Developmental Anomalies Affecting the Morphology of Teeth – a Review
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Periodontal Assessment and Treatment Planning Gingival description Color: o pink o erythematous o cyanotic o racial pigmentation o metallic pigmentation o uniformity Contour: o recession o clefts o enlarged papillae o cratered papillae o blunted papillae o highly rolled o bulbous o knife-edged o scalloped o stippled Consistency: o firm o edematous o hyperplastic o fibrotic Band of gingiva: o amount o quality o location o treatability Bleeding tendency: o sulcus base, lining o gingival margins Suppuration Sinus tract formation Pocket depths Pseudopockets Frena Pain Other pathology Dental Description Defective restorations: o overhangs o open contacts o poor contours Fractured cusps 1 ww.links2success.biz [email protected] 914-303-6464 Caries Deposits: o Type . plaque . calculus . stain . matera alba o Location . supragingival . subgingival o Severity . mild . moderate . severe Wear facets Percussion sensitivity Tooth vitality Attrition, erosion, abrasion Occlusal plane level Occlusion findings Furcations Mobility Fremitus Radiographic findings Film dates Crown:root ratio Amount of bone loss o horizontal; vertical o localized; generalized Root length and shape Overhangs Bulbous crowns Fenestrations Dehiscences Tooth resorption Retained root tips Impacted teeth Root proximities Tilted teeth Radiolucencies/opacities Etiologic factors Local: o plaque o calculus o overhangs 2 ww.links2success.biz [email protected] 914-303-6464 o orthodontic apparatus o open margins o open contacts o improper -
The Role of Alpha V Beta 6 Integrin in Enamel Biomineralization
The Role of Alpha v Beta 6 Integrin in Enamel Biomineralization by Leila Mohazab A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF SCIENCE in The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies (Craniofacial Science) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) October 2013 ⃝c Leila Mohazab 2013 Abstract Tooth enamel has the highest degree of biomineralization of all vertebrate hard tissues. During the secretory stage of enamel formation, ameloblasts deposit an extracellular matrix that is in direct contact with ameloblast plasma membrane. Although it is known that integrins mediate cell-matrix adhesion and regulate cell signaling in most cell types, the receptors that reg- ulate ameloblast adhesion and matrix production are not well characterized. Thus, we hypothesized that αvβ6 integrin is expressed in ameloblasts where it regulates biomineralization of enamel. Human and mouse ameloblasts were found to express both β6 integrin mRNA and protein. The maxil- lary incisors of Itgb6-/- mice lacked yellow pigment and their mandibular incisors appeared chalky and rounded. Molars of Itgb6-/- mice showed signs of reduced mineralization and severe attrition. The mineral-to-protein ra- tio in the incisors was significantly reduced in Itgb6-/- enamel, mimicking hypomineralized amelogenesis imperfecta. Interestingly, amelogenin-rich ex- tracellular matrix abnormally accumulated between the ameloblast layer of Itgb6-/- mouse incisors and the forming enamel surface, and also between ameloblasts. This accumulation was related to increased synthesis of amel- ogenin, rather than to reduced removal of the matrix proteins. This was confirmed in cultured ameloblast-like cells, which did not use αvβ6 integrin as an endocytosis receptor for amelogenins, although it participated in cell adhesion on this matrix indirectly via endogenously produced matrix pro- teins. -
Supernumerary Teeth
Volume 22, Number 1, 2009 ISSN 1096-9411 Dental Anthropology A Publication of the Dental Anthropology Association Dental Anthropology Volume 22, Number 1, 2009 Dental Anthropology is the Official Publication of the Dental Anthropology Association. Editor: Edward F. Harris Editorial Board Kurt W. Alt (2004-2009) Richard T. Koritzer (2004-2009) A. M. Haeussler (2004-2009) Helen Liversidge (2004-2009) Tseunehiko Hanihara (2004-2009) Yuji Mizoguchi (2006-2010) Kenneth A. R. Kennedy (2006-2010) Lindsay C. Richards (2006-2010) Jules A. Kieser (2004-2009) Phillip W. Walker (2006-2010) Officers of the Dental Anthropology Association Brian E. Hemphill (California State University, Bakersfield) President (2008-2010) G. Richard Scott (University of Nevada, Reno) President-Elect (2008-2010) Loren R. Lease (Youngstown State University, Ohio) Secretary-Treasurer (2007-2009) Simon W. Hillson (University College London) Past-President (2006-2008) Address for Manuscripts Dr. Edward F. Harris College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee 870 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163 U.S.A. E-mail address: [email protected] Address for Book Reviews Dr. Greg C. Nelson Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon Condon Hall, Eugene, Oregon 97403 U.S.A. E-mail address: [email protected] Published at Craniofacial Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthodontics College of Dentistry, The Health Science Center University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163 U.S.A. The University of Tennessee is an EEO/AA/Title IX/Section 504/ADA employer 1 Strong genetic influence on hypocone expression of permanent maxillary molars in South Australian twins Denice Higgins*, Toby E. Hughes, Helen James, Grant C. Townsend Craniofacial Biology Research Group, School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005 ABSTRACT An understanding of the role of genetic be larger in males although this was not statistically influences on dental traits is important in the areas of significant. -
