Baltic Sea Clean Shipping

Guide 2017 Information for mariners on environmental and safety of navigation measures in the Baltic Sea BALTIC SEA CLEAN SHIPPING GUIDE 2017 CONTENTS I: Introduction 3 Baltic Sea 3 The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 A special sea calls Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 for special caution Oil and petroleum products 5 Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 Sewage 6 Particular environmental caution should be taken when sailing in the Baltic Sea, a special Garbage 7 area in terms of environmental regulation of shipping. Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 Incineration 8 Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 This information publication aims to give you a general overview of the regional environ- Dumping 9 mental and safety of navigation measures applied in the Baltic Sea to maritime traffic. The III. General information on delivery of wastes focus is on commercial shipping which have to comply with IMO rules but some of the ma- to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 terial might also be relevant for smaller vessels (fishing vessels, working vessels and pleasure IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels craft). Even if specific coastal countries or ports may have deviating practices the content (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 should represent the regional best practice. V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 For detailed and authoritative information on requirements please consult the original doc- Deep-water routes 11 uments published by IMO, HELCOM or other referred organization. Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 The information included reflects the situation in October 2017, please check the HELCOM Pilotage 13 website if a newer version of this publication is available: helcom.fi. VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 Sail clean and safe on the Baltic! VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 General guidance 17 Under Keel Clearance factors 17 Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect ofsquat 19 Effect of heel during course alterations 20 Published by: HELCOM, Katajanokanlaituri 6 B, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland. UKC information and pilotage 20 Editor: Hermanni Backer Design and Layout: Yksinolla Branding IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 Image credits: HELCOM PPlease note that this publication is the 2017 edition of the “Clean Seas Guide” published by HELCOM in 1986, X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of and revised in 1999, 2004, 2009 and 2012 and as “Baltic Sea Clean Shipping Guide” in 2016. anti-pollution regulations 22 An electronic version is freely available from the HELCOM website: helcom.fi. CONTENTS I: Introduction Headlines are links to pages in question. Baltic Sea traffic density Baltic Sea Year 2014. All IMO ship types

Tornio For the purposes of this publication the Baltic Sea is defined as the sea I: Introduction 3 Kalix ! Kemi Number of ships ! ! Baltic Sea 3 Luleå Russia 1 800 1700 2300 19000 ! Martinniemi and its entrance separated by the North Sea by the latitude 57°44.43’N !

The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 Haraholmen ! Oulu ! between Skagen in Denmark (approximately Grenen point) and NW Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 Rönnskär ! Raahe Exclusive Economic Zone ! Gothenburg in Sweden (approximately St. Oset lighthouse).

II: Environmental regulation of shipping Territorial waters ! Rahja Sikeå in the Baltic Sea 5 !

! Kokkola

Oil and petroleum products 5 Umeå ! Pietarsaari ! Main parts include the entrance area between Denmark and Swe- Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 den, the main central basin Baltic Sea Proper, to the east Gulf of ! Vaasa Sewage 6 Örnsköldsvik ! Finland Garbage 7 Riga and Gulf of Finland as well as Gulf of Bothnia north of Åland. Kaskinen ! Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 ! Kristinestad Sundsvall ! Incineration 8 Sweden Seabed and coastline is mostly rocky in the north, with a labyrinth ! Mäntyluoto Vyborg Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 ! ! Vysotsk of skerries and islands, while south and southeast are dominated ! ! Primorsk Dumping 9 Rauma Kotka ! Söderhamn ! Isnäs St Petersburg! ! Sköldvik Norrsundet ! ! by sand and gravel with open sandy shores. The entire sea is very III. General information on delivery of wastes Turku Helsinki ! !

Gefle ! ! to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 Inkoo ! Ust–Luga Öregrund ! shallow with an average depth of around 50 meters. ! ! Mariehamn Hanko ! ! ! Kunda Sillamäe IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels ! Tallinn

(fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 ! Dirhami During winter on average half of the sea area is covered with ice. Stockholm ! Estonia

V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 Södertälje ! Pärnu ! Largest ice extent is observed during February­—March. Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Norrköping Deep-water routes 11 !

! Salacgriva Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 Skulte There are practically no tides in the Baltic Sea. The exception is the !

Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 ! Ventspils

Skagen! ! Gothenburg ! Riga Kattegat area, where average tide amplitude is in the order of 10- Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Latvia Byxelkrok! Pilotage 13 30 cm on the Danish coast and 4cm on the Swedish coast, with ! Varberg

! Liepāja Halmstad higher amplitudes observed during spring tides. However, the sea VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 ! Denmark

Elleholm ! Klaipėda level may vary significantly during periods with strong winds. ! VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 Aarhus ! Lithuania Vejle ! VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance Kolding Copenhagen ! Ystad in the Baltic Sea 17 ! ! With a total area of about 370,000 km², approximately the same Kaliningrad ! General guidance 17 Gdynia ! size as Japan, the Baltic Sea is world’s second largest brackish (low Under Keel Clearance factors 17

! ! salinity) water basin after the Black Sea. Marine and freshwater Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Kiel ! Kołobrzeg Rostock

! Effect of squat 19 Lübeck ! Wismar life forms live side by side in a unique and sensitive environment.

! Szczecin Effect of heel during course alterations 20 UKC information and pilotage 20 Germany Poland Exchange of water between the Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea IX. Reporting obligations in case is very limited due to the narrow and shallow straits between Den- of an incident 21 0 100 200 kilometres Data source: Historic 2014 data from the HELCOM AIS, a regional mark and Sweden. Due to this any introduced pollutants will re- X. Detection and prosecution of offenders network of national AIS base stations in operation since 2005. of anti-pollution regulations 22 main in the sea for a very long time. 3 The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a CONTENTS shared responsibility Headlines are links to pages in question. In order to have a firm basis for working together for a clean- er Baltic Sea the coastal countries adopted an international legal Navigation on the Baltic Sea area has always been of great impor- I: Introduction 3 treaty, the Helsinki Convention (Convention on the Protection of tance to the people living around it. Your personal contribution in Baltic Sea 3 the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area) in 1974 (entered making shipping both cleaner and safer is of essence. The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 into force 1980). A revised Convention was signed in 1992 (en- Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 tered into force 2000) in order to extend, strengthen and modern- The responsibility for avoiding operational or accidental discharg- II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 ize the legal regime for the protection of the marine environment es of oil or other harmful substances to the Baltic Sea rests not Oil and petroleum products 5 of the Baltic Sea area. only with the master and his crew but also with the charterer, the Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 ship-owner and the ports: Sewage 6 Garbage 7 The Helsinki Convention aims to prevent pollution from ships (in- • The master and his crew should be aware of the regulations in Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 cluding dumping), pollution from land-based sources, and pollu- force, fully proficient in carrying out the correct procedures and Incineration 8 tion resulting from the exploration and exploitation of the seabed Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 should apply them carefully and consciously. and its subsoil. The Convention also regulates the co-operation to Dumping 9 • The charterer should include in the Charter Party a clause stating respond to marine pollution by oil and other harmful substances. III. General information on delivery of wastes his policy on pollution prevention compliance. The ship-owner to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 Current signatories are Denmark, Estonia, European Union, Fin- IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels land, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russian Federation and should ensure sound management in safety and pollution pre- (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 Sweden. vention, as required by the International Safety Management V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 Code for certain categories of ships. Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 The Convention also established an international organization, • Ports should be adequately prepared to accept ship-generated Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 the Helsinki Commission or HELCOM, to oversee that the Con- wastes. Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 vention is put into practice. The Commission issues instruments Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Coastal countries of the Baltic Sea Pilotage 13 called Recommendations which, together with the Helsinki Con- EU member states VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 vention, form the main regional corpus of marine environmental protection in the Baltic Sea. VII. Safety of winter navigation 15

VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance Denmark Estonia Finland in the Baltic Sea 17 In the field of shipping the nine coastal member countries work General guidance 17 within HELCOM Maritime Working Group to ensure efficient and Under Keel Clearance factors 17 harmonized regional implementation of IMO regulations such as Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 MARPOL and the Ballast Water Management Convention, but Germany Latvia Lithuania Effect of heel during course alterations 20 also to develop new regional initiatives around emerging topics. UKC information and pilotage 20 IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 More information on HELCOM, the Helsinki Convention text and HELCOM Recommendations can be found in the internet, see: X. Detection and prosecution of offenders Poland Sweden Russian Federation of anti-pollution regulations 22 http://helcom.fi. 4 II: Environmental regulation Oil means petroleum in any form including crude oil, fuel oil, CONTENTS of shipping in the Baltic Sea sludge, oil refuse and refined products. The prohibition applies Headlines are links to pages in question. not only to discharges from the cargo tanks of oil tankers but The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships equally to discharges from the machinery spaces of any ship. I: Introduction 3 (MARPOL) is the main global instrument on environment and shipping Baltic Sea 3 and is the central source of environmental shipping law also in the Bal- The Baltic Sea was designated as a MARPOL Annex I special area The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 tic Sea. The Baltic Sea has been designated as a special area for the pur- in 1973 (in effect from 2 October 1983). Based on this a discharge Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 poses of MARPOL Annex I (oil), Annex IV (sewage), Annex V (garbage) can be permitted only if the oil content in the effluent does not II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 and Annex VI (Prevention of air pollution by ships). The Baltic Sea has exceed 15 parts per million (ppm). Oil and petroleum products 5 also been designated by IMO as a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA). Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 For ships of 400 tons gross tonnage and above the oil filtering Sewage 6 Garbage 7 To protect the marine environment of the Baltic Sea area from pol- equipment must be provided with arrangements that ensure that Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 lution, every ship entering the area is urged also to comply with any discharge of oil or oily mixtures is automatically stopped when Incineration 8 the anti-pollution regulations of the 1992 Helsinki Convention. the oil content in the effluent exceeds 15 parts per million. Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 This applies to all ships, irrespective of whether or not they are III. General information on delivery of wastes flying the flag of a Contracting Party to the Helsinki Convention. Based on the Helsinki Convention and HELCOM Recommenda- to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 tion 19/10 these MARPOL Annex I special area requirements for IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels Special requirements of the Helsinki Convention exceeding oil separator arrangements apply also to ships of less than 400 (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 MARPOL requirements include mandatory delivery of ship-gen- tons gross tonnage, flying the flag of a Baltic Sea State. V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 erated wastes, the prohibition of incineration of ship-generated Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 wastes in the territorial seas of the Baltic Sea States and incinera- The permitted concentration 15 ppm is so low that it is not possi- Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 tion of other wastes (not incidental to or derived from the normal ble to see it with bare eyes. Thus, a non-accidental visible slick im- Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 operation of ships) in the entire Baltic Sea area. plies an illegal spill in the Baltic Sea. Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 Also other international conventions regulate environmental is- In addition, Finland has prohibited the use of bilge water separa- sues around shipping, including for example the 2004 IMO Ballast tors in her inland waterways and in the territorial waters, within VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 Water Management Convention, which has entered into force 8 the area 4 nautical miles from the nearest land. VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 September 2017 but has already in advance triggered regional General guidance 17 recommendations on ballast water exchange and a joint harmo- Denmark has a total ban on the discharge of oil in territorial waters. Under Keel Clearance factors 17 nized procedure for granting exemptions. Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 Port reception Effect of heel during course alterations 20 Oil and petroleum products Oil loading terminals and repair ports are provided with recep- UKC information and pilotage 20 tion facilities to receive and treat all the dirty ballast and tank IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 Subject to the provisions below any discharge of oil or oily mix- washing water from oil tankers. Additionally, all ports are pro- tures into the Baltic Sea area is prohibited based on MARPOL and vided with reception facilities for other residues and oily mixtures X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22 its Annex I as well as the Helsinki Convention Annex IV. from all ships. 5 The consignor in the loading port is responsible for reception ar- concentration of the substance in the effluent to the facility must CONTENTS rangements for cargo-related wastes covered by MARPOL Annex be at or below 0.1% by weight and after this the tank must be Headlines are links to pages in question. I (oil residues from cargo tanks). fully emptied to the facility.

