DOCSLIB.ORG

GEF Project: Novel Forms of Livestock and Wildlife Integration Adjacent to Protected Areas in Africa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
GEF Project: Novel Forms of Livestock and Wildlife Integration Adjacent to Protected Areas in Africa GEF Project: Novel forms of livestock and wildlife integration adjacent to protected areas in Africa GCP/URT/124/WBG Socio Economic Baseline Survey Descriptive analysis 2005 – 2006 Lolkisale, Naitolya and Loiborsoit A villages Monduli and Simanjiro Districts Manyara and Arusha Regions Vincent Castel Executive summary...........................................................................................................................3 1. Introduction...............................................................................................................................7 2. Overview of the study area.......................................................................................................9 2.1. Location of the study area and perceived trends .............................................................9 2.2. Lolkisale.........................................................................................................................10 2.3. Naitolya..........................................................................................................................11 2.4. Loiborsoit.‘A’ ..................................................................................................................12 3. Data collection Process..........................................................................................................17 3.1. Selection of the Households interviewed.......................................................................17 3.2. Questionnaire ................................................................................................................17 3.3. Enumerators ..................................................................................................................19 3.4. Data entry – analysis .....................................................................................................19 4. Background information on the households sampled and the respondents ...........................21 4.1. Participation Ratio..........................................................................................................21 4.2. Sub-villages surveyed....................................................................................................21 4.3. Characteristics of the respondent ..................................................................................21 4.4. Main occupation of the respondent................................................................................22 5. History of the households.......................................................................................................24 5.1. Registration of the household by the authorities............................................................24 5.2. Origin of the households................................................................................................24 5.3. Date of immigration........................................................................................................24 6. Structure of the households....................................................................................................27 6.1. Characteristics of the heads of the household...............................................................27 6.2. Connection of the households to the decision making process .....................................29 6.3. Occupation of the head of the households ....................................................................29 6.4. Village of birth of the HHHs............................................................................................31 6.5. Size of the households ..................................................................................................32 6.6. Composition of the total population surveyed: ...............................................................34 6.7. Education.......................................................................................................................34 6.8. Main occupation of the HH Members.............................................................................35 6.9. Village of birth of the population.....................................................................................36 7. Land Ownership .....................................................................................................................37 7.1. Land owned by the household.......................................................................................37 7.2. Land use........................................................................................................................40 7.3. Fencing..........................................................................................................................40 7.4. Land acquisition.............................................................................................................42 7.5. Mode of acquisition........................................................................................................44 7.6. Land rental.....................................................................................................................44 7.7. Land price......................................................................................................................45 7.8. Land sale.......................................................................................................................45 7.9. Future land acquisition...................................................................................................46 8. Livestock Production ..............................................................................................................47 8.1. Livestock holding ...........................................................................................................47 8.2. Herding..........................................................................................................................49 8.3. Herd dynamic and management....................................................................................49 8.4. Breeding ........................................................................................................................59 8.5. Milk production...............................................................................................................60 