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New Pokhara International Airport, Nepal

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New Pokhara International Airport, Nepal s://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fejatlas.org%2Fconict%2Fnew-pokhara- national-airport) s://twitter.com/intent/tweet? =Check+out+New+Pokhara+International+Airport+on+%23EJAtlas%3A&url=https://ejatlas.org/conict/new ara-international-airport) print/new-pokhara-international-airport) Last updat 2018-10-0 New Pokhara International Airport, Nepal (https://le.ejatlas.org/img/Conict/new-pokhara-international-a In 1975 1,500 households were displaced for a new airport in Pokhara. The project lay dormant until it was revived in 2013. Additional land acquisition met with many protests and a violent clash that led to at least six people suering injuries Description: In 1975 the Nepal government acquired 93,106 ropani the loss of farmland could cause aected people (158 hectares) of land from 1,500 households for diculties in maintaining their subsistence livelihoods, construction of a new airport in Pokhara.[1] The main assuring that the airport project would open up objective of the new airport is to provide easier access for opportunities for alternative livelihoods in trade and visitors and develop the area as a tourism hub. The land tourism.[2] acquired for the airport was agricultural and the See mo Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) recognized that Legal notice / Aviso legal (/legal) Basic Data Name of conict: New Pokhara International Airport, Nepal Country: Nepal (/country/nepal) State or province: Gandaki Pradesh province Location of conict: Pokhara Accuracy of location HIGH (Local level) Source of Conict Type of conict. 1st level: Infrastructure and Built Environment Type of conict. 2nd level: Land acquisition conicts Tourism facilities (ski resorts, hotels, marinas) Ports and airport projects Specic commodities: Land (/commodity/land) Tourism services (/commodity/tourism-services) Project Details and Actors Legal notice / Aviso legal (/legal) Project details The New Pokhara International Airport site is at New Pokhara International Airport is scheduled for Chinnedanda, just 3 kilometres distance from Pokhara completion in 2021 with capacity to handle 1 million Airport, the existing airport serving the region. A USD216 passengers annually. The airport will feature a 2,500 million loan for construction of New Pokhara International meter length 45 meter wide runway to support take-o Airport, part funding the project, was nalized by China and landing operations of large commercial aircraft such Export Import Bank on 11th July 2017. China CMAC as Airbus A320, Boeing 737-700 series and Boeing 757- Engineering Co (CMAC) was awarded the contract to 200, taxiways and access roads. Landside infrastructure construct and develop the airport, commencing will include a 10,000 square meter international terminal construction in August 2016. CMAC’s bid for the project, and a 4,000 square meter domestic terminal.[18] the lowest at USD305 million, was nevertheless signicantly higher than the USD175 million budget originally set for the project.[17] (See les Project area: 200 Level of Investment: 305,000,000 Type of population Rural Aected Population: 1,830 households / landowners Start of the conict: 19/03/2013 Company names or state enterprises: Nepali Oil Corporation (NOC) (/company/nepali-oil-corporation) from Nepal (/country-of-company/nepal) - Demanded additional land allocation for airport site, for fuel storage China CAMC Engineering (CAMC) (/company/china-camc-engineering) from China (/country-of-company/china) - Awarded contract for construction of New Pokhara International Airport Legal notice / Aviso legal (/legal) Relevant government actors: Government of Nepal Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN) Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation (MoCTCA) Pokhara-Leknath Metropolitan Municipality Kaski District International and Finance Institutions China Export Import Bank (/institution/china-export-import-bank) from China (/country-of-institution/china) - Approved a USD 216 million soft loan agreeemnt for project development in March 2016 Environmental justice organizations (and other supporters) and their websites, if available: International Airport Construction Public Concern Struggle Committee Conict & Mobilization Intensity HIGH (widespread, mass mobilization, violence, arrests, etc...) Reaction stage PREVENTIVE resistance (precautionary phase) Groups mobilizing: Farmers Neighbours/citizens/communities Forms of mobilization: Blockades Boycotts of ocial procedures/non-participation in ocial processes Development of a network/collective action Street protest/marches Appeals/recourse to economic valuation of the environment Refusal of compensation Aected landowners attempted to padlock project oce [5] Impacts Legal notice / Aviso legal (/legal) Environmental Impacts