DOCSLIB.ORG

Major Constraints Facing Development of Marine Shrimp Farming in Egypt

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Major Constraints Facing Development of Marine Shrimp Farming in Egypt JOURNAL OF THE ARABIAN AQUACULTURE SOCIETY Vol. 8 No 2 Arabian Aquaculture Conference June 2013 Major Constraints Facing Development of Marine Shrimp Farming in Egypt Mohamed E. Megahed1,2* , Samir Ghoneim1, Gaber Desouky1, Ashraf EL- Dakar3, 1Suez Canal University, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, AL-Arish, North Sinai, Egypt. 2National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Branch of Gulfs of Suez & Aqaba, Attaka, Suez, P.O. Box.: 182, Postal code: 43511, Egypt. 3 Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Egypt. *Corresponding Author : [email protected] ABSTRACT Shrimp aquaculture plays a vital role as an alternative source of income for coastal fishery communities as it contribute in reducing the pressure on marine natural resources and recently is considered as an important sector for supporting rural economic development. It is expected to show growth in the marine shrimp sector in Egypt, and the success of individual operations will depend on the successful application of a variety of multidisciplinary activities. Economic viability must be linked to better marketing strategies and food safety, transparency, traceability, quality, and sustainability issues are at the forefront of Egyptian concerns and actions. Technical improvements are expected to continue to improve cost efficiency and stimulate further species diversification at a time when fisheries production is stagnant and in certain sectors in decline. Simplified legislations and licensing procedures have been called and continued as well as coherent policies for research and development is essential. We will focus in this paper on the challenges facing the shrimp mariculture development in Egypt and the requested approaches to treat these challenges and improve this industry. Keywords: Shrimp mariculture, challenges, strategy, development, regulation. INTRODUCTION Shrimp culture in Egypt dates back to the Introduction Shrimp culture has attracted early 1980s, where a first shrimp farm were considerable attention in recent years not only established near Alexandria (Sadek et al., 2002). because of its value as food supply but also of Currently, all of shrimp hatcheries in Egypt rely its high potential as a foreign exchange earner. on wild broodstock to produce the postlarvae Several countries, realizing this fact, have given needed for stocking farms. This reliance on wild the shrimp farming industry a high priority in broodstock can result in lost production as a their fisheries programs. Also, recognized the result of delays in capturing broodstock or need for the continuing development of modern variation in the natural abundance of shrimp techniques or procedures for the hatchery and (Preston et al., 1999). Also, reliance on wild pond culture of the marine shrimp. broodstock has the risk of the spread of diseases. © Copyright by the Arabian Aquaculture Society 2013 321 MEGAHED ET AL The shrimp farming industry still depend on International Cooperation and managed by wild broodstock and no trial to domesticate research team from Faculty of Environmental Peaneid species in Egypt. The sustainability of Agricultural Sciences to detect the constraints aquaculture will depend on continuous facing shrimp farming at this valuable site from controlled reproduction achieved from marine aquaculture in Egypt. generations bred and maintained in captivity, not Description of the study sites: on the permanent supply of seed or breeders from the wild. Supply from the wild will remain Shrimp & Fish International Company doubtful as long as the sustainability of the (SAFICO- Egypt) capture fisheries is not assured (Bilio, 2007). The aim of the present work was to estimate The site is situated in the delta of Wadi Kid, on the Gulf of Aqaba (28o 11 َ 12.6846″ N major constraints facing development of marine and 34o 22 َ 23.8872 َ E; Figure 1). Wadi Kid shrimp farming in Egypt. has a catchment area over the Sinai desert of about 1000 km2, composed mainly of high mountains and steep valleys, and the delta is MATERIALS AND METHODS susceptible to flash flooding. The most recent Study sites floods occurred in January, 2010. A light to moderate North East (NE) wind blows for about The study sites were selected as the most 90% of the year important sites with history in marine shrimp (http://www.windfinder.com/wind/windspeed.ht farming and faced several constraints led to the m). The water table is deep below the surface failure of the shrimp production. This gives us and the tidal range is 0.6 – 1.2 m and is of a possibility to deal with the real world of shrimp semi- diurnal nature. The site consists of river farming constraints. The advantage of working deposits; boulders and small stones up Valley, with these selected sites is the availability of progressing to fine sand, silt and patches of clay facilities to study and farmers to cooperate with deposited from past flooding. Water them. First site is the Shrimp & Fish temperatures in the Gulf of Aqaba