Academic Affiliate Fellowship Practice Exam: 2019
Academic Affiliate Fellowship Practice Exam: 2019 1 American Academy of Oral Medicine Mock Academic Affiliate Fellowship Examination 2019 Current History: A patient presents to your practice complaining of a “tight” feeling in her perioral tissue area. She is unable to open her mouth fully since the tissues do not stretch. She is also wearing gloves today and the weather is quite warm outside. The dental history from records sent by her previous dental office are more than three years old and she has not been seen by a dentist or hygienist since she moved from her previous city. Medical History: The patient is 57 years old, post-menopausal, she is taking the following medications: Ranitidine 150mg for GERD, 50 mcg Synthroid, calcium 1200 mg., and muti-vitamins. She reports no prior drug 2 American Academy of Oral Medicine Mock Academic Affiliate Fellowship Examination 2019 use, tobacco use and consumes alcohol on a limited basis. Hospital history has been limited to child birth. Oral Exam: The patient reports difficulty in swallowing at times and has limited oral opening of her mouth when eating sandwiches and burgers. The lip tissue appears lighter in color and the texture is smooth but very firm and not as pliable as normal lip tissue. She has some periodontal ligament widening in selected areas and a noted loss of attached gingiva with recession. Extra Oral Exam: Her fingers appear somewhat red at the tips of fingers and cool to touch. She tells you that she wears gloves a lot even in the summer while in air conditioned rooms. -
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Eur opean Rev iew for Med ical and Pharmacol ogical Sci ences 2014; 18: 440-444 Radiographic evaluation of the prevalence of enamel pearls in a sample adult dental population H. ÇOLAK, M.M. HAMIDI, R. UZGUR 1, E. ERCAN, M. TURKAL 1 Department of Restorative Dentistry, Kirikkale University School of Dentistry, Kirikkale, Turkey 1Department of Prosthodontics, Kirikkale University School of Dentistry, Kirikkale, Turkey Abstract. – AIM: Enamel pearls are a tooth One theory of the enamel pearl etiology is that anomaly that can act as contributing factors in the enamel pearls develop as a result of a localized development of periodontal disease. Studies that developmental activity of a remnant of Hertwig’s have addressed the prevalence of enamel pearls in epithelial root sheath which has remained adher - populations were scarce. The purpose of this study 5 was to evaluate the prevalence of enamel pearls in ent to the root surface during root development . the permanent dentition of Turkish dental patients It is believed that cells differentiate into function - by means of panoramic radiographs. ing ameloblasts and produce enamel deposits on PATIENTS AND METHODS: Panoramic radi - the root. The conditions needed for local differ - ographs of 6912 patients were examined for the entiation and functioning of ameloblasts in this presence of enamel pearls. All data (age, sex and ectopic position are not fully understood 6,7 . systemic disease or syndrome) were obtained from the patient files and analyzed for enamel The most common site for enamel pearls is at pearls. Descriptive characteristics of sexes, the cementoenamel junction of multirooted jaws, and dental localization were recorded. -
Radiology in the Diagnosis of Oral Pathology in Children Henry M
PEDIATRICDENTISTRY/Copyright © 1982 by AmericanAcademy of Pedodontics SpecialIssue/Radiology Conference Radiology in the diagnosis of oral pathology in children Henry M. Cherrick, DDS, MSD Introduction As additional information becomes available about that the possibility of caries or pulpal pathology the adverse effects of radiation, it is most important exists. that we review current practices in the use of radio- Pathological conditions excluding caries and pulpal graphs for diagnosis. It should be remembered that pathology, that do occur in the oral cavity in children the radiograph is only a diagnostic aid and rarely can can be classified under the following headings: a definitive diagnosis can be madewith this tool. Rou- 1. Congenital or developmental anomolies; 2. Cysts of tine dental radiographs are often taken as a screening the jaws; 3. Tumors of odontogenic origin; 4. Neo- procedure m frequently this tool is used to replace plasms occurring in bone; 5. Fibro-osseous lesions; 6. good physical examination techniques. A review of Trauma. procedures often employed in the practice of dentistry A good understanding of the clinical signs and reveals that a history is elicited from the patient (usu- symptoms, normal biological behavior, radiographic in- ally by an auxiliary) and then radiographs are taken terpretive data, and treatment of pathological condi- before a physical examination is completed. This tions which occur in the oral cavity will allow us to be sequence should be challenged inasmuch as most moreselective in the use of radiographs for diagnosis. pathologic conditions that occur in the facial bones It is not the purvue of this presentation to cover all present with clinical symptoms. -
Supernumerary Teeth)
