DOCSLIB.ORG

Article Is Available On- Tion of Arising CH4 Bubbles in the Epilimnion Combined with Line At

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Article Is Available On- Tion of Arising CH4 Bubbles in the Epilimnion Combined with Line At Biogeosciences, 17, 5209–5221, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5209-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Methane paradox in tropical lakes? Sedimentary fluxes rather than pelagic production in oxic conditions sustain methanotrophy and emissions to the atmosphere Cédric Morana1,2, Steven Bouillon1, Vimac Nolla-Ardèvol1, Fleur A. E. Roland2, William Okello3, Jean-Pierre Descy2, Angela Nankabirwa3, Erina Nabafu3, Dirk Springael1, and Alberto V. Borges2 1KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 2Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium 3National Fisheries Resources Research Institute, Jinja, Uganda Correspondence: Cédric Morana ([email protected]) Received: 21 April 2020 – Discussion started: 5 May 2020 Revised: 20 August 2020 – Accepted: 8 September 2020 – Published: 29 October 2020 Abstract. Despite growing evidence that methane (CH4) for- 1 Introduction mation could also occur in well-oxygenated surface fresh wa- ters, its significance at the ecosystem scale is uncertain. Em- Emissions from inland waters are an important component of pirical models based on data gathered at high latitude pre- the global methane (CH4) budget (Bastviken et al., 2011), in dict that the contribution of oxic CH4 increases with lake particular from tropical latitudes (Borges et al., 2015). While size and should represent the majority of CH4 emissions in progress has been made in evaluating the CH4 emission large lakes. However, such predictive models could not di- rates, much less attention has been given to the underlying rectly apply to tropical lakes, which differ from their temper- microbial production (methanogenesis) and loss (methane ate counterparts in some fundamental characteristics, such as oxidation) processes. It is generally assumed that CH4 in year-round elevated water temperature. We conducted stable- lakes originates from the degradation of organic matter in isotope tracer experiments, which revealed that oxic CH4 anoxic sediments. Because most methanogens are consid- production is closely related to phytoplankton metabolism ered to be strict anaerobes, and net vertical diffusion of CH4 and is a common feature in five contrasting African lakes. from anoxic bottom waters is often negligible (Bastviken et Nevertheless, methanotrophic activity in surface waters and al., 2003), physical processes of CH4 transport from shal- CH4 emissions to the atmosphere were predominantly fu- low sediments are usually invoked to explain patterns of local elled by CH4 generated in sediments and physically trans- CH4 concentration maxima in surface waters (Fernández et ported to the surface. Indeed, CH4 bubble dissolution flux al., 2016; Peeters et al., 2019; Martinez-Cruz et al., 2020). In- and diffusive benthic CH4 flux were several orders of mag- deed, CH4-rich pore water is regularly released from littoral nitude higher than CH4 production in surface waters. Micro- sediment into the water column during resuspension events bial CH4 consumption dramatically decreased with increas- associated with surface waves (Hofmann et al., 2010). ing sunlight intensity, suggesting that the freshwater “CH4 The view that CH4 is formed under strictly anaerobic paradox” might be also partly explained by photo-inhibition conditions has been challenged by several recent studies, of CH4 oxidizers in the illuminated zone. Sunlight appeared which have proposed that acetoclastic methanogens directly as an overlooked but important factor determining the CH4 attached to phytoplankton cells are involved in epilimnetic dynamics in surface waters, directly affecting its production CH4 production (Grossart et al., 2011; Bogard et al., 2014) by photoautotrophs and consumption by methanotrophs. and are responsible for distinct near-surface peaks of CH4 concentration in certain thermally stratified, well-oxygenated waterbodies (Tang et al., 2016). It has also been shown that Cyanobacteria (Bizi˘ c´ et al., 2020) and widespread marine Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 5210 C. Morana et al.: Sedimentary fluxes rather than pelagic production phytoplankton (Klintzsch et al., 2019) are able to release a the neighbouring Lake Edward (−0.28971◦ N, 29.73327◦ E), 2 substantial amount of CH4 during a culture study, and this a holomictic, mesotrophic large lake (2325 km ). CH4 production mechanism might be linked to photosyn- Water samples from