are seasonally International Company (SAFICO), Nabq variable with a maximum of 27 oC and a Protectorate, Sharm EL-Sheikh, South Sinai, minimum of 19 oC in August and February, Egypt. This farm has maturation and hatchery respectively. Water temperature in the tidal flats facilities to produce marine shrimp postlarvae is much more variable with a maximum (PL) and experimental earthen ponds. The study recorded temperature of 34 oC and a minimum at that site was carried out from January 2009 to of 16 oC December 2011. There was a contract between (http://www.zoover.co.uk/egypt/egypt/nabq-en- the owners of SAFICO and the author of this nabq-bay/weather). paper to develop marine shrimp farming and AL-Deba study site they provided the author with all facilities and technologies to overcome constraints of shrimp This area is defined by Damietta to the farming in this farm. west, the Mediterranean Sea to the north, and Lake Manzala to the south (31o 28 َ 22.62 َ N Second site is AL Deba Triangle, Port- and 31o 55 َ 13.2486 َ E; Figure 2). It comprises Said - Damietta. At that sites there was a a triangle of low-lying and reclaimed land, repeated cases of shrimp loss and crop failure which has found a natural use for aquaculture, and farmers does not really recognized the being unsuitable for other purposes. Total area reason, and through the shrimp hatcheries and under production may be as high as 20,000 farm development project funded by Ministry of feddan (including hosha system). 322 MAJOR CONSTRAINTS FACING DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE SHRIMP FARMING IN EGYPT Figure 1. Satellite map shows the SAFICO farm location including Growout ponds, hatchery, power generators, green houses and staff accommodation. Figure 2.Satellite map shows the Deba Triangle location including Growout ponds. 323 MEGAHED ET AL Methods carried out to perform stage one of semisulcatus and Marsupenaeus japonicas. the study Today Egypt has two marine private hatcheries This study was carried out with the operate with a low production capacity and are purpose of collecting knowledge concerning not working regularly, but works according to constraints facing shrimp farming in Egypt. This the demand of the farmers, as in some years study includes extensive survey and filed study there is no demand for the shrimp postlarvae and at two sites with history of shrimp production in some other years the demand in average and suffered from failure of marine shrimp cannot exceed thousands of shrimp Postlarvae farming. (AL-Deba and Shata farming Zones). Survey of the shrimp production constraints at Few farms sometimes culture shrimp and both sites: these farms are not specialized in shrimp The identified major constraints in production, but are stocking shrimp after the SAFICO and AL – Deba Triangle farming nursery period of marine fishes collected from system were: Bad feed quality; high feed cost; the wild or obtained from the two working low growth and low survival. In addition to marine hatcheries (Haraz and AL- Wafa marine pond construction, Pond soils, farm layout and hatcheries). The management and production of management practices problems of each site these shrimp farms during 90-150 days of grow- were identified. out are ranging for stocking densities (5 to 20 post larvae (PL)/m2 ), survival rates (< 5 to 82 RESULTS %); average animal weight at final harvest (<10 Survey of constraints facing shrimp culture in to 32 gm) and shrimp yields average 26 to 864 Egypt and pilot experiments to practical kg/ha per year, converting this production value diagnosis these constraints. into our local calculation kg/feddan, considering The results of this stage were organized 1 ha= 2.38 feddan, then the production in two sections. The first one is concerned with kg/feddan/year (864/2.38) = 363.02 the results of the survey of the sites with history kg/feddan/year. There is only farm specialized of shrimp farming. The second section is in shrimp production and played important roles concerned with the results of the pilot in developing shrimp farming in Egypt namely; experiments at the two selected sites of potential SAFICO farm which worked and stopped history of shrimp farming and faced several several times for the reasons of the lake of seed constraints in shrimp culture. The second section technology, feed technology, disease problems, was started after knowing the key constraints in logistic problem of environmental agencies and section one. The results organized as follow: high production costs. Based on the results of the survey, the Shrimp culture can develop Survey of the shrimp farming sites in Egypt. rapidly in the coming decade if: The constraints facing development shrimp mariculture in SAFICO and AL-Deba Triangle 1. We could mitigate the technical and Zone. institutional constrains mainly (quality of seed During the last three decades, there has production and their limited seasonality from been increasing investment in shrimp farming in April to August; Egypt and there are clear indicators for further 2.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Improving Shrimp Practices in Latin America
