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Nomenclatural Changes, New Country Records and Range Extensions of Baridinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from China

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Nomenclatural Changes, New Country Records and Range Extensions of Baridinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from China Zootaxa 3841 (3): 339–363 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3841.3.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FCBA5D0D-AA6B-4CB9-9104-6D682F7A9802 Nomenclatural changes, new country records and range extensions of Baridinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from China JENS PRENA1, JIANI YANG2, LI REN1, ZHILIANG WANG1, NING LIU1 & RUNZHI ZHANG1,3 1Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China 2School of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Thirteen relatively frequently collected species of baridine weevils from mainland China were mapped to improve our understanding of biogeographic patterns and distributional ranges of Baridinae in the Palaearctic and Oriental regions. This simple case study showed that taxonomists tend to underestimate the spatial scope required in regional investigations and descriptive works often resulting in widespread species being described numerous times. Several apparently uncom- mon species with uncertain relationships, known previously only from moderately high latitudes in the Palaearctic region, showed Oriental affinities. In each region, species may occur over many thousands of kilometers not only in East-West but also in North-South directions. New synonyms are Mimophilus Faust (=Baridiomorphus Voss), Acythopeus inflatiro- stris Vos s (=Acythopeus proximus Voss), Baris albisquama Zaslavskij (=Baris ljaodunensis Zaslavskij), Mimophilus tragicus Faust (=Baridiomorphus conicollis Voss), Moreobaris deplanata (Roelofs) (=Acythopeus patruelis Voss), Baris pilosa Roelofs (=Baris blennus Marshall, =Baris piliventris Zaslavskij, =Baris pygidialis Voss, =Baris suvorovi Reitter), Baris artemisiae (Panzer) (=Baris corvina Voss), Pellobaris melancholica (Roelofs) (=Paracythopeus collaris Voss), Pteridobaris maritima (Roelofs) (=Baris quinquecarinata Zaslavskij) and Ulobaris kuchenbeisseri Hartmann (=Baris pseudospitzyi Zaslavskij, =Baris ussuriensis ussuriensis Zaslavskij, =Baris ussuriensis chinganensis Zaslavskij). New combinations are Athesapeuta gracilis (Voss) (from Eumycterus Schönherr), Athesapeuta inornata (Voss) (from Baris Germar) and Nespilobaris inflatirostris (Voss) (from Acythopeus Pascoe). Baridius vestitus Perris (not Boheman) and Baris pygidialis Hustache (not Voss) are newly recognized primary homonyms. A lectotype is designated for Moreobaris deplanata. Twenty-four species are recorded newly from China. Key words: weevils, distribution, life history, Palaearctic, Oriental Introduction The currently available information on Chinese baridine weevils is scarce and fraught with problems. The French missionary J. P. A. David (1826–1900) apparently was the first to collect specimens in remote parts of China during the 1860s and 70s. A few others were collected somewhat later in exploritory expeditions under N. M. Prževalskij, G. N. Potanin and B. Széchenyi. This and other material from more accessible regions was described by European coleopterists but generally remained poorly known. Baridines from China did not enter the scientific literature before Deyrolle & Fairmaire (1878). In the 20th Century, E. Voss was the most prolific student of the group in the region and described a total of 28 species (Voss 1932, 1934, 1937, 1939, 1941, 1953, 1956, 1958). Numerous of his specimens were collected in the Wuyi Mountains (Fujian Province) in 1937/38 by J. Klapperich and 1946 by Tschung Sen, while those of his early papers came from various European collections, such as Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt and the G. Frey Collection. Voss rarely provided meaningful comparisons with already described species so the identities of his species often remained unknown. Moreover, the type material retained by him and Klapperich is difficult to find or has been destroyed. Voss lost his first collection by bombing in April 1945 Accepted by R. Anderson: 12 Jun. 2014; published: 28 Jul. 2014 339 (E. Voss, in litt. to A. Howden) while numerous paratypes he retained afterward were reported missing when his second collection came to Hamburg (Weidner 1976, 1979). Klapperich dispersed much of his private collection after he left the Koenig Museum Bonn in 1952 (Lucht 1988) and the weevil types were no longer in his possession when he died in 1987 (W. Schawaller, in litt.). A very useful recent publication by Ulmen et al. (2010) documents the types presently housed at the Koenig Museum but there is still no complete overview about other repositories. Our own search revealed that