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FDA on the Herbal Sweet­ Norman R Yes, I want to support herbal research and get 4 quarterly issues of Herba/Gram. Name __________ Title/Affiliation ---------- Address----~----------~-------------------------------- City ------------State/Zip-------------- Category/Background: Business Researcher Journalist Consumer Other Area of Special Interest: Please circle choice of membership: lndividual-$35 lnstitutional-$50 Commercial-$200 To support these objectives, please detach or copy form and mail with check to: HERB RESEARCH FOUNDATION, 1007 Pearl Street Suite 200, Boulder, CO 80302, (303) 449-2265. Visa or Mastercard accepted: Phone (800) 748-2617. The PROGRESS ON TERRESTRIAL Farnsworth AND MARINE NATURAL PRODUCTS OF MEDICINAL Symposium AND BIOLOGICAL INTEREST Proceedings a:f a Symposium held on the Occasion of the 60th birthday of Progress on Terrestrial Professor Norman R. Farnsworth - - and Marine Natural ,.,.._,_~._.,. ..... ,.._..""­ c.--~~~-,..._.,_, - Products of Medicinal ~~ - and Biological Interest - In March, 1990, a medicinal plant symposium titled, "Progress on Terrestrial and Marine Natural Products of Medicinal and Biological Interest," was held in honor of the 60th birthday of Professor Norman R. Farnsworth. The 181-page paperback, perlect-bound published pro­ ceedings includes 19 scientific papers, 10 abstracts, and 11 abstracts of poster presentations. An ABC exclusive. Subjects include: • Bioactive Plants of the Northwest • The Organization and Function of Amazon NAPRALERT • Traditional Medicine and Medici­ • Phytochemicals with Potential nal Plants of Burma Use in Dental Products • Understanding Methods in Chi­ nese Herbal Preparations 00 • Medical Ethnobotany of South Add $2 US/$3 Canada America $15 foreign for postage $29 and handling. See page 63 for toU-free number and order form. ltem#402 HEQ5 DeuReader RE&EAQCfi fOUNDATION President - Rob McCaleb HRF Professional Advisory Board Glenn Appelt, Ph.D. ou might notice a few ease, now we offer a brief piece on an herb Professor of Pharmacology that is providing some promising possi­ University of Colorado, Boulder changes in this issue of John A. Beutler, Ph.D. Herba!Gram. First, we bilities in cutting down on air pollution. Natural Products Chemist have added eight more Can Vernonia become an "herbal cure for National Cancer Institute Y Robert A. Bye, Jr., Ph.D. pages, increasing Herba/Gram's size the greenhouse effect?" These features, along with our Professor of Ethnobotany from 56 to 64 pages. We did so to National University of Mexico accommodate the growing amount of regular departments, promise to keep you Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D. information which we felt vital to current with trends and happenings in the Director, Institute for present. There are even more stories world of herbs and medicinal plant re­ Traditional Medicine & Preventive Health Care and articles we'd like to convey and we search. James A. Duke, Ph.D. feel frustrated that the space is limited­ Economic Botanist even with the addition of eight pages. U.S. Department of Agriculture Also in this issue, our Art Direc­ Norman R. Farnsworth, Ph.D. Research Professor tor, Ira Kennedy, has included some MARK BLUMENTHAL. EDITOR of Pharmacognosy and Senior Scholar striking! y beautiful photos of the art of University of lllinois at Chicago Richard Solomon. Although Richard I. Ford, Ph.D. Solomon's art is not directly related to Professor of Ethnobotany University of Michigan herbs and medicinal plants per se, the Alv1ERICAN Harriet Kuhnlein, Ph.D. photos are so compelling that we in­ Professor of Nutrition cluded them as examples of novel uses BOTfoNICAL McGill University of plants and plant materials. Albert Leung, Ph.D. COUNCIL Pharmacognosist On a more serious note, we Glen Rock, New Jersey present several articles on legal and Board of Trustees Walter Lewis, Ph.D. regulatory issues. First, the AHPA Mark Blumenthal, Executive Director Professor of Biology James A. Duke, Ph.D. Washington University petition to FDA on the herbal sweet­ Norman R. Farnsworth, Ph.D. James D. McChesney, Ph.D. ener, stevia. Hopefully, FDA will soon Professor of Pharmacognosy acknowledge the wisdom of the University of Mississippi industry's position that stevia is a safe Ara Der Marderoeian, Ph.D. Professor of Pharmacognosy food and should not be banned from HERBAIGRAM Philadelphia College of Pharmacy commerce. and Science Editor - Mark Blumenthal C. Dwayne Ogzewalla, Ph.D. Second, Rob McCaleb updates Technical Editor - Rob McCaleb us on the status of the Nutrition Label­ Professor of Pharmacognosy Managing Editor - Barbara Johnston University of Cincinnati ing and Education Act of 1990 (NLEA) Art Director - Ira Kennedy James Ruth, Ph.D. and the Botanical Ingredient Review Associate Editor- Steven Foster