pelagic stations of Lake Katinda thesis. From a model-based approach, epilimnetic CH4 pro- (0.3 km from shore, 14 m deep), Lake George (2 km from duction was shown to sustain most of the CH4 oxidation in shore, 2.5 m deep) and Lake Edward (15 km from shore, 20 m 14 Canadian lakes (DelSontro et al., 2018) and would even deep) were collected in April 2017 (rainy season) and Jan- represent up to 90 % of the CH4 emitted from a temperate uary 2018 (dry season). Pelagic sites of Lake Kyamwinga lake (Donis et al., 2017). Further, empirical models based (0.5 km from shore, 40 m deep) and Lake Nyamusingere on data gathered in boreal and temperate lakes predict that (0.2 km from shore, 3 m deep) were sampled only once, in the contribution of oxic CH4 increases with lake size (Gün- April 2017 and January 2018, respectively. thel et al., 2019) and should represent the majority of CH4 2 emissions in lakes larger than 1 km . Still, aerobic CH4 pro- 2.2 Environmental setting of the study sites duction has so far only been documented in temperate and boreal lakes so that such predictive models could not di- Conductivity, temperature and dissolved-oxygen concentra- rectly apply to tropical lakes, which differ from their temper- tion measurements were performed with a Yellow Spring In- ate counterparts in some fundamental characteristics, such as strument EXO II multi-parametric probe. Samples for par- year-round elevated water temperature. Primary production, ticulate organic carbon (POC) concentration were collected methanogenic and methanotrophic activities, and cyanobac- on glass fibre filters (0.7 µm nominal pore size) and anal- terial dominance are potentially much higher in tropical lakes ysed with an elemental analyser coupled to an isotope ratio due to favourable temperature (Lewis, 1987; Kosten et al., mass spectrometer (EA–IRMS; Morana et al., 2015a). Pig- 2012). It has also been shown that CH4 emissions are pos- ment concentrations were determined by high-performance itively related to temperature at the ecosystem scale (Yvon- liquid chromatography (Descy et al., 2017) after filtration Durocher et al., 2014) of water samples through glass fibre filters (0.7 µm nominal Here, we tested the hypothesis that phytoplankton pore size). metabolism could fuel CH4 production in well-oxygenated Water samples for determination of dissolved CH4 con- waters in five contrasting tropical lakes in East Africa cover- centration were transferred with tubing from the Niskin bot- ing a wide range of sizes, depths, and productivity (Lake Ed- tle to 60 mL borosilicate serum bottles that were poisoned ward, Lake George, Lake Katinda, Lake Nyamusingere and with 200 µL of a saturated solution of HgCl2, closed with Lake Kyambura). Phytoplankton activity could provide di- a butyl stopper and sealed with an aluminium cap. The verse substrates required for CH4 production mediated by concentrations of dissolved CH4 were measured with the methanogenic Archaea, or alternatively CH4 could be di- headspace equilibration technique (20 mL headspace) using rectly released by phytoplankton cells. Additionally, the sig- a gas chromatograph with flame ionization detection (GC– nificance of epilimnetic CH4 production at the scale of the FID, SRI8610C). 13 aquatic ecosystem was assessed by quantifying CH4 release Samples for δ C–CH4 determination were collected in from sediments, CH4 production and oxidation rates in the 60 mL serum bottles following the same procedure as sam- water column, and CH4 diffusive and ebullitive emissions to ples for CH4 concentration determination. In the labora- 13 the atmosphere. tory, δ C–CH4 was measured as described in Morana et al. (2015b). Briefly, a 20 mL helium headspace was created in the serum bottles, then samples were vigorously shaken 2 Material and methods and left to equilibrate overnight. The sample gas was flushed out through a double-hole needle and purified of non-CH4 2.1 Site description volatile organic compounds in a liquid N2 trap, CO2 and H2O were removed with a soda lime and magnesium perchlo- The sampled lakes cover a wide range of size (<1 to rate traps, and the CH4 was converted to CO2 in an online 2300 km2), maximum depth (3–117 m), mixing regimes, combustion column similar to that in an elemental analyser phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity (Ta- (EA). The resulting CO2 was subsequently pre-concentrated ble S1 in the Supplement). Oligotrophic Lake Kyamwinga in a custom-built cryo-focussing device by immersion of a ◦ ◦ (−0.18054 N, 30.14625 E) and eutrophic Lake Katinda stainless-steel loop in liquid N2, passed through a micro- (−0.21803◦ N, 30.10702◦ E) are stratified, small but deep