Tue9:15 Room104 Catching Up with : Beginners' Basics Shawn Henry ▪ AccessU 2018

Putting Accessibility into Perspective

People perspective: Glenda Watson Hyatt, Carl Activity: Keyboard only, no mouse . Put away mouse; cover touchpad . Tab through website navigation It's not about your ability or , it's about the design! Video: A world made for think about accessibility differently accessibility is not about a checklist, accessibility is about people People perspective: John Slatin; screen readers; John B; dynamic Braille devices; me; increased leading/line-height, text size, font; screen magnification; low vision; Tim C; Deaf; Sarah; cognitive… Activity: low vision… straw… tunnel vision. Disabilities: Auditory, Cognitive, Neurological, Physical, Speech, Visual: Blind, Low vision Causes: Congenital condition (born with it), Disease, Illness, Accident, Aging – all of us.

 Introduction to – links to video www.w3.org/WAI/intro/accessibility  Web Accessibility Perspectives: Explore the Impact and Benefits for Everyone videos! www.w3.org/WAI/perspectives/  How People with Disabilities Use the Web www.w3.org/WAI/intro/people-use-web/  Web Content Accessibility and Mobile Web: Making a Website Accessible Both for People with Disabilities and for Mobile Devices www.w3.org/WAI/mobile/overlap  Web Accessibility and Older People: Meeting the Needs of Ageing Web Users www.w3.org/WAI/older-users/

Accessibility Guidelines

. Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 . Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG) 2.0 . User Agent Accessibility Guidelines (UAAG) 2.0  Essential Components of Web Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/intro/components

Accessibility Principles ("POUR" acronym)

. Perceivable information and user interface . Text alternatives for non-text content . Captions and other alternatives for multimedia . Content can be presented in different ways . Content is easier to see and hear

. Operable user interface and navigation . Functionality is available from a keyboard . Users have enough time to read and use the content . Content does not cause seizures . Users can easily navigate, find content, and determine where they are

. Understandable information and user interface . Text is readable and understandable . Content appears and operates in predictable ways . Users are helped to avoid and correct mistakes

. Robust content and reliable interpretation . Content is compatible with current and future user tools

 Accessibility Principles www.w3.org/WAI/intro/people-use-web/principles  WCAG at a Glance www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG20/glance/

Catching Up with Accessibility: Beginners' Basics ▪ Shawn Henry ▪ AccessU 2018 ▪ Page 2 Page Titles

 Page Title in Easy Checks - A First Review of Web Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/eval/preliminary#title

Image Alternatives ("alt text")

Activity: Images in context  Images Tutorial www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/images/  Image text alternatives ("alt text") in Easy Checks - A First Review of Web Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/eval/preliminary#images

Link Text

 Understanding 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context) www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/navigation-mechanisms-refs  Understanding SC 2.4.9 Link Purpose (Link Only) www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/navigation-mechanisms-link

Catching Up with Accessibility: Beginners' Basics ▪ Shawn Henry ▪ AccessU 2018 ▪ Page 3 Page Structure

Activity: Structure mark-up http://www.uwhealth.org/uw-carbone-cancer-center/patient-and-support-services/10308

Catching Up with Accessibility: Beginners' Basics ▪ Shawn Henry ▪ AccessU 2018 ▪ Page 4 Page Structure  Page Structure Tutorial www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/page-structure/  Headings in Easy Checks - A First Review of Web Accessibility http://www.w3.org/WAI/eval/preliminary#headings

Keyboard Access  Keyboard access and visual focus in Easy Checks - A First Review of Web Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/eval/preliminary#interaction  Understanding Guideline 2.1 Make all functionality available from a keyboard. www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/keyboard-operation  Understanding SC 2.4.3 Focus Order www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/navigation-mechanisms-focus-order

Focus Style  Keyboard access and visual focus in Easy Checks - A First Review of Web Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/eval/preliminary#interaction

Text Format  Understanding SC 1.4.8 Visual Presentation www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/visual-audio-contrast-visual-presentation  Text Customization for Readability www.tader.info/

Enable Text Resizing  Resize text in Easy Checks - A First Review of Web Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/eval/preliminary#resize

Catching Up with Accessibility: Beginners' Basics ▪ Shawn Henry ▪ AccessU 2018 ▪ Page 5 Table Markup  Tables Tutorial www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/tables/

Forms Markup  Forms Tutorial www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/forms/  Forms, labels, and errors in Easy Checks - A First Review of Web Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/eval/preliminary#forms

"Color"/Luminosity Contrast Ratio  Contrast ratio ("color contrast") in Easy Checks - A First Review of Web Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/eval/preliminary#contrast

Color Coding

Activity: Color coding and contrast  Understanding SC 1.4.1 Use of Color www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/visual-audio-contrast-without-color

Movement  Understanding SC 2.2.2 Pause, Stop, Hide www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/time-limits-pause  Understanding SC 2.3.1 Three Flashes or Below Threshold www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/seizure-does-not-violate  Understanding SC 2.3.2 Three Flashes www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/seizure-three-times

Catching Up with Accessibility: Beginners' Basics ▪ Shawn Henry ▪ AccessU 2018 ▪ Page 6 Multimedia

 Multimedia (video, audio) alternatives in Easy Checks www.w3.org/WAI/eval/preliminary#media  W3C Multimedia Accessibility FAQ www.w3.org/2008/06/video-notes  Transcripts on the Web: Getting people to your podcasts and videos www.uiaccess.com/transcripts/transcripts_on_the_web.html  Transcription services www.uiaccess.com/transcripts/transcript_services.html

Using WCAG

 Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) Overview www.w3.org/WAI/intro/wcag  The WCAG 2.0 Documents www.w3.org/WAI/intro/wcag20

Catching Up with Accessibility: Beginners' Basics ▪ Shawn Henry ▪ AccessU 2018 ▪ Page 7 Evaluation

 Accessibility Evaluation Resources www.w3.org/WAI/eval/  Easy Checks - A First Review of Web Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/eval/preliminary.html

Integrating Throughout Your Project and Organization

 Involving Users in Web Projects for Better, Easier Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/users/involving  Web Accessibility First Aid: Approaches for Interim Repairs www.w3.org/WAI/impl/improving  Planning and Managing Web Accessibility www.w3.org/WAI/impl/

Lots More!  Tips for Getting Started with Web Accessibility These tips introduce some basic considerations for making your website more accessible to people with disabilities, and provide links to additional guidance. www.w3.org/WAI/gettingstarted/tips/  Designing for Web Accessibility: Tips for user interface and visual design  Writing for Web Accessibility: Tips for writing and presenting content  Developing for Web Accessibility: Tips for markup and coding  W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) www.w3.org/WAI/

Catching Up with Accessibility: Beginners' Basics ▪ Shawn Henry ▪ AccessU 2018 ▪ Page 8