SWITZERLAND CHINA 243 535

ITALY AUSTRALIA 170 183

State of Corporate pOWER 2012

Toyota Motor

Exxon Mobil

Wal-Mart Stores $

Royal Dutch Shell

Barclays plc

60 USA Capital Group Companies

28 Japan 20 China

Carlos Slim Helu telecom 15000 Royal Dutch Wal-Mart Shell Stores

Exxon Top 25 global companies OIL Mobil based on revenues Oil and gas make A fossil-fuelled world up eight of the top BP ten largest global 10000 corporations. Toyota Motor

Sinopec Group

422 369

343

Volkswagen 203 Petro Group China

AUTO 297

168 273

5000 General Motors Chevron

136 240

Daimler 131 190 Planet Earth Total

Ford Motor 129 188 3000 AXA A Corpor ate World Group 162 176

Conoco Phillips

ING Group 149 131

2000 ENI 143 Allianz

Resources: 125 136 http://www.tni.org

financIAL Berkshire Hathaway E.ON http://www.oilwatch.org 150 134 other http://www.carbonweb.org 1000 Bank of 134 http://www.minesandcommunities.org America 130 127 http://europeansforfinancialreform.org

REVENUESUS$Billions BNP s US$Billion Paribas General Corporations more Samsung Electric powerful than nations Electronics Hewlett 41 of the world’s 100 largest Packard

2010 GDP or REVENUES 2010 economies are corporations

Nation or Company

ENI IBM USA Italy India BP Total China rance Brazil ussia Spain Korea Iran Egypt Israel Qatar E.ON AT&T Nestlé Pemex Japan F CanadaR Mexico Turkey Poland Ireland Nigeria epublic omaniaAlgeria Kuwait Allianz Hitachi BelgiumSweden MalaysiaPortugal Chevron Pakistan R Ukraine HungaryDaimler Siemens Germany Australia Indonesia Austria ord Motor Carrefour PetrobrasGazprom GDF SuezCitigroup Panasonic Taiwan Norway Greece Finland State Grid Singapore Philippines AXA Group annie Mae ING Group F McKesson Netherlands Switzerland ThailandDenmark Volkswagen F Kazakhstan Honda Motor Nissan Motor VenezuelaColombia Toyota Motor New Zealand BNP Paribas Crédit Agricole PetroChina Czech R ConocoPhillips General Motors HSBC Holdings United Kingdom Saudi Arabia South EAfricaxxon Mobil Hong Kong SAR General Electric Bank of America Hewlett-Packard Banco Santander al-Mart Stores Sinopec Group Japan Post Holdings Berkshire Hathaway W oyal Dutch Shell Glencore International Samsung Electronics Assicurazioni Generali R Verizon Communications J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. American International Group United Arab Emirates Nippon Telegraph & Telephone plc

Capital Group Companies

FMR Corporation We may have democracy, TOP 25 CORPORATIONS or we may have based on ownership AXA

concentrated in the AND CONTROL State Street Corporation hands of a few, but we $ World controlled by Big Finance JP Morgan Chase & Co cannot have both. Legal & General Group plc Louis D. Brandeis, U.S. Supreme Court, 1916-1939 Vanguard Group

UBS AG

Merrill Lynch & Co

Wellington Mgmt Co

Deutsche Bank AG

90 90 Franklin Resources Inc 80 Credit Suisse Group 70

35

68 61 60 USA 133 Enterprises LLC Location of Top 200 60

GERMANY 34 USA 50 30 B ritain

FRance Corporations CHINA JAPAN JAPAN Bank of New York Mellon 40 NUMBER OF CORPORATIONS IN TOP 500 IN 2010 37 Natixis 30 28 Japan

20 China Less than Goldman Sachs Group 20 France Germany 10 12.5 UK 1% T Rowe Price Group 0 4 Brazil mostly banks, Legg Mason 1983 1999 2010 control the shares of 40% Morgan Stanley of global businesses. Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group

