DOCSLIB.ORG

The Protohistoric Period in the Pimería Alta

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Protohistoric Period in the Pimería Alta The Protohistoric Period in the Pimería Alta Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Jelinek, Lauren Elizabeth Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 24/09/2021 10:39:51 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/222842 1 THE PROTOHISTORIC PERIOD IN THE PIMERÍA ALTA By Lauren E. Jelinek Copyright © Lauren E. Jelinek 2012 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the SCHOOL OF ANTHROPOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2012 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Lauren E. Jelinek entitled The Protohistoric Period in the Pimería Alta and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________________________________________________________________ Date: March 1, 2012 Barnet Pavao-Zuckerman _______________________________________________________________________ Date: March 1, 2012 J. Jefferson Reid _______________________________________________________________________ Date: March 1, 2012 Thomas E. Sheridan _______________________________________________________________________ Date: March 1, 2012 Teresita Majewski Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s sub- mission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recom- mend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. ________________________________________________ Date: March 1, 2012 Dissertation Director: Barnet Pavao-Zuckerman 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. SIGNED: Lauren E. Jelinek 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It has been a great honor and pleasure to collaborate with all those who helped me success- fully complete this dissertation. This research could not have been completed without the advice, encouragement, and tenacity of my committee, which included Dr. Barnet Pavao- Zuckerman, Dr. J. Jefferson Reid, Dr. Thomas Sheridan, and Dr. Teresita Majewski. Thank you for providing me with feedback and recommendations throughout the dissertation pro- cess. I also owe a great debt of gratitude to James Vint at Archaeology Southwest, for openly sharing his own thoughts and research on Sobaipuri archaeology and spending countless hours with me discussing my research methods and goals. I am grateful to the researchers at Arizona State Museum (ASM) who dedicated their time to help me identify and analyze materials held within the repository. Thank you espe- cially to Dr. Arthur Vokes, George M. (Mike) Jacobs, Alan Ferg, and John Madsen. I would also like to thank Rick Karl for conducting the AZSITE database search on my behalf and giving me access to archaeological site files. Likewise I am grateful to Dr. Dale Brenneman in the Office of Ethnohistorical Research at ASM, who provided me with transcriptions of several historical documents and access to research materials. I also owe sincere thanks to the Amerind Foundation and Dr. Eric Kaldhal for granting me access to their artifact col- lections and archives. I am extremely grateful to Statistical Research, Inc., for donating time, data, and exper- tise to the completion of my dissertation. I specifically want to thank Dr. William Graves, John Hall, Jacqueline Dominquez, Andrew Saiz, Peg Robbins, and Linda Wooden for their assistance. I am thankful to Dr. David Doyel and Dr. Adrianne Rankin at the Luke Air Force Base Range Management Office (LAFB-RMO) for their permission to use data acquired from projects on the Barry Goldwater Firing Range (BMGR). Additional thanks are due to Dr. Anna Neuzil of EcoPlan, Inc., for granting me advance access to analysis and report details on protohistoric remains in Tucson. I am also grateful to Martyn Tagg at Fort Hua- chuca and Jeremy Moss at Tumacácori National Historical Park for their early assistance in compiling data on protohistoric sites. Special thanks are due to Dr. William Doelle and James Heidke of Desert Archaeology, Inc., who donated their time to train me in ceramic analysis and temper identification. Addi- tional thanks go to Dr. Barbara Mills of the School of Anthropology at the University of Ari- zona and Dr. Stephanie Whittlesey for their helpful advice and feedback on ceramic analysis. This dissertation would not have been completed without the support and assistance of my good friends and colleagues, including Dr. Kelly Jenks, Elisabeth Cutright-Smith, Ka- trina Erickson, Rachel Diaz de Valdes, Melanie Medieros, Dana Drake Rosenstein, Robert Jones, Matthew Pailes, and W. Randy Haas. Last, but certainly not least, I would like to give a multitude of thanks to my parents Lawrence and Sandra Jelinek, for their unflinch- ing faith, support, and love. I would never have made it this far without them. 5 DEDICATION For my parents, who have shown me through words and deeds, that life-long learning requires an open mind, a humble spirit, and a sense of humor. 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF illustrations ........................... 10 listof tables .............................................11 ABSTRACT ......................................................12 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .....................13 Protohistory ..................................................................13 The Pimería Alta during the Protohistoric Period ....14 An Ethnohistoric Approach ........................................16 Revisiting “Old” Data ..................................................18 A Model of Protohistoric Social Reorganization ......19 Implications for Cultural Affiliation ..........................20 Dissertation Format .....................................................22 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND .......................23 The Prehistoric and Historical Archaeology Divide .......................................................................25 Previous Protohistoric Research in the Americas .....27 Early Protohistoric Research in the Southwest, 1878–1900 ......................................................................28 Protohistoric Inquiry in Southern Arizona and Northern Mexico, 1950–Present ...................................37 Continuity/Persistence ..............................................................46 Migration/Replacement ............................................................46 Data Gaps ....................................................................47 7 Table of Contents - Continued Conclusions ...................................................................56 CHAPTER 3: THEORY ...................................57 Culture History ............................................................59 Direct Historical Approach ..............................................64 Culture Contact Studies ..............................................66 Examining Ethnogenesis and Ethnic Identity in the