Brian Bauer CV

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Brian Bauer CV BRIAN S. BAUER Ph.D. Department of Anthropology (MC 027) 1007 West Harrison Street, Room 2102 University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Il 60607-7139 [email protected] EDUCATION University of Chicago Ph.D., Anthropology/Archaeology, 1990. University of Michigan CIC Traveling Scholar, 1984. Cambridge University Masters of Philosophy, Archaeology, 1981. Vassar College BA, Anthropology (With Honors), 1980. Dissertation: State development in the Cuzco Region: Archaeology research on the Incas in the province of Paruro. AREAS OF EXPERTISE Development of complex societies, archaeological and ethnohistorical theory and method, Andean civilizations, European-American contact UNIVERSITY APPOINTMENTS 2002-present Full Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Chicago 1998-02 Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, UIC 1995-98 Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, UIC 1994-95 Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, UIC 1994 Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Cuzco MUSEUM APPOINTMENTS 1995-present Adjunct Curator, Department of Anthropology, The Field Museum 1990-95 Research Associate, Department of Anthropology, The Field Museum MAJOR UNIVERSITY AND DEPARTMENTAL SERVICES 2009-present: Director of Graduate Studies, Department of Anthropology 2015-present:UIC Graduate College Awards Committee for the Behavioral and Social Sciences Division. 2015- 2016: Faculty Liaison to the Office of Social Science Research 2006 Member, Provost search committee for Dean of LAS 2004 Member, All-Campus Promotion and Tenure Committee 2003 Member, Provost search committee for Dean of LAS 2002 Associate Dean, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences 2002 Director of Undergraduate Studies, Department of Anthropology. 2001 CIC Leadership Training Fellowship. (Nominated by LAS Dean, Stanley Fish) 2000 Chair, Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Chicago 1 MAJOR PUBLIC SERVICE 2004 Reorganized the Andahuaylas City Museum, in Andahuaylas, Peru. Awarded the Medalla de Oro of the City of Andahuaylas at the opening of the museum. This museum is now an educational and tourist destination in the Department of Apurimac. NATIONAL RESEARCH GRANTS 2014 National Geographic Grant for "The Mine of Death: An archaeological investigation of mercury mining in colonial Peru." (CRE Grant #9491-14 $20,000) 2009-11 National Science Foundation Research Grant for “Shrine Worship among the Incas” (three year grant: BCS 0910432: $96,000). 2008 National Geographic Grant for “Shrine worship among the Incas” (8468-08 $20,000). 2007-08 National Endowment for the Humanities Writing Fellowship for “The Chanka Research Project: the development of native lords in the Andes” ($40,000 FA-53142). 2005 National Geographic Grant for The Royal Inca Mummy Project (Phase 3) (EC 0251-05: $20,400). 2004 National Geographic Grant for The Royal Inca Mummy Project (Phase 2) (EC 0209-04: $23,000). 2001-03 National Science Foundation Research Grant for The Chanka Archaeological Project (three year grant: NSF 0107074: $87,853). 2000 National Endowment for the Humanities Writing Fellowship for The Cuzco Valley Archaeological Project (FA-35942: $30,000). 1998-01 National Science Foundation Research Grant for The Cuzco Valley Archaeological Project (SBR 9806971: $43,323). 1998 National Endowment for the Humanities for The Cuzco Valley Archaeological Project (FT- 43222; $4,000). 1998 National Geographic Grant for Cuzco Valley Archaeological Project. ($18,000). 1994-96 National Science Foundation Research Grant for The Cuzco Ceque System Research Project. (three year grant SBR-9307513: $36,000). 1994 Fulbright Senior Scholar Award for The Cuzco Ceque System Research Project. ($9,000). 1993 National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Writing Fellowship for The Cuzco Ceque System Research Project (FB-30115-93: $21,000). 1992 National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Research Grant for The Cuzco Ceque System Research Project. (RO-22282-9; $16,280). 1986 Fulbright-Hays Fellowship for dissertation research in Peru. ($16,000). 1986 Organization of American States Fellowship for dissertation in Peru. ($4,500). MAJOR HONORS 2016-17 Dumbarton Oaks Senor Research Fellowship for “The Lord of Vilcabamba” (ca. $60,000) 2011 UIC Researcher of the Year Award (UIC Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research). 