Ie • •

. A. National Monthly

II CATHOLIC ACTION consists not merely of the pursuit of personal Christian perfection, which is however before all others its first and greatest end, but it also consists of a true apostolate in which Catholics of every social class participate, coming thus to be united in thought and action around those centers of sound doctrine and multiple social aC'tivity, legitimately constituted and, as a result, aided and sustained by the authority of the bishops." -Pope Pius XI.

National Catholic Welfare Conference

Vol. XV, No.4 APRIL, 1933 Price 20c 2 CATHOLIC ACTION A pril, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE CONFERENCE

FACTS ABOUT THE N. C. TABLE OF CONTENTS w. c. :-: What It Is What It Does :-: APRIL, 1933 "This organization (the N. C. W. C.) i, not only useful, but necessary . ..• PAGE We praise all tcho in any way cooperate in this great work."-POPE PIUS XI. A Word with Our Readers-"Pro­ gress in Developing Catholic The National Catholic Welfare Conference was organized in September, 1919. Leadership" ...... 3 The N. C. W. C. is a common agency acting under the authority of the bishops to promote the welfare of the Catholics of the country. Pope Lauds Results of Catholic It has for its incorporated purposes "unifying, coordinating and organizing the Action...... 4 Catholic people of the United States in works of education, social welfare, immigrant aid and other activities." New Leadership in the Federal Gov- It comprises the following dep ~ ments and bureaus: ernment ...... -... 5 EXEOUTIvE-Bureaus maintained: I mmigration, Publicity and Information, Hi.ttorical By Wm. F. Montavon Records, Publications, Business and Auditing and Latin American. EDUOATION-Divisions: Statistics and Information, Teachers' Registration, Library. Can a Catholic Play be Interesting? 7 PREss-Serves the Catholic press in the United States and abroad with regular news, By W m. M . Lame1's feature, editorial and pictorial services. SOCIAL ACTION-Covers the fields of Industrial Relations, Oitizenship, Social Work, Aiding the Work of Catholic Evidence 9 Family Life and Rural Welfare. By Dr. 'l'homas E. Puroell LEGAL-Serves as a clearing house of information on federal, state and local legislation. LAY ORGANIZATIONs-Includes the National Council of Catholic Men and the National Catholic Action Week in Denver . . . . 11 Council of Catholic Women, which maintain at N. C. W. C. headquarters perma­ By M rs. J. C. Hagus nent representations in the interests of the Catholic laity. These councils function through some 3,000 affiliated societies-national, state, diocesan, district, local Religious Instruction of th~ Public and parish; also through units of the councils in many of the dioceses. School Child ...... 13 The N. O. C. M. maintains at its national headquarters a Catholic Evidence Bu­ By Most Rev. Thomas K. Gorman reau and sponsors a weekly nationwide radio Catholic Hour over the network of the National Broadcasting Company. Digest of Holy Father's Allocution ... 14 The N. C. C. W. maintains in Washington, D. C., the NationaZ Catholic School oj Social Service. Month by Month with the N.C.W.C. .. 16 The Conference is conducted by an administrative committee composed of seven archbishops and bishops aided by seven assistant bishops. . Need of Catholic Leadership ...... 18 Each department of the N. O. W. C. is administered by an episcopal chaIrman. By Rt. Rev . John W. Sullivan Through the general secretary, chief executive officer of the Conference, the reports of the departments and information on the general work of the headquarter's staff are sent regularly to the members of the administrative committee. April Study Topic-"Evidencing- 0-;;­ The administrative bishops of the Conference report annually upon their work to Catholic Faith and Preventing the Holy See. Leakage" ...... 19 Annually at the general meeting of the bishops, detailed reports are submitted by the administrative bishops of the Conference and authorization secured for the work Some Pertinent Facts About the N. C. of the coming year. . C. M •...... 22 No official action is taken by any N. C. W. C. department without authorization of its episcopal chairman. . In the Field of Immigration ...... 23 No official action is taken in the name of the whole Conference without authoriza- tion and approval of the administrative committee. Regional Meeting of the C. C. I. P. It is not the policy of the N. O. W. C. to create new organizations. It helps, unifies, and leaves to their own fields those that already exist. at Fort Wayne ...... 25 It aims to defend and to advance the welfare both of the Catholic Church and of our beloved Country. Reports of N. C. C. W. Activities . . .. 27 It seeks to inform the life of America of right fundamental principles of religion and morality. Study Club Program, Omaha Dio- It is a central clearing house of information regarding activities of Catholic men cesan Council, N. C. C. W ...... 29 and women. All that are helped may play their part in promoting the good work and in main­ taining the common agency, the National Catholic Welfare Conference. The contents of CATHOLIC ACTION CATHOLI C ACTION records monthly the work of the Conference and its affiliated are fully indexed in the Cat holio Periodical organizations. It presents our common needs and opportunities. Its special articles Inde(J1. are helpful to every Catholic organization and in

CATHOLIO ACTION published monthly by the National Catholic Welfare Conference. Entered as second-class matter at the post-office at Washington, D. C., under the Act of March 3, 1879. All changes of address, re~ewals and subscrip­ tions should be sent direct to CATHOLIC ACTION, 1312 Massachusetts Ave., N. W.~ Washmgton, D. C.

Subscription Rates Publioation, Editorial and ElDecutive Ofjicu $2.00 per year; outside the United States, $2.25. 1312 Massachusetts Ave., N. W. Make checks or postal money orders payable to WASHINGTON, D. O. CATHOLIC ACTION. April, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION 3

By the A 'WORD WITH OUR READERS EDITOR +------~------+ Progress tn Developing Catholic Leadership

SPECIALLY gratifying to all who have been working for a CATHOLIC ACTION is glad to follow up the report of this con­ more enlightened and active laity are the reports coming ference, published in its March issue, with additional articles E to N. C. W. C. headquarters of the increased activity and which we are certain will be found of general interest. These usefulness of our Catholic lay organizations and their members articles are: That by Bishop Gorman dealing with one of the and of their growing appreciation of the meaning and needs of most pressing problems confronting the Church in this country Catholic Action and of the desire to take part in it. , today, namely, teaching religion to Catholic children who do not Convincing proof of this comes from San Francisco, where attend the Catholic schools; and the other by Monsignor John a few weeks ago, more than 500 women from the dioceses within W. Sullivan, who further develops the need of Catholic leader­ the ecclesiastical provinces of San Francisco and Portland par­ ,ship and emphasizes the study method as the most obvious way ticipated in a conference fruitful of excellent results regionally of preparing for it. and of great benefit to the Catholic body generally. Writing editorially of this conference, and especially of the type of N THIS connection we believe this month's study club topic leadership which it evidenced, the Morn.itor, official organ of the I will be found extremely pertinent. It deals with "Evidencing Archdiocese of San Francisco, stated: Our Catholic Faith and Preventing Leakage," discussing this general topic from three different angles--"What it means to "It speaks well for the vitality of the Church in the evidence our faith;" "The field of evidencing our faith;" and West that out of 50 diocesan cQuncils of the National "Practical ways of evidencing our faith." We recommend too, Council of Catholic Women 12 flourish in the territory the reading of the article on "Aiding the Work of Catholic comprised by the ecclesiastical provinces of Portland and Evidence" by Dr. Purcell, recently elected president of the San Francisco. A further proof of vitality is afforded by National Council of Catholic Men. Dr. Purcell relates some the holding here of the first regional conference, that is a interesting facts concerning the activities of the N. C. C. M.'s conference comprised of two archdioceses. Not ,only is this Catholic Evidence Bureau and notable accomplishments by local evidence of the cooperative spirit of the archbishops and groups of Catholic laymen operating in the field of apologetics. bishops of the Pacific Coast, but it is even more a demon­ On page 22 will be found a restatement of the additional inter­ stration of real self-sacrifice on the part of the leading ests of the National Council of Catholic Men. We trust that Catholic women of the western communities represented at our readers will help make these interests and activities known the council. For, it should be recognized that the women to organizations that may not as yet be fully cognizant of the who come are paying their own train and hotel fare, a work of the National Council of Catholic Men and of its services great outlay in this western country of great distances at to organizations that affiliate with it. all times, but especially so in this year. Something should Two other articles in this issue are likewise .particularly be said for whatever husbands are digging up the carfare. revealing as to the growth of Catholic leadership. They "The National Council of Catholic Women is not another, are the report by Mrs. Joseph C. Hagus, president of the Denver not a new society. It has no individual members in the Deanery Council of the N. C. C. W:, of the recently conducted sense that a sodality or sewing circle has individual mem­ Catholic Action' Week in Denver-a remarkable demonstration bers. It is a federation of all societies of lay Catholic of unity in thought and action; the other the account ' of the women, uniting them, helping them to strengthen, increase, regional meeting in Fort Wayne, Ind., of the Catholic Con­ and inspire their memberships. It is not competitive, it is ference on Industrial Problems. which was followed by a meet­ all embracing. It is the instrument by which the hierarchy ing of the clergy of the Fort Wayne and surrounding dioceses guides Catholic women in genuine Catholic Action. As at which was discussed the meaning Qf the Encyclical Bishop Rummel said, it is, because it is part of the National Quadragesimo Anno and ways of further studying and applying Catholic Welfare Conference, the approved and authorita­ it in the parishes. tive Catholic Action in the United States of America. In this Conference,. our own Archbishop Hanna is the chair­ E WISH to call attention in a very special way to the man of the Administrative Committee of bishops. W digest of the Holy Father's recent allocution, printed "After some years experience in watching the Catholic on pages 14-15, and the excerpts therefrom dealing with Catholic . scene throughout this country, we can say without qualifica­ Action, printed on page 4. It is hoped that all our readers tion that the National Council of Catholic Women has will familiarize themselves with the complete text of the Holy developed an immensely higher type of Catholic lay leader­ Father's allocution. ship than was ever known before its organization in this , country. Patiently and with great skill has it brought out the ablest Catholic women and through them presented to LEADERSHIP IN RURAL AREAS NEEDED hundreds of thousands of women the great social questions The Rev. Daniel Reifenrath, recently named director of the that must be met with more than the resources of a single Omaha Diocesan Rural Li.fe Bureau, speaking on the need of parish or a single community. It has sowed the seeds of Christianizing the outlook and vision of our rur'al people, young intelligent Catholic Action in the minds of Catholic women and old, recently said: "Too long have rural people been by encouraging- them to study the great problems of society indifferent and deaf to the call of required and proposed lead­ and of the Faith for the solution of which the united cooper­ ership. Too long has there been a lack of esteem for the ideals ation of all American C.atholic women is needed." and the many distinct social, economic and religious advantages of rural life. Too long has the country nurtured an altogether N ADDITIONAL tribute, by His Excellency, Archbishop flagrant individualistic philosophy of life. Too long has there .A flanna, to the leadership of the Catholic women and an been a social and economic foolhardiness whose sole purpose in acknowledgment of their help throughout the country in pro­ effect has been to jeopardize the Christian home and family life moting the aims and purposes of the National Catholic Welfare as well as the morals and economic standards of innocent Conferli!nce are given on another page of this magazine. children."

------~------4: CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1933

POPE LAUDS RESULTS OF CATHOLIC ACTION Allocution at Recent Consistory Points to Fruits of Collaboration of the Faithful with Bishops and Clergy in Works of the Apostolate

N HIS notable allocution delivered at the secret consistory held in Vatican City, March 13, 1933, His Holiness, I Pope Pius XI, took occasion to praise the results of Catholic Action throughout the world. "As ever," the Holy Father stated, "it is a question of collaborating with the bishops and clergy in the works of the apostolate, and this same activity and collaboration have yielded and are yielding, even in Catholic countries, precious and substantial fruits for the Christian life." Some of these fruits the Holy Father enumerated as follows: Better organized and more efficient religious instruction, increased Eucharistic piety and life, more frequent practice of spiritual exercises by clergy and. laity, especially students and working people, and the mUltiplication of enterprises of charity, notably those carried on under the auspices of the St. Vincent de Paul Society. The subject of Catholic Action was first introduced by His Holiness in that part of his allocution which dealt with the return to the Church of the dissidents of the various Oriental rite This return the Holy Father attributed, after God, to the zeal of the Oriental bishops, clergy and religious and to t e effectiveness of their apostolic work in the East. The following is an excerpt from the allocution dealing with the subject of Catholic Action:

"VALUABLE, really inestimable, contributions to all patronage and in many places under that of the respective this spread of the Divine Redemption and the super­ bishops, to relieve with greater dispatch urgent local natural life in the world have been made, and are being necessities. made, with a perseverance and ardor above all praise, by , , We have referred to Catholic Action. To this simple the pontifical missionary organizations and by Catholic passing mention we may and must add an expression of the Action, never so prompt and active. As ever, it is a ques­ great and profound consolation we feel when we see how it tion of collaborating with the bishops and clergy in the is being organized and developed in a wonderful way works of the apostolate, and this same activity and collabo­ through all the countries of the worid, thanks to the pas­ ration have yielded and are yielding, even in Catholic coun­ toral care of the bishops and to the devoted and generous tries, precious and substantial fruits for the Christian life. cooperation of the clergy and laity. "We wish to mention religious instruction, the chief and most essential requisite, more and more widely diffused and "INNUMERABLE are th~ test.imonie~ t~at continuously intensified, better organized and equipped with modern come to us from all dIrectIOns, mISSIonary lands in­ means for teaching and reaching the public, though un­ cluded, of the great aid Catholic Action lends to the works fortunately we cannot say that this is found everywhere. of the apostolate and to the maintenance and furtherance , , We mention also Eucharistic piety and life, cultivated of Christian life, even to the point of emulating the better with ever-growing frequency and enlightened fervor in the gift of perfection and sanctity, of devotedly and labori­ souls of individuals, in communities, and among the faith­ ously participating in the life of prayer and strife of the ful in general. We draw attention also to the more and Church in her diversified work according to countries and more frequent practice of spiritual exercises by the clergy circumstances, but everywhere and always ardent, indus­ and also the laity, especially students and working people. trious for the conquest and reconquest of souls, especially such as are deceived by the present-day, materialistic, pa­ "WE MAKE mention of the multiplication and devel- gan concepts of life or are carried away by anti-social and opment in efficacy of private and collective enter­ anti-religious currents that are a calamity and an abiding prises of charity-the most beautiful and complete expres­ threat of even greater moral and material destruction. God sion of Christian life, and an inspiration particularly provi­ Himself, in most unequivocal ways, has deigned to smile dential in these straitened circumstances, still unrelieved, not only in sovereign approval, but with supreme gratifi­ of world crisis. We cannot forbear to point out with par­ cation, on this work, the very apple of our eye, scattering ticular satisfaction the observances of the centenary of the with lavish hand in various fields of Catholic Action the St. Vincent de Paul Society, whose foundation no eloquence seeds of' choicest vocation. Hence it follows that if in can more fitly extol than the statistical showing of its mag­ places and at times Catholic Action is not immune from nificent and really world-wide diffusion, its continuous trials, we may and must apply to it, with all fitness and providential growth, and its wonderful efficacy in corporal with unspeakable consolation, the words Holy Scripture and spiritual works 'of mercy. Nor can we fail to mention, has gathered up and set forth in the comfort of every soul in the discharge of our debt of paternal gratitude, the dear to God and tried in the crucible of tribulation: ' Be­ numerous crusades of charity which, in response to our cause, thou wast acceptable to God it was necessary tempta­ earnest and fatherly call, have b~en organized, under our tion should prove thee.' " ------.------April, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION 5

N EW LEADERSHIP in the FEDERAL GOVERNMENT By Wm. F. Montavon, K.,S. G~

A N interesting analysi~ b~ the. director of the N. C: W. C. Legal Departmen~ of t~e st~ps now being taken to relieve the present econODllC sItuatIOn by those supporting our courageous preSIdent In his efforts for' imlnediate action to realize his campaign pledge for a "new deal."

HE INAUGURATION of a new federal administra­ Neither party defended the status quo. What justifica­ tion under the presidency of Franklin Delano Roose­ tion could be found for the economic cataclysm which T velt on March 4 took place amid popular rejoicing counted its victims in millions and from the dire effects of and was accompanied by ClVIC splendor and enthusiasm which no one had altogether escaped? On the one side

seldom if ever equalled in the peace-time history of any were those I who looked upon the depression as the logical nation. To find anything comparable in our own history, consequence of economic laws that were beyond human con-· we have to go back a generation to the 'outpouring of trol. On the other side were those who, refusing to accept popular enthusiasm which welcomed Admiral Dewey re­ the thought of irrevocable economic laws, denounced the­ turning from the exploits of the Navy at Cavite. depression as the product of human stupidity and greed. Seldom in any political campaign had the issue been The one group proposed only palliatives and the hope that, more clearly defined than in the campaign of 1932. in their essence economic laws being good, things would Early in the campaign the issue was blurred. Some right themselves. This attitude of helplessness had little eminent intellectual leaders looked upon the collapse of appeal for the suffering millions. Victory inevitably went industry and finance as t~e end of an era. "Could capital­ to the courageous and confident. ,The election was a re­ ism survive ~" was the problem which presented itself pudiation of a leadership that had been defeated by its own and speCUlative minds began to devote themselves to the blunders. The nation by an overwhelming vote commis­ planning of a new system which they thought must in­ sioned a new leadership, whose confidence in itself inspired evitably be reconstructed out of the ruins of the past. confidence in others, not to find new weapons with which Neither Democrats nor Republicans were willing in their to fight the battle against depression but using the weapons nominating conventions to give practical expression or already at hand to coordinate the resources and intelligence support to the thought that a new era was at hand. Only of the nation in a final drive that could not be defeated. In the Socialists and minor parties went that far. the classic phrases of his inaugural address President · Sympathetic reference to the "forgotten man" by one Roosevelt, with inspiring courage, accepted the commission of the candidates was as far as either of the leading can­ wholeheartedly. didates was willing to go. Friends of the "forgotten man" advocate appealed for caution; his oppopents referred with HE inaugural address ranks with the national classics contempt to the grass that would grow in main street T as a state paper. It is a profession of faith-of faith under the new regime. in the nation; of faith in the people as distinct from faith Manifesting a profound understanding of the psychology in a particular party or in any governing group; of faith of the nation, whose keen sense for the energetic conduct in the natural resources, spiritual and material, with which of practical affairs left no doubt of its unwillingness to the nation is endowed; and above all, of faith in God '8 espouse the course recommended by the speculative sociol­ providence. 1t is an appeal to the spirit, of courage, to the ogists, the talk of the forgotten man was suppressed. willingness to sacrifice self in the common cause, to the spirit of the pioneer which made it possible for small bands LASS must not be aroused against class. 'What the of settlers, through their unswerving devotion to work, to C nation needed was not a new era, but a new deal. The dominate the wilderness and reduce it to the service of the cards and the players would remain the same whatever nation. It is a dedication-a dedication of the President happened, but a new shume, a new deal would put the himself without reserve and of the nation, not to the service trump cards in hands that would play them more skillfully. of any class or group or particular interest, but to the 6 CATHOLIC ACTION' April, 1933

