Proconulinae COX, 1960 Subclass Caenogastropoda COX, 1959 Genus Anticonulus COSSMANN, 1918 Order Uncertain Anticonulus lautus (STOLICZKA, 1861) Superfamily Loxonematoidea KOKEN, 1889 Family Ataphridae COSSMANN, 1918 Family Zygopleuridae WENZ, 1938 Subfamily Ataphrinae COSSMANN, 1918 Genus Anoptychia KOKEN, 1892 Genus Ataphrus GABB, 1869 Anoptychia crenata (STOLICZKA, 1861) Ataphrus laeviusculus (STOLICZKA, 1861) Superfamily Stromboidea SWAINSON, 1840 Ataphrus latilabrus (STOLICZKA, 1861) Family Aporrhaidae ADAMS, 1858 Subfamily Crossostomatinae Cox, 1960 Genus Pietteia COSSMANN, 1904 Genus Crossostoma MORRIS & LYCETT, 1851 Subgenus Trietteia CONTI & SZABÓ, 1987 Crossostoma ? sp. Pietteia (Trietteia }) fischeri (STOLICZKA, 1861) Superfamily Eucycloidea KOKEN, 1896

Abbreviations, indicating depositories in the brief description of the gastropod species: HGI = Hungarian Geological Institute (Budapest); GBA = Geologische Bundesanstalt (Vienna); NM = Naturhistorisches Museum (Vienna); MTM = Hungarian Natural History Museum (Budapest) Early Jurassic fauna and facies of the Schafberg area Palaeontological notes

Cyclostomaria sp. — This species has depressed, extreme Bathrotomaria intermedia (MÜNSTER, 1844) — The widely phaneromphalous shells, tending to planispiral, with species is represented by a single specimen (MTM) with circular whorl cross-section. Whorls are slighdy attached to rather large, gradate shell of medium high spire. The angu­ each other therefore both the spiral and umbilical sutures lation of the whorls is a^stinct and emphasised by a keel-shape are canaliculate. Selenizone runs on the highest adapical line selenizone. Angular periphery delimits slighdy convex and of the whorls. Ornament consists of spiral threads and phaneromphalous base. Peristome is not preserved. cords, cancellated by collabral threads. The latter ones Most prominent ornamental elements are regularly- became weaker on the last whorl repeated, collabrally elongate ridges on the suturai half of The available Cyclostomaria specimen (MTM) seems the ramp. Dense, evenly sized and spaced spiral cords (not identical with the type species needing a nomenclatorical undulating) cover whorls and base. revision (SZABÓ 1980, SZABÓ in prep). The position of the selenizone clearly distinguishes B. Occurrences: Eplény (Bakony Mts, Hungary); Schaf­ intermedia from P. aff. anglica (see above), the comparable berg (Salzkammergut, Austria). other pleurotomarioidean species in the fauna.

Anodomaria anodosa SZABÓ, 1980 (Plate V: 1) — Laevitomaria coarctata (STOLICZKA, 1861) (Plate V: Anodomaria anodosa has gradate shell form with distinct 4—7) — Thin walled shells are conical with low, moderately spiral angulations, one slightly above the midwhorl, and convex (subangulate) whorls, separated by canaliculate another at the periphery. A rather wide selenizone runs suture. Base is flattened and narrowly phaneromphalous. in the middle of the outer face of die whorls. The base is Selenizone runs between two striae at the top of the con­ convex and moderately phaneromphalous. A network of vexity on the whorls. threads covers the whorls and there is a single spiral Delicate growth-lines, some obscure spiral lines and cord on both angulations, respectively. striae are the ornament between the selenizone and the The Schafberg specimen (GBA) corresponds to the upper suture. A network of weak spiral and collabral lines juvenile part of the type specimen, found in the Eplény is visible on the outer face of the whorls. The base is not (Bakony Mts, Hungary, HGI) fis sure-filling ferro-manga­ ornamented. niferous limestone. Schafberg is the second known loca­ Two specimens from STOLICZKA (1861) collection lity of the species. The species itself seems extremely rare; (NM) on which the species was established. two+?one specimens has been found in the two localities. Anticonulus lautus (STOLICZKA, 1861) (Plate V: 8-10) Pleurotomaria aff. anglica (J. SOWERBY, 1818) (Plate — A small, fragmentary, conical shell is available that V: 2-3) — A single specimen (NM) belongs to this spe­ consists of numerous (10—12) low whorls of flat outer sur­ cies of moderately high, gradate shell. It has a single row face. They are feebly swollen along the upper suture and of periodically repeated, slighdy opisthocline ridges between bear a distinct spiral thread on the lower edge. Suture is a the suture and the abaxial edge of the ramp. The outer marked incision; the peripher)7 is angular. Base is feebly face of the whorls is wide and slightly convex; the convex and broadly phaneromphalous. Obscure spiral lines selenizone runs on the adapical half of this surface. Base are visible both on the whorls and the base beside is feebly convex and narrowly phaneromphalous. No distinct growth-lines. peristome part is observable. The figured specimen belongs to STOLICZKA (1861) Unequally sized, irregularly undulating, dense spiral original collection (NM). cords cover the whorls. Juvenile shell part has reticulate ornament of equally strong threads but the collabral Ataphrus ? laeviusculus (STOLICZKA, 1861) (Plate V: ones fade away on the subsequent whorls, only the 11—13) — A single specimen represents this species with growth-lines cross the spiral cords. a shape resembling not only the ataphrid genera but also The single row of ridges on the ramp is a rather a Proconulus because the whorls are relatively low and characteristic morphological element but the specific their number is unusually high. The peristome characters identification needs further studies. The shape resembles are not visible therefore the generic name is uncertain. to that of P. anglica but the latter species has also another This is STOLICZKA (1861) original specimen (NM) to row of collabrally elongate nodes along the periphery. designation of'Trochus laeviusculus". The specimens are similar to but surely not identical Ataphrus iatilabrus (STOLICZKA, 1861)? — Three with "Trochotoma striata STOLICZKA, 1861". This latter fragmentary specimens (MTM) are identifiable mainly on species has no ridges below the suture. the measurements. Shells are mrbinform without any trace Bathrotomaria intermedia (MÜNSTER, 1844) bears also of ornament. The visible shell portions with peristome single row of ridges on the ramp, but its spiral cords are (outer lip) parts do not show presence of an enlarged weaker, denser and equally sized. The position of the outer lip that would be indicative to a Crossostoma species, selenizone, just on the angulation of the whorls, distin­ discussed below. However, the preservation is unsatis­ guishes it from P. aff. anglica, having selenizone on the factory to decide if the specimens were not juvenile outer face. shells of Crossostoma sp. (below). Crossostoma sp. (Plate V: 14) — A single, unpublished not show outer modification, internally it is not specimen is found in STOLICZKA (1861) original collec­ observable, but trace of inner thickening is visible on the tion (NM). The shell morphology is rather simple; most inner mould of the last whorl. The ornament consists of conspicuous element is a widely enlarged, trumpet-shaped sparse, spiral threads on the whorls and dense, weaker outer lip. Its morphology is different from that of the threads on the base. Delicate, collabral threads cross them. known species. However, further studies are necessary to The specimen is different from the known members decide whether the specimen represents a new species or not. of subgenus Lokuticyclus. Without the peristomal modification, the shell could be STOLICZKA (1861) misidentified the only specimen identified with Ataphrus latilabrus (STOLICZKA, 1861) because (NM) as "Turbo orion D'ORBIGNY, 1853". However, COSS­ the morphology and the measurements are so similar. MANN (1916) and FISCHER & WEBER (1997) revised D'ORBIGNY'S species and they regarded it Metriomphalus Eucyclus (Eucyclus) alpinus STOLICZKA, 1861 (Plate (Nododelphinulidae), having marked, spiny ornament. V: 15) — Rather large, high turbiniform shells (GBA, 1 original, and MTM, 3) with convex whorls belong to the Wilsoniconcha ? aff. bipHcata (M. GEMMELLARO, 1911) species. Suture is deeply canaliculate. The peripher)7 of the (Plate V: 19-20) — A single unpublished specimen (GBA) whorls can be found well above the suture. Base is convex of pupiform shape and retiform ornament represents this and anomphalous. species in the fauna. The network consists of spiral cords Four, nearly equally spaced, nodosed carinae run bet­ and collabral threads with granulae at the crossing points. ween the upper suture and the periphery of whorls. A Peristome is ovate, a narrow (? false) umbilicus is visible at further but unnodosed carina is exposed above the lower the lower part of the inner lip. Presence of columellar folds suture. The suture itself runs just on a strong spiral cord. cannot be checked owing to the state of preservation. Spiral cords, that are much denser than the carinae of The specimen seems to belong to the same species that the whorls, cover the base. has been found in the Bakony Mts (Hungary, SZABÓ 1995) in a stratigraphical level with mixed Late Sinemurian and Eucyclus (Eucyclus) sp. — A single specimen from Early Pliensbachian faunal elements. Both specimens show STOLICZKA (1861) collection (NM) that has smaller but significant differences from GEMMELLARO'S species des­ more turriculate shells than E. (E.) alpinus, and the num­ cription. A comparison between specimens will be neces­ ber and arrangement of the spiral ornamental elements sary7 to decide about the question of identitity. are also different. The shell outline is also unlike because it is slightly coeloconical. In this latter character, the Cirrus hoernesi (STOLICZKA, 1861) (Plate V: 21-23) specimen resembles E. (E.) harnahasi SZABÓ, 1995 but — High-turbiniform, hyperstrophically left-handed shells the whorl cross-section and the spiral ornament indi­ (2, NM) of apparendy truncated apex belong to this species. cates belonging to another species, which seems new. Four latest whorls are visible that are convex, bicarinate at periphery and a rather deep suture separates them. Eucyclus (Lokuticyclus) sp. (Plate V: 16-18) — The Strong, sparse costae and marked growth lines give the specimen is low turbiniform, and extremely thin-shelled collabral ornament. Base is slighdy convex, anomphalous like the other members of the subgenus. Wmorls are convex, and evenly arched, opisthocyrt growth-lines mean the rapidly expanding, and canaliculate suture separates them. only ornament. The peristome is circular, its inner lip is Base is convex and moderately phaneromphalous; the wide and outward tapering. margin of the umbilicus is rounded-angular. Peristome does

Explanation to Plate V

1 Anodomaria anodosa SZABÓ — x4, juvenile shell, fissure-filling. 2-3 Pleurotomaria aff. anglica (J. SOWERBY) — xl.3, fissure-filling. 4—6 Laevitomaria coarctata (STOLICZKA) — xl, fissure-filling. 7 Laevitomaria coarctata (STOLICZKA) — x3, details of ornament, another specimen, fissure-filling. 8-10 Anticonulus lautus (STOLICZKA) — Xl, fissure-filling. 11-13 Ataphrus ?laeviusculus (STOLICZKA) — Xl, fissure-filling. 14 Crossostoma sp. — xl.8, fissure-filling. (NH) 15 Eucyclus (Eucyclus) alpinus STOLICZKA — x3, fissure-filling.(GBA ) 16-18 Eucyclus (Lokuticyclus) sp. — Xl, = "Turbo orion D'ORBIGNY" in STOLICZKA (1861); fissure-filling. 19-20 Wilsoniconcha ? aff. biplicata (M. GEMMELLARO) — xl, fissure-filling. 21-23 Cirrus hoernesi (STOLICZKA) — xl, fissure-filling. 24 Cirrus sp. — xl, fissure-filling. (NH) 25 Discohelix reticulata STOLICZKA — x2.5, Hierlatz Limestone 26—27 Anoptychia crenata (STOLICZKA) — xl (26); details of ornament, same specimen X3 (27), fissure-filling. 28-29 Pietteia (Trietteia}) fischeri (STOLICZKA) — xl, fissure-filling? 30 Pietteia (Trietteia ?) tlscheri (STOLICZKA) — x2, specimen with row of densest nodes, fissure-filling?