    IMPROVING SHRIMP MARICULTURE in LATIN AMERICA GOOD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (GMPS) to R EDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS and IMPROVE EFFICIENCY of S HRIMP AQUACULTURE in LATIN AMERICA and an ASSESSMENT of P RACTICES in the HONDURAN SHRIMP INDUSTRY Claude E. Boyd P.O. Box 3074 Auburn,Alabama 36831 U.S.A. Maria C. Haws Coastal Resources Center University of Rhode Island Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882 U.S.A. Bartholomew W. Green Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquaculture Auburn University,Alabama 36849-5419 U.S.A. TABLE of C ONTENTS Preface___________________________________________________________________ 1 1.0 Rationale for Developing GMPs ____________________________________________ 3 2.0 Characteristics of Good Management Practices__________________________________ 5 3.0 Who Can Benefit from Good Management Practices _____________________________ 7 4.0 Methodology Used in Developing Good Management Practices ______________________ 8 5.0 The Scope and Intent of Good Management Practices _____________________________ 10 6.0 Characteristics of the Honduras Shrimp Industry ________________________________ 12 7.0 Site Selection _________________________________________________________ 16 7.1 Topography ______________________________________________________ 17 7.2 Hydrology and Hydrography__________________________________________ 18 7.3 Soil Characteristics ________________________________________________ 18 7.4 Infrastructure and Operational Considerations _____________________________ 19 8.0 Farm Design and Construction _____________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Study on the Potential of Fish Farming in the Caribbean
    CRFM Technical & Advisory Document Series Number 2014 / 2 STUDY ON THE POTENTIAL OF FISH FARMING IN THE CARIBBEAN CRFM Technical & Advisory Document - Number 2014 / 2 Study on the Potential of Fish Farming in the Caribbean Prepared by: George Myvett, Milton Haughton and Peter A. Murray CRFM Secretariat Belize 2014 2 CRFM Technical & Advisory Document - Number 2014 / 2 Study on the Potential of Fish Farming in the Caribbean © CRFM 2014 All rights reserved. Reproduction, dissemination and use of material in this publication for educational or non-commercial purposes are authorised without prior written permission of the CRFM, provided the source is fully acknowledged. No part of this publication may be reproduced, disseminated on used for any commercial purposes or resold without the prior written permission of the CRFM. Correct Citation: CRFM, 2014. Study on the Potential of Fish Farming in the Caribbean. CRFM Technical & Advisory Document No 2014 / 2. P78 ISSN : 1995-1132 Published by the Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism Secretariat Belize This document has been produced with financial assistance of the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Coordination (CTA) which funded the Consultancy. However, the views expressed herein are those of the author and CRFM Secretariat, and can therefore in no way be taken to reflect the official opinions of CTA. 3 Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 Glossary
    [Show full text]
  • Shrimp Farming in China: Lessons from Its Developmental History « Global Aquaculture Advocate
    11/28/2018 Shrimp farming in China: Lessons from its developmental history « Global Aquaculture Advocate LEADERSHIP & INNOVATION (/ADVOCATE/CATEGORY/LEADERSHIP-INNOVATION) Shrimp farming in China: Lessons from its developmental history Friday, 11 September 2015 By Dr. Xianhong Meng , Dr. Qingyin Wang , Dr. Jie Kon , Dr. Jian Li and Dr. Jie Huang Disease diagnosis, prevention and control techniques should be enhanced Marine shrimp farming has been one of the most important industries in the eld of marine economy development in China. The main species cultured are Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis); Pacic white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei); black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon); and Kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus). Before 1995, F. chinensis was the most important farmed shrimp species in China, especially in the provinces comprising its natural distribution along the coast of the Bohai and Yellow Seas. Its highest ocean catch was over 40,000 metric tons (MT) in 1979. Production increases since 1995 came basically from L. vannamei (Figure 1). In 2013, China harvested more than 1 mmt of shrimp from marine farm ponds, with L. vannamei accounting for 812,545 MT or 75.14 percent of the total. The production of F. chinensis (41,931 MT, 3.88 percent), P. monodon (72,008 MT, 6.65 percent) and M. japonicus (45,949 MT, 4.25 percent) also contributed relatively small shares. https://www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/shrimp-farming-in-china-what-should-we-learn-from-its-developmental-history/?headlessPrint=AAAA 11/28/2018 Shrimp farming in China: Lessons from its developmental history « Global Aquaculture Advocate Especially with the outbreak of white spot syndrome in 1993, China made the large-scale development of new shrimp varieties selected for faster growth and greater disease resistance a priority.