Northern Trust

ENI IBM Chile Total Peru Egypt Israel Qatar E.ON AT&T Nestlé Pemex Ireland Nigeria epublic omaniaAlgeria Kuwait Allianz Hitachi MalaysiaPortugal Chevron Pakistan R Ukraine HungaryDaimler Siemens Société Générale ord Motor Carrefour PetrobrasGazprom GDF SuezCitigroup Panasonic Greece Finland State Grid Singapore Philippines AXA Group annie Mae ING Group F McKesson Volkswagen F Kazakhstan Honda Motor Nissan Motor VenezuelaColombia Toyota Motor New Zealand BNP Paribas Crédit Agricole PetroChina Czech R ConocoPhillips General Motors HSBC Holdings Hong Kong SAR General Electric Bank of America Hewlett-Packard Banco Santander Sinopec Group Japan Post Holdings Berkshire Hathaway Glencore International Samsung Electronics Assicurazioni Generali Verizon Communications J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. American International Group United Arab Emirates Nippon Telegraph & Telephone There has been class warfare going on for the last 20 years, and my class has won. , Chairman & CEO, Berkshire Hathaway What would The Global 0.001% $42.7 trillion pay for? World GDP 53 US-Iraq wars 250 years Extreme wealth Climate adaptation 42.7 costs US$ trillion US space years 2247 programme world years 190 investable assets Universal primary & population secondary education of US$1 million 7 billion or more thousand Gulfstream 0.1% 854 executive jets 10.9 of the population 15.4 UN Millenium goal million 1423 for clean water US$ trillion years investable assets of US$30 million or more Geography of the Rich Number of People in thousands with investable 0.001% assets of US$1 million or more (2010) of the population 73 53 CANADA UK GERMANY INDIA percent percent 282 454 824 153 are men are from US, Japan and Germany JAPAN An unequal world FRANCE 1,739 USA 395 3,104

Percent of world’s SWITZERLAND income in 2007 CHINA 243 535 9.9 82.8 4.2 2.1 $ BRAZIL 1 155 ITALY AUSTRALIA 2 170 183 2.5 billion Top 20% of world Second Third Fourth Bottom people live population 20% 20% 20% 20% on less than $2 a day.

Resources: http://www.tni.org http://www.ukuncut.org.uk http://www.equalitytrust.org.uk http://ifg.org/programs/plutonomy.html http://www.taxjustice.net http://www.tackletaxhavens.com http://inequality.org $74 Case study of In 2006, it was estimated that contributed $1.50 per capita or $67 The world’s richest man, who doubled million total to Slim every day. His Carlos Slim Helu The World’s his assets between 2008 and 2010, significant investments in oil and gas, Mexico is a classic example of a tiny global and infrastructure companies telecom , who have used monopolies, pollute the Mexican environment Richest Men government corruption, and the through the emission of greenhouse support of the World Bank and IMF, to gases, the displacement of local privatise public resources and extract populations and the destruction of the vast wealth from ordinary people, often country’s biodiversity. in the global South. Slim protects his wealth by fighting off Behind every great In 1990, Carlos Slim bought the anti-monopoly suits with legal action, newly privatised national telephone , New York making donations to all major Mexican Times, Philip Morris, fortune is a crime. company, Telmex, in a sweetheart political parties, through friendships Honoré de Balzac, French novelist (1799-1850) RAND Corp. deal - with his friend then President with politicians including current Carlos Salinas - that included a prior Mexican President Felipe Calderon price-rise on consumers, a monopoly and former President , and of telecommunications for several more recently via his philanthropic years, and a $22 million loan from involvement in the health and $56 the World Bank. The deal made environmental sectors to “whitecoat” $50 telephone services in Mexico some of and “green-wash” the poor social the costliest in the world, and paved and environmental track record the way for Slim to take over other of many of his companies. monopolies. USA Warren Buffett software USA investments $41 $40 . Gates Foundation: Bernard Arnault health, France biotechnology. luxury goods USA Berkshire Hathaway software Lakshmi holdings include louis Vuitton $31 Washington Moet Hennessy: wines Narayan $31 $30 Post, Wal-Mart, and spirits, clothing, ConocoPhillips, Mittal cosmetics, jewellery, daughter’s Johnson & Johnson, retailing Lakshmi Mittal Kraft Foods wedding Amancio Ortega India Oracle, Sun cost $60 Spain Brazil Microsystems, steel fashion oil, mining Salesforce.com, million. NetSuite, Quark EBX Group oil Biotechnology, Inditex (Zara, (OGX), mining (MMX, Pharmaceuticals. ArcelorMittal, Macarthur Coal. Board Massimo Dutti, member of Goldman Sachs Group, Companhia Vale do Stradivarius), real Rio Doce), ports, World’s Top World Economic Forum International estate, gas, tourism, Business Council. shipbuilding, logistics, banks tourism, entertainment. ranked by assets in US$ billions 1990 Share 18.3% Increase from

