Floribunda 4(6) 2013 138

THE RARE PTERIDOPHYTES OF MT. SLAMET WITH THREE SPECIES NEW RECORDS FOR JAVA

Titien Ngatinem Praptosuwiryo Center for Plant Conservation-Bogor Botanical Gardens, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Ir. H.Juanda No. 13, P.O. Box 309 Bogor 16003, Indonesia. Tel. +62-251-8322187. Fax. +62-251- 8322187. E-mail: [email protected]

Titien Ngatinem Praptosuwiryo. 2013. Pteridofita Langka dari Gn. Slamet dengan Tiga Jenis Rekaman Baru untuk Jawa. Floribunda 4(6): 138–146. –– Diperkirakan bahwa Jawa memiliki kurang lebih 500 jenis tum- buhan paku. Namun demikian status konservasi kelompok tumbuhan ini di Jawa belum tersedia. Oleh karena itu usaha-usaha untuk menginventarisasi keanekaragaman tumbuhan paku Jawa dan menaksir statusnya san- gat diperlukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) menghasilkan daftar awal tumbuhan paku yang ber- status jarang yang terdapat di Gunung Slamet dan (2) menentukan jangkauan penyebaran dan habitat untuk tiap-tiap jenis. Jenis dikatagorikan sebagai jenis jarang jika jenis tersbebeut terhidung kurang dari 10 situs atau populasinya kurang dari 20 individu. Jenis dikatagorikan sebagai jenis jarang bila ditemukan kurang dari 10 tempat dan atau populasinya kurang dari 20 individu. Pencarian acak dengan transek sabuk (20 m x 500 m dengan sub seri 20 m x 100 m) dibangun untuk mencatat kejadian jenis dalam satu hektar atau lebih. Dua belas jenis yang tercakup dalam 10 marga dan delapan suku tercatat sebagai jenis yang berstatus jarang di Gunung Slamet yaitu: (1) Asplenium paradoxum Blume, (2) Christensenia aesculifolia (Blume) Maxon, (2) Cyathea glabra (Blume) Copel., (4) Cyathea oinops Hask., (5) Huperzia phlegmaria (L.) Rothm., (6) Pityrogramma austroamericana Domin, (7) Psilotum complanatum Sw., (8) Pteris insignis Mett. Ex Kuhn, (9) Pteris wallichiana J. Agardh., (10) Pyrrosia asterosora (Baker) Hovenkamp, (11) Tectaria zollingeri (Kurz) Holttum, dan (12) Thylacoptersi papillosa (Blume) J.Sm. Tiga jenis dilaporkan sebagai catatan baru untuk Jawa, yaitu Pteris insignis, P. wallichiana, dan Pyrrosia asterosora. Tiap jenis mempunyai jangkauan persebaran dan karakteristik habitat tersendiri. Kata kunci: G. Slamet, Jawa, jenis paku jarang, Pteridofita, tumbuhan paku.

Titien Ngatinem Praptosuwiryo. 2013. The Rare Pteridophytes of Mt. Slamet with Three Species New Records for Java. Floribunda 4(6): 138–146. –– It is estimated that Java has about 500 species of Pteridophytes. Nevertheless conservation status of the Pteridophytes in Java has not been provided yet. Therefore inventory on the Pteridophytes of Java and assessing their conservation status are need to be done. The objectives of this study are: (1) to provide the preliminary list of the rare species of Pteridophytes in Mt. Slamet, (2) determine the distribution and habitat of each species. The species was categorized as rare species if it was encountered in less then 10 sites and or the population was less then 20 plants. Random search with belt transect (20 m x 500 m with a sub set 20 m x 100 m) was set up to record the occurence of species in one or more hektar. Twelve species included in 10 genera are recorded as the rare species in Mt. Slamet namely: (1) Asplenium paradoxum Blume, (2) Christensenia aesculifolia (Blume) Maxon, (2) Cyathea glabra (Blume) Copel., (4) Cyathea oinops Hask., (5) Huperzia phlegmaria (L.) Rothm., (6) Pityrogramma austroamericana Domin, (7) Psilotum complanatum Sw., (8) Pteris insignis Mett. Ex Kuhn, (9) Pteris wallichiana J. Agardh., (10) Pyrrosia asterosora (Baker) Hovenkamp, (11) Tectaria zollingeri (Kurz) Holttum, dan (12) Thylacopteris papillosa (Blume) J.Sm. Three species are reported as new records for Java, viz. Pteris insignis, P. wallichiana, and Pyrrosia asterosora. Every species has its own distribution range and habitat characteristics Keywords: Mt. Slamet, Java, rare fern species, Pteridophytes, Ferns.