service of the common interest of all. And finally, it is an notes as distinct from the ordinary gold guaranteed Federal .assertion of personal leadership such as it has -rarely been Reserve notes. The new bank notes are to be secured by the privilege of any man to make. the obligations of the Federal Government and by com­ The problem conf~onting the new administration was mercial paper accepted at 90 percent of face value, and twofold. A crisis had arisen in the depression itself and are subject to taxation, which will serve to hasten their must be met at once. This constituted the immediate conversion when the crisis is ended. problem. Measures looking to the reconstruction of eco- . Under this act, ap'proximately fifteen thousand banks of nomic life could be deferred. They constitute the prin­ all kinds have reopened, and four thousand continue in the cipal but less immediate problem. hands of bank conservators whose duty it is to do what is possible to reestablish their liquidity thus enabling them to HREE years of industrial paralysis have made it 00- reopen. T. possible for millions of American citizens to find re­ The importance given to the liquidity of assets as a con­ munerative employment or longer. to be sustained by local dition for reopening necessarily works a hardship on banks resources. These with their dependents face starvation, holding a large amount of real estate and other long-time with its accompanying moral deterioration, and must be paper, on much of which there has been default not only provided for. of principal but of interest as well. This is of particular Months of futile conferences, debate and inaction had interest hpcause of the great volume of farm mortgages, permitted the processes of deflation to run their ruthless estimated LO be more than ten billion dollars and in a lesser cour~e until a complete collapse in the nation's finances degree of mortga'ges of religious, educational and benevo­ was at hand. The slow assets of thousands of failed banks lent institutions. Although amply secured for times of had been thrown upon a market already surfeited with normal business activity, such paper becomes a heavy bur­ frozen paper. Mo~e than one billion of taxpayers dollars den for the bank'when income from current activities falls had been disbursed to solvent banks by the Reconstruction away and a premium is placed on liquidity as is now the Finance Corporation in an effort to increase their liquidity case. and maintain their solvency. Much of this money had ROBABLY no one knows with certainty what is the filtered through the favored banks into the hands of hoard­ P tota.l indebtedness secured by mortgages on homes and ers, the net result being to make these banks less solvent farms in the United States. A survey made by the Home than they had been. Even before Inauguration Day, banks Loan Bank 'Board showed that in August, 1932, mortgages, all over the country had been closed by the action of gov­ with an aggregate face value of the huge sum of nineteen ernors and legislatures. Millions were being withdrawn billion eight hundred and ten million dollars, were owned daily from the banks by frightened depositors and specu­ by institutions to which that board was by law authorized lators. The soundness of the national currency -was seri­ to make advances. This is only a fraction of the total in­ ously threatened. Retribution for the misdeeds of false debtedness covered by mortgages on homes. At the end money changers in the temples of finance was at hand. If of 1931, the Federal and Joint Stock Land Banks held permitted to run its course, the collapse would carry mil­ mortgages on farms, the unmatured principal of which lions of innocent victims to their ruin. amounted to one billion one hundred sixty-three million dollars. It has been stated that the unmatured principal CRISIS such as this was no time for haggling over of all farm mortgages in the country amounts to approxi­ A constitutionality. With the courage and faith he had mately ten billion dollars and there is available no estimate so eloquently expressed in his inaugural, President Roose­ of the matured values of principal and interest that are velt assumed war powers conceded by the Act of October in default. That the total matured and unmatured value 6, 1917, and issued an executive order paralyzing all bank­ of mortgages held by banks in the United States is a sum ing activities throughout the country, laying penalties on of staggering proportions is beyond doubt. those wllo might continue to speculate in currency, and The refinancing of mortgages has been made difficult by impounding all monetary gold. Thus a breathing spell the increased difficulty which not only private institutions, was obtained until Congress could convene and authorize banks, building and loan associations, etc., but even the an orderly course of action. Federal Land Banks, are having to raise new funds. In In his first message to the Seventy-third Congress, the many cases lands have depreciated to such low levels that President frankly asked for authority to control the banks. they are no longer adequate security for the mortgages As enacted, the bill approved the bank holiday, and what issued against them. is more significant, it approved the assumption of war-time No definite plan has been proposed for the relief of this authority by the President during the duration of the situation. Acting on authority given him by the so-called crisis . . A later amendatory act extends to state banks as far economy act passed by the present Congress, President as practical the benefits of the emergency act. · The act Roosevelt, by executive order subject to congressional ap­ authorizes an unlimited issue of Federal Reserve Bank proval, has consolidated and reorganized (TZ/!rn to page 30) April, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION 7

CAN A CATH'OLIC PLAY

By Wm. M. Lamers BE INTERESTING?

pUBLIC entertainment these days, especially that offered by the stage and screen, has given no little cause for Catholic criticism. How to combat the demoralizing and often de-Christianizing evils of commercialized enter­ tainment is a question that is giving our thoughtful clergy, teachers and pastors plenty of concern. At least one effective antidote has been found in the Catholic Dramatic Movement, whose ideals and practical perfonnances have been previously described in this magazine. Now Dr. Lamers, director of Marquette University's School of Speech and executive secretary of the Catholic Dramatic Movement who, with Father Mathias Helfen, founder of the move. ment, and other associates, is serving without any compensation and purely for the love of the cause, answers 'some questions about the Catholic drama that many interested in this practical field of Catholic Action are asking: "What is a good Catholic play?" "What types are available?" "Which is to be preferred, the religious play or the modern drama?" "Are Passion plays and Christmas plays popular and financial successes?"

HE OTHER DAYan old pastor came in looking ligious objects .... Nor does it have to be unsmiling. One p must constantly remind the aspiring Catholic playwright for plays. His parish had no dramatic g.rou , ~ut that only the most urgent necessity for conversation pre­ T a neighboring parish had produced somethIng whIch vents the usual hagiologists from mentioning in their brief had scandalized him and most of the audience. "Is it accounts the fact that many of the saints were among the world's great laughers." possible to have a Catholic play in which something hap­ pens?" was the gentle inquiry. "You know what I mean­ TOLD him that I was sure that this passage expressed a real play in which there is some dialogue in which peo­ more than my personal views; that my associates in the ple talk to and not at one another, in which the characters I Catholic Dramatic Movement, the Reverend Mathias Hel­ are real men and women. Something which my young fen. its founder and national president, and . Dean J ere­ . people would like to see just as a play, but from which miah L. 0 'Sullivan of the Marquette University School of they could learn something worth while ~" Journalism, its vice-president, subscribed to it equally with I gave him a copy of a recent number of the Catholic me. In publishing plays the movement was striving toward School Editor in which I had presented my idea of what an ideal in which good dramatic art and Catholic views of a good Catholic play should be. I had written: life might be put upon the stage without compromising "First of all it must be good theatrical art. An offense either. against art is no less deplorable because it is made in the name of piety. A good play must be entertaining. It must I don't think that anyone interested in true Catholic show a triple confol'mity to the necessities of the theater, Action will question the laudability of this as an ideal. the psychology of audiences, and the conventions of good The practical man, however, will wish to know what the writing. Catholic Dramatic Movement is doing to translate the ideal " ITS DISTINCTIVE tone, however, the Catholic play de- into a program. In the words of my pastor friend: "Does rives from its recognition of the fact that drama is anybody publish plays of that kind?" the poetry of conduct, that conduct has its ethical aspects, I glance at our latest list-the tenth annual-the move­ that living cannot be divorced from morality, and that there is divine justice in the universe and poetic justice ment having been founded in 1923. I see enumerated there in the theater, even if it consists merely in showing vice sixty-seven plays carried in stock-J1?any· earlier ones hav­ its deformity. It recognizes that if drama is a powerful ing been sold out and never republished. There are ten vehicle for teaching, as it incidentally is, it must teach truth and not error. A good Catholic play is free from the modern comedy dramas, twelve modern comedies; five one­ obscenities and blasphemies that are one of the distinguish­ act plays; three pageants; two programs for St. Patrick's ing features of the American professional stage of the day. day; three Passion plays; seven religious-historical plays; It has no sympathies with the subtler immoralities to be found in many of the sophisticated little theaters. three cantatas; ten Christmas plays; three graduation "Beyond this the good Catholic play may deal with many plays; and ten plays for children in the grades. Some of things. It may be as deep as eternity, and as broad as life. these ar~ costume plays, others are modern; in some the It may be frivolous-frivolity having a real though re­ stricted place in a well ordered cosmos. It may be serious. approach is imaginative, in others realistic; some require It may be secular or religious. It may treat of things large casts; others small. The types range from sheer farce actual or of things imaginary. with scarcely a serious word to deeply serious religious "Here a word of warning should be given. A Catholic play need not concern itself with religious themes or re- drama. 8 C.A THO LIe ACT ION April, 1933

Special attention should be called to the modern plays. programs. Some one writes: "I must give my annual Here one will find real characters, interesting_- situations, Passion play. What have you 1 I have given so-an-so for up-to-the-minute dialogue, few long speeches, if any, and three years now and half the town knows it by -heart. I no preaching. The list of modern plays published by the wouldn't be without a good religious Lenten play." An­ movement is a good one if the many favorable comments of other: "The audience came once--doubting. They sat on parish actors, directors, and groups from every corner of the edges of their chairs. Then many of them came a sec­ the pnited States mean anything. Better than that, it is ond time." And another: "Every spectator left the audi­ an increasingly good one as those will testify who have torium with a little more of the spirit of the season in his used plays published by the movement. heart, " Need I insist that there is no essential contra­ diction between an excellent religious play and thrilling UT would these plays go on Broadway? I am quite entertainment. B sure that they wouldn't. Some of them are religious I should add too, that there are other agencies doing in tone and theme, some are professedly school plays, some good work in this field and that if I speak only of one, I have been written for little children. Some represent dra­ do so because it is the largest and-to me at least-the best matic types whose naivete is unpalatable to he sophisti­ known. A word should be added concerning new plays. cated. All of them have been written for amateur actors Plays are not plucked from thin air-they are written. and amateur stages and the average audience, and all are If better lays are to be produced on Catholic stages, bet­ without a whisper of suggestiveness. They probably could ter plays must be written. The money rewards for the not" make" Broadway; that fact is by no means indicative immediate present will be small. This is a cause and not that they lack high entertainment value, It conceivably a business, a'l anyone connected with it knows. might be construed as an argument in their favor. It should be noted, however, that the Catholic Dramatic Movement does not -consider the publication of clean come­ GAIN let me insist, however, mere piety does not com­ dies its most distinctive contribution to Catholic Action in A pensate for bad art. Recently a very thoughtful behalf of the amateur stage. -Much more significant has Catholic wrote me: "I have often observed that patronage been the publication from time to time of religious drama. for parish and school theatricals is considered a duty ger­ In this it feels it becomes a not inconsiderable agent in the mane to supporting the church, rather than a spontaneous revival of the drama of faith--a drama which inspired the response to the merits of good dramatics." Parish theatri­ middle ages even as it was begot by' them. cal directors pay large royalties for shows they know will In increasing numbers school and parish stages wish to interest, and that after the particular selection is old and know: "Are Passion plays successful? Are Christmas often long off the boards. plays following the -Gospel narrative popular?" I wish In its vivid perception of the implications of the truth that these'timid information seekers could speak to those of the last statement, I find the surest promise for the suc­ who have included plays of either or both classes in their cessful future of the Catholic Dramatic Movement.

------~------Archbishop Lauds Women for Promoting Aims of N.C. W. C.

T THE solemn Mass celebrated at St. Mary's Cathe­ first impressions upon the child, the impressions that are dral, San Francisco, formally opening the recent most lasting.... In this way the women of these ages A regional conference of the National Council of Cath­ of the Catholic Church have been largely instrumental in olic Women, the Most Rev. Edward J. Hanna, D.D., Arch­ carrying down to each new generation the traditions of bishop of San Francisco and chairman of the Adminis­ piety, of faith, of hope, love and wisdom. It is good for us trative Committee of the N, C. W. C., spoke in part as to know that upon this occasion we can say that in the follows: whole country this work has been done magnificently by our When the bishops established the National Catholic Wel­ women, particularly during the years of the National Cath­ fare Conference, they divided the work into many depart­ olic Welfare Conference. ments hoping through our lay men and women to hold in The great work of womenkind in Our day and generation their hands power to execute that which was to be done in is with the children. . . . Training of Our young, imbuing the-different departments that make up the great work of them with the truths of Faith, giving them courage to face the Conference. life's stern battle, is the great work of the Church, and in It is good to see that a very great part in this work of a large measure it devolves upon the women of the nation. carrying out the work of the Conference has been done by ... In our day and generation the great work of the social the women throughout the United States. After all, the action of the Church must so permeate the whole body women are the mothers of the nation; the women make the politic that, in the end, Christ may reign.

------~------April, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION 9

AIDING the W ORKof CATHOLIC EVIDENCE

OUR. years ago, the National Council of Catholic Men established as one of its main activities a Catholic Evidence FBureau. Out of the work of this bureau grew the Catholic Hour, which has developed into one of the Church';3 most popular as well as most potent agencies of evidencing Catholic truth. Some results of the N.C.C.M.'s work in this field, together with a brief account of the militant and far-reaching activities of local agencies of similar char­ acter, are succinctly set forth in the accompanying article by Dr. Purcell, recently elected president of the ~ational Council of Catholic Men. This article should be read in connection with the study topic discussion--"Evidencin~ Our Catholic Faith and Preventing Leakage"-printed elsewhere in this issue. By Dr. Thos. E. Purcell, K.S4G.

HE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CATHOLIC MEN and to relay it to those who requested it or to those corre­ established its Catholic Evidence Bureau almost four spondents who, without requesting it, seemed in a position T years ago with the purpose of aiding and assisting to profit by it. A brief summary of this information and the various apologetical movements throughout the coun­ the bureau's use of it follows: try, and of engaging, in so far as possible, in active evi­ dence work of its own. In the latter field can be claimed THE Catholic Evidence Guild. Organized in this coun- for it a very substantial accomplishment-the weekly na­ try sixteen years ago by the Catholic Truth Guild of tion-wide broadcast of the Catholic Hour, for it was out Boston, this movement was inaugurated in England in the of the Catholic Evidence Bureau that the Catholic Hour following year. About a year ago, the work was renewed grew. _ here with the result that already there are full-fledged Begun three years ago last month, the Catholic Hour guilds in Baltimore, Maryland; in Oklahoma City, Geary, has now become a national institutiop, being broadcast on Cushing, and Bristow, Oklahoma; in Washington, D. C:; a network of more than fifty stations of the National Broad­ there is a modified guild in New York City; and there are casting Company, one of them carrying it on short wave three in the formative stage in Baltimore, New Bedford, length to many distant parts of the world. It has been Massachusetts, and Union City, New Jersey, and one au­ almost a universal apostolate, letters having been received thorized and in contemplation in Providence, Rhode Island. from listeners as far away as Alaska, West Africa, and The Catholic Truth Guild of Boston is still functioning in the Falkland Islands, and from many countries in South full force, likewise, and its co-founder, David Goldstein, has America and Europe, even including Turkey. And it has been travelling up and down and across the country ex­ been a most effective apostolate, for thousands of letters emplifying the practicability of the guild idea-street­ have shown regained and renewed faith by Catholics, and speaking by laymen. In addition, the other members of many of them have told of the conversions outside the fold. the Boston guild-there are twelve approved speakers alto­ gether-hold outdoor meetings on Boston Common, save ESIDES the Catholic Hour, . and partly .coroll~ry to during the winter, presenting and defending the. beliefs B it, the bureau has essayed Into the actIve eVIdence and practices of Catholics. These meetings will be resumed field. Thus it has answered, by mail, thousands of ques­ for this season on May 7. The same is done in Baltimore, tions pertaining to Catholic doctrine and practice which Oklahoma, and Washington, D. C.; and in addition the have come from members of the radio audience and others; Baltimore and Washington guilds present weekly radio it has distributed well over a million pieces of Catholic programs. The Baltimore guild, with seven licensed speak­ literature, pamphlets, magazines, and books, including the ers, has been having the Stations of the Cross in a public addresses delivered in the Catholic Hour; and it has recom­ park on each of the Sundays during Lent-and they have mended books and reading lists to many inquirers. been drawing crowds up to three thousand. They resumed But even in the first field, the bureau has done consider­ their outdoor doctrinal talks on March 18; the Oklahoma able in aiding and fostering the general apologetical move­ City guild with eight licensees, has likewise resumed, and ment. It has sought first of all to assemble information on the Bristow guild will follow on May 1. The Washington all the major apologetical activities throughout the country guild, with ten licensed speakers, has run one outdoor 10 CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1933

"pitch" throughout the winter, and only recently opened The Catholic Lwymen's Association of Georrgia. This or­ a second one. The New York guild has not yet undertaken ganization of zealous laymen has made immense strides in outdoor speaking, but does give talks to retreatants, Catho­ laying the specter of bigotry in Georgia. It has carefully lic societies, and over the radio. scrutinized the secular press and offered to correct any erroneous news stories concerning the Church. Where, THE N. C,. C. M. has not only assembled this information after a persistent but courteous correspondence, the editor on the gUIld movement, and much more besides, but has would not print the correction, copies of the entire corre­ had a paper written on it which it has distributed to many spondence would be sent to all the newspaper's subscribers. interested individuals and groups throughout the country; This was usually sufficient to "smoke" the editor out, and it has prepared a bibliography of Catholic evidence guild to ensure fair treatment of Catholic news in hi paper literature, which, while yet only tentative, has been sent thereafter. The Catholic Laymen's Associ~tion also pub­ out to many inquirers; and it has helped spread knowledge lishes its own organ, The Bulletin, issues pamphlets from of the movement by giving out many news reports thereon time to time, and utilizes the radio and press whenever to the press, and by writing articles, notes, and letters for opportunities present themselves. CATHOLIC ACTION and other magazines. THE - C. C. M. Catholic Evidence Bureau has been The Catholic Information Society of Narberth. Begun please to call attention to this work in every way pos­ only four years ago in Narberth, Pennsylvania, this sible, in letters, articles, etc. activity has already assumed the proportions of a national Intermou Itain Catholic Truth Society. This sooiety was movement. It is very simple, consisting only of mailing organized to meet the demands of the half-hour broadcast regularly a piece of Catholic literature to a list of non­ of Catholic truth sponsored by the Most Rev. John J. Catholics. However its work differs in two ways from that Mitty, then Bishop of Salt Lake, over Station KSL, Salt of others distributing literature: it is distinctly a neigh­ Lake City, Utah. So many requests for copies of the talks borhood movement, the names of the members of the society , so many inquiries about Catholic teaching, so much varied appearing on every folder or pamphlet,· thus introducing a correspondence of one kind or another, was elicited by personal element between the members and most of those these broadcasts, that it was necessary to do something of on the mailing list; and secondly, it prepares its own fold­ the kind to meet them. This work, as also the radio talks, is ers, which are quite unlike anything else in the field, each done by or under the direction of Right Reverend Mon­ one explaining a point of doctrine or practice in language signor Duane G. Hunt, himself a convert, and therefore which can he understood even by those most alien to the admirably fitted to e ~plain Catholic teaching in a locality Catholic tradition. Other societies begun elsewhere buy where Catholics are few. The society has not only con­ .their literature from the Narberth society, the only neces­ tinued these broadcasts and answered the requests and in­ sary changes being the name of the society and the names quiries pertinent thereto, but has distributed many popu­ of the members. This makes it extremely inexpensive, and lar apologetical books and pamphlet , and contributed a as a consquence eleven other societies have now been estab­ weekly page to The IntermO'ttntain Catholic. lished, one of them as far away as Texas. In January of The N. C. C. M. procured publication of an article on this year His Eminence, Cardinal Fumasoni-Biondi, then the society, and has made frequent reference to it in its Apostolic Delegate to the United States, sent a letter ap­ correspondence. proving and felicitating the society upon its work. The International Catholic Truth Society. This organization N. C. C. M. has not only recommendeq this activity to many acts as a clearing house for the outstanding Catholic individuals but has been instrumental in publicizing it in pamphlets published throughout the world and i a re­ the press and in CATHOLIC ACTION. mailing agency. The N. C. C. M. has frequently referred those in search of pamphlets on particular subjects to the THE Catholic Unity League. This league was founded society. in New York City in September, 1917, by Reverend Bertrand L. Conway, C.S.P., with the purpose of fostering CATHOLIC Truth Society of O'regon. Thi society dis- missions and lectures to non-Catholics, and of carrying on an tributes all kinds of Catholic literature, prepares ar­ , 'apostolate of the press. ' , Since then, it has established a ticles for the secular papers, answer questions relating to large library from which Catholic books of any description, Catholicism, and sponsors a broadcast of Catholic truth. in any language, are mailed out to Catholics and inquiring The bureau has supplied it, from time to time, with various non-Catholics, without charge for two weeks. In its fifteen pamphlets, papers, etc. years-of existence the league has distributed upwards of a Radio in Genetral. The N. C. C. M. Catholic Evidence million books and pamphlets. The work has led to more Bureau has kept as closely in touch with Catholic radio than 1,700 conversions. The N. C. C. M. frequently recom­ broadcasting as possible. During the pa t year it wa able mends the league to those inquiring for Catholic books and to discover, besides the seven Catholic stations (WLWL reading lists. the Paulist., New York City; WL\V, (Turn to page 15) Apr"l, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION 11

CATHOLIC ACTION WEEK

By Mrs. Joseph C. Hagus • In DENVER

THE possibilities of coordinated, organic unity within a diocese are ably demonstrat,ed in the recently observed "Catholic Action Week," initiated by His Excellency, the Most Rev. Urban J. Vehr, Bishop of Denver. The week opened with a message on "Catholic Action" delivered simultaneously to every parishioner in every parish by every pastor. United, Catholic thought, eventuating in united Catholic Action, was evidenced by ensuing successive confer­ ences held under the auspices of four diocesan agencies-the Diocesan Council of Catholic Women, the Diocesan Bureau of Catholic Charities, the Diocesan Industrial Conference and the Diocesan Children's Institute. The pro­ gram of each conference was keyed to the needs of the hour as touched by these several agencies in a planned dio­ cesan harmony. This new movement in our country shows a fine grasp of the power and place of diocesan machinery and readiness to utilize its values to the utmost_ Mrs. Hagus, who submits this report, is president of the Denver Deanery Council, N. C. C. W.

