: FAR NORTH – DISPLACED POPULATION PROFILING 19 May 2015

OVERVIEW 1. Sécurité Alimentaire 31% This document represents a summary snapshot of the large scale assessment conducted by UNHCR and IOM. 2. Eau 20% A detailed report with information by sector and theme is available and may be consulted for a more in-depth analysis of the PROTECTION ISSUES AFFECTING 3. Santé 18% overall findings. The raw data is accessible upon request. INDIVIDUALS IN THE COMMUNITY 4. Sources de revenus 12% The assessment is based on 477 key informant interviews at the community level using a questionnaire with closed 1. Family separation questions which was validated at the Inter-Sector WG. Data was collected through mobile data collection from April 30th , 5. Abris 7% 2. No / loss of personal identify documentation 2015 to May 10th , 2015 covering 235 communities in four departments of the Far North Region of Cameroon. In each REPUBLIC 6. Éducation 5% GROUP OF PEOPLE community four questionnaires were administered (one host-community representative, one IDP representative and two 32,680 OF TCHAD 3. Extortion/Bribes MOST AT RISK specialized key informants for education and health). Purposive sampling was used to identify the communities hosting IDPs 4. Forced marriage 7. Non-vivres 4% NIGERIA IDPs based on available secondary data. 8. Protection / sécurité 3% 1. Infants/toddlers < 5 years old 2. Children ( 5 to 12 years old) Logone- 3. Older persons (60+ years old) POPULATION FIGURES PRIORITY NEEDS Et-Chari Mayo-Sava Sources : Local authorities, religious / community leaders. Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants 12,483 Methods : Estimation, Registration IDPs 1. Food Security 31% Sécurité Alimentaire 31% Diamare % OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS FORCED TO CLOSE IDPs 2. Water 20% 134 key informants (Education staff) Eau 20% 81,693 3. Health 18% 33,900 2,630 Santé 18% IDPs Mayo-Sava 58% Returnees 4. Livelihood 12% IDPs Sources de revenus 12% 35,957 Former IDPs 5. Shelter 7% Maroua Mayo- Logone-et-Chari 26% Abris 7% 6. Education 5% Tsanaga Mayo-Tsanaga 24% Éducation 5% Refugees 7. Non Food Items 4% 12,487 Out of camps 8. Protection / Safety and Dignity 3% Non-vivres 4%

Protection / sécurité 3% The boundaries and names used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by UNHCR or IOM. 218 schools forced to close in the Far North MAIN CAUSES OF DISPLACEMENT WHERE IDPS STAY MOVEMENT DYNAMICS 477 key informants 477 key informants 477 key informants PRESENCE OF UNACCOMPANIED OR SEPARATED MINORS? Host family 36% Mayo-Tsanaga 68% 9% 23% 3% Rented accommodation 28% 39% 57% Mayo-Sava 58% 23% 20% Yes, 57% Self-settled “Site” 24% Logone-et-Chari 40% 13% 48% No, 38% Damaged/unfinished buildings 7% Diamare 23% 77% Don't know, 5% Collective center (schools, public 5% Fled during attack of building, vacated, etc.) Primary displacement Secondary displacement Fled before attack of Boko Haram/preventative Multiple displacement 36% : key informants reporting that most IDPs in their Key informants report presence of Fled fighting between army and Boko Haram 57% Mayo-Sava 42% communities are living with host families unaccompanied or separated children in their community

Logone-Et-Chari 38%

Mayo-Tsanaga 28%

34% of pumps are non functionnal CAMEROON : FAR NORTH – DISPLACED POPULATION PROFILING 19 May 2015

POPULATIONS FIGURES Sources : Key informants Methods : Estimation, Registration

IDPs Refugees Returnees 81,693 12,487 Out of camps 35,957 (Former IDPs)

Total by department Top 10 arrondissements Total by department Top 10 arrondissements Total by department Top 10 arrondissements

Mayo-Tsanaga 33,900 Mayo Moskota 21,066 Logone-et-Chari 10,770 8,779 Mayo-Tsanaga 32,785 Mayo Moskota 21,210 Fotokol 13,185 9,975 Logone-et-Chari 32,680 Mayo-Tsanaga 756 Kousseri 939 Logone-et-Chari 1,683 Mora 8,533 Makari 653 Fotokol 1,069 Mayo-Sava 12,483 Kousseri 7,402 Mayo-Sava 420 Mayo-Sava 1,464 Koza 980 Waza 581 Koza 5,144 Mora 946 Diamare 2,630 Diamare 54 475 Diamare 68 Bourrha 5,073 Mokolo 608 295 Waza 2,985 Tokombere 475 Mora 219 2,980 Tousseri 399 Kolofata 200 Logone Birni 2,356 Waza 71 Mayo Moskota 165 Pette 2,310 Makari 71 Soulede Roua 69 CAMEROON : FAR NORTH – DISPLACED POPULATION PROFILING 19 May 2015