2004 Gordon R. Willey Prize for the best archaeology paper published in the American Anthropologists (2002-2004), by the Society for American Anthropologists. Bauer, Brian S. and R. Alan Covey “Processes of State Formation in the Inca Heartland (Cuzco, Peru).” American Anthropologist, 10(3): 846-864. 1998 University Scholar for outstanding teaching and research [University of Illinois at Chicago, Springfield, and Urbana-Champaign]. 1992 Honorable Mention for Ph.D. dissertation by the Society for American Archaeology. 1980 Maguire Fellowship for study in Western Europe (Cambridge University) 2 OTHER RESEARCH GRANTS, AWARDS AND HONORS: 2018 HOPE Award for Undergraduate Teaching (Honoring Our Professors' Excellence: Campus Housing), UIC 2016 Institute for the Humanities (UIC), The Lord of Vilcabamba ($2500) 2015 International travel award from the Office of the Dean of LAS ($800) 2014 Office of Social Science Research (UIC) for research assistant ($9,000) Institute for the Humanities (UIC) for “Continued Archival Research on Mercury Mining In Colonial Peru” ($ 4,016) 2013 Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research (UIC) for The Huancavelica Archaeological Project ($20,000) Institute for the Humanities (UIC) for field research ($6000). 2012 Office of Social Science Research (UIC) for field research ($8000) 2008 Brennan Foundation grant for field research ($5,000). 2007 Office of Social Science Research (UIC) for field research (ca. $ 2,500) 2005 Faculty Writing Fellowship, The Institute for the Humanities, The University of Illinois at Chicago. 2004 John Heinz III Charitable Trust, for the Chanka Archaeological Project ($7,200). 2002 Institute for the Humanities (UIC) for publication support ($1,500). 2001 Brennan Foundation grant for field research ($5,000). John Heinz III Charitable Trust, for the Chanka Archaeological Project ($7,900). Institute for the Humanities (UIC) for publication support ($1,500). Research Sabbatical, for one semester ($25,000). 2000 Campus Research Board, (IVCR-AAH) UIC, for field research ($14,500). Office of Social Science Research (UIC) for field research ($2,212). MUCIA International Program Development Travel Grant ($1,000). Nuveen Center for International Affairs Development Fund ($500). 1999 Field Museum of Natural History Collections Study Grant ($3,500). Institute for the Humanities (UIC) for publication support ($1,500). 1998 Office of Social Science Research Grant, UIC for Cuzco Valley Archaeological Project ($1,500). Institute for the Humanities (UIC) for publication support. ($1,500). 1997 John Heinz III Charitable Trust, for the Cuzco Valley Archaeological Project ($8,000). Campus Research Board (UIC) for field research ($14,475). Institute for the Humanities (UIC) for museum research ($905). UIC foreign travel funds. ($1,082). Office of Social Science Research (UIC) for field research ($1,500).Humanities Faculty Writing Fellowship, for The Islands of the Sun and the Moon project, ($ 40,000). 1996 Pollock/Dudley Award for Solar Observations at the Origin Place of the Sun. David Dearborn and Brian Bauer) ($1,757). Research Funds from UIC for The Island of the Sun Archaeological Project ($30,000). Faculty Writing Fellowship, The Institute for the Humanities, The University of Illinois at Chicago. 1996 Office of Social Science Research Grant, UIC for The Shrines of the Inca Heartland. ($2,100). Skaggs Foundation Research Grant for The Cuzco Valley Archaeological Project ($20,000). Wenner-Gren Research Grant for The Island of the Sun Archaeological Project (Charles Stanish and Brian Bauer) ($8,585). 1992 Pollock/Dudley Award for “Astronomy and Empire in the Ancient Andes.” (David Dearborn and Brian Bauer) ($1,500). 1991 Guttman Foundation Grant for The Cuzco Ceque System Research Project ($5,000) Collections Study Grant, American Museum of Natural History ($500). 1990 Skaggs Foundation Research Grant for The Cuzco Ceque System Research Project ($12,500). 3 1986 Skaggs Foundation Research Grant for The Pacariqtambo Archaeological Project ($7,500). 1985 Skaggs Foundation Research Grant for The Pacariqtambo Archaeological Project ($10,000). Tinker Fellowship, travel grant, Peru ($1,500). 1984 CIC Traveling Scholar at University of Michigan. 1983 Mellon Travel Grant travel grant, Peru ($1,500). 1981 Garrod Grant from Cambridge University for research in Peru ($1000). 1979 Illinois Institute of Archaeology scholarship. BOOKS AND LARGE MONOGRAPHS: Bauer, Brian S, Javier Fonseca Santa Cruz, and Miriam Aráoz Silva 2015 Vilcabamba and the archaeology of Inca resistance. Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California: Los Angeles. Bauer, Brian S. 2011 Estudios Arqueológicos sobre los Incas. With contributions by David S. P. Dearborn, Bradford M. Jones, Matthew Seddon, and Charles Stanish. Translated by Gabriel E. Cantarutti. Centro de Estudios Regionales Andinos, “Bartolomé de Las Casas” Cuzco, Perú. Bauer, Brian S., Lucas C. Kellett and Miriam Aráoz Silva 2010 The Chanka: Archaeological Research in Andahuaylas (Apurimac), Peru. With contributions by: Sabina Hyland and Carlo Socualaya Dávila. Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California: Los Angeles Bauer, Brian S. (editor)
Recommended publications
  • New Age Tourism and Evangelicalism in the 'Last
    NEGOTIATING EVANGELICALISM AND NEW AGE TOURISM THROUGH QUECHUA ONTOLOGIES IN CUZCO, PERU by Guillermo Salas Carreño A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology) in The University of Michigan 2012 Doctoral Committee: Professor Bruce Mannheim, Chair Professor Judith T. Irvine Professor Paul C. Johnson Professor Webb Keane Professor Marisol de la Cadena, University of California Davis © Guillermo Salas Carreño All rights reserved 2012 To Stéphanie ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation was able to arrive to its final shape thanks to the support of many throughout its development. First of all I would like to thank the people of the community of Hapu (Paucartambo, Cuzco) who allowed me to stay at their community, participate in their daily life and in their festivities. Many thanks also to those who showed notable patience as well as engagement with a visitor who asked strange and absurd questions in a far from perfect Quechua. Because of the University of Michigan’s Institutional Review Board’s regulations I find myself unable to fully disclose their names. Given their public position of authority that allows me to mention them directly, I deeply thank the directive board of the community through its then president Francisco Apasa and the vice president José Machacca. Beyond the authorities, I particularly want to thank my compadres don Luis and doña Martina, Fabian and Viviana, José and María, Tomas and Florencia, and Francisco and Epifania for the many hours spent in their homes and their fields, sharing their food and daily tasks, and for their kindness in guiding me in Hapu, allowing me to participate in their daily life and answering my many questions.
    [Show full text]
  • Visual Epistemologies of Resistance: Imaging Virgins and Saints in Contemporary Cusco
    Revista de Estudios Globales y Arte Contemporáneo| Vol. 7 | Núm. 1| 2020 | 237-266 Omar Rivera, Patrick Hajovsky Southwestern University, VISUAL EPISTEMOLOGIES OF Texas, US RESISTANCE: IMAGING VIRGINS AND SAINTS IN CONTEMPORARY CUSCO The project of indigenous modernity can emerge from the present in a spiral whose movement is a continuous feedback from the past to the future—a “principle of hope” or “anticipatory cons- ciousness”—that both discerns and realizes decolonization at the same time. -Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui (citing Ernst Bloch)1 In Andean aesthetics, visuality is a site of epistemic tension and a continual reverberation of colonialism. Through art that aligns with pre- 1 Ch’ixinakax utxiwa: A Reflection on the Practices and Discourses of Decolonization, The South Atlantic Quarterly 111:1 (Winter 2012): 95-109, 96. Revista de Estudios Globales y Arte Contemporáneo ISSN: 2013-8652 online http://revistes.ub.edu/index.php/REGAC/index http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ colonial indigenous epistemologies, contemporary Andean artists resist colonial and post-colonial cultural domination. In particular, they resist viewers’ designation of “syncretic” or “hybrid” to produce knowledge about art that has been fashioned by indigenous hands. Epistemological claims of “syncretism” and “hybridity” may be intended to transcend the borders between “us” and “them,” between West and non-West, or between eras in Latin America that depend on the presence or absence of Spanish colonists, but such iterations can reinvest viewers in a history of misrecognition. Nevertheless, such terms are not sedimented, for indigenous artists continue to reclaim visuality as they steadfastly hold a mirror toward artistic and epistemic paradigms that attempt to translate, erase, or manage localized colonial differences.