Ferns and fern allies are a significant com- After Backer & Posthumus (1939) there is no chec- ponent of flora of Java. It was estimated that Java klist of ferns and fern allies of Java. Moreover has about 500 species of ferns and fern allies (Kato information on the conservation status of this 1992). Backer and Posthumus (1939) recorded 515 group plants in Java has not been provided yet. species of pteridophytes, 475 species of ferns and Therefore any efforts to reinventory the ferns and 40 species fern allies. fern allies diversity of Java and assess their status

139 Floribunda 4(6) 2013 are urgently needed. Re-exploration and inventory cies are rare, combined with knowledge of their of pteridophytes in each hotspots area of diversity distributions, threats, and ecology (Kaye et. al. is an important step to collect data in providing 1997). The purposes of this work are: (1) to pro- check list of Java ferns and ferns allies. A new duce a preliminary list of rare ferns those occur in check list will be very important for management Mt. Slamet, Central Java, and (2) to identify the of our plant diversity including in the pteri- range distribution and habitat of each species. dophytes conservation efforts. Schoener (1987) distinguished between two An important step towards the conservation measures of rarity: occurrence rarity is when a spe- of our natural resources is to expand the know- cies occurs in few localities and abundance rarity is ledge of the rare species of our flora. Rare species when the absolute population size in these locali- are component of biodiversity, so research on rare ties is small. It is very difficult to obtain data on species will necessarily be part of the research the abundance rarity of plants at a regional or even needed to understand and manage biodiversity as a at a local level. Therefore, we use occurrence rarity whole (Adam 2002). Rare species are of interest to define the rare fern species assemblage of Mt. because of the risk of their extinction, which would Slamet. Rare species are defined as those recorded result in the loss of their potential economic or from ten or less 1-km2 square cells within the area, medical use, as well as their ecosystem function regardless of their abundance within the squares. (Kaye et. al. 1997). Darwin (1859) stated that ra- rity is the precursor of extinction. Therefore, in or- MATERIALS AND METHOD der to maintain biological diversity, conservation efforts are largely focused on rare species. As study sites, Mount Slamet is the second A description of a species’ rarity should in- highest volcano in Java (3.428 m). This mount is clude three components: habitat range, geographic situated among five districts of Central Java range, and population size (Mills & Schwartz Province, Indoneia, namely: Banyumas District, 2005, Rabinowitz 1981). Not all rare species have Purbalingga District, Brebes District, Tegal Dis- small geographic ranges or small population sizes. trict and Pemalang District. Geographically Mt. Fiedler and Ahouse (1992) classified rare species Slamet is situated at coordinate point 7º 14,40’ S into one of several groups based on geographic and 109º 12,30’ E (Figure 1). distribution and population size: (1) narrow distri- Field study was conducted in four slopes bution but large population sizes; (2) narrow distri- region, viz. northern, southern, western and eastern bution and small population sizes; and (3) wide slopes of Mount Slamet in February 2011. Thirteen geographic distribution but small population sizes. localities or sites with total 19.2 hektares were Endemic species, those that only occur in a par- chosen for observation on rarity of ferns (Table 1). ticular area, be it one mountain top, a county, or a The assessment was determined by following state, can have small or large population sizes, so Schoener (1987) and Sanchez (2006), the species are placed into the first or second group. Species in was categorized as rare species if it was encoun- the third group are the sufficively rare species tered in less then 10 sites and/or the population (Schoener 1987), those that are found over a wide was less then 20 plants. Random search with belt geographic range but are consistently rare through- transect was set up to record the occurence of out their distribution (Rabinowitz 1981). Robi- species in one or more hektar. It was set up in 20 m nowitz (1981) determined species rarity into seven x 500 m with a sub set 20 m x 100 m. Common categories, viz.: 1. Large geographic range, wide fern species found in each locality was also habitat specificity, small population size; 2. Large recorded. The very common species were only geographic range, narrow habitat specificity, large recorded without collecting specimens. The living population size; 3. Large geographic range, narrow plants of rare species are planted in Baturraden habitat specificity, small population size; 4. Small Botanical Gardens, Central Java, whereas the her- geographic range, wide habitat specificity, large barium specimens are housed at the Harbarium of population size; 5. Small geographic range, wide Bogor Botanic Gardens (BOHB), West Java. habitat specificity, small population size; 6. Small The global distribution was based on The geographic range, narrow habitat specificity, large Flora Malesiana. Whereas the distribution range of population size; 7. Small geographic range, narrow species in Java was followed Backer & Posthumus habitat specificity, small population size. (1939) and cross checked by examining the speci- A thorough evaluation of the rare plants in a mens housed at Herbarium Bogoriense (BO), Sub flora requires sound information as to which spe- Division of Botany, Biology Research Center, In-