"C ATHOLIC ACTION ,\VEEK," which brought to­ Deanery; Mrs. George Shearer, retiring president of Pucblo gether the outstanding groups of the Denver Deanery; and Mrs. M. J. Walsh, of Greely, followed with Diocese, was so distinctly successful that its place work in their respective fields. Reading of reports of other on the annual diocesan calcndar now seems assured. The officers and those of chairmen of standing committees oc­ idea originated with the Most Rev. Urban J. Vehr, Bishop CupiBd'the remainder of the morning session. Salient ~acts of Denver, in his desire to promote Catholic Action and brought out in the reports were that the Mexican clinics manifest it before the world. The program was arranged in Denver cared for 3,318 cases during the year and that by a local committee and none but local speakers parti­ there are now 81 organizations affiliated with the diocesan pated-a fact of which Catholics of Colorado are justly council. The new affiliations are Annunciation P. T. A.; proud. Different programs attracted different groups and St. Vincent de Paul P. T. A.; League of the Sacred Heart a large attendance was sustained throughout the entire of the St. Francis de Sales parish; International Federa­ week. The seventh annual convention of the Diocesan tion of Catholic Nurses; Presentation Altar and Rosary Council of Catholic Women, the fifth annual regional meet­ Society; St. Louis P. T. A.; and St. Helen'a's Altar and ing of the Catholic Conference on Industrial Problems, Rosary Society of Fort Morgan. With the exception of the the Catholic Charities' yearly conference and the second last named, all were received through the Denver Deanery. annual Diocesan Children's Institute all had part in the week's proceedings. RS. P. J. SULLIVAN, chairman on catchetical in­ Tuesday and Wednesday, February 14 and 15, the con­ M struction, acknowledged the work being done in all vention of the Diocesan Council of Catholic Women held parts of the diocese for the Mexican children. attention. Mass was celebrated in the Cathedral on Tues­ Mrs. C. L. Ducy, of Pueblo, chairman on historic war day for the intention of the Holy Father and the follow­ records, reported a national record of 57 citations for ing day for living and deceased members of the council. ol~rado. Some of these she has already established. as Business sessions, which were in the Knights of Columbus Catholics and asks assistance in verifying others. Hall, opened with prayer by the spiritual director, the At the luncheon session in the Argonaut Hotel, Miss Rev. John R. Mulroy, whosounded the keynote of the con­ Mary Coughlin talked on "Free Clinics in Times of Depres­ vention's deliberations-the realization that "truth is ion, " and Joseph A. Craven explained (' Financing Social eternal" and the resolve to stand courageously for the oft­ Work by Private Agencies." , repeated ideals of the Faith. The Very Rev. Dean ,Volohan, spiritual director of Pueblo Deanery, delivered the invocati,on at the afternoon HE diocesan president, Mrs. T. A. Cosgriff, in a beauti­ session at which the "Status of the Spanish-American on T ful message, urged that there be no relaxation in these the Western Slope" was defined by the Very Rev. Nicholas critical times, but that all be mindful of the neighbor's spir­ Bertrand, of Grand Junction, who pronounced the work of itual as well as material needs, holding in mind the Cross of the Catholic women in his locality (' a God-send to the Calvary whose Victim pleaded: "My yoke is sweet and Mexican people." The Very Rev. William Kipp, of Colo­ My burden light." The writer, as president of the Denver rado Springs, told of "The Great Southwest," where, until 12 CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1933 the last few mQnths, his entire ministry had been passed. "Our Scho'Qls," by the Rev. H. L. McMenamin, and 'c Or­ He paid tribute to' the Theatine Fathers as the "backbO.ne ganizatiQn," by BishGp Vehr. The bishGp, who. was Qf CathGlicity in the SO.uth' '-the sectiQn O.f the state the mQtivating pGwer in all the week's prQceedings, defined . "never fQrgQtten by God," accO.rding to' Father Kipp. CathQlic ActiQn as Qf twO. parts: the persQnal, which means the reliving Qf Christ and His principles Qf life in Gur RS. JOHN ¥UELLER'S legislative repGrt and dis­ daily thGughts, in Gur daily actiGns; and the Qther, "mani­ M cussiQn fGllQwing Qccupied Wednesday mQrning. At festing Christ to' the wGrld by CathQlic activities under luncheO.n, the Rev. J. T. McDermGtt, O. M. I., O.f CO.loradG Qrganized grGups." Springs, sPGke O.n "Cultural Value Qf Study Clubs," de- · The Wednesday evening sessiQn clGsed Qne Gf the mGst fining culture as "the best that has been thQught Qr said." successful cQnventiQns Gf the Denver DiQcesan CGunciL To. religiQn he ascribed culture and said it had its epitO.me The large number Qf clergy attending Gne Gr mQre of the in the life Qf Jesus Christ. The Very Rev. G. JQseph .La sessiGns-several taking part in the prGgram-was evidence J eunesse, Qf FQrt CQllins, Qpened the afternQQn sessiQn with Gf their grQwing interest in the wGrk Qf the cO.uncil. The prayer and was fGllQwed by Mrs. GeO.rgia Zeiger, of Pueblo., Rev. Fathers MulrQy and WQlQhan, spiritual directQrs Gf who. gave her repO.rt as chairman O.f study clubs Qn the diQ­ Denvf' and Pueblo. Deaneries, respectively, cQmmended the cesan bO.ard. She repQrted- 59 such clubs nO.w functiQning. wQrk oeing dGne thrQugh thGse channels. Fathers Bert­ Mrs. ThQmas G. Barry, study club chairman in the deanery, rand, Qf Grand J unctiGn, and FrQgel, Qf Greeley, also. .spGke led the discussiGn that fQllQwed. P. A. Mulrine, M. A., appreciatively O.f the wO.rk Qf CathGlic WQmen in their made a stirring appeal fQr participatiQn in the prQgram Qf lQcalities. Father LaJeunesse, Gf FQrt CQllins, realizing CathQlic ActiQ:p. by the laity. In his paper, "The Layman the value Qf the cQuncil's influence, has encGuraged the in CathQlic ActiQn," the speaker named three impQrtant affiliatiQn Qf a; study club and P. T. A. in his parish. prQblems that shQuld receive cQnstructive thO.ught frQm the Presiding at business and" luncheQn sessiQns were laity citing CGncrete remedies and. the means Qf effecting Mesdames T. A. CQsgriff, M. J. O'FallO.n, J. C. Hagus, them in each instance. Claude Mattingly, Qf Pueblo., GeGrge Shearer, Qf Pueblo., " P. T. A. and the Parish SchQGI," by the Rev. Joseph and Miss Mary CQughlin. CQmpGsing the cO.mmittee Qn o 'HerGn, pastGr Gf St. LQuis .Church, EnglewQQd, empha­ resQlutiO.ns were: Mrs. M. J. 0 'FallQn, Mrs. J. C. Hagus, sized the value Gf such QrganizatiGn. The discussiGn that Miss CGughlin, Mrs. Anna Fleming, Qf CQlGrado Springs, follGwed was led by Mrs. Alfred H. Rampe, under whQse and Mrs. D. G. MQnaghan. chairmanship Gn the diGcesan board three new P. T. A. 's have been fQrmed in parQchial schQGls. Taking part in the HE exhibits attracted attentiGn and favQrable CQm­ discussiGn were the Rev. J. J. DQnnelly, pastQr Gf St. T ment. They were frQm the manual training classes O.f Francis de Sales Church; the Rev. William Higgins, Qf St. St. Vincent's HQme and Mullen Home fQr bQYs, needlewQrk PhiIGmena's; Mrs. C. L. Ducy, Qf Pueblo.; Mrs. A. B. Shut­ and O.ther handicraft frQm GQGd Shepherd CQnvent, Queen tlewGrth, president Qf the State P. T. A.; Mrs. M ueUer and Qf Heaven and St. Clara's Orphanages, Little FIQwer and Mrs. D. F. Sullivan, past president Qf the Cathedral Rude Centers and pGsters frQm the P. T. A. Outstanding P.T.A. amQng the last was Qne by Sr. M. NQrbert, teacher in St. The fQllQwing directGrs were elected fQr a three-year Vincent de Paul's School. It cleverly depicted the uniGn term: Mesdames T. A. CGsgriff, P. J. Sullivan, W. C. O.f church, hQme and schQQl. The vacatiQn schQQls also. WeldGn, C. L. Ducy, W. C. Kimmins, Harry R. McGraw, displayed pGsters. Publicity O.f the diQcesan CQuncil and C. L. Griffith, William RiQrdan, Qf Salida; Misses Clara Denver deanery fGr the past year was assembled in a scrap CGurtney and Margaret FallQn. At a meeting Gf the bGard bGQk and exhibited by the press chairman. W O.ven rugs ofdirectGrs fGllQwing the afternQQn sessiQn the follGwing and beads shQwn by Miss Ernestine Trudel as the wGrk Gf officers were chGsen: Mrs. T. A. Cosgriff, pr~ident; Mrs. Mexicans in FGrt CQllins manifested a wGrthy effQrt Qn the J. C. Hagus, first vice-president; Mrs. Claude Mattillgly, part of these peQple to' be self-supPQrting. of Pueblo., secQnd vice president; Mrs. H. C. Denny, recGrd .. The Industrial CQnference fGrmed the prO.gram fQr ing secretary; Mrs. C. L. Ducy, Qf Pueblo., financial secre­ Thursday. The mO.rning was devO.ted to' c"auses O.f the de­ tary; Mrs. W. C. WeldGn, treasurer; Mrs. A. H. Rampe, pressiO.n and suggested remedies. PrO.f. RudO.lph BischQff, cGrrespGnding secretary; Mrs. Lee . Williams, Gf Pueblo., S. J., O.f Regis CQllege, asserted the great mQral cause to' be auditGr. the utter cQntempt fO.r the Ten CQmmandments and the mQral law. Walter E. RQIGff, prQfessO.r Gf ECQnO.mics, " HE bQard vGted to' renew membership in the N. C. C. W. CGlO.radG State SchQGI Qf Mines, in his address, "Remedies T fGr five QrganizatiGns in rural districts unable to' pay. fGr the DepressiGn," insisted that man must amend his It als~ apprQpriated ten dQllars to' help finance SGme VGl­ eCQnQmic and sQcial ideals and abandQn his "greed to' grGW unteer Mexican welfare wQrk being dQne in Greele-y. rich beYGnd the dreams O.f avarice. " BO.th speakers The evening sessiGn was made interesting by talks O.n ascribed the general cause O.f the depres- (Turn to page 31) April,1933 CATHOLIC ACTION 13

RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION· of the PUBLIC SCHOOL CHILD

MORE SERIOUS attention to the religious instruction needs of Catholic children attending public schools was vigorously urged by the Most Rev. Thomas K. Gorman, Bishop of . Reno, at the recent regional conference of the National Council of Catholic Women in San Francisco. It is known that not more than half of our children are attending Catholic schools and thereby getting the benefits of a regular religious trailling. The problem' of supply­ ing adequate religious instruction to the other fifty per cent is discussed in the following paragraphs taken from. Bishop Gorman's illuminating address.

By Most Rev. Thomas K. Gorman, D.D.

INCE so large a proportion of children in parishes Every such remote home should be supplied with the corre­ with schools attend public institutions, it would seem spondence courses in religion. Larger centers, diocesan Shigh time for us to speed up the development of a confraternities, religious communities and schools can be satisfactory program of instruction for public school chil­ of great service in this apostolate for isolated children both dren. There would seem to be an urgent demand for mod­ by supplying the texts to pO,or pastors on the desert and in ern programs of instruction to meet these needs to be the mountains and by correcting the papers and correspond­ applied in Sunday schools, weekday classes and vacation ing with the children. Personally I would like to see this schools .... work more emphasized than it is. In mulling over in my own mind ways and means of Where there is no parish school, the best solution of tIlEr recruiting the necessary man power to carry out this vast problem of instructing the children of the parish is found program of the Christian education of the public school in the establishment, where practicable, of a community of child, the idea has cj>me to me that we have a means at sisters devoted to catechetical work who can work in co­ hand, if we can find a way to use it. It is a difficult thing operation with the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. to found new religious communities for this work. They grow very slowly and, in the beginning at least, have H.ERE . ha.s been some development ~f such communi­ limited means and personnel. Why not, .then, expand the T tles WIthIn recent years and their work must be present program of our orders of teaching men and women encouraged and expanded and new recruits obtained from to meet modern needs...... existing teaching communities as suggested above .... Will it not be possible so to expand the program of the Until recent years one of the chief reasons why the teaching sisterhoods as to train a number of sisters for the instruction of the public school child was so poorly done, exclusive work with the public school child? I do not mean why effective work in most parishes was the exception merely for vacation schools or Sunday school classes, but rather than the rule has been the absence of any real pro­ year around instruction and home visitation. Two or more gram. Improper classroom facilities, poorly equipped such sisters could be stationed at the convents of their order teachers, badly arranged time schedules, clerical indiffer­ in parishes with schools to devote all their time to the teach­ ence, lack of satisfactory texts; and similar faults, explain ing of public school children in the parish where they reside the failure to attract the public school child and ,keep him and in the neighboring parishes without schools. in attendance. Happily the technique of instructi'on has now developed to the point where no pastor '8 work need HIS work might even be extended to the foundation of suffer from lack of a splendid program to use. T small convents in parishes and districts without Another reason why Sunday schools and weekday classes schools for the same sort of work. I can not see any valid have failed properly to instruct Catholic boys and girls is reason why some of the more progressive communities that the need of sufficient financial support was not realized. would not be able to throw their resources behind this There was a rather general reluctance to spend money movement to save the public school child to the Faith. At either for equipment or teachers. I think you will agree . least the matter is worth serious thought .... with me that a parish with a parish school costing $100,000 It is not my purpose to say anything about the various or more and a maintenance cost running into the thousands problems facing city and rural parishes. However, the annually can hardly be deemed to have taken care of the difficulties of the isolated family deserve brief mention.... o.ne-third of its children in the public (Turn to page 30) 14 CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1939

DIGEST of HOLY FATHER'S ALLOCUTION Delivered at the Secret Consistory Held in Vatican City March 13, 1933

A PRONOUNCEMENT of the greatest importance to Catholics everywhere and to the Christian world generally was .t1.. the allocution delivered by His Holiness, Pope Pius XI, at the Secret Consistory held in Vatican City, March 13, 1933. It was on this occasion that the Supreme Pontiff created eight new cardinals, two of whom he reserved in petto.. Among the six elevated to the cardinalate is His Eminence, Cardinal Fumasoni-Biondi, former Apostolic Delegate to the United States. Catholics are urged to study the full text of the Holy Father's allocution as brought to the United States by the N. C. W. C. News Service's special radiogram and supplied by the News Service to the Cath­ olic press of the country. For the benefit of those who wish to discuss the allocution at organization meetings where shortness of time prevents reading of the complete pronouncement, the digest supplied herewith will undoubtedly prove helpful. Attention is especially called to the excerpt from the llocution, dealing with the subject of Catholic Action, printed on page 4 of this issue. Other matters referred to in tLe allocution are as follows:

ENCYCLICALS RETURN OF DISSIDENTS NATIONALISM HE Holy Father gave first place in Another matter of deep consolation to In referring to the critical interna­ T his allocution to a mention of the the Holy Father, as noted in his allocu­ tional situation and his own efforts to Casti Connubii, Quadragesimo Anno and tion, is the return to the Roman unity promote peace between nations, the Holy Deus Scientiarum Dominus encyclicals, of many non-Catholics and dissidents of Father refers to the reciprocal mistrust, in order, as he said: "To attribute due the various Oriental Rites, a result which, conflicting interests, inadequate and fre­ honor to the paramount importance of after God, the Supreme Pontiff attributes quently contradictory measures "pro­ the matters treated in them" and to ex­ to the zeal of the Oriental bishops and posed and attempted by exaggerated and press again his zeal and concern for the clergy and to the harmonious coopera­ unjust nationalism." As both a substi­ sacred natUl1 e of the family, the equitable tion of missionaries and religious en­ tute and an antidote, he recommends the treatment of working men, and for an gaged in apostolic work in the East. dictates, inspirations and practice of ev l' wider and more vigorous develop­ ChTistian charity. ment of ecclesiastical studies. CATHOLIC ACTION ECONOMIC CRISIS ACTS OF HOLY SEE Reference to the results of Catholic Pointing out the importance of agree­ Action, a work which the Holy Father Touching on the plight, bTought on by ments entered into by the Holy See with appraises as "the very apple of Our eye," the economic crisis, of innocent children, various states intended to regulate the is given in the excerpts from the a locu­ the infirm and the aged, and the wide­ condition of religion and of the Church tion printed on page 4. spread suffering occasioned by deprecia­ tion of wages and continuation of unem­ therein, the Holy Father points with sat­ CHURCH EXTENSION isfaction to an act of the Holy See of ployment, the Holy FatheT dondemns Despite the difficulties of the times, the those who seek to take advantage of this this nature concluded with Baden, the Holy Father reviews with satisfaction third in a short time in Germany. general haTdship. In vigoTous language and gratitude the extension of the vari­ His Holiness denounces the "war on hu­ CELEBRATIONS ous facilities of the Church throughout man society, on religion, on God Him­ Among celebrations in which the Holy the world-seminaries, churches, presby­ self" waged by the enemies of political, Father had participated, either through teries, chapels~ither already completed social and religious order, in Russia, letters or in the persons of Cardinal or under active construction, especially Mexico, Spain, and in countries large and Legates were mentioned the Dublin Eu­ "in the teeming suburbs of our episcopal small in Central Europe. charistic Congress and the seventieth an­ city." The Holy Father expresses grate­ niversary of the apparitions at Lourdes. ful appreciation for faithful collabora­ DANGERS TO RELIGION His Holiness recalled that it was from tion in this regard to the Cardinal Vicar Until recently, the Holy Father said, Lourdes that he had set out eleven years of Rome and his fellow workers. his was the only voice pointing out the ago to take charge of the See of Milan. UNIVERSITY OF THE SACRED HEART serious danger that threatens Christian Recalling his pleasure at participating in civilization in each and every country in the Dublin Congress, not only through The Holy Father recalls two recent the world which enjoys its inestimable his Cardinal Legate, but also through his events connected with the University of benefits. "Our voice was alone," he said, living voice as transmitted by radio to the Sacred Heart (Milan, Italy): The "in indicating and urging a radical cure Ireland, the Holy Father praised the solemn and historical transfer of the and remedy; namely, the sound and solid event as "truly worthy of the Isle of university "that took place with such a principles of charity and justice and the Saints" and forever "singularly memo­ combination of divine intervention and fundamental, indestructible truths and rable in the records, all of them so glo­ human cooperation;" and the outcome of teachings on the value of souls and the rious, of the International Eucharistic the University Day recently held. dignity of the human individual, on man's Congresses." Bishops, clergy and devoted faithful of origin and destiny and his essential re­ all the parishes of Italy, even the small­ lations with God, his Creator, Redeemer, WORK OF CONGREGATIONS est, are praised for the happy culmina­ Lord and Judge, and with his fellowmen The allocution refers to the consoling tion of these events, which indicate, he and the rest of creation." While the . work of the Consistorial, Oriental and said, not only "a fine economic symp­ enemies of order and civil society pre­ the Propaganda Congregations, which he tom," but more than that, "a healthy tend to be opposed to all religion their commends for the development and in­ state of mind, lofty enough to manifest vehemence is directed, the Holy Father crease of ecclesiastical terri tories and a on so large a scale an appreciation of pointed out, against the Catholic reli­ harvest of conversions among the so noble an enterIlrise as university gion and the Catholic Church because of heathen. study." the unfailing safeguards and interpreta- April, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION 15 tion which she gives to her principles tered by a non-Catholic minister in con­ the door of the Vatican basilica, and or­ and teachings. travention of formal and explicit prom­ dered that the same ceremony be carried "We shall not cease," the Supreme Pon­ ises signed prior to the royal marriage. out on the same day at the same hour at tiff declared, "to raise Our voice for As these promises related to "a con­ the other patriarchal basilicas, designat­ truth, justice and humanity, for the very cession and dispensation of utmost grav­ ing his legates for these ceremonies­ salvation and wellbeing of countries and ity and importance, we could not but have Cardinals Belmonte, Marchetti-Selvag­ peoples, but still more for the proclama­ full and absolute trust that the promises giani and Cerretti. tion and defense of the rights of God made would be kept with that perfect ,To these legates the Holy Father and the rights of consciences, and souls loyalty that is to be expected, above all, grants the faculty of imparting the apos­ entrusted to the universal Fatherhood of a sovereign/' In view of the breaking tolic benediction with a plenary indul­ God has committed to Us." of the pledge and discussion of the event gence to be gained under the usual con­ far and wide, the Holy Father stated it ditions to all present at the sacred rite. FOES OF RELIGION to be his duty, in conscience, "to profit by MATTER OF THE ORIENTAL In view of the relentless assaults the occasion of this solemn assembly to CHURCHES against God and against all religion, fre­ free Ourselves, in the sight of God and quently against the Catholic religion and man, of all responsibility.'" The Holy The Holy Father referred with deep satisfaction to important matters con­ the Catholic Church, the Holy Father Father held the royal mother innocent in cerning two illustrious Oriental churches, asks all ."to reflect and consider whether all that happened, pointing out that she' the Armenian Patriarchate of Cilicia and and to what extent the present war on had in no way cooperated or given con­ the Maronite Patriarchate of Antioch. God, more impious and provocative than sent to the non-Catholic baptism. He recalled that, upon the death of the ever before, is responsible for the world­ Concluding his remarks on this matter, Armenian Patriarch 0f Cilicia, the bishops wide catastrophes of war and economic the Holy Father said: "To say and to of the same rite, assembled in synod, crisis from which all are still suffering make believe, as has been done, that such elected A vedis Peter Arpiarim, Titular so terribly on every hand." a ,course was taken by reason of superior motives of public weal, brings sorrow­ Archbishop of Anazarbo, and that the as­ Recalling the divine promise of aid, the sembled bishops, as well as the patriarch­ Supreme Pontiff points out that the ene­ fully to mind the divine words, so for­ gotten and ignored today, and yet so elect, sent him most affectionate letters mies and persecutors of the Church of full of Catholic sentiments, begging con­ Christ have all, one after the other, fallen worthy of serious meditations, particu­ larly on the part of statesmen-'Justice firmation of the election. Following fav­ and vanished, and that the Church stands orable consideration of the matter by the "more than ever trustful of her future, exalteth a nation, but sin maketh nations miserable.' " cardinals of the Sacred Congregation for even though trials and sorrows assume at the Oriental Rite, the Holy Father stated times proportions and forms so par­ HOLY YEAR OF JUBILEE that he determined to ratify and confirm ticularly distressing." The recently promulgated Jubilee and the election. This he then solemnly pro­ PROSELYTIZING BY PROTESTANTS Holy Year, the Holy Father stated, is in­ ceeded to do. tended to be, with God's grace, a year of Following a similar procedure, the Among the distressing trails to greater , expiation and remission of sin, of Holy Father likewise confirmed the elec­ which the Church is subjected His Holi­ a seeking and practice of justice in every tion of Elias Peter Huayek as Patriarch ness names the Protestant proselytism, department of Christian life. Cherishing of Antioch of the Maronites, confirming sometimes "cautious and cunning," at full and perfect confidence that it will be and ratifying the election and postulation other times "unabashed and provocative," a year of spiritual exaltation for the made by the Maronite bishops. that is practiced throughout Italy, espe­ whole Christian world and for all man­ NAMING OF CARDINALS cially in Rome, city of his episcopal see. kind, and secondly, a relief from the The Holy Father calls upon the bishops hardship and miseries with which the Filling vacancies in the Sacred College and clergy and all the faithful, especially world is so sorely afflicted, the Supreme of Cardinals, the Holy Father selected the supporters of Catholic Action; to Pontiff asks the prayers of all for the eight new cardinals, two of whom he re­ watch, pray and labor to forestall this realization of these spiritual benefits. served in petta. Those named are: evil and to defend "the most sacred herit­ Angelo Maria Dolci, Titular Arch­ age of our fathers, the Catholic Faith OPENING OF THE DOORS bishop of Hierapolis, Syria, and Apostolic and Catholic life." Referring to the custom of beginning Nuncio in Rumania; Pietro Fumasoni­ the Holy Year by opening the doors of Biondi, Titular Archbishop of Doclea and BULGARIAN RULER'S BREACH OF the patriarchal basilic.as as a symbol of Apostolic Delegate to the United States FAITH the more abundant bestowal of the spir­ of America; Maurilio Fossati, Archbishop Another matter painful to His Holi­ itual treasure of the Church on all who of Turin; Rodrique Villeneuve, Arch­ ness, mentioned in his allocution, was the avail themselves of the extraordinary bishop of Quebec; Elia Dalla Costa, baptism of a royal infant (born to the benefits of the Holy Year, the Supreme Archbishop of Florence, and Theodor In­ king and queen of Bulgaria), adminis- Pontiff stated that he himself would open nitzer, Archbishop of Vienna.

______~I------Aiding the Work of Catholic Evidence-ContinL~ed from·page 10 Loyola University, New Orleans; WEW, St. Louis University, in this field, such as the Paulist Press, America Press, Queen's St. Louis; WHAD, Marquette University, Milwaukee; WHBY, Work Press, Our Sunday Visitor Press, our own N. C. W. C. St. Norbert's College, Green Bay, Wisconsin; WHBC, Rev. E. P. Publications Department, and others, and has directed many in­ Graham, Canton, Ohio; and KGY, St. Martin's College, 'Lacey, quirers to them and to the various Catholic Truth Societies, the Washington) and the one sectional (Catholic Truth Period, International, the English, the Australian, that of San Fran­ Yankee Network) and three national (CATHOLIC HOUR, cisco, etc. It has also relied much upon the publishers of Catho­ Church of the Air, and The Golden Hour of the Little Flower) lic books, and has recommended their publications on every pos­ broadcasts on commercial networks, twenty-three local broad­ sible occasion. casts on commercial stations. This information has been avail­ While not in itself of a strictly evidential character, the work able at the bureau to whomever requested it. While there are of study clubs greatly assists the evidence movement and very probably other broadcasts of which the bureau has not been able to learn, it is felt that this number is very gratifying. often leads to actual participation in it; and the bureau, with Catholic Publishers. The bureau has utilized much of the the aid of the general Study Club Committee of the N. C. W. C., pamphlet literature available at the various houses publishing has made every effort to foster such clubs.

------~------?1 V MONTH by MONTH

Fulton J. Sheen, professor of the Philosophy of Religion at the CATHOLIC ACTION Catholic University of America, will deliver a series of medita­ OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE tions on the "Seven Last Words." The musical portion of this program will be conducted by NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE CONFERENCE Rev. William J. Finn, C. S. P., director of the Paulist Choir­ "We have grouped together, uruler the National isters and the Medievalists, both of which organizations win Oatholio Welfare Oonference, the various agenoie. take part in the program. Miss Hazel Arth, contralto, will by which the cause of religion is furthered. Each of sing the Aria from Bach, "Bleed and Break." The Choristers these continuing its OWn 8pecial work in it. chosen will render Lotti's magnificent eight-part "Crucifixus," the field •will fIoOW derive additiornll support Mrough g~ral cooperation." motet "Exclamans Jesus" of Palestrina, and "Here Rest Awhile, -From the 1919 Pastoral Letter of the o Savior Blest," also from the St. Matthew Passion of Bach. Archbishops and Bishops of the U. 8. The program will emanate from Station WEAF, New York, N. C. W. C. Administrative Committee and will be broadcast from 6 to 7 p. m., Eastern Standard Time. MOST REV. EDWARD J. HANNA, D.D., Archbishop of San Rev. Dr. Paul Hanly Furfey, associate professor in the Francisco, chairman of the committee and of the Executive Department of Sociology, Catholic University of America, will Department; MOST REV. THOMAS F. LILLIS, D.D., Bishop of open a series of six radio addresses on the Catholic Hour, on Kansas City, vice-chairman). and chairman, Department of Social Sune y, April 23. Action; MOST REV. JOHN U. MURRAY, S.T.D., Archbishop of St. Paul, treasurer, and chairman, Legal Department; MOST REV. Th' general title of his series will be "The Church and the JOHN F. NOLL, D.D., Bishop of Fort Wayne, secretary; MOST Child," and ~he individual addresses will be: "The Divine Ex­ REV. JOHN T. MoNICHOLAS, O.P., S.T.M., Archbishop of Cin­ ample," , St. Basil and the Traffic in Children," "St. Elizabeth cinnati, chairman, Department of Education; MOST REV. JOSEPH and the Poor," "St. John Baptist De La Salle and His Free SOHREMBS, D.D., Bishop of Cleveland, chairman, Department of Lay Organizations; and MOST REV. HUGH C. BoYLE, D.D., Schools," "Don Bosco and the Boy's Leisure Time," and "Thomas Bishop of ~ittsburgh, chairman, Press Department. Maurice Mulry and Organized Child Care." Assistant Bishops, Administrative Committee . MOST REV. SAMUEL A. STaITOH, D.D., Archbishop of Mil­ Pope Receives in Special Audience waukee; MOST REV. EDWARD F. HOBAN, D.D., Bishop of Rock­ Father Burke, General Secretary, N. C. W. c. ford; MOST REV. EMMET M. WALSH, D.D., Bishop of Charles­ ton; MOST REV. JOSEPH F. RUMMEL, D.D., Bishop of Omaha: I N THE course of a long and most cordial audience, accorded MOST REV. JOHN F. O'HERN, D.D., Bishop of Rochester; and the Rev. John J. Burke, C. S. P., S. T. D., general secretary MOST REV. EDWIN V. O'HARA, D.D., Bishop of Great Falls. of the N. C. W. C., on March 15, 1933, His Holiness, Pope Pius REV. JOHN J. BURKE, C.S.P., S.T.D. General Secretary XI, manifested his deep interest in the Church in America and praised the Catholics of the United States for their unity of CHARLES A. MoMAHON action under their archbishops and bishops through the National Editor Catholic Welfare Conference. Father Burke was in Rome as a representative of the Administrative Committee, National Opinion, elDpre'8oo in articles published in thu Catholic Welfar Conference, at the elevation of His Eminence, magazine are to be regarded. as th08e of the re,pec­ tive contributor,. They do not neces8arily carry Cardinal Fumasoni-Biondi, former Apostolic Delegate to the with them the formal approval of the Administra.­ United States, to membership in the Sacred College of Cardinals. tive Oommittee. National Oatholic Welfare Oon­ The Holy Father expressed to Father Burke his firm belief ference. that the United States would weather the current financial storm in the most capable fashion and would soon emerge com­ pletely from the difficult period the country has had to face. Cardinal Pacelli Laud~ Work His Holiness also exhibited a touching solicitude for the sufferers of Bishops in Activities of N. C. W. C. in the recent California earthquake. HE minutes of the general meeting of the archbishops and The Supreme Pontiff particularly voiced his appreciation of T bishops of the United States held at the Catholic University the religious liberty which characterizes the United States, last November, and the annual reports on the work of the where the Church is enabled to work in complete freedom and various departments and bureaus of the National Catholic Wel­ to make its contribution to the upbuilding of the nation. fare Conference presented at that meeting "are a very real evi­ The N. C. W. C. News Service's account of the interview dence of the many onerous problems which the American bishops reported Father Burke as saying that the Holy Father, despite are facing so courageously," His Eminence Eugenio Cardinal his tremendous duties, is clearly in excellent health. Pacelli, Papal Secretary of State, declares in a letter acknowl­ Miss Agnes G. Regan, executive secretary of the National edging receipt of these reports. Council of Catholic Women, and Bruce M. Mohler, director of the N. C. W. C. Bureau of Immigration, were also present at Cardinal Pacelli's letter, addressed to the M'ost Rev. Edward the elevation of Cardinal Fumasoni-Biondi, who has been named J. Hanna, Archbishop of San Francisco and . chairman of the Prefect of the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of Administrative Committee of bishops of the National Catholic the Faith. Welfare Conference, who forwarded the documents to Rome, prays "our Lord to grant His choicest blessings on the work of this eminent body of the American Hierarchy for the welfare Msgr. Arnleto Giovanni Cicognani of Holy Mother Church." Appointed Apostolic Delegate to the United States Cardinal Pacelli states that he· read the minutes of the bishops' meeting and the reports of the N. C. W. C. departments IS Excellency, Monsignor Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, has and bureaus with great interest. H been named Apostolic Delegate to the United States, suc­ ceeding His Eminence, Cardinal Fumasoni-Biondi. Monsignor Cicognani is well known as a brilliant and Catholic Hour to Feature Special efficient administrator. He is moreover a celebrated author­ ity on Canon Law, being the author of two highly praised Program on Palm Sunday, April 9 volumes on this subject. He is .also widely known as a professor SPECIAL P ALM SUNDAY program of one hour's dura­ of Canon Law, and is an educator deeply interested in all the A tion, has been arranged for the Catholic Hour, sponsored latest and best developments in the field of pedagogy. by the National Council of Catholic Men, on April 9. Rev. Dr. Monsignor Cicognani's broad acquaintance with the United 14 the N. c. w. c. States comes from two visits he has paid to this country, on "The Catholic Hierarchy of the United States is in each of which he traveled extensively. hearty accord with President Roosevelt in his fine spiritual Commenting on the appointment of the new delegate, the outlook, in his great confidence in the institutions of our Very Reverend Monsignor Paul Marella, charge d'affaires in beloved country. They praise him for the courage that Washington, expressed himself to a correspondent of the he pas infused into the hearts of our citizens. N. C. W. C. News Service as follows: "For the success of his difficult work, they would ask our "The Church in the United States is indeed fortunate to faithful children to pray upon our new Executive clear receive as the personal representative of His Holiness, Pope vision and abundant strength that he may be equal to the Pius XI, a prelate who is not only distinguished in several task which ·now he assumes, as he becomes the instrument lines of endeavor, but also is equipped with a first-hand in the hands of the Almighty to direct our people into that knowledge of the Church in this country and has a deep measure of spiritual and temporal welfare which is the high sympathy with its problems. Monsignor Cicognani is a purpose of all government." worthy successor to our beloved Cardinal Fumasoni-Biondi, and we may be sure that he will give all of himself, his talents, his time and his energy to the progress of the N. C. C. M. Executive Board Chooses Church in the United States." New Executive Secretary-Henry L. Caravati M. T THE meeting of the N. c. c. M. Executive Committee, N. C. C. Executive Committee A elsewhere referred to, Henry L. Caravati wac; appointed Holds Special Meeting in Washington, D. C. executive secretary of the National Council of Cab.olic Men HE Executive Committee of the National Council of Cath­ succeeding Charles F. Dolle. ,. T olic Men met at N. c. c. M. headquarters in Washington, Mr. Caravati is a graduate of Mt. St. Joseph's College, con­ D. C., on March 4-6, 1933, to adjust the operation of the council ducted by the Xaverian Brothers, at Baltimore. He studied for to the altered economic conditions and to make plans for the three years at the Medical College of Virginia, and for two coming year. sessions at Northwestern University, Chicago, in the School for Those present were: Dr. Thomas E. Purcell, K. S. G., presi­ Commercial Organization Secretaries. dent; Joseph M. Tally, vice president; Dr. Benjamin H. Swint, His business experience includes four years spent with the secretary; Francis W. Lowther, treasurer; Charles F. Dolle, Virginia State Chamber of Commerce, in the capacity of executive secretary; Walter T. Johnson, former president; organization secretary, and manager of the Travel Bureau; one Frederick J. Mix; Richard Reid; and Bernard J. Rothwell. His year as assistant secretary to the Detroit Board of Commerce; Excellency, Most Rev. Joseph Schrembs, Bishop of Cleveland and six years in the advertising and publishing business. He and episcopal chairman of the Lay Organizations Department of was in charge of the "All British Party" which toured the the National Catholic Welfare Conference, and the Rev. Michael United States in 1928 ,and of the· Latin American Journalists J. Ready, assistant general secretary of the N. C. W. C., were who toured it in 1927. He personally conducted the tour of the also present. Brazilian delegation in the same year. Mr. Dolle, executive secretary of the N. C. C. M. for the past The recipient of a decoration from Benito Mussolini Prime seven years, submitted his resignation, which was accepted by Minister of Italy, with the title of Cavalier of the C~own of the committee, and Henry L. Caravati was appointed in his Italy, he has also been honored by a citation from Sir Esme place. Mr. Dolle was complimented upon his service in the posi­ Howard, former British Ambassador to Washington. He is a tion of executive secretary, especially in the major part he former deputy grand knight, Richmond Council, Knights of played in establishing the Catholic Hour. It was decided, among Columbus, a present member of the McGill Catholic Union of other things, to organize a "Guild of. the Catholic Hour" for Richmond, and a first lieutenant on the staff of the Adjutant those who are contributing towards its maintenance. General of Virginia. A telegram was sent to His Excellency, Most Rev. Wm. A. Hickey, Bishop of Providence, congratulating him upon the campaign being waged in his diocese to combat the distribution 'N. C. C. W. Units Active in and sale of obscene literature and offering the assistance of Clean Films and Clean Literature Campaigns the National Council of Catholic Men. The meeting also adopted a resolution expressing the bereavement of the executive com­ AM.P AIGNS for cleaner motio~ pictures .and literature are mittee at the death of Thomas R. Nolan, of Cleveland, former C bemg waged by a number of dIOcesan umts of the National Council of Catholic Women. member of the committee. In the Archdiocese of Dubuque, a vigorous protest, pointing out the immortality of much of the film product, was signed by President Thanks Archbishop Hanna the 15 deanery presidents as well as the archdiocesan council For Prayers Asked for His Administration president, representing 25,000 Catholic women, and sent to nine motion picture producers. The protest was widely printed in CKNOWLEDGING the statement by the Most Rev. Edward the Catholic press. A J. Hanna, Archbishop of San Francisco and chairman of In the Seattle Diocese, a movement which originated in the the Administrative Committee of bishops of the National Cath­ local council and which has spread throughout the diocese, plans olic Welfare Conference, who lauded the "fine spiritual outlook" the withholding of patronage from theaters offending through of the new chief executive of the United States, President the showing of indecent films. Franklin D. Roosevelt has assured Archbishop Hanna that he The organiz~tion of a vigilance committee which will cooper­ is "grateful indeed" for the prayers asked for his administra­ ate with the Providence Police Department in the regular tion. President Roosevelt's letter to Archbishop Hanna follows: inspection of private circulating libraries has been launched by "I have received through the courtesy of Father Ready the Providence Diocesan Council of Catholic Women. The the very thoughtful and very gratifying message of com­ council proposes to maintain unceasing surveillance over stores mendation and good will which you have been so good as in every section of the city. The police department is compiling to send to me, and I wish to thank you most heartily for it. a list of books, possession, sale or distribution of which will I am grateful indeed for your prayers." mean immediate arrest and prosecution. Archbishop Hanna's statement, presented at the White House This action is an outgrowth of the resolution adopted by the by Rev. Michael J. Ready, assistant genera] secretary of the council endorsing the "campaign of the Providence Visitor to N. C. W. C., read as follows: rid the state of obscene literature." 17 18 CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1933

NEED of CATHOLIC LEADERSHIP By Rt. Rev.John W. Sullivan, S.T.L.

