Minutes of the Meeting of the S-9 Technical Committee On
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Peanut Genome Initiative Final Report
2012-2017 PGI Final Report Page | 1 Peanut Genome Initiative 2012-2017 Research Accomplishment Report to the U.S. Peanut Industry December 5, 2017 2012-2017 PGI Final Report Page | 2 Peanut Genome Initiative Research Final Report to the U.S. Peanut Industry October, 2017 Table of Contents Executive Summary ……………………………………………………………….. 3 Highlights of Research Accomplishments ……….………………………………. 6 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………… 7 Research Technical Accomplishment Reports …………..………………………… 9 Component 1: Sequencing and Assembly of Peanut Genomes ……….……….. 9 Component 2: Developing Maps and Markers for finding QTL ………….…… 8 Component 3: Developing Markers for Specific Genes in QTL ……………… 15 Component 4: Evaluating New Sequencing and Assembly Technologies ….… 17 Component 5: Identifying Breeding Lines with QTL for Key Traits ……..…. 18 Component 6: Creating On-line Tools for Genome Assisted Breeding ………. 23 Where Do We go From Here? …………..……………………………………… 29 Appendices: ………………………………………………………………..……… 34 Appendix 1: Examples of Funding Leading to Additional Grant and Project Support …………..……………………………………… 34 Appendix 2: Meetings Sponsored by PGI ……………………………………… 35 Appendix 3: Examples of Key Traits That Reside in a Given Wild Arachis Species ………………………………………….……… 36 Appendix 4: Research Publications by PGI members & Associates Relevant to PGP ……………………………………………….. 37 Appendix 5: Sponsors Who Have Provided Financial Support for the Peanut Genome Initiative ………………….…………………….. 50 Appendix 6: Members of the Peanut Genome Consortium ……..……………. 52 Appendix 7: Terms and Definitions ………………………………………….. 53 2012-2017 PGI Final Report Page | 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Unlocking the Door to a Limitless Future: The Peanut Genome Initiative (PGI) In 2012, the U.S. peanut industry charged The Peanut Foundation with initiating a research program to map the genetic code of the peanut plant. The Peanut Genome Initiative (PGI) was — and remains — the largest research project ever funded by our industry, with the $6M cost shared equally among growers, shellers and manufacturers. -
Ornamental Grass Bed a Self Guided Tour
Pennisetum Setaceum ‘Rubrum’ , Purple Foun- It is the purpose of the demonstration garden tain Grass—sun/part shade, 4’ tall arching grass to create an environment that informs our Ornamental with burgundy/red foliage topped by purplish pink community and illustrates environmentally spiked plumes that nod. Where temperatures drop sound methods of gardening in an atmos- Grass Bed below freezing, this grass is used as an annual. phere of collaboration and enrichment. Beautiful in a container. Pennisetum Setaceum ‘Fireworks’, Variegated The garden is an ongoing project demonstrat- Bed #12a & 12b Purple Fountain Grass—Sun/part shade, 2-3’ ing the performance of a wide variety of high strappy leaves with purple mid-vain flanked by plants, efficient irrigation and reduced chemi- pinkish-red. Produces beautiful red-burgundy fox- cal usage. Plants included are natives, trialed, tail flowers. Great accent plant and excellent in and not commonly grown in this area. containers. Pennisetum orientale ‘Karley Rose’, Oriental- Fountain Grass—Full sun, 3-4’ tall, uniform, up- right clumps of graceful arching dark green foliage Please visit the gardens again soon. A topped with long-blooming (June till frost) rose lav- ender plumes . To be trialed in 2011. Self Guided Pennisetum purpureum ‘Princess Molly’ Lafayette Parish Tour Ornamental Napier Master Gardener Association Grass—full sun/part shade, 14-20” tall, leaves are a deep burgundy with a cas- Downtown Office: cading growth habit. 1010 Lafayette Street They flower only in Suite 325, Lafayette, LA Demonstration completely frost free 337-291-7090 zones and are reli- Gardens able hardy perenni- als in zones 8 to 11. -
Peanuts and Prestige on the Peruvian North Coast: the Archaeology of Peanuts at Huaca Gallinazo (V-59) and Huaca Santa Clara (V-67)