Floribunda 4(6) 2013 140 donesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). Classifica- (Marattiaceae). Figure 2A & B tion followed Smith et al (2006). Distribution in Java. West Java (Backer & Posthumus1939) RARE FERN AND FERN ALLIES ENCOUN- Wider distribution. India (Assam) to Java, TERED not recorded from Cambodia, Laos or Vietnam. Habitat. It grows terrestrially in deep shade Twelve species included in 10 genera and 8 places in secondary forest or production forest of families were recorded as rare species in Mt. Agathis damara. Generally this species grows on Slamet. List of these species, vernacular name, dis- moist slopes near streams in dense moist forest. tribution in Java, the wider distribution, habitat, Last record in Mt. Slamet. G. Bunder, ka- and last record in Mt. Slamet are provided. wasan G. Slamet, Dusun Kali Pagu, Desa Kete- Discussion of each species is presented in the nger, Kec. Kedung Banteng, Kab. Banyumas. 700- notes. Study sites are presented in Table 1. 710 m. 12-02-2011. TNgP 3244 (BOHB). Occurrences/Plant encountered. 5 in one 1. Huperzia phlegmaria (L.) Rothm. (Lycopo- site. diaceae) Notes. Christensenia aesculifolia is a rare Common name. Coarse tasel fern. Kumpai species in Malesia region, including in Java. Since pare, kumpai rante (Javanese) Backer & Posthumus (1939) there is no record out- Distribution in Java. West to East Java (Bac- site West Java, therefore the plant record in Mt. ker & Posthumus 1939) Slamet is new record for Central Java. In West Wider distribution. This species is wide- Java the recently record of this species was in Mt. spread in tropical Africa and Asia. Salak in 2003. Praptosuwiryo in 2004 (unpublish- Habitat. Epiphytic fern, shady places in sec- ed data) recorded C. aesculifolia in Borneo, Cen- ondary and primary forest tral Kalimantan, Mts. Muller Range, Near Sungai Last record in Mt. Slamet. Petak 6, Lereng Topus, track to Gunung Pumpung Sapat, south of Selatan G. Slamet, Desa Kemutug Lor, Kec. Ba- Irung Kobilin, 200 m s.l. turraden, Kab. Banyumas. 927 m 03-02-2011. TNgP 3170 (BOHB). 4. Cyathea glabra (Blume) Copel. (Cyatheaceae). Occurrences/Plant encountered. One in one Figure 2C & D site Distribution in Java. In Mt. Slamet this spe- cies is found in the southern slope. 2. Psilotum complanatum Sw. (Psilotaceae) Wider distribution. Borneo, western Java, Common name. Flatfork fern, Flat Whisk- Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula. fern. Kadaka Kumpai, Simbar Gonjoh (Javanese) Habitat. shady place in production forest of Distribution in Java. West to East Java (Bac- Agathis damara. Holttum (1963) recorded that it ker & Posthumus 1939) grows in lowland swamp forest and montane forest Wider distribution. Malay Peninsula, South at an elevation of up to 1500 m. Australia, Fiji islands, Mexico and South America. Last record in Mt. Slamet. Petak 57f, G. In India this species is reported only in Nicobar Bunder, kawasan G. Slamet, Dusun Kali Pagu, De- Island sa Ketenger, Kec. Kedung Banteng, Kab. Banyu- Habitat. In Mt. Slamet P. complanatum lives mas. 700 m. 12-02-2011. TNgP 3242, 3249 (BO- in moist secondary forests HB) Last record in Mt. Slamet. Petak 3a, Kemu- Occurrences/Plant encountered. 7 in one site tug Lor, Mt. Slamet, Baturraden. ca. 750 m, 18-2- 2011, T.Ng. Praptosuwiryo 3272 (BOHB). 5. Cyathea oinops Hask. (Cyatheacaee) Occurrences/Plant encountered. one in one Distribution in Java. West Java and Central site Java Notes. This species is rare in some countries. Wider distribution. Sumatra, Java, Lesser In Great Nicobar Island this species is also inclu- Sunda Island to SW Celebes. ded in rare epiphytic fern ally. It is found in speci- Habitat. Near small stream in moist humus fic localities, particularly associated with tropical rich soil evergreen formations (Chauhan 2003). Last record in Mt. Slamet. G. Cendana, kawasan G. Slamet, Desa Windusari, Kec. Kedung 3. Christensenia aesculifolia (Blume) Maxon Banteng, Kab. Banyumas (RPH Karang Gandul,

