Pdf | 503.09 Kb
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Strategic Cyber Deterrence
STRATEGIC CYBER DETERRENCE A Thesis Presented to the Faculty Of The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy By CHRISTOPHER FITZGERALD WRENN In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy JULY 2012 Dissertation Committee Professor Robert L. Pfaltzgraff, Jr., Chair Professor Antonia H. Chayes Professor William C. Martel UMI Number: 3539954 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3539954 Published by ProQuest LLC (2012). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 - 1346 COLONEL CHRISTOPHER F. WRENN (CHRIS) 26 Pearl Street, Medford, MA, 02155 · 325-864-1515 · [email protected] Education Tufts University, the Fletcher School Medford, MA PhD Candidate, 2009–present Pursuing doctoral study in International Relations. Research topic: Deterrence, cyber deterrence Tufts University, the Fletcher School Medford, MA National Defense Fellow, 2006–2007 Pursued a course of study in areas central to United States national security: nuclear proliferation, counterproliferation, terrorism, crisis management, homeland security, and intelligence. Research topic: Global Salafi jihadist insurgency Air University, Air Command and Staff College Montgomery, AL Master of Military Operational Art and Science, June 2000 Completed a course of study with focus on national security and military studies. -
2018-2019 წლების ანგარიში/Annual Report
რელიგიის საკითხთა STATE AGENCY FOR სახელმწიფო სააგენტო RELIGIOUS ISSUES 2018-2019 წლების ანგარიში/ANNUAL REPORT 2020 თბილისი TBILISI წინამდებარე გამოცემაში წარმოდგენილია რელიგიის საკითხთა სახელმწიფო სააგე- ნტოს მიერ 2018-2019 წლებში გაწეული საქმიანობის ანგარიში, რომელიც მოიცავს ქვეყა- ნაში რელიგიის თავისუფლების კუთხით არსებული ვითარების ანალიზს და იმ ძირითად ღონისძიებებს, რასაც სააგენტო ქვეყანაში რელიგიის თავისუფლების, შემწყნარებლური გარემოს განმტკიცებისთვის ახორციელებს. ანგარიშში განსაკუთრებული ყურადღებაა გამახვილებული საქართველოს ოკუპირებულ ტერიტორიებზე, სადაც ნადგურდება ქართული ეკლესია-მონასტრები და უხეშად ირღვე- ვა მკვიდრი მოსახლეობის უფლებები რელიგიის, გამოხატვისა და გადაადგილების თავი- სუფლების კუთხით. ანგარიშში მოცემულია ინფორმაცია სააგენტოს საქმიანობაზე „ადამიანის უფლებების დაცვის სამთავრობო სამოქმედო გეგმის“ ფარგლებში, ასევე ასახულია სახელმწიფოს მხრი- დან რელიგიური ორგანიზაციებისათვის გაწეული ფინანსური თუ სხვა სახის დახმარება და განხორციელებული პროექტები. This edition presents a report on the activities carried out by the State Agency for Religious Is- sues in 2018-2019, including analysis of the situation in the country regarding freedom of religion and those main events that the Agency is conducting to promote freedom of religion and a tolerant environment. In the report, particular attention is payed to the occupied territories of Georgia, where Georgian churches and monasteries are destroyed and the rights of indigenous peoples are severely violated in terms of freedom of religion, expression and movement. The report provides information on the Agency's activities within the framework of the “Action Plan of the Government of Georgia on the Protection of Human Rights”, as well as financial or other assistance provided by the state to religious organizations and projects implemented. რელიგიის საკითხთა სახელმწიფო სააგენტო 2018-2019 წლების ანგარიში სარჩევი 1. რელიგიისა და რწმენის თავისუფლება ოკუპირებულ ტერიტორიებზე ........................ 6 1.1. -
Examples from a Local Organisation in North Ossetia, Russia
Takhokhova and Chshieva School based psychosocial work with children affected by terrorism and other violence: examples from a local organisation in North Ossetia, Russia TamaraV.Takhokhova & Tatyana L. Chshieva This ¢eld report describes the activities of a own or with their family’shelp’ (Russian Federa- local, nongovernmental organisation attempting tion, 2007). This includes children who fall to strengthen the system of psychosocial support into one, or more, of the following categories: available in schools in North Ossetia, Russia.This do not have parents or are neglected by semi autonomous republic in the Russian Federation them, are disabled, have survived armed has been plagued by terrorism and the in£ux of con£ict(s),are refugee or displaced children, internally displaced and refugee children. The and/or victims of