In STOLICZKA (1861) original material three speci­ Single specimen has been found in STOLICZKA's (NH) mens have been found under the name "Turbo Hoernesi'. collection. The matrix indicates its occurrence in the However, they seem to belong to two different species. Hierlatz Limestone (Sinemurian) not in the Late Pliens­ Two specimens have shells without basal ornament but a bachian fissure-filling limestone. last whorl fragment has strong spiral carinae and the shape of the growth-lines is also different (see also below, and Anoptychia crenata (STOLICZKA, 1861) (Plate V: 26-27) Plate V: 22 and 24). — Single specimen with manganese-oxide coating is available in STOLICZKA's (NH) collection. It is a rather Cirrus sp. (Plate V: 24) — A single last whorls fragment well preserved, feebly cyrtoconical shell without earliest of a Cirrus specimen (NM), which has a different sculp­ whorls and peristome. The shell represents a medium ture than the above species. On this fragment, the costae sized, rather high spired species of Anoptychia. Whorls are of the whorls continue to the foot of the columella. evenly convex with a suture in moderately deep canal. There are also four carinae on the base, which are Base is anomphalous and meets the last whorl surface in lacking from Cirrus hoernesi (STOLICZKA, 1861), and the a rounded angle. Earliest juvenile whorls bear periodi­ growth-lines are sigmoidal. These differences suggest the cally repeating, dense, suture-to-suture, prosocline riblets probability of belonging to another species. that become feebly parasigmoidal on subsequent whorls In STOLICZKA's paper (1861. p. 176, Taf. II, Fig. then gradually vanish (first from the subsutural region). 14.), "Turbo Hoernesi" was created from characters of two Five ribbed post-protoconch whorls are visible; three specimens, belonging to probably two different species. spiral threads appear on the second one. There are granulae at crossing points of the riblets and the threads. With Discohelix orbis (REUSS, 1852) — A single (MTM) weakening of the riblets, additional spiral threads develop but characteristic, small fragment of a large (adult) whorl below the periphery7 of whorls and fine lines appear on the has been found. Strong, rib-like growth-wrinkles cover "ramp". Threads cover also the base. all visible outer surface of the fragment. Outer angula­ tions are irregularly corrugated. Pietteia (Trietteia ?) fischeri (STOLICZKA, 1861) (Plate V: 28—30) — Four fragmentary specimens of a Discohehx reticulata STOLICZKA, 1861 (Plate V: 25) medium sized aporrhaid species with turriculate spire of — Shells of this small and extremely rare Discohelix cyrtoconical outline are available. Their apex is not preserved species are strongly flattened, their shape resembles to but peristome fragments on two specimens are indicative of coins. The width of the whorl cross-section is almost a species, having three digits. Whorls are slighdy convex and double of their height. Marked keel runs on both outer bear a median carina with parabolic nodes. The number of angulations of the whorls. The last and the penultimate these nodes seems rather variable: 10—12 on the penulti­ whorls are covered by periodically repeating riblets, star­ mate whorl of a specimen and 18-20 on another shell. ting from nodulae of the keels and gradually weaken The nodes are lacking from the last whorl. towards the upper (inner) suture. Corrugation appeared The specimens belong to STOLICZKA's (NH) collec­ much earlier than riblets, which developed gradually from tion, their preservation and infilling indicate embedding the nodulae of the keels. The riblets reach the upper in a limestone, strongly different from that of the other (adaxial) suture only from the second half of the penul­ gastropod specimens, studied here. timate whorl. Brachiopods

Systematic composition of brachiopod fauna (Normal letters indicate Sinemurian species, bold letters show Pliensbachian, and asterisk marks Sinemurian to Pliensbachian species.)

Phylum Brachiopoda DUMÉRIL, 1806 *Prionorhynchia ? hagaviensis (BÖSE, 1898) Subphylum Rhynchonelliformea WILLIAMS et al., 1996 Prionorhynchia ? aff. hagaviensis (BÖSE, 1898) Class Rhynchonellata WILLIAMS et al, 1996 Prionorhynchiapolyptycha (OPPEL, 1861) Order Rhynchonellida KUHN, 1949 Prionorhynchia pseudoscherina (BÖSE, 1898) Superfamily Pugnacoidea RZHONSNITSKAIA, 1956 Prionorhynchia sp. Family Basiliolidae COOPER, 1959 Superfamily Wellerelloidea LlCHAREW, 1956 Subfamily Basiliolinae COOPER, 1959 Family Wellerellidae LlCHAREW, 1956 Genus Apringia DE GREGORIO, 1886 Subfamily Cirpinae AGER, 1965 Apringia paolii (CANAVARI, 1880) Genus Cirpa DE GREGORIO, 1930 Apringia cf. altesinuata (BÖSE, 1898) *Cirpa briseis (GEMMELLARO, 1874) Apringia cf. diptycha (BÖSE, 1898) Cirpa ? latifrons (STUR in GEYER, 1889) Apringia sp. Cirpa planifrons (ORMÓS, 1937) Apringia ? sp. Cirpa suhcostellata (GEMMELLARO, 1878) Superfamily Rhynchotetradoidea LlCHAREW, 1956 Cirpa ? sp. Family Prionorhynchiidae MANCENIDO & OWEN, 2002 Genus Calcirhynchia BUCKMAN, 1918 Genus Prionorhynchia BUCKMAN, 1918 Calcirhynchiafasácostata (UlILIG, 1879) Prionorhynchiaflabellum (MENEGHINI in GEMMELLARO, 1874) Calcirhynchiaplicatissima (QUENSTEDT, 1852) Prionorhynchiagreppini (OPPEL, 1861) Calcirhynchia sp. Prionorhynchia guemheli (OPPEL, 1861) Genus Salgirella MOISEEV, 1936 Salgirella cf. albertii (OPPEL, 1861) Liospiriferina semicircularis (BÖSE, 1898) Salgirella ? cf. magnicostata (ORMÓS, 1937) Liospiriferina sp. Superfamily Rhynchonelloidea D'ORBIGNY, 1847 Order Terebratulida WAAGEN, 1883 Family Rhynchonellidae D'ORBIGNY, 1847 Suborder Terebratulidina WAAGEN, 1883 Subfamily Rhynchonellinae D'ORBIGNY, 1847 Superfamily Terebratuloidea GRAY, 1840 Genus Homoeorhynchia BUCKMAN, 1918 Family Orthotomidae MUIR-WOOD, 1936 Homoeorhynchia ? prona (OPPEL, 1861) Genus Orthotoma QUENSTEDT, 1869 Subfamily Piarorhynchiinae SHI & GRANT, 1993 Ortbotoma apenninica (CANAVARI, 1883) Genus Piarorbynchia BUCKMAN, 1918 Orthotoma sp. Piarorbynchia ? caroli (GEMMELLARO, 1878) Orthotoma ? sp. Genus Cuneirhynchia BUCKMAN, 1918 Family Tchegemithyrididae TCHORSZHEVSKY, 1972 Cuneirhynchia cartieri (OPPEL, 1861) Subfamily Lobothyridinae MAKRIDIN, 1964 Cuneirhynchia dalmasi (DUMORTIER, 1869) Genus Lobothyris BUCKMAN, 1918 * Cuneirhynchia aff. dalmasi (DUMORTIER, 1869) Lobothyris andleri (OPPEL, 1861) Cuneirhynchiafraasi (OPPEL, 1861) Lobothyris delta (NEUMAYR, 1879) Cuneirhynchia retusijrons (OPPEL, 1861) Lobothyris punctata (SOWERBY, 1812) Cuneirhynchia palmata (OPPEL, 1861) *Lobothyris ? sp. Cuneirhynchia sp. Genus Rhapidothyris TULUVX EIT, 1965 Superfamily Hemithiridoidea RZHONSNITSKAIA, 1956 Rhapidothyris ? cf. ovimontana (BÖSE, 1898) Family Tetrarhynchiidae AGER, 1965 Rhapidothyris ? sp. Subfamily Gibbirhynchimae MANCENIDO & Owen, 2002 Family Gibbithyrididae MUIR-WOOD, 1965 Genus Gibhirhynchia BUCKMAN, 1918 Subfamily Gibbithyridinae MuiR-WoOD, 1965 Gibhirhynchia curviceps (QUENSTEDT, 1852) Genus Viallithyris VÖRÖS, 1978 Gibhirhynchia sp. *ViaUithyris gozzanensis (PARONA, 1880) Order Athyridida BOUCOT, JOHNSON & STATON, 1964 Family Pygopidae MUIR-WOOD, 1965 Suborder Koninckinidina DA\TDSON, 1853 Genus Linguithyris BUCKMAN, 1918 Superfamily Koninckinoidea DAVIDSON, 1853 *Linguithyris aspasia (ZlTTEL, 1869) Family Koninckinidae DAVIDSON, 1853 Genus Securithyris VÖRÖS, 1983 Genus Koninckodonta BlTTNER, 1894 Securithyris adnethensis (SUESS, 1855) Koninckodonta cf. waehneri (BlTTNER, 1894) Suborder Terebratellidina MUIR-WOOD, 1955 Koninckodonta sp. Superfamily Zeillerioidea ALLAN, 1940 Order Spiriferinida IVANOVA, 1972 family Zeilleriidae Al i. \\, 1940 Superfamily Spiriferinoidea DAVIDSON, 1884 Genus Zeilleria BAYLF., 1878 Family Spiriferinidae DAVIDSON, 1884 Zeilleria alpina (GEYER, 1889) Subfamily Spiriferininae DAVIDSON, 1884 Zeilleria baldaccii GEMMELLARO, 1874 Genus Liospiriferina ROUSSELLE, 1977 Zeilleria batilla (GEYER, 1889) Liospiriferina aequiglobata (UHLIG, 1879) *Zeilleria bicolor (BÖSE, 1898) *Liospiriferina alpina (OPPEL, 1861) Zeilleria choffati (HAAS, 1885) Liospiriferina angulata (OPPEL, 1861) *ZeiIleria mutabilis (OPPEL, 1861) Liospinferina aradasi (GEMMELLARO, 1878) Zeilleria oenana (BÖSE, 1898) Liospiriferina brevirostris (OPPEL, 1861) Zeilleria perforata (PlETTE, 1856) Liospiriferina cordiformis (BÖSE, 1898) Zeilleria venusta (UHLIG, 1879) Liospiriferina darwini (GEMMELLARO, 1878) Zeilleria sp. Liospiriferinagryphoidea (UHLIG, 1879) Zeilleria ? sp. Liospinferina meneghiniana (CANAVARI, 1880) Genus Securina YÖRÖS, 1983 Liospiriferina obtusa (OPPEL, 1861) Securina partscbi (OPPEL, 1861) Liospiriferina pichleri (NEUMAYR, 1879) Securina aff. securiformis (GEMMELLARO, 1874) Liospiriferina rostrata (SCHLOTHEIM, 1822) Genus Bakonyithyris VÖRÖS, 1983 *Liospiriferina sicula (GEMMELLARO, 1874) Bakonyithyris eivaldi (OPPEL, 1861) Liospiriferina sngnoi (Dl STEFANO, 1891) Bakonyithyris ovimontana (BÖSE, 1898) Liospiriferina globosa (BÖSE, 1898) Bakonyithyris sp.