18 1990 to 2007 Tax evasion Where DO THE costs 145 countries 16 Top 1% in America RICHEST CONTROL

14.3% receives a higher

United Kingdom share of total income MOST INCOME? more than US$3.1 14

Canada than any other 13.3% country in the OECD. trillion annually. top 100 billionaires the $ billions held by TOP 1% SHARE retail $ 283 11.1% Germany 12 I reland 10.5% Every $100 million recovered could fund full Switzerland 10.3% OF TOTAL INCOME ortugal I taly 9.8% P

9.5% immunisations for four million children or provide Japan 9.2% ustralia Spain 9% France 10 8.9% 8.9% A 8.8% Finland

8.6% water connections for 250,000 households. N ew Zealand 7.7% 7.4% Denmark 8 7.1% N orway Sweden 6.9%

5.7% investments $ 165 N etherlands 6

4 Where was the money made? Sectors that the top 100 billionaires’ wealth came from 2 steel $ 145

$ 140 Hennes & Mauritz software Inherited L’Oreal (H&M) production , from father; $27 $27 outsourced to 800 Universal Cargo Logistics Bettencourt factories in Europe Holding B.V. (ports, $26 $26 and Nestle are and Asia. shipping, transportation). Mukesh Ambani the two largest metals & mining $ 122 Christy Walton shareholders. India Karl Albrecht petrochemicals, USA Li Ka-shing oil & gas retail Hong Kong Germany $25 diversified retail groceries Stefan Persson Sweden $24 $24 oil & gas $ 110 Reliance Industries , retail clothing Vladimir Lisin Liliane Bettencourt includes petrochemicals, First Solar. Russia France oil and gas, Hutchison Whampoa Ltd Aldi discount and Cheung Kong Holdings steel cosmetics biotechnology, textiles, supermarkets diversified $ 108 retail, special (ports, telecom, retail, property in Germany economic zone (SEZ) development, infrastructure, and the U.S. development, telecom biotechnology). telecom $ 84

$23 $23 real estate $ 73 David Thomson Sheldon Adelson $22 $22 Canada USA David Koch Charles Koch media casinos internet $ 63 $21 $21 $21 USA S. Robson Walton USA diversified diversified media $ 41 $20 USA USA USA $20 $20 Thomas & shipping $ 31 retail retail retail Sergey Brin Raymond Kwok USA USA Koch candy, pet food $ 30 Hong Kong Koch Industries, Thomson , software software Wal-Mart Wal-Mart, Wal-Mart, Community Industries, cosmetics $ 24 real estate INVISTA, Flint Woodbridge chairman. Crystal Bridges Publishers (newspapers Cato Institute, packaging $ 24 Americans for Hills Resources, investment firm, casinos $ 23 Sun Hung Kai in Arkansas, Missouri, Google Google Prosperity, David Georgia-Pacific. Globe and Mail. commodities $ 19 Properties (SHKP), Oklahoma). chocolates $ 18 H. Koch Charitable computers $ 15 SmarTone-Vodafone, sugar $ 14 Foundation. beer $ 13 Agrifirma Brazil clothing $ 13 eyewear $ 11 biotech $ 10 construction $ 10 fertilizer $ 10 All in all, I think we've hit the jackpot. NEOLIBeral U.S. President Ronald Reagan, October 15, 1982, as he signed a bill deregulating the savings and ARCHITECTS loan industry which allowed bankers to gamble hundreds of billions in taxpayers' money

