PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 20th European Congress of Veterinary Dentistry September 1-3, 2011, Chalkidiki, Greece The ECVD local organising committee (Basilis Psychogios, Serafim Papadimitriou, Theodoros Petanides), the EVDS Board, the EVDC Board and all the participants would like to thank the sponsors of the 20th European Congress of Veterinary Dentistry for their financial support, their help and assistance that helped us to make this meeting a success. Diamond sponsor of the EVDS: Long-term partner of the EVDS: 1 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 EUROPEAN VETERINARY DENTAL SOCIETY UK registered Charity (registration number 1128783) Executive Board President: Jan Schreyer Ahornstraße 42 09112 Chemnitz – Germany Phone: +49 (0) 371/304973 Fax: +49 (0) 371/3674574 E-mail: [email protected] President Elect: Gottfried Morgenegg Postfach 62, Dorfstrasse 70 8912 Obfelden – Switzerland Phone: +41 (0) 44 761 4152 Fax: +41 (0) 44 761 9209 E-mail: [email protected] Secretary: Ines Ott Brueder-Grimm-Str. 3 63450 Hanau, Germany Phone : +49 (0) 6181 22492 Fax : +49 (0) 6181 257176 Email : [email protected] Treasurer (and Past president): Pete Haseler 21 Station Road Studley, Warwickshire, B80 7HR, UK Phone: +44 1527 853 304 Fax: +44 1527 853 688 E-mail: [email protected] Immediate Past President: Jerzy Gawor ul.Chlopska 2a 30-806 Kraków - Poland Phone/FAX: +48 12 6588365 E-mail: [email protected] EVDS web site : http.//www.evds.info Webmaster : David Crossley 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 We thank all the local sponsors of the ECVD Chalkidiki 2011 for their support ! Platinum Sponsor: Wet lab sponsors: Other sponsors : 3 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 5 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 7 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 9 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 Table of content Author Title Page Friday, September 2nd 2011 - Session 1 Paul Theuns, ONF repair, ethiology, location and several 14 Brook Niemiec treatments Peter Southerden A Review of the Principles and Practice of the 19 Surgical Treatment of Oral Cancer Brook A. Niemiec Pathologic Mandibular Fractures 23 Brett Beckman The Use of Composites and Acrylics for Mandibular 25 Fracture Repair in Dogs and Cats Bert Van Thielen New Developments of Cone Beam Computed 30 Tomography and its Potential for Veterinary Dentistry Barbara Möhnle Sense or nonsense of CT scan in veterinary (pets) 34 dentistry Larry Jon Klima A Four Year Perspective on Mobile X-ray 36 Technology: Details on the Handheld Nomad Unit Bert Van Thielen Geometric accuracy of Cone Beam Computed 39 Tomography for Veterinary Dentistry Florian Boutoille Evaluation of Dental Deposits and Periodontal 42 Status in 21 Small Breed Dogs Friday, September 2nd 2011 - Session 2 Alexander Reiter Common Dental and Periodontal Pathology in Dogs 47 and Cats Brook A. Niemiec The Importance of Dental Radiographs 51 Alexander Reiter Common Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology in Dogs 55 and Cats Brook A. Niemiec Dental Radiograph Interpretation I 59 Brook A. Niemiec Dental Radiograph Interpretation II 61 11 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 Author Title Page Ira Luskin Surgical Extractions, Indications, Techniques, and 64 Complications Niina Luotonen The Complete Periodontal Therapy 69 James Anthony Feline Odontoclastic Resorptive Lesions 74 Saturday, September 3rd 2011 - Session 1 Leen Verhaert Developmental Dental Disorders in Dogs 77 Alexander Reiter Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in Dogs and 81 Cats Peter Emily Comparative Conventional Endodontics 83 Paul Theuns The use of rotary files in endodontic treatment 85 Peter Emily Comparative Surgical Endodontics 88 Saskia Hintze An invisible risk - embedded teeth in brachycephalic 90 dogs Jason W. Soukup Achievable convergence angle and the effect of 93 preparation design on the clinical outcome of full veneer crowns in dogs Henriette Booij- Tooth resorption in cats, contribution of vitamin D 98 Vrieling and inflammation João Requicha New biodegradable membrane for periodontal tissue 102 engineering Alexander Reiter Local and Regional Anesthesia in Oral Surgery 106 Paul Theuns The use of neurolept anesthesia and MLK for 108 greater safety for dental patients Saturday, September 3rd 2011 - Session 2 Cecilia Gorrel Disease and Halitosis 112 Serafim How can I manage Examination (Diagnosis) 113 Papadimitriou Peter Emily Halitosis Treatment: Medical and Surgical 115 Management 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 Author Title Page Philippe Baralon Halitosis and Periodontal Disease: a Practice 116 Management Perspective Ayako Okuda Histological Observation of Mandibular Salivary 117 Gland 3 and 6 months After Ligation of the Duct Alexander Reiter EVDC interactive session: Open Discussion of 118 Controversial Issues I + II Brook A. Niemiec Bonded Sealants for Fractured Teeth 119 Saskia Hintze Shortness of breath due to huge retention cysts in a 122 pug Ana Rejec Management of non-resectable oral/pharyngeal 123 Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 2 Dogs João Brandão Epidemiological comparative study of the oral and 126 Rodrigues dental pathology in the Mirandês and Zamorano- Leonês Donkeys, two endangered breeds Thomas Fichtel Treatment of a mandibular canine fracture in two 129 bears: two clinical cases Vladimir Jekl Actinomycosis in a chinchilla 133 Vladimir Jekl Effect of improper dietary mineral content on incisor 136 microstructure of degus Poster Session Paula Gabriela Morphological Study Of Root Surfaces In Teeth With 140 Toriggia Periodontal Disease. Preliminary Results Daniela Marcela Comparison Of Cementum Surface In Teeth Of 143 Saccomanno Dogs and Cats, Using Scanning Electron Microscopy Petr Janalík Nontonsillar squamous cell carcinoma – A 146 malignancy masked as a stomatitis Peter Emily Avian and Reptile Dentistry 149 13 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 Oronasal fistula repair Paul Theuns DVM, Brook A Niemiec DVM Dip AVDC Fellow AVD INTRODUCTION Oro nasal fistulas (ONF) usually result in chronic rhinitis. They can be congenital or acquired. ONF requires surgical treatment in most cases. The numerous techniques that have been published are indicators that ONF surgery is very technique sensitive and that the outcome is not always successful. DIAGNOSIS Small-breed dogs are often affected secondary to periodontal disease. They often have a history of chronic sneezing, snuffling, and nasal discharge. The fistula can be confirmed when blood or irrigating fluid is seen at the ipsilateral external nares after probing or flushing an alveolus. Radiographs are unreliable in ONF diagnosis because of summation of the teeth, sinuses and labial trabecular bone on vertical pockets. ETIOLOGY Oronasal communication can be congenital or acquired. Congenital causes include primary and secondary cleft palate. Primary cleft defects involve the incisive bone and are generally visible externally due to the cleft lip. Secondary cleft palate defects can involve the hard palate, soft palate or both. During fetal development they are caused by failure of the palatal plates of the maxillary processes to fuse with the nasal septum. The primary and secondary defects can also occur together. The congenital defects can be hereditary or due to mechanical or toxic factors during the development of the oral structures. The congenital defects occur most frequently in purebred and brachycephalic breeds. The clinical signs in puppies are nasal discharge, nasal regurgitation and failure to thrive. Aspiration pneumonia is a major complication. Acquired ONF in canines is most commonly seen after loss, avulsion, or exodontia of the maxillary canines, but can be associated with any maxillary tooth. The most common cause of acquired defects between the nasal and the oral cavity is the loss of maxillary bone associated with severe periodontal disease. Other causes include neoplasia; radiation treatment; electrical shock (110V); penetrating wounds; linguoverted maxillary canine(s); and pressure necrosis (as seen with a traumatic malocclusion). The etiology is the same in felines. MATERIALS AND METHODS There are four important principles of palatal surgery: 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY, CHALKIDIKI 2011 1. Know your anatomy. The palantine artery can cause severe and potentially life- threatening hemorrhage. Do not use full thickness flaps over the the palantine fissures. 2. Palates bleed excessively even it you don‘t cut the palantine artery. Hemorrhage control is vital (suction is a must!), 3. Tension-free flaps are necessary to help prevent dehiscence. 4. Dehiscence is quite common and multiple surgeries may be necessary even with the very best surgical technique. Acquired palatal defects: Acquired palatal defects are usually repaired with a single