Rotating Space Elevators: Classical and Statistical Mechanics
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Stairway to Heaven? Geographies of the Space Elevator in Science Fiction
ISSN 2624-9081 • DOI 10.26034/roadsides-202000306 Stairway to Heaven? Geographies of the Space Elevator in Science Fiction Oliver Dunnett Outer space is often presented as a kind of universal global commons – a space for all humankind, against which the hopes and dreams of humanity have been projected. Yet, since the advent of spaceflight, it has become apparent that access to outer space has been limited, shaped and procured in certain ways. Geographical approaches to the study of outer space have started to interrogate the ways in which such inequalities have emerged and sustained themselves, across environmental, cultural and political registers. For example, recent studies have understood outer space as increasingly foreclosed by certain state and commercial actors (Beery 2012), have emphasised narratives of tropical difference in understanding geosynchronous equatorial satellite orbits (Dunnett 2019) and, more broadly, have conceptualised the Solar System as part of Earth’s environment (Degroot 2017). It is clear from this and related literature that various types of infrastructure have been a significant part of the uneven geographies of outer space, whether in terms of long-established spaceports (Redfield 2000), anticipatory infrastructures (Gorman 2009) or redundant space hardware orbiting Earth as debris (Klinger 2019). collection no. 003 • Infrastructure on/off Earth Roadsides Stairway to Heaven? 43 Having been the subject of speculation in both engineering and science-fictional discourses for many decades, the space elevator has more recently been promoted as a “revolutionary and efficient way to space for all humanity” (ISEC 2017). The concept involves a tether lowered from a position in geostationary orbit to a point on Earth’s equator, along which an elevator can ascend and arrive in orbit. -
Lunar Space Elevator Infrastructure
Lunar Space Elevator Infrastructure A Cost Saving Approach to Human Spaceflight within a 15-year Constrained NASA Budget White Paper Submitted at the Open Invitation of the National Research Council 2013 Lunar Space Elevator Infrastructure In Response to the National Research Council’s Study on the Benefits, Challenges and Ramifications of America’s Human Spaceflight Program. LiftPort Group presents a Cost-Effective Approach to Human Spaceflight within a 15-year Constrained NASA Budget. | MICHAEL LAINE – PRESIDENT, LIFTPORT GROUP | CHARLES RADLEY MSC., – ADVISOR, LIFTPORT GROUP | MARSHALL EUBANKS MSC., – ADVISOR, LIFTPORT GROUP | JEROME PEARSON MSC., – ADVISOR, LIFTPORT GROUP | PETER SWAN PHD., – ADVISOR, LIFTPORT GROUP | LEE GRAHAM (NASA – HIS VIEWS DO NOT REFLECT HIS EMPLOYER) | | 8 JULY 2013 | LIFTPORT GROUP | 1307 Dogwood Hill RD SW, Port Orchard, WA, 98366 | www.liftport.com | (862) 438-5383 | [email protected] LiftPort’s Lunar Space Elevator Infrastructure: Affordable Response to Human Spaceflight What are the important benefits provided to the United States and other countries by human spaceflight endeavors? The ability to place humans in space is exciting to the public, and demonstrates the technological maturity and stature of each spacefaring nation. Such a visible and peaceful demonstration of cutting edge technology fosters foreign policy by showing Page | 1 strength without engaging in conflicti. Human spaceflight sparks the imagination and serves an instinctive need to explore. Astronauts are ambassadors for all of humanity in a very personal way. Men and women in space suits inspire people – of all cultures and demographics – to achieve excellence, to believe in a common cause and to pursue a noble goal. -
SPEAKERS TRANSPORTATION CONFERENCE FAA COMMERCIAL SPACE 15TH ANNUAL John R