Archaeological Record .................................72 Cultural Affiliation Research ............................................78 Theoretical Approach to Examining Ethnic Identity during the Protohistoric Period in the Pimería Alta ...................................................81 CHAPTER 4: CONTEXT ................................84 Environmental Context ...............................................84 Archaeological Context ...............................................93 Patayan................................................................................94 Trincheras ...........................................................................97 Hohokam ...........................................................................100 Linguistic Context ......................................................104 Tepiman ............................................................................105 Yuman ...............................................................................110 Apachean ..........................................................................112 Historical Context ......................................................114 Initial Exploration ............................................................114 Colonization .....................................................................118 8 Table of Contents - Continued Reorganization .................................................................125 Research Themes .......................................................128 Data Requirements ....................................................129 CHAPTER 5: METHODS .............................. 131 Ethnohistory ...............................................................132
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Southwestern Monuments
    SOUTHWESTERN MONUMENTS MONTHLY REPORT MAY 1939 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE GPO W055 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR *$*&*">&•• NATIONAL PARK SERVICE / •. •: . • • r. '• WASHINGTON ADDRESS ONLY THE DIRECTOR. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE April 2k. 1939. Memorandum for the Superintendent, Southwestern National Monuments: I am writing this as an open letter to you because all of us recognize the fine friendly spirit engendered by your Southwestern National Monuments n.onthly reports. I believe that all park and monument reports can be made as interesting and informative as yours. Your monthly report for L.erch i6 on my desk and I have glanced through its pages, checking your opening statements, stopping here and there to j.ick up en interesting sidelight, giving a few moments to the supplement, and then looking to your "Ruminations". The month isn't complete unless I read themJ As you know, the submission of the monthly reports from the field has been handled as another required routine statement by some of the field men. It seems to me you have strained every effort to rrake the reports from the Southwestern National Monuments an outstanding re­ flection of current events, history, and special topics; adding a good share of the personal problems and living conditions of that fine group of men and women that constitute your field organization. You have ac­ complished a great deal by making the report so interesting that the Custodians look forward to the opportunity of adding their notes. In issuing these new instructions, I am again requesting that the Superintendents and Custodians themselves take the time to put in writing the story of events, conditions, and administration in the parks and monuments they represent.
    [Show full text]
  • San Xavier Cooperative Farm Rehabilitation
    San Xavier Cooperative Farm Rehabilitation Final Environmental Assessment U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Lower Colorado Region Phoenix Area Office Phoenix, Arizona July 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 PURPOSE AND NEED .........................................................................................1 1.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................1 1.2 Background..............................................................................................................1 1.3 Purpose and Need for Action...................................................................................3 1.4 Project Area.............................................................................................................4 1.5 Public Involvement ..................................................................................................5 1.6 Decision to be Made ................................................................................................6 CHAPTER 2 DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVES...............................................................9 2.1 Proposed Action.......................................................................................................9 2.1.1 Water Distribution System.......................................................................................9 2.1.2 Field Irrigation Systems.........................................................................................12 2.1.3 Flood Protection.....................................................................................................12
    [Show full text]
  • Amerind Quarterly
    Amerind Quarterly THE NEWSLETTER OF THE AMERIND FOUNDATION FALL 2008 (vol. 5, no. 4) / WINTER 2009 (vol. 6, no. 1) A Gift to the Amerind In 1910, ten year-old “Pug” English and his brother were by most Apachean peoples, but little is known for sure herding goats in Guadalupe Canyon in the Peloncillo about early Chiricahua and Mescalero basketry. Their Mountains on the Arizona-New Mexico border, when traditional material culture was deeply impacted by they spotted three people staring down at them from a warfare, displacement, and population loss during the cleft in the rock halfway up the canyon wall. When they early American period. We know that the Chiricahuas hailed the people and received no response, Pug climbed made twined burden baskets and anthropologist Morris up to the rock ledge and found, instead of people, three Opler described coiled bowl-shaped baskets stitched large baskets stacked near the opening of a with yucca fibers, but there are no known surviving shallow rock shelter. Two of the baskets coiled willow baskets of the Chiricahua. were badly deteriorated from rain and Commenting on Chiricahua baskets in his mold but the third was in near perfect book on Southwestern Indian basketry, condition, and this basket was Andrew Hunter Whiteford concluded: retrieved and went home with the “The Chiricahuas may have made two boys. It would remain in other kinds of baskets at one time, Pug’s possession for the next 72 similar to Mescalero baskets or years. those of their western neighbors, In 1982, Pug English, the San Carlos Apaches.