Sinemurian brachiopods

The Hierlatz limestones are widespread on the slopes of the brachiopods are unknown, therefore the following of Schafberg and the western part of the mountain group. faunal lists are only preliminary results based on the outer These biodetrital, crinoidal-brachiopodal limestones were morphological characters. The most frequent genus is found at several points on the southwestern slopes and Zeilleria (282 specimens, 10 taxa), while the most diverse around the top of Schafberg and some other outcrops is Liospiriferina (250 specimens, 15 taxa) in the studied were also visited at Schwarzensee and Mondsee during material. In addition to these genera, Prionorhynchia, Cirpa, our field trips in 2000, 2001 and 2002. The Hierlatz lime­ Calcirhynchia, Cuneirhynchia and Lobothyris belong to the stones show poorly-defined beds dipping roughly concor­ significant brachiopods, while Salgirella, Homoeorhynchia, dant with the slope. The fifteen localities of the 2-300 m Piarorbynchia, Gibbirlynchia, Orthotoma, Viallithyris, Linguithyris, thick Hierlatz limestones yielded very diverse brachio­ Securina and Bakonyithyris are represented by only a few pod fauna: the 815 identified specimens belong to 63 specimens. Some badly preserved ammonoids were found taxa (55 identified at species level; 23 rhynchonellids, 14 in the Hierlatz limestones of the Schafberg area, which spiriferinids and 18 terebratulids). In the absence of trans­ refer to the Sinemurian Semicostatum Zone (J. PÁLFY, verse serial sections the inner morphological characters pers. comm.). VÖRÖS, A., SZABÓ, J., DULAI, A., SZENTÉ, L, EBLI, O. & LOBITZER, H. Localities and their brachiopodfaunas (with spedmen numbers)

la. Schafberg, railway station (upper terminus) — tulids are predominant elements of the fauna. Short-looped One hundred and twenty brachiopod specimens were forms are relatively common, in comparison with the found at this locality (71 of them are unidentifiable frag­ other collecting points. Zeilleria and IJospiriferina are the ments). The remaining 49 specimens represent 17 species, most frequent brachiopods at this collecting point (especially spiriferinids and zeilleriids are the most common elements of Zeilleria alpina, Z. mutabilis and IJospiriferina alpina). the fauna but rhynchonellids are also diverse. Prionorhynchia cî.flabellum (MENEGHINI in GEMMELLARO) 1 Prionorhynchia cf. greppini (OPPEL) Prionorhynchia greppini (OPPEL) Cirpa cf. subcostellata (GEMMELLARO) Prionorhynchia polyptycha (OPPEL) 7 Calcirhynchiaplicatissima (QUENSTEDT) Prionorhynchia pseudoscherina (BÖSE) 8 Calcirhynchia sp. Calcirhynchia fascicostata (UHLIG) 2 Piarorbynchia caroli (GEMMELLARO) Calcirhynchia ci. plicatissima (QUENSTEDT) Gibhirhynchia ? sp. Cuneirhynchia cartieri (OPPEL) 2 IJospiriferina cf. alpina (OPPEL) Gibhirhynchia sp. 1 Liospiriferina cf. angulata (OPPEL) IJospiriferina alpina (OPPEL) 20 IJospiriferina darwini (GEMMELLARO) IJospiriferina angulata (OPPEL) 1 IJospiriferina cf. obtusa (OPPEL) Liospiriferina aradasi (GEMMELLARO) 4 IJospiriferina sp. IJospiriferina brevirostris (OPPEL) 1 Orthotoma apenninica (CANAVARI) Liospiriferina obtusa (OPPEL) 5 Zeilleria alpina (GEYER) Liospiriferina rostrata (SCHLOTHEIM) 3 Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL) IJospiriferina sp. 14 Zeilleria oenana (BÖSE) Lobothyris cf. andleri (OPPEL) 10 Zeilleria sp. Lobothyris cf. punctata (SOWERBY) 4 Securina partschi (OPPEL) Lobothyris sp. 8 Viallithyrisgo^anensis (PARONA) 8 lb. Schafberg, Himmelspforthütte — From 10 speci­ Zeilleria alpina (GEYER) 37 Zeilleria baldaccii GEMMELLARO 11 mens 6 were unidentifiable fragments and the other 4 Zeilleria barilla (GEYER) 7 belong to 3 brachiopod species. Rhynchonellids and Zeilleria bicolor (BÖSE) 2 spiriferinids occur at this collecting point, terebratulids Zeilleria cboffati (HAAS) 11 are missing from the small faunula. One ammonoid Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL) 27 specimen was also found at this locality. Zeilleria oenana (BÖSE) 2 Zeilleria venusta (UHLIG) 4 Securina cf. partschi (OPPEL) 5 Prionorhynchia cf. guembeli (OPPEL) Bakonyithyris cf. ewaldi (OPPEL) 2 Cirpa cf. planifrons (ORMÓS) Liospiriferina cf. alpina (OPPEL) 2c. Schafberg, southwestern slopes, 1620 m — Sixty- 2a. Schafberg, southwestern slopes, 1550 m — From eight brachiopods were found here. The identifiable 39 28 brachiopod specimens 20 ones were identifiable and specimens represented 15 species. Spiriferinids, zeilleriids and they belong to 12 species. Rhynchonellids are mainly prionorhynchiids are common at this collecting point, coarse-ribbed prionorhynchiids. Long-looped terebratu­ while short-looped terebratulids are missing. lids are more frequent than short-looped ones. The accom­ Prionorhynchia cf. pseudoscherina (BÖSE) panying fauna contains also two bivalves and a gastropod Prionorhynchia sp. specimen (Discohelix), as well as two badly preserved Salgirella ? magnicostata (ORMÓS) ammonoids (Adnethiceras ? sp., Arnioceras ? sp.; the uncertain Piarorbynchia caroli (GEMMELLARO) age is Semicostatum Zone, J. PÁLFY, pers. com.). liospiriferina alpina (OPPEL) IJospiriferina aradasi (GEMMELLARO) Liospiriferina cf. darwini (GEMMELLARO) Prionorhynchia ci. greppini (OPPEL) Liospiriferina cf. obtusa (OPPEL) Prionorhynchia cf. guembeli (ÜPPEL) Liospiriferina sp. Prionorhynchia ? hagaviensis (BÖSE) Zeilleria cf. barilla (GEYER) Calcirhynchiafascicostata (UHLIG) Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL) Cuneirhynchia aff. dalmasi (DUMORTIER) Zeilleria oenana (BÖSE) IJospiriferina alpina (OPPEL) Zeilleria cf. venusta (UHLIG) IJospiriferina aradasi (GEMMELLARO) Liospiriferina obtusa (OPPEL) Zeilleria sp. Lobothyris punctata (SOWERBY) Securina cf. partschi (OPPEL) Zeilleria alpina (GEYER) Zeilleria perforata (PlETTE) 3a. Schafberg, southwestern slopes, 1500 m — Fifty-six Bakonyithyris ewaldi (OPPEL) brachiopod specimens were collected (30 of them are un­ identifiable rhynchonellids and terebratulids). The 26 identi­ 2b. Schafberg, southwestern slopes, 1575 m, (beneath fied specimens belong to 12 species. Most of these are a small wooden house) — Five hundred and fifty two present in low specimen numbers (1-2) but two are more specimens were collected at this locality. The 220 identifi­ frequent: Liospiriferina sp. and Zeilleria alpina. Two bivalves and able specimens represent 29 brachiopod species. Terebra­ a regular echinoid were also found at this collecting point. Prionorhynchia cf. greppini (OPPEL) 1 4a. Schafberg, southwestern slopes, at the crossing Prionorhynchia guembeli (OPPF.L) 2 of railway and tourist path — One hundred and sixty Prionorhynchia sp. 2 nine brachiopod specimens were collected (83 unidenti­ Cirpa subcosiellata (GEMMELLARO) 1 Salgirella ? cf. magnicostata (ÜRMÓS) 2 fiable fragments). The other 86 specimens represent 28 Liospiriferina alpina (ÜPPEL) 2 brachiopod species. Rhynchonellids are very diverse in IJospiriferina cf. darwini (GEMMELLARO) 1 comparison with the other localities (14 species of Prio­ IJospiriferina sp. 7 norhynchia, Cirpa, Salgirella, Homoeorhynchia and Cuneirhyn­ Zeilleria alpina (GEYER) 5 chia). Spiriferinids are less diverse but frequent. Terebra­ Zeilleria bicolor (BÖSE) 1 Zeilleria sp. 1 tulids are represented by both short- and long-looped Securina aff. securiformis (GEMMELLARO) 1 forms. One ammonoid and one bivalve specimens were also collected at this point. 3b. Schafberg, southwestern slopes, 1535 m — Thirty specimens were found at this locality (16 unidentifiable Prionorhynchiaflabellum (TvlENEGHINI in GEMMELLARO) 3 fragments) and the remaining ones represent 9 species. Prionorhynchia greppini (OPPEL) 3 Prionorhynchiapolyptycha (OPPEL) 2 With the exception of Liospiriferina alpina, all of these Prionorhynchia sp. 4 species are rare. The brachiopod fauna is dominated here Cirpa ? latifrons (STUR in GEYER) 5 by spiriferinids. Cirpa subcosiellata (GEMMELLARO) 4 Salgirella cf. albertii (OPPEL) 2 Prionorhynchia cf. polyptycha (OPPEL) 1 Salgirella ? magnicostata (ORMÓS) 1 Cirpa ? latifrons (STUR in GEYER) 1 Homoeorhynchia ? cf. prona (OPPEL) 1 Cirpa cf. subcosiellata (GEMMELLARC )) 1 Cuneirhynchia cartieri (OPPEL) 5 Liospiriferina alpina (OPPEL) 6 Cuneirhynchia jraasi (OPPEL) 1 IJospiriferina angulata (OPPEL) 1 Cuneirhynchia palmata (OPPEL) 1 IJospiriferina brevirostris (OPPEL) 1 Cuneirhynchia retusifrons (OPPEL) 1 Liospiriferina cf. sicula (GEMMELLARO) 1 Cuneirhynchia sp. 2 IJospiriferina sp. 1 Liospiriferina alpina (OPPEL) 8 Zeilleria choffati (HAAS) 1 Liospiriferina cf. angulata (OPPEL) 4 Liospiriferina aradasi (G EMMFXLARC )) 2 3c. Schafberg, southwestern slopes, 300 m from Schaf- Liospiriferina danvini (GEMMELLARC )) 6 bergalpe — From 95 brachiopod specimens 50 were IJospiriferina obtusa (OPPEL) 4 Liospiriferina sicula (GEMMELLARO) 5 unidentifiable fragments. The remaining ones belong to 15 Liospiriferina sp. 1 species. Zeilleriids are the most frequent brachiopods at this Lobothyris andleri (OPPEL) 3 collecting point. The three orders are represented by 1—1 Lobothyris delta (NEL'MAYR) 1 dominant genus (Prionorlynchia, Liospiriferina, Zeilhia). TheLobothyris punctata (SOWERBY) 2 Zeilleria alpina (GF:YER) accompanying fauna contains 4 ammonoid and 6 bivalve Zeilleria bicolor (BÖSE) 2 specimens. Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL) 6