abuse. The school system activities described aim to address the mental health in the Russian Federation is currently needs of the children, their families and caregivers, undergoing signi¢cant change; new govern- and foster healthy psychosocial development within mental requirements to improve educational the school system. results, strengthening the professionalism of teachers, as well as changes in ¢nanc- Keywords: Beslan, North Ossetia, school ing mechanisms. These changes impact based interventions, teachers, terrorism teachers, andcancreate feelings of insecurity in relation to their livelihoods and future. Within this context, teachers may become Background irritated or experience discontent and, as a Schools have an important function in result, develop stress related health prob- the lives of children and their families. For lems. Also under these circumstances, children, schools can be a positive place children can be impacted, as school can where they can play and make friends, and cause psychological distress if theydo not feel experience academic achievements. -
Endangered Caucasian Languages in Georgia (Ecling)
100 100 95 95 75 75 25 25 5 5 0 0 DOBES Tsova-Tush, Svan, Udi Endangered Caucasian Languages in Georgia (ECLinG) The Caucasus region has been renowned since antiquity as an area with an extra- Kalmyk K Blagodarnyj ub ordinarily high number of distinct languages. an The linguistic diversity of yore has not only Majkop Stavropol' Russian Avar Kuma Lak Georgian Adyghe Neftekumsk Juúno-Suxokumsk survived until the present but has even been Prikumsk Dargwa Kuban Abaza Avar considerably extended by the migration of Kabardian Avar KoÄubej ¨erkessk Dargw a Georgian Beslenei Noghay L speakers of Indo-European, Turkic, Mongol- Tuapse Abaza a Caspian D Kabardian Georgian a k Chech rg Mineral'nyje Vody en w ian, Semitic, and other languages into the a Mozdok- Kizljar (Bz Ka Kabardian area. Today, the linguistic map of the SoÄi yb') ra Ka ek Sea Ab ch Kabardian bard Mozdok er Gagra kh ay ia T Caucasus area comprises appr. 40 indigenous a n Av z Nal'Äik C ar I h M Ba n Kostek languages, pertaining to three groups which ingr Suxumi lk Tatisch ec ( (Upper) g el A ar h ia u k n b (Digor) e a z n Groznyj Dargwa L h Digora s have not been proved to be genetically Sva h Xasavjurt u MaxaÄkala i n O Vladikavkaz Go Lak Kiziljurt ) n (Lower) do a s Ch be Andi OÄamÄire i (Iron) am ri Kumyk related with each other, but also Indo- l s Bujnaksk e e alal Botlikh r t Manaskent g i Di Tati ) do Karata n Zugdidi a ( European languages such as Armenian, i M ur (Racha) n o vs Akhvakh Black M k he Sergokala h (K (Tual) e ( Bagulal D Enguri v T Tindi GegeÅÖori ) r Russian, Ossetic, or Tati, Turkic languages Cxinvali u a Kutaisi s Khvarshi (Marïvili) (Kist) h a r ) Khunzal v g v) w Azeri Turkic such as Azeri, Karachay-Balkar, Kumyk, or (Imeretian) ha Kapucha A Sea Poti (Ps i L a Rioni Hinukh h a Telavi c Gori r k an i (Guri) (Mtiulian) A r at Derbent Bats KubaÄi a T Trukhmen, the East-Aramaic Semitic Batumi Axalcixe as (Adzhar) (Ka Udi ab Armenian rtl (K Balak„n T Georgian ian ak Agh language Aysor, and Mongolian Kalmyk. -
Odnos Ruske Federacije Do Manjšin Severnega Kavkaza
UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA DRUŽBENE VEDE Mojca Vesić Odnos Ruske federacije do manjšin Severnega Kavkaza Diplomsko delo Ljubljana, 2016 UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA DRUŽBENE VEDE Mojca Vesić Mentor: izr. prof. dr. Miran Komac Odnos Ruske federacije do manjšin Severnega Kavkaza Diplomsko delo Ljubljana, 2016 ZAHVALA Iskrena hvala mojemu očetu in mami, da sta mi stala ob strani in me podpirala v času študija. Hvala moji mladi družinici za potrpežljivost v času nastajanja diplomske naloge. Hvala prijateljem za spodbudo ter, nenazadnje, mentorju za pomoč in razpoložljivost. Odnos Ruske federacije do manjšin Severnega Kavkaza Severni Kavkaz je stoletja predstavljal stvarno in simbolično mejo med Evropo in Azijo, med krščanskim in muslimanskim svetom. Tako ne preseneča, da gre za eno izmed etnično bolj pestrih regij tako znotraj Ruske federacije kot v svetovnem merilu. Ruski narod in etnične manjšine Severnega Kavkaza so skozi različne državne formacije povezani že dolga stoletja. Pričujoče delo raziskuje položaj manjšinskih skupnosti severnega Kavkaza v okviru Ruske federacije. Naloga