    [Show full text]
  • Reviving the Aquaculture of Black Tiger Shrimp in Southeast Asia: Perspectives and Future Direction Siri Ekmaharaj
    Reviving the Aquaculture of Black Tiger Shrimp in Southeast Asia: Perspectives and Future Direction Siri Ekmaharaj The intensive culture of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus currently being supplied by some South American countries. monodon) was first developed in the late 1985s, during In order to tap this new market for marine shrimps, there is which time, Thailand was the first country to export a need to increase the farm production of tiger shrimp which cultured shrimps (both tiger shrimp and other marine is an indigenous marine shrimp species in Southeast Asia, to shrimp species) to the world market from 1991 to 2014. The country’s total production of black tiger shrimp at its peak cater to the demand of the new markets in China and Japan. was about 420,000 metric tons (MT)/yr in 1998 and 1999. Then, the shrimp aquaculture industry encountered many problems that were mainly related to water pollution in the culture areas followed by disease outbreaks caused by the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) impacting on the sustainability of the tiger shrimp culture. As recovery in terms of production was quite slow, the Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) was introduced to the country in 2002. Since then until early 2011, Thailand’s production of white shrimp had increased to an average of 620,000 MT/yr while the production of tiger shrimp was only about 1-2 % of the country’s total shrimp production. Later, when the shrimp culture industry of the ASEAN Member States suffered another Former SEAFDEC Secretary-General Dr. Siri Ekmaharaj major blow due to the incidence of early mortality at SEAFDEC/AQD on 12 July 2018 syndrome (EMS) in cultured marine shrimps during 2010- 2011, production of the white shrimp dropped rapidly in most countries including Thailand.
    [Show full text]
  • MBA-Seafood Watch US-Farmed Shrimp Report (Pdf)
    Whiteleg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Image © Scandinavian Fishing Yearbook/www.scandfish.com United States Outdoor Ponds, Indoor Raceways, Recirculating Aquaculture Systems August 21, 2014 Granvil Treece, Consulting Researcher Disclaimer Seafood Watch® strives to have all Seafood Reports reviewed for accuracy and completeness by external scientists with expertise in ecology, fisheries science and aquaculture. Scientific review, however, does not constitute an endorsement of the Seafood Watch® program or its recommendations on the part of the reviewing scientists. Seafood Watch® is solely responsible for the conclusions reached in this report. 2 About Seafood Watch® The Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch® program evaluates the ecological sustainability of wild-caught and farmed seafood commonly found in the North American marketplace. Seafood Watch defines sustainable seafood as originating from sources, whether wild-caught or farmed, which can maintain or increase production in the long-term without jeopardizing the structure or function of affected ecosystems. The program’s mission is to engage and empower consumers and businesses to purchase environmentally responsible seafood fished or farmed in ways that minimize their impact on the environment or are in a credible improvement project with the same goal. Each sustainability recommendation is supported by a seafood report. Each report synthesizes and analyzes the most current ecological, fisheries and ecosystem science on a species, then evaluates this information against the program’s sustainability criteria to arrive at a recommendation of “Best Choice,” “Good Alternative,” or “Avoid.” In producing the seafood reports, Seafood Watch utilizes research published in academic, peer-reviewed journals whenever possible. Other sources of information include government technical publications, fishery management plans and supporting documents, and other scientific reviews of ecological sustainability.