Visible: Loss of landscape/aesthetic degradation, Deforestation and loss of vegetation cover Potential: Air pollution, Food insecurity (crop damage), Global warming, Noise pollution, Reduced ecological / hydrological connectivity, Oil spills, Biodiversity loss (wildlife, agro-diversity) Health Impacts Visible: Other Health impacts Potential: Mental problems including stress, depression and suicide Other Health impacts Illnesses caused by pollutants emitted by aircraft At least 6 people injured in clash between landowners and police [5],[6],[7] Socio-economical Impacts Visible: Displacement, Loss of livelihood, Loss of traditional knowledge/practices/cultures, Land dispossession, Loss o landscape/sense of place, Increase in violence and crime Potential: Violations of human rights, Other socio-economic impacts Other socio-economic impacts Probable displacement of paragliding businesses to make way for airport ightpaths [11],[12] Outcome Project Status Under construction Conict outcome / response: Compensation Migration/displacement Violent targeting of activists Do you consider this an environmental justice success? Was environmental justice served?: No Legal notice / Aviso legal (/legal) Briey explain: Phased land acquisition and a land survey for New Pokhara International Airport proceeded without consulting aected residents and many aected people rejected compensation that was oered. Residents facing displacement resorted to repeated protests, warnings that they would obstruct construction and an attempt to padlock the project oce. Sources & Materials Related laws and legislations - Juridical texts related to the conict [2] Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of New Pokhara Regional International Airport, Submitted to: Government of Nepal Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, Submitted by: Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN), January 2015 [click to view] (https://www.researchgate.net/prole/Dr_Ramesh_Bhatt/publication/299485704_EIA_of_PIAP/links/56fb2d8b08aef6d10d9054a6/EIA-of- PIAP.pdf) Links to general newspaper articles, blogs or other websites [4] Local protest govt move of acquiring additional land, Himalayan Times, 19 March 2013 [click to view] (http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullNews.php?headline=+Local+protest+govt+move+of+acquiring+additional+land++&NewsID=369932 (accessed 19 December 2014)) [8] Airport project oers substitute land, Kathmandu Post, 29 December 2014 [click to view] (http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2014-12-29/airport-project-oers-substitute-land.html) [10] Dispute over land price ends, Ekantipur, 15 February 2015 [click to view] (http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2015-02-15/dispute-over-land-price-ends.html) [1] Locals refuse land for hub airport in Pokhara, Ghale Treks, 19 March 2013 [click to view] (http://ghalegroup.com/blog/locals-refuse-land-for-hub-airport-in-pokhara) [3] With new airport, Pokhara waits for takeo, Nepali Times, 12 January 2018 [click to view] (http://archive.nepalitimes.com/article/nation/Pokhara-waits-for-take-o,4136) [5] 10 hurt in Pokhara airport construction dispute, Kathmandu Post, 18 December 2014 [click to view] (http://www.ekantipur.com/2014/12/18/national/10-hurt-in-pokhara-airport-construction-dispute/399203.html) [6] Six people injured in clashes over land compensation, Kathmandu Post, 19 December 2014 [click to view] (http://www.ekantipur.com/2014/12/19/business/six-people-injured-in-clashes-over-land-compensation/399224.html) Legal notice / Aviso legal (/legal) [18] Pokhara Regional International Airport (PRIA), Airport Technology [click to view] (https://www.airport-technology.com/projects/pokhara-regional-international-airport-pria/) [7] 8 injured as agitated land owners clash with Police, Myrepublica.com (http://Myrepublica.com), 19 December 2014 [click to view] (http://www.myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=88804 (accessed 20 December 2014)) [9] DDC tells landowners to stop upping ante, Himalayan Times, 8 January 2015 [click to view] (http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullNews.php?headline=DDC+tells+landowners+to+stop+upping+ante&NewsID=440252 (accessed 17 January 2015)) [11] Paragliders fear being displaced by airport, Kathmandu Post, 21 June 2016 [click to view] (http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-06-21/paragliders-fear-being-displaced-by-airport.html) [12] Pokhara’s 4-decade-old dream within grasp, Kathmandu Post, 3 August 2018 [click to view] (http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2017-08-03/pokharas-4-decade-old-dream-within-grasp.html) [13] Construction work of Pokhara Airport intensied after PM’s Visit, tourismmail.com (http://tourismmail.com), 1 August 2018 [click to view] (http://www.tourismmail.com/construction-work-of-pokhara-airport-intensied-after-pms-visit/) [14] Additional land
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