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HAÏTI Profils Des Moyens D'existence En Milieu Rural Mars 2015

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HAÏTI Profils Des Moyens D'existence En Milieu Rural Mars 2015 HAÏTI Profils des moyens d’existence en milieu rural Mars 2015 CARTE NATIONALE DES ZONES DE MOYENS D’EXISTENCE EN HAÏTI HT01 - Littoral sec maïs et charbon HT02 - Nord tubercules et horticulture HT03 - Plateau central maïs et tubercules HT04 - Plaine rizicole de l'Artibonite HT05 - Plaine Ouest bananière d'Arcahaie HT06 - Ouest maraîchage et haricot HT07 - Sud haricot, banane et petit commerce HT08 - Littoral sud-ouest maïs, manioc et cueillette HT09 - Urbain Limite nationale !^ Chef lieu d’état Départements " Villes FEWS NET est une activité financée par l’USAID. Les points de vue exprimés FEWS NET Haiti par les auteurs de la présente publication ne reflètent pas forcément le point de [email protected] vue de l’Agence américaine pour le développement international (USAID) ou du www.fews.net gouvernement des États-Unis d’Amérique ou de l’Union européenne. HAÏTI Profils des moyens d’existence en milieu rural Mars 2015 TABLE DES MATIÈRES Remerciements ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Abréviations et acronymes .......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 L’historique de la HEA en Haïti ................................................................................................................................................ 7 Le cadre d’analyse HEA ............................................................................................................................................................ 8 La méthodologie du présent travail ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Aperçu de la situation à l’échelle nationale ............................................................................................................................... 12 Les moyens d’existence ruraux en Haïti ................................................................................................................................ 12 Les grands axes des sources de nourriture et de revenus ......................................................................................................... 14 Littoral sec maïs et charbon (Zone HT01), ................................................................................................................................. 16 Description de la zone ........................................................................................................................................................... 16 L’accès aux marchés .............................................................................................................................................................. 16 Le calendrier saisonnier ......................................................................................................................................................... 16 Les facteurs déterminants de la richesse ............................................................................................................................... 17 Les sources de nourriture ...................................................................................................................................................... 18 Les sources de revenus .......................................................................................................................................................... 19 Les dépenses .......................................................................................................................................................................... 19 Le calendrier des principales sources de revenus et de nourriture des ménages pauvres ................................................... 20 Les principaux aléas, stratégies d’adaptation et paramètres clés ......................................................................................... 21 Nord tubercules et horticulture (Zone HT02) ............................................................................................................................ 22 Description de la zone ........................................................................................................................................................... 22 L’accès aux marchés .............................................................................................................................................................. 22 Le calendrier saisonnier ......................................................................................................................................................... 23 Les facteurs déterminants de la richesse ............................................................................................................................... 23 Les sources de nourriture ...................................................................................................................................................... 24 Les sources de revenus .......................................................................................................................................................... 25 Les dépenses .......................................................................................................................................................................... 25 Le calendrier des principales sources de revenus et de nourriture des ménages pauvres ................................................... 26 Les principaux aléas, stratégies d’adaptation, et paramètres clés ........................................................................................ 26 Plateau central maïs et tubercules (Zone HT03) ........................................................................................................................ 28 Description de la zone ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 L’accès aux marchés .............................................................................................................................................................. 28 Le calendrier saisonnier ......................................................................................................................................................... 29 Les facteurs déterminants de la richesse ............................................................................................................................... 30 Les sources de nourriture ...................................................................................................................................................... 31 Les sources de revenus .......................................................................................................................................................... 31 Les dépenses .......................................................................................................................................................................... 32 Le calendrier des principales sources de revenus et de nourriture des ménages pauvres ................................................... 33 Les principaux aléas, stratégies d’adaptation et paramètres clés ......................................................................................... 33 Plaine rizicole de l’Artibonite (Zone HT04) ................................................................................................................................ 35 Description de la zone ........................................................................................................................................................... 35 L’accès aux marchés .............................................................................................................................................................. 35 Le calendrier saisonnier ......................................................................................................................................................... 36 Les facteurs déterminants de la richesse ............................................................................................................................... 36 Les sources de nourriture ...................................................................................................................................................... 37 Les sources de revenus .......................................................................................................................................................... 38 Les dépenses .......................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Le calendrier des principales sources de revenus et de nourriture des ménages pauvres ................................................... 39 Les principaux aléas, stratégies d’adaptation et paramètres clés ......................................................................................... 40 FEWS NET (Réseau de systèmes d’alerte précoce contre la famine) 2 HAÏTI Profils des
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