15TH ANNUAL FAA COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION CONFERENCE SPEAKERS COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION http://www.faa.gov/go/ast 15-16 FEBRUARY 2012 HQ-12-0163.INDD John R. Allen Christine Anderson Dr. John R. Allen serves as the Program Executive for Crew Health Christine Anderson is the Executive Director of the New Mexico and Safety at NASA Headquarters, Washington DC, where he Spaceport Authority. She is responsible for the development oversees the space medicine activities conducted at the Johnson and operation of the first purpose-built commercial spaceport-- Space Center, Houston, Texas. Dr. Allen received a B.A. in Speech Spaceport America. She is a recently retired Air Force civilian Communication from the University of Maryland (1975), a M.A. with 30 years service. She was a member of the Senior Executive in Audiology/Speech Pathology from The Catholic University Service, the civilian equivalent of the military rank of General of America (1977), and a Ph.D. in Audiology and Bioacoustics officer. Anderson was the founding Director of the Space from Baylor College of Medicine (1996). Upon completion of Vehicles Directorate at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland his Master’s degree, he worked for the Easter Seals Treatment Air Force Base, New Mexico. She also served as the Director Center in Rockville, Maryland as an audiologist and speech- of the Space Technology Directorate at the Air Force Phillips language pathologist and received certification in both areas. Laboratory at Kirtland, and as the Director of the Military Satellite He joined the US Air Force in 1980, serving as Chief, Audiology Communications Joint Program Office at the Air Force Space at Andrews AFB, Maryland, and at the Wiesbaden Medical and Missile Systems Center in Los Angeles where she directed Center, Germany, and as Chief, Otolaryngology Services at the the development, acquisition and execution of a $50 billion Aeromedical Consultation Service, Brooks AFB, Texas, where portfolio. -
The Space Elevator NIAC Phase II Final Report March 1, 2003
The Space Elevator NIAC Phase II Final Report March 1, 2003 Bradley C. Edwards, Ph.D. Eureka Scientific [email protected] The Space Elevator NIAC Phase II Final Report Executive Summary This document in combination with the book The Space Elevator (Edwards and Westling, 2003) summarizes the work done under a NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts Phase II grant to develop the space elevator. The effort was led by Bradley C. Edwards, Ph.D. and involved more than 20 institutions and 50 participants at some level. The objective of this program was to produce an initial design for a space elevator using current or near-term technology and evaluate the effort yet required prior to construction of the first space elevator. Prior to our effort little quantitative analysis had been completed on the space elevator concept. Our effort examined all aspects of the design, construction, deployment and operation of a space elevator. The studies were quantitative and detailed, highlighting problems and establishing solutions throughout. It was found that the space elevator could be constructed using existing technology with the exception of the high-strength material required. Our study has also found that the high-strength material required is currently under development and expected to be available in 2 years. Accepted estimates were that the space elevator could not be built for at least 300 years. Colleagues have stated that based on our effort an elevator could be operational in 30 to 50 years. Our estimate is that the space elevator could be operational in 15 years for $10B. In any case, our effort has enabled researchers and engineers to debate the possibility of a space elevator operating in 15 to 50 years rather than 300. -
05, Military, Aerospace, Space & Homeland
------------------------------------------------------------- [コンフェレンス紹介] May 3-5, 2005 MASH '05, Military, Aerospace, Space & Homeland Security Sacramento Marriott Rancho Cordova http://www.imaps.org/mash ------------------------------------------------------------- 2005 年 4 月 28 日 19:12 WIRED NEWS (2005/04/28) NASA、量子ワイヤ研究を援助――宇宙エレベータも射程 http://hotwired.goo.ne.jp/news/20050428301.html NASA はライス大学の量子ワイヤ研究に対する$11M の資金援助 く、宇宙船軽量化やプロセッサ高速化につながる。「宇宙エレベ を発表。2010 年までに長さ 1m の電線を完成させるのが目標。カ ータ」への応用も含め、ナノチューブは人類を宇宙へと送出すの ーボン・ナノチューブで作る量子ワイヤは軽量で電気伝導度が高 に大きな役割を果たすと期待されている。 ------------------------------------------------------------- 2005 年 4 月 28 日 19:12 WIRED NEWS (2005/04/28) ロケット燃料による飲料水汚染、米国の 36 州で http://hotwired.goo.ne.jp/news/20050428305.html 米の 36 の州で、ロケット燃料や兵器の製造に使われた化学 巨額の費用がかかるため、現在米環境保護局(EPA)では強制 薬品によって、飲料水が汚染されていることが判明。