I: Introduction 3 As a general rule a “no-special-fee” system is applied in Baltic Tanks having contained IBC Code Category Y or Z substances Baltic Sea 3 Sea ports to oily wastes from machinery spaces, in order to avoid must be pre-washed if unloading of cargo has not been carried The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 incentives for illegal disposal, see HELCOM Recommendation out in accordance with the P&A Manual and the resultant tank Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 28E/10. washings must be delivered to a reception facility before a ship II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 leaves the port of unloading. The exception is high-viscosity or Oil and petroleum products 5 Hazardous and Noxious liquid solidifying substances in IBC Code Category Y for which specific Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 pre-wash procedures (Appendix 6 of MARPOL Annex II) must be Sewage 6 substances carried in bulk Garbage 7 applied and the residue must be discharged to a reception facility Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 The Baltic Sea is not a special area under MARPOL Annex II (Nox- at the port of unloading until the tank is empty. Incineration 8 ious liquid substances in bulk) and the same MARPOL Annex II Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 rules apply as elsewhere. The eventual discharge of any residues of substances in Catego- III. General information on delivery of wastes ries X, Y or Z into the sea, remaining after the tank washing and to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 MARPOL Annex II and the IMO International Bulk Chemical (IBC) discharge specified above, must be done below the waterline IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels Code divide substances to Categories X (major hazard/very harm- while proceeding en route at a sufficient speed (7kn for self pro- (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 ful), Y (hazard/harmful), Z (minor hazard/minor harm) and OS pulsion) at minimum 12 nm distance from the nearest land and in V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 (considered not harmful, not subject to any requirements of MAR- water depth of at least 25 m. Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 POL Annex II). Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 Sewage Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 The carriage and discharge into the sea of noxious liquid sub- Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 stances which have not been categorized to these categories, The Baltic Sea has been designated by IMO as the world’s first VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 provisionally assessed or evaluated, is prohibited. This prohibition MARPOL Annex IV sewage special area for passenger ships en- applies also to non-categorized substances contained in ballast gaged in international voyages in the Baltic Sea area (400 GT and VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 water, tank washings, or other residues or mixtures. above or which are certified to carry more than 15 persons). These VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 special area regulations will be applied on or after 1 June 2021 for General guidance 17 According to MARPOL Annex II every ship certified to carry sub- existing IMO-registered passenger ships. For new passenger ships Under Keel Clearance factors 17 stances of Category X, Y or Z shall have on board a Procedures the regulations come into effect on or after 1 June 2019. For di- Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 and Arrangements (P&A) Manual approved by the Flag State ad- rect passages between St. Petersburg and the North Sea, there is Effect of heel during course alterations 20 ministration. an extension until 1 June 2023. UKC information and pilotage 20 IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 Tanks having contained IBC Code Category X substances must be Before these dates the general provisions of MARPOL Annex IV pre-washed and the resultant tank washings must be delivered to apply in the Baltic Sea, according to which the discharge of sew- X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22 a reception facility before a ship leaves the port of unloading. The age from ships is prohibited within 12 nautical miles off the near- 6 est land unless sewage has been comminuted and disinfected nautical miles from the nearest land. Food waste discharged out- CONTENTS using an approved system and the distance from the nearest land side 12 nautical miles from the nearest land must be comminut- Headlines are links to pages in question. is longer than 3 nautical miles. According to MARPOL Annex IV ed or ground. discharging from a sewage holding tank, the discharge must be I: Introduction 3 at a moderate rate and the ship must be proceeding en route at a Port reception Baltic Sea 3 minimum speed of 4 knots. Adequate port reception for garbage should be available in all The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 Baltic Sea ports. Where “no-special-fee” system is used MARPOL Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 When the special area under MARPOL Annex IV takes effect any Annex V is also included, see HELCOM Recommendation 28E/10. II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 discharge of sewage from passenger ships in the Baltic Sea will Oil and petroleum products 5 be allowed only for sewage processed through an especially ad- Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 vanced on-board sewage treatment plant which reduces also ni- Sewage 6 Garbage 7 trogen and phosphorous concentrations to specified levels. These The Baltic Sea was designated as a MARPOL Annex VI SOx Emis- Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 Annex IV special area–compliant treatment plants are approved sion Control Area (“SECA”) in 1997 (in effect from 19 May 2006) Incineration 8 by national administrations taking into account the standards and and the emission limits have been further tightened in 2008. The Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 test methods developed by IMO, see resolution MEPC.227(64). valid requirement, from January 2015, is that all ships navigat- III. General information on delivery of wastes ing in its waters use fuel oil with a sulphur content not exceeding to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 Port reception 0.10% m/m. In order to prove compliancy a bunker delivery note IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels The passenger ports around the Baltic Sea have worked hard accompanied by a representative sample of the delivered fuel oil (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 to improve their facilities during the last years and all Baltic Sea shall be kept on board the ship for port state control inspection. V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 coastal countries have informed that they consider their port re- Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 ception facilities for sewage from passenger vessels as adequate. Alternatively, the ship may use an exhaust gas cleaning system/ Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 Fixed link sewage port reception facilities with high capacity are any other technical abatement method reducing the total emis- Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 available in the main cruise ports (see e.g. HELCOM 2015 Baltic sion of sulphur oxides from ships ensuring the same level of effi- Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 Sea Sewage Port Reception Facilities -Revised Second Edition or ciency as with fuel containing 0.10% m/m of sulphur. VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 more recent revisions, www.helcom.fi) Sewage is part of the “no- special-fee” system and usually it is free to leave a certain amount New exhaust gas cleaning systems must be approved in accord- VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 of sewage to port reception facilities without any additional costs, ance with resolution MEPC.259(68), 2015 Guidelines for Exhaust VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 see HELCOM Recommendation 28E/10. Gas Cleaning Systems. General guidance 17 Under Keel Clearance factors 17 Discharge of scrubber washwaters is not allowed in German rivers Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Garbage Effect of squat 19 and ports. In most of the other countries ports can set their own Effect of heel during course alterations 20 The Baltic Sea was designated as a MARPOL Annex V special area rules but have not yet done so (by 2015). UKC information and pilotage 20 in 1973 (in effect from 1 October 1989). The discharge of any gar- IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 bage in the Baltic Sea area is consequently prohibited. However, In addition, the Baltic was designated as a NOx Emission Control food wastes resulting from normal operations of the ship is an ex- Area (“NECA”) under MARPOL Annex VI in 2017 (in effect for X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22 ception and may be discharged, but in any case not less than 12 ships built on or after 1 January 2021). Ships built after the spec- 7 ified date must meet the IMO NOx Tier III standard when sailing the coastal countries have co-operated regionally on implemen- CONTENTS in the Baltic Sea. tation, especially regarding ballast water exchange as well as ex- Headlines are links to pages in question. emptions (Reg. A-4). In accordance with general provisions of MARPOL Annex VI delib- I: Introduction 3 erate emission of ozone-depleting substances is prohibited. Ballast water exchange: within the Baltic Sea Baltic Sea 3 The IMO Ballast Water Management Convention’s Regulation B-4 The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 Port reception (scrubber residues) on water depth and distance from the shore requirements for Bal- Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 Most ports in Denmark, Finland and Sweden can receive residues last Water Exchange (BWE) cannot be met in the Baltic Sea area. II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 from exhaust gas cleaning systems. In Germany Port of Rostock Due to this and as most of the alien species in the Baltic Sea have a Oil and petroleum products 5 and in Lithuania Port of Klaipeda are able to receive such residues. wide tolerance in salinity, the coastal countries have concluded within Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 In other ports/countries reception facilities are considered and will HELCOM that BWE is not a suitable option within the Baltic Sea. Con- Sewage 6 Garbage 7 be likely provided in the near future. sequently, no BWE areas have been designated in the Baltic Sea area. Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 Incineration 8 BWE is not recommended during voyages between ports with- Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Incineration Dumping 9 in the Baltic Sea area (separated by the North Sea by the paral- III. General information on delivery of wastes Incineration means the deliberate combustion of wastes or other lel 57°44.43’N). to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 matter at sea for the purpose of their thermal destruction, exclud- IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels ing activities incidental to the normal operation of ships or other Ballast water exchange: to or from the Baltic Sea (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 man-made structures. The coastal countries of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM), the North-East At- V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 lantic (OSPAR) and the Mediterranean (Barcelona Convention) have Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 Based on MARPOL incineration, except for the incineration of ship- co-operated on a set of three joint IMO voluntary interim guide- Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 generated wastes, is prohibited throughout the Baltic Sea area. lines indicating where ballast water is to be exchanged during voy- Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 ages involving these three sea areas. The guidelines depend on the Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 In addition, incineration of wastes deriving from the normal opera- route of the ship and their content could be summarized as follows: VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 tion of the ship is prohibited in the territorial seas of the Baltic Sea States based on the Helsinki Convention (Annex IV, Regulation 7). • Vessels leaving the Baltic and transiting through the North-East VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 Atlantic area to other destinations will be requested, starting VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 Using MARPOL Annex V or VI type approved incinerator for incin- from January 2010, to delay discharging their ballast water un- General guidance 17 erating ship-generated wastes outside the territorial sea waters / til the vessel is 200 nm off the coast of North West Europe in Under Keel Clearance factors 17 in the EEZ is allowed in the Baltic Sea. waters deeper than 200 m, with the aim of avoiding BWE with- Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 in Baltic Sea and North-East Atlantic Area (BWM.2 Cir. 22 2009, Effect of heel during course alterations 20 Ships’ ballast water and sediments applicable from January 2010). UKC information and pilotage 20 IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 The 2004 International Convention for the Control and Manage- • Vessels on long-distance routes heading to the Baltic Sea pass- ment of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM Convention) ing through the North-East Atlantic Area, or to destinations in X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22 entered into force 8 September 2017. During the last decade, North-East Atlantic Area, which are passing the West African 8 Coast or transiting the Atlantic are requested to conduct, on a The procedure is based on information on presence of alien spe- CONTENTS voluntary basis, BWE offshore (at least 200 nm from the nearest cies in the ports in question as documented by sampling with a Headlines are links to pages in question. land in water at least 200 m deep) before entering the North- common methodology. This information, combined with a list of East Atlantic Area (BWM.2 Cir. 14 2008, applicable from April target species and a joint risk assessment model, available from I: Introduction 3 2008). the above website, will provide an initial assessment to be used in Baltic Sea 3 national decision making. The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 • Vessels operating between the Mediterranean Sea and the Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 North-East Atlantic and/or the Baltic Sea should exchange all II: Environmental regulation of shipping Dumping in the Baltic Sea 5 their ballast tanks at least 200 nm from the nearest land in Oil and petroleum products 5 water at least 200 m deep, as soon as they enter or leave the Dumping means any deliberate disposal at sea of wastes or oth- Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 North-East Atlantic, depending on the direction of their route, er matter from ships, or any deliberate disposal from ships at sea. Sewage 6 Garbage 7 but outside the Mediterranean Sea (BWM.2 Cir. 39 2012, appli- Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 cable from October 2010). Dumping is prohibited throughout the Baltic Sea area based on Incineration 8 the IMO London Convention and the 1992 Helsinki Convention. Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 Please note also: III. General information on delivery of wastes The prohibition of dumping does not apply to the disposal of to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 • No recommendations on BWE exist for vessels operating be- dredged materials at sea, provided specific provisions are com- IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels tween the Baltic Sea and the North-East Atlantic. plied with. In 2015 HELCOM adopted revised Guidelines for Man- (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 agement of Dredged Material at Sea for this purpose. V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 • BWE areas exist for voyages within the North-East Atlantic area Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 (see www.ospar.org). Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 Exemptions from ballast water treatment (Regulation A-4) III. General information on Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 On certain low risk routes the BWM Convention Regulation delivery of wastes to port A-4 enables a Party to grant exemptions to any requirements VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 reception facilities in the to apply ballast water management for ships (Regulation B-3), VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 or additional measures (Regulation C-1). In 2013 the coastal Baltic Sea VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 states of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM) and the North-East Atlantic Based on the 1992 Helsinki Convention and MARPOL, all ships, General guidance 17 (OSPAR) agreed on a joint harmonized procedure (JHP) on A-4 with some exceptions, are under a general obligation to deliver Under Keel Clearance factors 17 exemptions, a joint interpretation of how and by which gen- to the reception facility of a port of call all ship-generated wastes Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 eral criteria such exemption applications should be granted. and cargo residues generated since the port of departure that Effect of heel during course alterations 20 See http://jointbwmexemptions.org for more information. cannot be legally discharged in the sea under MARPOL or the Hel- UKC information and pilotage 20 sinki Convention. IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 A transitional period for these regional A-4 procedures has been granted until the D-2 ballast water performance standard applies Information on reception facilities in ports of the Baltic Sea States X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22 in full. can be found in the IMO Global Integrated Shipping Information 9 System (GISIS) on http://gisis.imo.org/Public/. Detailed waste IV. Environmental regula- CONTENTS discharge procedures and arrangements for specific ports are de- tions and small vessels Headlines are links to pages in question. scribed in waste management plans elaborated by the ports. (fishing, working and leisure vessels) I: Introduction 3 To ensure the use and efficiency of the port reception facilities, Baltic Sea 3 an information sheet must be forwarded to the next port of call Even if the international regime described in the previous chap- The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 24 hours in advance of the intended use of a port reception facil- ters is focused on certain larger vessels as defined by IMO, all the Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 ity or, if the voyage takes less than 24 hours, on departure from discharge regulations described above apply equally to small ves- II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 the previous port. sels, including fishing vessels, working vessels and pleasure craft Oil and petroleum products 5 based on the Helsinki Convention 1992 (entered into force 17 Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 If the ship’s next port of call is determined less than 24 hours be- January 2000). Sewage 6 Garbage 7 fore arrival thereto, the notification shall be submitted immedi- Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 ately upon determination of the next port of call. The sheet must Sewage Incineration 8 include the following information: the capacity of the waste stor- As an example, small vessels built on or after 1 January 2000 and Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 age tanks/bins on board; the amounts of wastes delivered at the fitted with a toilet should as a general rule comply with the sew- III. General information on delivery of wastes last port of call; and the estimated amounts of wastes to be deliv- age discharge regulations of Annex IV to MARPOL (1992 Helsin- to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 ered at the next port of call. ki Convention Annex IV, Regulation 5) and be able to connect to IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels sewage reception facility pipes (Guidelines available in HELCOM (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 As a general rule a “no-special-fee” system is applied in Baltic Sea Rec 22/1). V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 ports to oily wastes from machinery spaces, sewage and garbage Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 as well as litter caught in fishing nets in order to avoid incentives Small vessels built before 1 January 2000 can be exempted by the Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 for illegal disposal (HELCOM Rec. 28E/10). According to the “no- Baltic Sea countries from this obligation if the installation of toilet Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 special-fee” system, a fee covering the cost of reception, handling retention systems in these ships is technically difficult or the cost Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 and final disposal of ship-generated wastes is levied on the ship of installation is high compared to the value of the ship. Current- VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 irrespective of whether or not ship-generated wastes are actually ly Finland and Sweden have national regulations in place on sew- delivered. The fee is included in the harbour fee or otherwise au- age discharge from small vessels under their flag. VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 tomatically charged from the ship. VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 Garbage General guidance 17 However, please note that many coastal countries and ports have Small ships flying the flag of a Baltic Sea State should also have Under Keel Clearance factors 17 their own interpretations what the “no-special-fee” means or onboard garbage retention appliances suitable for collection and Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 covers in practice. Additionally, in many Baltic Sea ports econom- separation of garbage. Effect of heel during course alterations 20 ic incentives have been introduced to encourage environmentally UKC information and pilotage 20 friendly shipping, such as a system of environmentally differenti- IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 ated fairway dues. X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22

