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Cooperation Unicef – Cameroun ********* Bureau Zone De Maroua COOPERATION UNICEF – CAMEROUN ********* BUREAU ZONE DE MAROUA RAPPORT D’EVALUATION DES BESOINS HUMANITAIRES DANS LE DEPARTEMENT DU LOGONE ET CHARI 10 au 14 Avril 2018 Page | 1 Date 10 au 14 Avril 2018 o Wally Badiane, Chief Field office o Jean Michel Goman, Nutrition Specialist Participants à la mission à Afade, o Benoit Daoundo, Child Protection Specialist Blangoua, Kobro, o Fadi Haddad, Security Field Specialist Dougourmachie, Sao/Goulfey o Sarhane Mahamat Khamis, Education Specialist o Martine Ritouandi, C4D Specialist o Gaetan Tounkap, Wash Officer o Wally Badiane, Chief Field office o Jean Michel Goman, Nutrition Specialist Participation à la rédaction du o Benoit Daoundo, Child Protection Specialist rapport d’évaluation o Fadi Haddad, Security Field Specialist multisectorielle o Sarhane Mahamat Khamis, Education Specialist o Martine Ritouandi, C4D Specialist o Gaetan Tounkap, Wash Officer o Levis Kamgan, Monitoring and Evaluation Officer Localités visitées Région Département Arrondissement Localités Extrême-Nord Logone-et- Makary, Blangoua, Goulfey Afade, Sao, Blangoua, Chari Kobro, Dougoumachi, Page | 2 Liste des acronymes ACF Action contre la Faim ALIMA Alliance for International Medical Action ALDEPA Action Locale pour un Développement Participatif et Autogéré ANJE Alimentation et Nutrition du Jeune Enfant AHA African Humanitarian Agency ASC Agent de Santé Communautaire EAE Espace Ami Enfants ENA Enfants Non Accompagnés EAH Eau Assainissement et Hygiène APEE Association des Parents d’Elèves et d’Enseignants BH Boko Haram CNAS Centre Nutrition Ambulatoire pour la prise en charge de la Malnutrition Aigüe Sévère CSI Centre de Santé Intégré CMA Centre Médical d’Arrondissement CNTI Centre de Nutrition Thérapeutique en Interne CNAS Centre Nutritionnel Ambulatoire Sévère CODAS-Caritas Comité Diocésain des Activités Sociales COGES Comité de Gestion (des points d’Eau) IDPs/PDI Personnes Déplacées Internes IEDA International Emergency Development Agency IRC International Rescue Comitee MAS Malnutrition Aiguë Sévère MAM Malnutrition Aiguë Modérée MILDA Moustiquaire Imprégnée à Longue Durée d’Action MINEDUB Ministère de l’Education de Base ONG Organisation Non gouvernemental Oed Œdème PFE Pratique Familiale Essentielle PB Périmètre Brachial PBSO Peace Building Support Office PCIMA Prise en Charge Intégrée de la Malnutrition Aigue PMA Paquet Moyen d’Activités PTME Programme de Prévention de la Transmission Mère-Enfant PUI Première Urgence International RECOPE Réseaux des Communautés de Protection de l’Enfant SMNI Santé Maternelle Néonatale et Infantile VIH Virus de l’Immunodéficience Humaine WASH Water Sanitation and Hygiene Page | 3 Table des matières 1. Résumé Exécutif .................................................................................................................................. 6 2. Objectifs de la Mission ........................................................................................................................ 9 3. Contexte et Analyse de la Situation ................................................................................................... 10 4. Accessibilité ....................................................................................................................................... 12 5. Information sur les populations affectées ......................................................................................... 12 6. Résultats de la Mission ...................................................................................................................... 15 6.1 Nutrition, Santé et VIH .................................................................................................................... 15 6.2 Education......................................................................................................................................... 18 6.3 Protection de l’Enfant ...................................................................................................................... 21 6.4 WASH .............................................................................................................................................. 27 6.5 Communication pour le Développement (C4D) .............................................................................. 29 7. Partenaires opérationnels ................................................................................................................. 30 8. Prochaines étapes : ........................................................................................................................... 