SCIENCECHRONICLES December 2011
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SCIENCECHRONICLES December 2011 Image: Long- tailed tit (fledgling). Image credit: nutmeg66/Flickr The Holiday Books Issue 2011 Jeff Opperman: Let’s Not Be the Last Book on the Shelf 3 28 Book Reviews by Karen Anderson, Charles Bedford, Susanna Danner, Joe Fargione, Jon Fisher, James Fitzsimons, Eddie Game, Sara Gottlieb, Jon Hoekstra, Helen Hooper, Peter Karevia, Bob Lalasz, Craig Leisher, Lynn Lozier, Matt Miller, Jensen Montambault, Jen Newlin, Bryan Piazza and Sheila Walsh 6 ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas...at TNC 33 1 The 2011 Holiday Books Issue Table of Contents Essay December 2011 3 Jeff Opperman: Let’s Not Be the Last Book on the Shelf Fiction CHRONICLES 6 Eisler: The John Rain Series (Reviewed by Charles Bedford) 7 Shteyngart: Super Sad True Love Story (Bedford) 8 Stephenson: Reamde (Susanna Danner) 9 Patchett: State of Wonder (Sara Gottlieb) SCIENCE 10 Fox: News from the World and Desperate Characters (Helen Hooper) 11 Torres: We the Animals (Hooper) 12 Ondaatje: The Cat’s Table (Bob Lalasz) 13 Harrison: The Great Leader (Matt Miller) 14 Allende: La Ciudad de Las Bestias (Jensen Montambault) 15 Collins: The Hunger Games Trilogy (Jen Newlin) 16 Meloy: Wildwood (Newlin) Non-Fiction 17 Lawler and Worley: Built to Change (Reviewed by Karen Anderson) 18 Phillips: Wealth and Democracy (Joe Fargione) 19 Cooney: Change of Heart (Jon Fisher) 20 Hyland: Kinglake-350 (James Fitzsimons) 21 Fleming: News from Tartary (Eddie Game) 22 Leigh and Harding: Wikileaks (Game) 23 Mann: 1491 (Jon Hoekstra) 24 Spiegelman: The Complete Maus (Hooper) 25 Pinker: The Better Angels of Our Nature (Peter Kareiva) 26 Quammen: Song of the Dodo (Craig Leisher) 27 Wilkerson: The Warmth of Other Suns (Lynn Lozier) 28 DeBuys: A Great Aridness (Patrick McCarthy) 29 Everett: Don’t Sleep, There Are Snakes (Miller) 30 Conniff: The Species Seekers (Miller) 31 Kingsolver, et al.: Animal, Vegetable, Miracle (Bryan Piazza) 32 Frank: The Darwin Economy (Sheila Walsh) 33 Poem: ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas...at TNC 2 Essay Let’s Not Be the Last Book on the Shelf By Jeff Opperman, senior advisor for hydropower, Global Freshwater Team, The Nature Conservancy December 2011 CHRONICLES SCIENCE Driving with my kids the other day. I saw a sign announcing: “Borders’ Books Going Out of Business: 90% Off!” We headed in with great enthusiasm, thoughts of nearly free books dancing in our heads. The place was swarming with bargain hunters. The remaining inventory had been moved to the front; the rest of the cavernous box store was gloomily empty behind Image credit: Martin movable partitions. Deutsch/Flickr through a Creative Though there were still thousands of books, I quickly realized the store had been Commons license. picked clean, like a carcass where all the soft parts were long gone and just the hide, hoofs, horns and bones remained. Like those ungulate parts, the titles left behind were mostly undigestible. 3 Jackal-like, I joined the others sniffing among the store’s skeletal shelves for some overlooked palatable morsel. There were literally no books for kids — those sections simply didn’t exist anymore. “Sorry guys, I guess there’s nothing left,” I said to the dejected pair shuffling along behind me. December 2011 But just then I turned a corner and stumbled upon the “Nature/Environment” section. It had books. Lots of books. New hardcover books, including four for which I’d recently read reviews and mentally filed away as potential reads. Two were on the future of water, and two were on the climate crisis. CHRONICLES My elation at finding such great bargains soon waned as I realized what their presence indicated. SCIENCE Here were brand new books on some of the most important challenges facing society today — now truly priced to move at about $2.50 — and they’d been left behind by the swarming scavengers, lingering on the shelves in the company of the odd, obscure and obsolete. What I found to be intriguing evidently had as much appeal to the general public as Getting to Know Your Commodore 64, Knitting with Dog Hair, and Nasal Maintenance Made Easy. Nature as the last of the remainders: It made real for me the now ubiquitous adage that conservation must strive to be more relevant to people. But relevant in what way? Major conservation organizations have responded to the need to increase their relevance by placing most of their money on…money. With an undercurrent suggesting that nature’s beauty, majesty and mystery are perhaps frivolous, our dominant themes now emphasize the economic returns from nature. “Conservation organizations must Don’t misunderstand me: I think that quantifying and demonstrating the economic find the words to value of natural ecosystems have great potential to improve decisions and increase convey how nature investments in conservation. While we must pursue such opportunities for progress, I is intertwined with question the extent to which those concepts will expand the appeal of conservation to the things people new audiences or galvanize the broad level of support that can undergird tough political care most deeply choices on climate change, for instance. about: their connections to family, community Why am I skeptical? Because of the letter D and the number 35. and sense of place.” The letter D is the grade given by the American Society of Civil Engineers for the condition of, and investment in, infrastructure in the United States. This grade includes a D- for both levees and water-treatment plants. Seeing as flood-risk reduction and clean water are two of the best horses in nature’s stable of ecosystem services, these near-failing grades offer a sobering reality check. 