packed GC column (HayeSep Q 2 m, 0.75 mm ID; Restek), tropical lakes located in western Uganda. Neighbour- and finally measured on a Thermo Scientific Delta V Advan- ◦ ◦ ing Lake Nyamusingere (−0.284364 N, 30.037635 E) tage isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). CO2 produced is a small but shallow and polymictic eutrophic lake. from certified reference standards for δ13C analysis (IAEA- 2 13 Lake George is a larger (250 km ), hypereutrophic, shallow CO1 and LSVEC) were used to calibrate δ C–CH4 data. Re- lake located at the Equator (−0.02273◦ N, 30.19724◦ E). A producibility of measurements estimated based on duplicate single outlet (Kazinga Channel) flows from Lake George to injection of a selection of samples was typically better than Biogeosciences, 17, 5209–5221, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5209-2020 C. Morana et al.: Sedimentary fluxes rather than pelagic production 5211 0.5 ‰ or better than 0.2‰ when estimated based on multiple collected, taking care to avoid disturbance at the sediment– injection of standard gas.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • "A Revision of the Freshwater Crabs of Lake Kivu, East Africa."
    Northern Michigan University NMU Commons Journal Articles FacWorks 2011 "A revision of the freshwater crabs of Lake Kivu, East Africa." Neil Cumberlidge Northern Michigan University Kirstin S. Meyer Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.nmu.edu/facwork_journalarticles Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Cumberlidge, Neil and Meyer, Kirstin S., " "A revision of the freshwater crabs of Lake Kivu, East Africa." " (2011). Journal Articles. 30. https://commons.nmu.edu/facwork_journalarticles/30 This Journal Article is brought to you for free and open access by the FacWorks at NMU Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of NMU Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. This article was downloaded by: [Cumberlidge, Neil] On: 16 June 2011 Access details: Access Details: [subscription number 938476138] Publisher Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37- 41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Journal of Natural History Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713192031 The freshwater crabs of Lake Kivu (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamonautidae) Neil Cumberlidgea; Kirstin S. Meyera a Department of Biology, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, Michigan, USA Online publication date: 08 June 2011 To cite this Article Cumberlidge, Neil and Meyer, Kirstin S.(2011) 'The freshwater crabs of Lake Kivu (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamonautidae)', Journal of Natural History, 45: 29, 1835 — 1857 To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.562618 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.562618 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fishesof Uganda-I
    1'0 of the Pare (tagu vaIley.': __ THE FISHES OF UGANDA-I uku-BujukUf , high peaks' By P. H. GREENWOOD Fons Nilus'" East African Fisheries Research Organization ~xplorersof' . ;ton, Fresh_ CHAPTER I I\.bruzzi,Dr: knowledge : INTRODUCTION ~ss to it, the ,THE fishes of Uganda have been subject to considerable study. Apart from .h to take it many purely descriptive studies of the fishes themselves, three reports have . been published which deal with the ecology of the lakes in relation to fish and , fisheries (Worthington (1929a, 1932b): Graham (1929)).Much of the literature is scattered in various scientific journals, dating back to the early part of the ; century and is difficult to obtain iIi Uganda. The more recent reports also are out of print and virtually unobtainable. The purpose .of this present survey is to bring together the results of these many researches and to present, in the light of recent unpublished information, an account of the taxonomy and biology of the many fish species which are to be found in the lakes and rivers of Uganda. Particular attention has been paid to the provision of keys, so that most of the fishesmay be easily identified. It is hardly necessary to emphasize that our knowledge of the East African freshwater fishes is still in an early and exploratory stage of development. Much that has been written is known to be over-generalized, as conclusions were inevitably drawn from few and scattered observations or specimens. From the outset it must be stressed that the sections of this paper dealing with the classification and description of the fishes are in no sense a full tax- onomicrevision although many of the descriptions are based on larger samples than were previously available.