NOTE--Particularly pertinent to this month's study topic-HEvidencing Our Catholic Faith and Preventing Leakage'''-as presented on pages 19-21 ' of this issue, are the remarks of Monsignor Sullivan, rector of Mission Dolores, San F?'ancisco, and moderator of the'S'an Francisco Archfliocesan Council, N. C. C. W., as delivered at the recent regional meeting held in the .see city of ·the San Francisco Archdiocese. Prefacing the excerpts from his address quoted herewith, Monsignor Sullivan said: "If the Church needs to expose and expound her theology and philosophy, and if every one is to put his hand to the work which is there for him to do, then it strikes me that we must all begin with IQ, knowledge of the work which we are to undertake-a knowledge of the philosophy and the theology which as Catholics we are lo use to influence the thought of the world, whether it be for peace, for . social welfare, for general education, or for any other definite purpose."

N OUR Catholic Action we need to begin with o~r head. theology of our Church if we do not know it? We demand I In other words, we should know what the Church teaches, representation. Who is going to represent us? A couple of what her principles are, both in faith and in morals. Once ~sts. Where are the laymen who should be on the com­ we have the knowledge' then we can go out armed with the m lL tees appointed for soci.al and educational work? Where are power that knowledge brings and with the warmth of love for they? We simply have not had them. our Faith which we already possess and enjoy. Now this National Catholic Welfare Conference is formed The formation of the Catholic apostolate was conceived very with the idea of preparing them, and when we need Catholic many years ago. There was a great rising through the country representation we have the men, lay and cleric, who can stand by the Paulist Fathers, backed up by the distinguished prelate out and say: "This is ours." of St. Paul~ Archbishop Ireland, and supported whole-heartedly by His Eminence, Cardinal Gibbons, of Baltimore. . A hue and cry were raised in many parts of the country by ND when I say men I mean women as well. Do not make any the laymen and the clergy. There was, however, lacking a very A mistakes about my terminology. And, believe, me, if we definite program, and where you have merely suggestions and have intelligent women to represent our Church in every phase principle, and where you are lacking a well-conceived and of activity and in governmental needs, they will do more than thought-out program, you do not get very, far. any number of men. There is no more enthusiasm than that The' 1;alk of the lay apostolate finally died out. The orators, which the women have and none more ready to sacrifice all with all of their very glittering generalities, used up all their things for the thing they love or the thing to which they are mighty forces and no work was done. The call of Father Hecker devoted than the splendid women of our country. It is women's and the sounding voice of Leo XIII were all very good, but they gift; it js your gift. You have already made more sacrifices did not get us very far. There was no accomplishment. for your Church here than all the Catholic men's organizations Thanks be to God and to the wisdom of our hierarchy and to put together. In fact, we would have no men's organizations if the support of our laity, there was established the National you women did n

------~------April, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION 19

~ APRIL STUDY TOPIC-"EvIDENCING OUR CATHOLIC FAITH and PREVENTING LEAKAGE" What It Means to Evidence Our Faith; The Field of Evidencing Our Faith; Practical Methods of Evidencing Our Faith

NOTE-CATHOLIO AOTION plans to publish monthly during the'study club season a series 0/ Oatholic Action programs covering certain selected fields. These programs are intended to help to realize our Holy Father's wishes for a larger "participation of the laity in the apostolate of the heirarchy," and to effect a better understanding of the subjects treated, thereby aiding the laity in "thinking and living" their lives as Oatholics and shaping "all 80ciety and all social in,stit1,(,tions to the model of Ohrist." Each monthly program will ordinarily present the facts of a summary of the subject leading to conclusions and possibilitie8 for action by individual8 and organizations. ' Each program wW furnish material, together with appropriate references, which will enable Oatholic organizatio'lts to have at their meetings three brief discussions of the given 8ubject. For 8tudy clubs and other groups a series of questions will be appended, when possible, to br,ing out the main points of the temt. The May topic of discussion will be "INDUSTRIAL PROBLEMS." I. What It Means to Evidence Our Faith HE CATHOLIC CHURCH is ever mindful of the commis'j known to all. Where religion has not been completely divorced sion given the Apostles by her Divine Founder: "Going from the lives of individuals, peoples and nations its place has T therefore, teach ye all nations." Throughout the centuries, been largely subordinated and its influence greatly minimized. according to needs and conditions, 'she has put into operation The result is a swiftly developing chaos which only the applica­ methods and agencies designed to aid the spread of Christ's tion of the principles of the Catholic religion can remedy. kingdom among peoples everywhere. This evidencing of the It is hardly necessary, either, to state why Catholics them­ Catholic religion has for its twofold purpose conserving and selves should more fully cooperate in the organized evidencing -intensifying the faith of her own children and bringing non­ of the Catholic religion. In these days of widespread exposure believers into the Church. At the present time particularly, to a multiplicity of pagan influences the most convinced Catho­ spurred on by the unexampled zeal of His Holiness, Pope Pius lic needs to take advantage of every agency recommended by XI-known among other titles as "Pope of the Missions," "Pope ecclesiastical authority for the protection and conservation of of Conversions," and "Pope of Catholic Action"-the Church is his faith and thereby to preserve and maintain the needed in­ laboring -throughout the world to confirm and strengthen the fluence of the Church. Further, convinced and zealous Catholics faithful in theip. holy religion and to enlighten and convert must work not only for themselves but also for indifferent and those outside her fold. ill-informed Catholics for whom these paganistic threats to a The Holy Father has not hesitated to make use of every de­ thoroughly Catholic life are of even greater danger. vice, including the radio, that would forward the work of evi­ We may evidence the Faith by presenting the direct reasons dencing Catholic Truth. Through encyclicals, apostolic letters, for the truth of the Faith of Christ. In this type of evi­ allocutions, the Supreme Pontiff has given vigorous support to dencing, Catholic Action seeks to help in the work of bringing the immutable teachings of Christ's Church, rockbound to him the knowledge of the Faith to non-Catholics and it seeks to help as Christ's 'earthly vicar. He pleads again and again for the Catholics to know the Faith thoroughly and live it. It is always Christian education of youth; for social purity, chaste marriage a participating, never a detached or isolated apostleship, since and the holiness of the Christian home; for the dignity of the Church is one and its leaders are given to us in the bishops. human labor, for economic justice and a truly Christian social order; for concord, Christian brotherhood and true religious GREAT part of the work of Catholic Action is an indirect unity between nations and peoples. He calls insistently upon A manifestation of the Faith. The normal work of an active his faithful children the world over to enlist in the great move­ Catholic lay organization, the normal life of a thorough Catho­ ment which he has designated "Catholic Action"-a movement lic, living his Faith in all his activities, is always an evidencing which seeks the sanctification of individual souls and the ex­ oJ the Faith. tension of Christ's earthly kingdom. To non-Catholics, lay men and women will prove by the work This evidencing of our faith through Catholic Action takes of their organizations and by their own lives that Christ and into consideration certain fundamental facts: The Catholic the Church of Christ are worth .knowing better. To indifferent Church is the true Church of Christ; the Catholic Church is Catholics, they will show that indifference to ' Christ and His not an exclusive church; the Catholic Church is Christ's es­ Faith seems senseless and ungrateful. To the Catholics who tablished means for the salvation of souls and societies. That keep their Faith reserved f or Sunday morning and for a part these truths may be known by all and lived up to by all-liter­ only of the week's activities, they will show the inconsistency ally all and in every way-is of the essence of the aims of of formally worshipping Christ and then of not thinking and Catholic Action, the organized participation of the laity in the living His Faith. And to the . Catholics themselves who live apostolate of the hierarchy to make society Christian, the laity's and work in Catholic Action, the very experience in organized organized share in the mission of the Church. and united action under the bishops to Christianize society will Catholic Action is from one point of view a vast evidencing unfold the beauty of the Faith., The soul will grow with the of the Faith. And because Catholic Action is an organized growth of the united organization and its work. evidencing, it does its work under the divinel~ ordained teachers The Church has authorized various means and societies, oper­ and rulers of the Faith. ating within the sphere of her purely religious activities, As stated, Catholic Action seeks to make its evidencing effec­ whereby Catholics may develop their spiritual lives and thereby tive among two main groups-those without and those within approach that personal Christiim perfection which is a pri­ the Catholic Church. It is hardly necessary to state :why non­ mary, but not the sole, aim of Catholic Action. She has like­ Catholics as individuals, why whole peoples, why society in gen­ wise provided and urged the fullest use of other means and eral need our Catholic faith. All life about us-civic, social, other agencies operating within the sphere of her social mission family, economic, intellectual, political-is suffering in ways whereby the faithful, under the leadership of their bishops and 20 CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1933 clergy, may unite in thought and action to advance the cause bishops, priests and laity-to imitate his example. Hence it of religion. These agencies, some of which are enumerated in is most fitting that the archbishops and bishops of the United Section III of this discussion, give our Catholic people the op­ States, through their officially established and conducted center portunity to work unitedly and in an organized way to spread and clearing house of Catholic Action, the National Catholic the truths of the Catholic religion among non-Catholics and at Welfare Conference and its Lay Organizations Department, the same time to influence, through their own good example, should intensify their efforts nationally and locally in this apos­ indifferent Catholics to lead more completely Catholic lives. In tolate with the two fold object in mind: To develop a more en­ these ways converts are won to the Church, our own people lightened, a more zealous and a more unified Catholic body; to become more confi:r:med in their religion and the possible defec­ inform the life of America of right fundamental principles of tion of indifferent Catholics is prevented. religion and morality. The realization of these objectives will The Holy Father's striking exemplification of the apostolate . surely result in a more zealous and more numerous Catholic of Catholic evidence has inspired Catholics the world over- body. II. The Field of Evidencing Our Faith HE FIELD OF CATHOLIC evidence is wide, as wide as press and radio. The principal medium of the Catholic press life itself. There is no activity of life in which men have is, of course, the diocesan weekly newspaper, supplied with T not the opportunity to give proof of the Faith that is in Catholic news from the four corners of the earth by the N. O. them. W. O. News Se'rvwe. The regular reading of the Catholic Exemplary Catholic living, faithful service and upright con­ neWf:: per, the work of increasing its circulation, and thereby duct in private, business and public life are always evidence of its in ence, is a field of apologetics of first importance. There virile Faith and moral security. But men are not always are the weekly and monthly magazines which, too, have their equipped to analyze what they see around them or to identify apologetiC'message. Catholic apologetical literature ill the form spirituality in living and stability in society with those un­ of excellent and well written books in theology, devotional changing principles of Christian life of which the Catholic literature, history, art and belles-lettres, fiction, etc., is a grow­ Church is the sole guardian and interpreter. ing field for evidencing our Faith. In this regard may be men­ Therefore the field of Catholic evidence has to be more de­ tioned also Catholic book clubs which seek to center attention tailed and specific and, in order to have the best results, should on the worth-while books. be identified with particular problems of preserving the Faith Supplementing the Catholic book is the Catholic pamphlet and of spreading the Faith. which may reach a larger group than does the book. This has In the task of preserving the Faith, the field of work is within become a very important field of apologetics in recent years the Church itself. It must begin at the earliest period of life through such pioneers as the Paulist Press, the Sunday Visitor possible and, therefore, belongs to the home. The spiritual, Press, the American Press, the International Catholic Truth, moral, and economic condition of the family is the certain Society and the many other Catholic truth societies at home measure of the spiritual, moral and economic condition of and abroad. These pamphlets are found in racks in many society. Further, the future problem of Catholic evidence de­ churches and should be used liberally, for themselves and for pends in great measure as to its simplicity or complexity upon oth!!rs, by Catholics. Many zealous Catholic groups have in­ the strength and virility which it thus receives at the outset. stalled Catholic bookracks in railroad stations, hotel lobbies, One can realize then the importance of the duty devolving on department stores and other public places. Catholic parents in the four million or so Catholic homes in Powerfully supplementing the Catholic press and reaching the nation and through them upon the teachers in the more the minds of those who may never see a Catholic paper or than 10,000 Catholic schools of the country, supplemented by magazine is Catholic radio broadcasting. Outstanding in this Sunday schools, week day religious ·classes and re.1igious vaca­ tion schools. field of action is the Catholic Hour sponsored by the National Council of Catholic Men. There are many other Catholic broad­ With this background and the sense of obligation to know casts over stations in Catholic universities and over commercial their Faith instilled into children in their early years, the fieJd stations, the work and influence of which is incalculable. logically extends into those centers of organized activity to be Notable conversions are known to have taken place through found in every parish, the Catholic societies of this or that this instrumentality. interest, which ought always to be related to, if not secondary to one of the chief purposes of Catholic organization, namely, evidencing and spreading the Faith either in the simpler form HIS leads to a consideration of one of the most important of elementary Catholic truths and practices, or in the more T fields of Catholic evidence and of spreading the Faith-the practical form of their application to social and other problems. presentation to non-Catholics of Catholic doctrine and its ap­ The life of the individual is evidence of his Faith, but his plications. It may consist of lectures and open forum discus­ influence is limited. Bound together in local, diocesan, and sions. There are today many missions to non-Catholics, and national organizations the influence of the individual and of also societies devoted to this field of apologetics such as the the group extends and increases. Unified and conscious of a Catholic Converts' League and the Converts' League of the common purpose the influence of the whole Catholic body is Catholic Daughters of America. There has been developed and enhanced, its member-parts are re-invigorated, and the whole extended a most promising field for open discussion under the life and movement of the group are inspired and directed more various forms of Catholic evidence guilds holding meetings in intelligently towards the aims of Catholic Action. halls, public parks and other places. New opportunities are Thus the very existence of intelligent, organized activity on opening every day to bring the Faith directly to non-Catholics. the part of Catholics is in itself a principal work of Catholic Among other methods of apologetics may be included sub­ evidence. It is direct in as much as it may bring about the scribing to Catholic papers for non-Catholics or remailing actual application of Catholic principles to social, economic or papers to them, actively circulating papers, pamphlets and political problems. National, diocesan, and regional conven­ books or recommending them and making them better known. tions always focus attention on the Catholic Body. There is A very useful and important work along this line is to have always an indirect and highly valuablE' influence in the sense Catholic books and periodicals placed in public and circulating that the social body is always kept conscious of the existence libraries. Everyone can be active in this and make himself an and beneficent works of organized Catholic action of one form apostle of light. or another, the cooperation of which is frequently sought out­ La~tly may be cited a field of work which is more circum­ side the ·Church. scribed because it requires good background and education along Apart from the recognized pastoral function of the Church with natural talent. This is the frequent contributing of con­ to teach and explain the Gospel and its applications, two of structive and enlightening articles, letters, etc., on Catholic' the chief instruments of Catholic apologetics today are the questions to secular papers and magazines. April, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION • 21

Related to this work is that of presenting in secular meet­ stances. Experience is that persons will give a willing and ings, public forums, etc., the Catholic viewpoint or the solution often sympathetic ear. of a problem according to Catholic principles. This often A note of warning may here be given, and that is against , requires tact and courage and naturally sound knowledge and Catholics rushing into print without adequate knowledge or ability. The same observation applies in lesser degree to con­ background where matters of Catholic doctrine are concerned. versations in which there is evident misunderstanding of Catho­ Often -more harm than good is done and it is a good rule to lic doctrine. An educated and competent Catholic ought never eonsult with some competent authority before taking such to be afraid to disclose or expound his Faith in such circum- action. III. Practical Methods of Evidencing Our Faith N THE PRESENTATION OF METHODS of spreading and impudently pursued" and r'eminds us that "all the faithful, the Faith and retaining it, two facts should be kept in and especially the supporters of Catholic Action, are strictly I mind, namely, that the present economic and moral crisis, and seriously obliged to make reparations for this offense, to while it has motivated many Catholics to become more zealous, curb and remedy this harm, to watch, pray and labor to fore­ has also made some of them indifferent, and has apparently stall the evil wherever possible, and to defend the most precious been the means of causing others outside the fold to turn to treasure * 1ft * the Catholic Faith and 'Catholic life." it for guidance. Ample opportunities to extend Catholic doctrine hre afforded Unquestionably a more intimate knowledge of practical apolo­ by our active cooperation with and extension of the Catholic getics by the active Catholic has taught him the proper rela­ Evidence GuHd, the Narberth Movement, the Catholic Unity tionship of Catholic doctrine to his dealings with his fellowmen League, the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, the Catholic and his work. This same person cannot avoid influencing his Instruction League, the Catholic Evidence Bureau of the N. C. neighbor by unflinchingly practicing his beliefs although con­ C. M., the Converts' League, the Catholic Laymen's Association stantly surrounded by coun:ter-influences based on impractical of Georgia, the Society for the Propagation of the Faith, the and false philosophies. Further evidence of his Christian pur­ Church Extension Society and other like groups. pose, resulting from the study of practical apologetics, is Other constructive agencies in this regard are the confer­ demonstrated by his good example to Catholics themselves, by ences held by, e. g., the Catholic Conference on Industrial drawing the unmoored and restless souls of others out of in­ Problems, the Catholic Association for International Peace, the differentism or despair into hope and spiritual satisfaction. By Catholic Rural Life Bureau, the National Council of Catholic his patient explanation of the teachings of the True Faith he Women, the National Council of Catholic Men, the Interna­ can help crush ignorance, suspicion and prejudice which more . tional Federation of Catholic Alumnae and other similar or­ commonly grow in the outlying areas of restricted activities ganizations, radio broadcasts, forums, lectures followed by dis­ where the poisonous doctrines that nourish intolerance are more cussion, study clubs, seminars, institutes, retreat movements, often met. missions for non-Catholics, etc. Obviously, the primary method of spreading the Faith is through the medium of the home and the Catholic school. BESIDES these direct methods of pre~enting leakage and Added to this is the religious training offered in Sunday schools, spreading the Faith, there is also an indirect but a very in the week-day - instruction classes for those attending other potent though less tangible means of doing this work. Some schools, in the religious vacation schools, in the catechetical of these measures are: articles by Catholics in the secular press, centers in rural districts, and through the correspondence publicity regarding activities of Catholic individuals or groups, courses for religious education. In many of these the whole­ personal interviews and letters, formation of helpful contacts, hearted participation of Catholic men' and women is valuable cooperation with special groups, not nominally Catholic, where and necessary. our social, economic and international views may be made In acquainting ourselves accurate!ly with the principles of known, exemplary Catholic Action in our everyday life and Catholic doctrine, we have a rich source of material from which information and assistance to our fellow workers who' seek to draw. Books, pamphlets, periodicals, Catholic press articles them. filled with fundamental truths fearlessly expressed enrich our E~ective action can follow only from effective thinking. understanding and enable us to act wisely and effectively. The ObVIOusly before we can actively and intelligently cooperate in study and rem ailing of this literature, its placement in public the methods enumerated above, it is necessary for us to under­ library and reading rooms, the insertion of some of it in Catho­ stand the various movements and activities themselves and lic bookracks in churches, halls, clubs, etc., are all constructive their inter-relations. These are requisite steps on the way not means of spreading Catholic doctrine. only of defending but also preserving and extending the most The National Council of Catholic Men and the National precious treasure possessed-the hel'itage of our Fathers-our Council of Catholic Women and the diocesan councils (which Faith. are seeking the united work and affiliation of all) and the indi­ ------~---~---- vidual national, diocesan, state, city and parish societies are doing much and are normal channels for organized lay work in LOS ANGELES KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS MAINTAIN SUC­ carrying forward the apostolic work of the hierarchy in bring­ CESSFUL LITERATURE DISTRIBUTION BUREAU ing the Faith to some and helping others to retain it. Thir~een thousand eight hundred and thirty pounds, or more Groups of young people organized to make known and follow than SIX and one-half tons, of Catholic periodical and pamphlet Catholic teachings are well exemplified by the Catholic Students' literature was distributed last year by the Knights of Columbus Mission Crusade, the Sodality of Our Lady, the Students' Cath­ Distribution Bu-reau of Los Angeies, which for more than twenty olic Leadership Guild, the junior branches of national and state years has supplied California and Arizona institutions with societies of Catholic lay men and women, the parish and school Catholic reading matter. The 1932 total represents a drop from sodalities, and many other similar societies. Besides these, 1930, when mO't'e than ten tons were shipped, and from 1931, there are various associations for young boys and girls where ~he~ o~er seven tons were distributed, among sixteen different the benefits of a recreational, social and educational program mstItutIons thus served by the bureau. The drop is explained under Catholic auspices are provided. by Da~id .J. Daze, supervisor of the bureau, by the falling off in Pastors in many of the foreign communities deplore the leak­ subSCriptions for Catholic periodicals occasioned by the age, particularly among their young people, drawn away by depression. non-Catholic organizations whose programs often embrace re­ The .officials of the Literature Bureau , this year are making ligious practices surrounded by an attractive array of educa­ a speCIal appeal. for pra,Yer books as 'Yell as Catholic papers tional, civic, social and recreational activities. The detestation and magazmes m Spamsh, as many mmates of institutions of this work is expressed by the Holy Father in his allocution familiar with this language and unable to read English are of March 13, where he condemns "proselytism * * ,.. freely thereby benefited by Catholic reading. -----~----- 22 CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1933

SOME PERTINENT FACTS about the NATIONAL COUNCIL of CATHOLIC MEN

T HE officers and board of directors of the National Cpuncil of Catholic Men are anxious that the aims and services of the organization be more clearly understood by the Catholic laymen of the country. With that end in view, a statement of the N. C. C. M.'s principal functions is published herewith. The N. C. C. M. asks all Catholic laymen and their organizations to take advantage of its service facilities, to cooperate in the work of its Catholic Evidence Bureau (see page 9), and especially, through their 'moral and financial support, to increase the effectiveness and influence of the Catholic Hour. Greater use of pertinent articles pub­ lished in CATHOLIC ACTION-especially its monthly study discussions--reading of the N. C. C. M.'s Information Bulletin to Affiliated Societies, and closer contact through more frequent correspondence with national headquar- ters are urged by Mr. Caravati, newly-elected executive secretary.

