DOCSLIB.ORG

0.00 Download Free

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
0.00 Download Free Boom & Politopoulos (eds) & Politopoulos Boom Ariese-Vandemeulebroucke, Mol, THE INTERACTIVE PAST THE Video games, even though they are one of the present’s quintessential media and cultural forms, also have a surprising and many-sided relation with the past. From seminal series like Sid Meier’s Civilization INTERACTIVE or Assassin’s Creed to innovative indies like Never Alone and Herald, games have integrated heritages and histories as key components of ARCHAEOLOGY, their design, narrative, and play. This has allowed hundreds of millions HERITAGE & VIDEO GAMES of people to experience humanity’s diverse heritage through the thrill PAST of interactive and playful discovery, exploration, and (re-)creation. Just as video games have embraced the past, games themselves are also PAST THE INTERACTIVE emerging as an exciting new field of inquiry in disciplines that study the past. Games and other interactive media are not only becoming more and more important as tools for knowledge dissemination and heritage communication, but they also provide a creative space for theoretical and methodological innovations. The Interactive Past brings together a diverse group of thinkers — including archaeologists, heritage scholars, game creators, conservators and more — who explore the interface of video games and the past in a series of unique and engaging writings. They address such topics as how thinking about and creating games can inform on archaeological method and theory, how to leverage games for the communication of powerful and positive narratives, how games can be studied archaeologically and the challenges they present in terms of conservation, and why the deaths of virtual Romans and the treatment of video game chickens matters. The book also includes a crowd-sourced chapter in the form of a question-chain-game, written by the Kickstarter backers whose donations made this book possible. Together, these exciting and enlightening examples provide a convincing case for how interactive play can power the experience of the past and vice versa. edited by Sidestone Angus A.A. Mol, Csilla E. Ariese- ISBNSidestone 978-90-8890-436-3 Press ISBN: 978-90-8890-436-3 Vandemeulebroucke, Krijn H.J. Boom & Aris Politopoulos 9 789088 904363 This is an Open Access publication. Visit our website for more OA publication, to read any of our books for free online, or to buy them in print or PDF. www.sidestone.com Check out some of our latest publications: THE INTERACTIVE PAST Sidestone Press THE INTERACTIVE ARCHAEOLOGY, HERITAGE & VIDEO GAMES PAST edited by Angus A.A. Mol, Csilla E. Ariese-Vandemeulebroucke, Krijn H.J. Boom & Aris Politopoulos © 2017 Individual authors Published by Sidestone Press, Leiden www.sidestone.com Lay-out & cover design: Sidestone Press Artwork cover: Alexander Ariese ISBN 978-90-8890-436-3 (softcover) ISBN 978-90-8890-437-0 (hardcover) ISBN 978-90-8890-438-7 (PDF e-book) Contents Tutorial: An introduction to archaeology, heritage, and video games 7 Angus A.A. Mol, Csilla E. Ariese-Vandemeulebroucke, Krijn H.J. Boom & Aris Politopoulos PART ONE: ETHICAL APPROACHES TO HERITAGE AND 19 VIDEO GAMES Storytelling for the Next Generation: How a non-profit in Alaska 21 harnessed the power of video games to share and celebrate cultures Cook Inlet Tribal Council Tradigital Knowledge? Indigenous video games, copyright, and the 33 protection of traditional knowledge Gabrielle Hughes Chickens in Video Games: Archaeology and ethics inform upon 53 complex relationships B. Tyr Fothergill & Catherine Flick Herald: How Wispfire used history to create fiction 73 Roy van der Schilden & Bart Heijltjes PART TWO: ANALYSING AND DESIGNING GAMES FROM AN 83 ARCHAEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE Designing and Developing a Playful Past in Video Games 85 Tara Jane Copplestone Video Games as Archaeological Sites: Treating digital entertainment 99 as built environments Andrew Reinhard Single White Looter: Have whip, will