    [Show full text]
  • Reduction of the “Ngege”, Oreochromis Esculentus (Teleostei: Cichlidae) Populations, and Resultant Population Genetic Status in the Lake Victoria Region
    Uganda Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 13 (2): 65-82 ISSN 1026-0919 Printed in Uganda. All rights reserved © 2012, National Agricultural Research Organisation Reduction of the “ngege”, Oreochromis esculentus (Teleostei: Cichlidae) populations, and resultant population genetic status in the Lake Victoria Region W. Waiswa Mwanja1, P.A. Fuerst2 and L. Kaufman3 1Department of Fisheries Resources, P.O. Box 4 Entebbe, Uganda 2Department of Molecular Genetics, Ohio State University, 386 Aronoff Laboratory, 318 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 3Boston University Department of Biology 5 Cummington Mall Boston, MA 02215 Author for correspondence: [email protected] Abstract Ngege, Oreochromis esculentus, originally formed the mainstay of the Lake Victoria Region (LVR) fisheries. Together with its indigenous congener O. variabilis, it was displaced from Lakes Victoria and Kyoga of LVR and was found to survive as isolated small populations within the peripheral minor lakes and reservoirs around the two lakes. Displacement of the two LVR indigenous tilapiines was thought to be principally driven by changed lake environment and predation by the introduced Nile perch, but also competition and genetic swamping by the closely related introduced and comparatively more ecologically versatile tilapine species. In a study carried out in the LVR between 1993 and 2003, micro satellites and RAPD markers were used to analyse the remnant populations so as to establish the population structure and extant genetic diversity of O. esculentus. Analyses indicated that the surviving O. esculentus retained a high proportion of genetic diversity with high differentiation between units an indication of genetic exchange between indigenous and introduced Nile tilapia where the two forms co-existed.
    [Show full text]
  • Best of Uganda 8- Days / 2015
    GREAT LAKES SAFARIS LTD Where the journey into the wild begins…! BEST OF UGANDA 8- DAYS / 2015 Chimp tracking in Kibale NP • Boat safari to the Queen Elizabeth National Park• • Unforgettable Hot Air Ballooning and Game- viewing drives in Queen Elizabeth NP • • •Accommodation in intimate safari lodges• Your Safari in brief: Date Destination Accommodation Nights Category Day 1 Kampala Kampala Serena Hotel 1 Deluxe room Day 2 Kibale Forest NP Primate Lodge Kibale 2 Luxury Cottage Day 3 Day 4 2 Queen Elizabeth NP Mweya Safari Lodge Standard room Day 5 Day 6 Entebbe 2 Lake Victoria Serena Deluxe room Day 7 Day 8 DEPART GREAT LAKES SAFARIS LTD Where the journey into the wild begins…! DAY 1: ARRIVAL/ KAMPALA (40 km / 1 Hour) Upon arrival at Entebbe International Airport, you will be met by a Great Lakes Safaris’ representative and drive for about 40 km/ 1 hour to your hotel for dinner on own account and overnight at your hotel. Hotel Serena, Kampala – Standard Room Meal Plan: Full Board DAY 2: Kibale Forest National Park is an KAMPALA - KIBALE FOREST NATIONAL PARK (400km /7- 8 hours extensive Biodiversity National Enjoy a hearty breakfast and depart Kampala with your guide and head Park in South Uganda and also to Kibale National Park, with (packed) lunch en route. Kibale rests in known as the “Primate Paradise” has one of the greatest variety the shadow of the fabled ‘Mountains of the Moon’ and is famous for and concentration of primates in the many tea plantations. In the evening we will join an optional night Africa including our famous forest walk and go in search of the bush babies, pottos and other cousin, the Chimpanzee, the red nocturnal animals.