Lecture 7 Paediatric Dentistry Dr. Israa Ali “Dental Anomalies” Dental anomalies are malformations or defects affecting teeth. They usually result from either disturbances to teeth development or they could be as result of environmental influences on teeth. Dental anomalies Developmental Environmental Defects in Effects on teeth number tooth structure Defects in Effects on teeth size tooth color Defects in Effects on teeth shape eruption Defects in teeth structure 11/04/2019 1 Developmental anomalies of dentition: Anomalies Anomalies Anomalies Anomalies of of number of size of shape structure Gemination Ameloenesis Hypodontia Fusion Imperfecta (AI) Microdontia Concrescence Accessory cusps Dentinoenesis Oliodontia Imperfecta (DI) Dens invaginatus Ectopic enamel Anodontia Dentin dysplasia Taurodontism Macrodontia Hypercementosis Accessory roots Regional Hyperdontia Odontodysplasia Dilaceration Developmental anomalies in the number of teeth: 1- Hypodontia: It is agenesis of some teeth (fewer than 6 teeth, not including the third molars). It can occur alone (isolated) or it could be associated with syndromes such as Down’s syndrome. It is uncommon in primary teeth. However, the permanent teeth are more likely to be affected with the most commonly affected teeth to be the third molars followed by mandibular second premolars, maxillary lateral incisors, maxillary second premolars, and mandibular central incisors. 2- Oligodontia: It is a term used to describe the developmental absence of more than six permanent teeth. It is also uncommon in primary teeth; and when the permanent 11/04/2019 2 teeth are affected, collapse of the dental arch and drifting of the few present teeth will result due to presence of excess space. Treatment of both hypodontia and oligodontia involve prosthodontic and orthodontic rehabilitation. -
Eruption Abnormalities in Permanent Molars: Differential Diagnosis and Radiographic Exploration
DOI: 10.1051/odfen/2014054 J Dentofacial Anom Orthod 2015;18:403 © The authors Eruption abnormalities in permanent molars: differential diagnosis and radiographic exploration J. Cohen-Lévy1, N. Cohen2 1 Dental surgeon, DFO specialist 2 Dental surgeon ABSTRACT Abnormalities of permanent molar eruption are relatively rare, and particularly difficult to deal with,. Diagnosis is founded mainly on radiographs, the systematic analysis of which is detailed here. Necessary terms such as non-eruption, impaction, embedding, primary failure of eruption and ankylosis are defined and situated in their clinical context, illustrated by typical cases. KEY WORDS Molars, impaction, primary failure of eruption (PFE), dilaceration, ankylosis INTRODUCTION Dental eruption is a complex developmen- at 0.08% for second maxillary molars and tal process during which the dental germ 0.01% for first mandibular molars. More re- moves in a coordinated fashion through cently, considerably higher prevalence rates time and space as it continues the edifica- were reported in retrospective studies based tion of the root; its 3-dimensional pathway on orthodontic consultation records: 2.3% crosses the alveolar bone up to the oral for second molar eruption abnormalities as epithelium to reach its final position in the a whole, comprising 1.5% ectopic eruption, occlusion plane. This local process is regu- 0.2% impaction and 0.6% primary failure of lated by genes expressing in the dental fol- eruption (PFE) (Bondemark and Tsiopa4), and licle, at critical periods following a precise up to 1.36% permanent second molar iim- chronology, bilaterally coordinated with fa- paction according to Cassetta et al.6. cial growth. -
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Folia Morphol. Vol. 76, No. 1, pp. 128–133 DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2016.0046 C A S E R E P O R T Copyright © 2017 Via Medica ISSN 0015–5659 www.fm.viamedica.pl Dens invagination and root dilaceration in double multilobed mesiodentes in 14-year-old patient with anorexia nervosa J. Bagińska1, E. Rodakowska2, Sz. Piszczatowski3, A. Kierklo1, E. Duraj4, J. Konstantynowicz5 1Department of Dentistry Propaedeutics, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland 2Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland 3Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland 4Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland 5Department of Paediatrics and Developmental Disorders, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland [Received: 16 June 2016; Accepted: 1 August 2016] This paper describes a rare case of erupted double supernumerary teeth with unusual morphology in a 14-year-old patient with an eating disorder. The coexi- stence of dental morphological anomalies: multilobed mesiodens, multiple dens in dente of different types and root dilaceration have not been previously reported. The paper highlights anatomical and radiological aspects of dental abnormalities and clinical implications of delayed treatment. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 1: 128–133) Key words: supernumerary teeth, mesiodens, dens in dente, root dilacerations, computed tomography INTRODUCTION The shape of rudimentary mesiodens is mostly There are several dental abnormalities, including conical (peg-shaped, canine-like). Less often the changes in the number of teeth and deformities in crown is complicated with many tubercules (tuber- crown morphology, root formation or pulp cavity culated, lobular-like) or is molariform. A multilobed composition. -
Prevalence of Shape-Related Developmental Dental Anomalies in India: a Retrospective Study Mridula Goswami1, Sakshi Bhardwaj2, Navneet Grewal3