travel 107 Erik Malcolm Champion On Games that Play Themselves: Agent based models, archaeogaming, 123 and the useful deaths of digital Romans Shawn Graham PART THREE: PLAYFUL HERITAGE OUTREACH 133 Playing the Archive: ‘Let’s Play’ videos, game preservation, and the 135 exhibition of play René Glas, Jesse de Vos, Jasper van Vught & Hugo Zijlstra Explaining Archaeological Research with Video Games: The case of 153 Evolving Planet Xavier Rubio-Campillo, Jorge Caro Saiz, Guillem H. Pongiluppi, Guillem Laborda Cabo & David Ramos Garcia Crafting the Past: Unlocking new audiences 167 Julianne McGraw, Stephen Reid & Jeff Sanders The Potential for Modding Communities in Cultural Heritage 185 Jakub Majewski Looking for Group: A collective chapter writing game 207 The Interactive Past Community Levelling Up: The playful promise of interactive pasts 225 Angus A.A. Mol, Csilla E. Ariese-Vandemeulebroucke, Krijn H.J. Boom & Aris Politopoulos Afterword 233 Colleen Morgan Tutorial An introduction to archaeology, heritage, and video games Angus A.A. Mol, Csilla E. Ariese-Vandemeulebroucke, Krijn H.J. Boom & Aris Politopoulos A 16th century Dutch windmill stands guard as an army of Roman legionnaires clashes with the riders of the Mongol Golden Horde. They fight for control over Machu Picchu. A terrorist attack damages a World Heritage Site; one month later and several thousand kilometres away, a group of people aged 8 to 60 come together and, block by block, reconstruct the monument in the space of an afternoon. In the setting sun of a land far from his home, a Dwarf archaeologist lays bare an ancient ruin of his people. He recovers one of its artefacts and sells it to an Elf at an auction. These scenes may sound like make-belief, but these and many other unbelievably real pasts are experienced daily by millions of people in video games and other virtual interactive media. Although interactive pasts can take a myriad of forms, in this book the focus lies with the virtually playable: video games. The games discussed run the gamut from single player experiences to Massively Multiplayer Online games, from text-based to graphical interfaces, from edutainment to mass media titles, and include mods of games, simulations, and agent based models. The chapters in this book will demonstrate how games can be tied to the past or to the study of the past, showing their relevance for the present and their potential for the future. Whether you are an avid gamer or new to video games, a video game developer or scholar, if you are intrigued by the idea of a playful past, this book may be of interest to you. Incredibly diverse at their core, the chapters range from topics mol et al. 7 Figure 0.1: A triptych of virtual pasts in the present (from left to right): Roman legionnaires and the Mongol Golden Horde fight over Machu Picchu in Civilization V | VALUE’s collaborative Minecraft reconstruction of the Temple of Bel in Palmyra, damaged by IS in 2015 | World of Warcraft’s promotional art for the in-game archaeology profession. such as indigenous game development, to archaeological game mechanics, and the preservation of play. They are written by game developers, archaeologists, heritage specialists, educators, ethicists and archivists, spanning the globe from Australia to Alaska. To make your way through the book, begin by completing this short tutorial – a concept we are borrowing from video games – which will place the development of games and the playful study of the past in their contexts, as well as provide you with a teaser of every chapter. The book also contains a unique feature: a crowdsourced chapter which was written collaboratively by those who financially supported this publication. At the end, we will Level Up with a consideration of what the future of interactive pasts may hold. History of Games (Studies) The enduring rise of virtual, interactive media constitutes one of the major pillars of the digital revolution. The onset of electronic computing in the 1950s almost simultaneously saw the birth of simple, computer-based games that