    [Show full text]
  • The Western Rift
    EASTERN AFRICA 6.4 THE WESTERN RIFT by Mary J. BURGIS Tbe Western Rift contains a series of large lakes, from Lake Mobutu Sese Seko Cformerly L. Albert> in the North, through Lake Edward Cfor a period referred to as L. Amin> and L. Kivu, to Lake Tanganyika. the second deepest lak.e in the world. Where the Ruwenzori Mountains rise from the floor of the Rift Valley, between Lakes Edward and Mobutu Sese Seko, they have formed a side-arm to the East of the ma.in va.lley in which lies L.George, connected to L. Edward by the broad Kazinga Channel. 6.4.a LAKE GEORGE L.George is a shallow, naturally eutrophie la.ke which bas supported an importa.nt fishery for many years. During the International Biological Progr8Jlllle Cl966-72) it was the subject of intensive investigation by a group of limnologists from Britain and Uganda plus many visitors from other countries. Swmnarising papers bave been published by Viner and Smith <1973), Burgis et al (1973), Moriarty et al (1973), Ga.nf and Viner (1973), Greenwood <1976) and Burgis Cl978>: the latter gives a full list of publications from this project. 1. Geography and Morphology Lake George is in Western Uganda, the northern half is in the District of Toro and the southern half in Ankole District. Location: on the equator at 30°E Altitude: 913m asl Area: The drainage basin covers 99S5km2 including 250km2 of the lak.e itself. Tbe HYDROMET survey Cl982) gives the area of the lake as 385Jcm2 which presumably includes that of the extensive swamp to the N.
    [Show full text]
  • THE UGANDA WILDLIFE ACT. Statutory Instrument 200–1
    THE UGANDA WILDLIFE ACT. Statutory Instrument 200–1. The Uganda Wildlife (National Parks) (Declaration) Instrument. Arrangement of Paragraphs. Paragraph 1. Citation. 2. Boundaries of national parks. Schedules First Schedule Queen Elizabeth National Park. Second Schedule Murchison Falls National Park. Third Schedule Kidepo Valley National Park. Fourth Schedule Lake Mburo National Park. Fifth Schedule Mgahinga Gorilla National Park. Sixth Schedule Rwenzori Mountains National Park. Seventh Schedule Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. Eighth Schedule Mt. Elgon National Park. Ninth Schedule Kibale National Park. Tenth Schedule Semuliki National Park. THE UGANDA WILDLIFE ACT. Statutory Instrument 200—1. The Uganda Wildlife (National Parks) (Declaration) Instrument.1 (Under sections 17 and 18 of the Act.) 1. Citation. This Instrument may be cited as the Uganda Wildlife (National Parks) (Declaration) Instrument. 2. Boundaries of national parks. The areas contained within the boundaries specified in the Schedules to this Instrument are declared to be national parks. _____ 1This Instrument was made as an Order under the National Parks Act, 1964 Revision, Cap. 227, sections 3 and 4. It was saved by the Uganda Wildlife Statute, Statute 14/1996, section 94. SCHEDULES First Schedule. para. 2. Queen Elizabeth National Park. Commencing at the junction of the thalweg of the Ishasha River with the shore of Lake Edward; thence in a northeasterly direction following the shore of that lake to its junction with the southern bank of the Kazinga Channel; thence
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Information on a Compilation of Nabugabo Ramsar Site, Uganda
    Genetic viability of Nabugabo lakes (LVR satellite lakes) fish species Item Type book_section Authors Mwanja, W.W. Publisher Wetlands Inspection Division Download date 25/09/2021 16:11:32 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/35585 A compilation of Scientific Information on Nabugabo Ramsar Site, Uganda Proceedings ofthe Scientific Conference held at Nabugabo in January, 2001 .;n'. ~ .~~.: ~"ST~ Tl1E REPUBLIC OF UGANDA (0 Edited by: Busulwa H., P. G. Mafabi and L. M. Ndawula 2005 The Nabugabo Ramsar Site GENETIC VIABILITY OF NABUGABO LAKES The effect ofl (LVR SATELLITE LAKES) FISH SPECIES of the native the marginali Wilson Waiswa Mwanja These ecolog Department of Fisheries Resources, P. O. Box 4, Entebbe genetic diver drift and due Abstract In examining questions hay Natural populations of fish species in Lake Victoria Region (LVR) have under gone dramatic changes including severe reduction in sizes, division of original stocks into disjunct subunits, and segregation into several isolated population units either within a single water body or even 1. What i~ worse into separate waters. In addition, these changes have been either preceded or precipitated relative by introductions of non-indigenous species that outcompeted the native forms and in case of 2. What is closely related species genetically swamped them through hybridisation. The latter is especially genetic I the case in Nabugabo Jakes. Such events lead to fragmentation of populations, which results in reduction in genetic diversity due to genetic drift, inbreeding and reduced or lack ofgene flow 3. Does se, among independent units. Such phenomena make the continued existence of fisheries stocks genetic in the wild precarious, more so in the face of the competition from exotic species.