Professor of Medicinal Chemistry (BIR) that we published in the last Contributing Editors University of Colorado James A. Duke, Ph.D. issue. Unfortunately, FDA has re­ E. John Staba, Ph.D. Ara der Marderosian, Ph. D. Professor of Pharmacognosy jected the BIR proposal, making it Christoper Hobbs University of Minnesota virtually impossible for consumers to Albert Y. Leung, Ph.D. Varro E. Tyler, Ph.D. receive health information on herbal Dennis V. C. Awang, Ph.D. lilly Distinguished Professor food supplements. We also offer a Clrculation/Classlfled Advertising Manager of Pharmacognosy Margaret Wright Purdue University "Pro and Con" debate on some of the Phil Weber, M.D. HtrbalGram is published quarterly by the Ameri­ BIR provisions. can Botanical Council and the Herb Research Physician We have a review article on the Foundation as an educational project. Educational Boulder, Colorado and business offices at the American Botanical Andrew Weil, M.D. cardiovascular literature on the famous Council, P. 0. Box 201660, Austin, Texas 7fr720. Physician and Author Mistletoe. And finally, while we usu­ 512/331-8868. FAX512/331-1924. Subscriptions: Tucson, Arizona $25/yr, $45!2 yrs; $60(3 yrs. Foreign subscrip­ Each issue of reviewed by the Herb ally report on herbs as cures for dis- tions, please add $10 per year. HtrbalGramis © 1992 American Botanical Council. ISSN #0899- Research Foundation Professional Advisory Board 5648. prior to publication. Page 4 - Herba/Gram No. 26- 1992 NUIIBEA28 HERBAIGRAM WINTER1112 The Education Publication of the American Botanical Council and the Herb Research Foundation This issue of HerbalGram is FEATURES printed on recycled paper. Herbal Cure for the Greenhouse Effeet1 ••••••••••••••••••.•••••• t 4 Author Geor • PriiOS clsrusses Vernonia ga/anensis, a 'Mled whrpromises benefits in the battle againsl air pollumn The EverlastlnQ Mistletc;,e ................................................. t 6 Dr.lnci A. Bowman reviews the medidnal history of a plant rid! in folklore On the cover: "lntiation Rites of the Lost Tribe #1" (32" X 24" x 3") by Ri­ chard Solomon. Story on page 28. Contro.erslal Natural Sweetener ..••.......•.............•...•.•.•.. 22 AHPA Petimns FDA to Appvve Stevia Leaf Sweetener The HeaUne Art of Richard Solomon .•........•.................. 21 DEPARTMENTS Apicture story on art formed purely from naturm proWcls and its healilg quality Herb Blurbs .......................................... 6 Media Watch ......................................... 8 Traditional Chinese Medicine .......................................... 54 Dr. AIJert Leung reviews two simple, but interesling, remedes l'eJXIrled from China ~and ll~ulatory ........................ 2t llesearch llevlews ............................. 24 Center for the Technoloefcal Development Marllet lleport .................................... 40 of Natural Producu •......................................................... 36 Conference llepoct ............................ 43 Groundlreakilg ceremony for a forv.ud-looking resecrch footty Potpourri ............................................ 44 Calendar ............................................. 46 In Mem orlam ..................................................................... 5 a Access ................................................. 47 Honoring five major rontrbrto~ to ootanial research and unOOrslardng Boolllleviews ..................................... 48 Pros and Cons ..•..•.••••••••••••••••........................•.............•....• 56 Classifieds .......................................... 58 Regarding the AHPA Botanmlnfealelll Review proposm Summary of Back Issues .•••.•••.••••••.. 60 HERB BLURBS cayenne and Cluster Headache Cluster headaches are more painful than mi­ graines, affecting men more than women. The attacks last 30 to 45 minutes, can occur several times per day and last for weeks or months. At an International Heada:heCongressin Washington, D.C. (July, 1991) 1,000 headache researchers from 43 countries heard about some of the latest research, including pressor­ ized oxygen, bright lights, and cayenne extract The active ingredient in cayenne or red pepper (Capsicum spp.) is an oil-based compound called capsaicin. This chemical has made news recently as a new topical application for shingles caused by the herpes zoster virus. Now one study indicates that cluster headache sufferers got significant relief when a capsaicin solution was applied to the nostrils on the same side of the head as the headache. There was no relief when the capsaicin was applied to the other nostril only. Capsaicin apparently works by depleting "Substance P," a pain transmitter in the central ner­ vous system. One of the presentations at the conference noted that the temples of headache sufferers indicate a heat
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