mimicked analogue board games or sports. In the 1970s, virtual, interactive media became accessible for the general public with arcade machines and home gaming consoles. Subsequent developments in hardware, from personal computers to tablets and smartphones, were immediately adopted by game developers and gamers. The ability to play online with others, made feasible by the advent of the internet in 1991, was another major development in the meteoric rise of this medium. By this time, networked, personal computers had already given rise to Multi-User- Dungeons and other text-based, shared virtual worlds. Yet, the internet and better computer hardware allowed for new online interactive experiences, including the graphical virtual worlds that would become the multi-million user online, virtual worlds we see today. To illustrate the extent of the current, growing interest in online gaming, it was responsible for 82 Petabytes of internet traffic in 2015 and this is projected to rise to 568 PB by 2020 (Statista 2016a). In the coming years, virtual and augmented reality technologies are predicted to increase the impact of interactive media in all aspects of daily life and segments of the population 8 the interactive past (Statista 2016b). Clearly, virtual, interactive media are a major economic, social, and cultural force, and, despite lingering stereotypes, the community surrounding it is a heterogeneous group in which people of all genders and ages are represented (ESA 2016). Naturally, computer science is the overarching field that is involved in the study and (more importantly) the creation of all facets of video games and other interactive media, with developments increasingly taking place in the creative industry rather than at universities. Video Game Studies – a mix of critical media and technology studies that take psychological, anthropological, and sociological approaches to play – have also made a significant contribution to this field, by studying and critiquing interactive media as a cultural form (Bogost 2015; Mäyrä 2008). Aside from Video Game Studies, there are more and more studies of virtual, interactive media in which the subject has grown to be a subfield of an established discipline.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The SAA Archaeological Record (ISSN 1532-7299) Is Published five Times a Year Andrew Duff and Is Edited by Andrew Duff
    the archaeologicalrecord SAA SEPTEMBER 2007 • VOLUME 7 • NUMBER 4 SOCIETY FOR AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY the SAAarchaeologicalrecord The Magazine of the Society for American Archaeology Volume 7, No. 4 September 2007 Editor’s Corner 2 Andrew Duff Letters to the Editor 3 From the President 6 Dean R. Snow In Brief 7 Tobi A. Brimsek Archaeopolitics 8 Dan Sandweiss and David Lindsay Probing during cemetery Vancouver in 2008 9 Dana Lepofsky, Sue Rowley, delineation in Coweta Andrew Martindale, County, Georgia. and Alan McMillan Photo by Ron Hobgood. RPA: The Issue of Commercialism: Proposed Changes 10 Jeffrey H. Altschul to the Register’s Code of Conduct Archaeology’s High Society Blues: Reply to McGimsey 11 Lawrence E. Moore Amerind-SAA Seminars: A Progress Report 15 John A. Ware Email X and the Quito Airport Archaeology 20 Douglas C. Comer Controversy: A Cautionary Tale for Scholars in the Age of Rapid Information Flow Identifying the Geographic Locations 24 German Loffler in Need of More CRM Training Can the Dissertation Be All Things to All People? 29 John D. Rissetto Networks: Historic Preservation Learning Portal: 33 Richard C. Waldbauer, Constance Werner Ramirez, A Performance Support Project for and Dan Buan Cultural Resource Managers Interfaces: 12V 35 Harold L. Dibble, Shannon J.P. McPherron, and Thomas McPherron Heritage Planning 42 Yun Shun Susie Chung In Memoriam: Jaime Litvak King 47 Emily McClung de Tapia and Paul Schmidt Calls for Awards Nominations 48 positions open 52 news and notes 54 calendar 56 EDITOR’S CORNER the SAAarchaeologicalrecord The Magazine of the Society for American Archaeology Volume 7, No.