浄化に 力のない安全基準しか定めていない。 ------------------------------------------------------------- 2005 年 4 月 26 日 9:28 ジェトロ 半導体パッケージングの大型投資相次ぐ(中国) 上海発 半導体製造は前工程生産能力が急成長し、最近は後工程とい 体パッケージングへの大規模投資が相次いでいる。 われる半導体パッケージング需要が高まっている。このため半導 ------------------------------------------------------------- 2005 年 4 月 25 日 9:24 ジェトロ EU 憲法条約の批准、最初のヤマ場近づく(EU) ブリュッセル発 ギリシャ議会が 4 月 19 日、EU 憲法条約を賛成多数(賛成:268 となるもので、2006 年秋ごろの発効を目指している。発効には全 票、反対:17 票)で承認し、ギリシャは EU25 ヵ国中 5 番目の批准 加盟国の批准が必要で、5 月 29 日に実施予定のフランスの国民 国となった。EU 憲法条約は EU の拡大に伴い、新たな基本条約 投票が最初のヤマ場となる。 ------------------------------------------------------------- 2005 年 4 月 22 日 19:10 WIRED NEWS (2005/04/22) 狙った相手だけに聞かせる音声伝送システムに MIT 発明賞 http://hotwired.goo.ne.jp/news/20050422301.html 米マサチューセッツ工科大学(MIT)『レメルソン -
Iac-04-Iaa.3.8.3.07 the Lunar Space Elevator
IAC-04-IAA.3.8.3.07 THE LUNAR SPACE ELEVATOR Jerome Pearson, Eugene Levin, John Oldson, and Harry Wykes STAR Inc., Mount Pleasant, SC USA; [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper examines lunar space elevators, a concept originated by the lead author, for lunar development. Lunar space elevators are flexible structures connecting the lunar surface with counterweights located beyond the L1 or L2 Lagrangian points in the Earth- moon system. A lunar space elevator on the moon’s near side, balanced about the L1 Lagrangian point, could support robotic climbing vehicles to release lunar material into high Earth orbit. A lunar space elevator on the moon’s far side, balanced about L2, could provide nearly continuous communication with an astronomical observatory on the moon’s far side, away from the optical and radio interference from the Earth. Because of the lower mass of the moon, such lunar space elevators could be constructed of existing materials instead of carbon nanotubes, and would be much less massive than the Earth space elevator. We review likely spots for development of lunar surface operations (south pole locations for water and continuous sunlight, and equatorial locations for lower delta-V), and examine the likely payload requirements for Earth-to-moon and moon-to-Earth transportation. We then examine its capability to launch large amounts of lunar material into high Earth orbit, and do a top-level system analysis to evaluate the potential payoffs of lunar space elevators. SPACE ELEVATOR HISTORY The idea of a "stairway to heaven" is as as the rotation period of the body. -
State of the Space Industrial Base 2020 Report
STATE OF THE SPACE INDUSTRIAL BASE 2020 A Time for Action to Sustain US Economic & Military Leadership in Space Summary Report by: Brigadier General Steven J. Butow, Defense Innovation Unit Dr. Thomas Cooley, Air Force Research Laboratory Colonel Eric Felt, Air Force Research Laboratory Dr. Joel B. Mozer, United States Space Force July 2020 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. DISCLAIMER The views expressed in this report reflect those of the workshop attendees, and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the US government, the Department of Defense, the US Air Force, or the US Space Force. Use of NASA photos in this report does not state or imply the endorsement by NASA or by any NASA employee of a commercial product, service, or activity. USSF-DIU-AFRL | July 2020 i ABOUT THE AUTHORS Brigadier General Steven J. Butow, USAF Colonel Eric Felt, USAF Brig. Gen. Butow is the Director of the Space Portfolio at Col. Felt is the Director of the Air Force Research the Defense Innovation Unit. Laboratory’s Space Vehicles Directorate. Dr. Thomas Cooley Dr. Joel B. Mozer Dr. Cooley is the Chief Scientist of the Air Force Research Dr. Mozer is the Chief Scientist at the US Space Force. Laboratory’s Space Vehicles Directorate. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FROM THE EDITORS Dr. David A. Hardy & Peter Garretson The authors wish to express their deep gratitude and appreciation to New Space New Mexico for hosting the State of the Space Industrial Base 2020 Virtual Solutions Workshop; and to all the attendees, especially those from the commercial space sector, who spent valuable time under COVID-19 shelter-in-place restrictions contributing their observations and insights to each of the six working groups. -
