DOCSLIB.ORG

Northeastern Thailand Wind Power Project (Volume 5)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Northeastern Thailand Wind Power Project (Volume 5) Initial Environmental Examination December 2015 THA: Northeastern Thailand Wind Power Project (Volume 5) Prepared by Energy Absolute Public Company Limited for the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Initial Environmental Examination December 2015 THA: Northeastern Thailand Wind Power Project (80 MW Hanuman 10 Wind Farm Project) Prepared by Energy Absolute Public Company Limited for the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Table of Contents Page I. Executive Summary 1 II. Introduction 2 III. Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 4 IV. Description of the Project 10 V. Description of Existing Environment & Socioeconomic Conditions 29 VI. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 40 VII. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation 67 VIII. Grievance Redress Mechanism 70 IX. Environmental and Social Management Plan 71 X. Conclusions and Recommendations 81 Appendix I: “Shadow Flicker” Model Appendix II: Social Due Diligence Report Appendix III: Public Participation Meeting Report I. Executive Summary Hanuman 8 Wind Farm Project, a project of the Energy Absolute Public Company Limited (EA) will entail the construction of a 40 x (2.0-3.3 MW) wind farm in Ban Chuan sub-district, Bamnet Narong district, Chaiyaphum province, Thailand (“the project”). The project is being developed by EA using a special purpose company “Banchaun Development Company Limited (“the project company”). The project has a total land requirement including substation area of approximate 19.36 hectares (about 120.97 rais).The generated electricity from the project will be exported to Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) under a Non-firm SPP of power purchase agreement (PPA) with automatically renewal every 5 years for a total contracted capacity of 80 MW. The scheduled COD date is expected to be within 29 June 2018. The project is located in Agricultural Land Reform Office (ALRO) land where it is presently used for cassava plantation by farmers. The long-term lease agreement concluded with ALRO which is the legal owner of the land is conducted according to the laws of Thailand. The compensation agreement with the affected farmers was reached openly and freely without the use of coercion, intimidation or deceit as amount of agreed rental fee is higher than the net income that can be derived from the affected agricultural land. In order to develop this project, the project company has spent more than 3 years to visit the communities surrounding the project area to give and educate the community leaders, villagers, ALRO and other stakeholders on project information, environmental impacts and social impacts including benefits to the affected farmers and communities by the project. The project company has received a very good feedback from the communities. Later a formal public participation meeting was organized on 16 September 2015 by inviting all stakeholders such as local government agencies, local administration organization, village headmen, villagers and other interested persons to participate in the meeting. The attitude of the stakeholders is generally very positive and agreed towards the project development. In term of environmental and social impacts, an initial environmental examination report was developed for the project. Assessment of the physical resources, biological resources, human use value and quality of life has been given careful attention. During construction and operation period, the project has proposed mitigation measures all environmental issues such as air quality, noise, transportation, avifauna, shadow flicker, occupation health and safety and etc. In addition, the project has proposed a monitoring plan for air quality and noise in construction period. For operation period, noise waste, occupational health and safety, bird/bat mortality and shadow flicker are also monitored to ensure that the project will have minimal environmental and social impacts. To promote and build strong partnership with the local community the project company will establish a Grievance Redress Mechanism that will allow local people to raise their issues, concerns or complaints during project implementation. 