Anatoly Carlos Frits Alan Chubais Salinas Bolkestein Lawrence Greenspan Charlie Summers First Russian deputy chairman McCreevy Tony Blair of economy and finance after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Mexican President, 1988-1994. employee, World Bank chief economist, 1991- As Chair of Federal Reserve from Backed by IMF and World Bank, Oversaw privatisation of 200 Minister of Defence in 1993, US Treasury Secretary, 1987 to 2006, Alan Greenspan was one of the architects of state-owned companies, negotia- Netherlands, European 1999-2001, President of Harvard managed US fiscal policy based deregulation and a privatisation Irish Minister for Finance, tion of North American Free Trade UK Prime Minister, 1997-2007, Commissioner for Internal University, 2001-2006, Director of on low interest rates and specula- model that led to an effective 1997-2004. Pushed through Agreement, and spending spree who followed Thatcher in Market and Services, National Economic Council, 2009- tive lending, and was a strong handover of major state compa- that contributed to Mexican finan- low taxation, deregulation, promoting increased privatisation 1999-2004, responsible for 2010. Actively encouraged Russian advocate of tax breaks for the nies, such as , and cial crisis in 2004. and fueled housing bubble of public services, deregulation the ‘Bolkestein Directive’ liberalization, lobbied against US rich and Novolipetsk Steel, to government which led to economic crisis. participation in the Kyoto Protocol of finance and consumption-led that aimed to create a free deregulation of the financial insiders. These insiders became Corporate ties: European Commissioner for and promoted deregulation of growth. market for the services sector. 20 of the richest men in the Salinas was advised by Robert Internal Market and Services, finance such as the Gramm-Leach- sector in the EU that was world in the 1990s. Meanwhile Rubin (Goldman Sachs, Citigroup, 2004-2010, responsible for Bliley bank deregulation in 1999. Corporate ties: widely condemned for trying Corporate ties: 60% of russians has the same U.S. Treasury) and tied to Mexican sweeping program of EU-wide Consultant to JP Morgan Chase to lower health, safety and Sat on boards of Alcoa, Automatic real income or less than the aver- oligarchs: Carlos Slim (Telmex), financial sector deregulation, Corporate ties: Data Processing, Capital Cities age 20 years ago. Emilio Azcarraga (Televisa), and for an estimated $1 million per labour standards. Hedge Fund D. E. Shaw Group controversial EU Services year. Advisor on climate change to ABC, General Foods, J.P. Morgan Roberto Hernandez Ramirez Directive, and Lisbon Treaty. managing director, 2006-2009. & Co., Morgan Guaranty Trust Co., Corporate ties: (Banamex, Citigroup). U.S. Gener- Zurich Financial Services. Corporate ties: Board of electronic payment Involved in series of scandals al Accounting Office reported that Estimated to receive millions Non-executive director of service Square, 2011. Adviser to Mobil, Pittston Co., and Council Corporate ties: including a $2.9 million interest- between 1992 and 1994 Salinas’ more through various corporate Air France-KLM, 2005-2011. venture capital firm Andreessen on Foreign Relations. Consultant In 2010 forced to resign from free loan from Stolichny Savings brother Raul transferred over $90 partnerships including Tony Blair Horowitz, 2011. During Summers’ to Allianz AG’s Pacific Investment board of NBNK Investments Advisor to Management Company (PIMCO), Bank, a major beneficiary of million out of Mexico into bank ac- Associates, Windrush Ventures, Presidency at Harvard, University after EU ethics committee ’s Paulson & Co., Deutsche Bank privatisation. Head of state owned counts in and Switzerland, and BDBCO Ltd. While the Quartet purchased a series of speculative found conflict of interest with , the holding 2007. electric power monopoly Unified through a complex set of transac- Special Envoy on the Middle East, interest rate swaps that eventu- his work as commissioner in company of energy and oil Energy System (UES). Since tions aided by high-ranking officers mediating the peace process ally lost approximately $1 billion in charge of financial regulation. Yukos. “Those of us who have looked to September 2008, advisor to of Citibank. in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, value. While top economic adviser Sits on boards of Ryanair, to President Obama, earned more the self-interest of lending insti- JPMorgan Chase & Co. Currently Carlos Salinas served on the Dow Blair has also engaged in multi- Sentenial, BNY Mellon Clearing than $5 million from D. E. Shaw tutions to protect shareholders’ head of Rusnano Russian Nano- Jones & Company board of direc- -million dollar contracts with the International Ltd, Sports Direct and collected $2.7 million in speak- equity, myself included, are in a technology Corporation. tors, 1995-1997. Kuwaiti and Abu Dhabi regimes International. ing fees from Wall Street com- state of shocked disbelief.” and is linked to oil interests in Iraq panies that received government Greenspan on 2008 economic through the Korean UI Energy Corp. bailout money. collapse

