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Saaremaa, 13-21 May 2015 Notes on Birds Seen and Heard on Saaremaa

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Saaremaa, 13-21 May 2015 Notes on Birds Seen and Heard on Saaremaa Saaremaa, 13-21 May 2015 Notes on birds seen and heard on Saaremaa in 2015, with some comparative records from 2013 and 2014. The numbers in square brackets within entries are the estimated breeding pairs on Saaremaa taken from the most recent (31.12.11) checklist, which is available online at Loona Manor (LM). I’m not sure quite how these totals were calculated, however, or how many observers were involved. I gather that the leading naturalist on the island is Mati Martinson, who lives near Sääre and he was the one who put the list together. I query some of the figures (in both directions) on the basis of my own, admittedly very limited, experiences. In interpreting the figures it should be remembered that Saaremaa is a large island (2,688 sq km, so about the size of Luxembourg or Samoa, and larger than Lewis and Harris combined; the Isle of Wight by comparison is about 380 sq km); it is thinly populated (40,000 residents, mostly in Kuressaare) and very densely forested (with many inaccessible lakes, bogs and marshes). There may well be great snipe and collared flycatcher here, as the checklist records, but they are going to be hard to find without local knowledge. We were again based at Loona Manor the whole time in 2015, made two day trips to Vilsandi island, went four times to the Vidumäe reserve, made one drive to Sääre in the SE, but otherwise just explored the local coastline and forests in the W and NW near Loona. Much the same as in previous years, but the 2015 trip started a little later and was a couple of days shorter (2013 was 9-19 May; 2014 was 12-22 May). The weather was generally cold (5-10C) and dull most of the week, with a few bright periods but rain on several days and a persistent strong and chill wind from northerly quarters. It only started feeling more spring-like, let alone at all summery, on 21 May (the day of our departure). We were told that spring was a couple of weeks late. There were therefore no orchids in flower and the trees were still quite bare for most of the week. The main bird migration movements were also clearly delayed, though various outriders made it on more-or-less the same dates as in previous years. No mosquito problems at any rate, though some were emerging by the 20th. It was light until at least 11pm (the clocks are two hours ahead of UK summertime). Whole entries in square brackets involve species recorded only en route between Saaremaa and Tallinn and not in Saaremaa itself. Notes on species seen in 2013 and 2014 but not in 2015 are included for completeness. Mute swan. Common, no doubt included migrants, but a good number stay to breed [550-600]. Whooper swan. A pair on the big field at the back of Loona on the 14th and 15th and at Kargi on the 18th. A few breed [5-10]. Greylag goose. Common, but the numbers presumably include a lot of migrants. [200-500]. Barnacle goose. Common and vocal; the herds must have included a very large number of migrants (sometimes in parties of over a thousand). There is a huge spring migration of these passing through in May. Just a few stay to breed [80-100]. Brent goose. Recorded in 2014 (see notes to that year). Canada goose. Recorded in 2013 [2]. Shelduck. Common [250-300]. Wigeon. None in 2015, though a few late migrants in previous years [0-5]. 1 Gadwall. Almost as common as mallard and the checklist figure of breeding pairs [200-300] seems an underestimate? Teal. Recorded in 2013, but none in 2014 or 2015 [100-300]. Garganey. Just one record of a pair at Lomala promontory on 14 May in 2015; more in 2014 [100- 200]. Mallard. Very common [3000-4000]. Shoveler. Quite common [100-200]. Pochard. Three on Lake Linnulaht on 18 May; more widely distributed in 2014 [200-400]. Tufted duck. Common [1000-2000]. Pintail. Recorded in 2014 on Vilsandi lake. Scaup. Parties of late migrants in the bays and on the crossing from Virtsu. A few stay to breed [0-5]. Smew. Recorded in 2013 on Lake Laialepa (Harilaid peninsula). Doesn’t breed. Eider. Big colony on Vilsandi and no doubt some at other coastal spots [3000-5000]. Long-tailed duck. Large numbers (100s) seen on the ferry crossing to Saaremaa on 13 May, but none on the return trip on 21 May. As previous years. [Doesn’t breed]. Velvet scoter. Just a few round the coast opposite Vilsandi, though there is said to be a huge passage in early-mid May involving