PEANUTS AND PRESTIGE ON THE PERUVIAN NORTH COAST: THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF PEANUTS AT HUACA GALLINAZO (V-59) AND HUACA SANTA CLARA (V-67) by Lindi Jaclyn Masur B.A. (Hons), The University of Western Ontario, 2010 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in The Faculty of Graduate Studies (Anthropology) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) August 2012 © Lindi Jaclyn Masur, 2012 i ABSTRACT This thesis explores the role that a single species of plant, the peanut (Arachis hypogaea), played in pre-Hispanic North Coast communities of the Andes. Through a literature review of ethnohistoric accounts, Moche iconographic interpretation, and nutritional analysis, I explore the symbolic importance of the peanut, as well as other special properties that may have contributed to peanuts’ luxury status in the pre-Hispanic North Coast. This study documents the peanut’s use not only as a comestible, but also as a prestige good used in competitive feasts and for veneration of the dead. I show how the peanut was used both practically and symbolically in order to create and reify status differences between elites and commoners, and how this trend extends into the South Coast. Finally, I provide evidence for peanuts’ prestige association through a case study of the archaeobotanical remains from Huaca Gallinazo (V-59) and Huaca Santa Clara (V-67), two important Early Intermediate Period sites located in the Virú Valley and that were part of the Virú polity. ii PREFACE This research was funded in part by a Joseph-Armand Bombardier CGS – Master’s Award scholarship (award number #766-2011-4276) from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, and a University of British Columbia Faculty of Arts Graduate Entrance Scholarship. -
Protected Areas and the Challenge of Conserving Crop Wild Relatives
PARKS 2012 Vol 18.1 PROTECTED AREAS AND THE CHALLENGE OF CONSERVING CROP WILD RELATIVES Danny Hunter1*, Nigel Maxted2, Vernon Heywood3, Shelagh Kell2 and Teresa Borelli1 * Corresponding author, [email protected] 1 Bioversity International, Rome, Italy 2 School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom 3 School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, United Kingdom ABSTRACT Crop wild relatives are a critical resource for sustaining future food security. It is widely recognized that many of the world’s protected areas contain CWR diversity. Despite this, it has not yet proved possible to undertake significant actions to conserve the CWR they contain. Many challenges and obstacles need to be addressed in order to improve this situation. Recent initiatives have started to address these challenges and uncovered some key lessons. Still, the need for action is urgent and the paper concludes by drawing attention to the need for a global approach to conserving priority and threatened CWR in the wild. INTRODUCTION worth noting that the same study found breeders’ use of CWR taxa was increasing year on year, even though it Crop wild relatives (CWR) - wild plant species closely was recognized that they were still far from being related to crops to which they may contribute beneficial systematically exploited. genes - constitute an enormous reservoir of genetic variation for crop improvement and are an important Some idea of the scale of benefits may be obtained from socio-economic resource. Genes from wild plants have published estimates referring to a selected number of provided crops with resistance to many pests and crops. -
Grass Genera in Townsville
Grass Genera in Townsville Nanette B. Hooker Photographs by Chris Gardiner SCHOOL OF MARINE and TROPICAL BIOLOGY JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY TOWNSVILLE QUEENSLAND James Cook University 2012 GRASSES OF THE TOWNSVILLE AREA Welcome to the grasses of the Townsville area. The genera covered in this treatment are those found in the lowland areas around Townsville as far north as Bluewater, south to Alligator Creek and west to the base of Hervey’s Range. Most of these genera will also be found in neighbouring areas although some genera not included may occur in specific habitats. The aim of this book is to provide a description of the grass genera as well as a list of species. The grasses belong to a very widespread and large family called the Poaceae. The original family name Gramineae is used in some publications, in Australia the preferred family name is Poaceae. It is one of the largest flowering plant families of the world, comprising more than 700 genera, and more than 10,000 species. In Australia there are over 1300 species including non-native grasses. In the Townsville area there are more than 220 grass species. The grasses have highly modified flowers arranged in a variety of ways. Because they are highly modified and specialized, there are also many new terms used to describe the various features. Hence there is a lot of terminology that chiefly applies to grasses, but some terms are used also in the sedge family. The basic unit of the grass inflorescence (The flowering part) is the spikelet. The spikelet consists of 1-2 basal glumes (bracts at the base) that subtend 1-many florets or flowers. -
