Liquid Crystal Display and Organic Light-Emitting Diode Display: Present Status and Future Perspectives
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Idw ’08 the 15Th International Display Workshops
IDW ’08 THE 15TH INTERNATIONAL DISPLAY WORKSHOPS Workshops on • LC Science and Technologies • Active Matrix Displays • FPD Manufacturing, Materials and Components • Plasma Displays • EL Displays and Phosphors • Field Emission Display and CRT • Organic LED Displays • 3D/Hyper-Realistic Displays and Systems • Applied Vision and Human Factors • Projection and Large-Area Displays, and Their Components • Electronic Paper • MEMS for Future Displays and Related Electron Devices • Display Electronic Systems Topical Sessions on • Display Technologies for Professional Use • Flexible Displays • Final Program Toki Messe Niigata Convention Center Niigata, Japan December 3(Wed) – 5(Fri), 2008 CONTENTS Program Highlights............................................................................... 5 General Information.............................................................................. 9 Hotel and Travel Information............................................................... 12 Plenary Sessions Wednesday, December 3 IDW ’08 Opening ............................................................................... 16 IDW ’08 Keynote Addresses.............................................................. 16 IDW ’08 Invited Address.................................................................... 17 Workshop on LC Science and Technologies Wednesday, December 3 Opening............................................................................................... 18 LCT1 Fascinating LC Materials ...................................................... -
Video Quality Assessment Using Spatio-Velocity Contrast Sensitivity Function
IEICE TRANS. INF. & SYST., VOL.Exx–??, NO.xx XXXX 200x 1 PAPER Video Quality Assessment using Spatio-Velocity Contrast Sensitivity Function Keita HIRAI †a) , Jambal TUMURTOGOO †, Student Members , Ayano KIKUCHI †, Nonmember , Norimichi TSUMURA †, Toshiya NAKAGUCHI †, and Yoichi MIYAKE †† , Members SUMMARY Due to the development and popularization of ever the cost of a subjective evaluation is expensive high-definition televisions, digital video cameras, Blu-ray discs, and it is not an appropriate way for a versatile VQA digital broadcasting, IP television and so on, it plays an impor- method. On the other hand, an objective VQA method tant role to identify and quantify video quality degradations. In this paper, we propose SV-CIELAB which is an objective video is not expensive compared with subjective methods. In quality assessment (VQA) method using a spatio-velocity con- general, factors of image quality in objective evalua- trast sensitivity function (SV-CSF). In SV-CIELAB, motion in- tions are quantified by the criteria such as sharpness, formation in videos is effectively utilized for filtering unnecessary color reproduction, tone reproduction and noise char- information in the spatial frequency domain. As the filter to apply videos, we used the SV-CSF. It is a modulation trans- acteristics. The simplest and most widely used image fer function of the human visual system, and consists of the re- quality assessment (IQA) method is the mean square lationship among contrast sensitivities, spatial frequencies and error (MSE) or peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). But velocities of perceived stimuli. In the filtering process, the SV- they are not very well correlated with perceived visual CSF cannot be directly applied in the spatial frequency domain quality [1-5]. -
Holographic Optics for Thin and Lightweight Virtual Reality
Holographic Optics for Thin and Lightweight Virtual Reality ANDREW MAIMONE, Facebook Reality Labs JUNREN WANG, Facebook Reality Labs Fig. 1. Left: Photo of full color holographic display in benchtop form factor. Center: Prototype VR display in sunglasses-like form factor with display thickness of 8.9 mm. Driving electronics and light sources are external. Right: Photo of content displayed on prototype in center image. Car scenes by komba/Shutterstock. We present a class of display designs combining holographic optics, direc- small text near the limit of human visual acuity. This use case also tional backlighting, laser illumination, and polarization-based optical folding brings VR out of the home and in to work and public spaces where to achieve thin, lightweight, and high performance near-eye displays for socially acceptable sunglasses and eyeglasses form factors prevail. virtual reality. Several design alternatives are proposed, compared, and ex- VR has made good progress in the past few years, and entirely perimentally validated as prototypes. Using only thin, flat films as optical self-contained head-worn systems are now commercially available. components, we demonstrate VR displays with thicknesses of less than 9 However, current headsets still have box-like form factors and pro- mm, fields of view of over 90◦ horizontally, and form factors approach- ing sunglasses. In a benchtop form factor, we also demonstrate a full color vide only a fraction of the resolution of the human eye. Emerging display using wavelength-multiplexed holographic lenses that uses laser optical design techniques, such as polarization-based optical folding, illumination to provide a large gamut and highly saturated color. -