Prionorhynchia greppini (OPPEL) 4 Prionorhynchia ? hagaviensis (BÖSE) 2 4b, Schafberg, tunnel — Twenty-one specimens were Prionorhynchia pseudoscherina (BÖSE) 1 collected at this locality. Nine of them are identifiable, Calcirhynchia sp. 1 they belong to 7 brachiopod species (all of them are rare). IJospiriferina alpina (OPPEL) 4 Liospiriferina cordiformis (BÖSE) 2 Calcirhynchia fascicostata (U H LI G) 1 Liospiriferina cf. obtusa (OPPEL) 1 Salgirella cf. magnicostata (ORMÓS) 1 IJospiriferina sp. 3 IJospiriferina cf. alpina (OPPEL) 1 Zeilleria alpina (GEYER) 6 Liospiriferina obtusa (OPPEL) 1 Zeilleria baldaccii G EMMELLA RO 1 IJospiriferina sp. 2 Zeilleria barilla (GEYER) 2 Zeilleria cf. mutabilis (OPPEL) 2 Zeilleria bicolor (BÖSE) 3 Zeilleria sp. 1 Zeilleria choffati (HAAS) 1 Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL) 7 4c. Schafberg, water pump — Nine brachiopod speci­ Zeilleria sp. 6 mens were found. The identifiable 5 ones represent 4 Bakonyithyris cf. ewaldi (OPPF.L) 1 species. Three ammonoid fragments were also found at 3d. Schafberg, southwestern slopes, scree along the rail­ this collecting point. way — Fourteen brachiopod specimens were found at this Gibhirhynchia ? sp. 1 locality, 7 of them were identifiable that represent 5 species. Liospiriferina cf. alpina (OPPEL) 1 Lobothyris cf. andleri (OPPEL) 1 Cuneirhynchia sp. 1 Zeilleria cf. perforata (PlETTE) 2 Liospiriferina alpina (OPPEL) 2 Zeilleria venusta (Ul-ILIG) 3 Liospiriferina cf. obtusa (OPPEL) 1 Zeilleria sp. 6 Lûbothyris cf. andleri (OPPEL) 2 Securina cf. partschi (OPPEL) 3 Securina cf. partschi (ÜPPEL) 1 Securina aff. securiformis (GEMMELLARO) 1 68 VÖRÖS, A., SZABÓ, J., DULAI, A., iTE, I., EBLI, O. & LOBITZER, H. 5. Mondsee (northern slope of Eibenberg) — This Zeilleria choffati (HAAS) 3 locality yielded a very rich brachiopod fauna: 606 specimens Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL) 29 Zeilleria ci.perforata (PlETTE) 1 were collected, from which 389 ones are unidentifiable fragments. The identified (217) specimens represent 36 6. Schwarzensee, road to Feuchteneck — The embed­ species. Rhynchonellids are very diverse but spiriferinids ding rock is more reddish and micritic, in comparison and zeilleriids are the most common. Linguithyris is also with the other Hierlatz Limestone localities. One hundred frequent at this locality but it is missing from all the and eight specimens were collected (45 ones unidenti­ other collecting points. The accompanying fauna contains fiable fragments) at this collecting point. The identified 5 badly preserved gastropods, 20 bivalves and about a 63 specimens belong to 13 brachiopod species. Terebra- dozen fragments of Echinodermata remains. The badly tulida are the most frequent component of the fauna preserved ammonoids uncertainly refer to the Semicos- (81%), represented mainly by zeilleriids. Zeilleria alpina tatum Zone (Arnioceras sp. (1); Phyiloceras sp. (5); J. PÁLFY, and Z. mutabilis are especially common. Spiriferinids are pers.com.). rather rare. Three bivalve specimens were also found.

Prionorhynchiaflabellum (MENEGHINT in GEMMELLARO) 1 Prionorhynchia greppini (OPPEL) 7 Prionorhynchia greppini (OPPEL) 2 Prionorhynchia guembeli (OPPEL) 1 Prionorhynchia guembeli (OPPEL) 8 Cuneirhynchia cartieri (OPPEL) 4 Prionorhynchia ? hagaviensis (BÖSE) 1 Cuneirhynchia dalmasi (DUMORTIER) 1 Prionorhynchia cf. polyptycha (OPPEL) 3 Cuneirhynchia retusifrons (OPPEL) 1 Cirpa briseis (GEMMELLARO) 4 Gibhirhynchia curviceps (QUENSTEDT) 1 Cirpa planijrons (ORMÓS) 1 Liospiriferina alpina (OPPEL) 3 Cirpa subcosiellata (GEMMELLARO) 6 Liospiriferina aradasi (GEMMELLARO) 2 Calcirhynchia fascicostata (UHLIG) 5 IJospiriferina darwini (GEMMELLARO) 1 Calcirhynchia plicatissima (QUENSTEDT) 2 Liospiriferina obtusa (OPPEL) 3 Salgirella ? magnicostata (ÜRMÖS) 2 Zeilleria alpina (GEYER) 19 Piarorbynchia caroli (GEMMELLARO) 5 Zeilleria baldaccii GEMMELLARO 2 Cuneirhynchia cartieri (OPPEL) 6 Zeilleria bicolor (BÖSE) 5 Cuneirhynchia dalmasi (DUMORTIER) 1 Zeilleria choffati (HAAS) 1 IJospiriferina aequiglobata juv. (LÏHLIG) 1 Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL) 19 IJospiriferina alpina (OPPEL) 53 Zeilleria sp. 5 IJospiriferina brevirostris (OPPEL) 3 Bakonyithyris ewaldi (OPPEL) 1 Liospinferina cordiformis (BÖSE) 1 IJospiriferina darwini (GEMMELLARO) 6 Liospiriferinagryphoidea (UHLIG) 17 7. Suissensee, scree at the shore of the lake — Twenty- IJospiriferina meneghiniana juv. (CANAVARI) 1 five specimens were collected (16 unidentifiable fragments). Liospiriferina obtusa (OPPEL) 4 The identified 9 brachiopods belong to 4 species. IJospiriferinapichleri juv. (NEUMAYR) 1 IJospiriferina sicula (GEMMELLARO) 1 Calcirhynchia plicatissima (QUENSTEDT) 2 IJospiriferina sfgnoi juv. (Dl STEFANO) 1 Cuneirhynchia retusifrons (OPPEL) 1 Orthotoma sp. 5 IJospiriferina angulata (OPPEL) 2 Lobothyris andleri (OPPEL) 4 Zeilleria ba/dacai GEMMELLARO 4 Linguithyris aspasia (Z ITTEL) 18 Zeilleria baldaccii GEMMELLARO 8

Explanation to Plate VI

1-3. Prionorhynchia flabellum (MENEGHINI in GEMMELLARO) — Xl, Mond see. 4—6 Prionorhynchia greppini (OPPEL) — Xl, Mondsee. 7-9 Prionorhynchia guembeli (OPPEL) — xl, Mondsee. 10-12 Prionorhynchia polyptycha (OPPEL) — xl, Schafberg slope, 1575m. 13-15 Cirpa briseis (GEMMELLARO) — Xl, Mondsee. 16-18 Cirpa latifrons (STUR in GEYER) — xl Schafberg slope. 19-20 Cirpaplanifrons (ORMÓS) — xl, Mondsee. 21-23 Cirpa subcosiellata (GEMMELLARO) — Xl, Mondsee. 24-26 Calcirhynchia plicatissima (QUENSTEDT) — Xl, Mondsee. 27-29 Salgirella magnicostata (ORMÓS) — xl, Mondsee. 30-31 Piarorhynchia caroh (GEMMELLARO) — Xl, Mondsee. 32-34 Cuneirhynchia cartieri (OPPEL) — xl, Schafberg slope. 35-37 Cuneirhynchiapalmata (OPPEL) — xl, Schafberg slope. 38—40 Cuneirhynchia retusifrons (OPPEL) — xl, Schafberg slope. 41-43 Liospiriferina alpina (OPPEL) — xl, Mondsee.

VÖRÖS, A., SZABÓ, J., DULAI, A., SZENTÉ, L, EBLI, O. & LOBITZER, H. Palaeontological notes

Prionorhynchia flabellum (MENEGHINI in GEM­ This opinion is not followed in this paper, moreover on MELLARO, 1874) (Plate VI: 1-3) — Five specimens the basis of the differences between the ribs, the beak were found at three collecting points. This species is similar ridges, the planareas and the plication, this species was to P. greppini but it can be distinguished by a wing-like classified into a different genus. Detailed systematic descrip­ widening; its pedicle valve is flat and the brachial valve is tion of this species was given by DULAI (1992 and in press). slightly convex. The Schafberg specimens are smaller than the well-preserved Mondsee material. The figured Prionorhynchia pseudoscherina (BÖSE, 1898) — P. flabellumshow s stronger uniplication than the known This species was described from the Schafberg area by specimens in the literature (e.g. CANAVARI (1880) or BÖSE (1898) and it was also found at three different PARONA (1880)). points along the slopes of the Schafberg during our field works (fourteen specimens). Its valves are rather convex Prionorhynchia greppini (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VI: 4-6) with few rounded ribs. Two similar species are P. forticos­ — Twenty7 six specimens were collected at several locali­ tata and P. guembeli. The former has more numerous ribs ties. It can be distinguished from the similar P. polyptycha at the beaks but the number of ribs decreases towards by the smaller number of the ribs and from the trian­ the anterior margin. The latter has larger and sharper gular Cuneirhynchia palmata by the rounded outline. The ribs. Both species show larger and deeper planareas. planareas are sometimes deep and the lateral commissures slighdy rise from the planareas. Some Schafberg specimens Cirpa briseis (GEMMELLARO, 1874) (Plate VI: 13-15) are unusually convex, these are similar to BÖSE & SCHLOS- — Five specimens were collected at Mondsee. BÖSE SER's figure (1900, pi. 18. fig. 12a). Detailed systematic (1898) mentioned this species from Kramsach and description of this species was given by DULAI (1992 Hinterschafberg. It has few ribs (8-10), the uniplication and in press). is high, the brachial valve is sometimes flat and the outline shows sudden widening from the beak. Sometimes difficult Prionorhynchia guembeH (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VI: 7-9) to distinguish from Cirpa variabilis, because this latter — TWrteen specimens were found at five collecting points. species was shown in the literature as very variable and It generally occurs in small number (one or two speci­ widely interpreted species. mens), with the exception of the Mondsee locality, where it is relatively frequent. Our specimens are not so elongated Cirpa ? latifrons (STUR in GEYER, 1889) (Plate VI: 16- as figured by BÖCKH (1874) and GEYER (1889) but they 18) — It was found at two collecting points of the Schaf­ are similar to OPPEL's (1861) samples. The Schwarzensee berg slopes (5 specimens). The reliable generic classi­ and the Mondsee specimens have few but strong ribs fication of this species is not yet available: SACCHI and very deep planareas. They sometimes show high unipli­ VlALLI & CANTALUPPI (1967) mentioned as member of cation. A similar species was described from Hungary as Prionorhynchia while. SULSER (1993) used Fissirhynchia with "R." forticostata by BÖCKH (1874). This latter species has question mark. Recendy Cirpa with (or without, e.g. in fewer ribs at the anterior margin but it has more and smaller SlBLÍK 2002) question mark have been used by several ribs near the beak. authors (e.g. VÖRÖS 1997; BÖHM et al. 1999; DULAI 1992 and in press). The Schafberg specimens are more convex