HE National Council of Catholic Men maintains at its 2. sends out an Inf01-mation Bulletin to Affiliated Societies national headquarters, '1314 Massachusetts Avenue, North which s intended to keep them informed of Catholic Action in T West, Washington, D. C., a permanent representation in general and to assist them in planning their own programs. the interests of the Catholic laymen of the United States. 3. It ~ends them occasional communications and recommenda­ The National Council of Catholic Men serves as a central tions such as information concerning legislation proposed in the clearing house for the activities of Catholic men and the organ­ federal and state legislatures. izations to which they belong. Through the affiliation of exist­ 4. As stated above, it opens to its affiliates the fruits of the ing societies of Catholic men-national, state, diocesan, district, work done by the various departments of the N. C. W. C. This local and parish, the National Council of Catholic Men seeks information is sent out largely upon request. to unify the actions of Catholic laymen; and thereby to increase 5. It is a clearing house of general Catholic information their effectiveness in ,advancing the cause of religion and the which is also sent out on request. ' welfare of Church and Nation. 6. It renders assistance to various apologetical' efforts and The National Council of Catholic Men operates also through lay activities through its Catholic Evidence Bureau. diocesan units where such form of organization is desired. 7. It sponsors The Catholic Hour on behalf of its entire mem­ The National Council of Catholic Men does not seek to form bership for Catholics and non-Catholics everywhere. new organizations. It helps, unifies and leaves to their own 8. It maintains at its headquarters office a Catholic Evidence field those that already exist. Bureau. The activities of this bureau are: The National Council of Catholic Men seeks by federation, to a. The distribution of apologetical literature to individual bring all organizations of Catholic laymen into closer harmony CathoHcs and non-Catholics. with one another, enabling each to be informed of the activities b. The answering of questions concerning Catholic doctrine of the others and presenting a united front against the forces , and practice which are sent in by individual inquirers, organiza­ of paganism and irreligion. tions, and newspaper services. c. The offering of assistance to apologetical movements, such It is intended to be likewise a liaison between the laity and as'the Catholic Evidence Guilds, etc. the National Catholic Welfare Conference, to provide a channel through which the laity may benefit by the research facilities d. The preparation of special articles and news reports deal­ ing with all such movements and activities. of the Conference. It will likewise bring in turn to the Con­ e. Encouragement of, and assistance in, the formation and ference support for its work and a knowledge of the needs maintenance of study clubs. of the laity. f. The assemblage and distribution, on request, of informa­ It provides the following services to its affiliated organizations: tion on Catholic Radio Broadcasts. 1. It sends CATHOLIC ACTION, the official organ of the N. C. Every organization affiliating with the National Council of W. C. to all its affiliates. Catholic Men has a part in this work and strengthens it . • Peace Association to Hold Seventh Annual Conference in Washington, D. C. ANY of the leading American scholars on international Roemer, of Notre Dame University; William F. Montavon, questions will be speakers when on April 17 and 18 director, Legal Department, N. C. W. C.; Dr,' Elizabeth M. M, the seventh annual conference of the Catholic Asso- Lynskey, of Hunter College ; Rev. Joseph F. Thorning, S. J., of ciation for International Peace is held in Washington, D. C. St. Louis; Rev. Edgar Schmiedeler, O. S. B., director of the Most Reverend Michael J. Curley, Archbishop of Baltimore, :is Rural Life Bureau, N. C. W. C. ; and Rev. R . A. McGowan, honorary ch airman of t he Sponsoring Committee. The meet­ assistant direct or of the Social Action Department, N. C. W. C. ings are to be held at the Catholic University and at the May­ A public dinner program, to be held the first night, in the flower Hotel. ballroom of the Mayflower Hotel, will include three prominent The first morning will be given over to separate meetings of speakers, Dr. Ryan, Professor Moon, president of the Catholic the various committees that have been preparing studies on Association for International Peace, and His Excellency Most special international subjects dUl'ing the past year. "A World Rev. John M. McNamara, Auxiliary Bishop of Baltimore, who Crisis and a World Program" is the subject of a symposium to will discuss the relation of the Church to the peace movement. be presented at the afternoon session by the chairmen of the "International Ethics and International Relations" and "The various groups. General discussions following the talks will be United States in World Affairs" will be the subjects treated in a feature of all the meetings. Those participating in the the morning session of the second day. Following this there symposium are Rev. Dr. John A. Ryan, director, N. C. W. C. will be a luncheon meeting where ways and means of fostering Social Action Department, and professor of Mora:! Theology, education for peace will be presented. Catholic University of America; Professors Parker T. Moon The closing session of the conference will center on "Latin and Carlton J. H. Hayes, of Columbia University; Professor America and the United States" and on "The Papacy and Charl~s G. Fenwick, of Bryn Mawr College; Dr. William F. World Peace." The public is invited to the meetings.

------~------April, 1933 C A"T H 0 LIe ACT ION 23

IN THE FIELD OF IMMIGRATION Contributed by the Bureau of Immigration, N. C. W. C.

I N ACCORDANCE with the previously outlined plan to discuss various phases of the work of the N. C. W. C. Bureau of lmnnigration, the immigration pages this month illustrate types of problems which the bureau refers to its foreign correspondents at the request of the local agencies in this country faced with trying to effect a solution. ' Throughout the twelve years that the bureau has been established, one of its principal activities has been to foster working relationships with organizations and individuals in the various countries from which immigra't'ts come to the United States (and this includes p'r1actically all of then'1-) in order to build up a coordinated Catholic immigrant aid 8ystem~ As a result, the bureau is able, through the cooperation of these agencies and individuals, to render efficient assistance to families separated either by the immigration laws of the different countries in which they reside or by o,ther circumstances. The following paragraphs are descriptive of some of these cases:

Quick Response from COLOMBIA received the bureau's report and a grate­ started to make plans. First such mate­ ful woman who sailed for Colombia, con­ rial assistance as was necessary was "CAN we get your cooperation on a scious of the welcome which awaited her given the young couple until work could very delicate case for Colombia '/" and which had been guaranteed by the qe found for the husband; N ext the baby wrote one of our bureau correspondents. tactful presentation of the facts to the was baptized and the necessary docu­ "The main problem is to repariate a fam­ family by the always cooperative corre­ ments and certirlcates obtained to make ily of rather high social cast, the mem­ spondent in that country. it possible for the marriage to be per­ bers of which have deteriorated through formed. While these arrangements were the vicissitudes they have gone through Effective Cooperation by MEXICAN going forward, the young wife confided in America." Agency to the worker that she had never made The case was a pitiful one. A young MUCH worried Mexican father re­ her First Communion. , So instructions couple and their children had come to were given her, to her great joy. The this country from South America in 1920 A cently besought the bureau's co­ operating agency in New York to find last report received by the bureau from but had never become adjusted to their Mexico stated that the girl was prepar­ new environment. Instead, the husband's some way of bringing back to this coun­ try his American-born daughter and ing to receive her First Communion on dissipation had brought on disease and the same day of her marriage and that mental disorder and he finally received grandchild. The twenty-one year old girl, accompanied by her two-year-old peace and happiness reigned in the little a prison sentence for non-support and family. The father in New York ex­ second degree assault upon his wife. As son, had, according to the father, gone with her Mexican husband to Mexico six pressed himself as well content when he the time drew near for his release it read of the sympathetic assistance that seemed to the organization assisting his months previously, where she had been deserted by her husband and subse­ had been rendered to his daughter and wife and children that the one solution, her son. in view of the wife's terror of her hus­ quently ill-treated by his family. band, was to get them back to their own The father in New York was unem­ CANADIAN Agency Gives Valuable Aid country. This, however, was not a sim­ ployed and unable to defray the expenses ple matter in view of the woman's reti­ of his daughter's and grandson's return RS. EMMELINE S., 64 years old, cence, her long separation from her fam­ --hence his request for aid. M native of Hungary, and widow of ily and the difficulty of having the latter The problem was referred to the N. C. a Canadian citizen, had lived in Canada interviewed in South America in time W. C. and the bureau at once asked its for 21 years. After her husband's death to make plans for the family's return if corresponding agency in Mexico to get her son, who had become an American this should be found feasible. in touch with the girl and her child and citizen, sent for her to come to this coun­ The N. C. W. C. Bureau of Immigra­ Jearn what the circumstances were while try to live with him. Two years went tion blessed the newly-established air at the same time pursuing inquiries as by and the son was greatly surprised mail route as it dispatched the inquiry to to ways of arranging for their repatria­ when one day a letter came from Ellis its correspondent in Colombia with the tion should this prove to be desirable. Island asking his mother to present her­ assurance of the postal authorities that The report, promptly received from the self there before a certain date. En­ it would reach there in four days. Mexican agency, demonstrated that the deavoring to ascertain the cause for .this In reply came a long letter in Spanish situation was Quite different from that request, he examined her head tax refund transmitted from one of the brothers oescribed by the father. The young certificate and' found that she had only filled with concern and sympathy for his woman and child were found to be living been admitted at the border for six sister's plight. The family in Colombia, with the mother-in-law, and the husband, months as a temporary visitor. with a proud tradition of service to coun­ who had merely gone to another part of The son, anxious that his mother's im­ try behind it, had fallen upon days of Mexico to look for work, had returned migration status should be made regular comparative poverty, but they were, and was living with them. Furthermore, without loss of time, determined to send nevertheless, willing and anxious to the couple insisted that they wished to her back to Canada to obtain the proper share everything they had with their un­ remain in Mexico. type of visa. He was distressed, however, fortunate sister and her children and Not satisfied with merely ascertaining at the realization that she had no one only asked that she be sent back tQ them . . these facts, the worker gained the young­ to go to in Canada, particularly so as the They even suggested that they might be couple's sympathy and was soon informed date of her return was uncertain, nor able to establish her in a little sweet shop that they had never been married in the was there even any assurance that she so that she would be assured an inde­ Church but would like to be. They also would be successful in obtaining the pendent livelihood. stated that the child had not been necessal'y visa. In his dilemma he turned It was consequently an appreciative baptized. to the N. C. W. C. Bureau of Immigra­ and much relieved organization which The cooperating agency immediately tion. 24 CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1933

The mother was leaving for Canada on made to have the little girl accompany for her to be comfortably established in a train that would reach Toronto at 8 :45 her young cousin to school the following a Catholic home where she would be the following morning so that no time w'eek and Mary in the meantime was properly cared for. The N. C. W. C. could be lost. The bureau, however, was visiting all her relatives and renewing was asked to assure the .son that he need able to make arrangements by long dis­ acquaintance with them. not worry further about his mother and tance telephone with its corresponding that everything possible would be done agency in Toronto, so that Mrs. S. would An Int~resting Case from PERU for her. be met upon her arrival and taken to the agency's hostel in that city. At the same THE N. C. W. C. bureau is now trying ARGENTINA Gets Air Mail Request to assist a native of Peru to estab­ time the bureau assured the agency that N Ohio Catholic agency wrote that it it was forwarding funds which the son lish the fact that he is more than 50 per­ cent white in order that he may be con­ .A had been caring for two years for . was providing to care for his mother's three youngsters whose mother had died expenses for a month in advance and that sidered eligible for citizenship. He has been classed. as a South American Indian and whose father had reputedly deserted . more would be sent as needed. the tamily sometime before the mother's Seven months Mrs. S. remained at the but insists that he is of Spanish ancestry. . The bureau's cooperating agency in Peru death. He had continued to correspond hostel in Toronto while letters flew back with his children, however, and to the and forth between those in charge and has worked for mo .' 1S trying to obtain the requested data. It appears that the surprise of everyone had recently sent the N. C. W. C. bureau, engaged in steamship tickets for them to join him gathering up the loose ends of evidence town in which most of tl1e investigation centers is one of the many little villages in Buenos Aires. that would bring about the release of a The agency, naturally somewhat skep­ visa. But shortly after the new year scattered over the Ar des and remote from civilization, three or four of them tical after the length of time the chil­ a telegram from Toronto announced that dren had been left to their care, was the visa had been granted and that Mrs. being in the spiritual charge of one parish priest. The man's brother was anxious to know before sending them S. was on her way back to the United forward that the father had made satis­ States and to her son and grandchildren. finally located and interviewed, this be­ ing in itself a feat, as the brother gains factory arrangements for them in Buenos And not the least of Mrs. S.'s joys at Aires, and as to his own standing in returning was that she experienced at a meagre livelihood by doing errands from place to place and is never more that community. the border when the immigration in­ The children were supposed to sail in spector who examined her told her that than a day or two in the same one, He expressed his entire willingness to at­ two or three weeks and ordinary mail he wished everyone who came through takes 17 days to reach the Argentine. had his papers in such fine order. tempt to obtain the requested documents but €ould throw little light on the pre­ So the N. C. W. C. bureau again had Aids Little Girl's Return to SCOTLAND cise racial composition of the family. recourse to the air mail. With only two This is not so surprising in view of the days out for the necessary investigation TWELVE year old Scotch iassie common feeling in Peru on this point as the answer came back from the bureau's • A whose mother had died was found to expressed by the bureau's correspondent. correspondent. The father was found to be living in very unsatisfactory circum­ The latter was frankly amused at the have been employed for the last four stances in one of America's big cities idea that it should matter whether a man years with a firm in Buenos Aires. The with her father and brothers, all unem­ were white, red, yellow or blue, in order members of the firm had been inter­ ployed and themselves being assisted by ·to be eligible for naturalization. In Peru viewed and had spoken whole-heartedly a charitable organization. The Juvenile the class and character of a person in the man's favor. He was honest, in­ Court had placed Mary in a home and matter but the amount of coloring pig­ dustrious, of good moral character, had decided that it would be best to have ment in his skin does not. In fact the earned a satisfactory stipend and was her return to her mother's relatives in opinion expressed was that it would be a given in addition lodgings in the build­ Scotland. An aunt in Scotland had ex­ difficult matter to determine. ing in which he worked. The members pressed a willingness to receive Mary The last report stated that the search of the firm likewise referred the in­ but it was desired first to be certain that for satisfactory proof was still proceed­ vestigator to friends of the father's who conditions in the aunt's home were satis­ ing and the bureau and its New York would be able to give full details as to factory and the N.' C. W. C. was asked correspondent hope for success. the arrangements he had made for the to arrange for an investigation. In ex­ children's care. From these people it actly 20 days a splendid report came bac1< Son Reassured as to Mother in GERMANY was learned that the father planned to from the bureau's cooperating agency in place his two sons in a commercial house Glasgow enthusiastically endorsing the ANS M. resides in Chicago with his and that they were to live with a rela­ relatives and explaining the warm wel­ H wife and two sons. In spite of the tive who would rent them lodgings for 'Come that awaited Mary. The aunt and year~. that have separated him from his which they were to care in payment. cousins had even sacrificed the money old mother in Germany he has never for­ The little daughter was to be placed in they had saved up for a holiday in order gotten her and each month a few dollars, a school, the father having managed to to send it to the little niece for hel' carefully scrimped from the family arrange for her reception through the steamship ticket. So Mary started on budget, has been sent across the seas for intercession of a family by whom his her homeward journey. A worker from her support. cousin was employed as a servant. the N. C. W. C. bureau's New York But Hans and his two sons have been The whole report bespoke the careful ()ffice met her upon her arrival there, victims of the depression. All three lost and affectionate plans which had been ()btained her sailing permit and put her their employment and for several made by the father and entirely satisfied ()n board the steamship, placing her in months it has been impossible to send the agency which had been caring for charge of a stewardess and turning over the money to Germany. Hans worried the children. So on they came to be met her traveling papers to the care of the about the old mother. Then he heard by a worker from the bureau's New York purser. Then the bureau cabled the that she was ill with pneumonia, which office which had in the meantime got in agency in Scotland to meet her when made matters worse. In desperation he touch with the steamship line and the she reached Glasgow. In a short while turned to an organization in Chicago Argentine Consulate in order to complete came the Scotch organization's report. , and that organization asked the N. C. the necessary arrangements for the chil­ Mary had arrived safely, her aunt had W. C. if it could help. dren's sailing. Three days later they obtained a permit from the shipping The N. C. W. C. promptly referred sailed-to join the father whom they had company to go on board to greet her and the matter to its cooperating agency not seen in six years. At this writing a follow-up visit paid a few days after­ in Germany and by return mail received they are still enroute and the bureau is ward at the aunt's home found Mary word that the agency was already inter­ awaiting word from its correspondent looking well and happy. Plans had been ested in the old lady and was arranging as to their af~ arrival. ------~I------April, 1999 CATHOLIC ACTION 25