    [Show full text]
  • THE TEXAS AQUACULTURE INDUSTRY - 2012 Part 1 (243 Pages) Compiled by Granvil D
    THE TEXAS AQUACULTURE INDUSTRY - 2012 Part 1 (243 pages) Compiled By Granvil D. Treece Texas A&M University Sea Grant College Program The historical average for Texas aquaculture production is: Estimated Totals from approximately 180 operations on TDA aquaculture licenses list / Approx. 8,000 ac./Approx. 30,000,000 pounds,/ Approx. US $60,000,000 Total Value. Estimated $360 million/yr total economic impact on state’s economy when jobs, feed, and other economical benefits are included. Channel catfish has remained the largest aquaculture crop in Texas since 2008. In 2008, there was an estimated production of 28 million pounds produced on 3,500 surface acres of water, and about the same in 2009 with 45 producers and 3 processors in 2009, which dropped to 2 in 2010. Catfish is also the largest value aquaculture crop in the state. According to Peter Woods, Fisheries Specialist with Texas AgriLife Extension, “ Most of the catfish production area in 2009, about 3,000 acres, was in the Coastal Bend, and the remainder (500 acres) is in upper East Texas. The value of the fish remained relatively constant at $0.80/lb live weight for a total value of approximately $22.4 million. Entry and exit of the industry balanced out with little-or-no change in total acreage under water from 2007 levels to 2008.” A few farms did exit the industry in 2009 and even more in 2010. There was a more dramatic change in the industry in 2010, according to Peter Woods. The number of producers dropped from 45 to about 40.
    [Show full text]
  • Commercial Aquaculture in Hawaii, 1986
    HITAHR COLLEGE OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE & HUMAN RESOURCES INFORMATION TEXT SERIES 031 COMMERCIAL AQUACULTURE IN HAWAII, 1986 Kevan L. Main and Robert H. Deupree, Jr. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors thank the commercial aquaculture farmers in Hawaii for providing the information presented in this paper. Ellen Antill, Paul Bienfang, Mark Brooks, John Corbin, Chauncey Ching, Jan Dill, Phil Helfrich, Ken Leber, and Jim Wyban provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Special thanks to Carolyn Rahman for typing the many drafts of the manuscript. This project was supported by USDA Cooperative State Research Service grant #86-CRSR-2-2793. THE AUTHORS Kevan L. Main is a research associate at the Oceanic Institute, Makapuu Point, Waimanalo, Hawaii 96795. Robert H. Deupree, Jr., is a biological technician at the Oceanic Institute. CONTENTS Page O verview ....................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 2 Methods.....................................................................................................................................................2 Results and Discussion.............................................................................................................................. 2 Commercial Aquaculture in Hawaii: The Overall Picture...............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Shrimp Farming in Pacific Island Countries and Territories
    SPC CPS SECRETARIAT OF THE PACIFIC COMMUNITY SECRÉTARIAT GÉNÉRAL DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ DU PACIFIQUE © SPC, 2011 – Cover design: Muriel Borderie –SPC Publications Section : Hugues Lemonnier Muriel –SPC Publications – Photo design: Borderie © SPC, 2011 – Cover Shrimp farming in Pacific Island countries and territories: CONTACT DETAILS Secretariat of the Pacific Community Status and trends in 2010 SPC Headquarters SPC Suva Regional Office SPC Pohnpei Regional Office SPC Solomon Islands BP D5, Private Mail Bag, PO Box Q, Country Office 98848 Noumea Cedex, Suva, Kolonia, Pohnpei, 96941 FM, PO Box 1468 New Caledonia Fiji Islands, Federated States of Honiara, Solomon Islands Telephone: +687 26 20 00 Telephone: +679 337 0733 Micronesia Telephone: + 677 25543 Fax: +687 26 38 18 Fax: +679 337 0021 Telephone: +691 3207 523 +677 25574 Fax: +691 3202 725 Fax: +677 25547 Email: [email protected] Website: www.spc.int Shrimp farming in Pacific Island countries and territories: Status and trends in 2010 Compiled for SPC Aquaculture Section by Jacques Patrois Secretariat of the Pacific Community Noumea, New Caledonia, 2011 © Copyright Secretariat of the Pacific Community, 2011 All rights for commercial / for profit reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. SPC authorises the partial reproduction or translation of this material for scientific, educational or research purposes, provided that SPC and the source document are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document and/or translate in whole, in any form, whether for commercial / for profit or non-profit purposes, must be requested in writing. Original SPC artwork may not be altered or separately published without permission. Original text: English Secretariat of the Pacific Community Cataloguing-in-publication data Patrois, Jacques Shrimp farming in Pacific Island countries and territories: status and trends in 2010 / compiled for SPC aquaculture section by Jacques Patrois 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Opportunities and Constraints in Marine Shrimp Farming