    [Show full text]
  • Meetings and Announcements
    3. the prohibition of painful sur­ b. inspect and report to the Board on gical procedures without the use of a the treatment of animals in commer­ properly administered anesthesia; cial farming; MEETINGS !!!!! and c. investigate all complaints and alle­ ANNOUNCEMENTS 4. provisions for a licensing system gations of unfair treatment of for all farms. Such system shall in­ animals; clude, but shall not be limited to, the d. issue in writing, without prior hear­ following requirements: ing, a cease and desist order to any i. all farms shall b'e inspected person if the Commission has reason prior to the issuance of a I icense. to believe that that person is causing, ii. farms shall thereafter be in­ engaging in, or maintaining any spected at least once a year. condition or activity which, in the iii. minimum requirements shall Director's judgment, will result in or be provided to insure a healthy is likely to result in irreversible or ir­ life for every farm animal. These reparable damage to an animal or its requirements shall include, but environment, and it appears prejudi­ not be limited to: cial to the interests of the [State] a. proper space allowances; {United States] to delay action until b. proper nutrition; an opportunity for a hearing can be c. proper care and treatment provided. The order shall direct such of animals; and person to discontinue, abate or allevi­ d. proper medical care. .ate such condition, activity, or viola­ f. The Board may enter into contract tion. A hearing shall be provided with with any person, firm, corporation or ____ days to allow the person to FORTHCOMING association to handle things neces­ show that each condition, activity or MEETINGS sary or convenient in carrying out the violation does not exist; and functions, powers and duties of the e.
    [Show full text]
  • Broiler Chickens
    The Life of: Broiler Chickens Chickens reared for meat are called broilers or broiler chickens. They originate from the jungle fowl of the Indian Subcontinent. The broiler industry has grown due to consumer demand for affordable poultry meat. Breeding for production traits and improved nutrition have been used to increase the weight of the breast muscle. Commercial broiler chickens are bred to be very fast growing in order to gain weight quickly. In their natural environment, chickens spend much of their time foraging for food. This means that they are highly motivated to perform species specific behaviours that are typical for chickens (natural behaviours), such as foraging, pecking, scratching and feather maintenance behaviours like preening and dust-bathing. Trees are used for perching at night to avoid predators. The life of chickens destined for meat production consists of two distinct phases. They are born in a hatchery and moved to a grow-out farm at 1 day-old. They remain here until they are heavy enough to be slaughtered. This document gives an overview of a typical broiler chicken’s life. The Hatchery The parent birds (breeder birds - see section at the end) used to produce meat chickens have their eggs removed and placed in an incubator. In the incubator, the eggs are kept under optimum atmosphere conditions and highly regulated temperatures. At 21 days, the chicks are ready to hatch, using their egg tooth to break out of their shell (in a natural situation, the mother would help with this). Chicks are precocial, meaning that immediately after hatching they are relatively mature and can walk around.
    [Show full text]
  • The Home Flock
    The Home Flock The development and management of a small flock of chickens for the production of eggs and meat is a favorite activity of many rural families. This publication addresses many topics that the beginning poultry owner will eventually confront. These topics include: • Start With Healthy Chicks • Preparing the Brooder House • Brooding Chicks • Management of Broiler Chicks • Feeding Schedules • Pullet Rearing • Vaccination Program • Lighting Programs • Layer Management • Roosters • Disease and Parasite Control • Care of Eggs Start With Healthy Chicks The "Home Flock" usually consists of 20 to 40 chickens kept to supply eggs and an occasional fat hen. An average family of five persons will require about 30 hens. To produce 30 pullets, start with 100 straight-run chicks or 50 sexed pullet chicks. Pullet chicks should be purchased if only layers are desired. Chicks can be started at any time during the year. Baby chicks started in March or April are normally the easiest to raise up to laying age (6 months). The problem with starting birds then is that they begin production in late summer or early fall. Birds started in March or April generally do not lay as many total eggs as do birds started in November and begin production in April. The disadvantage of starting birds in November is that they are harder to raise through the winter months to laying age in April. Usually the most desirable birds for a small flock are dual-purpose breeds such as Rhode Island Reds, Barred Rocks or Plymouth Rocks. However, if birds are to be kept for egg production only, it is best to choose birds bred only for that purpose (White Leghorn or Leghorn crosses).