MOST URGENT NEEDS BY SECTOR SEVERITY OF SECTORIAL NEEDS Based on top three priorities by sector as ranked by key informants

None Not life-threatening Life-threatening

Food Security Water Sanitation Health NFI Shelter 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Separated latrines for male 1 Food Basket Water pumps Medicine Bedding Temporary Shelter / tents and women Most key informants reported serious needs in each sector, but were not generally considered life- threatening Shelter Reconstruction / 2 Wheat flour Digging wells Insecticides Health staff Mosquito Net rehabilitation

Agricultural support 3 Water treatment Garbage collection Medical equipment Cooking material Cash assistance (seeds, tools)

Food security WASH 418 key informants 419 key informants PRIORITY NEEDS 40% 40% 30% 30% Based on top priorities by sector as ranked by key informants 20% 20%

1 Food Security 10% 10% 2 Water Male Female 0% 0% 3 Health 40% 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4 Livelihood

20% 31% Health Shelter 90 specialized key informants 416 key informants

0% 20% 40% 18% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 40%

12% 30% 30% 7% 5% 4% 3% 20% 20%

10% 10%

Livelihood (4) Food Security (1) Water (2) Health(3) Shelter (5) Education (6) NonFood Items(7) Protection / Safetyand

0% 0%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Dignity(8)

Education NFIs Logone-et-Chari Mayo-Sava Mayo-Tsanaga Diamare 125 specialized key informants 416 key informants

40% 40% 40% 191 Key Informants 96 Key Informants 177 Key Informants 13 Key Informants 30% 30%

20% 20% 20%

10% 10% 0% 0% 0% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 CAMEROON : FAR NORTH – DISPLACED POPULATION PROFILING 19 May 2015

GROUPS PERCEIVED TO HAVE HIGHEST NEEDS BY SECTOR COMMUNICATION WITH AFFECTED Based on ranking by key informants POPULATION

Displaced Resident Displaced Displaced people in Resident Displaced people people living in Displaced population people living with collective centers population who No in rented damaged / people in self hosting Returnees host families (no (schools, public have not been response Most trusted sources of information accommodation unfinished settled “Site” displaced rent fees) building. etc.) displaced buildings persons Government 33% Food Security 23% 22% 12% 8% 12% 11% 7% 1% %

WASH 11% 23% 13% 10% 15% 13% 8% 2% 5% Community leader 27%

Health 23% 6% 20% 16% 14% 12% 4% 2% 3% Religious leader 24%

NFI 4% 32% 14% 2% 21% 5% 20% % 2% Humanitarian organisation 10%

Shelter 23% 21% 13% 8% 13% 11% 4% 1% 5% Police 3%

Armed groups 2% Displaced people living with host families were considered to be in greatest need of assistance with regard to food, Ranking Other 2% health and shelter, whereas displaced people in rented accommodation were considered to be in greatest need of First assistance with regard to WASH and NFI. Second

Main channels of communication available in Third the community Infants / toddlers Children Youth female Youth male Women (18- Men (18 - 59 Older persons No response < 5 years old ( 5 to 12 years old) (13-17 years old) (13-17 years old) 59 years old) years old) (60+ years old) Community leaders 33%

Food Security 36% 22% 6% 1% 14% 3% 18% % Religious leaders 24%

WASH 35% 20% 8% 1% 15% 3% 17% 1% Mobile phone/SMS 11%

Health 40% 24% 4% 1% 13% 1% 16% 1% Word of mouth 11%

NFI 33% 19% 9% 2% 16% 4% 17% % Radio 8%

Shelter 32% 17% 8% 3% 14% 7% 18% 1% Leaflet 7% Television 2%

Children less than five years old were considered to be in greatest need of assistance in all sectors Other 3% Mot coupe Constraints in accessing information

Don’t know who to ask 30%

TOP THREE GROUPS IN GREATEST NEED OF ASSISTANCE Don’t have access to usual media 20% By age By displacement situation No access to electricity 16% Don't understand the language of the 14% 1 Infants/toddlers < 5 years old 1 Displaced people living with host families (no rent fees) information 2 Children ( 5 to 12 years old) 2 Displaced people in rented accommodation Don’t trust the available media 8% Other 3 Older persons (60+ years old) 3 Displaced people in self settled “camps” 13% CAMEROON : FAR NORTH – DISPLACED POPULATION PROFILING 19 May 2015