10 V. Routeing measures Reporting system & Notes IMO Circular Established / CONTENTS and pilotage reference Revised meeting Headlines are links to pages in question. On the approaches to the Pol- MSC.249(83) 2007 MSC 83 2007 In addition to the pollution prevention measures referred to ish ports in the Gulf of Gdansk (GDANREP) I: Introduction 3 above, the Baltic Sea States have agreed on a number of safe- Applying to passenger ships certified to Baltic Sea 3 ty measures in the Baltic Sea area, including ship routeing sys- carry more than 12 passengers, ships The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 tems such as Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) and deep-water with a gross tonnage equal to or ex- Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 ceeding 150 gross tonnage and all ves- routes, mandatory Ship Reporting Systems (SRS), pilotage require- II: Environmental regulation of shipping sels engaged in towing. ments and measures related to safety of winter navigation such in the Baltic Sea 5 In the Sound between Denmark MSC.314(88) 2010 MSC 88 2010 Oil and petroleum products 5 as icebreaker services. Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) provides servic- and Sweden (SOUNDREP) Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 es to mariners and follow the implementation of such measures Applying to ships of 300 GT and up- Sewage 6 wards Garbage 7 all over the Baltic Sea. Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 In the Storebaelt (Great Belt) MSC.63(67) 1996 MSC 67 1996 Incineration 8 This chapter provides a list of routeing measures and related rec- Traffic area (BELTREP) A.978(24) 2005 A.978(24) 2005 Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Applying to ships of 50 GT and up- MSC.230(82) 2006 MSC 82 2006 Dumping 9 ommendations. For detailed information please consult up-to- wards, and all ships with an air draught MSC.332(90) 2012 MSC 90 2012 III. General information on delivery of wastes date charts and sailing directions. A Baltic wide chart “Mariners’ of 15 metres or more to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 Routeing Guide for the Baltic Sea” has been prepared within the Mandatory ship reporting systems have also been established nationally by the IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels region and is available from the German authorities (BSH) as chart Baltic Sea States in approaches to oil terminals. (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 2911 as a single source of IMO routeing measures for ships sailing V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 in the Baltic Sea (last update 2011). For more details see http:// Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes Deep-water routes 11 www.bsh.de/en/Products/Charts/Routeing_Guides/index. Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 jsp. Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 A set of deep-water routes provide passages to/ from and with- Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 Mandatory ship reporting systems in the Baltic Sea. As an example for vessels sailing in via the Sk- VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 agerrak, a transit route (Route - T) through the Kattegat, the Four mandatory Ship Reporting Systems (SRS) adopted by the Great Belt and the Western Baltic has been established for deep VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 IMO are in force in the Baltic Sea area, requiring a ship to submit draught ships passing through the shallow entrances to the Baltic VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 a report to the Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) Centre operating the Sea. When passing through the entrances to the Baltic Sea, ships General guidance 17 SRS (participation is free of charge. ): should note that the maximum obtainable depth in most parts Under Keel Clearance factors 17 of Route - T is 17 metres. However, in some areas the maximum Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 Reporting system & Notes IMO Circular Established / obtainable depth is to some extent permanently reduced due to reference Revised meeting Effect of heel during course alterations 20 sand migration. UKC information and pilotage 20 In the Gulf of Finland (GOFREP) MSC.139(76) 2002 MSC 76 2002 IX. Reporting obligations in case Applying to ships of 300 GT and up- MSC.231(82) 2006 MSC 82 2006 of an incident 21 wards Such IMO adopted deep-water (DW) routes have been estab- lished in six areas of the Baltic Sea: X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22