over a million birds passing through the Baltic. A few breed [100-150]. Goldeneye. Several pairs and small parties. [10]. Red-breasted merganser. Quite common round the coasts [200-300]. Goosander. Common both round coast and on lakes, including quite small ones like the pond at the back of Loona. Parties of up to 30 at the lighthouse end of Vilsandi [300-500]. Hazel hen. One probable in 2014. Huge territory, tiny population [0-5]. Black-throated diver. One recorded in 2013. Big spring transit of these but none breed in S. Surprised not to have seen more divers overall. Great crested grebe. Quite a few on the larger lakes and round the coast [200-400]. Red-necked grebe. At least two breeding pairs at Riksu in 2015; also other places in previous years [100-150]. Black-necked grebe. One probable at Riksu on 14 May. A very rare breeder [0-1]. Slavonian grebe. One at Lake Linnulaht on 18 May (likely to be breeding there); 3-4 at Riksu in 2014 [40-80]. Cormorant (sinensis). Quite common, with huge colony on Vilsandi [3000]. Great egret. A surprise party of three roosting with the herons at Riksu on the 14th. Migrants or intending breeders? If latter, they are probably the most northerly ones in Europe, indicating a further range extension. Not seen on second (brief) visit on the 18th,. 2 Grey heron. Quite a few singletons here and there and a group (looked like a breeding colony) at Riksu on 14 May [200-300]. [Bittern. None heard on Saaremaa but a boomer at Matsalu (Manor walk) on 21 May. Nice Estonian name of Hüüp [30-70].] Black stork. Recorded at Vidumäe in 2013 (they nest near there) but not seen in 2014 or 2015 [10-20].] [White stork. Not seen on Saaremaa. Only [6] pairs supposed to be there, oddly, but many pairs nesting by roadside on way from and to Tallinn]. [Honey buzzard. One at Virtsu in 2014. Surprised not have seen more since they are common on mainland Estonia – and are featured on the new national stamps. [10-30]] White-tailed sea eagle. Several widely distributed birds, sometimes two together. A natural presence in the landscape. One on the same rock off Lou Pank as in 2014 [30-40]. Spotted eagle sp. One bird at Lake Linnulaht on 16 May 2013 was probably a lesser, but another spotted sp. was seen at close range near Lope in both 2014 and 2015, near to a large eagle’s nest, which had one young in it on 18 May (doing its wing-stretching exercises). Lesser breeds on Saaremaa [0-2]. Marsh harrier. Several one’s and two’s, but surprising not more given the habitat available [100- 150]. Montagu harrier. One on Vilsandi in 2013. Breeds in small numbers [10-20]. Seen en route from Tallinn in 2015. [Hen harriers breed in small numbers [10-20] but we didn’t see any on Saaremaa itself, though we did see one or two en route from Tallinn. In general it seemed surprising not to find more raptors of all kinds since rodents must abound, but the territory is huge.] Osprey. One flying over at Kargi on the 18th. Again, surprisingly rare [0-2]. Sparrow hawk. One only in 2015, on Vilsandi on 19 May [200-300]. Goshawk. One on Harilaid peninsula in 2013 and one en route in 2014. A few breed on Saaremaa [30-40]. Buzzard. Quite a few, presumed vulpinus [300-400]. Peregrine. One recorded on Vilsandi on 9 May 2013. Doesn’t breed. Kestrel. Two on Harilaid in 2013 and 2014, and on Vilsandi in 2014 and 2015, but why so few [5- 10]? Huge area of rough grasslands [5-10]. Hobby. One on Vilsandi on the 15th and three on the 19th A few breed [30-50]. Coot. Quite common on larger lakes [500-1,000]. [Moorhen. None in any year, surprisingly scarce on Saaremaa [20-40].] Water rail. None recorded in 2015. One or two heard calling in previous years [50-100]. Corncrake. One craking at Loona on 21 May 2014, but none in 2015 (presumably late arriving). Nice Estonian name of rukkirääk [300-500]. 3 Crane. Common, though they seemed less conspicuous early in the week than in previous years. One gathering of 41 in field near Loona on the 16th suggested they might not all have paired off and dispersed yet? [700]. Oystercatcher. Quite common [1,500-2,000]. Ringed plover. Quite ccommon [1,000-2,000]. Little ringed plover. A few on the west coast beach areas like Kaugatoma [20-30]. Grey plover. A few (in spectacular summer plumage); only a migrant here. Lapwing. Common [1,000-1,500]. Common snipe. Only one in 2015, on sentry duty on a post at Alta (near Loona) [1,000-2,000]. Woodcock. A surprise not to find any of these in any year [1,000-3,000], but we didn’t make any evening outings beyond Loona.
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