Forty-three percent of 198 members who left Over half of the lobbyists at four of the best known US Congress between 1998 and 2005 Brussels lobby consultancies have previous experience became registered lobbyists. working inside EU institutions. There is always somebody who pays, and international business is generally the main source of corruption. George Soros, Business and The Davos Class But this dominant class has weaknesses too; one is that it has an ideology but virtually no ideas and no imagination. Their pro- Susan George gramme since the 1970s, usually called ‘neoliberalism’, is based on January 2012 freedom for financial innovation, no matter where it may lead, on privatization, deregulation, and unlimited growth; on the suppos- edly free, self-regulating market and free trade that gave birth to The Davos class run our major institutions, know the casino economy. This economy has failed spectacularly and is exactly what they want, and are well organized, but now thoroughly discredited, at least in the public mind. Marcilio they have weaknesses too. For they are wedded to an Peter Dick Most people ask for no further proof; they can see that the system Marques ideology that isn't working and they have virtually no works neither for them, nor for their families and friends, nor for Mandelson Cheney ideas nor imagination to resolve this. their country. Many also recognize that it’s bad for the immense Moreira majority of the earth’s people and for the earth itself. The sole (This article is adapted with minor editorial changes from Susan response of the Davos Class is to keep the old world order ticking George’s recent book Whose Crisis, Whose Future? (Polity Press and over a bit longer, with a free pass for all the institutions which John Wiley & Sons, 2010) created the crisis to begin with. It won’t work, not even on their own terms. Director of communications for the UK Secretary of Defense, 1989- ‘“All for ourselves and nothing for other people” seems in every Labour Party; Privy Councillor and Sec- 1993, and U.S. Vice President, Brazilian Minister of age of the world to have been the vile maxim of the masters of I believe that ‘we’ – the decent, honest, so-called ordinary people retary of State for Trade and Industry in 2001-2009 who advocated mankind,’i wrote Adam Smith in 1776 in , Finance, 1991-1992, 1998; Secretary of State for Northern I meet all the time – have the numbers (and thus also the votes) responsible for overseeing invasions of two countries, and universally considered the first comprehensive inquiry into the on our side. We have the imagination, the ideas and the rational Ireland, 1999-2001. One of the architects helped privatize U.S. military nature and practice of . the Plano Collor (Plano and key defenders of Labour Party’s proposals as well as most of the skills and the scholarship – Brasil Novo) of trade and energy policy. meaning we know what needs to be done and how to do it. We full embrace of pro-corporate domestic The masters of mankind are still with us: I call them the Davos liberalization, deregulation, and international policies. As European belong to a huge variety of formal and informal organizations class because, like the people who meet each January in the struggling for change in this or that institution, this or that domain. and privatization. Commissioner for Trade, 2004-2008, Swiss mountain resort, they are nomadic, powerful and inter- Collectively, we even have money. What we do not have is the he aggressively pushed for Free Trade Corporate ties: Halliburton CEO, 1995-2000. changeable. Some have economic power and usually a consider- unity or the organization of the adversary, and we all too often lack Corporate ties: Agreements to help expand markets for able personal fortune. Others have administrative and political Wife Lynne Cheney on board the consciousness of our own potential power. Executive Vice-President, European corporations. power, mostly