Prionorhynchia ? hagaviensis (BÖSE, 1898) — Only than the Hungarian Lókút material. The uniplication is four specimens occured at three collecting points. This strongly asymmetrical at the Schafberg specimens. The species was described from Kramsach and Schafberg by Schafberg material is very similar to GEYER's (1889) BÖSE (1898) but it was also mentioned from other areas figures. The number of ribs is higly variable both amongst (e.g. KULCSÁR 1914 from Hungary). A similar form was GEYER's (1889) Hierlatz brachiopods and the recently found in the Early Liassic formations of the Gerecse Mts, collected Schafberg specimens. This species was described which was identified as "Rlynchonella" triquetra (T3ULAI in in detail from the Hungarian Hettangian and Early press). P. ? hagaviensis has larger size and its outline is more Sinemurian formations (DULAI 1992 and in press). angular. The Mondsee specimen is small, flat and trian­ gular, while the material found above the Schafbergalpe Cirpa planifrons (ORMÓS, 1937) (Plate VI: 19-20) — is larger with bifurcated ribs (10) and its outline is not so Only two specimens were found at two localities. This angular. BÖSE (1898) mentioned fewer ribs (5-7). The species was described from the Bakony Mts by ORMÓS generic identification of this species is uncertain: SlBLÍK (1937) but meanwhile it was also mentioned from the (2002) classified it into Pisirhynchia with question mark. Austrian Alps (Steinplatte: SlBLÍK 1993, Adnet: BÖHM et al. 1999). A closely related form was found in the Hun­ Prionorhynchia polyptycha (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VI: garian deeper water Hettangian formations (Tata, Kálvá­ 10—12) — Thirteen brachiopods were found at four ria-domb; Cirpa aff. planifrons: DULAI in press). C. fronto localities. Some of them are large and wide with very- shows very similar form but this latter species has fewer deep planareas, however the figured specimen is smaller ribs, which are evenly strong throughout the whole and not so wide. BÖHM et al. (1999) and SlBLÍK (2002) valves, while the ribs become gradually stronger towards regarded this species synonymous with Cuneirhynchia fraasi. the anterior margin in C planifrons. The Schafberg speci- men is flattened but it has box-like anterior margin and described a relative taxon with very different characters bifurcated ribs. The valves are relatively flat at the Mondsee (ribs do not run throughout along the valves; very wide specimen, but they shows also box-like form. uniplication with more ribs; definite planareas). Detailed systematic description of this species was given by DULAI Cirpa subcosiellata (GEMMELLARO, 1878) (Plate VI: (1993 and in press). 21-23) — Fourteen specimens were collected at five localities of the Schafberg slopes and Mondsee. Some Salgirella ? cf. magnicostata (ORMÓS, 1937) (Plate VI: Hungarian Sinemurian specimens (Gerecse Mts) has high 27-29) — Seven specimens were collected at five loca­ uniplication, while other samples (Márkó) show smaller lities along the Schafberg slopes and Mondsee. This species uniplication (DULAI in press). This latter form is more was described from similar facies of the Bakony Mts by similar to the figures given by GEMMELLARO (1878) and ORMÓS (1937, Kék-hegy, Hierlatz type limestone). Accor­ BÖSE (1898). The uniplication is very variable at the ding to ORMÓS (1937) S. magnicostata is one of the biggest Schafberg material: higher at railway terminus and lower at rhynchonellids in the Bakony Mts (3 cm in length). It is Mondsee. The uniplication is asymmetrical (mainly at Mond­ similar to S. albertii but this latter species has stronger and see) and the ribs are sometimes bifurcated. The studied sharper ribs. The valves are rather convex and wider than specimen is very wide at the railway terminus. The long (one specimen is more flattened and uniplicate) at convexity of the pedicle and brachial valves are equal; it the Schafberg slopes. The Mondsee specimens show 10—12 is a difference from the Hungarian material but it is similar strong ribs, slight uniplication and more flattened valves. to BÖSE's (1898) figures. It is the first record of this species from the Northern Calcareous Alps. Calcirhynchia fascicostata (UHLIG, 1879) — Eight small-sized brachiopods were found at three collecting Homoeorhynchia ? prona (OPPEL, 1861) — Only one points. BÖSE & SCHLOSSER (1900) and PRINCIPI (1910) fragmentary7 specimen was found on the slopes of the showed high uniplication but at the same time UHLIG's Schafberg. The generic classification of the species is (1879) material and the Hungarian Sinemurian specimens uncertain but recently several authors classified this (DULAI in press) show rectimarginate anterior commis­ species into Homoeorhynchia with question mark (e.g. sure or the uniplication is very low. The uniplicate specimen VÖRÖS 1997; SlBLÍK 2002; DULAI in press). SlBLÍK found at the tunnel of Schafberg is unusually large. AlJvíÉ- (1993) mentioned closely relative form from the Alps RAS (1964) classified this species into Sqttamirhynchia with Ç'rXIynchonella" aff.prona, Steinplatte). Detailed systematic question mark, but recently VÖRÖS (1997) and SlBLÍK description is given by DULAI (in press). (2002) regarded this species as member of Caldrhynchia. Piarorbynchia ? caroh (GEMMELLARO, 1878) (Plate Calcirhynchia pHcatissima (QUENSTEDT, 1852) (Plate VI: 30-31) — Eight brachiopods were collected at three VI: 24—26) — Fifteen brachiopods were found at four collecting points. This species was regarded as synony­ collecting points. The Suissensee specimen is small and mous with C. cartieri \n an earlier publication (DULAI 1992) roundish with few ribs (10—11, of which four are stronger at but this view is not followed in this paper. The Schafberg the middle part of the shell). The smaller specimens are specimens are quite bigger and wider than the Early more flattened, while the larger ones are more globular at Sinemurian material from the Gerecse Mts (DULAI in the railway terminus of Schafberg. The figured material press). The Mondsee specimens are especially wide. The from Mondsee shows 1—1 stronger ribs running to the pedicle valve is very flat and the planareas are not so comers of the anterior margin. The uniplication is strong and deep. The ribs are sometimes bifurcated. The generic angular. Detailed systematic description was given by DULAI classification of the species is uncertain. SULSER (1993) 7 (1992) and the variability of this species (convexity, unipli­ classified this species into Calcirhynchia hut VÖRÖS (1997) cation) is shown by DULAI tin press). SULSER (1993) ranged and SlBLÍK (2002) opinion is followed in this paper. this species into Mediterranirhynchia with question mark. Cuneirhynchia cartieri (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VI: 32-34) Calcirhynchia sp. — Two badly preserved specimens — Sixteen specimens were found at four localities. C. occurred along the slopes of Schafberg. A small and flat cartieri and Piarorbynchia ? caroli are regarded as separate specimen with few weak ribs was found at the railway species in this paper and not synonymous as in DULAI station terminal. It has fewer ribs than C. fascicostata, (1992). The pedicle valves of the Mondsee specimens are without bifurcation. very flat. The same phenomenon can be observed at some other species of this locality7; it was probably caused Salgirella cf. albertii (OPPEL, 1861) — Two brachio­ by local environmental factors, e.g. currents. One of the pods were collected on the Schafberg slopes. Both are specimens from the Schwartzensee is flat, its planareas are poorly preserved but they show few and strong ribs, small and the anterior commissure is slightly sulcate. Some without planareas. The new subspecies (minor) described C. cartieri, found on the Schafberg slopes, have rather convex by ORMÓS (1937) probably does not belong to S. albertii valves, they are similar to the globular specimens, found because of the high number of ribs and the very low at Lókúti-domb of the Bakony Mts (DULAI 1990, 1992). uniplication. (The re-examination of the Kék-hegy loca­ lity in the Bakony Mts is in progress). HAAS (1912) also Cuneirhynchia dalmasi (DUMORTIER, 1869) — Only mous with C. retusifrons. Detailed systematic description two specimens were collected at Mondsee and Schwar- of this species was given by DULAI (1992 and in press). zensee localities. This species is similar to C. retusifrons but it has flatter pedicle valve and its outline is more triangular. Cuneirhynchia palmata (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VI: 35-37) Triangular (e.g. Dl STEFANO 1891) and pentagonal (e.g. — Only one well-preserved specimen was found on the SlBLÍK 1964) forms were also classified into this species slopes of Schafberg. It has triangular outline and few in the literature. It is a small-sized, flat form with very few strong ribs, which become stronger towards the anterior ribs. The ribs can be observed only at the anterior margin. margin. Both valves are rather flat. The beak ridges are strong and the planareas are deeper than at the other Cuneirhynchia aff. dalmasi (DUMORTIER, 1869) — Cuneirhynchia species of the studied material. The anterior Only one specimen was found along the slopes of Schaf­ commissure is slightly uniplicate; the plica is wide and berg. It is a very small-sized form and both valves are flat. angular. Our specimen is very similar to GEYER's (1889) Its ribs are even weaker than at the typical C. dalmasi. material from the Hierlatzberg. This species was classi­ The only specimen is fragmentary but its outline seems fied into Prionorhynchia by SlBLÍK (2002) but VÖRÖS's to be less triangular. The beak ridges of the pedicle valve (1997) opinion is followed in this paper. are strong but the planareas are very7 small. The anterior commissure is rectimarginate. Gibhirhynchia curviceps (QUENSTEDT, 1858) — Only one specimen occurred at Schwarzensee locality7. Biconvex Cuneirhynchia fraasi (OPPEL, 1861) — Only one speci­ form, the brachial valve is more convex. The anterior men occurred along the slopes of Schafberg. SlBLÍK (1993) commissure is uniplicate and slightly asymmetrical. The did not give generic identification to this species in the plica is wide but not high. The ribs become gradually stron­ absence of the knowledge of the inner morphological ger towards the anterior margin. The ribs of the studied characters but later classified this species into Prionorhynchia specimen do not show bifurcation, as it was observed at and regarded synonymous with P. polyptycha (in BÖHM et al. the Sinemurian material of Hungary (DULAI in press). 1999 and SlBLÍK 2002). At the same time SlBLÍK mentioned the significant differences in the inner morphological charac­ Liospiriferina aequiglobata (UHLIG, 1900) — Only ters between the Adnet specimens and the P. polyptycha from one small juvenile specimen was found at Mondsee. The 7 the DSkuti-domb of the Bakony Mts published by DULAI convexity of the pedicle and brachial valve is similar, and (1992). BÖHM et al.'s (1999) and SlBLÍK's (2002) opinion is the width bigger than the length. This species is similar not followed in this paper. It can be distinguished from C to Liospiriferina alpina but the beaks of the pedicle and cartieri by the larger size and the more pentagonal outline. brachial valves are nearly at the same heights here, while there are significant differences in the position of the Cuneirhynchia retusifrons (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VI: beaks at L. alpina. Another difference is the presence of a 38—40) — Three specimens were collected at three loca­ small sulcus. Another similar species is L moriconii where lities. The outline and the ribs of this form are rather the sulcus is not significant. BÖHM et al. (1999) mentio­ variable. The outline is concave at the anterior margin. Two ned Liospiriferina aff. obtusa from Adnet, which is very stronger ribs run to the corners of the anterior margin. similar to this form. From the Northern Calcareous The studied specimens of the Schafberg slopes are larger Alps, this is the first record of L aequiglobata. Detailed than the Hungarian material at the Lókúti-domb locality systematic description of the species is given by DULAI and its brachial valve is more convex. "PàynchonelW carti- (in press). erijormis described by VÍGH (1943) is probably synony-