FORT"WAYNE C. C. I. P. MEET NOTABLE SUCCESS

HE formation of study groups on Catholic social teaching of income and those retaining jobs did not experience the reduced to continue the work initiated by the two-day meeting of hours and adequate income that Christian ideals, social justice T the Catholic Conference on Industrial Problems in Fort and economic balance dictated. Wayne was announced by the Most Reverend John F. Noll, "We violated the laws of God, the laws of social justice, the Bishop of Fort Wayne, at the closing capacity session which was laws of economic~ and the laws of common sense. It was addressed by Bishop Noll, the Reverend Russell 1. Wilbur, pastor inevitable under such circumstances that bewildering and of Our Lady of Lourdes Church, St. Louis, Mo., Dr. James E. menacing results would follow. We have learned that Pope Hagerty, president of the Industrial Conference, and Very Rev. Leo XIII in issuing his Encyclical Letter on The Condition of J. W. R. Maguire, C. S. V., president of St. Viator's College, Labor knew more about our social and economic needs 42 years Bourbonnais, Ill. ago than our big bankers and captains of industry apparently The six sessions held during the two days dealt with the knew in 1929." present" regime, the relation of wages and hours to unemploy­ Inflation of the capital structure of industry to "at least 160 ment and in particular to the present crisis, public works as a billions" beyond its true worth and control of industry by the way out of the depression, ways and means of knowing and capital owners so that they can pay themselves dividends has applying Catholic social teaching, economic organization, and kept wages at a low point, Simon A. Baldus, editor of Extension the general program of Catholic social teaching. Pius Xl's Magazine, stated, and added that "all the wage increases during Encyclical on "Reconstructing the Social Order" was treated in the past 30 years have failed to keep step with the increases in formal addresses during every session of the conference. living costs." This, he said, "has prevented the workers from A stirring and reasoned appeal for social insurance, particu­ consuming what they produced" and they will continue to be so larly against unemployment, was delivered at the opening ses­ prevented "as long. as the basic cause is permitted to exist. sion by Rev. William A. Bolger, C. S. C., of St. Thomas College, St. Paul, Minn. C'T HE truth is," he continued, "that there are too many Grounding social insurance in "the right to decent livelihood" workers; 48,000,000 men and women are engaged in the and the duty of government to protect it, Father Bolger said: gainful occupations. This is two workers per family. It also HDoes the right to decent livelihood perish when wages stop? means that every family supports two workers, which means the Nonsense. The economic right to decent livelihood is merely workers merely work to live. No economic or social progress the economic basis of the right to life. When wages, the ordi­ is possible under such a system." nary means of decent livelihood, are stopped by social con­ "The Encyclicals of Leo XIII (Rerum Novarum) and Pius XI tingencies· over which neither employers nor employes have (Quadragesimw Anno)" were written," Rev. James Fogarty, C. adequate control aocial provision must be made against the social S. C., professor of Economics at Notre Dame University, said, contingencies which cut off wages or the right to decent "because both popes deemed it their imperative duty to issue a livelihood cannot be exercised." universal warning against the wanton disregard of human rights "Compulsory social provision of any kind, adequate or inade­ and values in industry. In both encyclicals, the pontiffs are quate, does not exist in anyone of the. 48 states today against particularly concerned with the condition of the laboring class. the three major social contingencies which stop wages, viz: Continuing, Father Fogarty outlined Pope Leo's emphasis sickness, invalidity and unemployment." upon the implicit or explicit requirement in every wage contract that a person be given "proper rest for soul and body" and Pope "HISTORIC Christianity speaking through Pope Leo XIII in Pius' statements on the family living wage, on the wage that will his encyclical on The Condition of the Working C~asses, provide maximum employment and on the wage that will dis­ says, 'Whenever the general interest or any particular class suf­ tribute "for the common good" the constantly augmenting fers or is threatened with mischief which can in no other way be wealth and permit a rise to ownership. met or prevented, the public authority must step in and deal Asking the question "Will the Depression Ever End 1" Dr. with it.' These words are as inclusive and comprehensive as John A. Ryan, director, N. C. W. C. Department of Social they could be made. Surely a social contingency like widespread Action, declared that a vast program of federal public works­ unemployment affects the general interest and affects the laboF­ highways, reforestation, flood control, improvement of naviga­ ing classes in a vital manner. If employers cannot or will not tion and elimination of grade crossings by the federal govern­ act collectively the state must. Community chests cannot ment and local works, particularly slum clearance and housingt function as the ordinary means of decent livelihood." by states and cities through federal loans-is "the only rational During the discussion dealing with the character of the measure adequate to bring about the beginning of business present regime and its origins, it was stated that the present is recovery." one of rival economic dictatorships of great industrialists and Such a program would apply the remedy just where needed, bankers, struggling for complete power and using government Dr. Ryan continued, by giving "purchasing power to those who both at home and abroad for further domination and that it had would use it immediately" and it would "provide employment its origin in the preceding era of competitive individualism directly and indirectly for several tnillion workers within a few which in turn had come into existence by destroying the guild months." system of the Middle Ages. "We are now learning," declared Leo E. Keller, statistician N INNOVATION was a whole morning session given over to of the Maintenance of Way Employes, Detroit, "that permanent A a symposium upon "The Promotion of Catholic Social loss of employment was going on throughout our entire indus­ Teaching," and "The Application of Catholic Social Teaching." trial system even before the depression came upon us. On the Work in schools, in lay organizations and in the press ope hand we had a loss of jobs and on the other an increase in was discussed from the floor during the first half period and productivity. In other words we were producing more at a application of that teaching in legislation, in labor unions, and time when purchasing power was declining. Wages did not in employers' associations was discussed during the latter half. increase in proportion to the increased values added by manu­ Harry E. Hogan, of Fort Wayne, outlined a developed pro­ facturing. Hours of work did not drop in propo~tion to the in­ posal for the formation of groups in Fort Wayne as a whole and crease in output per hour. The profits derived from lowered in the parishes to continue the study and investigation of costs of production were not equally or properly distributed. A Catholic social teaching. Professor Louis Buckley described the small number of the more fortunate few retained for themselves economics courses in his department of Notre Dame University an unjust and unreasonable share of the wealth thus produced and the relation they have to the encyclicals of the popes. while great numbers were completely cut off from their sources W. J. Lynch, building constructionist of Chicago, spoke on 26 CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1933

"American Industry and the Encyclical." He stated that while selves as the sole causes of industrial activity and prosperity "the business men of the country want to do what is fair for all that they attach little or no importance to the distribution of elements of society," still a number of them have "struck ruth­ purchasing power. They still believe that prosperity is some­ lessly without regard for humanity" and "a minor portion is thing that must be handed down from above. Nevertheless, acquiring not only the world's goods but power in finance and business. men are not entirely to blame for this fallacy, this power in government in such an amazing degree that some check delusion concerning indefinitely large profits and indefinitely must be placed upon them." expanded production." "Undoubtedly the doctrine suited the conscience of those who R. LYNCH emphasized the conviction among "the majority thought only of large profits. It made them feel that their dis­ M of employers" that "cooperation among all human ele­ regard of both consumers and wage earners was effective ments; rather than conflict, produces the greatest real benefits" cooperation with the divine plan. Their avarice received the and that this is economically sound as well as morally sound. benediction of this newly invented capitalistic providence." The cooperation of all in industry is the key solution, Mr. Lynch Father Maguire declared that most persons, even Catholics, said, and added: "If a minority are unwilling to forego extrava­ still hold to individualism, even though "the Popes have spoken gant wealth and power, then government will have to perform and the consequences of our evil system are all around them," its obligation to restrict their opportunities and distribute a just and he pleaded eloquently for a change of mind and heart to burden of society on their shoulders." throw off individalism and accept the social teaching of Christ Speaking on "Government Action and the Encyclical," the and the Church. Rev. R. A. McGowan, assistant director of the N. C. W. C. Social Bishop Noll, final speaker, said in part: "The Pope, with a Action Department, quoted at length from Pius Xl's Encyclical clear perspective, sees much to blame in all groups, and begs on Reconstructing the Social Order in behalf of a program of them all to set themselves right with God, and with one another. legislation "for the public good and the good of all groups," for Each group has erred sufficiently, and the first requisite for "the victims of the present regime," for restraint "of the old true amendment is for each to admit its guilt. competition and the new plutocracy," for social legislation and for international economic cooperation, and for federal action to ,. LABOR has often been at fault; capital has offended oftener establish councils of the employers' associations and labor unrons and more grievously; governments have sinned most. in each capitalist industry and of the crop cooperatives in Labor must make up its mind that it needs capital, although it agriculture acting, under the supervision of government, to is justified in maintaining that it should rather work with establish such wages, hours, social insurance, prices, currency capital than for it. It should be a partner and not a slave. systems, property return, volume of production and distribution Capital should not blind itself against the plain fact that much of ownership as will provide "maximum employment and a high has been wrong with the capitalistic system, with the power it living standal'd for all." has wielded. Governments everywhere, and especially our own, A balance between productivity and consumption is a key should strive to be in fact as well as in name 'for all the people.' requirement of permanent prosperity, Father Wilbur stated and The control of government by men, who would make it their quoted fl'om Pius Xl's dictum regarding the relation of wages servant, has more than anything else prolonged a system whose to unemployment as something "which the Holy Father spoke recent collapse injured capitalists themselves most. A return of as known to everyone and yet something that the leaders of to the system which is now admittedly wrong cannot furnish American industry do not seem yet to know." more than a temporary prosperity. If industry will not con­ Dr. Hagerty, continuing in the same vein, said: "Many busi­ struct itself on an entirely different basis, as Pope Pius believes ness men are still hugging the delusion that credit and produc­ it should, it must at least make such adjustments as will prevent tion are the only economic forces that need to be considered for a recurrence of a condition as intolerable as that which we relief. They have been so long accustomed to regarding them- have known for three years."

Two Bishops and Ninety Priests Meet in Fort Wayne to Study "Reconstructing the Social Order Encyclical"

ONE-DAY meeting for priests on the meaning of Pius Xl's ticular phase of the subject. Rev. R. A. McGowan, assistant A "Reconstructing the Social Order Encyclical and its use by director, N. C. W. C. Social Action Department, presided. priests was held in Fort Wayne for the priests of that and Those leading the various sessions were: Rev. James A. neighboring dioceses on March 15. The meeting was in charge Fogarty, C.S.C., professor of Economics at Notre Dame Uni­ of the N. C. W. C. Social Action Department and under the versity; Rev. William A. Bolger, C.S.C., St. Thomas' College, sponsorship of Most Reverend John F. Noll, Bishop of Fort St. Paul, Minn.; Very Rev. J. W. R. Maguire, C.S.V., rector of Wayne. St. Viator's College, Bourbonnais, Ill., Rev. Thomas M. Conroy, It was the first such meeting held in the United States. of Fort Wayne, Rev. Franklin Kennedy, of Milwaukee, and Similar meetings are contemplated following, as did this, th(; Very Rev. Msgr. F. J. Macelwane, diocesan superintendant of regional meetings of the Catholic Conference on Industrial schools, Toledo. Problems. A new arrangement of the subject matter of "Reconstructing Priests were in attendance, besides those from the diocese of the Social Order" was prepared for the occasion. Quotations Fort Wayne, from the following dioceses: Indianapolis, Chicago, under the new re-arrangement of the content of the encyclical Milwaukee, Springfield, Toledo, Detroit, Cincinnati and Cleve­ were mimeographed and presented to each priest for facility in land. Ninety priests were there, besides Bishop Noll and the following the discussion. Most Reverend Joseph H. Albers, Auxiliary Bishop of "The Present Regime," "The True Purpose of Economic Life Cincinnati. -Rights in Economic Life," "Economic Organizations, a M.Iorning and afternoon sessions were held. The morning was Remedy," "Legislation, a Remedy," and "A New Social Order". given over to "The Meaning of the Encyclical" and the afternoon were the morning topics of discussion. to "The Priest's Use of the Encyclical." Each session was divided into five half-hour periods, each period dealing with a N THE afternoon, following a brief summary of the mornin~ particular phase of the subject. Quotations from the encyclical I subjects, the- following were discussed in order: "Religion'S bearing on each phase of the subj ect were in the hands of each Chief Methods: Infusing the Religious Spirit and Making of the priests. A discussion-leader explained the quotations of Known the Moral Teaching," "Contacts with Catholic each section for approximately half of each period. Following Organization, Business, Industrial, Labor and Civic Leaders," this, thel'e were questions and general discussion on the par- "Sermons, Writings, etc.," and "Schools."

------~------April, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION 27

REPORTS OF N. C. c. W. ACTIVITIES

Portland, Oregon, Archdiocesan C~uncil MeIDber of St. Paul Councll Honored NITIA TION of the program of the Confraternity of Chris­ 'The 1932 distinguished service medal of the St. Paul Club of tian Doctrine was discussed at the recent quarterly meeting Cosmopolitan International was awarded recently to Mrs. Leo I of the Portland Archdiocessan Council of Catholic Women, E. Owens for many years prominent in social service work in held-in the City of Portland. The Rev. B. V. Kelley, rector of St. St. Paul and a most interested member of the National Council Mary's Cathedral, spoke on the necessity for the adoption of the of Catholic Women. The award is made each year to the citi­ work by the council and expressed his faith in its ability to make zen who during the preceding year has rendered unselfishly and gratuitously outstanding public service to the clJmmunity. The the _program a great success. Mrs. L. M. Theelan, Miss Mabel honor was conferred in' recognition of her work as organizer Blake, Miss Frances Schneiderjos and Mrs. B. F. Stingl, arch­ and director of the Christmas Bureau. diocesan president, comprise the committee which has in hand Mrs. Owens, a graduate of Columbia University, New York the inauguration of the work. The committee, under the leader­ City, served overseas with the National Catholic War Council ship of Mrs. Theelan, is planning this work as outlined by the Rev. Raymond Prindiville, C. S. P., an authority on this and later as publicity director for the National Council of Catholic Women. Her husban'd is the publisher of the St. Paul movement. Dispatch and Pioneer P1'ess. Plans were made for the annual convention of the arch­ dioces~ council to be held in March. Reports of affiliated organizations indicated a wide range of activities. Religious Cleveland Council of Catholic WOlDen education, study clubs, Americanization, immigrant aid, child The president of the Cleveland Diocesan Council, Mrs. W. J. welfare, free employment agency and various charitable ac­ Bushea; the president of the Cleveland Deanery Council, Mrs. tivities, were included. W. S. Houck, and the diocesan publicity chairman, Mrs. Sara A message of sympathy was directed to His Excellency, the Varley McCarthy, were guest speakers on a "Club Forum" radio Most Reverend Edward D. Howard, D. D., Archbishop of POl't­ hour under civic auspices in Cleveland. The subjects of the land, in the recent death of ,his mother, Mrs. Marie Howard. respective talks were: "Why I am a Catholic"; "The National Council of Catholic Women," and "Religion in Action."

Duluth Diocesan Council Des Moines Council Active in Works of Charity Lauding th-e council on its development of leadership among Wholehearted participation on the part of the Catholic women Catholic women and urging closer contact with the national of ~he Des Moines Diocese in charitable, civic and religious organization, His Excellency, the Most Reverend Thomas A. affaIrs was Tecorded at the board meeting held in Council Bluffs Welch, D. D., addressed more than three hundred women in recently. attendance at the quarterly meeting of the Duluth Diocesan Organizations within the Councii Bluffs Deanery responded Council of Catholic Women held at Gilbert, Minnesota, January to call for volunteers in relief work assisting in the making of 21. Bishop Welch also attended the Board of Directors meeting garments for the needy, one affiliated organization making and which preceded the general session. completing 68 garments in one day. Reports recorded also St. Joseph's Church, scene of the solemn high Mass which financial assistance to Father Flanagan's Boys Home the opened the day's program was filled to capacity. The Rev. activities of the Sisters of Charity, a mission for a colo~y of Thaddeus McCarthy's sermon dealt with the impOl'tance of the 'Mexican Catholics in the city, and the charity fund of Mercy home as the essential strength of the nation. He urged Cath­ Hospital. olic standards as a bulwark against the present-day tendency Mrs. E. R. Olmstead, president of the Des Moines Deanery, toward moral laxity. stated that she had represented the Catholic women of Des Mrs. M. E. Louisell, president of the diocesan council, re­ Moines in the Christmas Chest, Inc., a civic enterprise for the viewed the twelfth annual convention of the National Council needy, and of the splendid cooperation which she received from of Catholic Women adding a word of encouragement and appre­ all of the Catholic groups within the district. Suggested plans ciation for the cooperation of the women of the Duluth Diocese. through which organizations might raise their membership dues The significance of an educated laity and the importance of have been outlined by the Membership Committee of this group our Catholic women taking an active interest in civic problems which is prepared to pass these on for the benefit of organiza- were stressed in an address by Sister M. Rose of the College of tions interested. . St. Scholastica. Mrs. George Wyle and Mrs. Arthur Kelly, The Creston Deanery report, given by Miss Mae Ward, presi­ members of the speakers' bureau of the diocesan council" spoke dent, recorded the success of the last diocesan convention which on the Bishop Baraga Memorial and the Eucharistic Congress, was held at Creston. respectively. A total of 53 study clubs hi the diocese with an approximate The success of the meeting was due in large measure to the membership of 1,800 was reported by Mrs. John M. Galvin, efforts of the president of the Gilbert Council, Mrs. A. 1. Lopp, diocesan chairman of this prqject. Mrs. Galvin advocated the and Mrs. J. M. Shields who acted as general chairman. f ormation of junior diocesan study clubs among high school students and those who have recently graduated from high schools. Cincinnati Archdiocesan Federatio~ Mrs. H. F. Rohling, diocesan president, writes: "In regard to Through the secretary of the Cincinnati Archdiocesan Fed­ dues, the Des Moines Diocesan Council is going to stand back eration of Catholic Women, Mrs. John E. Westendorf head­ of its affiliations. By May 1, I am confident that we will be able quarters learI}s of a "Day of Recollection" sponsored r'ecently to renew memberships of delinquent groups." by the federation. His Excellency, the Most Reverend John T. McNicholas, O.P., Archbishop of Cincinnati, permitted the Pittsburgh Council Outlines Service Program Blessed Sacrament to be brought from a nearby chapel to Le­ That the motto-"Faith and Service"-is being fittingly Blond Auditorium in the home of the president, Mrs. R. K. exemplified by the Pittsburgh Diocesan Council of Catholic LeBlond, where the conference was held, in order that the meet­ Women is indicated in the March issue of its "Bulletin" to ing might close with Benediction. Mrs. Westendorf says: "We groups within the diocese, which outlines its broad program erected a beautiful altar-it was a lovely, spiritual day." as follows: 28 CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1933

"At its headquarters the Pittsburgh Council of Catholic churches throughout the diocese, the work of the National Women is l'endering a most important civic, religious, educa­ Council of Catholic Women is warmly commended and its exten­ tional, and charitable service to the diocese and ~ommunity in sion in the diocese is urged. His letter read in part: "I feel general. Through its affiliation with the national council its that the National Council of Catholic Women in the diocese has activities are worldwide in their scope. The Council House done much good during the short period of its existence and is provides a meeting place for Catholic women's organizations, capable of even greater good as time goes on .... The organiza­ both social and practical, a clearing house for the dissemination tion of the N. C. C. W. aims to promote zeal and enthusiasm in of information both civic and national. Accommodation for parish societies that they may be of greater help to their pastor women or girls coming into the city "needing protection' or and parish. It aims at bringing our Catholic ladies together, not assistance, and it is also a religious and educational center; its only that they may become acquainted but that they may doors are open for conferences and lectures and practical study exchange ideas and catch each other's enthusiasm. I am anxious in social and domestic science. Missionary activities are en­ that this organization should include all the groups of ladies couraged. An information bureau is maintained for the accom­ in the entire diocese." modation of both local and transient calls. The executive staff IS ready at all times to respond to any appeal either civic or religious." Bishop Griffin Pleased With N. C. C. W. in Springfield The wholehearted approval and appreciation of the Most Oklahoma City-Tulsa Diocesan Council · everend James A. Griffin for the work of the Springfield Interesting reports "of the activities within the Oklahoma Diocesan Council of Catholic Women are indicated in a letter City-Tulsa Diocesan Council of Catholic Women indicate the recently" sent to Mrs. John McShane, diocesan president. The bravery as well as enthusiasm for the work of Catholic Action letter, which lends encouragement to the national council as throughout the diocese. we I as to the diocesan group, follows: A letter recently received from the secretary of the Tulsa "I have read your quarterly report featuring the activities Deanery says: "We set February 7 as the date for our deanery of the Springfield Diocesan Council of Catholic Wome! with meeting in Stillwater, 70 miles away. On the evening of the much interest and profit. 6th, it looked as though we would have a large attendance. "In these days of distress and confusion, it is inspiring to Luncheon was prepared for 80. Temperature dropped nearly know that our Catholic women with slender resources are con­ 60 degrees over night. One car made the trip; passengers tributing in no small measure to the welfare of our country. nearly froze; got caught in a snowdrift; pulled out by mules." Your service is comprehensive and generous and calculated to The Chickasha Deanery under the leadership of Mrs. Charles achieve much good. H. Ruth has been instrumental in aiding the relief work carried on through the Catholic and civic agencies. " "All the activities are to be commended but I desire especially Congratulating the Shawnee Deanery upon having inaugu­ to compliment you on the retreat and the study clubs. These rated the work of religious vacation schools in the diocese, and two ventures alone should enlist the interest of our Catholic stressing the wholehearted support and cooperation necessary to women and result in positive action and untold good for God spread and further Catholic Action, the Rt. Rev. Msgr. A. F. and country. Monnot addressed a quarterly meeting of this group. The Rev. "Kindly extend to the ladies the expression of my sincere Peter Post, O.S.B., of Ft. Smith, in a talk on "The Catholic appreciation of their many activities and generous sacrifices." Press," urged parents and guardians to provide for those entrusted to them by God such literature and reading as will ennoble the mind and fill the heart with the loftiest ideals. Mountain Women of Reno Diocese Reached Through Council Miss Aloysius Casey, deanery president, presided. The bringing together of the women in the small mountain towns of Nevada is credited to the Reno Diocesan Council of Santa Fe Archdiocesan Council Catholic Women. "This is the first time we have been able to The study of federal and state legislation, as well as active reach them or know them, thanks to the council and our good support of protest in connection with certain measures, has Bishop Gorman, who has done wonders for the Catholics of formed the basis for interesting programs within many Nevada," writes Miss Minnie Flanigan, publicity chairman for organizations. . the diocesan council. An outstanding example of the effectiveness of united action Indifference to civic responsibility was deplored by Mrs. H. R. is indicated in the report of the Santa Fe Archdiocesan Council Cooke, diocesan president, in a recent address before the Reno of Catholic Women regarding the securing of an amendment to Deanery. She urged all members of the diocesan council to a bill in the state legislature providing for free text books for think seriously of their civic duties. The promotion of clean school children. literature, the formation of study clubs, the vacation school The bill passed the lower house with the wording "public movement, and a resume of current events were given prominent school children." Immediately, the "archdiocesan council sent place on the program. telegrams to every state senator asking that the bill be amended At the social hour which followed, Miss Flanigan gave a when it reached the senate. The request was granted and the toast to the diocesan council. "The lure of the sage-brush, the word "public" omitted, thereby including parochial schools under magic of the desert and our friendly mountains, seem to call the benefits of the bill. on us to unite our forces and to cooperate with our bishop and clergy to make our Reno Diocesan Council of the National Catholic Women Honored With Papal Medal Council <>f Catholic Women one of the most active and worth­ Three prominent Catholic women"were recently honored with while branches of the West," she said. the medal Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice in recognition of outstanding service in the cause of Catholic Action: Miss Mary C. Duffy, supreme regent of the Catholic Daughters of America; Mrs. Red Cross Aided by Dayton Council, N. C. C. W. Thomas F. McGoldrick, chairman of the Motion Picture Bureau of the International Federation of Catholic Alumnae; and Miss An interesting report of activities in behalf of charity reaches Josephine Brownson, of Detroit, founder and president of the headquarters from the Dayton Council of Catholic Women, Mrs. Catholic Instruction League of that city. H. P. Williamson, secretary. A total of 1,700 garments have been made for the Red Cross, the sewing being done in the homes of the members as well as in a room provided f.or the purpose by Natchez Diocesan Council Commended by Bishop Gerow the Loretto, a resident home for business girls. This work is In a letter from the Most Reverend Richard O. Gerow, Bishop carried on in addition to the educational and recreational of atchez, to the pastors of the diocese, which was read in the program of the group. ------~:------April, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION 29 .