    SRAC Publication No. 2600 VI July 2002 PR Opportunities and Constraints in Marine Shrimp Farming Jack M. Whetstone1, Gravil D. Treece2, Craig L. Browdy3 and Alvin D. Stokes4 Shrimp mariculture, the produc- The major aspects of shrimp mari- ly among species. Most tropical tion of saltwater shrimp in culture are sourcing or obtaining shrimp eggs are 0.00003937 inches impoundments and ponds, origi- brood for hatchery production, (220 micrometers) in diameter. nated in Southeast Asia where for maturation and reproduction of They hatch within 14 hours at centuries farmers raised incidental broodstock, genetic selection, egg 28 oC (82.4 oF). The nauplius is the crops of wild shrimp in tidal fish and nauplii production, larval first larval stage and it is attracted ponds. The shrimp were not con- rearing, postlarval holding and to light. In natural settings, the sidered of great value. Time has sales, growout in ponds and race- shrimp postlarvae (PL) are carried changed this perspective, and ways, production of bait or edible by ocean currents to the protection shrimp culture has grown into one shrimp, harvesting, processing, of estuaries, where they have a of the largest and most important and sales to a world market. diet rich in various sources of aquaculture crops worldwide. All nutrition. They remain there until kinds of shrimp (coldwater and Life cycle the late juvenile or early adult warmwater) are highly desirable stage. now in a world market. Most Juveniles and adults migrate off- The growout phase in bays and coastal countries have a harvest shore, and in the stable environ- ponds generally takes 4 to 5 industry for shrimp, and about 100 ment of the ocean they mature, months (16 to 20 weeks), depend- of those catch enough to export.
    [Show full text]
  • Shrimp Farming in Thailand Has Become a Multi-Billion Dollar Industry and a Major Export Earner
    The Shrimp Aquaculture Sector in Thailand: A Review of Economic, Environmental and Trade Issues. Direk Patmasiriwat, Onno Kuik and Sunil Pednekar. CREED Working Paper 19 October 1998 Direk Patmasiriwat is former Senior Research Specialist at the Thailand Development Research Institute (TDRI), Bangkok. Onno Kuik is Senior Economist at the Institute of Environmental Studies (IVM), Amsterdam. Sunil Pednekar, former Senior Researcher at the TDRI, is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Geography at the University of Sydney. They may be contacted at: TDRI 565 Ramkhamhaeng 39 (Thepleela 1) Ramkhamhaeng Road Wangthonglang Bangkapi district Bangkok 10310 THAILAND Tel: 662 718 5460 Fax: 662 718 5461 IVM Vrije Universiteit de Boelelaan 1115 1081 HV Amsterdam the NETHERLANDS Tel 31 20 444 9555 Fax: 31 20 444 9553 email: [email protected] The programme of Collaborative Research in the Economics of Environment and Development (CREED) was established in 1993 as a joint initiative of the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), London, and the Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Amsterdam. The Secretariat for CREED is based at IIED in London. A Steering Committee is responsible for overall management and coordination of the CREED Programme. Environmental Economics Programme, IIED IIED is an independent, non-profit organisation which seeks to promote sustainable patterns of world development through research, training, policy studies, consensus building and public information. The Environmental Economics Programme is one of seven major programmes of IIED; it conducts economic research and policy analysis for improved management of natural resources and sustainable economic growth in the developing world. Environmental Economics Programme IIED, 3 Endsleigh Street London WC1H 0DD, UK Tel +44 (0)171 388 2117; Fax +44 (0)171 388 2826 e-mail: [email protected] Institute for Environmental Studies, (IVM) IVM is a non-profit research institute, based at Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam.