    [Show full text]
  • The Synopsis Was Written to Make Researchers Aware of the Amerind
    Amerind Amerind Foundation Collection Synopsis This synopsis was written to make researchers aware of the Amerind Foundation’s holdings. Our cataloged collection consists of over 21,000 objects and tens of thousands of bulk sherd samples. This synopsis is not an exhaustive list. For more information, please contact Chief Curator Dr. Eric Kaldahl at Amerind Foundation, PO Box 400, Dragoon, AZ 85609, (520) 586- 3666, or [email protected]. Archaeological Collections Excavated Collections The Amerind conducted several excavations at prehistoric sites in southeastern Arizona. These excavations were detailed in early Amerind publications. The sites include the Gleeson Site, the Tres Alamos site, Winchester Cave, and Babocomari Village. There were also excavations conducted on Amerind Foundation property in Texas Canyon. Ceramics recovered from these sites suggest a range of periods contemporaneous with the Hohokam Sedentary through Classic periods. Archaeological Notes on Texas Canyon, by William Shirley Fulton. Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, Vols. 1-3. 1934-1938. New York. An Archaeological Site near Gleeson, Arizona, by William Shirley Fulton and Carr Tuthill. Amerind Foundation Publication No. 1. 1940. A Ceremonial Cave in the Winchester Mountains, by William Shirley Fulton. Amerind Foundation Publication No. 2. 1941. The Tres Alamos Site on the San Pedro River, Southeastern Arizona, by Carr Tuthill. Amerind Foundation Publication No. 4. 1947. The Babocomari Village Site on the Babocomari River, Southeastern Arizona, by Charles C. Di Peso. Amerind Foundation Publication No. 5. 1951. The Amerind Foundation excavated at southern Arizona ancestral pueblo migrant sites known as Davis Ranch Ruin and Reeve Ruin. Ceramics recovered from these sites suggest that they are contemporaneous with the later Hohokam Classic period.
    [Show full text]
  • THE SMOKING COMPLEX in the PREHISTORIC SOUTHWEST By
    The smoking complex in the prehistoric Southwest Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Simmons, Ellin A. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 30/09/2021 00:29:48 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/552017 THE SMOKING COMPLEX IN THE PREHISTORIC SOUTHWEST by Ellin A* Simmons A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1 9 6 8 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library• Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: /// A- APPROVAL BY THESIS DIRECTOR This thesis has been approved on the date shown below: ^ 7 ' T.
    [Show full text]
  • The Shell and Coral Assemblage, San Pedro Preservation Project
    THE SHELL AND CORAL ASSEMBLAGE, SAN PEDRO PRESERVATION PROJECT Arthur W. Vokes Arizona State Museum Cite as: Vokes, Arthur W. 2012 The Shell and Coral Assemblage, San Pedro Preservation Project. <http:// www.archaeologysouthwest.org/ap45>. The Shell and Coral Assemblage, San Pedro Preservation Project 3 Collections recovered by the Center for Desert Ar- sites. Anodonta californiensis is a moderately large, al- chaeology (now Archaeology Southwest) at sites in though very gracile, bivalve that was endemic to the Lower San Pedro River Valley included a number most of the permanent watercourses in Arizona prior of shell artifacts. The sample, from 26 sites, numbered to the development and impoundment of the rivers 227 pieces, which are estimated to represent 193 speci- that occurred early in the 1900s (Bequaert and Miller mens (Table 1). This material includes not only a sub- 1973:220-223). The San Pedro River, flowing from the stantial number of finished artifacts, but also several south through the valley, would have provided a examples of pieces that were in the process of being convenient source of freshwater shellfish for the lo- worked into artifacts and fragments of broken objects cal inhabitants. that were reworked into new forms. Additionally, sev- The presence of terrestrial gastropods in the eral unmodified shells and a fragment of coral were sample is likely fortuitous. Sonorella is a widely dis- present, which is somewhat unusual because the site tributed gastropod that inhabits much of the moun- at which they were found, 111 Ranch, AZ BB:6:73 tainous regions of the southwest, and is often found (ASM), lies a considerable distance from the coast.