vsebuje zgodovinski pregled in analizo dinamik omenjenih odnosov, ki botrujejo tudi današnjim razmeram. Bivša Sovjetska zveza je to regijo okupirala in jo ne meneč se za usodo in pravice ter etnično pripadnost tamkajšnjih prebivalcev, arbitrarno razdelila v republike. Prebivalce je razseljevala in na njihovo ozemlje naselila druge. Po razpadu Sovjetske zveze je severno-kavkaška regija postala najbolj etnično nestanovitna regija v Ruski federaciji. Današnji odnos Ruske federacije do etničnih manjšin, ki živijo na območju Severnega Kavkaza, se kaže tako preko načina in stopnje zaščite, ki jo Ruska federacija z ustavnopravnimi in drugimi zakonskimi določili zagotavlja manjšinam, živečim na njenem državnem teritoriju, kot tudi preko konkretnega udejanjanja pravnih obvez v vsakdanjem življenju pripadnikov etničnih manjšin. -
Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus
STATUS AND PROTECTION OF GLOBALLY THREATENED SPECIES IN THE CAUCASUS CEPF Biodiversity Investments in the Caucasus Hotspot 2004-2009 Edited by Nugzar Zazanashvili and David Mallon Tbilisi 2009 The contents of this book do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of CEPF, WWF, or their sponsoring organizations. Neither the CEPF, WWF nor any other entities thereof, assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product or process disclosed in this book. Citation: Zazanashvili, N. and Mallon, D. (Editors) 2009. Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus. Tbilisi: CEPF, WWF. Contour Ltd., 232 pp. ISBN 978-9941-0-2203-6 Design and printing Contour Ltd. 8, Kargareteli st., 0164 Tbilisi, Georgia December 2009 The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) is a joint initiative of l’Agence Française de Développement, Conservation International, the Global Environment Facility, the Government of Japan, the MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank. This book shows the effort of the Caucasus NGOs, experts, scientific institutions and governmental agencies for conserving globally threatened species in the Caucasus: CEPF investments in the region made it possible for the first time to carry out simultaneous assessments of species’ populations at national and regional scales, setting up strategies and developing action plans for their survival, as well as implementation of some urgent conservation measures. Contents Foreword 7 Acknowledgments 8 Introduction CEPF Investment in the Caucasus Hotspot A. W. Tordoff, N. Zazanashvili, M. Bitsadze, K. Manvelyan, E. Askerov, V. Krever, S. Kalem, B. Avcioglu, S. Galstyan and R. Mnatsekanov 9 The Caucasus Hotspot N. -
PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL of KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES N O 27 — 2017 2
1 PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL OF KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES N o 27 — 2017 2 E DITOR- IN-CHIEF David KOLBAIA S ECRETARY Sophia J V A N I A EDITORIAL C OMMITTEE Jan M A L I C K I, Wojciech M A T E R S K I, Henryk P A P R O C K I I NTERNATIONAL A DVISORY B OARD Zaza A L E K S I D Z E, Professor, National Center of Manuscripts, Tbilisi Alejandro B A R R A L – I G L E S I A S, Professor Emeritus, Cathedral Museum Santiago de Compostela Jan B R A U N (†), Professor Emeritus, University of Warsaw Andrzej F U R I E R, Professor, Universitet of Szczecin Metropolitan A N D R E W (G V A Z A V A) of Gori and Ateni Eparchy Gocha J A P A R I D Z E, Professor, Tbilisi State University Stanis³aw L I S Z E W S K I, Professor, University of Lodz Mariam L O R T K I P A N I D Z E, Professor Emerita, Tbilisi State University Guram L O R T K I P A N I D Z E, Professor Emeritus, Tbilisi State University Marek M ¥ D Z I K (†), Professor, Maria Curie-Sk³odowska University, Lublin Tamila M G A L O B L I S H V I L I, Professor, National Centre of Manuscripts, Tbilisi Lech M R Ó Z, Professor, University of Warsaw Bernard OUTTIER, Professor, University of Geneve Andrzej P I S O W I C Z, Professor, Jagiellonian University, Cracow Annegret P L O N T K E - L U E N I N G, Professor, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena Tadeusz Ś W I Ę T O C H O W S K I (†), Professor, Columbia University, New York Sophia V A S H A L O M I D Z E, Professor, Martin-Luther-Univerity, Halle-Wittenberg Andrzej W O Ź N I A K, Professor, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 3 PRO GEORGIA JOURNAL OF KARTVELOLOGICAL STUDIES No 27 — 2017 (Published since 1991) CENTRE FOR EAST EUROPEAN STUDIES FACULTY OF ORIENTAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW WARSAW 2017 4 Cover: St. -