11 DW Route & Notes IMO circular Established / Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) CONTENTS reference Revised meeting Headlines are links to pages in question. Recommendation on navigation A.339(IX) 1975 A.339(IX) 1975 Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) adopted by the IMO are estab- through the entrances to the A.427(XI) 1979 A.427(XI) 1979 Baltic Sea A.579(14) 1985 A.579(14) 1985 lished in the following parts of the Baltic Sea area by 2015. These I: Introduction 3 See Route - T above A.620(15) 1987 A.620(15) 1987 can consist of several elements. Baltic Sea 3 MSC.138(76) 2002 MSC 76 2002 The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 SN.1/Circ.263 2007 MSC 83 2007 TSS Name IMO circular Established / Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 Deep-water route between Hat- A.338(IX) 1975 A.338(IX) 1975 reference Revised meeting II: Environmental regulation of shipping ter Rev and Hatter Barn A.527(13) 1983 A.527(13) 1983 At Hatter Barn Colreg.2/Circ.20 1983 MSC 48 1983 in the Baltic Sea 5 For ships with a draught exceeding 13 Colreg.2/Circ.60 2008 MSC 85 2008 Oil and petroleum products 5 metres. The minimum depth of water Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 below mean sea level is 19 metres. Between Korsoer and A.338(IX) 1975 A.338(IX) 1975 Sewage 6 Sprogoe Colreg.2/Circ.38 1992 MSC 60 1992 Garbage 7 Deep-water route off the east A.338(IX) 1975 A.338(IX) 1975 Colreg.2/Circ.54 2004 MSC 78 2004 Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 coast of Langeland A.475(XII) 1981 A.475(XII) 1981 Incineration 8 For ships with a draught exceeding 10 SN.1/Circ.309 Corr.1 MSC 90 2012 South of Gedser A.338(IX) 1975 A.338(IX) 1975 Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 metres. The minimum depth of water 2012 MSC 90 2012 Colreg.2/Circ.56 2005 A.977(24) 2005 Dumping 9 below mean sea level is 19 metres. SN.1/Circ.309 2012 In the Sound A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 III. General information on delivery of wastes Deep-water route north-east of A.338(IX) 1975 A.338(IX) 1975 A.338(IX) 1975 A.338(IX) 1975 to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 Gedser Colreg.2/Circ.51 2002 MSC 75 2002 Colreg.2/Circ.37 1991 Colreg.2/Circ.37 1991 IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels For deep draught ships. The minimum SN.1/Circ.263 2007 MSC 83 2007 Colreg.2/Circ.59 2007 Colreg.2/Circ.59 2007 (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 depth of water below mean sea level is Off Falsterborev A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 16.5 metres. “Kadetrenden” A.374(X) 1977 A.374(X) 1977 Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water route off Gotland SN.1/Circ.250 2005 A.977(24) 2005 Colreg.2/Circ.37 1991 MSC 59 1991 Deep-water routes 11 Island Off Kiel Lighthouse A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 For all ships passing east and south of Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 the island of Gotland bound to or from North of Rügen Colreg.2/Circ.56 2005 A.977(24) 2005 Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 the northeastern part of the Baltic, Adlergrund Colreg.2/Circ.61 2010 MSC 87 2010 Pilotage 13 with a draught exceeding 12 metres. VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 In Bornholmsgat A.977(24) 2005 A.977(24) 2005 Deep-water routes leading to SN.1/Circ.272 2008 MSC 85 2008 Colreg.2/Circ.56 2005 A.977(24) 2005 VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 the Åland Sea Colreg.2/Circ.[tbc.] 2016 MSC.96 2016 VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance Deep-water routes inside the borders (circular number not issued by in the Baltic Sea 17 of the “In Åland Sea” traffic separation printing of this publication) General guidance 17 schemes (south and north) Under Keel Clearance factors 17 The minimum depth of water below Off Öland island A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 mean sea level is 17.9 metres. Colreg.2/Circ.37 1991 MSC 59 1991 Effect of squat 19 Slupska Bank Colreg.2/Circ.61 2010 MSC 87 2010 Effect of heel during course alterations 20 Please note that the following DW route was revoked in 2013: “Inside the borders of the TSS from Gogland Island to Rodsher Island” intended for the passage of ships with UKC information and pilotage 20 On the approaches to the Colreg.2/Circ.59 2007 MSC 83 2007 a draught up to 15 metres, including laden tankers sailing from Primorsk (Colreg.2/ Polish ports in the Gulf of IX. Reporting obligations in case Circ.51 2002, MSC 75 2002, SN.1/Circ.317 Corr.1 2013) as it was replaced with “Rec- Gdansk of an incident 21 ommended tracks between the trafffic separation schemes Off Rodsher Island and Off X. Detection and prosecution of offenders Gogland Island” (SN.1/Circ.317 Corr.1 2013) included in the table “Other routeing of anti-pollution regulations 22 measures and recommendations on navigation” below.