apparently all missing Chinese weevil types of the Klapperich Collection went to Stockholm. These problems are aggravated further by the still prevailing lack of biological and distributional data on Asian weevils in general. Even many modern studies fail to integrate regionally obtained results with existing published information, admittedly a difficult task given the vast size of the continent and the complexity of many taxonomic problems. Isolated descriptions have led to species name proliferation especially when species are widespread, and it can be extremely challenging to untangle a taxonomically unwieldy group that lacks adequate biogeographic information. In the present study, we provide an overview of some widespread and relatively frequently collected species from mainland China. Our rationale is that these examples will give some guidance on the regional scope needed in future studies of this group. They also may be useful in the planning of fieldwork that targets other, less well-known species. Material and methods The study is based primarily on the weevil collection housed in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. Most specimens were collected during the past 50 years, but some date back as far as the late 1910s. Also included is material of the Chinese-Russian expeditions to Yunnan in 1955–57. To this we added data from the literature and major museum collections as indicated under each species. All records were databased and geographic coordinates of collecting sites were determined mostly by the second author with GoogleEarth. In the next step, distributions were explored with GoogleEarth and species with significantly extended ranges were selected for this study. A few were excluded because of ongoing revisions (i.e., Limnobaris Bedel, Malvaevora Zaslavskij and Parallelodemas Faust by the present authors, Anthinobaris Morimoto & Yoshihara by S. Davis & H. Kojima). The maps presented in this paper were generated with PanMap and the GTOPO30 data set of the US Geological Survey, EROS data center (Pangea.de). The boundary between the Palaearctic and Oriental regions was taken from Hoffmann (2001) and depicts the southern limit of his transitional zone. Other biogeographers placed this boundary further south (e.g., Udvardy 1975) or north (e.g., Chen et al. 2008), but this generally does not conflict with the conclusions made in our study. The following codens are used to refer to collections in the text: AKMB Alexander Koenig Museum, Bonn, Germany; BMNH The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom; EAGM Ecole d’Agriculture, Montpellier, France; HBU Hebei University Entomological Collection, Hebei, China; HNHM Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest; INHS Illinois State Natural History Survey, Champaign, U.S.A.; IZCAS Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; KEIU Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; KUEC Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; MNHN Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; MSNG Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria”, Genoa, Italy; NHMB Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel, Switzerland; NHRS Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden; NKMB Naturkundemuseum, Berlin, Germany; RBINS Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; SDEI Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany; SFFM Senckenberg Naturforschendes Museum, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; SNMC Slovenské Národné Muzeum, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; 340 · Zootaxa 3841 (3) © 2014 Magnolia Press PRENA ET AL. SNSD Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen, Dresden, Germany; USNM Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington D.C., U.S.A.; UUZM Uppsala University, Sweden; ZAFU Zhejiang A & F University, Zhejiang, China; ZIN Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; ZSM Zoologische Staatssammlung, Munich, Germany. We made an effort to locate and document type material, but many syntypes are dispersed and more may be found elsewhere. Results Our collection-based survey indicates that at least 160 species of baridine weevils occur in China. Many are represented in collections by only a few specimens, but there is already good coverage of the entire country. We selected thirteen relatively commonly found species from this material and document them in greater detail in the following section. New country records are given in the second section. Acythogaster babaulti (Hustache) (Figs. 1, 17) Acythopeus babaulti Hustache 1928: 17. Four syntypes from Bajaura, Himachal Pradesh, India (MNHN, SNSD); one examined. Transferred to Acythogaster by Heller (1940). Diagnosis. The flat, triangularly projected elytral apices (Fig. 1) are diagnostic for A. babaulti and this was the chief reason
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