User Manual 1.8 MB
USER MANUAL Gaming Monitor C49HG90DM* The color and the appearance may differ depending on the product, and the specifications are subject to change without prior notice to improve the performance. The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice to improve quality. © Samsung Electronics Samsung Electronics owns the copyright for this manual. Use or reproduction of this manual in parts or entirety without the authorization of Samsung Electronics is prohibited. Trademarks other than that of Samsung Electronics are owned by their respective owners. • An administration fee may be charged if either ‒ (a) an engineer is called out at your request and there is no defect in the product (i.e. where you have failed to read this user manual). ‒ (b) you bring the unit to a repair center and there is no defect in the product (i.e. where you have failed to read this user manual). • The amount of such administration charge will be advised to you before any work or home visit is carried out. Table of contents Before Using the Product Connecting and Using a Source Device Game Securing the Installation Space 4 Pre-connection Checkpoints 21 Picture Mode 27 Precautions for storage 4 Connecting and Using a PC 21 Refresh Rate 28 Safety Precautions 4 Connection Using the HDMI Cable 21 Black Equalizer 28 Symbols 4 Connection Using the DP Cable 21 Cleaning 5 Connection Using the MINI DP Cable 22 Response Time 28 Electricity and Safety 5 Connecting to Headphones 22 Installation 6 Connecting to Microphone 22 FreeSync 29 Operation 7 Connection Using -
Wo 2009/026223 A2
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (43) International Publication Date (10) International Publication Number 26 February 2009 (26.02.2009) PCT WO 2009/026223 A2 (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every B60R 1/12 (2006.01) H04N 7/18 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, B60R 1/00 (2006.01) AO, AT,AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, (21) International Application Number: EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, PCT/US2008/073474 IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, (22) International Filing Date: 18 August 2008 (18.08.2008) LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, PT, (25) Filing Language: English RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TJ, (26) Publication Language: English TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW (30) Priority Data: 60/956,263 16 August 2007 (16.08.2007) US (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): GENTEX GM, KE, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, CORPORATION [US/US]; 600 North Centennial Street, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), Zeeland, MI 49464 (US). -
Ambient Contrast Ratio of Lcds and OLED Displays
Vol. 25, No. 26 | 25 Dec 2017 | OPTICS EXPRESS 33643 Ambient contrast ratio of LCDs and OLED displays * HAIWEI CHEN, GUANJUN TAN, AND SHIN-TSON WU College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA *[email protected] Abstract: We systematically analyze the ambient contrast ratio (ACR) of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays for smartphones, TVs, and public displays. The influencing factors such as display brightness, ambient light illuminance, and surface reflection are investigated in detail. At low ambient light conditions, high static contrast ratio plays a key role for ACR. As the ambient light increases, high brightness gradually takes over. These quantitative results set important guidelines for future display optimization. Meanwhile, to improve an OLED’s ACR at large oblique angles, we propose a new broadband and wide-view circular polarizer consisting of one linear polarizer and two biaxial films. Good performance is realized. © 2017 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement OCIS codes: (120.2040) Displays; (230.3720) Liquid-crystal devices; (160.3710) Liquid crystals. References and links 1. D. K. Yang and S. T. Wu, Fundamentals of Liquid Crystal Devices, 2nd ed. (John Wiley & Sons, 2014). 2. H. Seetzen, W. Heidrich, W. Stuerzlinger, G. Ward, L. Whitehead, M. Trentacoste, A. Ghosh, and A. Vorozcovs, “High dynamic range display systems,” ACM Trans. Graph. 23(3), 760–768 (2004). 3. Q. Hong, T. X. Wu, X. Zhu, R. Lu, and S. T. Wu, “Extraordinarily high-contrast and wide-view liquid-crystal displays,” Appl. -
Liquid-Crystal Displays: Big and Bigger Manufacturers Are Pinning Their Hopes on the Entertainment Market to Use up Increasing Production Capacity