1 II. Introduction Hanuman 9 Wind Farm Project, a project of the Energy Absolute Public Company Limited (EA) will entail the construction of a 40 x (2.0-3.3 MW1) wind farm in Ban Chuan sub-district, Bamnet Narong district, Chaiyaphum province, Thailand (“the project”). The project will be developed and implemented under a Non-firm SPP of power purchase agreement (PPA) with Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) with automatically renewal every 5 years for a total contracted capacity of 80 MW. A. Project Proponent The project is supported by EA using a project company, Benjarat Development Company Limited (“the project company”) a special purpose company established in Thailand. EA has two main businesses which are 1) Biodiesel business and 2) Power business. Regarding to the power business, EA has implemented 4 solar power projects and 3 wind power projects (Hadkanghan Wind Farm Project) with total capacity of 278 MW and 126 MW respectively. EA has been listed in Stock Exchange of Thailand since 2013. B. Project Overview The Project comprises of 40 WTGs x (2.0-3.3 MW) at 117-149 m. hub height turbine. The Project site could be accessed via Highway 2354. Existing roads are approximately 12 m. in width will be used as the wind farm access/internal road and will be upgraded as needed. The wind farm access/internal road will be used for the transportation of WTG’s components, and future access to each WTG and substation. Wind farm substation will be connected with the new 115 kV overhead lines of EGAT. During the construction period, the project area covers 60.48 hectares (about 377.97 rais) which includes wind turbine generators, substations, equipment, machineries. During the operation period, the projects area covers 19.36 hectares (about 120.97 rais) for location of wind turbine generators and substation. C. IEE Study According to Thai regulation, “The Announcement of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment for the Type and Size of Projects or Activities to be developed an environmental impact assessment (EIA) and Rules, Methods, Practices and Guidelines for EIA development” dated in Thai Government Gazette on 20 June B.E. 2555 (A.D.2002), the wind power plant project is not required to develop an EIA. Nevertheless, EA has assigned Advance Energy Plus Co., Ltd. (AEP) to undertake an initial environmental examination (IEE) which includes environmental and social assessment of the project to ensure that the project will be environmentally sound and acceptable to the local communities. This IEE document presents the findings and conclusions to fully comply with ADB’s Safeguard 1There will be one type of turbine model installed for the project. The exact model and capacity is still under consideration and is not yet finalized. 2 Policy Statement (2009) for category B projects and internationally recognized standards such as United States for Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The objectives of the IEE are to: (i) Assess the existing environmental and socioeconomic conditions of the project area (ii) Identify likely impacts of the proposed project on the natural and human environment of the area, to predict and evaluate these impacts, and determine significance of these impacts, in the context of the technical and regulatory concerns (iii) Propose appropriate mitigation measures that should be incorporated in the design of the project to minimize, if not eliminate, the adverse impacts which cannot be avoided. (iv) Assess the compliance status of the proposed activities with respect to the environmental legislation and ADB’s environmental and social safeguards. (v) Formulate an environmental and social management plan (ESMP) to provide an implementation mechanism for the mitigation measures identified during the study. (vi) Create a grievance redress mechanism and ensure meaningful consultation are conducted. 3 III. Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework A. Compliance with Thai Regulation According to Thai regulation, “The Announcement of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment for the Type and Size of Projects or Activities to be developed an environmental impact assessment (EIA) and Rules, Methods, Practices and Guidelines for EIA development”
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Investment Strategy Research Department
    Market Talk Investment Strategy Research Department Monday, November 21, 2016 Investment Strategy There is no solid factor to boost the Index, while pressure from fund outflow SET Index 1,473.86 has continued, but the impact would be gradually lowering. 1,450 pts could Change (pts) 0.01 be a supportive range. Today’s top pick is GFPT(FV@B19), which would Market Cap (Million B) 49,361.54 benefit from South Korea’s resumption of chicken import from Thailand for the first time in 12 years, which would keep the chicken price high. (0) Fed fund rate hike very likely in December. Markets absorbs this already There would be no new external issue this week. Main focus revolves around the U.S. interest rate hike, which is likely to happen at the last FOMC meeting of this year. Fed Chairwoman Janet Yellen stated late last week that the interest rate hike would happen in the near future. Leading economic indicators have been rebounding; particularly, the inflation Net Buy and Sell by Investor Type (Million B) rate leapt to 1.6%yoy in October from 0.8% in August. This has increased the possibility of Foreign -738.38 the hike in December, from 94% late last week to 98% according to a Bloomberg survey. Proprietary -474.07 Global markets have absorbed the 0.25% hike already, but a correction may happen if the Institutional 253.91 rate is raised by more than 0.25%. Retail 958.55 Thailand's 3Q16 GDP growth is estimated at 3.3%yoy (versus 3.5% in 1H16); the actual figure is reported at 9.30 am.