141 Floribunda 4(6) 2013 ,

, ,

Dryopteris sparsa Dryopteris , Dicranopteris linearis, linearis, Dicranopteris Cy. squamulata , Cyathea contaminans Cyathea , .

Asplenium nidus, Selaginella sp., Asplenium Asplenium sp., Selaginella nidus, Asplenium sp., Cornopteris sp., excisum, Pleocnemia Cyathea contaminans Cyathea subserratum Diplazium sp., Thelypteris Sellaginela repens, Lyndsaea parasitica Cyathea crenulata, Cy. squamulata, Cy. Cy. squamulata, Cy. crenulata, Cyathea sp., Pteridium sp., Nephrolepis junghuhniana, sp., Methathelypteris incisa, Histiopteris repens Lyndsaea accedens Diplazium Asplenium nidus Asplenium of Thelypteridaceae species Some contaminans, Cyathea nidus, Asplenium Cyathea junghuhniana,Squamulata, Cy. truncatula, Gleichenia Chingia clavipillosa,orientale, Blechnum melanocaula, sp.,Tectaria Pronephrium Depariapetersenii, Deparia sp., Nephrolepis Diplazium melanocaula, sp., Tectaria accedens, Pityrogramma calomelanos, Cyathea Cyathea calomelanos, Pityrogramma Histiopteris squamulata, C. contaminans, incisa, Diplazium polypodioides

- - Psilotum complanatum phlegmaria Huperzia Asplenium paradoxum Pityrogramma austroamericana Rare Ferns Found Ferns Found Common 760 760 1000 850 865 – – – – – 750

1150 1000 ca.1000– 1100 730 700 Altitude (m) 900

1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.2 Observed Areas ( Ha)

Table 1. Study Sites of Mount Slamet inTable 1. Study Sites of Mount Slamet Assessing the Rare Ferns Species 07º15’53.8” S 07º15’53.8” 07º17’33.5”S, 07º17’33.5”S, – 07º17’41.7” S 07º17’41.7” S 07º19’58.3” S 07º18’38.9” – – – – Lereng Selatan, G. Slamet, Desa Ketenger, Kec. Desa Ketenger, Selatan, G. Slamet, Lereng Banyumas. Kab. Baturraden, E S 109º13’33.2” 07º18’18.2” Kemutug Lor, Kec. Baturraden, Kab. Banyumas Banyumas Kab. Baturraden, Kec. Lor, Kemutug 07º 17’ 39.6” S 109º13’40.5” E Lebak Siu, Petak 49) Lereng Barat G. Slamet, Desa Karang Karang Desa Slamet, G. Barat Lereng 49) Petak Siu, Lebak Banyumas. Kab. Kec. Cilongok, Tengah, E S 109º12’03.1” 07º20’04.6” Banyumas Banyumas