Explanation to Plate VII

I- 3 Liospiriferina aradasi (GEMMELLARO) — xl, Schafberg slope. 4—6 Liospiriferina brevirostris (OPPEL) — xl, Mondsee. 7-10 Liospiriferina cordiformis (BÖSE) — xl, Mondsee. II- 13 Liospiriferina darwini (GEMMELLARO) — xl, Schafberg slope. 14-17 Liospiriferina obtusa (OPPEL) — xl, Schafberg slope, 1550m. 18-20 Lobothyris punctata (SOWERBY) — xl, Schafberg slope, 1550m. 21-23 Viallithyris gozzanensis (PARONA) — xl, Schafberg slope, 1575m. 24-26 Zeilleria baldaccii GEMMELLARO — xl, Mondsee. 27-29 Zeilleria batilla (GEYER) — Xl, above the Schafbergalpe. 30-31 Zeilleria bicolor (BÖSE) — xl, above the Schafbergalpe. 32-34 Zeilleria perforata (PlETTE) — xl, Schafberg slope, 1550m. 35-37 Zeilleria venusta (UHLIG) — Xl, Mondsee. 38-40 Bakonyithyris ewaldi (OPPEL) — xl, Schafberg slope, 1550m. 41—42 Securina partschi (OPPEL) — Xl, Schafberg, upper railway terminus. 43-45 Securina aff. securiformis (GEMMELLARO) — xl, Mondsee.

Liospiriferina alpina (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VI: 41-43) guished by the angle between the interarea and the comis- — One hundred and eighteen specimens were found at sures (45° at L sylvia and 85° at L darwini). Detailed syste­ fourteen collecting points. This species is missing only at matic description is given by DULAI (in press). one locality, where the specimen number was rather low. L alpina was the most frequent taxon during our field Liospiriferina gryphoidea (UHLIG, 1879) — This work. It is similar to L. brevirostris but its brachial valve is species occurred at one locality only but it can be found not so flat, the beak of the pedicle valve is not so curved rather frequently at Mondsee (seventeen specimens). It is and the length is larger than the width. Detailed systematic similar to L. brevirostris but the beak of the pedicle valve description was given by DULAI (1992 and in press). is more curved and the outline is more elongated. The Schafberg specimens are generally small- to medium-sized, Liospiriferina angulata (OPPEL, 1861) — Ten elongated forms. This is the only brachiopod taxon in brachiopods occurred at five localities. Similar species the studied material, which can be regarded as not fixed are L. obtusa and L. darwini, where the beak of the pedicle form but free living in the loose sediment. Detailed valve is not so pointed as in L angulata. Our specimens systematic description is given by DULAI (in press). are very small-sized at the railway station terminal and Suissensee localities but larger along the Schafberg slopes. Liospiriferina meneghiniana (CANAVARI, 1880) — Detailed systematic description was given by DULAI Only one small-sized juvenile pedicle valve was collected (1992 and in press). at Mondsee locality. The small beak is very7 high. It is similar to L angulata, but its beak is slightly curved and Liospiriferina aradasi (GEMMELLARO, 1878) (Plate not so pointed. It was also mentioned from the Pliens­ VII: 1—3) — Eight specimens were found at four bachian formations of the Transdanubian Central Range collecting points. This species is similar to L. pichleri, but by VÖRÖS (1997) but it is the first record of this species the beak of the pedicle valve is wider, more elongated from the Northern Calcareous Alps. and very7 high. L pichleri shows a small sulcus, which can be followed from the anterior margin to the beak of the Liospiriferina obtusa (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VII: 14-17) pedicle valve. Another similar species is L alpina, but the — L obtusa is relatively frequent brachiopod taxon in beak is quite stronger and more curved at L aradasi. This the studied region: twenty-five specimens occurred at is the first record of this species from the Northern ten collecting points. A specimen found at the tunnel of Calcareous Alps. Detailed systematic description is given Schafberg has rather pointed sulcus and it shows a transi­ by DULAI (in press). tional form to L. acuta. The beak of the Schwarzensee specimen is broken and probably slighdy convex, therefore

Liospiriferina brevirostris (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VII: its identification is uncertain. The sulcus of two Mondsee 4—6) —Five large-sized specimens were collected along specimens are rather distorted but otherwise the forms the Schafberg slopes and at Mondsee locality7. This species are not deformed. At some brachiopods the beaks are is very similar to L alpina, but its beak is more curved and nearly at the same heights; the beak of the brachial valve the brachial valve is flatter. In the absence of the brachial is wider and larger, while the beak of the pedicle valve is valve it is difficult to distinguish the two species. Its valves slightly pointed. Similar taxa are L, angulata and L sicula, are sometimes slightly ribbed at the anterior margin. distinguishing characters were described by DULAI (1992 Detailed systematic description was given by DULAI (1992 and in press). and in press). Liospiriferina pichleri (NEUMAYR, 1879) — Only one Uospiriferina cordiformis (BÖSE, 1898) (Plate VII: 7-10) very small juvenile pedicle valve was collected at Mondsee — Three specimens occurred at two localities. This species locality. This species is very similar to L alpina but a small was described from Schafberg area by BÖSE (1898). Two sulcus developed from the beak and its beak is narrower. brachial valves were found above the Schafbergalpe: they SlBLÍK (1993) mentioned the differences between the are ven7 convex with not high but wide and strongly outlines and the short hinge line. The small uniplication curved beaks. Both valves are very convex at the figured shows an important difference between L. pichleri and L specimen, the brachial beak is large and strongly curved. meneghiniana. Detailed systematic description was given The beak of the pedicle valve is broken, it is probably higher by DULAI (1993 and in press). than the brachial beak. Width is larger than the lenght. Liospiriferina rostrata (SCHLOTHEIM, 1822) — Only Liospiriferina darwini (GEMMELLARO, 1878) (Plate three specimens were found at one collecting point VII: 11—13) — Sixteen specimens were found at five along the slopes of Schafberg. It is similar to L. alpina collecting points of the Schafberg slopes and at Mond­ but it shows slight sinus and small uniplication. Fine ribs see. The Schafberg material generally consists of small- were frequently mentioned in the literature, but they are sized forms. The depth and the development of the not observed at the Schafberg material. BÖSE's (1898) sulcus is very variable at the studied specimens. L. sylvia specimens from the Schafberg area are also smooth. is a similar form but these two species can be cüstin- Liospiriferina sicula (GEMMELLARO, 1874) — Seven Lobothyris punctata (SOWERBY, 1812) (Plate VII: 18-20) specimens were collected at three localities. The Mondsee — Eight specimens occurred at three collecting points specimen is badly preserved with very deep sulcus. This along the slopes of the Schafberg. Very variable form with species is very similar to L obtusa but it is larger and it several described subspecies; this variability was demonst­ has larger and wider uniplication. SlBLÍK (in BÖHM et al. rated by GEYER (1889) and PARONA (1885). L andleri also 1999) regarded these two species synonymous. This opi­ was regarded earlier as subspecies of L punctata. It is smal­ nion is not followed in this paper and later SlBLÍK (2002) ler and not so convex than L andleri. It has more or less himself mentioned also both L sicula and L. obtusa from oval outline. Detailed systematic description of the species the Northern Calcareous Alps. Detailed systematic descrip­ was given by DULAI (1992 and in press). tion was given by DULAI (1992 and in press). Viallithyris gozzanensis (PARONA, 1880) (Plate VII: Liospiriferina zignoi (Dl STEFANO, 1891) — Only 21—23) — Eight specimens were found at one collecting one very small juvenile specimen occurred at Mondsee point of the Schafberg slopes. Relatively large-sized, sub- locality. The brachial valve is flat, while the pedicle valve pentagonal form with rather convex valves. The anterior is very convex. The area is flat and the angle between the commissure is rectimarginate or slightly sulcate. VÖRÖS the interarea and the commissure is about 60—70°. The (1978) ranged this species into his newly described genus rounded rectangular outline is slightly oval; width is Viallithyris. BÖSE (1898) mentioned V. go^anensis from larger than length. This is the first record of this species several locality of the Schafberg area. from the Northern Calcareous Alps. Linguithyris aspasia (ZlTTEL, 1869) — This species