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Diversity, Ecology and Palaeoecology of Aquatic Invertebrate Communities in East African Lakes
    Academic year 2009-2010 Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Science: Biology Regional diversity, ecology and palaeoecology of aquatic invertebrate communities in East African lakes Regionale diversiteit, ecologie en paleo-ecologie van aquatische invertebraten- gemeenschappen in Oost-Afrikaanse meren BOB RUMES Promotor: Prof. Dr. D. Verschuren Co-promotor: Dr. H. Eggermont Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department Research group Limnology Members of the examination committee Members of the reading committee Promotor: Prof. Dr. D. Verschuren (Universiteit Gent) Co-promotor: Dr. H. Eggermont (Universiteit Gent) Prof. Dr. K. Martens (Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen) Prof. Em. Dr. H. Dumont (Universiteit Gent) Dr. O. Heiri (Universiteit Utrecht) Other members of the examination committee Prof. Dr. D. Adriaens (Universiteit Gent) (chairman) Prof. Dr. W. Vyverman (Universiteit Gent) Public thesis defence Thursday, March 11th, 2010 at 4 p.m. Ghent University, campus Ledeganck, Auditorium 4, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Gent This thesis was realised within the framework of CLANIMAE (Climatic and Anthropogenic Impacts on African Ecosystems) funded by the Belgian Science Policy (BelSPO). Dankwoord Dit doktoraat zou er niet zijn zonder de hulp van een hele hoop mensen die (hoofdzakelijk) vrijwillig hun tijd in mij hebben geïnvesteerd. Een kort woordje van dank is dan ook niet ongepast. In de eerste plaats wil ik Dirk Verschuren bedanken. Dirk, bedankt voor het vertrouwen en het geduld. Het is niet altijd vlot verlopen en soms leek het alsof elke keer dat we samenzaten de structuur van mijn doktoraat veranderde, maar in het uiteindelijke resultaat kunnen we ons beiden terugvinden.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrating Natural Capital Into Sustainable Development Decision-Making in Uganda
    Integrating Natural Capital into Sustainable Development Decision-Making in Uganda A project funded by the UK Government Fisheries Resources Accounts for Uganda March 2021 Copyright: National Environment Management Authority National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) NEMA House Plot 17/19/21 Jinja Road P.O. Box 22255 Kampala, Uganda Email: [email protected] Website: www.nema.go.ug Citation: NEMA (2021), Fisheries Resources Accounts for Uganda, ISBN: 978-9970-881-47-5 Editorial team Francis Sabino Ogwal NEMA Editor-in-Chief Dr Victoria Tibenda NaFIRRI Lead Reviewer Eugene Telly Muramira NEMA Consultant Agaton Mufubi NEMA Consultant Paul Okello UBOS Quality Assurance Steve King UNEP-WCMC Editor Mark Eigenraam IDEEA Group Editor Tom Geme NEMA Editor “Integrating Natural Capital Accounting into Sustainable Development Development Decision-making in Uganda” is a project funded by the Darwin Initiative through the UK Government, and implemented by the National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA), Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBoS) and National Planning Authority (NPA) in Uganda, in collaboration with the UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) and the Institute for Development of Environmental-Economic Accounting (IDEEA Group). https://www.unep-wcmc.org/featured-projects/nca-in-uganda ii | P a g e TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD .............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Smallholder Farmers in the Lake Edward River Sub-Basin of Uganda: (Coping Or Adapting to Rainfall Variability in Kasese District?) LION ENGR
    International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems(IJEAIS) ISSN: 2643-640X Vol.4 Issue 9, September-2020, Pages: 23-38 Smallholder farmers in the Lake Edward River sub-Basin of Uganda: (Coping or Adapting to Rainfall Variability in Kasese District?) LION ENGR. ITAFE VICTOR ADACHA, HND (Civil), PGDPM, MNATE, MNSE, COREN Directorate of Technical Aid Corps, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Abuja, Nigeria Kampala International University, Faculty of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering, Western Campus, Ishaka, Uganda Email: [email protected] Abstract—Climatic change and variability are pervasive contemporary realities in Africa. In this paper, we investigate climate stressors (i.e. rainfall patterns and drought) that have occurred in the Lake Edward River sub-Basin (LERB), Uganda. By making use of a mixed-methods approach, including both