    [Show full text]
  • Ophir De España & Fernando De Montesinos's Divine
    OPHIR DE ESPAÑA & FERNANDO DE MONTESINOS’S DIVINE DEFENSE OF THE SPANISH COLONIAL EMPIRE: A MYSTERIOUS ANCESTRAL MERGING OF PRE-INCA AND CHRISTIAN HISTORIES by NATHAN JAMES GORDON A.A., Mt. San Jacinto College, 2006 B.A., University of Colorado, 2010 M.A., University of Colorado, 2012 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Colorado in partial fulfillment of the requirment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Spanish and Portuguese 2017 This thesis entitled: Ophir de España & Fernando de Montesinos’s Divine Defense of the Spanish Colonial Empire: A Mysterious Ancestral Merging of pre-Inca and Christian Histories written by Nathan James Gordon has been approved for the Department of Spanish and Portuguese Andrés Prieto Leila Gómez Gerardo Gutiérrez Núria Silleras-Fernández Juan Dabove Date The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. ii ABSTRACT Gordon, Nathan James (Ph.D., Spanish Literature, Department of Spanish and Portuguese) Ophir de España & Fernando de Montesinos’s Divine Defense of the Spanish Colonial Empire: A Mysterious Ancestral Merging of pre-Inca and Christian Histories Thesis directed by Associate Professor Andrés Prieto Over the last two centuries, Books I and III of Ophir de España: Memorias historiales y políticas del Perú (1644) by Fernando de Montesinos have been generally overlooked. The cause of this inattention is associated with the mysterious and unique pre-Columbian historical account from Book II, which affords the most extensive version of Andean genealogy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Moche Lima Beans Recording System, Revisited
    THE MOCHE LIMA BEANS RECORDING SYSTEM, REVISITED Tomi S. Melka Abstract: One matter that has raised sufficient uncertainties among scholars in the study of the Old Moche culture is a system that comprises patterned Lima beans. The marked beans, plus various associated effigies, appear painted by and large with a mixture of realism and symbolism on the surface of ceramic bottles and jugs, with many of them showing an unparalleled artistry in the great area of the South American subcontinent. A range of accounts has been offered as to what the real meaning of these items is: starting from a recrea- tional and/or a gambling game, to a divination scheme, to amulets, to an appli- cation for determining the length and order of funerary rites, to a device close to an accountancy and data storage medium, ending up with an ‘ideographic’, or even a ‘pre-alphabetic’ system. The investigation brings together structural, iconographic and cultural as- pects, and indicates that we might be dealing with an original form of mnemo- technology, contrived to solve the problems of medium and long-distance com- munication among the once thriving Moche principalities. Likewise, by review- ing the literature, by searching for new material, and exploring the structure and combinatory properties of the marked Lima beans, as well as by placing emphasis on joint scholarly efforts, may enhance the studies. Key words: ceramic vessels, communicative system, data storage and trans- mission, fine-line drawings, iconography, ‘messengers’, painted/incised Lima beans, patterns, pre-Inca Moche culture, ‘ritual runners’, tokens “Como resultado de la falta de testimonios claros, todas las explicaciones sobre este asunto parecen in- útiles; divierten a la curiosidad sin satisfacer a la razón.” [Due to a lack of clear evidence, all explana- tions on this issue would seem useless; they enter- tain the curiosity without satisfying the reason] von Hagen (1966: 157).