1 8.6. Poultry production..........................................................................................................62 8.7. Hides and skins .............................................................................................................64 8.8. Manure collection...........................................................................................................65 8.9. Honey production...........................................................................................................65 8.10. Feeding and feed production.....................................................................................66 8.11. Use of inputs .............................................................................................................66 8.12. Labor input ................................................................................................................67 9. Crop Production .....................................................................................................................69 9.1. Development of crop production....................................................................................69 9.2. Type of crop produced...................................................................................................71 9.3. Maize production and productivity .................................................................................73 9.4. Beans production and productivity.................................................................................73 9.5. Green Gram production and productivity .......................................................................74 9.6. Other crops....................................................................................................................76 9.7. Use of the yield..............................................................................................................76 9.8. Crop marketing ..............................................................................................................77 9.9. Crop scarcity..................................................................................................................80 9.10. Gifts...........................................................................................................................82 9.11. Technology and use of inputs....................................................................................83 9.12. Labour .......................................................................................................................85 10. Off-farm income .................................................................................................................87 11. Water management............................................................................................................89 11.1. Private water resources.............................................................................................89 11.2. Water and livestock production .................................................................................89 12. Access to facilities..............................................................................................................92
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Socio-Economic Contribution of Pastoralism As A
    SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS OF PASTORALISM AS A LIVELIHOOD SYSTEM IN TANZANIA: CASE OF SELECTED PASTORAL DISTRICTS IN ARUSHA, MANYARA AND DAR ES SALAAM REGIONS PINGO’s Forum ©2016 ISBN: 978-9976-89-624-4 Cover Photo: Elie Chansa Pastoralists Indigenous Non-Governmental Organization’s Forum 1 Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................................................................................................3 1.0: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT PASTORALISM ........................................5 2.0: STUDY’S AIM, METHODOLOGY AND APPROACHES ..................................................................................7 2.1 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY ...................................................................................................................... 7 3.0:2.2 CURRENTSTUDY M ETHODOLOGYSITUATION OF ANDPASTORALISMAPPROACHES................................................................................................................................................................................................................78 3.1 PASTORALISTS ETHNICITIES AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS.......................................................................... 8 4.0:3.2 IMPLICATIONSLIVESTOCK POPULATION OF THE LIVESTOCK................................ REGULATORY................................FRAMEWORKS................................ ON TRADIT................................IONAL ........... 9 PASTORALISM...........................................................................................................................................................12
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Sulumo, DJ
    Van Hall Larenstein, University of Applied Science Assessing peer educators Competencies in Mitigating AIDS impacts The case of MVIWATA Monduli A Research project Submitted to Larenstein University of Applied Sciences in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master in Management of Development, Specialization in Rural Development and HIV/AIDS Damian James Sulumo September 2010 Wageningen The Netherlands © Copyright, Damian James Sulumo, 2010. All rights reserved ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The work of this nature would not have been possible without the considerable support from a number of individuals. It is my pleasure to acknowledge their support. I thank ALMIGHTY GOD for giving me chance and enabling me to perform this work Glory to GOD. I thank God for giving me courage, strength, and grace during my study in the Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences, Wageningen the Netherlands. I thank the Agriterra for awarding me a fellowship and the Government of Tanzania, MVIWATA Monduli for allowing me to study in the Netherlands. I sincerely thank my supervisor, Koos Kingma for suggestions; views, opinions and guidance throughout the period of doing this study were of paramount significance. The support in terms of professional inputs provided by her remains a permanent asset for undertaking other professional work in future. My unreserved gratitude goes to all lecturers in the MOD course for their important advice and encouragement during my study and in development of my research proposal and research report. Thanks for the entire Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences for their support, I will always appreciate the excellent moments we have had together.