(Arachis Hypogaea) and Its Most Closely Related Wild Species Using
Annals of Botany 111: 113–126, 2013 doi:10.1093/aob/mcs237, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org A study of the relationships of cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and its most closely related wild species using intron sequences and microsatellite markers Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/aob/article-abstract/111/1/113/182224 by University of Georgia Libraries user on 29 November 2018 Ma´rcio C. Moretzsohn1,*, Ediene G. Gouvea1,2, Peter W. Inglis1, Soraya C. M. Leal-Bertioli1, Jose´ F. M. Valls1 and David J. Bertioli2 1Embrapa Recursos Gene´ticos e Biotecnologia, C.P. 02372, CEP 70.770-917, Brası´lia, DF, Brazil and 2Universidade de Brası´lia, Instituto de Cieˆncias Biolo´gicas, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70.910-900, Brası´lia-DF, Brazil * For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 25 June 2012 Returned for revision: 17 August 2012 Accepted: 2 October 2012 Published electronically: 6 November 2012 † Background and Aims The genus Arachis contains 80 described species. Section Arachis is of particular interest because it includes cultivated peanut, an allotetraploid, and closely related wild species, most of which are diploids. This study aimed to analyse the genetic relationships of multiple accessions of section Arachis species using two complementary methods. Microsatellites allowed the analysis of inter- and intraspecific vari- ability. Intron sequences from single-copy genes allowed phylogenetic analysis including the separation of the allotetraploid genome components. † Methods Intron sequences and microsatellite markers were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships in section Arachis through maximum parsimony and genetic distance analyses. † Key Results Although high intraspecific variability was evident, there was good support for most species. -
Ornamental Grasses for Kentucky Landscapes Lenore J
HO-79 Ornamental Grasses for Kentucky Landscapes Lenore J. Nash, Mary L. Witt, Linda Tapp, and A. J. Powell Jr. any ornamental grasses are available for use in resi- Grasses can be purchased in containers or bare-root Mdential and commercial landscapes and gardens. This (without soil). If you purchase plants from a mail-order publication will help you select grasses that fit different nursery, they will be shipped bare-root. Some plants may landscape needs and grasses that are hardy in Kentucky not bloom until the second season, so buying a larger plant (USDA Zone 6). Grasses are selected for their attractive foli- with an established root system is a good idea if you want age, distinctive form, and/or showy flowers and seedheads. landscape value the first year. If you order from a mail- All but one of the grasses mentioned in this publication are order nursery, plants will be shipped in spring with limited perennial types (see Glossary). shipping in summer and fall. Grasses can be used as ground covers, specimen plants, in or near water, perennial borders, rock gardens, or natu- Planting ralized areas. Annual grasses and many perennial grasses When: The best time to plant grasses is spring, so they have attractive flowers and seedheads and are suitable for will be established by the time hot summer months arrive. fresh and dried arrangements. Container-grown grasses can be planted during the sum- mer as long as adequate moisture is supplied. Cool-season Selecting and Buying grasses can be planted in early fall, but plenty of mulch Select a grass that is right for your climate. -
Keynote Lecture MEXICAN BAMBOOS in the XXI CENTURY