    [Show full text]
  • Weekly Epidemiological Record Relevé Épidémiologique Hebdomadaire
    WklyEpidem Rec - Relevé épidéni, hebd.; 1980, 55, 85-92 No. 12 WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANTÉ GENEVA GENÈVE WEEKLY EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RECORD RELEVÉ ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIQUE HEBDOMADAIRE Epidemiological Surveillance o f Communicable Diseases Service de la Surveillance épidémiologique des Maladies transmissibles Telegraphic Address: EPIDNATIONS GENEYA Telex 27821 Adresse télégraphique: EPIDNATIONS GENÈVE Télex 27821 Automatic Telex Reply Service Service automatique de réponse Telex 28150 Geneva with ZCZC and ENGL for a reply in English Télex 28150 Genève suivi de ZCZC et FRAN pour une réponse en français 21 MARCH 1980 55th YEAR — 55e ANNÉE 21 MARS 1980 EXPANDED PROGRAMME ON IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME ÉLARGI DE VACCINATION Epidemiology of Measles in a Rural Community1 Epidémiologie de la rougeole d an s une collectivité rurale1 So m a lia . — During the period 1 January to 10 November 1978, So m a lie . — Pendant la période du l8r janvier au 10 novembre the surveillance agents of the Somali Smallpox Eradication Pro­ 1978, les agents de surveillance du Programme somalien d’éradica­ gramme identified 42 outbreaks of measles, with 910 cases in settled tion de la variole ont recensé 42 poussées de rougeole, totalisant villages, and 13 outbreaks, with 13 cases among the nomadic popula­ 910 cas, dans des villages sédentaires et 13 poussées, totalisant tion, in the Jamame district of the lower Juba region of South 13 cas, parmi la population nomade, dans le district de Jamame, sur Western Somalia where they were conducting a search for fever- le cours inférieur du Djouba, dans le sud-ouest de la Somalie, où ils with-rash cases.
    [Show full text]
  • A Report on the Trade Activities of Kula in Isan at the End of the 19Th Century Author(S)
    Why the Kula Wept: A Report on the Trade Activities of Kula Title in Isan at the End of the 19th Century Author(s) Koizumi, Junko Citation 東南アジア研究 (1990), 28(2): 131-153 Issue Date 1990-09 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/56399 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 28, No.2, September 1990 Why the Kula Wept: A Report on the Trade Activities of the Kula in Isan at the End of the 19th Century Junko KmZUMI* volved in the region, played in the develop­ ment of the money economy and commer­ I Introduction cialization in this region, and the effects this This is a preliminary report on the trade ac­ development had on the different social tivities of a minority group from Burma called groups during the period concerned here. the Kula or the Tongsoo in the Northeastern The main purpose of this article is to outline part of Thailand (Isan) during the last few the Kula/Tongsoo's trade activities, which are decades of the 19th century. mentioned in some studies on Isan economy This study attempts to examine the role the but rather in passing,2) and their implications Kula/Tongsoo,1) one of the various actors in- to the study of the socio-economic history of this region. * IJ'\jRJI~T, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan 1) Who the KulalTongsoo were is still an unanswered II The Early Period question. Although Siamese documents of the 1870s and the 1880s mostly use the two words in­ The Kula/Tongsoo seem to have been terchangeably, it is not clear whether they refer to rather familiar to the people in Northeast the same ethnic group, as there are exceptions.