REVIEW ARTICLE Prevalence of Shape-related Developmental Dental Anomalies in India: A Retrospective Study Mridula Goswami1, Sakshi Bhardwaj2, Navneet Grewal3 ABSTRACT Aim and objective: The aim and objective of this study was to review the literature to analyze the prevalence of developmental dental anomalies regarding shape in India. Background: Although there have been several studies investigating the prevalence of individual dental anomalies related to shape, only a few studies considered all subtypes and their distribution among genders, especially in India. Results: An electronic search was made in the PUBMED database to review prevalence-based data on developmental dental anomalies related to shape in India up to December 2018. A diverse range of results regarding prevalence of developmental dental anomalies related to shape were seen in these studies due to vast regional, cultural, and ethnic diversities and various environmental factors affecting the tooth development. Conclusion: There is a necessity to conduct more study on shape-related dental anomalies because there are very limited studies regarding prevalence of concrescence, dilacerations, and accessory root and various associated factors. Clinical significance: Early diagnosis and timely management of these anomalies can prevent complications. The knowledge on identification and prevalence of dental anomalies helps the dental practitioners improve the treatment plan. The prevalence studies can be of utmost importance in the formulation of oral healthcare programs by using their data to analyze the intensity of dental anomalies. Keywords: Developmental dental anomalies, Prevalence, Shape. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry (2020): 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1785 INTRODUCTION 1,2Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Maulana Azad Developmental dental anomalies related to shape are an integral Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India part of dental morphological variations. -
Developmental Disturbances Affecting Teeth
``DR.Khaled Abd El-Salam DEVELO PMENTAL DISTURBANCES AFFECTING TEET DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES AFFECTING TEETH A) DISTURBANCES DURING INTIATION OF TOOTH GERMS Abnormalities in the number A – Reduced number of teeth (ANODONTIA) I – Total anodontia It is a very rare condition Associated with hereditary ectodermal dysplasia II- Partial anodontia It classified into (a- true b- pseudo c- false ) A ) True anodontia : It means absence of teeth fail to develop True anodontia due to : 1. Hereditary factor (Familial), 2. Fever during development. 3. X- ray radiation . N.B. The most affected tooth with true anodontia is the maxillary lateral incisor, mandibular lateral incisor and mandibular cuspids . B) Pseudo anodontia : It means clinical absence of teeth but fail to erupt e.g embedded or impacted teeth C ) False anodontia : It means absence of teeth due to extraction N.P Absence of 1( one) tooth or mores mean (Hypodontia) Absence of 6 (six) tooth or more means (hyperdontia) 1 ``DR.Khaled Abd El-Salam DEVELO PMENTAL DISTURBANCES AFFECTING TEET ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA • It is a hereditary disease which involves all structures which are derived from the ectoderm . • It is characterized by (general manifestation) : 1- Skin ( thin, smooth, Dry skin) 2- Hair (Absence or reduction (hypotrichosis). 3- Sweat-gland (Absence anhydrosis). 4- sebaceous gland ( absent lead to dry skin) 5-Temperature elevation (because of anhydrosis) 6- Depressed bridge of the nose 7- Defective mental development 8- Defective of finger nail Oral manifestation include teeth and -
International Classification of Diseases
INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES MANUAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL STATISTICAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES, INJURIES, AND CAUSES OF DEATH Based on the Recommendations of the Eighth Revision Conference, 1965, and Adopted by the Nineteenth World Health Assembly Volume 2 ALPHABETICAL INDEX WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION GENEVA 1969 Volume 1 Introduction List of Three-digit Categories Tabular List of Inclusions and Four-digit Sub- categories Medical Certification and Rules for Classification Special Lists for Tabulation Definitions and Recommendations Regulations Volume 2 Alphabetical Index PRINTED IN ENGLAND CONTENTS Introduction Page General arrangement of the Index ....................................... VIII Main sections ............................................................... VIII Structure ..................................................................... IX Code numbzrs .............................................................. x Primary and secondary conditions. ................................... x Multiple diagnoses. ........................................................ XI Spelling....................................................................... XI Order of listing ............................................................. Conventions used in the Index ........................................... XII Parentheses. ................................................................. XII Cross-referexes ........................................................... XI1 Abbreviation NEC. ......................................................