quantitative and qualitative data collection, we demonstrate that changes in rainfall pattern experienced by rural farmers in the LERB have increased since the 1990s, as have limiting factors constraining sustainable response options. By interrogating data from focus group discussions with smallholder farmers, household questionnaire surveys, and records from government institutions, we show that sustainable livelihoods in this area are also being compromised by non-climatic stresses such as a lack of coordinated crop markets and poor access to loans, inadequate weather forecast information, and poor irrigation infrastructure and varying climate. As a consequence of climatic stresses, resources utilization, diversification of farming methods, and broader structural and development concerns, smallholder farmers have responded with corresponding changes in coping and adaptation strategies. Smallholder farmers are more frequently resorting to shorter term coping strategies rather than longer term adaptation, and are thus still heavily reliant on social, economic, and policy support to improve both their shorter term coping and longer term adaptive capacity.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Low-Cost Captive Breeding and Hatching Technologies for the African Lungfish (Protopterus Aethiopicus and P
    Development of Low-cost Captive Breeding and Hatching Technologies for the African Lungfish (Protopterus aethiopicus and P. amphibius) to Improve Livelihoods, Nutrition, and Income for Vulnerable Communities in Uganda Climate Change Adaptation: Indigenous Species Development/Experiment/13IND03AU John Walakira1,2, Claude Boyd3, and Joseph J. Molnar3 1Aquaculture Research and Development Center, Kajjansi, Uganda 2National Fisheries Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda 3Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA ABSTRACT Culturing resilient species in the prevalent variable climate conditions will be beneficial to African aquaculture. Air breathing fish like the African lungfish (Protopterus sp.) will be desirable, but fish farmers lack aquaculture technologies to propagate and manage this fish. This report summarizes experimental results on diversity, breeding, and management of lungfish reared in aquaculture systems. Relatively higher survival and maturity rates were achieved when lungfish is kept in captivity. A novel SNP panel that will guide a comprehensive lungfish-breeding program is partially generated. Hermaphroditism in lungfish is first reported in this investigation study. These results will guide the generation low-cost technologies for propagating and producing cultured African lungfish to improve household nutrition, food security, and income. Consequently, natural stocks will be protected through this intervention. INTRODUCTION Marbled lungfish (Protopterus aethiopicus) is native to Ugandan waters, but its natural stocks
    [Show full text]
  • Multinational Lakes Edward & Albert Integrated Fisheries & Water
    AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP MULTINATIONAL Public DisclosureAuthorized LAKES EDWARD & ALBERT INTEGRATED FISHERIES & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PROJECT (LEAF II) Public Disclosure Authorized OSAN DEPARTMENT May 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS I – STRATEGIC THRUST & RATIONALE ......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project linkages with country strategy and objectives ............................................................. 1 1.2 Donors Coordination ............................................................................................................... 2 II – PROJECT DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................. 2 2.1 Project Components ................................................................................................................. 2 2.2 Technical solutions retained and other alternatives explored………………………………...4 2.3 Project type .............................................................................................................................. 4 2.4 Project Cost and Financing Arrangements .............................................................................. 5 2.5 Project’s target area and population ........................................................................................ 7 2.6 Participatory process for project identification, design and implementation .......................... 7 2.7 Bank Group experience, lessons reflected in project design ..................................................
    [Show full text]