4 While I believe strongly that demonstrating nature’s benefits will resonate with certain key audiences, and thus advance our mission, when it comes to expanding the relevance of nature to broader audiences, establishing nature’s bona fides as infrastructure may produce underwhelming results. “Hey, nature,” says the levee, “congratulations on joining a woefully underfunded club!” December 2011 The number 35 is the percentage of U.S. charitable dollars going to religious organizations, considerably ahead of categories such as education (14%), human services (9%), health (8%), and environment/animal welfare (2%). Philanthropic giving flows first and foremost to something that provides people with CHRONICLES a sense of connection, spirituality and refuge. Giving to categories focused on advancing economic growth or material well-being for the poor and disadvantaged lag behind. SCIENCE Nature as infrastructure may be important. Nature as NGO calendar scenery may be inspiring. But nature’s most essential relevance may be in its intimate connection with our daily psychological, spiritual and physical well-being. I just heard a speech by Martin Palmer, leader of the Alliance of Religions and Conservation (a wonderful speaker, by the way). He said: “No one has ever been converted by a pie chart” — and added that, when trying to connect with people, we should only use words that are “sufficiently understood, indeed sufficiently loved, to have been used in a poem.” I can’t imagine a sonnet that contains “green infrastructure” or “ecosystem services” — or even “nature’s benefits.” Yet nature is the etymological raw material of poetry. Conservation organizations must find the words to convey how nature is intertwined with the things people care most deeply about: their connections to family, community, sense of place and love of country. The next time some big bookstore goes out of business, what will be the last book on the shelf? Something about wastewater treatment plants or highways? Or books about God, yoga, food or how to stay connected with your children? Nature has deep relevance for everything on that second list, and we should not forget to write those books, too. SC 5 Books: Fiction Make it Rain Killing Rain, Hard Rain, Rain Fall, Rain Storm, etc. -- The John Rain Series. By Barry Eisler. Reviewed by Charles Bedford, deputy managing director, North Asia, The Nature December 2011 Conservancy One of the many unfortunate problems of traveling so much that I know the flight attendants’ names on the PEK-SFO United 889 CHRONICLES route is that I tend to get suckered into trashy spy novels to pass the 13 hours in the air and countless others in transit. I can blast through SCIENCE one of these genre fictions in around 2-3 hours (they are written at the 7th grade level — which, coincidentally, is about my emotional maturity....) And, on planes, they are as engaging as meditation — empty mind and stiff back. Barry Eisler’s John Rain series is perfect for these situations. Occasionally, the hero/anti- hero even grapples with complex issues of morality, not something one expects in a professional assassin for hire who specializes in deaths that look natural. But over the arc of the seven-book series, Rain turns from an automaton assassin for hire (created by serving in the U.S. Special Forces in Vietnam) into a more rounded human being through his association with other likable characters, like a Southern cracker sniper and a beautiful Mossad agent who seduces and kills the enemies of Israel. And ultimately, he begins to kill only for the good guys, even foregoing snuffing out the new boyfriend of his son’s mother. Truly a triumph of good over evil that can warm the heart this holiday season. But the books do raise questions of free will and choice, albeit in a comic book context. These are questions that we all deal with on a daily basis, though not usually of the direct life-or-death type. Should I be driving this much? Why can’t TNC get good video-conferencing so our carbon footprint can be reduced? And, will this project really change the trajectory of global climate policy so that our species (my grandkids especially — after all, they have my genes!) makes it through the climate keyhole? Maybe we should hire John Rain...