Today's Space Elevator
International Space Elevator Consortium ISEC Position Paper # 2019-1 Today's Space Elevator Space Elevator Matures into the Galactic Harbour A Primer for Progress in Space Elevator Development Peter Swan, Ph.D. Michael Fitzgerald ii Today's Space Elevator Space Elevator Matures into the Galactic Harbour Peter Swan, Ph.D. Michael Fitzgerald Prepared for the International Space Elevator Consortium Chief Architect's Office Sept 2019 iii iv Today's Space Elevator Copyright © 2019 by: Peter Swan Michael Fitzgerald International Space Elevator Consortium All rights reserved, including the rights to reproduce this manuscript or portions thereof in any form. Published by Lulu.com [email protected] 978-0-359-93496-6 Cover Illustrations: Front – with permission of Galactic Harbour Association. Back – with permission of Michael Fitzgerald. Printed in the United States of America v vi Preface The Space Elevator is a Catalyst for Change! There was a moment in time that I realized the baton had changed hands - across three generations. I was talking within a small but enthusiastic group of attendees at the International Space Development Conference in June 2019. On that stage there was generation "co-inventor" Jerome Pearson, generation "advancing concept" Michael Fitzgerald and generation "excited students" James Torla and Souvik Mukherjee. The "moment" was more than an assembly of young and old. It was also a portrait of the stewards of the Space Elevator revolution -- from Inventor to Developer to Innovators. James was working a college research project on how to get to Mars in 77 days from the Apex Anchor and Souvik (16 years old) was representing his high school from India. -
These Aren't the Asteroids You Are Looking
These Aren’t the Asteroids You Are Looking For: Classifying Asteroids in Space as Chattels, Not Land Andrew Tingkang* I. INTRODUCTION “The truth is I don’t know what we’re going to find. But I know that everything will be different. It will be like Cecil Rhodes discovering diamonds in South Africa.” “He didn’t discover the mine,” she said. “He just made the most money.” “I could live with that.”1 Space, as the saying goes, is the final frontier. We humans first ven- tured beyond the atmosphere in 1961, under the threatening cloud of the Cold War.2 Since that time, we have made a number of stunning accom- plishments in outer space. We established a permanent presence in outer space through the International Space Station, where scientists and astro- nauts continue to work on research to benefit both humanity on Earth and the future of humanity’s activities in space.3 American presidents from both sides of the aisle have expressed a strong interest in sending Ameri- cans back to the Moon and beyond.4 Humanity has achieved some of its * J.D. Candidate, Seattle University School of Law, 2012; B.A., Philosophy and Political Science, University of Washington, 2009. I would like to thank my parents, Glenn and Laurie, and my broth- ers, Bryan and Cameron, for their constant and continuing love and support. I also thank all of the editors from the Seattle University Law Review who have contributed to this Comment. I may be reached at [email protected]. 1. Reid Malenfant, a driven protagonist that would make Ayn Rand proud, speaking about sending a mission to an asteroid. -
Toward Innovation Creation for Space Activities
QUARTERLY REVIEW No.35 /April 2010 6 Toward Innovation Creation for Space Activities TAKAFUMI SHIMIZU Monodzukuri Technology, Infrastructure and Frontier Research Unit terminated thereafter. 1 Introduction Launch costs of rockets, which are the only space transportation systems currently available, are on Science fiction writer Arthur C. Clark has made the order of 10,000 dollars per kilogram. Since an future science and technology predictions, and Table artificial satellite is required to be rigid to withstand 1 describes those predictions of him that concern the severe rocket launch environment as well as to be space activities.