    [Show full text]
  • Sugarcane Transportation Management Using Network and Multi-Objective Decision
    SUGARCANE TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT USING NETWORK AND MULTI-OBJECTIVE DECISION ANALYSES Warunee Aunphoklang 1 inches for the right margin A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geoinformatics Suranaree University of Technology Academic Year 2012 การจัดการการขนส่งอ้อยโดยใช้การวิเคราะห์โครงข่าย และการตัดสินใจแบบหลายวัตถุประสงค์ นางสาววารุณี อ้วนโพธิ์กลาง วิทยานิพนธ์นี้เป็นส่วนหนึ่งของการศึกษาตามหลักสูตรปริญญาวิทยาศาสตรมหาบัณฑิต สาขาวิชาภูมิสารสนเทศ มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสุรนารี ปีการศึกษา 2555 วารุณี อ้วนโพธิ์กลาง : การจัดการการขนส่งอ้อยโดยใช้การวิเคราะห์โครงข่ายและ การตัดสินใจแบบหลายวัตถุประสงค์ (SUGARCANE TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT USING NETWORK AND MULTI-OBJECTIVE DECISION ANALYSES) อาจารย์ที่ปรึกษา : ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ ดร.สัญญา สราภิรมย์, 160 หน้า. ในปัจจุบันการจัดการการขนส่งอ้อยในประเทศไทยนั้นจะขึ้นอยู่กับการตัดสินใจที่ไม่มี กฎเกณฑ์และไม่เป็นระบบ ด้วยเหตุนี้ท่าให้ประสิทธิภาพในการขนส่งค่อนข้างต่่าและมีการสูญเสีย ต้นทุนในการขนส่งเป็นจ่านวนมากโดยไม่จ่าเป็น โดยพื้นที่ปลูกอ้อยในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือมี ขนาดใหญ่ที่สุดเมื่อเทียบกับภูมิภาคอื่นของประเทศ และมีพื้นที่ปลูกอ้อยกระจายอยู่ใน 228 อ่าเภอ จากทั้งหมด 321 อ่าเภอ มีโรงงานน้่าตาลทราย 16 โรงงานจากทั้งหมด 47 โรงงานทั่วประเทศ การศึกษาครั้งนี้จึงมีวัตถุประสงค์ในการประยุกต์ใช้การวิเคราะห์โครงข่ายและการโปรแกรมเชิง เส้นเพื่อจัดการการขนส่งอ้อยที่เหมาะสมในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือของประเทศไทย ซึ่งมี วัตถุประสงค์หลักในการศึกษา คือ (1) การจัดแบ่งส่วนการขนส่งอ้อยจากรายแปลงไปยังชุดโรงงาน ที่เหมาะสมเพื่อให้มีต้นทุนในการขนส่งน้อยที่สุดและ (2) การจัดแบ่งส่วนการขนส่งอ้อยจากราย
    [Show full text]
  • Chaiyaphum.Pdf
    Information by: TAT Nakhon Ratchasima Tourist Information Division (Tel. 0 2250 5500 ext. 2141-5) Designed & Printed by: Promotional Material Production Division, Marketing Services Department. The contents of this publication are subject to change without notice. Chaiyaphum 2009 Copyright. No commercial reprinting of this material allowed. January 2009 Free Copy Dok Krachiao (Siam Tulip) 08.00-20.00 hrs. Everyday Tourist information by fax available 24 hrs. Website: www.tourismthailand.org E-mail: [email protected] 43 Thai Silk Products of Ban Khwao Thai silk, Chaiyaphum Contents Transportation 5 Amphoe Thep Sathit 27 Attractions 7 Events and Festivals 30 Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum 7 Local Products and Souvenirs 31 Amphoe Nong Bua Daeng 16 Facilities in Chaiyaphum 34 Amphoe Ban Khwao 17 Accommodation 34 Amphoe Nong Bua Rawe 17 Restaurants 37 Amphoe Phakdi Chumphon 19 Interesting Activities 41 Amphoe Khon Sawan 20 Useful Calls 41 Amphoe Phu Khiao 21 Amphoe Khon San 22 52-08-068 E_002-003 new29-10_Y.indd 2-3 29/10/2009 18:29 52-08-068 E_004-043 new25_J.indd 43 25/9/2009 23:07 Thai silk, Chaiyaphum Contents Transportation 5 Amphoe Thep Sathit 27 Attractions 7 Events and Festivals 30 Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum 7 Local Products and Souvenirs 31 Amphoe Nong Bua Daeng 16 Facilities in Chaiyaphum 34 Amphoe Ban Khwao 17 Accommodation 34 Amphoe Nong Bua Rawe 17 Restaurants 37 Amphoe Phakdi Chumphon 19 Interesting Activities 41 Amphoe Khon Sawan 20 Useful Calls 41 Amphoe Phu Khiao 21 Amphoe Khon San 22 4 5 Chaiyaphum is a province located at the ridge of the Isan plateau in the connecting area between the Central Region and the North.