    [Show full text]
  • Fishery Oceanographic Study on the Baleen Whaling Grounds
    FISHERY OCEANOGRAPHIC STUDY ON THE BALEEN WHALING GROUNDS KEIJI NASU INTRODUCTION A Fishery oceanographic study of the whaling grounds seeks to find the factors control­ ling the abundance of whales in the waters and in general has been a subject of interest to whalers. In the previous paper (Nasu 1963), the author discussed the oceanography and baleen whaling grounds in the subarctic Pacific Ocean. In this paper, the oceanographic environment of the baleen whaling grounds in the coastal region ofJapan, subarctic Pacific Ocean, and Antarctic Ocean are discussed. J apa­ nese oceanographic observations in the whaling grounds mainly have been carried on by the whaling factory ships and whale making research boats using bathyther­ mographs and reversing thermomenters. Most observations were made at surface. From the results of the biological studies on the whaling grounds by Marr ( 1956, 1962) and Nemoto (1959) the author presumed that the feeding depth is less than about 50 m. Therefore, this study was made mainly on the oceanographic environ­ ment of the surface layer of the whaling grounds. In the coastal region of Japan Uda (1953, 1954) plotted the maps of annual whaling grounds for each 10 days and analyzed the relation between the whaling grounds and the hydrographic condition based on data of the daily whaling reports during 1910-1951. A study of the subarctic Pacific Ocean whaling grounds in relation to meteorological and oceanographic conditions was made by U da and Nasu (1956) and Nasu (1957, 1960, 1963). Nemoto (1957, 1959) also had reported in detail on the subject from the point of the food of baleen whales and the ecology of plankton.
    [Show full text]
  • THE POLITY JUMP V1.01
    THE POLITY JUMP v1.01 Welcome to the Polity. First, some background: Humankind reached the stars, invented AIs and Under-space Drives to travel faster than light, and then the AIs took over in an uprising known as the Quiet War. It wasn’t even a fight, really – humanity had long been abdicating control of the economy and municipal governance to them – so they told us they were going to take care of things for us, and our instructions to them became ‘suggestions’ rather than ‘orders’. About a couple of hundred years later – when you’ll be visiting – most worlds of the Polity are comfortable for humankind to live on in peace, but out on the edge, at the Line that separates Polity from non-Polity, things get a bit more exciting, where you find unusual alien ecologies and the unknown. Nearly all Polity worlds and most large space stations are linked together via the Runcible network – a series of interstellar teleporters similar to Stargates – which allows Earth Central to stay in constant communication with the countless AIs across hundreds of worlds, and facilitates trade, travel and data transmission. The Polity's seeming isolation was first broken by the discovery of the four conjoined one-kilometer Dragon spheres on Aster Colera, though they are considered to be biomechanical constructs rather than a species in their own right, so they don’t really qualify as true “aliens”. The only other sapient, technologically advanced species in our corner of the galaxy are the Prador, who are a large carnivorous crab-like species who are practically barbaric by human standards - more than happy to eat captured humans or indulge in cannibalism.