    [Show full text]
  • Mills Collection Native American Artifacts Self-Guided Tour
    E ASTE RN A RIZONA C OLLEGE Mills Collection Native American Artifacts Self-guided Tour This world-class collection is on display as a self-guided tour in the College’s Student Services Building, from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday. Admission is free. This booklet provides a background and insight of the collection with a map showing the display locations of EAC’s Mills Collection in the College’s Student Services Building. MillsHistory Collection of the rdent avocational archaeologists Jack Aand Vera Mills conducted extensive excavations on archaeological sites in Southeastern Arizona and Western New Mexico from the 1940s through the 1970s. They restored numerous pottery vessels and amassed more than 600 whole and restored pots, as well as over 5,000 other artifacts. Most of their work was carried out on private land in southeastern Arizona and western New Mexico. Towards the end of their archaeological careers, Jack and Vera Mills wished to have their collection kept intact and exhibited in a local facility. After extensive negotiations, the Eastern Arizona College Foundation acquired the collection, agreeing to place it on public display. Showcasing the Mills Collection was a weighty consideration when the new Student Services building at Eastern Arizona College was being planned. In fact, the building, and particularly the atrium area of the lobby, was designed with the Collection in mind. The public is invited to view the display. Admission is free and is open for self-guided tours during regular business hours, Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Charles C. Di Peso, 1920-1982
    MEMORIALS Charles C. Di Peso, 19204982 Charles C. Di Peso died of cancer on 20 November 1982, at the Tucson Medical Center. Di Peso served for 30 years as Director of the Amerind Foundation, a non-profit research center in Dragoon, Arizona, devoted to the study of Native American culture history. His work on the prehistoric and early historic peoples of southern Arizona and northern Mexico is well known and respected. Di Peso belonged to many professional organizations, including the Society for Historical Archaeology, of which he was a founding member. His participation in the Society and in the profession will be greatly missed. Di Peso was born on 20 October 1920, in St. Louis, Missouri to Charles Corradino and Emma Klein Di Peso and grew up in Chicago Heights, Illinois. While still in high school, Di Peso was invited by Paul S. Martin of the Chicago Field Museum of Natural History to participate in an archaeological project in Colorado. The experience confirmed an interest in archaeology, which he pursued at Beloit College, working as a student assistant under Paul S. Nesbitt, director of Beloit’s Logan Museum. In 1941 Di Peso again joined Paul Martin on a Field Museum expedi- tion, this time the Pine Lawn, New Mexico, project. Di Peso graduated from Beloit in 1942 with a B.A. in Anthropology and a B.S. in Geology, and in June he married Frances Teague. From 1942 to 1946 Di Peso served in the United States Air Force as a First Lieutenant, Pilot, and Instructor in Advanced Training Course and Instru- ment Flying.
    [Show full text]
  • Dolan 2016.Pdf
    UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE BLACK ROCKS IN THE BORDERLANDS: OBSIDIAN PROCUREMENT IN SOUTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO AND NORTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO, A.D. 1000 TO 1450 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By SEAN G. DOLAN Norman, Oklahoma 2016 BLACK ROCKS IN THE BORDERLANDS: OBSIDIAN PROCUREMENT IN SOUTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO AND NORTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO, A.D. 1000 TO 1450 A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY BY ______________________________ Dr. Bonnie L. Pitblado, Chair ______________________________ Dr. Patricia A. Gilman ______________________________ Dr. Paul E. Minnis ______________________________ Dr. Samuel Duwe ______________________________ Dr. Sean O’Neill ______________________________ Dr. Neil H. Suneson © Copyright by SEAN G. DOLAN 2016 All Rights Reserved. For my parents, Tom and Cathy Dolan Acknowledgments Many people have helped me get to this point. I first thank my professors at Pennsylvania State University where I received my undergraduate education. Dean Snow, Claire McHale-Milner, George Milner, and Heath Anderson introduced me to archaeology, and Alan Walker introduced me to human evolution and paleoanthropology. They encouraged me to continue in anthropology after graduating from Happy Valley. I was fortunate enough to do fieldwork in Koobi Fora, Kenya with professors Jack Harris and Carolyn Dillian, amongst others in 2008. Northern Kenya is a beautiful place and participating in fieldwork there was an amazing experience. Being there gave me research opportunities that I completed for my Master’s thesis at New Mexico State University. Carolyn deserves a special acknowledgement because she taught me about the interesting questions that can be asked with sourcing obsidian artifacts.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Securities, Sustainability, and Migration in the Ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest
    Copyright © 2021 by the author(s). Published here under license by the Resilience Alliance. Ingram, S. E., and S. M. Patrick. 2021. Human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest. Ecology and Society 26(2):9. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12312-260209 Synthesis Human securities, sustainability, and migration in the ancient U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest Scott E. Ingram 1 and Shelby M. Patrick 2 ABSTRACT. In the U.S. Southwest and Mexican Northwest region, arid-lands agriculturalists practiced sedentary agriculture for at least four thousand years. People developed diverse lifeways and a repertoire of successful dryland strategies that resemble those of some small-scale agriculturalists today. A multi-millennial trajectory of variable population growth ended during the early 1300s CE and by the late 1400s population levels in the region declined by about one-half. Here we show, through a meta-analysis of sub-regional archaeological studies, the spatial distribution, intensity, and variation in social and environmental conditions throughout the region prior to depopulation. We also find that as these conditions, identified as human insecurities by the UN Development Programme, worsened, the speed of depopulation increased. Although these conditions have been documented within some sub-regions, the aggregate weight and distribution of these insecurities throughout the Southwest/Northwest region were previously unrecognized. Population decline was not the result of a single disturbance, such as drought, to the regional system; it was a spatially patterned, multi-generational decline in human security. Results support the UN’s emphasis on increasing human security as a pathway toward sustainable development and lessening forced migration.
    [Show full text]
  • A General Historic Properties Treatment Plan for Archaeological Investigations Associated with FCC Cell Tower Construction Projects on Private Lands in Arizona
    A General Historic Properties Treatment Plan for Archaeological Investigations Associated With FCC Cell Tower Construction Projects on Private Lands in Arizona Prepared for: Verizon Wireless Tempe, Arizona Prepared by: Terracon Consultants, Inc. Tempe, Arizona Terracon Project No. 65157582 August 2018 ABSTRACT Report Title: A General Historic Properties Treatment Plan for Archaeological Investigations Associated with FCC Cell Tower Construction Projects on Private Lands in Arizona Report Date: August 2018 Agencies: Federal Communications Commission, Arizona State Historic Preservation Office Project Sponsor: Verizon Wireless (Verizon) Project Description: Verizon constructs and collocates telecommunications facilities in Arizona. Due to the involvement of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the projects, they are considered federal undertakings subject to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. The Arizona State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) reviews FCC-licensed undertakings pursuant to two nationwide programmatic agreements. Some of Verizon’s proposed undertakings may be found by the FCC and SHPO to have an adverse effect on historic properties listed in, or eligible for listing in, the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The purpose of this General Historic Properties Treatment Plan (General HPTP) is to streamline the resolution of adverse effects to historic properties listed in, or eligible for listing in, the NRHP by Verizon-sponsored undertakings on private lands in Arizona. This streamlined resolution will also include the preparation of a project-specific addendum to the General HPTP. The General HPTP does not apply to state, county, municipal, or Tribal lands including private lands within tribal reservation boundaries, or to lands under federal jurisdiction. i TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1.
    [Show full text]
  • KIVA INDEX: Volumes 1 Through 83
    1 KIVA INDEX: Volumes 1 through 83 This index combines five previously published Kiva indexes and adds index entries for the most recent completed volumes of Kiva. Nancy Bannister scanned the indexes for volumes 1 through 60 into computer files that were manipulated for this combined index. The first published Kiva index was prepared in 1966 by Elizabeth A.M. Gell and William J. Robinson. It included volumes 1 through 30. The second index includes volumes 31 through 40; it was prepared in 1975 by Wilma Kaemlein and Joyce Reinhart. The third, which covers volumes 41 through 50, was prepared in 1988 by Mike Jacobs and Rosemary Maddock. The fourth index, compiled by Patrick D. Lyons, Linda M. Gregonis, and Helen C. Hayes, was prepared in 1998 and covers volumes 51 through 60. I prepared the index that covers volumes 61 through 70. It was published in 2006 as part of Kiva volume 71, number 4. Brid Williams helped proofread the index for volumes 61 through 70. To keep current with our volume publication and the needs of researchers for on-line information, the Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society board decided that it would be desirable to add entries for each new volume as they were finished. I have added entries for volumes 71 through 83 to the combined index. It is the Society's goal to continue to revise this index on a yearly basis. As might be expected, the styles of the previously published indexes varied, as did the types of entries found. I changed some entries to reflect current terminology.
    [Show full text]