    [Show full text]
  • SALT RESERVE ESTIMATION for SOLUTION MINING in the KHORAT BASIN Hathaichanok Vattanasak
    SALT RESERVE ESTIMATION FOR SOLUTION MINING IN THE KHORAT BASIN Hathaichanok Vattanasak A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering in Geotechnology Suranaree University of Technology Academic Year 2006 กกกก ก ก กกกก กก 2549 SALT RESERVE ESTIMATION FOR SOLUTION MINING IN THE KHORAT BASIN Suranaree University of Technology has approved this thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master’s Degree. Thesis Examining Committee _______________________________ (Asst. Prof. Thara Lekuthai) Chairperson _______________________________ (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kittitep Fuenkajorn) Member (Thesis Advisor) _______________________________ (Assoc. Prof. Ladda Wannakao) Member _________________________________ _________________________________ (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Saowanee Rattanaphani) (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Vorapot Khompis) Vice Rector for Academic Affairs Dean of Institute of Engineering ก ก : กกกก (SALT RESERVE ESTIMATION FOR SOLUTION MINING IN THE KHORAT BASIN) ก : . ก , 191 . กกก กกกก 1) - ก 2) กกกกกก 3) กกกกกกกกก 4) กกกกกก 5) กกก กกกก 100 -700 กก ก 1 1,000 กกกก กกกกก 60 ก 150 ก 140 340 60 30 (กกกกก) ก 240 กก กก 50 ก ก 2.92 กก ก 6.45 กกก กกกกก กกก ก ก กกก ก 2 กก 201,901 กก 97% กก กก 35,060 กก 7,329 กก ______________________ กก 2549 ก ________________ HATHAICHANOK VATTANASAK : SALT RESERVE ESTIMATION FOR SOLUTION MINING IN THE KHORAT BASIN. THESIS ADVISOR : ASSOC. PROF. KITTITEP FUENKAJORN, Ph.D., P.E. 191 PP. SALT/RESERVE/KHORAT BASIN/SOLUTION
    [Show full text]
  • MALADIES SOUMISES AU RÈGLEMENT Notifications Received from 11 to 17 April 1980 — Notifications Reçues Dn 11 Au 17 Avril 1980 C Cases — C As
    Wkly Epidem. Rec * No. 16 - 18 April 1980 — 118 — Relevé èpidém, hebd. * N° 16 - 18 avril 1980 investigate neonates who had normal eyes. At the last meeting in lement des yeux. La séné de cas étudiés a donc été triée sur le volet December 1979, it was decided that, as the investigation and follow­ et aucun effort n’a été fait, dans un stade initial, pour examiner les up system has worked well during 1979, a preliminary incidence nouveau-nés dont les yeux ne présentaient aucune anomalie. A la figure of the Eastern District of Glasgow might be released as soon dernière réunion, au mois de décembre 1979, il a été décidé que le as all 1979 cases had been examined, with a view to helping others système d’enquête et de visites de contrôle ultérieures ayant bien to see the problem in perspective, it was, of course, realized that fonctionné durant l’année 1979, il serait peut-être possible de the Eastern District of Glasgow might not be representative of the communiquer un chiffre préliminaire sur l’incidence de la maladie city, or the country as a whole and that further continuing work dans le quartier est de Glasgow dès que tous les cas notifiés en 1979 might be necessary to establish a long-term and overall incidence auraient été examinés, ce qui aiderait à bien situer le problème. On figure. avait bien entendu conscience que le quartier est de Glasgow n ’est peut-être pas représentatif de la ville, ou de l’ensemble du pays et qu’il pourrait être nécessaire de poursuivre les travaux pour établir le chiffre global et à long terme de l’incidence de ces infections.
    [Show full text]
  • Newly Infected Areas As on 9 February 1978 — Zones Nouvellement Infectées Au 9 Février 1978 for Criteria Used in Compiling This List, See No
    Wkly Epidem. Rec.: No. 6 -1 0 Feb. 1978 44 — Relevé épldém. hebd.. N» fi - 10 ftv. 1978 VACCINATION CERTIFICATE REQUIREMENTS CERTIFICATS DE VACCINATION EXIGÉS FOR INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL DANS LES VOYAGES INTERNATIONAUX Amendments to 1978 publication Amendements à la publication de 1978 Saint Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla Saint-Christophe-et-Nièves et Anguilla D elete all information regarding smallpox and insert: Supprim er tous les renseignements concernant 1a variole et Insérer: Smallpox. — 0 A certificate is required from travellers who, within Variole. — (•) U n certificat est exigé des voyageurs qui, au cours the preceding 14 days, have been in a country any part of which is des 14 jours précédant leur arrivée, ont séjourné dan!t un pays où infected. règne la variole. Singapore Singapour D elete all information regarding smallpox and insert: Supprim er tous les renseignements concernant la variole et insérer: Smallpox. — ® A certificate is required from travellers who, Variole. — <•) Un certificat est exigé des voyageurs qui, dans les within the preceding 14 days, have visited a smallpox-infected country 14 jours précédents, auront séjourné dans UQ pays signalé par le as reflected in the WHO Weekly Epidemiological Record. Relevé épidémiologique hebdomadaire de l’OMS comme infecté par la variole. SMALLPOX SURVEILLANCE SURVEILLANCE DE LA VARIOLE Number of smallpox-free weeks worldwide: Nombre de semaines sans cas de variole dans le monde: 15 Last case: Somalia, onset of rash on 26 October 1977. Dernier cas: Somalie, début de l'éruption le 26 octobre 1977. DISEASES SUBJECT TO THE REGULATIONS — MALADIES SOUMISES AU RÈGLEMENT Notifications Received from 3 to 9 February 1978 — Notifications reçues du 3 au 9 février 1978 C Cases — Cas ..