Analyzing the Russian Way of War Evidence from the 2008 Conflict with Georgia
Analyzing the Russian Way of War Evidence from the 2008 Conflict with Georgia Lionel Beehner A Contemporary Battlefield Assessment Liam Collins by the Modern War Institute Steve Ferenzi Robert Person Aaron Brantly March 20, 2018 Analyzing the Russian Way of War: Evidence from the 2008 Conflict with Georgia Contents Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 9 Chapter I – History of Bad Blood ................................................................................................................ 13 Rose-Colored Glasses .............................................................................................................................. 16 Chapter II – Russian Grand Strategy in Context of the 2008 Russia-Georgia War ................................... 21 Russia’s Ends ........................................................................................................................................... 22 Russia’s Means ........................................................................................................................................ 23 Russia’s Ways ......................................................................................................................................... -
Guide to Investment the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania Pwc Russia ( Provides Industry–Focused Assurance, Tax, Legal and Advisory Services
Guide to investment The Republic of North Ossetia–Alania PwC Russia (www.pwc.ru) provides industry–focused assurance, tax, legal and advisory services. Over 2,300 people work in our offices in Moscow, St Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Kazan, Novosibirsk, Krasnodar, Yuzhno–Sakhalinsk and Vla- dikavkaz. We share our thinking, extensive experience and creative solutions to deliver practical advice and open up new avenues for business. Our global network includes more than 169,000 people in 158 countries. PwC first began working in Russia in 1913, and re-established its presence in 1989. Since then, PwC has been a leader of the professional services market in Russia. According to Expert magazine’s annual ratings prepared by the Expert RA independent ratings agency, PwC is a leading provider of assurance and advisory services in Russia (see Expert magazine for 2000–2011). This guide has been prepared in collaboration with the Permanent Representation of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania to the President of the Russian Federation. This publication has been prepared for general guidance on matters of interest only and does not constitute professional advice. You should not act upon the information contained in this brochure with- out obtaining specific professional advice. No representation or warranty (express or implied) is given as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this publication. The PwC network, its member firms, employees and agents accept no liability and disclaim all responsi- bility for the consequences of you or anyone else acting, or refraining from acting, relying on the information contained in this publication, or for any decision based upon it. -
Russian NGO Shadow Report on the Observance of the Convention
Russian NGO Shadow Report on the Observance of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment by the Russian Federation for the period from 2001 to 2005 Moscow, May 2006 CONTENT Introduction .......................................................................................................................................4 Summary...........................................................................................................................................5 Article 2 ..........................................................................................................................................14 Measures taken to improve the conditions in detention facilities .............................................14 Measures to improve the situation in penal institutions and