    [Show full text]
  • An Exploration of the Impacts of Climate Change on Health and Well Being Among Indigenous Groups in the Andes Region
    AN EXPLORATION OF THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON HEALTH AND WELL BEING AMONG INDIGENOUS GROUPS IN THE ANDES REGION By HALIMA TAHIRKHELI Integrated Studies Project submitted to Dr. Leslie Johnson in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts – Integrated Studies Athabasca, Alberta June, 2010 2 Table of Content Abstract p.3 Introduction p.4 Andean Native Traditional Way of Life p.9 Environmental Change in the Andean Region p.12 Environmental Stress of Alpine Plants p.23 Impact of Climate Change on Natural Resources p.29 Microfinance p.40 Conclusion p.50 References p.52 List of Figures and Tables Figure 1 Map of Peru p.12 Figure 2 Surface Air Temperature at p.19 tropical Andes between 1939 and 2006 Figure 3 Change in length of ten tropical Andean p.23 glaciers from Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia between 1930-2005 Figure 4 Picture of the Queen of the Andes p.25 Table 1 The Diet of Nunoa Quechua Natives p.30 Table 2 Nutritional Value of the Major Peruvian p.32-33 Andean Crops Table 3 Uses of Medicinal Plants from the Callejon p.38 de Huaylas 3 Abstract The Andean areas of Peru, South America are declared to be extremely vulnerable to global warming and these regions are facing major challenges in coping with climate change. One native group from this area, in particular, the Quechua, is the focus of this paper. The Quechua communities include Huanca, Chanka, Q’ero, Taquile, and Amantani, but, for the purposes of my analysis, all of these groups will be dealt with together as they share similar use of natural resources for food and medicine (Wilson, 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • Inca Statehood on the Huchuy Qosqo Roads Advisor
    Silva Collins, Gabriel 2019 Anthropology Thesis Title: Making the Mountains: Inca Statehood on the Huchuy Qosqo Roads Advisor: Antonia Foias Advisor is Co-author: None of the above Second Advisor: Released: release now Authenticated User Access: No Contains Copyrighted Material: No MAKING THE MOUNTAINS: Inca Statehood on the Huchuy Qosqo Roads by GABRIEL SILVA COLLINS Antonia Foias, Advisor A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors in Anthropology WILLIAMS COLLEGE Williamstown, Massachusetts May 19, 2019 Introduction Peru is famous for its Pre-Hispanic archaeological sites: places like Machu Picchu, the Nazca lines, and the city of Chan Chan. Ranging from the earliest cities in the Americas to Inca metropolises, millennia of urban human history along the Andes have left large and striking sites scattered across the country. But cities and monuments do not exist in solitude. Peru’s ancient sites are connected by a vast circulatory system of roads that connected every corner of the country, and thousands of square miles beyond its current borders. The Inca road system, or Qhapaq Ñan, is particularly famous; thousands of miles of trails linked the empire from modern- day Colombia to central Chile, crossing some of the world’s tallest mountain ranges and driest deserts. The Inca state recognized the importance of its road system, and dotted the trails with rest stops, granaries, and religious shrines. Inca roads even served directly religious purposes in pilgrimages and a system of ritual pathways that divided the empire (Ogburn 2010). This project contributes to scholarly knowledge about the Inca and Pre-Hispanic Andean civilizations by studying the roads which stitched together the Inca state.
    [Show full text]
  • Viracocha Christ Among the Ancient Peruvians?