    [Show full text]
  • MALADIES SOUMISES AU RÈGLEMENT Notifications Received from 14 to 20 March 1980 — Notifications Reçues Du 14 Au 20 Mars 1980
    Wkty Epidem. Xec.: No. 12-21 March 1980 — 90 — Relevé êpittém. hetxl. : N° 12 - 21 mars 1980 A minor variant, A/USSR/50/79, was also submitted from Brazil. A/USSR/90/77 par le Brésil. Un variant mineur, A/USSR/50/79, a Among influenza B strains, B/Singapore/222/79-like strains were aussi été soumis par le Brésil. Parmi les souches virales B, des souches submitted from Trinidad and Tobago and B/Hong Kong/5/72-like similaires à B/Singapore/222/79 ont été soumises par la Trimté-et- from Brazil. Tobago et des souches similaires à B/Hong Kong/5/72 par le Brésil. C zechoslovakia (28 February 1980). — *1 The incidence of acute T chécoslovaquie (28 février 1980). — 1 Après la pointe de début respiratory disease in the Czech regions is decreasing after a peak in février 1980, l’incidence des affections respiratoires aigues est en early February 1980. In the Slovakian regions a sharp increase was diminution dans les régions tchèques. Dans les régions slovaques, seen at the end of January but, after a peak at the end of February, the une forte augmentation a été constatée fin janvier mais, après un incidence has been decreasing in all age groups except those 6-14 maximum fin février, l’incidence diminue dans tous les groupes years. All strains isolated from both regions show a relationship d'âge, sauf les 6-14 ans. Toutes les souches isolées dans les deux with A/Texas/1/77 (H3N2) although with some antigenic drift. régions sont apparentées à A/Texas/1/77 (H3N2), mais avec un certain glissement antigénique.
    [Show full text]
  • Thailand's Transport Infrastructure Construction
    Strictly Private & Confidential Thailand’s Transport Infrastructure Construction © YAMADA Consulting Group Co., Ltd. 情報管理区分： SC-B Strictly Private & Confidential Content . Thailand’s Construction Overview . Current Status of Thailand’s Transport Infrastructure . Trends in Transport Infrastructure Construction in Thailand . Major Construction Companies in Thailand . Key Issues for Foreign Construction Companies . Conclusion © YAMADA Consulting Group Co., Ltd. 情報管理区分： SC-B 1 Thailand’s Transport Infrastructure Construction Strictly Private & Confidential Thailand’s Construction Overview . Since 2012, construction expenditure in Thailand has exceeded 1,000 billion baht. Public construction accounted for 56% of the country’s construction expenditure, while private construction contributed around 44% in 2018. Mega infrastructure projects are the main drivers of Thailand’s construction over the past few years with a CAGR of 12% between 2014-2018. Composition of Public Construction Investment in Thailand (2014-2018) Billion baht 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 800 44% Private construction 44% Public construction 600 45% % to total construction investment 40% 29% 25% 35% 400 25% 25% 16% 24% 14% 12% 13% 12% 12% 6% 11% 11% 11% 200 6% 10% 5% 5% 5% 2% 1% 1% 1% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 0 Residential Non-residential Others Cost of transfer Infrastructure Non-residential Residential CAGR 2014-2018 1.3% -0.2% 3% 3% 12% 7% -1% Note: Residential: low-rise (i.e., single houses, townhouses), high-rise (i.e., condominiums, apartments, flats) Non-residential: i.e., office buildings, factories, warehouses, retail centers, hospitals, and schools Infrastructure: non-building construction or infrastructure establishment (i.e., roads, railways, ports, and dams) Source: National Economics and Social Development Council (NESDC) 本資料は、現在弊社が入手し得る資料及び情報に基づいて作成したものですが、弊社は、その資料及び情報に関する信憑性、正確さを独自に確認していません。 本資料において一定の仮定を用いた試算を行っている場合、その試算結 果は仮定に基づいた概算であるため、別途詳細な検討が必要です。 本資料は貴社内での参考資料としてのご利用を目的として作成したものであり、他の目的で利用されること、本資料の貴社外でのご利用もしくは第三者への開示がなさ れることのないようお願い申し上げます。 © YAMADA Consulting Group Co., Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mineral Industry of Thailand in 2017-2018