Population movements Food Security 446 key informants Based on responses from key informants, nearly half of IDPs (47%) are displaced in the same department but in a different arrondissement. Nearly one-third (32%) stayed in the same Most urgent interventions required arrondissement, and 18% stayed in the same area. Of the displaced, a majority (56%) moved as a Based on top priorities by sector as ranked by key informants family unit, whereas smaller percentages moved as entire villages (30%) or as individuals (14%). In terms of host families, the majority (68%) are prepared to host IDPs for as long as the situation Food Basket 34% requires, whereas 23% are willing to host IDPs for a limited periods, and 2% reported tensions Wheat flour 28% between host communities and IDPs. Agricultural support (seeds, tools) 15% Cash assistance 10% Bread 5% Where IDPs stay Movement dynamics Other 7%

Mayo-Sava 46% 37% 4%6%7% Mayo-Tsanaga 68% 9% 23% Coping Mecanisms Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants (Multiple answers possible) Mayo-Sava 58% 23% 20% Logone-et-Chari 36% 23% 36% Reduce number of meals eaten in a day 66% Logone-et-Chari 40% 13% 48% Mayo-Tsanaga 38% 31% 10% 13% 8% Limit portion size at mealtimes Diamare 23% 77% 63% Rely on less preferred and less expensive 54% Diamare 5% 81% 14% Primary displacement foods Secondary displacement Send children to eat with neighbours 40% Host family Multiple displacement Rented accommodation Skip entire days without eating 36% Self-settled "Camp" Collective center (school, public building) Damage unfinished buildings Most reported food accessibility issues Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants (Multiple answers possible) Location of internal displacement Composition of displaced population Lack of money, income or resources 76% Insecurity 46% Different arrondissement same department 47% Sedentary 80% Physical and logistic constraints to market 34% (roads damaged, too far, no transport, etc.). Different community same arrondissement 32% Nomad 13% Lack of information on available food 32% Same area 18% (distribution sites, market, time) Other 7% Other 3% Most reported food availability issues Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants (Multiple answers possible)

Not enough food produced locally 63% Reasons for choice of displacement location Individual vs. collective displacement Not enough infant cereal/foods to feed 61% One family / one part of a family children 6 to 24 months 56% Links ethnic / tribal / religious / family 58% have moved separately Not enough cooking items or utensils 44% Closest to home that is safe Locality 36% Entire village that has moved 30% Not enough infant formula 39% Economic reasons (work, etc.) 4% Other 2% Individual 14% Not enough food (diversity) in markets 38% Not enough fuel/gaz for cooking 10% CAMEROON : FAR NORTH – DISPLACED POPULATION PROFILING 19 May 2015

Protection Principal protection concerns for communities Based on top protection issues as ranked by key informants

Host community – IDP relations Family separation 36%

Host community willing to assist for as long as necessary 68% No or loss of personal identity documentation 32%

Early marriages 10% Host community willing to assist, but for limited time 23% Harassment or discrimination 10% Tensions already exist 2% Housing, Land and property related conflicts, disputes or 7% Other 7% grievances Sexual violence 4% Tensions between the displaced and the host community have been reported by Recruitment and use of children into armed forces/armed 2% various key informants in the following departments and locations : groups - Mayo-Sava: Djakara, Amtchali and Meme - Mayo-Tsanaga : Bourrha2 Presence of landmines and unexploded ordnance 0.4% - Logone-Et-Chari : Madagascar2

Principal protection concerns for communities

Presence of separated or unaccompanied minors Housing, Land Recruitment and Presence of No or loss of and property use of children Family Early Harassment or Sexual landmines and Departements Arrond. personal identify related conflicts, into armed separation marriages discrimination violence unexploded Yes, 57% documentation disputes or forces/armed ordnance grievances groups No, 38%

Don't know, 5% Diamare Gazawa

Pette X Logone-et-Chari 57% key informants report presence of Blangoua X unaccompanied or separated children in their community. Fotokol X X X X Kousseri X X Logone-Birni X Presence of persons with specific needs Makari X X X X X Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants (Multiple answers possible) Waza X X X X Children not attending school 75% Mayo-Sava Kolofata X Older persons responsible for a HH 74% Mora X X X X Older destitute persons 72% Tokombere X X X X Mayo-Tsanaga Persons with disabilities (physical) 38% Bourrha X Persons with chronic illness 25% Koza X X X X X X Mayo Moskota X X X X X X Persons with mental problems 21% Mogode X X Etchnic minority discriminated 5% Mokolo X X X X X X Persons living with HIV/Aids 4% Soulede Roua Religious minority discriminated 3% Presence of landmines is reported in Fotokol and Mayo Moskota CAMEROON : FAR NORTH – DISPLACED POPULATION PROFILING 19 May 2015