    [Show full text]
  • Calculation of Front Loading for Longido District Council
    Fostering Accountability Sub-National (Local Government) PEFA Assessment in Tanzania Longido District Council –Final Report July 2016 Table of Contents Contents Acronyms 4 1. Summary Assessment 7 1.1. Overview of Ratings 7 1.2. Context of the Assessment- Data Issues 8 1.3. Integrated Assessment of PFM performance 8 1.4.AssessmentoftheImpactofPFMweaknesses 14 1.5. Prospects for Reform Planning and Implementation 15 2. Introduction 16 2.1. Objectives 16 2.2.ProcessofPreparingtheReport 17 2.3. Scope of the Assignment and Rationale for Sample 19 2.4. Dependency of Longido DC on the Central Government 20 3. Country Background 22 3.1. Country Economic Situation 22 3.2.BudgetaryOutcomes 25 3.3. Legal and Institutional Framework for Public Financial Management 26 4. LGA Background Information 35 4.1.EconomicSituation 35 4.2. Institutional Structure of LGA 36 4.3. Fiscal performance of LGA 38 5. Assessment of the PFM Systems, Processes and Institutions 40 5.1. Predictability of Central Transfers 40 5.2. PFM-out-turns: Budget credibility 43 5.3. Key Cross-Cutting Issues: Comprehensiveness and Transparency 48 5.4.BudgetCycle 60 5.5.DonorPractices 114 6. Government Reform Process 115 6.1. Recent and On-going Reforms 115 6.2. Institutional Factors Supporting Reform Planning and Implementation 117 Annexure.1 DataIssues 120 Annexure.2 Mapping of Key Weaknesses 121 Annexure.3 Disclosure of the Quality Assurance Mechanism 123 Annexure.4 Scoring Methodology under the PEFA Assessment Framework 126 Table of Contents Annexure.5 Organizational Structure of
    [Show full text]
  • Final TZ Report 28-8-06
    FINAL REPORT FINAL REPORT TIE of theTanzania National Programme for Councillors Training Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms ii Executive Summary iii 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Overview of the Policy Context 1 1.2 Background to the National Programme for Councillors Training 2 1.3 Background to the Training Impact Evaluation (TIE) 3 2 TIE APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 4 2.1 Preparation and Orientation 4 2.2 Data Collection 4 2.3 Analysis and Reporting 5 2.4 Feedback and Reflection 6 2.5 Process Challenges and Mitigation 6 2.6 The team and acknowledgement 8 3 PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF FINDINGS 9 3.1 Analysis of the Pre-Training Activities 9 3.1.1 Capacity needs assessment process 9 3.1.2 Capacity Needs Identified 10 3.2 Analysis of the Scope and Training Processes 11 3.2.1 Content issues 11 3.2.2 Process/Mechanics issues 14 3.2.3 Organisational and logistical support 22 3.3 Analysis of Impact on Individual Learning 24 3.3.1 Analysis of objectives 24 3.3.2 Analysis of the acquisition of knowledge and skills 24 3.4 Impact on Job Behaviour, Organisation and Human Settlements 25 3.4.1 Adherence to legal provisions and procedures 25 3.4.2 Roles and responsibilities in relation to leadership and management 27 3.4.3 Role of councillors in service delivery 31 3.4.4 Roles in management and control of LG finances 31 3.4.5 Crosscutting Issues 32 4 SUMMARY OF LESSONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 35 4.1 Improving the Next Round of Councillor Training in Tanzania 35 4.2 Institutionalising Training: Lessons from the Councillors Training 38 4.3 Overall Assessment
    [Show full text]
  • Family Fortunes Analysis of Changing Livelihoods in Maasailand Final Report
    Family Fortunes Analysis of changing livelihoods in Maasailand Final report - Project ZC0275 DFID Livestock Production Programme K. Cochrane, D. Nkedianye, E. Partoip, S. Sumare, S. Kiruswa, D. Kaelo, L. Onetu, M. Nesele, M. Said, K. Homewood, P. Trench, R. S. Reid and M. Herrero DFID LPP Project ZC0275 Family Fortunes Analysis of Changing Livelihoods in Maasailand K. Cochrane1, D. Nkedianye1, E. Partoip1, S. Sumare1, S. Kiruswa1, D. Kaelo1, L. Onetu1, M. Nesele1, M. Said1, K. Homewood1,2, P. Trench1,2, R. S. Reid1 and M. Herrero1,3 1International Livestock Research Institute, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya 2Department of Anthropology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK 3School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, Scotland © International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya © Livestock Production Programme, DFID, United Kingdom Disclaimer: This document is an output of Project ZC0275 funded by the Livestock Production Programme of the Department for International Development (LPP – DFID) of the British Government. The views expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the authors and may not represent the views of the donor. Correct Citation: Cochrane, K., Nkedianye, D., Partoip, E., Sumare, S., Kiruswa, S., Kaelo, D., Onetu, L., Nesele, M., Said, M., Homewood, K., Trench, P., Reid, R.S., and Herrero, M. 2005. Family Fortunes: Analysis of Changing Livelihoods in Maasailand. Final Project Report ZC0275. Livestock Production Programme. Department for International Development, United Kingdom. 261 pages For more information: Dr. Mario Herrero. International Livestock Research Institute, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya. [email protected] 2 DFID LPP Project ZC0275 I.
    [Show full text]
  • Village Reports for Engaruka, Migombani, Naitolia, and Selela in Monduli District