OMAHA DIOCESE HAS 60 STUDyCLUBSWITH 600 MEMBERS

TUDY CLUB ACTIVITY in the Diocese of Omaha is in a "From this club have been formed two study clubs, stUdying very healthy state according to a report just received by the the 'Forty Years After' Encyclical of Pope Pius. Just now, S national chairman of the N. c. c. W. Study Club Committee from its membership, is beginning a Catholic writers group or from Mrs. Janet R. Nash, chairman of Study Clubs of the guild, following the suggestion of Father Danihy, S.J., regent Omaha Council and also chairman of the Omaha Deanery Study of Creighton College of Law and Journalism, our club adviser, Club Committee. "During the past two months the movement and under the ~eadership of Mrs. M. Harris, who has had prac­ has been growing with real vigor and enthusiasm," writes Mrs. tical experience in writing and marketing her things. N ash. "We had a combined meeting of study club leaders of "This study club program is given twice a month, once for Omaha and most active members on March 7, at which there regular members, and again at the Catholic Daughters of was an attendance of approximately 200." America evening meeting. The meeting brought out the fact that the small study groups have grown so rapidly that it has become necessary to break "The Catholic Daughters of America have also a study group them up into more clubs; and that the number of evening clubs stUdying the Mass and one studying the Encyclical of Pope to which men are coming voluntarily has increased. This meet­ Pius." ing was honored by an inspiring address by Most Rev. John The Omaha Deanery also has a large number of other clubs. F. Rummel, Bishop of Omaha. There is no standard plan-some parishes are very active and The Diocese of Omaha now has 60 study clubs with approxi­ have the encouragement of the pastors; in others the women mately 600 members, and 21 of these clubs are study clubs have organized in informal groups themselves. Parlsh study within larger organizations. Meetings are held regularly and club chairmen have been effective in many cases. One parish the following topics are being studied: "The Mass;" "Forty which has the encouragement of the pastor has twenty study Years After Encyclical of Pope Pius XI;" "Parent Educator;" groups with over 200 members. and "Catholic Contributions to the Country." A number of clubs have been organized in other deaneries The last named topic is being handled by a large, well-estab­ of the diocese-Jackson, Pender, Bancroft, Emmerson, Albion, lished study club in the Omaha Deanery, of which Mrs. Nash West Point and Fremont-and efforts in these sections are writes: being intensified at the present time. "Our large study club of the deanery of about 70 members is functioning as usual. The topic this winter is 'Catholic The study clubs of the Omaha Diocese are made up of mem­ Pathfinders and Builders, Their Contribution to Our Country's bers of altar societies, parent-teacher associations, special parisb Development and Culture-Spanish, French, English, Irish, groups, mixed groups, a Third Order of St. Francis group, German.' There have been two or three papers a meeting, which sodalities, auxiliaries and members of several institutions. have shown nne research and brought a feeling of pride for The quarterly meeting of study clubs of the Omaha Diocese

------~I------Additional Reports of Study Club Activities

LANSING, IOWA but aid greatly the development of leaders among our Catholic RS. F. J. NACHTWEY, president of the Lansing Dean­ women. ery Unit of the Dubuque Archdiocesan Council, Lansing, M Iowa, writes: "Realize that the Lansing Deanery has .no . AKRON, OHIO large cities, and is made up of small towns, country parishes, A most effective program of Catholic Action carried on by and really only two cities of any consequence-Waukon with the Akron Deanery of the Cleveland Diocesan Council of Catho­ about 2,500 inhabitants and Lansing with about 1,600, so too lic Women is believed by Akron Catholic women to have done much cannot be expected from us. So far, eleven study clubs much to "sell" the National Council of Catholic Women to the have been organized throughout this deanery. Lycurgus was entire Akron Deanery area, Catholics and non-Catholics alike. the first to organize, with New Albin second, and five study Through the adult education chairman, Mrs. Cornelius J. clubs are now functioning there. Lansing also already has five Mulcahy, a series of four lectur~s was given, beginning Janu­ clubs organized." ary 16 and continuing weekly until February 6. The ball room WASHINGTON, D. C. of the Mayflower Hotel was reserved and, with a seating ca­ Wires and letters for material for immediate use or for ex­ pacity of 600, each lecture found the ball room capacity over­ amination reach headquarters daily. The outline on "The taxed. Mass" seems to be the popular choice. A total of fifty-one The lectures were given by Mrs. Frank McGowan, of Can­ copies were sent out one day recently. Two were telegraphic ton, who spoke on "The Yo.uth Problem of Today"; the Rev.

New Leadership in the Federal Government-continued from page 6 all the agricultural credit agencies of the United States. There Perhaps the most pressing employment problem is that which v are in all five such agencies-Federal Farm Board, Federal Land arises out of the great number of youths who have reached age Banks, Joint Stock Land Banks, Intermediate Credit Banks and but, never having been employed, are now unable to find work. the Agricultural Credit Corporations set up by the Reconstruc­ In the last Congress, a project was under debate by which these tion Finance Corporation. It is expected that the first effect of youths would be enrolled for service in military training camps. this order will be an economy of approximately two million dol­ No action was taken on this project. lars in administration along with a notable increase of efficiency President Roosevelt has submitted to Congress a request for in management. authority to enroll as many as 250,000 of the unemployed for It has been proposed that in its effort to restore liquidity of work in reforestation and conservation camps to be established assets to institut~ons now overloaded with mortgages, a federal on the national domain. bond issue carrymg the currency privilege be floated, and that This bill is being rewritten to meet objections raised by the such bonds be exchanged for mortgages held by the distressed American Federation of Labor. In its new form, it will prob­ banks. This would provide some relief in the present emergency. ably pass. No measure of relief can expect to solve this problem which The President has recommended an appropriation of five hun­ does not involve a scaling down of the amount of the indebted­ dred million dollars to be disbursed in grants to the states for ness and a reductioJ? of interest rates. The Bankruptcy Act a the relief of distress. A similar bill was under discussion in the amended by the Seventy-second Congress makes provision for recent Congress and the new bill can be expected to be enacted such a course, but is too new yet for any estimate of how it will soon enough to make relief available before the exhaustion of the affect the situation. funds already voted. Under the new bill provisions would be The problem of the indebtedness of farmers is inseparable made for a federal director of relief. This it is expected will from the problem of markets and prices of farm products. Un­ result in a more flexible as well as a more efficient administration less the farmer can sell his crop for more than the cost of pro­ without unnecessarily interferring with the autonomy of local duction he can not meet payments as they fall due. The prob­ relief agencies. lem of a market for farm commodities has been before Congress There is talk of a much larger appropriation for public works many times in the past, and has been under debate continuously which would provide employment for large numbers. since the World War. No acceptable solution has been advanced. Under the economy act passed by the present Congress, the Secretary of Agriculture Wallace, with the concurrence of cer­ President has authority to restore balance. to the federal budget. tain farm leaders, has prepared a bill embodying in general This is to be done by cutting federal expenses, especially by re­ terms several plans which have met with some approval in the vising the pension system and by new revenue from beer and past, and President Roosevelt, confessing that his Secretary of gasoline. . Agriculture proposed to tread unknown paths, has asked Con­ gress for authority to give the plans a trial. The problem is one The unbudgeted outlays for relief and public works are to be that does not lend itself to debate. Until certain well known financed by borrowing. Thus the country is given a dual system­ facts are removed including the fact of over-production, the the budget, which includes the current operating expenses of the problem seems to be without solution. Under these circum­ Government, and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, which stances the request for wide authority seems justified and will comprises all reimbursable capital outlays, and will now prob­ probably be approved by Congress. ably carry also the outlay fol' relief.

RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOL CHILD instruct their children from their tender years in the truths of religion, in the homely virtues, in the essentials of Catholic (Continued from page 13) practice. If we can foster true ideals of the Catholic home and school when it reports an annual expenditure of something like develop them where they exist and replace them where they $12.50 for its Sunday school of several hundred children.... have been lost, then the future of the Faith will be seCUl'e. Fundamentally the program for the religious education of the ------~------Catholic public school child does not differ from the subject BRIEF STUDY CLUB NOTES matter to be taught to any other child. He should be instructed SPOKANE, WASHINGTON in a way suitable to his years in all the elements of doctrine and morality that are essential to what we call Catholic life. Under the leadership of His Excellency, the Most Reverend They should not be presented as mere abstract formulae, entirely Charles D. White, D.D., Bishop of Spokane, Washington, an unrelated to his own life, some vague, mysterious things from a extensive study club program has been launched. The N. C. little book called a catechism without any vital meaning to him, W. C. outline on "The Mass," based on the Rev. C. C. Smyth's but as a rule of faith and a guide to action that he will carry pamphlet, The Ceremonies of the Mass, forms the basis for with him and live by in his home and in the market place, in study, and judging from the number of requests to reach head­ his joys and his sorrows, in his pleasures and in his pains. quarters the movement is receiving a tremendous impetus in Effective training in religion should produce a sense of the this diocese. reality of the things of Faith. How often do our pupils in ATLANTA, GEORGIA catechism classes catch this spirit? ... Under the auspices of the Catholic Club of Business and Pro­ Every Catholic child is entitled to get a clear notion of the fessional Women of Atlanta, Ga., a study club on "The Mass" Catholic Church, membership in which unites him to its head, has been organized. Miss Bess N. Rafferty, who was instru­ Christ, and through Him to his fellow Catholics ..•. mental in developing the movement, writes of the growing in­ Whether in the city or in rural districts, every Catholic child terest of each of the members. She says: "This has not only should be taught loyalty to his parish. He should learn to love proved a successful and popular undertaking in Atlanta, but it and center his religious life about it. . . . 011 a recent visit to Columbus, Ga., 120 miles from Atlanta, a Another very essential thing that every Catholic boy and girl city with a Catholic population of about 600, I was able to ought to learn is how to get married properly...• interest the Catholic club there in a similar project." Unless the evil of bad home influence is to be perpetuated, DES MOINES, IOWA some effort must be made to teach our boys and girls the essen­ Through the Des Moines diocesan chairman of study clubs tials of Catholic home making. They should be taught what headquarters is happy to learn of the formation of a number of constitutes a genuine Catholic home, how important it is to groups to study the N. C. W. C. outline on the Mass. April, 1933 CATHOLIC ACTION

Catholic Action Week in Denver-(Continued from page 12) sion to the fact that the country lost sight of man's dignity as such help. Coloradoans lacked the vision that sooner or later man and both agreed that the remedy lies in a reorganization the blIghting effects of the financial panic of 1929 would in­ of our moral outlook. Rev. H. V. Campbell led the discussion. volve the West. Probably the only group that gave serious "Stabilization of Industry" was considered at the afternoon thought to the situation was the trades union. The criticism session and was viewed through three channels: "Social Leg­ often made that there is plenty of public work to be done which islation," by Senator Verne Hill, vice president of Colorado would supply means of support to needy families was answered State Federation of Labor; "From Viewpoint of Employee," by by Mr. Stevic with the argument that work projects need public C. B. Knoxon, president of Colorado State Federation of Labor; funds which can only be obtained by taxation. While it may and "Through Economic Planning," by Dean E. J. Plowman, cost $10,000,000 to carry the direct relief load in this state dur­ University of Denver. ing 1933 it might require $50,000,000 if all the families needing help were supplied by opportunities to work and receive only 'ENATOR HILL stated: "Social legislation must be enacted the meager amount now given in direct relief. Mr. Stevic S since private capital and business management have failed quoted at length from the Rev. R. A. McGowan, assistant direc­ to keep abreast of the necessity for social reform." One of the tor of the N. C. W. C. Social Action Department. statements of the next speaker was: HWhen millions are de­ prived of the right to earn a living, when millions suffer from "A YEAR'S Contribution to Social Work in Colorado," lack of food, clothing and shelter solely because of increased delivered at the Friday evening session by the Rev. John productive efficiency, the word 'defeat' is stamped on our entire R. Mulroy, director of Catholic Charities, revealed the amazing system," and again: "With restoration of economic stability as sum of nearly $800,000 to have been expended in charity under our objective we must stress the right to work as a fundamental Catholic auspices in 1932. right and in doing so declare there is need of a program based Joseph O'Connell talked on the Costigan-LaFollette bill. The on shorter hours of labor and a higher wage." Senator Hill Rev. William Higgins was chairman at the evening session; also advocated the shorter work-day and shorter work-week. John J. Sullivan, during the afternoon's proceedings. The Rev. Dean Plowman asserted the problems of economic planning Henry Ford, William J. Roche, and Joseph Maguire, presided are three: control of surpluses, control of distribution, and at short sessions. creation of new wealth. The Rev. John P. Moran opened the Diocesan Children's In­ Evening speakers on Thursday's program were the Rev. Wil­ stitute Friday afternoon in the Knights of Columbus parlor. liam O'Ryan, D.D., and Thomas F. Mahoney, of Longmont. "The Child and the Institution" was the theme and the speakers Father O'Ryan gave a scholarly address on Frederick Ozanam, were Sister Desidera, Sacred Heart Orphanage, Pueblo; Sister founder of the Society of St. Vincent de Paul, and traced the Ursula, Queen of Heaven Orphanage; Father Cotter, of St. glorious work of this organization down to the present day. Vincent's, and Brother Basil, of the Mullen Home for Boys. Mr. Mahoney based his remarks on the labor encyclicals of The talks were informative. Of particular interest was the Pope Pius XI and Pope Leo XIII. He explained the stand of announcement that a class in domestic science had recently the Church on economics and stated that the wretched condi­ been added to the Queen of Heaven curriculum as a means of tion which- accumulation of wealth in the hands of a few has equipping the girls for economic independence. Father Cotter brought about was not exaggerated by the Holy Fathers. and Brother Basil stressed the importance of wholesome food Chairmen of the various sessions Thursday were Paul Horan, and healthful recreation and of leading in spiritual training Joseph A. Craven, and J. A. Gallaher. rather than compelling. The Catholic Charities conference on Friday brought out "The Adolescent Child and the. School" was the subject at the vividly the rapidly increasing distress in our midst and that all first session on Saturday, at which Sister Dolorine presided. agencies are endeavoring to meet the situation in the best The R~v. J. P. Moran, chaplain of the Morrison Home for Girls manner afforded by the funds available. and the State Industrial School for Boys, was able to give help­ ful hints gleaned from personal experience. SYSTEM of cooperation between public and private agencies, So, too, Frederick Walbridge, of the Juvenile Court, who dealt A while not yet perfect, is constructive. This was outlined with the subject "Cooperation Between Court and School." by Superintendent Cherbonnier, of the Homeless Men's Bureau, Mrs. T. A. Cosgriff presided while "Specific Remedies in City Hall, in a description of "Denver's Plan for the Care of Child Welfare" were sought. This session had three parts' Homeless Men," a class which has shown an appalling increase. Parish Social Club as a Moral Safeguard" by the Rev. E. J The charity done by St. Vincent de Paul's Society was proudly Mannix, of St. Catherine's; HExceptional Child and His Place proclaimed by C. D. O'Brien, president of the Particular Coun­ in the School," by Sister M. Francisca, of Loretto Heights; and cil, who was the second speaker on Friday's program. It was "Safeguarding Health Through Clinics and Summer Camps ' recently found necessary to open another St. Vincent de Paul by Dr. Martin Currigan. Shelter House so severely taxed was the capacity of the original refuge. "The Present Situation in Rural Colorado," and how ATHOLIC ACTION WEEK was concluded on Saturday. it is being met through official relief committees was related by C February 18, with luncheon at the Argonaut Hotel, Father Miss Jessie I. Lummis, member of the Colorado Official Relief Mulroy presiding. Speakers were the Rev. Matthew Smith, Committee. Ph.D., LL.D., who very fittingly dwelt on "Catholic Action and The Rev. E. J. McCarthy, of Alamosa, was the next speaker­ the Press," and Bishop. Vehr, whose subject,. HReligion and his subject, "The Catholic Social Program in Rural Parishes." Character Building/' brought out many fine truths and proved Father McCarthy sees the hope of the Church in children reared religion to be the great influence in the building of character. in rural districts. Seated at the bishop's table, in addition to speakers and mem­ The pro and con of private and public relief in the depression bers of the executive committee, were the Rev. Fathers J. J. was considered at the Friday afternoon session. Col. George Donnelly, Joseph O'Heron, W. V. Powers, and .Guy T. Justus, Duquette, superintendent of the Volunteers of America, de­ of the Community Chest. The officers for the conference were: fended the one while Miss Eunice Robinson, executive secretary Cha:rman, the Most Rev. Bishop Vehr; vice chairman, the Rev. of the Bureau of Charities, City and County of Denver, ex- Fathers Mulroy, Campbell, and Ford; executive committee, the plained the other. . Rev. Fathers H. V. Campbell, J. R. Mulroy, J. P. Moran, Mat­ J. O. Stevic, secretary of Mayor Begole's committee on thew Smith, and H. L. McMenamin; Mesdames T. A. Gosgriff. Emergency Relief and member of the state committee, explained M. J. O'Fallon, Joseph C. Hagus, Misses Mary Coughlin, and the program of Reconstruction Finance Corporation relief in Nellie Lennon, John J. Sullivan, Joseph Maguire, Joseph Little, Colorado, which was among the last of the states to ask for T. F. Mahoney, and C. D. O'Brien.

------~I------32 CATHOLIC ACTION April, 1933 N. C. W. C. PUBLICATION · LIST

All Pamphlets, Single Copies, IOe.

ENCYCLICALS OF PIUS XI PEACE STUDY CLUB OUTLINES $2.50 for 50 copies - $4.50 per hundred $4.50 for 50 copies - $8.00 per hundred Single copies 25 cent8 - $5.00 for 'l'went1l-five Encyclical on St. Francis of Assisi; Peace Trends; Ethics of War; Causes Health Education; Immigration; Re­ Encyclical on True Religious Unity; of War-Security, Old and New; Inter· ligion-l'art I; Religion-Part II; The Encyclical on Christian Education of national Ethics; Latin America and Family; The Mass; Women and Indus­ Youth; Encyclical on Saint Augustine; the United States; Peace Statements of try; The Mass and Catholic Action; Encyclical on Christian Marriage; Recent Popes; American Agriculture The Parent Educator (Vol I 2Sc, Vol. Forty Years After; Encyclical on Cath­ and International Affairs; Francis de II, 50c); Analysis of Christian Marriage olic Action; The Light of Truth; The Vitorio-Founder of International Law; Encyclical, (IOc); St. Mark's Gospel, Sacred Heart and W orId Distress; The Porto Rico and the United States; (IOc ). 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