    [Show full text]
  • US Farmed Shrimp Production
    Seafood Watch Seafood Report U.S. Farmed Shrimp Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei © Sian Morgan/FishWise Final Report August 25, 2009 Victoria Galitzine, Siân Morgan, and Julio Harvey FishWise Seafood Watch/FishWise U.S. Farmed Shrimp Report August 25, 2009 About SFA®, Seafood Watch® and the Seafood Reports This report is a joint product of the Sustainable Fishery Advocates (SFA) and the Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch® program. Both organizations evaluate the ecological sustainability of wild-caught and farmed seafood commonly found in the United States marketplace. In doing so, SFA applies the definition of sustainable seafood and the method for its evaluation and presentation developed by the Seafood Watch program at the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Seafood Watch defines sustainable seafood as originating from species, whether wild-caught or farmed that can maintain or increase production into the long-term without jeopardizing the structure or function of affected ecosystems. SFA makes its sustainable seafood recommendations available to the public through these reports and its FishWise® program. FishWise® is a patented, educational program that provides information on sustainability, catch method, and origin of seafood found at retail outlets. The program seeks to educate consumers, restaurants, distributors, and retailers on sustainable fishery issues, with the goal of decreasing unsustainable fishing practices, while improving the livelihoods of people who fish, fish populations and ocean ecosystems. The body of this report synthesizes and evaluates current scientific information related to each of five sustainability criteria. For each criterion, research analysts at SFA seek out relevant scientific information from the following information sources (in order of preference): academic, peer-reviewed journals, government technical publications, fishery management plans and supporting documents, and other scientific reviews of ecological sustainability.
    [Show full text]
  • Organic Marine Shrimp Farming
    THAI AGRICULTURAL STANDARD TAS 7413-2007 ORGANIC MARINE SHRIMP FARMING National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives ICS 65.020.99 ISBN 978-974-403-473-1 UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION THAI AGRICULTURAL STANDARD TAS 7413-2007 ORGANIC MARINE SHRIMP FARMING National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives 50 Phaholyothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 Telephone (662) 561 2277 www.acfs.go.th Published in the Royal Gazette Vol. 124 Section 78E, dated 29 June B.E. 2550 (2007) (2) Ad hoc Sub-Committee on the Elaboration of Standards for Organic Marine Shrimp Farming 1. Mrs. Mali Boonyaratpalin Chairperson 2. Representative of the Fisheries Technological Development Division, Department of Fisheries Mrs. Niracha Wongchinda Member Mr. Sumate Supichayangku (alternate) 3. Representative of the Fish Inspection and Quality Control Division, Department of Fisheries Mrs. Nantiya Unprasert Member Mrs. Supanoi Subsinserm (alternate) 4. Representative of the Marine Shrimp Culture Research and Development Institute, Department of Fisheries Mrs. Sabaithip Amornjaruchat Member Mrs. Jammaree Rakbangleam (alternate) Mrs. Malinee Witchawut (alternate) 5. Representative of the National Institute of Coastal Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries Mr. Putt Songsangjinda Member 6. Representative of the Office of the Consumer Protection Board, Prime Minister’s Office - 7. Representative of the Office of Commodity and System Standards, National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards Mrs. Oratai Silapanapaporn Member Mrs. Usa Bamrungbhuet (alternate) 8. Representative of the Freshwater Area Shrimp Farmer Association Mr. Nitis Pattarakulchai Member 9. Representative of the Thai Marine Shrimp Association - 10. Experts Associate Professor Prathak Tabthipwan Mr. Chao Sriwichai Mr.
    [Show full text]