    Viracocha Christ among the Ancient Peruvians? Scott Hoyt There came from a southern direction a white man of great stature, who, by his aspect and presence, called forth great veneration and obedience. This man who thus appeared had great power, insomuch that he could change plains into mountains, and great hills into valleys, and make water flow out of stones. As soon as such power was beheld, the people called him the Maker of created things, the Prince of all things, Father of the Sun. For they say that he performed other wonders, giving life to men and animals, so that by his hand marvellous great benefits were conferred on the people. In many places he gave orders to men how they should live, and he spoke lovingly to them . admonishing them that they should do good . and that they should be loving and charitable to all. In most parts he is generally called Ticiviracocha. [And] that wherever [he] . came and there were sick, he healed them, and where there were blind he gave them sight by only uttering words.1 —Pedro de Cieza de León, Catholic Historian, 1550 iracocha was the principal deity of ancient Peru, and according to Vthe cronistas (Catholic historians, mostly priests, arriving in Peru 1. Pedro de Cieza de León, The Second Part of the Chronicle of Peru (El Seno- rio de los Incas), trans. and ed. Clements R. Markham (1874; London: Hakluyt Society, 1883; repr. Boston: Elibron Classics, 1999), 5–6. Senorio was originally handwritten in 1550. Citations are to the 1999 edition. BYU Studies Quarterly 54, no.
    [Show full text]
  • Los Sigchos, El Último Refugio De Los Incas Quiteños. Una Propuesta Preliminar
    Bulletin de l'Institut français d'études andines 40 (1) | 2011 Varia Los Sigchos, el último refugio de los incas quiteños. Una propuesta preliminar Tamara Estupiñán Viteri Edición electrónica URL: http://journals.openedition.org/bifea/1684 DOI: 10.4000/bifea.1684 ISSN: 2076-5827 Editor Institut Français d'Études Andines Edición impresa Fecha de publicación: 1 abril 2011 Paginación: 191-204 ISSN: 0303-7495 Referencia electrónica Tamara Estupiñán Viteri, « Los Sigchos, el último refugio de los incas quiteños. Una propuesta preliminar », Bulletin de l'Institut français d'études andines [En línea], 40 (1) | 2011, Publicado el 01 octubre 2011, consultado el 01 mayo 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/bifea/1684 ; DOI : 10.4000/bifea.1684 Les contenus du Bulletin de l’Institut français d’études andines sont mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International. IFEA Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Études Andines / 2010, 40 (1): 191-204 Los Sigchos, el último refugio de los incas quiteños. Un avance preliminar Los Sigchos, el último refugio de los incas quiteños Una propuesta preliminar Tamara Estupiñán Viteri* INTRODUCCIÓN Estudiar a Rumiñahui, el hombre más leal a Atahualpa y el principal líder de la resistencia del Quito-Inca contra los conquistadores españoles, ha sido un desafío para mí. Durante casi una década he pasado escudriñando en distintos archivos y bibliotecas, transcribiendo documentos y analizando las diferentes lecturas acerca de su proceder. También he buscado de montaña en montaña otras pistas que me ayuden a descifrar por qué Rumiñahui, sin ser un inca de nobleza pero sí de privilegio, en un momento de drama, desesperación y caos, pudo organizar un ejército compuesto por incas y por varias naciones locales de poco más o menos 50 000 hombres para enfrentarse a los conquistadores españoles y los indios aliados, con lo cual evitó, además, la segmentación política inmediata de esos territorios.
    [Show full text]
  • A Thesis Entitled Knotted Numbers, Mnemonics, and Narratives: Khipu
    A Thesis entitled Knotted Numbers, Mnemonics, and Narratives: Khipu Scholarship and the Search for the “Khipu Code” throughout the Twentieth and Twenty First Century by Veronica Lysaght Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in History ________________________________________ Charles Beatty-Medina, Committee Chair ________________________________________ Roberto Padilla, Committee Member ________________________________________ Kim Nielsen, Committee Member _______________________________________ Amanda Bryant-Friedrich, Dean College of Graduate Studies The University of Toledo July 2016 Copyright 2016, Veronica Lee Lysaght This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. An Abstract of Knotted Numbers, Mnemonics, and Narratives: Khipu Scholarship and the Search for the “Khipu Code” throughout the Twentieth and Twenty First Century by Veronica Lysaght Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in History The University of Toledo July 2016 My thesis explores the works of European and North American khipu scholars (mainly anthropologists) from 1912 until 2010. I analyze how they incorporated aspects of their own culture and values into their interpretations of Inca khipus’ structure and functions. As Incas did not leave behind a written language or even clear non-written descriptions of their khipus, anthropologists interpreted khipus’ purposes with a limited base of Inca perspectives. Thus, every work of khipu literature that I study reflects both elements of Inca culture and the author’s own cultural perspectives as a twentieth or twenty-first century academic. I show how each work is indicative of modern cultural views on writing, as well as academic movements and broader social trends that were prominent during the author’s time.