Keynote Lecture MEXICAN BAMBOOS IN THE XXI CENTURY: DIVERSITY, USEFUL SPECIES AND CONSERVATION Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez / [email protected] Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara. Camino Ing. Ramón Padilla Sánchez 2100, Nextipac, Zapopán, Jalisco 45110, México. [email protected] Abstract Bamboos are giant grasses belonging to the subfamily Bambusoideae, one of the 12 recognized subfamilies in Poaceae. Bambusoideae has more than 1650 described species of bamboos worldwide both of herbaceous bamboos and woody bamboos. Mexico has 56 native bamboos, 52 of them are woody bamboos and four are herbaceous bamboos. Of these 50 species, 35 are endemic to Mexico, that is, they do not live wild in any other part of the world. Two species in Mexico are the most used since pre-Columbian times; Guadua inermis and Otatea acuminata. Both species have been used for the construction of houses with the technique of "bajereque." Besides these two species, other species have also been used for the same purpose as Guadua paniculata and Otatea fimbriata. Regionally, other species are used for basketry such as Chusquea circinata and Rhipidocladum racemiflorum. Finally, the use of the native species of Mexico as ornamental plants has not been exploited and remains an open field. For conservation purposes, only two endemic species of Mexico (Olmeca recta and Ol. reflexa) are listed in Norma Oficial Mexicana (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010) as endangered species. New analyzes and results indicate that eight endemic species should be included as critically endangered category and 27 species in the endangered category. -
The Nitidulidae and Kateretidae of Sardinia: Recent Data and Updated Checklist (Coleoptera) *
ConseRVaZione haBitat inVeRteBRati 5: 447–460 (2011) CnBfVR The Nitidulidae and Kateretidae of Sardinia: recent data and updated checklist ( Coleoptera)* Paolo AUDISIO Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Via A. Borelli 50, I-00161 Rome, Italy. E-mail: [email protected] *In: Nardi G., Whitmore D., Bardiani M., Birtele D., Mason F., Spada L. & Cerretti P. (eds), Biodiversity of Marganai and Montimannu (Sardinia). Research in the framework of the ICP Forests network. Conservazione Habitat Invertebrati, 5: 447–460. ABSTRACT This paper deals with the Coleoptera Nitidulidae and Kateretidae collected in Sardinia during the surveys organized by Centro Nazionale per lo Studio e la Conservazione della Biodiversità Forestale "Bosco Fontana" of Verona in 2003–2008, with a few selected additional data collected on the island by the author during entomological trips carried out in 1982–2008, and by several Italian and European entomologists in the last few decades. The paper is also completed with the updated checklist of the species so far recorded from the island, including those based on a few unpublished data or extracted from recently examined material. 79 species (73 Nitidulidae, including 10 the presence of which is based only on very doubtful ancient records, and 6 Kateretidae) are listed for Sardinia. The updated list includes two species endemic to the Corso-Sardinian System: Sagittogethes nuragicus (Audisio & Jelínek, 1990), and Thymogethes foddaii (Audisio, De Biase & Trizzino, 2009) n. comb. Sagittogethes minutus (C. Brisout de Barneville, 1872) is recorded for the fi rst time from continental Italy (SE Calabria). Key words: Nitidulidae, Kateretidae, Sardinia, faunistics. -
Download Bamboo Records (Public Information)
Status Date Accession Number Names::PlantName Names::CommonName Names::Synonym Names::Family No. Remaining Garden Area ###########2012.0256P Sirochloa parvifolia Poaceae 1 African Garden ###########1989.0217P Thamnocalamus tessellatus mountain BamBoo; "BergBamBoes" in South Africa Poaceae 1 African Garden ###########2000.0025P Aulonemia fulgor Poaceae BamBoo Garden ###########1983.0072P BamBusa Beecheyana Beechy BamBoo Sinocalamus Beechyana Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2003.1070P BamBusa Burmanica Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2013.0144P BamBusa chungii White BamBoo, Tropical Blue BamBoo Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2007.0019P BamBusa chungii var. BarBelatta BarBie BamBoo Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########1981.0471P BamBusa dolichoclada 'Stripe' Poaceae 2 BamBoo Garden ###########2001.0163D BamBusa dolichoclada 'Stripe' Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2012.0069P BamBusa dolichoclada 'Stripe' Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########1981.0079P BamBusa