Karang Jengkol, Kec. KutaKab. Sari, Purbalingga (KPH Barat, RPH Baturraden). Slamet G. 07º16’14.2” S 109º12’36.17” E Kemutug Lor, Kec. Baturraden, Kab. Banyumas Banyumas Kab. Baturraden, Kec. Lor, Kemutug E S 109º13’46.3” 07º17’58.5” 109º12’31.5” E 109º12’31.5” 109º13’37.6” E 109º13’37.6” 109º12’25.6” E 109º12’25.6” E 109º13’22.1” E 109º13’39.9” 5. Tujuh, Pancuran 56-55, Petak Produksi Hutan Pinggiran 3. Desa Slamet, G. Selatan Lerang 5, Petak Produksi Hutan 4. Hutan Lindung TelagaPucung(=Hutan LindungKRPH No 1. Kab. Kec. Baturraden, Slamet, Mt. Lor, Kemutug 3a, Petak Site Name and Position 6. Desa Slamet, G. Timur Lereng Muntang, Kali Track Hutan 2. Desa Slamet, G. Selatan 6, Lereng Petak Produksi Hutan

Floribunda 4(6) 2013 142

, Selaginella spp, some some spp, , Selaginella chenia truncatula chenia Tectaria melanocaula species of Thelypteridaceae Cyathea squamulata, Cy. Contaminans, Lynd- Contaminans, Cy. squamulata, Cyathea saea repens, Taenitis blechnoides Cyathea squamulata, Cy. Crenulata, Crenulata, Cy. squamulata, Cyathea sp., Sphaerostephanos sp., Pronephrium (gigant), sp Pleocnemia falcata, Nephrolepis D. xiphophyllum, D. bantamense, Diplazium Dilatatum, D. polypodioides, Selaginella sp., Glei Blechnum sp., Adi- contaminans, Cy. squamulata, Cyathea sp. sp., Lyndsaeae antum Asplenium nidus, Asplenium caudatum, caudatum, Asplenium nidus, Asplenium Antrophium sp., Vittaria elongate, Dryopteris truncatula, Didymochlaena hirtipes, Asplenium var.tenerum belangeri, sp., Selaginella fraxinea, Coniogramme Asplenium laserpitifolium,sp., Microsorum Cyathea crenulata, Bolbitis subcordata, Polypodioides, D. procumbens, Diplazium Asplenium nidus, Cyathea contaminans, Cy. Cy. contaminans, Cyathea nidus, Asplenium squamulata, junghuhniana, Cy. Pronephrium sp., Selaginella falcata, Nephrolepis sp., simplicivenium. D. bantamense, Diplazium Pityrogramma calomelanos, Pteris biaurita, Nephrolepis sp., Lindsaea sp., Deparia hirsutula, Pteridium esculentum,