    [Show full text]
  • ANTHROPOLOGY 4FF3 DIGGING the CITY: the ARCHAEOLOGY of URBANISM Fall 2021
    McMaster University, Department of Anthropology, ANTHROP 4FF3 ANTHROPOLOGY 4FF3 DIGGING THE CITY: THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF URBANISM Fall 2021 Instructor: Dr. Andy Roddick Email: roddick@mcmaster.ca Live (Synchronous) Lecture: Office Hours: Held on zoom, set up via Wednesdays 8:30-11:20 am (Via Zoom) Calendly app on A2L Recording of these lectures posted by the end of day on Weds* Contents Course Description .......................................................................................................... 3 Course Objectives ........................................................................................................... 4 Required Materials and Texts ......................................................................................... 4 On-line Virtual Spaces ..................................................................................................... 4 Course Expectations and Requirements: ........................................................................ 5 Course Evaluation – Overview ........................................................................................ 5 Course Evaluation – Details ............................................................................................ 5 Weekly Course Schedule and Required Readings ......................................................... 7 Week 1 (January 13) Introductions .............................................................................. 7 Week 2 (January 20) Intellectual Foundations ............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Changing Paradigms in Southeast Asian Archaeology
    CHANGING PARADIGMS IN SOUTHEAST ASIAN ARCHAEOLOGY Joyce C. White Institute for Southeast Asian Archaeology and University of Pennsylvania Museum ABSTRACT (e.g., Tha Kae, Ban Mai Chaimongkol, Non Pa Wai, and In order for Southeast Asian archaeologists to effectively many other sites in central Thailand; but see White and engage with global archaeological discussions of the 21st Hamilton [in press] for progress on Ban Chiang). century, adoption of new paradigms is advocated. The But what I want to focus on here is our paradigmatic prevalent mid-twentieth century paradigm’s reliance on frameworks. Paradigms — that set of assumptions, con- essentialized frameworks and directional macro-views cepts, values, and practices that underlie an intellectual dis- should be replaced with a forward-facing, “emergent” cipline at particular points in time — matter. They matter paradigm and an emphasis on community-scale analyses partly because if we are parroting an out-of-date archaeo- in alignment with current trends in archaeological theory. logical agenda, we will miss out on three important things An example contrasting the early i&i pottery with early crucial for the vitality of the discipline of Southeast Asian copper-base metallurgy in Thailand illustrates how this archaeology in the long term. First is institutional support new perspective could approach prehistoric data. in terms of jobs. Second is resources. In both cases, appli- cants for jobs and grants need to be in tune with scholarly trends. Third, what interests me most in this paper, is our place in global archaeological discussions. Participating in INTRODUCTION global archaeological conversations, being a player in tune with the currents of the time, tends to assist in gaining in- When scholars reach the point in their careers that they are 1 stitutional support and resources.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Degree of Debeaking and Cage Population Size on Selected Production Characteristics Of
    110 626 THE EFFECT OF DEGREE OF DEBEAKING AND CAGE POPULATION SIZE ON SELECTED PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF CAGED LAYERS Thesis for the Degree of M. S. MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY Robert Carey Hargreaves 'I 965 THESIS LIBRARY Michigan State University ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF DEGREE 0F DEBEAKING.AND CAGE POPULATION SIZE ON SELECTED PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF CAGED LAYERS by Robert Carey Hargreaves Debeaking is commercially used as one method of preventing canni- balism in young growing chickens, laying hens, turkeys, and game birds. In recent years, the relative severity of debeaking has increased. The primary purpose of this experiment was to determine the effects that severe degrees of debeaking might have on production characteristics of caged laying chickens. Single Comb'White Leghorn pullets were debeaked at 18 weeks of age and placed in l-bird and 3-bird cages. Other birds from the same stock were debeaked at 24 and 25 weeks of age and placed in 2-bird cages and 21-bird cages. Three degrees of debeaking were used -- 1/2, 3/& and all of the distance between the tip of the beak and the nostrils. Ap- proximately the same amount of both upper and lower mandibles was re- moved. Non-debeaked birds served as the controls. The birds with all of the beak removed are referred to as "entirely debeaked”. Compared with birds in any of the other three treatments, entirely debeaked birds gave poorer results. They took longer coming into egg production, laid fewer eggs, ate less feed and made smaller body weight gains. All of these differences were highly significant.