7 Orthotoma apenninica (CANAVARI, 1883) — Only was found only at one locality (Mondsee) but it was one small specimen was found at the railway station upper relatively frequent there. The Mondsee specimens from terminus of Schafberg. Both valves are very flat, the con­ the Semicostatum Zone are small to medium-sized: they vexity of the pedicle and brachial valve is the same. The are generally larger than the Hungarian Early Sinemurian outline is oval and width is slightly larger than length in material from Lókút Hill or Vöröshíd quarry (Dulai 1992 CANAVARI'S (1883) original description. The Schafberg and in press; Bucklandi Zone), however smaller than the material is similar to this form. It was also mentioned from Pliensbachian forms of the Transdanubian Central Range. the Pliensbachian formations of the Transdanubian Cent­ It seems that the evolution of this species can be charac­ ral Range (VÖRÖS 1997). This is the first record of this terised by a more or less continuous size increasing. species from the Northern Calcareous Alps. Several authors mentioned the similarity between L aspasia and L nimbata. These species were regarded as Orthotoma sp. — Five small specimens were collected synonymous by the author (DULAI 1992). According to at Mondsee locality7. Their form differs from O. apenninica PROSOROVSKAYA & VÖRÖS (1988), the author of L in the outline that is ovate in the Schafberg specimens, aspasia is ZlTTEL (1869) [not MENEGHINI (1853)]. If this being longer than wide and the valves are not so flat. subjective synonymy were accepted, L nimbata would have priority. However, the name of L aspasia is much Lobothyris andleri (OPPEL, 1861) — Twenty speci­ more widely used and known, therefore it might be mens were found along the Schafberg slopes and at suggested for status of "nomen conservandum". Formerly, Mondsee. AGER (1990) and ALMÉRAS & FAURÉ (2000) this species has been ranged into several genera (Terebratula, studied Lobothyris genus in detail and they synonymized Waldheimia, Pygope, Glossothyris, Propygope, Nucleata) but SuCIC-PROTIC's (1971) several new genera with Lobothyris. recently Linguithyris is generally accepted. The species BÖHM et al. (1999) showed a L andleri specimen with nimbata was regarded as Rhapidothyris with question rounded outline, while the Hungarian Hettangian speci­ mark by SlBLÍK (2002) Detailed systematic descrip­ mens were more elongated and subpentagonal in outline tion was given by DULAI (1992 and in press). (DULAI 1993). We have also found specimens with rounded outline along the Schafberg slopes. The studied Zeilleria alpina (GEYER, 1889) — It is a widespread Schafberg specimens are generally large and both valves species in the Schafberg area: seventy-six specimens are slightly convex. Both wider and narrower forms were found at seven collecting points. Some of them are occurred at Mondsee. Detailed systematic description was small, juvenile specimens. SlBLÍK (1993) synonymized given by DULAI (1993 and in press). Zeilleria baconica complanata subspecies, described by BÖCKH (1874) with the studied species. However, the Lobothyris delta (NEUMAYR, 1879) — Only one speci­ investigation of the inner morphological characters of men was found on the slopes of Schafberg. This species the Hungarian Hettangian specimens refers to Lobothyris has already mentioned from several localities of the Northern (see DULAI 1993). SlBLÍK (1993) identified a specimen Calcareous Alps (e.g. Breitenberg, Eiberg) by SlBLÍK with small sulcus as belonging to this species. However, (1999). It is similar to L andleri but its outline is more elon­ the name could be applied only for specimens with gated. The pedicle valve is more convex than brachial one. rectimarginate anterior commissure. Detailed systematic The beak of the Schafberg specimen is not so strong than description was given by DULAI (1992 and in press). it was shown by SlBLIK (1999). Zeilleria baldaccii GEMMELLARO, 1874 (Plate VII: slopes and at Mondsee locality. The beak is missing and 24—26) — Twenty three specimens were collected at six the anterior margin is concave in specimens, found at the localities of the Schafberg area. Both valves of the studied "water pump" locality. The maximum thickness of the brachiopods are very flat and they have raindrop-shaped figured specimen is near to the beak of the brachial valve forms. Its beak is much higher than in the case of Z. and it shows strongly convex valves. alpina. Z. aff. baldacci was mentioned from the Late Sine­ murian of the Bakony Mts by VÖRÖS (1997). Zeilleria venusta (UHLIG, 1879) (Plate VII: 35-37) — Nine specimens occurred along the Schafberg slopes and Zeilleria batilla (GEYER, 1889) (Plate VII: 27-29) — at Mondsee. It is relatively large form, both valves are Ten specimens were found at three collecting points along strongly convex. The valves meet at obtuse angle at the the Schafberg slopes. It shows pentagonal outline, but the lateral and anterior commissures, therefore it has box­ lateral margins are parallel to each other from the middle like shape. One of the Schafberg specimens shows of length to the anterior margin; in this way this species atypical morphology': width is larger than length (though can be distinguished from Z. mutabilis. Some specimens it is a bit compressed). Three fragmentary brachiopods are flatter than the figured one. Z. batilla was described by were found at Mondsee; the figured one is typical. GEYER (1889) from the same facies of the Hierlatzberg. Detailed systematic description is given by DULAI (in press). Securina partschi (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VII: 41-42) — Fourteen brachiopods were collected on the Schafberg Zeilleria bicolor (BÖSE, 1898) (Plate VII: 30-31) — slopes and at Mondsee. Large-sized and fragmentary Ten brachiopods were found at five collecting points along specimens occurred at the Schafberg slopes with large the Schafberg slope and at Schwarzensee. This species was planareas. One specimen shows strongly curved and poin­ described from the Schafberg area by BÖSE (1898). The ted pedicular beak. Width and length are nearly equal in beak ridges of the pedicle valve are high, straight, while the the specimens, foond at the railway terminus; but it is beak is slighdy incurved and hood-like. It is similar to Z. not so extreme form than was figured by FUCINI (1895). mutabilis, but its oudine is oval and the valves are more All the Mondsee specimens are surprisingly small-sized. convex. Another similar form is Z. livingstonei, but the outline of this latter species is rounded triangular. Securina aff. securiformis (GEMMELLARO, 1874) (Plate VII: 43—45) — Only two fragmentary specimens occurred Zeilleria choffati (HAAS, 1885) — Nineteen specimens on the Schafberg slopes and at Mondsee. It can be distin­ were collected at five localities of the Schafberg area. Some­ guished from S. partschi by the rounded outline and the times it is similar to the subtriangular variety of Z. mutabilis convex anterior margin. The Schafberg specimen is frag­ but it has more convex valves and the maximum width is at mentary but it shows convex ventral outline and not so the middle of the length. The anterior margin is sometimes deep planareas. The two valves do not meet at acute angle concave (BÖHM et al. 1999). Detailed systematic description at the anterior commissure than in Dl STEFANO's (1891) was given by DULAI (1992 and in press). material; it is more similar to BÖSE & SCHLOSSER's (1900) figure 17. The Mondsee specimen has rounded triangular Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL, 1861) — One of the most outline, with straight lateral margins and strongly convex common Sinemurian brachiopod species of the Schafberg anterior margin. Both valves are convex and they meet at area: one hundred and two specimens were found at eight obtuse angle at the commissures, therefore they have box­ collecting points. According to SlBLIK (1993) this is the like shape. The planareas are not deep, they have plain most common and most variable Zeilleria species in the surfaces (unfortunately the preservation is not very good Alpine area. Similar forms are Z. alpina and Z. choffati (see at the planareas). The pedicular beak is broken, its DULAI 1992). ANTOSTCHENKO (1973) classified this convexity is unknown. S. securiformis was never mentioned species erroneously into Spinulotbyris. Forms of pentagonal from the Northern Calcareous Alps. oudine occurred at the tunnel of Schafberg, while oval and wider specimens were found at the upper terminus of the Bakonyithyris ewaldi (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VII: 38- railway station. Detailed systematic description was given 40) — Five specimens were found at four collecting by DULAI (1992, 1993 and in press). points of the Schafberg area. The outline of the Schaf­ berg specimens are not elongated than OPPEL's (1861) Zeilleria oenana (BÖSE, 1898) — Five specimens were figure Id, they are more similar to figure la or PARONA's collected at three localities along the Schafberg slopes. (1880) material, but its sulcus is not so deep. Our figured This species was described from the Schafberg area by specimen is small-sized, relatively flat and the sulcus is BÖSE (1898). Both valves are flat and the beak of the not well-developed (it may be a juvenile form). An pedicle valve is hood-like. It is similar to Z. mutabilis, but extremely large form was also found along the Schafberg it shows more rounded outline, higher beak and a very slope. Both valves are strongly convex at the Schwarzen­ small sulcus. see specimen, its outline is similar to GEYFLR's (1889)

Zeilleria perforata (PlETTE, 1856) (Plate VII: 32-34) figure 5. on plate 4. It is small sized and the maximum — Four specimens were found along the Schafberg width is shifted towards the anterior margin. Early Jurassic fauna and facies of the Schafberg area Pliensbachian brachiopods

Brachiopods were collected at five localities from the dominated by the large-sized species Securithyris adnethensis red, micritic, and sometimes coarsely crinoidal Pliens­ (SUESS), it may suggest that the brachiopod associations bachian limestones. This formation is exposed in a rather closely reflect the composition of the original narrow belt along the northern foot of Schafberg and communities. The state of preservation is medium (or consists of Upper Triassic "Plattenkalk", penetrated by poor at Meislalm), but the inarticulated (single) brachio­ vertical neptunian dykes filled with red, crinoidal-bra- pod valves are subordinate; this also speaks against a chiopodal limestones of Pliensbachian age. This unit can longer transport of the shells. All but three of the 19 be interpreted as a remnant of an Early Jurassic subma­ identified species were known previously from the rine horst. In the Pliensbachian, due to repeated distensive Schafberg area (BÖSE 1898). The composition of the tectonic movements, gigantic fissures opened along the fauna shows great resemblance to the Late Pliensbachian rim of the submarine horst. These trapped most of the brachiopod fauna of the Bakony Mts: except Cirpa briseis biodetritus and lime mud what was previously swept and (GEMMELLARO), Prionorhynchia aff. hagaviensis (BÖSE), carried down to the southern basin. Our main collecting Cuneirhynchia aff. dalmasi (DUMORTIER) and Liospiriferina points were at Suissensee, Mittersee, along the road from semicircularis (BÖSE), the other 15 species are known also Schwarzensee to Feichtingeck and at Meislalm. from the Bakony. In conclusion, the Schafberg fauna belon­ The brachiopod fauna collected from the Pliens­ ged definitely to the Mediterranean Province but shows bachian red limestones is very diverse: the 383 specimens transitional features between the Appennino-Transdanubian belong to at least 27 species. In most localities the fauna is and the Carpatho-Sicilian Subprovinces of VÖRÖS (1987).

Pliensbachian localities and their brachiopod faunas (with specimen numbers)

8. Suissensee-W (along path, leaclmg to Himmelspforte) 11. Aschergraben (above Schwarzensee, along the forestry road leading to Feichtingeck) Rhynchonellida indet. 1 Koninckodonta sp. 1 Apringia ? sp. 1 IJospiriferina semicircularis (BÖSE) 1 Cirpa ? sp. 1 IJospiriferina sp. indet. 2 Cirpa cf. briseis (GEMMELLARO) 1 Viallithyris go-^anensis (PARON A) 6 Koninckodonta sp. 3 Zeilleria ? sp. 1 Liospiriferina cf. alpina (OPPEL) 1 Liospiriferina sp. 8 9. Suissensee-Kar (crest between Mittersee and RJjapidothyris ? sp. 4 Suissensee) Unguithyris aspasia (ZlTTEL) 1 Bakonyithyris cf. ovimontana (BÖSE) 8 Apringia cf. altesiniiata (BÖSE) 3 Bakonyithyris sp. 3 IJospiriferina sp. indet. 2 Brachiopoda indet. 3 Securithyris adnethensis (SUESS) 2 Linguithyris aspasia (ZlTTEL) 1 12a. Meislalm (above Schwarzensee) Viallithyrisgo^anensis (PARONA) 1 Lobothyris ? sp. 2 Apringia paolii (G\NAVARl) 3 Brachiopoda indet. 2 Apringia diptycha (BÖSE) 2 Apringia altesinuata (BÖSE) 8 10. Mittersee (Lobitzer's point ÖK 65) (N of Schafberg) Apringia sp. 5 Cirpa cf. briseis (GEMMELLARO) 1 Prionorhynchia ? hagaviensis (BÖSE) 1 Apringia cf. paolii (CANAVARI) 6 Koninckodonta cf. waehneri (BlTTNER) 3 Apringia cf. diptycha (BÖSF.) 1 Liospiriferina semicircularis (BöSF.) 1 Apringia cf. altesinuata (BÖSE) 1 IJospiriferina sp. 9 Apringia sp. indet. 6 Securithyris adnethensis (SUESS) 46 Cuneirhynchia aff. dalmasi (DUMORTIER) 3 RJjapidothyris ? cf. ovimontana (BÖSE) 1 Rhynchonellida indet. 17 Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL) 8 Liospiriferina sicula (GEMMELLARO) 1 Bakonyithyris cf. ovimon tana (BÖSE) 13 Liospiriferina globosa (BÖSE) 2 Brachiopoda indet. 8 Liospiriferina sp. indet. 25 Koninckodonta sp. 4 Orthotoma ? sp. 1 12b. Meislalm (above Schwarzensee) (isolated block Lobothyris ? sp. 1 of ammonitic Hierlatz Limestone) Linguithyris aspasia (ZlTTEL) 3 Securithyris adnethensis (SUESS) 68 Prionorhynchia ? aff. hagaviensis (BÖSE) 1 Viallithyrisgos^anensis (PARONA) 1 Apringia cf. paolii (CANAVARI) 2 Zeilleria cf. bicolor (BÖSE) 2 Apringia sp. indet. 2 Bakonyithyris ovimontana (BÖSE) 10 Koninckodonta sp. 1 Terebratulida indet. 15 Liospiriferina sp. 5 Brachiopoda indet. 21 Unguithyris aspasia (ZlTTEL) 3 Bakonyithyris sp. 1 Brachiopoda indet. 5 VÖRÖS, A., SZABÓ, J., DULAI, A., SZENTÉ, L, EBLI, O. & LOBITZER, H. Palaeontological notes