31 Page | 4 Le Département du Logone et Chari Page | 5 1. Résumé Exécutif Contexte Afin d’apporter une assistance coordonnée aux femmes et enfants vulnérables dans les localités d’Afade, Blangoua, Kobro, Dougoumachi, et Sao dans le département de Logone et Chari, l’équipe accompagnée du Field Security Specialist a procédé à une évaluation multisectorielle rapide des besoins humanitaires. La localité d’Afade se trouve dans l’arrondissement de Makary dans le département du Logone-et- Chari avec une population de 32 760 Habitants dont 15 495 enfants de moins de 18 ans (8 724 garçons et 6 771 filles). Avec les exactions de Boko Haram, le nombre d’IDPs est de 8 314 dont 3 583 hommes et 4 731 femmes. Le nombre de retournées et de réfugiés est respectivement de 2 267 et de 441. Blangoua, chef-lieu de l’arrondissement de Blangoua est situé à une centaine de kilomètres de Kousseri sur une piste déserte sablonneuse en saison sèche et boueuse en saison pluvieuse. La population totale est de 27 600 habitants dont 13 510 enfants de moins de 18 ans (6 500 garçons et 7 010 filles). Suite aux exactions de Boko Haram, la localité compte environ 13 000 IDPs qui viennent de Fotokol, Darak et Hile Alifa et 1 507 retournées. Kobro est une localité enclavée de l’arrondissement de Blangoua située le long du fleuve Logone. La population totale de Kobro est de 14 100 habitants. Les IDPs sont au nombre de 645 et viennent de Fotokol, Darak et Hile Alifa. Il n’existe pas de personne retournée dans le village. Dougoumachi est une localité de Blangoua et est située à moins de 5 kilomètres de Blangoua sur le long du fleuve Logone. Composée majoritairement de pêcheurs, la population de totale est de 10 800 habitants dont 6 355 enfants de moins de 18 ans (3 150 garçons et 3 205 filles). Elle compte 2 805 IDPs dont 632 se sont déplacées suite au conflit avec Boko Haram et le reste du fait des inondations. Les retournées sont au nombre de 1 050 dont 471. Sao est une localité enclavée, isolée et d’accès très difficile et presque impossible en saison pluvieuse. Sao compte 1 700 habitants dont 763 enfants de moins de 18 ans (360 garçons et 403 filles). Le nombre de IDPs est de 306 (105 hommes et 201 femmes). Alors que les opérations militaires sont en cours dans toute la région de l’Extrême Nord, les défis relatifs à l’accès humanitaire demeurent nombreux notamment la recrudescence d’attaques terroristes, incursions et assauts armés sans oublier l’enclavement des routes qui sera aggravé par des effets climatiques saisonniers perturbant, limitant ou interdisant certaines actions. Notons que les communautés hôtes dont les revenus sont issus principalement des activités agro-pastorales ont considérablement diminué en raison de la crise. Celles-ci disposent d’une faible capacité de logement des IDPs. Le faible accès aux services sociaux de base de qualité, y compris de protection des enfants, d’hygiène et d’assainissement ainsi que la persistance de certaines normes culturelles néfastes à la survie et au développement des enfants sont autant de préoccupations qui ont ayant fait l’objet des analyses, puis de la formulation des interventions d’assistance qui seront ensuite consolidées dans un plan de réponse humanitaire budgétisé pour chacune des localités visitées. Etat des lieux et recommandations de l’évaluation En matière d’accès aux soins de santé et nutrition, l’analyse fait état de lieux des problèmes liés aux infrastructures, aux équipements et aux ressources humaines malgré la présence des ONG ALIMA et ACF qui apportent leur assistance aux structures sanitaires. Ces problèmes ont un impact significatif sur l’offre des services aux populations. Il a donc été recommandé les actions suivantes : Renforcer Page | 6 les capacités des ressources humaines dans les structures de santé de cette zone – Doter les centres médicaux d’arrondissent en ambulance pour l’évacuation des malades – Faire le plaidoyer pour le renforcement de chaine de froid en privilégiant les réfrigérateurs à énergie solaire – Faire un plaidoyer pour la réhabilitation de la toiture du CMA de Fotokol. Pour ce qui est de l’éducation de base, ce secteur a été particulièrement affecté par la crise qui sévit dans la région créant des traumatismes chez les enfants, des effectifs pléthoriques dans les salles de classes du fait de la présence des IDPs, etc. L’exemple d’Afade où 6 sur les 12 salles de classes des écoles publiques primaires (groupe 1 et 2) sont entièrement occupées par les militaires. C’est ainsi qu’en 2017, en réponse à la gestion des traumatismes vécus par ces enfants dans les zones affectées, l’UNICEF a appuyé la délégation départementale de l’éducation de base dans la formation des enseignants en Appui Psychosocial et sur la réduction des risques de catastrophe et Education aux Risques des Mines. Ceux-ci pourront aisément encadrer les enfants dans les écoles. L’évaluation rapide a permis de constater que plusieurs défis restent à relever au niveau des
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