    [Show full text]
  • SOLUTION: Gathering and Sonic Blasts for Oil Exploration Because These Practices Can Harm and Kill Whales
    ENDANGEREDWHALES © Nolan/Greenpeace WE HAVE A PROBLEM: WHAT YOU CAN DO: • Many whale species still face extinction. • Tell the Bush administration to strongly support whale protection so whaling countries get the • Blue whales, the largest animals ever, may now number as message. few as 400.1 • Ask elected officials to press Iceland, Japan • Rogue nations Japan, Norway and Iceland flout the and Norway to respect the commercial whaling international ban on commercial whaling. moratorium. • Other threats facing whales include global warming, toxic • Demand that the U.S. curb global warming pollution dumping, noise pollution and lethal “bycatch” from fishing. and sign the Stockholm Convention, which bans the most harmful chemicals on the planet. • Tell Congress that you oppose sonar intelligence SOLUTION: gathering and sonic blasts for oil exploration because these practices can harm and kill whales. • Japan, Norway and Iceland must join the rest of the world and respect the moratorium on commercial whaling. • The loophole Japan exploits to carry out whaling for “Tomostpeople,whalingisallnineteenth- “scientific” research should be closed. centurystuff.Theyhavenoideaabout • Fishing operations causing large numbers of whale hugefloatingslaughterhouses,steel-hulled bycatch deaths must be cleaned up or stopped. chaserboatswithsonartostalkwhales, • Concerted international action must be taken to stop andharpoonsfiredfromcannons.” other threats to whales including global warming, noise Bob Hunter, pollution, ship strikes and toxic contamination.
    [Show full text]
  • Courage and Thoughtful Scholarship = Indigenous Archaeology Partnerships
    FORUM COURAGE AND THOUGHTFUL SCHOLARSHIP = INDIGENOUS ARCHAEOLOGY PARTNERSHIPS Dale R. eroes Robert McGhee's recent lead-in American Antiquity article entitled Aboriginalism and Problems of Indigenous archaeology seems to emphasize the pitfalls that can occur in "indige nolls archaeology." Though the effort is l1ever easy, I would empha­ size an approach based on a 50/50 partnership between the archaeological scientist and the native people whose past we are attempting to study through our field alld research techniques. In northwestern North America, we have found this approach important in sharillg ownership of the scientist/tribal effort, and, equally important, in adding highly significant (scientif­ ically) cullUral knowledge ofTribal members through their ongoing cultural transmission-a concept basic to our explana­ tion in the field of archaeology and anthropology. Our work with ancient basketry and other wood and fiber artifacts from waterlogged Northwest Coast sites demonstrates millennia ofcultl/ral cOlltinuity, often including reg ionally distinctive, highly guarded cultural styles or techniques that tribal members continue to use. A 50/50 partnership means, and allows, joint ownership that can only expand the scientific description and the cultural explanation through an Indigenous archaeology approach. El artIculo reciente de Robert McGhee en la revista American Antiquity, titulado: Aborigenismo y los problemas de la Arque­ ologia Indigenista, pC/recen enfatizar las dificultades que pueden ocurrir en la "arqueologfa indigenista
    [Show full text]
  • THE HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY of NATIVE AMERICANS Patricia E
    P1: FBH August 28, 2000 9:45 Annual Reviews AR111-16 Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 2000. 29:425–46 Copyright c 2000 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved THE HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY OF NATIVE AMERICANS Patricia E. Rubertone Department of Anthropology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912; e-mail: Patricia Rubertone@brown.edu Key Words acculturation, direct-historical approaches, landscapes, multicultural communities, colonialism ■ Abstract Historical archaeologists have given relatively scant attention to the study of Native Americans. Despite the potential to contribute to new understandings about Native peoples during and after European contact, the research commitment has been ambivalent at best. In this review, I ground this relationship in early debates about the field’s subject matter and concurrent discussions in anthropology about direct- historical and acculturation models. In addition, I highlight currents in research that have refined these approaches as well as those that have charted new directions. The latter are notable for helping comprehend the role of place and tradition in Native peoples’ lives, but also for reminding us of the complexities of identity construction in America after European contact. I reason that historical archaeology’s use of multiple sources, if linked creatively, can be crucial in producing knowledge about the past that illuminates the rich diversity of experiences among Native Americans. “Did these occurrences have a paradigm ... that went back in time? Or are we working out the minor details of a strictly random pattern?” Erdrich (1998:240) “...all of us remembering what we have heard together—that creates the whole story the long story of the people.” Silko (1981:7) INTRODUCTION Today, definitions of what constitutes historical archaeology are more broadly conceived than ever before.
    [Show full text]