12 TSS Name IMO circular Established / Other routeing measures and CONTENTS reference Revised meeting recommendations on navigation Headlines are links to pages in question. North Hoburgs bank A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 (formerly “Off Gotland Colreg.2/Circ.37 1991 MSC 59 1991 Name IMO circular Established / Island”) Colreg.2/Circ.56 2005 A.977(24) 2005 reference Revised meeting I: Introduction 3 South Hoburgs bank Colreg.2/Circ.61 2010 MSC 87 2010 Two-way route “Salvorev”, SN.1/Circ.286 2010 MSC 87 2010 Baltic Sea 3 north of Gotland Island The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 West Klintehamn Colreg.2/Circ.61 2010 MSC 87 2010 Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 Recommendations on naviga- SN/Circ.224 2003 MSC 76 2002 Midsjöbankarna Colreg.2/Circ.61 2010 MSC 87 2010 tion through the Gulf of Finland II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 Off Kopu peninsula A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 Traffic area Oil and petroleum products 5 (Hiiumaa island) Recommended directions of the Colreg.2/Circ.61 MSC 87 2010 Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 Off Hankoniemi Peninsula A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 traffic flow in the precautionery 2010 Sewage 6 Colreg.2/Circ.38 1992 MSC 60 1992 area of the separation scheme Garbage 7 Colreg.2/Circ.52 2003 MSC 76 2002 “Off Porkkala lighthouse” Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 Colreg.2/Circ.61 2010 MSC 87 2010 Incineration 8 Recommended tracks in the ap- Colreg.2/Circ.59 MSC 83 2007 Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Off Rodsher island A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 proaches to the Polish ports in 2007 Dumping 9 Colreg.2/Circ.51 2002 MSC 75 2002 the Gulf of Gdansk III. General information on delivery of wastes Colreg.2/Circ.64 2012 MSC 91 2012 Recommendations on naviga- SN.1/Circ.263 2007 MSC 83 2007 to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 Off Kallbådagrund Lighthouse A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 tion to the Polish ports through IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels Colreg.2/Circ.38 1992 MSC 60 1992 the Gulf of Gdansk Traffic area (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 Colreg.2/Circ.61 2010 MSC 87 2010 Recommended tracks between SN.1/Circ.317 Corr.1 - V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 Off Porkkala Lighthouse A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 the trafffic separation schemes 2013 Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Colreg.2/Circ.38 1992 MSC 60 1992 Off Rodsher Island and Off Gog- Deep-water routes 11 Colreg.2/Circ.52 2003 MSC 76 2002 land Island Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 Colreg.2/Circ.57 2006 MSC 81 2006 Recommended two-way route SN.1/Circ.309 Corr.1 MSC 85 2008 Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 Colreg.2/Circ.61 2010 MSC 87 2010 Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 leading to the Åland Sea 2012 Pilotage 13 Off Hogland (Gogland) island A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 SN.1/Circ.309 2012 Colreg.2/Circ.51 2002 MSC 75 2002 VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 SN.1/Circ.317 2012 MSC 91 2012 VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) Off Sommers Island A.284(VIII) 1973 A.284(VIII) 1973 VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance Colreg.2/Circ.51 2002 MSC 75 2002 in the Baltic Sea 17 Two IMO areas to be avoided exist in the Baltic for vessels of 500 General guidance 17 In Åland Sea Colreg.2/Circ.60 2008 MSC 85 2008 GT or above around two shallow banks, Norra Midsjöbanken and Under Keel Clearance factors 17 (north and south) Hoburgs bank, south of Gotland. Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 In Norra Kvarken Colreg.2/Circ.63 2012 MSC 90 2012 Effect of squat 19 Effect of heel during course alterations 20 Pilotage UKC information and pilotage 20 IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 Certified Baltic deep sea pilots are available in all Baltic Sea coast- al states and ships’ masters are recommended through IMO Res- X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22 olution A.1081(28) to use their services. 13 IMO recommends specifically the following regarding pilotage in the VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation CONTENTS entrances to the Baltic Sea according to SN.1/Circ.263, paragraph 1.9: Headlines are links to pages in question. Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS) The Sound (Öresund) International ECDIS requirements with an implementation phase I: Introduction 3 When navigating the Sound (between Denmark and Sweden) lo- from July 2012 until July 2018 are applied in the Baltic Sea. Mar- Baltic Sea 3 cal pilotage services should be used by: iners are advised to seek information on operation of ECDIS in The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 • loaded oil tankers with a draught of 7 metres or more; IMO Circular MSC.1/Circ.1503 on ECDIS Guidance for Good Prac- Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 tice. II: Environmental regulation of shipping • loaded chemical tankers and gas carriers irrespective of size; and in the Baltic Sea 5 • ships carrying a shipment of irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium Oil and petroleum products 5 Re-surveys and high-level radioactive wastes (INF-Code cargoes). Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 Intensive re-survey activities have been ongoing in the Baltic Sea Sewage 6 Garbage 7 Route - T region since the countries committed to joint re-surveys in 2001. Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 When navigating Route – T established pilotage services should Incineration 8 be used by: AIS Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 • ships with a draught of 11 metres or more; International Automatic Identification System (AIS) carriage re- III. General information on delivery of wastes • ships irrespective of size or draught carrying a shipment of irra- quirements are applied in the Baltic Sea. SOLAS Chapter V re- to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 diated nuclear fuel, plutonium and high-level radioactive wastes quires AIS to be fitted aboard all ships of 300 tons gross tonnage IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels and upwards engaged on international voyages, cargo ships of (INF-Code cargoes). (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 500 tons gross tonnage and upwards not engaged on interna- V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 tional voyages and all passenger ships irrespective of size. The re- Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 quirement became effective for all ships by 31 December 2004. Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 Ships fitted with AIS shall maintain AIS in operation at all times. Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 Please note that in the Baltic Sea region AIS could be installed VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 on some Aids to Navigation. Virtual aids to Navigation (AtoNs) could further be used by some coastal states in dynamic situa- VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 tions like when temporary dangers occur like new wrecks etc., or VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 when preferred routes are marked out electronically in heavy ice General guidance 17 conditions. Mariners could seek information of AIS AtoN symbols Under Keel Clearance factors 17 in IMO Circular SN.1/Circ.243/Rev.1. Please also note that some Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 countries like Sweden and the Russian Federation provide weath- Effect of heel during course alterations 20 er data via AIS for specific suitable devices if carried on board. UKC information and pilotage 20 IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 The Baltic Sea area is covered by a dense network of coastal AIS network of shore based antennas to receive and share the infor- X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22 mation which in normal conditions enable coverage all over the 14 region. Since 1 July 2005 the national AIS networks in the Baltic • in ice thickness in the range of 15-30 cm, and if the weather CONTENTS Sea area are linked together as HELCOM AIS, which gives to all forecast predicts continuing low temperature, a minimum ice Headlines are links to pages in question. coastal countries a real time picture of traffic situation in the en- class IC or Ice 2 or equivalent should be required for ships en- tire region. tering the ports of a Contracting Party. I: Introduction 3 Baltic Sea 3 A joint drift forecasting and backtracking system SeaTrackWeb • in ice thickness in the range of 30-50 cm, a minimum ice class The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 used by the national authorities is linked to the regional AIS net- IB or Ice 3 or equivalent should be required for ships entering Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 work and can be used to identify likely oil polluters for later port the ports of a Contracting Party. II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 state control and investigation. Oil and petroleum products 5 • if ice thickness exceeds 50 cm, a minimum ice class IA or Arc 4 Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 e-navigation services or equivalent should be required for ships entering the ports of Sewage 6 Garbage 7 The Baltic Sea region is also an active region in the rapidly emerg- a Contracting Party. Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 ing world of e-navigation services/ maritime cloud and will likely Incineration 8 be among the first regions where such services will be available. If in force, these requirements will be announced to the mari- Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 Consult national information sources for more information. ners as traffic restrictions which can be lightened and finally re- III. General information on delivery of wastes moved after the melting period of ice has started in spring and to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 the strength of the level ice fields has started to decrease. IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 VII. Safety of Information on ice conditions, traffic restrictions, ice breakers and V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 other issues relevant to mariners navigating in the Baltic Sea during Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 winter navigation Deep-water routes 11 winter time can be obtained from the website www.baltice.org. Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 During winter on average half of the Baltic Sea area is covered Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 with ice. Largest ice extent is observed during February-March. Additional information about ice conditions in the Baltic Sea Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 countries, including contact information of the national ice servic- VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 Based on HELCOM Recommendation 25/7 adequate ice strength- es can be obtained from the common website of the national ice ening is needed for ships sailing in Baltic Sea during ice season services of the Baltic Sea States www.bsis-ice.de. VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 depending on the thickness of level ice. Below restriction cate- VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 gories according to ice classes of the Finnish-Swedish Ice Class General guidance 17 Rules (Baltic Ice Classes) and Russian Maritime Register of Ship- Under Keel Clearance factors 17 ping Rules 2008 (see table of ice class comparisons): Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 Effect of heel during course alterations 20 • in ice thickness in the range of 10-15 cm, and if the weather UKC information and pilotage 20 forecast predicts continuing low temperature, a minimum ice IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 class Ice 1 or equivalent should be required for ships entering the ports of a Contracting Party. X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22