    The Whole Village Project Village Reports for Engaruka, Migombani, Naitolia, and Selela in Monduli District July 2010 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The village surveys conducted in Monduli District, Tanzania in 2009 were a success due to the efforts and contributions of local government officials, organizations, and individuals, not the least of whom are the community members themselves. We would like to specifically acknowledge the participation and partnership of Savannas Forever Tanzania, National Institute of Medical Research (NIMR), and Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI) in the implementation of the village- level quantitative and qualitative surveys in Tanzania in particular: Majory Kaziya, Fenela Msangi, Edward Sandet, Felix Adolf, David Mollel, Glory Aseri, Jovit Felix, Esupat Kimirei, Rose Muro, Pendo Samson, Steven Temu and Gerald Mollel. Savannas Forever Tanzania designed the surveys with technical assistance from Monique Borgerhoff Mulder from the University of California-Davis; Kari Hartwig and Deborah Levison, both from the University of Minnesota; and Esther Ngadaya from NIMR. The survey would not have been possible without the hard work and commitment of the survey team, including supervisors, interviewers, and data analyzers, in Tanzania and Minnesota, USA. Thank you to the staff from Savannas Forever Tanzania, NIMR, and Selian Hospital for collecting the survey data; thank you to Jennifer Simmelink and Hilary Caldis at the University of Minnesota for data analysis; and thank you to Kari Hartwig, Matt Sobek, and Joe Ritter from the University of Minnesota, for providing supervision during the process. We extend a special thank you to the district and village leaders who granted us permission to collect data in their catchment areas, and those who participated in the surveys, including elected officials, school headmasters, clinic staff and extension workers, and community members.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the State of Pastoralists' Human Rights in Tanzania
    REPORT ON THE STATE OF PASTORALISTS’ HUMAN RIGHTS IN TANZANIA: SURVEY OF TEN DISTRICTS OF TANZANIA MAINLAND 2010/2011 [Area Surveyed: Handeni, Kilindi, Bagamoyo, Kibaha, Iringa-Rural, Morogoro, Mvomero, Kilosa, Mbarali and Kiteto Districts] Cover Picture: Maasai warriors dancing at the initiation ceremony of Mr. Kipulelia Kadege’s children in Handeni District, Tanga Region, April 2006. PAICODEO Tanzania Funded By: IWGIA, Denmark 1 REPORT ON THE STATE OF PASTORALISTS’ HUMAN RIGHTS IN TANZANIA: SURVEY OF TEN DISTRICTS OF TANZANIA MAINLAND 2010/2011 [Area Surveyed: Handeni, Kilindi, Bagamoyo, Kibaha, Iringa-Rural, Morogoro-Rural, Mvomero, Kilosa, Mbarali and Kiteto Districts] PARAKUIYO PASTORALISTS INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION-(PAICODEO) Funded By: IWGIA, Denmark i REPORT ON THE STATE OF PASTORALISTS’ RIGHTS IN TANZANIA: SURVEY OF TEN DISTRICTS OF TANZANIA MAINLAND 2010/2011 Researchers Legal and Development Consultants Limited (LEDECO Advocates) Writer Adv. Clarence KIPOBOTA (Advocate of the High Court) Publisher Parakuiyo Pastoralists Indigenous Community Development Organization © PAICODEO March, 2013 ISBN: 978-9987-9726-1-6 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... vii FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................viii Legal Status and Objectives of PAICODEO ...........................................................viii Vision ......................................................................................................................viii
    [Show full text]
  • Global Environmental Governance and Community-Based Conservation in Kenya and Tanzania
    Global Environmental Governance and Community-Based Conservation in Kenya and Tanzania Ngeta Kabiri A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Political Science. Chapel Hill 2007 Approved by Advisor: Catharine Newbury Reader: Susan Bickford Reader: Arturo Escobar Reader: Stephen Leonard Reader: Julius Nyang’oro © 2007 Ngeta Kabiri ii ABSTRACT Ngeta Kabiri Global Environmental Governance and Community-Based Conservation in Kenya and Tanzania (Under the direction of Catharine Newbury) This study examines the possibilities of executing Community-Based Conservation (CBC) as a viable environmental governance regime. It focuses on the contestations over access and control of natural resources with specific reference to wildlife. These contestations emanate from competing claims over natural resources between the state and the local communities. The study frames these contestations within the context of a property rights paradigm. It inquires as to whether the state in Africa, as presently constituted, can devolve authority over national natural resource control to communities so as to engender a private property right consciousness that the CBC model is premised on. The study contends that African states as they currently exist are unlikely to devolve property rights to local communities in a way that would induce a private property right consciousness. It demonstrates that the interests of the African state in the distributional gains from national natural resources are perhaps too vested for it to devolve power if that devolution would cost it control of these resources. Moreover, there is the factor of the social forces that the state is embedded in and this complicates both its willingness and capacity to devolve wildlife property rights to local communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Lake Natron Soda Ash Draft ESIA
    Chapter 3 - Lake Natron Soda Ash ESIA 3 - 6 The Act has wide ranging powers; of direct relevance to this EIA are the following Sections: • Section 47-49 allows for the proclamation of environmental planning areas which would be managed by the Environmental Council and for which an environmental management plan would be prepared. • Section 51 allows for the minister to declare an Environmentally Sensitive Area. • Section 56 allows for the declaration of an area as a protected wetland. • Sections 106 – 113 state that it is an offence to emit pollutants, emit noise or discharges in excess of the standards prescribed. • Section 141 requires any person undertaking an activity to comply to environmental standards and criteria. • Section 151 allows the Council to require any person to reinstate the environment to a state as near to the original as possible. • Section 178 ensures the public right to environmental information and to participate in decision making. 3.3.2 Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines and Audit Regulations (2005) The guidelines provide the legislative framework for the impact assessment process from screening of project to review. Report format and qualifications of parties to conduct an ESIA are well elaborated. 3.3.3 Wildlife Conservation Act (1974) The principal legislation governing wildlife utilization in Tanzania is the Wildlife Conservation Act of 1974. This Act provides the Director of Wildlife with powers to oversee the overall management of wildlife in the country. The Director is in charge of game reserves, game conservation areas, and open lands, while the Tanzania National Parks Authority (TANAPA) is in charge of the national parks (Lawyers' Environmental Action Team (LEAT).