Education WASH 134 specialized key informants

% of primary schools forced to close by department % of non-functional pumps by department

Mayo-Sava 58% Mayo-Sava 42%

Logone-et-Chari 26% Logone-Et-Chari 38%

Mayo-Tsanaga 24% Mayo-Tsanaga 28%

34% of water pumps are not functioning (213 pumps of a total of 587) 218 primary schools forced to close

Most reported hygiene issues Most reported sanitation issues Principal reasons for disruption in education Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants (Multiple answers possible) Open defecation 29% Not enough places to wash or 52% Lack of School materials, textbooks, pens, bathe 63% Increase of flies and mosquitoes 18% boards, etc. Lack of money, income or resources to Personal hygiene products 60% Bad smell 13% 27% send children to school (shampoo, toothbrush, soap) Rubbish and garbage accumulation 13% Teachers are not available 59% Female hygiene products (sanitary 19% Children needed to help family (include Waste causes environmental pollution 11% pad) 45% child labour) Sewage causes water pollution 8% Early marriage 40% Other 2% Increase of rodents like rats 6%

Principal needs in education Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants Most reported sanitation facilities/services Most urgent hygiene needs This exercise was conducted by UNHCR and IOM with the participation of local limitations School construction 21% Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants Based on top priorities as ranked by key informants Authoritiies , IEDA Relief and Respect Cameroun Cash assistance for children (transportation, 21% school fees, etc.) Lack of money, income or resources to Family Hygiene kits 57% 56% School materials 16% access sanitation facilities/services For more information, please contact :

Food support 15% Physical constraints to the markets Hygiene promotion 28% - UNHCR, Fernandes Nasir, Senior Emergency Coordinator, [email protected] 18% (distance to toilets, segregation, etc.) Teacher's salaries 11% - OIM, Mellicker Bradley, Emergency Coordinator, [email protected] Hygiene kits (infant) 12% Security constraints restricting access to 18% School repairs 4% sanitation facilities Women kits 4% Safe learning spaces 3% Lack of information on available service 4% (location, cost etc.) Psychosocial support 3% Lack of adapted services for persons Other 5% with restricted mobility (older persons, 3% persons with disability) CAMEROON : FAR NORTH – DISPLACED POPULATION PROFILING 19 May 2015

Shelter / NFI Health 477 key informants 90 specialized key informants

Health services (public or private) available during the last 30 days Most reported shelter issues Most reported NFI issues Multiple answers possible Multiple answers possible Multiple answers possible Vaccination services 70% Not enough temporary shelter 66% Mosquito nets 71% Out-patient services Bedding items (mattresses, 62% Not enough tools and material to 61% 58% blankets) repair shelter Nutrition Services 56% Solar lamp 43% Not enough collective shelter 57% Laboratory services 46% Water containers 42% Not enough rental space 54% In-patient services 39% available Child clothing 40% Paediatric services 34% Cooking materials 39% Reproductive Health Services 32% Adult clothing 34% Surgical services 19%

Most reported shelter accessibility issues Physical Rehabilitation Services 2% Multiple answers possible Psychosocial support services 1% Lack of money, income, resources to rent shelter 75% Lack of money, income, resources to buy tools and 1% : key informants reported availability of psychosocial services in their community 49% material to repair shelter. Security constraints restricting access to shelter 41% Cost of health services Multiple answers possible Rent prices not affordable due to significant increase 39% Affordable for most of the people Lack of information on available shelter (location, 64% 28% cost etc.) Too expensive for most of the people 34% Physical and logistic constraints to shelter 26% Free health service available 2% Most reported NFI accessibility issues Multiple answers possible

Lack of money, income or resources 84% This exercise was conducted by UNHCR and IOM with the participation of local

Security constraints 43% Authorities , IEDA Relief and Respect Cameroun. Physical and logistic constraints to 36% market For more information, please contact : Lack of information on available NFI 34% - UNHCR, Fernandes Nasir, Senior Emergency Coordinator, [email protected] Lack of adapted services for 17% persons with restricted mobility - OIM, Mellicker Bradley, Emergency Coordinator, [email protected]

Discrimination 9%