Innovation and LCD TV' Highlight SID 2003 • SID 2003 Review • Show Overview • LCDs • Emissives • Microdisplays • Equipment and Materials • Display Semiconductors and Electronics • Business Conference • Awards Cost reduction, evolution, and innovation could all be seen at SID 2003, which bodes well for the display industry's future. 2 Editorial When Did PCs Get Boring ? Kenneth I. Werner 12 Overview: Finding a Theme Cost reduction, evolution, and innovation could all be seen at SID 2003, which bodes well for the display industry's future. Ken Werner 16 Liquid-Crystal Displays: Big and Bigger Manufacturers are pinning their hopes on the entertainment market to use up increasing production capacity. Alfred Poor 20 Emissive Displays Shine On Greg Pease for SID Light-emitting ·displays are being used in applications from head mounted viewers to stadium displays - and everywhere in between. David Lieberman 26 Microdisplays: LCoS Projects a Bright Future At SID 2003, more companies were showing real LCoS-display products, and with supporting components commercially available, more micro display-based products will reach consumers during the next year. Stephen P. Atwood Next Month in Information Display 30 Manufacturing: Equipment and Materials This year, about one-third of the SID exhibitors were equipment or Large-Area Displays materials suppliers - not counting chip suppliers. • DLP"' Rear Projection Patrick Dunn • Tiled Displays 34 Electronics Is Where You Find It • LCDTV The display-electronics environment is changing so rapidly that it is hard • LCoS Projection to recognize a single trend - except that every conceivable ecological niche is being explored for competitive advantages. Ken Werner 38 Expert Opinion: LCD-TV Technology Gary Feather 39 Expert Opinion: Predicting the Future INFORMATION DISPLAY (ISSN 0362-0972) is published eleven Yoichi Taira times a year for the Society for Information Display by Palisades Convention Management, 4 11 Lafayette Street, 2nd Floor, New 40 The First SID Business Conference York, NY 10003; Leonard H. -
Mobile Tv: a Technical and Economic Comparison Of
MOBILE TV: A TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC COMPARISON OF BROADCAST, MULTICAST AND UNICAST ALTERNATIVES AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR CABLE Michael Eagles, UPC Broadband Tim Burke, Liberty Global Inc. Abstract We provide a toolkit for the MSO to assess the technical options and the economics of each. The growth of mobile user terminals suitable for multi-media consumption, combined Mobile TV is not a "one-size-fits-all" with emerging mobile multi-media applications opportunity; the implications for cable depend on and the increasing capacities of wireless several factors including regional and regulatory technology, provide a case for understanding variations and the competitive situation. facilities-based mobile broadcast, multicast and unicast technologies as a complement to fixed In this paper, we consider the drivers for mobile line broadcast video. TV, compare the mobile TV alternatives and assess the mobile TV business model. In developing a view of mobile TV as a compliment to cable broadcast video; this paper EVALUATING THE DRIVERS FOR MOBILE considers the drivers for future facilities-based TV mobile TV technology, alternative mobile TV distribution platforms, and, compares the Technology drivers for adoption of facilities- economics for the delivery of mobile TV based mobile TV that will be considered include: services. Innovation in mobile TV user terminals - the We develop a taxonomy to compare the feature evolution and growth in mobile TV alternatives, and explore broadcast technologies user terminals, availability of chipsets and such as DVB-H, DVH-SH and MediaFLO, handsets, and compression algorithms, multicast technologies such as out-of-band and Availability of spectrum - the state of mobile in-band MBMS, and unicast or streaming broadcast standardization, licensing and platforms. -
Interchangeable-Lens Digital Camera
Interchangeable-lens digital camera ©Sony Corporation July 2020 Imagination in Motion The process of turning ideas into images that others can experience is the essence of visual content creation. Sony’s goal is to give creators the tools they need to achieve their goals as efficiently and as intuitively as possible, and with the highest possible quality. The incredible α7S III is an outstanding example. It refines legendary S-series sensitivity and dynamic range to unprecedented levels, while boosting speed and processing power for supreme expression and workflow efficiency. And all of this is achieved while maintaining the compact portability that is a cornerstone of the α series. The images, whether movies or stills, are simply stunning, with all the depth and nuance required to deliver creative ideas with maximum impact. Bring your imagination to life with the α7S III. * ** *1 *2 *3 *3 4K Optical 0.64 / 9.44 Dual Slot ISO Real-time Real-time 4:2:2 MPEG-H 16bit RAW Million Type CFexpress Type A 40-409600 759 120p/100p HDMI Output SteadyShot dots 12.1 Eye AF Tracking 10 bit HEVC/H.265 SDXC UHS-II (NTSC / PAL) (Active Mode) EVF * No. 1 image sensor manufacturer for digital cameras and video recorders. Based on Sony research – April 2019 to March 2020 (Over 50% market share). *1 Standard ISO sensitivity 80-102400. Expandable to 40-409600 for stills, and 80-409600 for movies. *2 QFHD (3840 x 2160 pixels) *3 For movies ** No.1 electronic viewfinder (EVF) device manufacturer for digital still cameras which employ EVF. -