- Christensenia Christensenia aesculifolia glabra Cyathea Tectaria zollingeri Pteris insignis Pteris wallichiana oinops Cyathea Pityrogramma austroamericana – 750 750 630 1000 1000 – – – – – 900 900 Ca.750 1450 780 700 1390 615 2 2 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1300 1300 1.5 1.5 1.5 07º19’33.6”S – 07º11’42.4”S 109º12’01.9” 109º12’01.9” 07º11’42.4”S Table 1. Study Sites of Mount Slamet in AssessingTable 1. Study Sites of Mount Slamet the Rare Ferns Species (continued) – Banyumas. Banyumas. Slamet, Dusun Kali Pagu, Desa Ketenger, Kec. Kedung Kedung Kec. Ketenger, Desa Kali Pagu, Dusun Slamet, Banyumas. Kab. Banteng, Kemutug Lor, Kec. Baturraden, Kab. Banyumas Banyumas Kab. Kec. Baturraden, Lor, Kemutug 07º 18’ 13.2” S 109º 14’ 10.2” E Kab. Banyumas Kec. Lor, Baturraden, E 10.6” S 14’ 109º 44.3” 17’ 07º Desa Windusari, Kec. Kedung Banteng, Kab. Banyumas Banyumas Kab. Banteng, Kedung Kec. Windusari, Desa Barat, KPH Slamet G. BKPH Gandul, Karang (RPH Timur) Banyumas Lereng Utara G. Slamet, Desa Karang Mangu, Kec. Mangu, Karang Desa Slamet, G. Utara Lereng BKPH Moga, Sari, Karang (RPH Pemalang Kab. Pulosari, KPH Pekalongan Barat). 109º12’05.0”E 07º11’20.6”S E 109º12’13.6” E. 109º12’13.6” Lereng Utara G. Slamet, Desa Karang Mangu, Kec. Mangu, Karang Desa Slamet, G. Utara Lereng BKPH Moga, Sari, Karang (RPH Pemalang Kab. Pulosari, KPH Pekalongan Barat). 07 11’35.6” S 109 12’04.9” E–07 11’42.5” S 109 12’01.0”E S 07º 19’12’109º 13.7”47.2” E 07º19’21.1” S 109º 12’ 36.9” E 12. 12. Desa Slamet, G. Selatan Lereng 6c-6d, Petak Petak 13. Desa Kemutug PetakSelatan G. Slamet, 7,Lereng Petak 9 G. Slamet, kawasan G. Cendana, Produksi-Lindung Hutan 7. Hutan LindungHutan41, Petak Lindung Jurang Mangu, 11. Kab. Baturraden, Kec. Ketenger, Desa Track Kali Pagu, 10 Hutan Produksi57d Petakdan57f, G. Bunder,kawasan G. 8. Hutan LindungHutan44, Petak Lindung Jurang Mangu,