dolichomerithalla 'Green Stripe' Green Stripe Blowgun BamBoo Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########1981.0084P BamBusa dolichomerithalla 'Green Stripe' Green Stripe Blowgun BamBoo Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2000.0297P BamBusa dolichomerithalla 'Silverstripe' Blowpipe BamBoo 'Silverstripe' Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2013.0090P BamBusa emeiensis 'Flavidovirens' Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2011.0124P BamBusa emeiensis 'Viridiflavus' Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########1997.0152P BamBusa eutuldoides Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2003.0158P BamBusa eutuldoides -
Ornamental Grasses for the Midsouth Landscape
Ornamental Grasses for the Midsouth Landscape Ornamental grasses with their variety of form, may seem similar, grasses vary greatly, ranging from cool color, texture, and size add diversity and dimension to season to warm season grasses, from woody to herbaceous, a landscape. Not many other groups of plants can boast and from annuals to long-lived perennials. attractiveness during practically all seasons. The only time This variation has resulted in five recognized they could be considered not to contribute to the beauty of subfamilies within Poaceae. They are Arundinoideae, the landscape is the few weeks in the early spring between a unique mix of woody and herbaceous grass species; cutting back the old growth of the warm-season grasses Bambusoideae, the bamboos; Chloridoideae, warm- until the sprouting of new growth. From their emergence season herbaceous grasses; Panicoideae, also warm-season in the spring through winter, warm-season ornamental herbaceous grasses; and Pooideae, a cool-season subfamily. grasses add drama, grace, and motion to the landscape Their habitats also vary. Grasses are found across the unlike any other plants. globe, including in Antarctica. They have a strong presence One of the unique and desirable contributions in prairies, like those in the Great Plains, and savannas, like ornamental grasses make to the landscape is their sound. those in southern Africa. It is important to recognize these Anyone who has ever been in a pine forest on a windy day natural characteristics when using grasses for ornament, is aware of the ethereal music of wind against pine foliage. since they determine adaptability and management within The effect varies with the strength of the wind and the a landscape or region, as well as invasive potential. -
ATTRACTION of AUSTRALIAN Carpophllus SPP. (COLEOPTERA: NITIDULIDAE) to SY:"Ithetic PHEROMONES and FERMENTING BREAD DOUGH DA
7206 1. Aus!. en!. Soc.. 1993.32: 339·345 339 ATTRACTION OF AUSTRALIAN CARPOPHlLUS SPP. (COLEOPTERA: NITIDULIDAE) TO SY:"iTHETIC PHEROMONES AND FERMENTING BREAD DOUGH DAVID G. JAMES', ROBERT J. BARTELT', RICHARD J. FAULDER' and ANN TAYLOR' 'NSW Agricullure. Yanco AgricullUrallnslilule. PMB Yanco. NoS. W. 2703. 'USDA Agricullural Research Sen-ice. Nalional Cenler jor AgricullUral Ulilisalion Research. 1815 N. Uni\'ersiIY 51 .. Peoria, Illinois, 6/604. U.S.A. Abstract Data are presented on the attraction of nitidulid beetles (primarily Carpophilus spp.) to synthetic aggregation pheromone, pheromone plus fermenting bread dough or dough alone. in an apricot orchard in southern New South Wales during November· March. The combination of pheromone and bread dough was significantly more effective than either type of bait alone. Synthetic pheromone of Carpophilus hemiplerus (L.) increased attraction of this species to dough by 115 times. Low order (1.7·3.2 times increase) cross·attraction of Carpophi/us mutilatus Erichson. Carpophi/us davidsoni Dobson and Carpophilus (Urophorus) humeralis (F.) also occurred to the combination. Synthetic pheromone of C. mUlilatus increased the attraction of this species to dough by up to 17 times and appeared to be most effective early in the season. C. davidsoni and C. humeralis also responded to this pheromone (1.6·5.6 times increase). All species showed some cross-attraction to synthetic pheromones of three North American Carpophilus spp. The potential for using synthetic pheromones in the management of nitidulid beetles in stone fruit orchards is discussed. Introduction Nitidulid beetles (primarily Carpophi/us spp.), are worldwide pests of a variety of fruits and grains before and after harvest (Hinton 1945).