Apringia paolii (CANAVARI, 1880) (Plate VIII: 1-6) — hagaviensis described from the Schafberg fauna by BÖSE This species is represented by 11 specimens in our (1898). Its small size and general shape and ornamen­ material collected mainly at Meislalm (Schwarzensee). A. tation would suggest its possible attribution to Lokutella paolii is a variable but very typical member of its genus, but the relationship of the anterior and lateral commis­ and stands morphologically close to the type species A. sures speaks in favour of Prionorhynchia as a host genus. This giuppa (DE GREGORIO 1886). It is very common in the species was tentatively placed into the genus Pisirhynchia by Pliensbachian of the Apenninic (Umbria-Marchean) and SlBLÍK (2002) but this opinion is not accepted here. the Bakony Mts localities, and well characterises the "Apennino-Transdanubian Subprovince" of VÖRÖS Prionorhynchia ? aff. hagaviensis (BÖSE, 1898) (Plate (1987). VILI: 15-17) — This single specimen is definitely closely rela­ ted to Prionorhynchia ? hagaviensis but its rather strong and Apringia cf. altesinuata (BÖSE, 1898) (Plate VIII: 7-9) somewhat irregular ribbing may indicate that it belongs to — This species was described by BÖSE (1898) from the another species. Schafberg region and, accordingly, we have collected it in great number (12). It stands close to A. stoppanii (PARO­ Cuneirhynchia ? aff. dalmasi (DUMORTIER, 1869) (Plate NA, 1880) which may be considered as its senior syno­ VIII: 20-22) — BÖSE (1898) found numerous specimens nym. In contrast to the almost smooth shell surface, the of C. dalmasi in the Schafberg fauna. Our specimens (3) highly uniplicate anterior commissure is, in most cases, stand close to this species but differ by rather dense and aberrantly asymmetrical. This feature was recorded both irregular ribbing in the wide uniplication. in the Schafberg and in the Hungarian (Fenyveskut) Koninckodonta cf. waehneri (BlTTNER, 1894) (Plate material and possibly has a palaeoecological reason, e.g. VIII: 29) — We have found three specimens of this tiny, the individuals of this species lived in dense, overpacked concavo-convex and frequently overlooked species. populations. Koninckinids were characteristic members of the commu­ nities üving on the rocky submarine horsts in Early Jurassic Apringia cf. diptycha (BÖSE, 1898) (Plate VIII: 10-12) — It was collected in moderate quantity (3 specimens). This times (VÖRÖS 1986, 2002); this supports our palaeogeo- 7 characteristic, completely smooth and strongly biplicate graphic model, i.e. that the sedimentär) material of the rhynchonellid species very much resembles A. mariottii fissure filling Pliensbachian red limestone derived (ZlTTEL, 1869), which latter has fine ribs on its lateral parts. from a submarine horst region.

Cirpa cf. briseis (GEMMELLARO, 1874) (Plate VIII: Liospiriferina sicula (GEMMELLARO, 1874) (Plate VIII: 18-19) — We have collected two specimens of this 26—28) — The single specimen collected is a typical species which characterises the "Carpatho-Sicilian" Sub- representative of the species L sicula. It is closely related province of the Mediterranean Province (VÖRÖS 1987). to L obtusa (OPPEL, 1861); the main difference is in their outline, L sicula being more elongated transversally. Prionorhynchia ? hagaviensis (BÖSE, 1898) (Plate VIII: 13—14) — The single specimen probably belongs to P.

=> Explanation to Plate VIII

1—3 ApringiapaoUi(CANAVARI) — xl, Schwarzensee, Meislalm, Pliensbachian red limestone. 4-6 Apringia paoUi (CANAVARI) — xl, Sch warzensee, Meislalm, Pliensbachian red limestone. 7—9 Apringia altesinuata (BÖSE) — xl, Schwarzensee, Meislalm, Pliensbachian red limestone. 10—12 Apringia diptycha (BÖSE) — xl, Schwarzensee, Meislalm, Pliensbachian red limestone. 13—14 Prionorhynchia ? hagaviensis (BÖSE) — Xl, Schwarzensee, Meislalm, Pliensbachian red limestone. 15—17 Prionorhynchia aff. hagaviensis (BÖSE) — xl, Schwarzensee, Meislalm, Block of ammonitic Hierlatz Limestone. 18—19 Cirpa cf. briseis (GEMMELLARO) — xl, Schwarzensee, Aschergraben (road to Feichtingeck), Pliensbachian red limestone. 20—22 Cuneirhynchia aff. dalmasi (DUMORTIER) — xl, Schafberg, Mittersee, Pliensbachian red limestone. 23—25 Liospiriferina semicircularis (BÖSE) — xl, Schafberg, Suissensee (western side), Pliensbachian red limestone. 26—28 Liospiriferina sicula (GEMMELLARO) — Xl, Schafberg, Mittersee, Pliensbachian red limestone. 29 Koninckodonta cf. waehneri BlTTNER — x2,5, Schwarzensee, Meislalm, Pliensbachian red limestone. 30—31 Linguithyris aspasia (ZlTTEL) — xl, Schafberg, Mittersee, Pliensbachian red limestone. 32—34 Linguithyris aspasia (ZlTTEL) — Xl, Schwarzensee, Aschergraben (road to Feichtingeck), Pliensbachian red limestone. 35—37 Viallithyris gozzanensis (PARONA) — Xl, Schafberg, Suissensee (western side), Pliensbachian red limestone. 38—40 Securithyris adnethensis (SUESS) — xl, Schwarzensee, Meislalm, Pliensbachian red limestone. 41—42 Securithyris adnethensis (SUESS) — Xl, Schafberg, Mittersee, Pliensbachian red limestone. 43—45 Bakonyithyris ovimontana (BÖSE) — Xl, Schafberg, Mittersee, Pliensbachian red limestone. 46—48 Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL) — Xl, Schwarzensee, Meislalm, Pliensbachian red limestone.

IJospiriferina semicircularis (BÖSE, 1898) (Plate VIII: adnethensis is the type species of the genus Securithyris 23-25) — This species was described by BÖSE (1898) VÖRÖS, 1983. from the Schafberg fauna. Our specimens (2) represent a transversally less elongate variant showing the characte­ Viallithyris gozzanensis (PARONA, 1880) (Plate VIII: ristic, almost straight, asymmetrically gently deflected ante­ 35-37) — The eight, mostly incomplete specimens show rior commissure. the characteristic, wide, well demarcated, straight sinus of the anterior commissure. This diagnostic Mediterranean Unguithyris aspasia (ZlTTEL, 1869) (Plate VIII: 30-34) species is the type of the genus Viallithyris VÖRÖS, 1978. — This most characteristic Mediterranean species is copiously represented in our collected material (12 speci­ Bakonyithyris ovimontana (BÖSE, 1898) (Plate VIII: mens). Many authors cited L, aspasia with MENEGHINI 43-45) — This species is the second most frequent in as author. However, MENEGHINI (1853) mentioned this our collected material (31 specimens). It stands close to species name only in a faunal list, therefore his record B. pedemontana (PARONA, 1893) the type species of Bako­ must be taken as nomen nudum. The first author to nyithyris VÖRÖS, 1983, but differs in its usually larger describe L, aspasia was ZlTTEL (1869). size, the wider and fiat sinus of the anterior commissure, and the presence of a narrow, elongate sulcus on the Securithyris adnethensis (SUESS, 1855) (Plate VIII: umbonal part of the brachial valve. 38-42) — This species was collected in an outstanding number (116) and it seems to be a consequently domi­ Zeilleria mutabilis (OPPEL, 1861) (Plate VIII: 46-48) nant species of the Schafberg fauna: BÖSE (1898) found — This very common and widespread Mediterranean several hundred specimens. The large variation range gave Lower Jurassic species was found in eight specimens in a sound basis to BÖSE (1898) to synonymize the species the Pliensbachian red limestones of the Schafberg area. adnethensis with adnethica SUESS, 1861. This was followed byI t is more frequent in the Sinemurian Hierlatz lime­ RENZ (1932) with the inclusion of the widely used synonym stones; further comments on this species were given in erbaensis SUESS in PlCTET, 1867. The senior synonym the respective part of this paper.

Acknowledgements — The fieldwork was helped by the Hungarian Natural History Museum, the Geologische Bundesanstalt and Hungarian Geological Institute. The Hungarian Scientific Research Fund supported the study of the fossils was [brachiopods: OTKA T032028, T043325; gastropods: T 031873). The authors are indebted for the identification of the ammonites to József PÁLFY (Joint Palaeontological Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Science and Hungarian Natural History Museum. Daniel SZABÓ took the excellent photos of the gastropods and the brachiopods.

References

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Authors' addresses: Dr. Attila VÖRÖS Dr. István SZENTE Research Group for Palaeontology, Hungarian Academy of Eötvös University, Department of Palaeontology Sciences - Natural History Museum, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. sétány 1/c Geological and Palaeontological Department e-mail: [email protected] Hungarian Natural History Museum Budapest, Múzeum krt. 14—16 Dr. Oskar EBLI Mail: 1431 Budapest, pf. 137 Universität München, Institut für Paläontologie Hungary und Historische Geologie e-mail: [email protected] Richard Wagner Straße 10 D-80333 München Dr. János SZABÓ e-mail: [email protected] Geological and Palaeontological Department Hungarian Natural History Museum Dr. Harald LOBITZER Budapest, Múzeum krt. 14—16 Geologische Bundesanstalt Mail: 1431 Budapest, pf. 137 Rasumofskygasse 23 Hungary A-1031 Wien e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]

Dr. Alfréd DULAI Geological and Palaeontological Department Hungarian Natural History Museum Budapest, Múzeum krt. 14—16 Mail: 1431 Budapest, pf. 137 Hungary e-mail: [email protected]