[1] The recent emergence of carbon lightweight because of the expensive rocket launch nanotubes, which are very strong and light, has raised cost, and furthermore since it is required to be highly the possibility of developing the space elevator listed reliable and to have a long design-life because its on- in the table’s first column, and it is predicted that the orbit maintenance and repair are impractical, the elevator would come true around 2050 according to satellite itself is inevitably expensive. the nanotechnology field of the technology strategy On the other hand, there is an argument that by map 2009 published by the New Energy and introducing not mere improvements of existing proven Industrial Technology Development Organization technologies, but totally new concepts that are not (NEDO), a Japanese independent administrative illogical and absurd empty theories but are based on agency.[2] Demands for the space guard listed in the sound physical principles, space activities with far less second column have always been high. -
Space Elevators Are the Transportation Story of 21 Century
International Space Elevator Consortium ISEC Position Paper # 2020-2 Space Elevators are the Transportation Story of 21st Century Peter Swan, Ph.D., Cathy Swan, Ph.D. Michael Fitzgerald, Matthew Peet, Ph.D., James Torla Vern Hall Appropriate Architecture A Primer for Progress in Space Elevator Development International Space Elevator Consortium ISEC Position Paper # 2020-2 ii Space Elevators are the Transportation Story of the 21st Century Peter Swan, Ph.D. Cathy Swan, Ph.D. Michael Fitzgerald Matthew Peet, Ph.D. James Torla Vern Hall Prepared for the International Space Elevator Consortium July 2020 International Space Elevator Consortium ISEC Position Paper # 2020-2 Space Elevators are the Transportation Story of the 21st Century Copyright © 2020 by: Peter Swan International Space Elevator Consortium All rights reserved, including the rights to reproduce this manuscript or portions thereof in any form. Published by Lulu.com [email protected] 978-1-71674-663-5 Cover Illustrations: Front – Amelia Stanton Back – Peter Swan Printed in the United States of America iii International Space Elevator Consortium ISEC Position Paper # 2020-2 iv International Space Elevator Consortium ISEC Position Paper # 2020-2 Preface A Network of Space Elevators enables humankind’s movement off of Planet Earth Elon Musk has stated he needs one million metric tonnes of supplies delivered to his colony on Mars.1 In addition, the leadership of the Space Solar Power satellite constellation has stated they need five million metric tonnes delivered to Geosynchronous orbit.2 Meanwhile, the European led Moon Village Association has stated they need "quite a lot of mass" delivered to the surface of the Moon to ensure a successful development for the gathering of people and missions. -
Opening the Pandora's Box of Space Law Paul Tobias
Hastings International and Comparative Law Review Volume 28 Article 7 Number 2 Winter 2005 1-1-2005 Opening the Pandora's Box of Space Law Paul Tobias Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/ hastings_international_comparative_law_review Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, and the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Paul Tobias, Opening the Pandora's Box of Space Law, 28 Hastings Int'l & Comp.L. Rev. 299 (2005). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_international_comparative_law_review/vol28/iss2/7 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hastings International and Comparative Law Review by an authorized editor of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. Opening the Pandora's Box of Space Law By PAUL TOBIAS* Introduction The greatest danger facing us in outer space comes not from the physical environment, however cold and hostile it may be, but from our own human nature and from the discords that trouble our relationship here on earth. Therefore, as we stand on the threshold of the space age, our first responsibility as governments is clear: we must make sure that man's earthly conflicts will not be carried into outer space.' During the golden age of exploration, Pope Alexander VI resolved the question of sovereignty by drawing a line across a map of the New World.2 All lands to the west of the line were given to Spain, and all lands to the east were given to Portugal.3 To this day, while the majority of South Americans speak Spanish, the official language of Brazil is Portuguese.