protection of prisoners’ human rights ..........................................................................................................................................15 Measures taken to improve the situation in temporary isolation wards of the Russian Ministry for Internal Affairs and other custodial places ..........................................................................16 Measures taken to prevent torture and cruel and depredating treatment in work of police and other law-enforcement institutions ............................................................................................16 Measures taken to prevent cruel treatment in the armed forces ................................................17 -
Conferencia De Desarme
CONFERENCIA DE DESARME CD/1850 9 de septiembre de 2008 ESPAÑOL Original: INGLÉS CARTA DE FECHA 26 DE AGOSTO DE 2008 DIRIGIDA AL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA CONFERENCIA DE DESARME POR EL REPRESENTANTE PERMANENTE DE GEORGIA POR LA QUE TRANSMITE EL TEXTO DE UNA DECLARACIÓN EN QUE ACTUALIZA LA INFORMACIÓN SOBRE LA SITUACIÓN REINANTE EN GEORGIA Tengo el honor de transmitir adjunto el texto de la declaración formulada por la delegación de Georgia en la 1115ª sesión plenaria* de la Conferencia de Desarme, celebrada el 26 de agosto de 2008, sobre la agresión militar de la Federación de Rusia contra el territorio de Georgia, junto con otros documentos conexos. Le agradecería que tuviera a bien hacer distribuir la presente carta, la declaración anexa y los documentos adjuntos como documento oficial de la Conferencia de Desarme. (Firmado): Giorgi Gorgiladze Embajador Representante Permanente de Georgia * El texto de la declaración, tal como fue pronunciada, figura en el documento CD/PV.1115. GE.08-63124 (S) 190908 220908 CD/1850 página 2 El Representante Permanente de Georgia, Embajador Giorgi Gorgiladze, aprovecha la oportunidad para actualizar la información de la Conferencia de Desarme sobre la situación actual en Georgia, que fue objeto de debate en la sesión de la semana pasada. En términos jurídicos, Georgia ha sido sometida a una agresión militar en gran escala por la Federación de Rusia, en violación de los principios y las normas de la Carta de las Naciones Unidas, incluida la prohibición del uso de la fuerza entre los Estados y el respeto de la soberanía y la integridad territorial de Georgia. -
Annex E.4.15
ICC-01/15-4-AnxE.4.15-Corr 06-11-2015 1/35 EC PT Annex E.4.15 Public Corrected Version of ICC-01/15-4-AnxE.4.15 ICC-01/15-4-AnxE.4.15-Corr 06-11-2015 2/35 EC PT SOUTH OSSETIA: THE BURDEN OF RECOGNITION Europe Report N°205 - 7 June 2010 lnternationa Crisis Group WORKING TO PREVENT CONFLICT WORLDWIDE GEO-OTP-0001-1242 ICC-01/15-4-AnxE.4.15-Corr 06-11-2015 3/35 EC PT TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS i I. IN.TRODUCTION 1 II. POST-RECOGNITION DEVELOPMENTS 2 A. THEPOPfilJ\TION 2 B. TIIE Soc10-EcoNOMIC SITUATION AND RECONSTRUCTION 4 l. Local conditions .4 2. Russian aid and corruption 6 C. RUSSI/\ '8 MILITARY PRR8F.NCE-SOOTH 0SSETIJ\ '8 STRJ\ TRGTC V /\LUE 7 Ill. LOCAL POLITICS 9 A. CoMPr:rnroN FOR RlJ8SIJ\N RRSOlJRCKS 9 B. Tl IE RULE OF LAW ANI) HUMAN RIOI ITS 12 C. FUTURE PROSPECTS 13 IV. GEORGTAN-OSSETTAN RELATIONS 15 A. FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT 15 B. Dt-:TENTTONS 16 C. DISPLACEMENT ISSUES 17 V. THE INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE 19 A. THE GENEV J\ T /\LKS 19 B. FIELD PRESENCE 20 C. TIIE EU MONITORINGMI SSION 21 VI. CONCLUSION 23 APPENDICES A. MAP OF G.EOROlA 24 B. MAP OF Soun 1 OssHTIA 25 C. MAP OF sotrra 0SSETIA SHOWING VILLAGES UNDER GEORGIANAND 0SSETIAN CONTROL PRIOR TO 7 AUGUST 2008 26 D. AnOUTTIIEINTERNATIONALCRl SIS GROUP 27 E. CRISIS GROUP REPORTS AND BRll:FINGS ON ElJROPli SINCE 2007 28 F. CRJSlS GROUP BOAR!) OFTRUSTEES 29 GEO-OTP-0001-1243 ICC-01/15-4-AnxE.4.15-Corr 06-11-2015 4/35 EC PT lnternationa Crisis Group WORKING TO PREVENT CONFLICT WORLDWIDE Program Report N°205 7 June 2010 SOUTH OSSETIA: THE BURDEN OF RECOGNITION EXECUTIVE SUlVIMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS South Ossetia is no closer to genuine independence now threats on its own North Caucasus territory, Moscow than in August 2008, when Russia went to war with has preferred to work with Kokoity and his entourage, Georgia and extended recognition.