143 Floribunda 4(6) 2013

BKPH G. Slamet Barat, KPH Banyumas Timur). variety in Samoa. 14-02-2011. TNgP 3259 (BOHB). Habitat. Terrestrial in moist humus soil in Occurrences/Plant encountered. 1 in one light shade or half-shaded places. site. Last record in Mt. Slamet. Petak 44, Hutan Lindung Karang Mangu, Lereng Utara G. Slamet, 6. Pityrogramma austroamericana Domin (Pteri- Desa Karang Mangu, Kec. Pulosari, Kab. Pema- daceae). Figure 2E & F lang (RPH Karang Sari, BKPH Moga, KPH Peka- Common name. Gold fern/ leatherleaf gold- longan Barat). 1450-1460 m. 09-02-2011. TNgP back fern 3217 (BOHB); 10-02-2011. TNgP 3236 (BOHB). Distribution in Java. From West to East Occurrences/Plant encountered. 5 in three Java. sites Wider distribution. Native to tropical Ame- Notes. Backer & Posthumus (1939) did not rika record Pteris wallichiana in the Varenflora voor Habitat. In Mt. Slamet this species is found Java. Therefore the occurence of this species in Mt. in open areas of forest margin. Slamet is new record for Java. Recently observa- Last record in Mt. Slamet. Petak 29, Alur tion in Mt. Salak, West Java showed that this BD, Track Kali Muntang, Lereng Timur G. Sla- species is rare (Praptosuwiryo unpublished data). met, Desa Karang Jengkol, Kec. Kuta Sari, Kab. Purbalingga. 1020 m. 07-02-2011. (BOHB). 9. Asplenium paradoxum Blume (Aspleniaceae). Occurrences/Plant encountered. 3 in two Figure 3C & D sites Distribution in Java. West and Central Java Notes. In Mt. Slamet this species is found Wider distribution. West Malesia only ini two sites, Northern and Eastern Slopes. Habitat. Epilithic, growing on moist mossy Backer & Posthumus (1939) recorded this species rocks at 830–840 m. Pityrogramma tartarea Maxon var. Ochracea Last record. Kab. Banyumas, Kec. Cilongok, Christ. Desa Karang Tengah, Lereng Barat G. Slamet, Hutan Lindung KRPH Lebak Siu, Hutan Lindung 7. Pteris insignis Mett. Ex Kuhn (Pteridaceae). Telaga Pucung, Petak 49. 830-840 m. 05-02-2011. Figure 4C & D TNgP 3192 (BOHB). Distribution Java. West and Central Java Occurrences/Plant encountered. 1 in one site (Praptosuwiryo unpublished data) Notes. In Mt. Halimun, Jawa Barat, this Wider distribution. South China, Malaysia species also grows epilthic on and epilythic on mo- (Holttum 1966)) ssy basal trees near at 900–1000 m dpl. Habitat. This species grows in rather open- ed area on humus rich moist soil. 10. Tectaria zollingeri (Kurz) Holttum (Tectaria- Last record in Mt. Slamet. Petak 6d, Lereng ceae). Figure 3E & F Selatan G. Slamet, Desa Kemutug Lor, Kec.Batur- Distribution in Java. West and Central Java. raden, Kab. Banyumas. 875 m. 16-02-2011. TNgP Wider distribution. Java, South West Ce- 3264 (BOHB) lebes, Moluccas (Tanimbar Is., Ambon) (Holttum Occurrences/Plant encountered. 5 in three 1991) sites Habitat. Terrestrial fern growing in rather Notes. Pteris insignis is new record for open area. Occasionally this species grows among Pteridophytes in Java. Praptosuwiryo recorded P. rocks. insignis from Mt. Salak, West Java, in 2010 Last record in Mt. Slamet. Dusun Kali Pagu, (Praptosuwiryo unpublished). Desa Ketenger, Kec. Baturraden, Kab. Banyumas. 615 m. 14-02-2011. TNgP 3260 (BOHB). 8. Pteris wallichiana J. Agardh. (Pteridaceae). Occurrences/Plant encountered. 7 in one Figure 3A & B site. Common name. Hualien Giant', Wallich's Notes. Backer & Posthumus (1939) recog- Giant Table Fern. nized this species as Hemigramma latifolia Copel. Distribution in Java. West and East Java (Backer & Posthumus 1939) 11. Pyrrosia asterosora (Baker) Hovenkamp (Po- Wider distribution. N India, S China, Laos, lypodiaceae). Figure 4E & F S Japan to Taiwan, south to Java, Sulawesi, and a Distribution in Java. Central Java

Floribunda 4(6) 2013 144

Figure 2. A–B. Christensenia aesculifolia; C – D. Cyathea glabra; E - F. Pityrogramma austroamericana Figure 1. Map showing location of the Mount Slamet in Central Java, Indonesia

Figure 3. A-B. Pteris wallichiana; C-D. Figure 4. A-B. Thylacopteris papillosa.; C-D. Asplenium paradoxum; E-F. Tectaria zollingeri. Pteris insignis; E-F. Pyrrosia asterosora