    2017–2018 Minerals Yearbook THAILAND [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. Department of the Interior April 2021 U.S. Geological Survey The Mineral Industry of Thailand By Ji Won Moon Note: In this chapter, information for 2017 is followed by information for 2018. In 2017, Thailand was one of the world’s leading producers licenses, which vary depending on the type of license (Prior and of feldspar (ranking fifth in world production with 5.6% of the Summacarava, 2017; Poonsombudlert, Wechsuwanarux, and world total), gypsum (fifth-ranked producer with 6.0% of the Gulthawatvichai, 2019). world total), and rare earths (sixth-ranked producer with about 1% of the world total). Thailand’s mining industries produced Production such metallic minerals as manganese, tin, and tungsten. The In 2017, the most significant changes in metal production mining production of gold and silver were suspended in 2017 were that production of tin (mined, Sb content) was nearly six owing to negative environmental and health effects. In addition, times that of 2016; that of tungsten (mined, W content) nearly Thailand produced a variety of industrial minerals, such as doubled; and that of raw steel increased by 17%. Production of calcite, cement, clay, fluorspar, perlite, phosphate rock, quartz, zinc (mined, Zn content) decreased by 96%; that of zinc smelter salt, sand and gravel (construction and industrial), and stone and alloys, by 59% each; rare earths (mined, oxide equivalent), (crushed and dimension) (table 1; Chandran, 2018; Crangle, by 19%; and manganese (mined, Mn content), by 11%. No mine 2019; Gambogi, 2019; Tanner, 2019). production of antimony, gold, or silver was reported (table 1).
    [Show full text]
  • THE 3Rd ASIAN
    THE 3rd HORTICULTURALASIAN CONGRESS 2020 7-9 MAY 2020 BANGKOK INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND EXHIBITION CENTRE (BITEC), BANGKOK, THAILAND ASIAN HORTICULTURE FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD... FIRST ANNOUNCEMENT Hosted by : Supported by : Welcome Message Dear Colleagues and Friends, On behalf of the Congress’s Organizing Committee, it is a great pleasure and honor for me to invite you to the Third Asian Horticultural Congress 2020 (AHC 2020) which will be held at Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre (BITEC), Bangkok, Thailand, during 7-9 May 2020 under the theme “Asian Horticulture for a Sustainable World”. The Congress will be hosted by the Horticultural Science Society of Thailand, the International Society for Horticultural Science, the Department of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Extension, the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Kasetsart University and VNU Exhibitions Asia Pacific Co., Ltd. with the support from National Research Council of Thailand, Thailand Research Fund, Agricultural Research Development Agency (Public Organization) and Thailand Convention and Exhibition Bureau. AHC 2020 will be a platform aimed at sharing recent research and development findings and innovation in various fields of horticulture and creating a network of technical cooperation among Asian horticulturists and relevant parties which will be included in a two-day scientific program. Besides, a one-day professional excursion will be arranged for the participants to visit various horticultural production areas and its industry. The participants can attend Horti ASIA 2020, the international tradeshow for horticultural and floricultural production and processing technology which will take place in parallel with AHC 2020. Researchers, professors, students, government agencies, associations, growers, entrepreneurs and other professionals having an interest in horticulture are cordially welcomed to AHC 2020.
    [Show full text]