    [Show full text]
  • Measuring the Passage of Time in Inca and Early Spanish Peru Kerstin Nowack Universität Bonn, Germany
    Measuring the Passage of Time in Inca and Early Spanish Peru Kerstin Nowack Universität Bonn, Germany Abstract: In legal proceedings from 16th century viceroyalty of Peru, indigenous witnesses identified themselves according to the convention of Spanish judicial system by name, place of residence and age. This last category often proved to be difficult. Witnesses claimed that they did not know their age or gave an approximate age using rounded decimal numbers. At the moment of the Spanish invasion, people in the Andes followed the progress of time during the year by observing the course of the sun and the lunar cycle, but they were not interested in measuring time spans beyond the year. The opposite is true for the Spanish invaders. The documents where the witnesses testified were dated precisely using counting years from a date in the distant past, the birth year of the founder of the Christian religion. But this precision in the written record perhaps distorts the reality of everyday Spanish practices. In daily life, Spaniards often measured time in a reference system similar to that used by the Andeans, dividing the past in relation to public events like a war or personal turning points like the birth of a child. In the administrative and legal area, official Spanish dating prevailed, and Andean people were forced to adapt to this novel practice. This paper intends to contrast the Andean and Spanish ways of measuring the past, but will also focus on the possible areas of overlap between both practices. Finally, it will be asked how Andeans reacted to and interacted with Spanish dating and time measuring.
    [Show full text]
  • CBD First National Report
    BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN PERU __________________________________________________________ LIMA-PERU NATIONAL REPORT December 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................ 6 1 PROPOSED PROGRESS REPORT MATRIX............................................... 20 I INTRODUCTION......................................................................................... 29 II BACKGROUND.......................................................................................... 31 a Status and trends of knowledge, conservation and use of biodiversity. ..................................................................................................... 31 b. Direct (proximal) and indirect (ultimate) threats to biodiversity and its management ......................................................................................... 36 c. The value of diversity in terms of conservation and sustainable use.................................................................................................................... 47 d. Legal & political framework for the conservation and use of biodiversity ...................................................................................................... 51 e. Institutional responsibilities and capacities................................................. 58 III NATIONAL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES ON THE CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY.............................................................................................. 77
    [Show full text]
  • Session Abstracts
    THE INCAS AND THEIR ORIGINS SESSION ABSTRACTS Most sessions focus on a particular region and time period. The session abstracts below serve to set out the issues to be debated in each session. In particular, the abstract aims to outline to each discipline what perspectives and insights the other disciplines can bring to bear on that same topic. A session abstract tends to consist more of questions than answers, then. These are the questions that it would be useful for all participants to be thinking about in advance, so as to be ready to join in the debate on any session. And if you are the speaker giving a synopsis for that session, you may wish to start from the abstract as a guide to how to develop these questions, so as best to provoke the cross-disciplinary debate. DAY 1: TAWANTINSUYU: ITS NATURE AND IMPACTS A1. GENERAL PERSPECTIVES FROM THE VARIOUS DISCIPLINES This opening session serves to introduce the various sources of data on the past which together can contribute to a holistic understanding of the Incas and their origins. It serves as the opportunity for each of the various academic disciplines involved to introduce itself briefly to all the others, and for their benefit. The synopses for this session should give just a general outline of the main types of evidence that each discipline uses to come to its conclusions about the Inca past. What is it, within each of their different records of the past, that allows the archaeologist, linguist, ethnohistorian or geneticist to draw inferences as to the nature and strength of Inca control and impacts in different regions? In particular, how can they ‘reconstruct’ resettlements and other population movements within Tawantinsuyu? Also crucial — especially because specialists in other disciplines are not in a position to judge this for themselves — is to clarify how reliable are the main findings and claims that each discipline makes about the Incas.
    [Show full text]