Factors to Consider in Improving the Flat Panel TV Display User's
Universidad CEU San Pablo CEINDO – CEU Escuela Internacional de Doctorado PROGRAMA en COMUNICACIÓN SOCIAL Factors to consider in improving the flat panel TV display user’s experience on image quality terms TESIS DOCTORAL Presentada por: Dª Berta García Castiella Dirigida por: Dr. Luis Núñez Ladeveze and Dr. Damián Ruiz Coll MADRID 2020 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A Damián, por creer en mi proyecto y en su proyección. A Luis, por permitirme comenzar y ayudarme pese a las dificultades. A Lucas, por cada detalle, por cada apoyo, esta tesis es de ambos. A Natalia, por ayudarme sin cuestionarme. A Gonzalo, por poner orden en el caos. A mi madre, por darme todos los ánimos. A Teresa, por darme su tiempo, a pesar de no tener. A Roger, por sus palabras, que han sido muchas. A Belén y a Fredi, por cuidar a mi hijo con todo su cariño mientras yo investigaba. A mis amigos y familiares por estar ahí, a veces es lo que más se necesita. Y, por último, quería pedir disculpas. A mi hijo Max. Porque cada página de esta tesis son horas que no he estado a tu lado cuando tú me necesitabas, perdón de corazón. ABSTRACT In the constantly changing world of image technology, many new tools have emerged since flat panels appeared in the market in 1997. All those tools went straight to the TV sets without any verification from the filmmaking or advertising industry of their contribution to the improvement of the image quality. Adding to this situation the fact that each tool received a different name according to the manufacturer, this new outlook has become complex and worrisome to those industries that see their final products modified and have no option of action. -
Copyrighted Material
1 Introduction 1.1 Flat panel displays A display is an interface containing information which stimulates human vision. Information may be pictures, animation, movies and articles. One can say that the functions of a display are to produce or reproduce colors and images. Using ink to write, draw or print on paper is a traditional display, like a painting or a book. However, the content of such a traditional display is motionless and typically inerasable. In addition, a light source, synthetic or natural, is needed for reading a book or seeing a picture. There are lots of electronic displays that use an electronic signal to create images on a panel and stimulate the human eye. Typically, they can be classified as emissive and nonemissive. Emissive displays emit light from each pixel which constitutes an image on the panel. In contrast, nonemissive displays modulate light, by means of absorption, reflection, refraction and scattering, to display colors and images. For a nonemissive display, a light source is needed. Hence, these can be classified into transmissive and reflective displays. One of the most successful display technologies for home entertainment is the cathode ray tube (CRT), which is in widespread use in televisions (TVs). CRT is already a mature technology which has the advantages of self-emission, wide viewing angle, fast response, good color saturation, long lifetime and good image quality. However, a major disadvantage is its bulky size. The depth of a CRT is roughly equal to the length and width of the panel. For example, a monitor’s depth is about 40 cm for a 19-inch (38.6 cm × 30.0 cm) CRT with an aspect ratio of 4:3. -
Advanced Liquid Crystal Displays with Supreme Image Qualities
ADVANCED LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAYS WITH SUPREME IMAGE QUALITIES by HAIWEI CHEN B.S. Beihang University, 2013 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Optics and Photonics at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Fall Term 2017 Major Professor: Shin-Tson Wu ©2017 Haiwei Chen ii ABSTRACT Several metrics are commonly used to evaluate the performance of display devices. In this dissertation, we analyze three key parameters: fast response time, wide color gamut, and high contrast ratio, which affect the final perceived image quality. Firstly, we investigate how response time affects the motion blur, and then discover the 2-ms rule. With advanced low-viscosity materials, new operation modes, and backlight modulation technique, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) with an unnoticeable image blur can be realized. Its performance is comparable to an impulse-type display, like cathode ray tube (CRT). Next, we propose two novel backlight configurations to improve an LCD’s color gamut. One is to use a functional reflective polarizer (FRP), acting as a notch filter to block the unwanted light, and the other is to combine FRP with a patterned half-wave plate to suppress the crosstalk between blue and green/red lights. In experiment, we achieved 97.3% Rec. 2020 in CIE 1976 color space, which is approaching the color gamut of a laser projector. Finally, to enhance an LCD’s contrast ratio, we proposed a novel device configuration by adding an in-cell polarizer between LC layer and color filter array. The CR for a vertically-aligned LCD is improved from 5000:1 to 20,000:1, and the CR for a fringe field switching LCD is improved from 2000:1 to over 3000:1.