15 Approximate correspondence between Ice Classes of the Finnish-Swedish Ice Class Rules (Baltic Ice Classes) and the Ice Classes of other CONTENTS Classification Societies (HELCOM Recommendation 25/7 – Safety of winter navigation in the Baltic Sea area, as revised by 2016) Headlines are links to pages in question. Classification Society Ice Class

I: Introduction 3 Finnish-Swedish IA Super IA IB IC Category II Baltic Sea 3 Ice Class Rules The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 Russian Maritime UL L1 L2 L3 L4 Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 Register of Shipping II: Environmental regulation of shipping (Rules 1995) in the Baltic Sea 5 Oil and petroleum products 5 Russian Maritime LU5 LU4 LU3 LU2 LU1 Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 Register of Shipping Sewage 6 (Rules 1999) Garbage 7 Russian Maritime Arc 5 Arc 4 Ice 3 Ice 2 Ice 1 Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 Register of Shipping Incineration 8 (Rules 2008) Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 American Bureau of Ice Class I AA Ice Class I A Ice Class I B Ice Class I C D0 III. General information on delivery of wastes Shipping to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 Bureau Veritas ICE CLASS IA SUPER ICE CLASS IA ICE CLASS IB ICE CLASS IC ID IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 CASPPR, 1972 A B C D E V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 China Classification Ice Class B1* Ice Class B1 Ice Class B2 Ice Class B3 Ice Class B Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Society Deep-water routes 11 Det Norske Veritas ICE-1A* ICE-1A ICE-1B ICE-1C ICE-C Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 DNV GL Ice(1A*) Ice(1A) Ice(1B) Ice(1C) - Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Germanischer Lloyd E4 E3 E2 E1 E Pilotage 13 VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 IACS Polar Rules PC6 PC7 - - - VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 Korean Register of IA Super IA IB IC ID VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 Shipping General guidance 17 Lloyd’s Register of Ice Class 1AS FS (+) Ice Class 1A FS (+) Ice Class 1B FS (+) Ice Class 1C FS (+) Ice Class 1D Under Keel Clearance factors 17 Shipping Ice Class 1AS FS Ice Class 1A FS Ice Class 1B FS Ice Class 1C FS Ice Class 1E Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 Nippon Kaiji Kyokai NS* (Class IA Super Ice NS* (Class IA Ice NS* (Class IB Ice NS* (Class IC Ice NS* (Class ID Ice Effect of heel during course alterations 20 Strengthening) Strengthening) Strengthening) Strengthening) Strengthening) UKC information and pilotage 20 NS (Class IA Super Ice NS (Class IA Ice NS (Class IB Ice NS (Class IC Ice NS (Class ID Ice Strengthening) Strengthening) Strengthening) Strengthening) Strengthening) IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 Polski Rejestr Statków L1A L1 L2 L3 L4 X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22 Registro Italiano Navale ICE CLASS IA SUPER ICE CLASS IA ICE CLASS IB ICE CLASS IC ID