exercised on behalf of those with economic power, of Lockheed, 1994-2001. Unibanco. Senior who reward them in their own way. Contradictions among its The Occupy Wall Street Movement in the United States and the International Advisor Corporate ties: Both companies are major members can most certainly exist – the CEO of an industrial military contractors that Indignados and others in Europe have identified the huge inequali- at Merrill Lynch & Chairman of Global Counsel LLP, a con- company does not always have exactly the same interests as ties that prevail in our societies as “the 1 percent” and the “99 gained massively from US Co. Board member of sultancy firm for European businesses, his bankers – but generally speaking, when it comes to societal percent” that roughly coincide with the Davos Class and the rest foreign policy during his vice- NOVOTEL, Coca-Cola, 2010- ; Senior Adviser to financial choices, they will agree. of us, although the former is closer to one-tenth of 1 percent. In RJ Reynolds, Hoechst, advisory and asset management firm -presidency. Former board other words, they have identified the adversary, the class that Marsh & McLennan Group, Lazard Ltd, 2011. Tenure in EU Commis- member of Procter & Gamble, I’m not impugning anybody’s individual morality here – there maintains a rotten status quo. Our task now is to build a vast coa- are surely plenty of kind-hearted bankers, generous traders and IBM-, and sion led to allegations that his meetings Union Pacific, Electronic lition of all those who agree with the diagnosis, all those who want with Russian oligarch socially responsible CEOs. I am simply saying that, as a class, they GE-South America, and Data Systems, Salomon to fight for their future but also for a fairer society, a better world, were a conflict of interest given his role can be counted on to behave in certain ways if only because they ENERGISA. Smith Barney, and American a healthier planet. Such alliances, which must become at once in decisions to cut aluminum tariffs that Enterprise Institute. In 2007, serve a single system. The Davos class, despite its members’ nice local, national and transnational, won’t happen by magic—they benefited Deripaska’s company . Cheney reported assets valued manners and well-tailored clothes, is predatory. These people require conversations, debates and the concrete recognition that cannot be expected to act logically because they are not thinking whatever our minor differences of opinion or emphasis, we are all “We are intensely relaxed between $21 and $100 million. about longer-term interests, usually not even their own, but about on the same side. about people getting filthy rich.” eating, right now. If not us, who? If not now, when? You can find the Davos class in every country – its members do not belong to a conspiracy and its modus operandi can be readily observed and identified. Why bother with conspiracies when the study of power and interests will do the job? The Davos class is always extremely small relative to the society and its members naturally have money – sometimes inherited, sometimes self- Resources: made. More importantly, they have their own social institutions i Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, Book III, Chapter IV, p. 512 in http://www.tni.org – clubs, top schools for their kids, neighbourhoods, corporate and the Pelican Classic edition, Andrew Skinner, ed. armondsworth & http://www.corporateeurope.org charity boards, holiday destinations, membership organizations, New York, 1974 exclusive fashionable social events, and so on – all of which help http://www.alter-eu.org/revolving-doors to buttress social cohesion and collective power. They run our ma- Photo credits: Copyright World Economic Forum www.swiss-image. http://www.thecornerhouse.org.uk jor institutions, including the media, know exactly what they want ch/Photo by Hanspeter Baertschi and are much more united and better organized than we are. Sources