    [Show full text]
  • Land Policy and the Maasai in Tanzania: the Demise of Pastoralism?
    Land Policy and the Maasai in Tanzania: The Demise of Pastoralism? A Research Paper presented by: LILIAN JOSEPH LOOLOITAI Tanzania in partial fulfillment of the requirements for obtaining the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Major: Agrarian and Environmental Studies AES Members of the Examining Committee: Professor Dr. Max Spoor Dr. Mindi Schneider The Hague, The Netherlands December 2014 ii Dedication This paper is dedicated to my family and to the entire Maasai community in Tanzania who need my full commitment and determination to serve them as long as I live. iii Acknowledgements This research paper is the outcome of a reflection process based on personal experience, contribution from many people and different support from the fieldwork as well as intensive reading of the works of a substantial number of authors who are listed in the references. My greatest debt is to my supervisor, Professor Dr. Max Spoor, who has given me a boundless support and guidance. Continuously you shaped my thoughts tirelessly away from my wild ideas. You are an inspirational professor and I shall cherish knowing you. Dr. Mindi, thank you for being my second reader, for sure, you have guided and given me constructive and critical com- ments that have shaped my ideas in this paper. I must also thank my fellow classmate Nick Bourguignon, who accepted to be my discussant from the be- ginning up to the end of this interesting journey. I appreciate deeply by show- ing the interest of listening on the issues of pastoralists, who are globally less recognized in all aspects of political economy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impacts of Maasai Settlement on Land Cover, Meteorological Conditions and Wind Erosion Risk in Northern Tanzania
    The impacts of Maasai settlement on land cover, meteorological conditions and wind erosion risk in northern Tanzania H.A.J. van den Bergh The impacts of Maasai settlement on land cover, meteorological conditions and wind erosion risk in northern Tanzania MSc Thesis 09-2016 Author: Harry A.J. van den Bergh Student number: 3617114 E-mail: [email protected] First supervisor: Geert Sterk Second supervisor: Maarten Zeylmans van Emmichoven MSc Programme: Earth Surface and Water Department of Physical Geography Faculty of Geosciences Utrecht University Abstract Many land cover changes took place in northern Tanzania in the last decades. These land cover changes were determined using satellite images. The causes and consequences of the land cover changes were determined using literature and field data from interviews. It turned out that the Maasai, an ethnic group of pastoralists living in northern Tanzania, started to settle in the 1970s, because of governmental policies, population growth, climate change, cultural shift or a combination of these factors. When settled the Maasai started to adopt crop cultivation next to their traditional pastoralism. In order to do this, they had to clear the traditional vegetation. This land clearance has consequences for the wind speed and wind erosion risk. The latter two were estimated using a model with input data from both field plots and scenarios. It turned out that the erosion risk becomes high after clearance, since trees are very important in wind reduction and shrubs are very important in covering the soil surface and preventing particle entrainment. Table of contents 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mind the Gap’: Reconnecting Local Actions and Multi-Level Policies to Bridge the Governance Gap
    land Article ‘Mind the Gap’: Reconnecting Local Actions and Multi-Level Policies to Bridge the Governance Gap. An Example of Soil Erosion Action from East Africa Claire Kelly 1,* , Maarten Wynants 1 , Linus K. Munishi 2, Mona Nasseri 3, Aloyce Patrick 2 , Kelvin M. Mtei 2, Francis Mkilema 2 , Anna Rabinovich 4, David Gilvear 1, Geoff Wilson 1, William Blake 1 and Patrick A. Ndakidemi 2 1 School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK; [email protected] (M.W.); [email protected] (D.G.); geoff[email protected] (G.W.); [email protected] (W.B.) 2 Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha P.O.Box 447, Tanzania; [email protected] (L.K.M.); [email protected] (A.P.); [email protected] (K.M.M.); [email protected] (F.M.); [email protected] (P.A.N.) 3 Faculty of Ecological Design Thinking, Schumacher College, Totnes TQ9 6EA, UK; [email protected] 4 Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 28 August 2020; Accepted: 22 September 2020; Published: 25 September 2020 Abstract: Achieving change to address soil erosion has been a global yet elusive goal for decades. Efforts to implement effective solutions have often fallen short due to a lack of sustained, context-appropriate and multi-disciplinary engagement with the problem. Issues include prevalence of short-term funding for ‘quick-fix’ solutions; a lack of nuanced understandings of institutional, socio-economic or cultural drivers of erosion problems; little community engagement in design and testing solutions; and, critically, a lack of traction in integrating locally designed solutions into policy and institutional processes.
    [Show full text]