145 Floribunda 4(6) 2013

Wider distribution. Sumatera (Hovenkamp ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 1998) and Java (present study). Habitat. In Mt. Slamet this species is found I am deeply grateful to Prof. Dr. Dedy as epiphytic in primary forest at 1400–1470 m. Darnaedi for reading and reviewing the manu- Last record in Mt. Slamet. Petak 44, Hutan script. I thank Dra. Inggit Puji Astuti, M.Si., Mr. Lindung Karang Mangu, Lereng Utara G. Slamet, Maman Suratman and Mrs Ratna Suti Astuti Desa Karang Mangu, Kec. Pulosari, Kab. Pema- (Bogor Botanical Gardens), Eka Fatmawati Tihu- lang (RPH Karang Sari, BKPH Moga, KPH Peka- rua, S.Si. (Biology Research Center), Sugeng longan Barat). 1455 m. 10-02-2011. TNgP 3221. Budiharto. S.Hut, M.Si. (Purwodadi Botanical (BOHB). Gardens) for their help in the field survey. This Occurrences/Plant encountered. 3 in one work was supported by Proyek Nasional 09 TA sites 2011, Pusat Konservasi Tumbuhan-Kebun Raya Notes. Hovenkamp (1998) reported that Py- Bogor, LIPI. rrosia asterosora is distributed only in Sumatera. Therefore the record of this species from Mt. Sla- REFERENCES met is new record of Polypodiaceae for Java. Adam P. 2002. Rarity, rare plant species and the 12. Thylacopteris papillosa (Blume) J.Sm. (Poly- New South Wales threatened species con- podiaceae). Figure 4A & B servation act–conservation opportunities and Distribution in Java. West to East Java (Ba- challenges. Cunninghamia 7(4): 651–669. cker & Posthumus 1939) Backer CA & Posthumus O. 1939. Varenflora voor Wider distribution. Throughout Malesia, ex- Java. Uitgave van’s Lands Plantetuin, Bui- cept for New Guinea tenzorg. Habitat. It grows epiphytic on mossy trees at Darwin C. 1859. The origin of species by means of shady place. In Mt. Slamet this species is found at natural selection. John Murray, London. 800–830 m. Fiedler PL & Ahouse JJ. 1992. Hierarchies of ca- Last record in Mt. Slamet. Hutan Lindung use toward an understanding of rarity in vas- Telaga Pucung, Petak 49, Hutan Lindung KRPH cular plant species. In: Fiedler PL & Jain SD Lebak Siu, Lereng Barat G. Slamet, Desa Karang (eds). Conservation Biology: The Theory and

Tengah, Kec. Cilongok, Kab. Banyumas. 830 m. Practice of Nature Conservation, Preser-

05-02-2011. TNgP 3190 (BOHB). vation, and Management. Routledge, Chap- Occurrences/Plant encountered. Two in two sites man & Hall, Inc., New York, pp. 23–48. Notes. Backer & Posthumus (1939) descri- Kato M. 1992. Cytotaxonomic and reproductive- bed this species under the name Polypodium biological atlas of Asian Pteridophytes. papillosum Blume. Proc Sem Asian Pterid II: 5–8. Kaye TN, Meinke RJ, Kagan J, Vrilakas S, CONSCLUSIONS Chambers KL, Zika PF & Nelson JK. 1997. Patterns of rarity in the Oregon flora: Twelve species of pteridophytes included in implications for conservation and manage- 10 genera of 7 families in Mt. Slamet are recorded ment. In: Kaye TN, Liston A, Love RM, as rare species in Java, namely: (1) Asplenium Luoma D, Meinke RJ & Wilson (eds). Con- paradoxum Blume, (2) Christensenia aesculifolia servation and management of native plants (Blume) Maxon, (3) Cyathea glabra (Blume) Co- and fungi. Native Plant Society of Oregon, pel., (4) Cyathea oinops Hask., (5) Huperzia Corvallis, Oregon. Pp. 1–10. phlegmaria (L.) Rothm., (6) Pityrogramma austro- Kramer KU & Green PS. 1990. Pteridophytes and americana Domin, (7) Psilotum complanatum Sw., Gymnosperms. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. (8) Pteris insignis Mett. ex Kuhn, (9) Pteris Mills MH & Schwatz MW. 2005. Rare plants at wallichiana J. Agardh., (10) Pyrrosia asterosora the extremes of distribution: broadly and (Baker) Hovenkamp, (11) Tectaria zollingeri narrowly distributed rare species. Biodiver- (Kurz) Holttum, and (12) Thylacopteris papillosa sity and Conservation 14: 1401–1420. (Blume) J.Sm. Every species has its own distribu- Rabinowitz D. 1981. Seven forms of rarity. In: tion range and habitat characteristics. Synge H. (ed). The Biological Aspects of Rare Plant Conservation. Wiley, New York, pp. 205–217.

Floribunda 4(6) 2013 146

Sánchez C, Caluff GM, Gabancho LR & Morejó of rarity. Oecologia 74: 161–173. R. 2006. A preliminary evaluation of the Smith AR, Pryer KM, Achuettpelz E, Korall P, current conservation status of Cuban ende- Schneider H & Wolf PG. 2006. A classifi- mic true ferns. Willdenowia 36: 491–505. cation for extant ferns. Taxon 55 (3): 705– Schoener TW. 1987. The geographical distribution 731.