Planet Earth: A Corporate World chapter 8; Anne Williamson, Contagion: The Betrayal of Liberty; http://www. lenta.ru/lib/14160313/full.htm; and http://russiaprofile.org/bg_people/ Top 25 companies based on revenues: Forbes, April 2011 resources_whoiswho_alphabet_c_chubais.html http://www.forbes.com/global2000/ • Thane Gustafson, Capitalism Russian-style, chapter 3; and Janine R. Wedel, The Top 25 companies based on ownership and control: Vitali, Glattfelder, and Battiston, Harvard Boys Do Russia, The Nation, June 1, 1998. The Network of Global Corporate Control, 2011 • Reuters, September 22, 2008; and Aaron Mulvihill, Russia Today http:// Corporations more powerful than nations: Nations' GDP from IMF website http:// russiapedia.rt.com/prominent-russians/politics-and-society/anatoly-chubais/ www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/weodata/download.aspx; • Marketwatch, September 26, 2008. company revenue from Fortune 500 http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/ global500/2011/full_list/%20 Marcilio Marques Moreira Location of Top 200 corporations and number of Top 500 corporations per • http://www.labgbooth.org/conference/speakers/18 country: Fortune 500 http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2011/ Carlos Salinas full_list/%20 • Jeff Faux, The Global Class War: How America's Bipartisan Elite Lost Our Future. • U.S. GAO, Private Banking: Raul Salinas, Citibank, and Alleged Money The Global 0.001% Laundering, GAO/OSI-99-1 http://www.gao.gov/archive/1999/os99001.pdf • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/mexico/family/ Extreme wealth and Geography of the Rich: Capgemini and Merrill Lynch Global citibankaffair.html , World Wealth Report 2011 http://www.us.capgemini.com/ • http://www.cidob.org/es/documentacion/biografias_lideres_politicos/ services-and-solutions/by-industry/financial-services/solutions/wealth/ america_del_norte/mexico/carlos_salinas_de_gortari#6 worldwealthreport/ Charlie McCreevy An unequal world: Isabel Ortiz and Matthew Cummins, Global inequality: Beyond the Bottom Billion , UNICEF April 2011 http://www.unicef.org/socialpolicy/files/ • , January 19, 2009 http://www.independent.ie/national-news/ Global_Inequality_REVISED_-_5_July.pd fitzgerald-says-crisis-started-with-mccreevy-1606203.html What would $42.7 billion pay for? • http://www.europeanvoice.com/article/2010/10/mccreevy-quits-bank-post- after-ethics-ruling/69135.aspx • US-Iraq War: direct costs so far have been $800 billion but indirect costs could top $4 trillion, MarketWatch, December 2011 http://www.marketwatch.com/ • http://www.ryanair.com/en/investor/board-of-directors story/iraq-war-ends-with-a-4-trillion-iou-2011-12-15 Dick Cheney • US space programme: US White House website http://www.whitehouse.gov/ • http://www.nationalcorruptionindex.org/pages/profile.php?profile_id=230 omb/factsheet_department_nasa/ • http://www.tampabay.com/news/humaninterest/article997996.ece • Gulfstream Executive Jet: Business & Commercial Aviation's • http://www.reuters.com/article/2007/05/15/us-bush-wealth- • 2010 Purchase Planning Handbook idUSN1545236120070515 • Universal primary and secondary education: Calculated from http://www. amacad.org/publications/cohen_intro.pdf, p.3,22 • http://www.volkskrant.nl/vk/nl/2680/Economie/article/ • Meeting UN Millennium Development Goal on Clean Water: UNESCO website detail/685200/2005/05/24/Bolkestein-adviseur-van-moedermaatschappij- http://webworld.unesco.org/water/wwap/facts_figures/mdgs.shtml Yukos.dhtml • Climate change adaptation: UNFCCC (2008). Investment and Financial Flows to • http://managementscope.nl/magazine/artikel/252-Chordovski-Poetin-Yukos Address Climate Change. UNFCCC, Bonn http://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_ Lawrence Summers support/financial_mechanism/items/4053.php • Financial Industry Paid Millions to Obama Aide, New York Times, April 3, 2009. • Bloomberg News, March 3 and December 18, 2009. THE WORLD’S RICHEST MEN Peter Mandelson World's top billionaires and sectors the wealth came from: Forbes.com, March 2011 • The Times, Oct 22, 2008 http://www.forbes.com/wealth/billionaires • , Oct 13, 2008 Case study of Carlos Slim: Outing the - billionaires who benefit from • , Oct 21, 2008 today’s climate crisis, International Forum on Globalization (IFG) http://ifg.org/ • The Telegraph, Oct 24, 2008, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/ programs/.html georgeosborne/3253562/-Mandelson-under-pressure-to-reveal-details- Tax rates in different OECD countries: Center of Budget and Policy Priorities http:// of-meetings-with-Oleg-Deripaska.html www.cbpp.org/ Tony Blair Tax evasion costs: Tax Justice Network, Cost of Tax Abuse, November 2011 http:// • BBC News, January 10, 2008. www.tackletaxhavens.com/Cost_of_Tax_Abuse_TJN_Research_23rd_Nov_2011. pdf • The Guardian http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/series/blair-mystery and articles by David Leigh and Ian Griffiths on Dec 1, 2009, http://www.guardian. co.uk/politics/2009/dec/01/mystery-tony-blair-finances and Dec 19, 2009, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/dec/17/mystery-tony-blairs- NEOLIBERAL ARCHITECTS money-solved Alan Greenspan: • Dispatches: The Wonderful World of Tony Blair, http://www.youtube.com/ • Testimony before the U.S. House Committee on Oversight and Government watch?v=Tg-Dc3nmdYA Reform, October 23, 2008. • The Guardian, March 17, 2010. • Reuters, September 22, 2008; Marketwatch, September 26, 2008. • Ken I. Kim and Anna Yelkina, : Its Past, Present, and Future, SAM Advanced Management Journal, Winter 2003 http:// www.freepatentsonline.com/article/SAM-Advanced-Management- Journal/98831087.html See also Thane Gustafson, Capitalism Russian-style,

Research: George Draffan Design: Ricardo Santos