2014 Korea Press

2014 YEARBOOK The Korea Press Publisher Kim Byungho Editor in Chief Kim Sungsoo Managing Editor Lee Sangki Tel 82-2-2001-7753 Email [email protected] Translated by Yang Sungjin(Editor of the National Desk at The Korea Herald) Copyedited by Elaine Ramirez(Copy Editor at The Korea Herald) Chung Yongkuk(Professor, Dept. of Journalism & Mass Communication, Dongguk Univ.) Published by Korea Press Foundation www.kpf.or.kr Korea Press Foundation 12-15F., Korea Press Center 124 Sejong-daero, Jung-gu, Seoul, Korea First Edition December 2014 Copyright © 2014 by Korea Press Foundation Designed by Nine Communication ISBN 978-89-5711-376-9 Contents Chapter 1. 2013/2014 Korean Media Overview … 04 Chapter 2. Media Market … 22 Chapter 3. Media Workers … 30 Chapter 4. Print Newspaper Market … 40 Chapter 5. Broadcasting Market … 44 Chapter 6. Internet Newspaper Market … 56 Chapter 7. Media Audience : Pattern and Evaluation … 62 Chapter 8. Current Situation of Newspaper Industry Support … 74 Appendix 1. Overseas Branches of the Korean Media … 76 Appendix 2. Korean Correspondents Overseas … 78 Appendix 3. Foreign Correspondents in Korea … 83 Appendix 4. Directory … 90 Chapter 1 2013/2014 Korean Media Overview • Newspaper Last year, 42.6 percent of survey participants visited the print newspapers’ websites to read their online news, marking a solid increase from Increasing News Consumption on 28.1 percent in 2011 and 36.6 percent in 2012. Mobile Internet These results suggest that the overall newspaper reader base remains little changed, but a growing According to the 2013 Audience Research Re- number of readers are adopting the Internet as a port published by the Korea Press Foundation, key outlet to read news. the number of people reading the print versions More noticeable is the change of routes that of newspapers declined, but the combined news- people use to read online news. According to the paper readership of both the print and online survey results on which platforms people use to versions stood at 76.4 percent. This figure means read news provided by newspaper companies, that 76.4 percent of South Korea’s news consum- mobile devices (smartphones, tablet PCs) ac- ers read news articles through either the print counted for 55.3 percent, outpacing fixed devices version or the websites run by media companies. (desktop and laptop computers), whose share The combined readership has remained large- was 50.7 percent. The mobile device proportion ly unchanged in the past three years (76.5 per- jumped by 35.8 percentage points and 7.9 percent in 2011, 77.6 percent in 2012 and 76.4 percentage points from 2011 and 2012, respectively, cent in 2013). The underlying significance of the while the fixed device ratio went down by 0.8 readership figure, however, should be examined percentage point and 6.7 percentage points dur- against the backdrop of a shrinking subscriber ing the cited period. base of print newspapers. The survey on which platforms respondents used to read news in the Print Newspaper Readership Rate past seven days indicates that the number of print Drops; Top Three Papers Control newspaper readers went down, but the number of More than 50 Percent of Market Internet-based newspaper readers went up. Share The 2013 survey, for instance, showed that 11.0 percent of participants said they read only The subscription and readership rates of print print newspapers in the past week, down from newspapers continued to decline in 2013, and the 19.4 percent in 2011 and 14.6 percent in 2012. shrinking pace of the newspaper readership rate 4 Chapter1. 2013/2014 Korean Media Overview was more noticeable (2013 Audience Research The results showed that the influence of print Report published by the Korea Press Founda- newspapers came in at 13.9 percent. But there tion, 2013). The newspaper subscription rate were stark differences among age groups. For stood at 20.4 percent in 2013, down 4.3 percent- those in their 30s and younger, print newspapers age points from a year earlier. The newspaper lagged behind broadcast and the Internet. But readership rate, meanwhile, dropped at a faster for those in their 50s, newspapers carved up a clip, logging 33.8 percent in 2013, a decrease of respectable 19.7 percent share while the Internet 7.1 percentage points from 2012. Sex, age and accounted for 21.1 percent. For those in their income turned out to be key factors linked to 60s, newspapers were the dominant player with the newspaper subscription and readership rates. a 17.5 percent share, outpacing the Internet (8.8 Print newspaper readers tend to be male, older, percent) by a wide margin. wealthier and politically conservative. The only As for the media’s impact on shaping public exception was that the newspaper subscription opinions, newspapers ranked third after broad- and readership rates of those in their 60s were cast and the Internet. Among respondents, 56.6 lower than the figures of those in their 40s and percent said newspapers exercise a “very strong 50s. impact” and “largely noticeable impact,” while In a survey on the 2013 share of readership, the figures for broadcast and the Internet were at Chosun Ilbo topped the rankings with 22.0 per- 92.8 percent and 67.1 percent, respectively. On a cent, followed by JoongAng Ilbo (14.8 percent), scale of 1 to 5, newspapers got 3.54 points, lower Dong-A Ilbo (13.4 percent), Maeil Business than broadcast (4.46 points), mobile Internet Newspaper (4.7 percent), Hankyoreh (4.0 per- (3.73 points) and fixed Internet (3.70 points). cent), Kyunghyang Daily News (3.9 percent), Hankook Ilbo (2.5 percent), Kukmin Daily (2.5 Newspaper Revenues Down in Both percent), Busan Ilbo (2.4 percent) and IS Ilgan 2012 and 2013 Sports (2.3 percent). The so-called Big Three -- Chosun, JoongAng and Dong-A -- retained their As of Dec. 31, 2012, among the media registered leadership with their combined share surpassing with local government and agencies, the number 50 percent. of print newspapers and Internet newspapers which publish their news regularly stood at 1,418 Newspapers’ Influence on Public and 1,806, respectively. The Korea Press Foun- Opinion Lags Far Behind TV and the dation published the 2013 Annual Reports on Internet Newspaper Industry based on a survey on 1,028 print newspapers and 1,082 Internet newspapers The 2013 Audience Research Report also at- between June 19 and Aug. 30, 2013. The survey tempted to identify the influence of newspapers results show that the combined revenue of news- by asking respondents which media they rely on papers reached 3.7 trillion won in 2012, down 6.5 and are influenced by to get information about percent from 2011. and make value judgments on political, eco- The newspaper revenues were divided into nomic and social agendas as well as daily issues. five major categories. The advertisement revenue 5 of print newspapers made up the biggest share of actively contribute to the production of news, 48.8 percent (57.2 percent for daily newspapers going beyond the stage of suggesting story ideas. and 46.9 percent for weekly newspapers), fol- South Korea’s representative crowdsourcing lowed by value-added and additional business journalism has been spearheaded by Hankyoreh. (24.3 percent), print newspaper sales (17.7 per- Hankyoreh kicked off a project aimed at retriev- cent), Internet advertising revenue (7.1 percent), ing the hidden assets of former president Chun Internet content revenue (1.6 percent) and Inter- Doo-hwan. With the legal deadline approaching, net content resale revenue (0.5 percent). the newspaper attempted to discover Chun’s hid- Meanwhile, 35 print newspapers, which sub- den assets that should be returned to the national mit their audit reports to the Financial Supervi- coffers. On May 20, 2013, Hankyoreh started sory Service, generated a combined revenue of the “Don’t forget Chun Doo-hwan Dictionary 2.4 trillion won in 2013, down 4.2 percent from 1.0” and provided a list of names of people in- 2012. During the cited period, the revenues of volved in the formation of Chun’s slush funds, national, sports and free newspapers went down together with other lists including the names of by 4.16 percentage points, 27.97 percentage his relatives and catalogue of assets and golf points and 49.18 percentage points, respectively. clubs he allegedly runs. In addition, Newstapa In contrast, regional newspapers saw their rev- launched a tax safe haven project with the Inter- enues edge up by 2.0 percentage points. Busi- national Consortium of Investigative Journalists ness and IT newspapers also witnessed a slight in 2013, showcasing the advantages of crowd- increase in revenue by 0.86 percentage point and sourcing. 0.14 percentage point. • Collaborative Journalism Changes in Journalism: Crowdsourcing and Collaborative Journalism JoongAng Ilbo and Hankyoreh started a new section called “Into the Editorial” on May 21, • Crowdsourcing Journalism 2013, comparing and contrasting their editori- als. This weekly section, which is published Crowdsourcing is a portmanteau of “crowd” and every Tuesday in both papers, marked the first- “outsourcing.” This term refers to the process ever collaborative attempt by Korean media. of obtaining needed information and knowledge The collaborative section provides two editori- by soliciting contributions from a large group als from JoongAng and Hankyoreh on a single of people. In recent years, crowdsourcing jour- topic, offering a venue in which young readers nalism is getting more attention in the media can compare the different views and discuss industry as it utilizes the power of “collective the issue in order to get a balanced perspective. intelligence.” Crowdsourcing journalism gained Instead of staff reporters, four media education momentum on the strength of fast-expanding specialists and high school teachers recom- social media and the rapid penetration of smart- mended by JoongAng and Hankyoreh oversee phones.

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