16 VIII. Information on Under Keel The master is responsible for estimating the minimum UKC dur- CONTENTS Clearance in the Baltic Sea ing the entire voyage from berth to berth, including those areas Headlines are links to pages in question. where the services of a pilot will be used. The shallow Baltic Sea requires also special caution when calculat- I: Introduction 3 ing ships’ Under Keel Clearance (UKC). This chapter is intended to To assist the master with this requirement the Company, as de- 1 Baltic Sea 3 provide basic information on determination of a ship’s minimum fined in the ISM Code , could provide the master with written The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 under keel clearance (UKC) to provide safe navigation through sea UKC guidance. The master and the relevant pilot should discuss Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 areas with restricted available depth of water and thus enhancing and agree the voyage plan including the anticipated UKC. II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 the safety of navigation and protection of the marine environment. Oil and petroleum products 5 Under Keel Clearance factors Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 The purpose is to provide masters, navigating officers and other Sewage 6 Garbage 7 appropriate bodies with a framework enabling them to respond Under Keel Clearance should be determined by three types of fac- Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 effectively to ensure that a ship maintains sufficient UKC and safe tors (Figure 1): Incineration 8 draught during its intended voyage. Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 • Water level factors in the Baltic Sea. These include the reference III. General information on delivery of wastes This information is primarily applicable to non-restricted waters as of water level, mainly due to meteorological effects, which can to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 well as transit routes in connection with IMO routeing measures have a positive or negative value. IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels in the Baltic Sea, but also covers other parts of the Baltic Sea and (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 coastal waters as appropriate. • Ship related factors. These include ship’s manoeuvring charac- V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 teristics, as given in the IMO Resolution A. 601(15) on Provision Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 Nothing in this chapter should limit the rights of masters to act ac- and Display of Manoeuvring Information on Board Ships. The Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 cordingly in circumstances allowing for a reduced UKC in order to effect of water density should be further considered. Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 ensure the safety of life at sea, safety of the ship, protection of the Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 environment, or any other legitimate circumstances. • Sea bottom related factors. These include allowance for sea bed VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 level uncertainties and allowance for bottom changes etc. Ex- Local requirements periences have shown that these effects could have a value of VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 It should be noted that coastal states or port authorities may es- approximately up to two metres in some areas. VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 tablish mandatory or recommended requirements for minimum General guidance 17 UKC or maximum draught. Approaches to UKC determination commonly include three main Under Keel Clearance factors 17 elements: the static draught, ship’s movement related factors and Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 General guidance a safety margin component including uncertainties. Effect of heel during course alterations 20 UKC information and pilotage 20 The following two different conditions should be considered IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 when calculating the UKC for a specific ship: 1 ISM Code, Part A, paragraph 1.1.2: Company means the owner of the ship or any other organi- • Open shallow waters zation or person such as the manager, or the bareboat charterer, who has assumed the responsibil- X. Detection and prosecution of offenders ity for operation of the ship from the owner and who, on assuming such responsibility, has agreed of anti-pollution regulations 22 • Confined shallow channels and waters to take over all duties and responsibility imposed by the Code.

17 Figure 1: Under keel clearance factors Calculations should ensure safe conduct of the ship during tran- CONTENTS sits, bearing in mind the ship’s steering ability, manoeuvring char- Headlines are links to pages in question. acteristics, speed, and any other operational constraints that may be applicable due to the ship’s UKC. Allowance for water level factors Water level factors I: Introduction 3 (Positive or negative) Reference Level Baltic Sea 3 Static draught including trim and list At least the following factors should be taken into consideration The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 when estimating a sufficient water depth: Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 Allowance for static draught uncertainties Squat including dynamic trim Gross underkeel • The ship’s draught. If the ship does not have an even-keel II: Environmental regulation of shipping Ship related factors in the Baltic Sea 5 clearance (UKC) Dynamic heel due to wind and turning draught, the draught at the bow or stern, whichever is the big- Oil and petroleum products 5 Change in water density gest, should be used. Also any possible list (the degree to which Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 Wave response allowance Sewage 6 a vessel heels to either port or starboard), and the effect of the Additional safety margin (net UKC) Garbage 7 Charted Depth ship’s stability, should be taken into consideration. Note that Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 Allowance for sea bed level uncertainties (Hydrographic information/sounding) Incineration 8 Sea bed related factors the draught can change during the voyage due to, e.g., bunker Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Allowance for sea bed changes consumption, alterations in ballast condition etc. Dumping 9 Dredging execution tolerance (if applicable) Sea Bed Level • Chart datum III. General information on delivery of wastes HELCOM 2015 to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 • Water level at the calculated time for passing the area IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels • Weather at the calculated time for passing the area (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 Calculating Under Keel Clearance in • Squat at estimated speed V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 general Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 • Characteristics of the sea bed/ other sea bed related factors Deep-water routes 11 • Prevailing current Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 This chapter provides only general information on how to esti- • Expected waves Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 mate and calculate Under Keel Clearance (UKC). To be able to de- Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 • Effect of possible icing on draught of the ship Pilotage 13 termine the ship’s specific UKC would require calculating on data • Local navigational warnings (e.g. change of water depth) VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 from the specific ship. • Water density VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 The determination of UKC should be done as part of the detailed • Ice conditions VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 voyage plan, as is described in IMO Resolution A.893(21) “Guide- • Hull form General guidance 17 lines for voyage planning”. The determination starts with a general Under Keel Clearance factors 17 overview of the intended route or track of the voyage on appropri- Water depth should be estimated as the depth as charted on the Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 ate scale charts in order to find the areas with restricted water depth. navigational chart and corrected according to a correction val- Effect of heel during course alterations 20 ue. The correction value should be determined according to the UKC information and pilotage 20 Detailed UKC calculations should be made to all areas with re- changes to the Mean Sea Level (areas with no tides). The relevant IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 stricted depth. These calculations should be made for certain data should be obtained through common channels of informa- time, according to the voyage plan. Calculations should take into tion to mariners and local warnings, i.e.: any pertinent informa- X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22 consideration the characteristics of the area. tion found in the sailing directions or local Notice to Mariners and 18 navigational and hydro-meteorological warnings and any other The ability of a ship to manoeuver at its design speed will de- CONTENTS information from shore-based official sources (sensors and aids to crease when the clearance between a channel bottom and the Headlines are links to pages in question. navigation). These sources of information are commonly available ship’s keel is reduced and may become insufficient if it is less than via internet or AIS. a certain critical value that maintains sufficient flow under and I: Introduction 3 along the ship. Baltic Sea 3 Effect of squat The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 Squat is a steady downward displacement consisting of transla- Figure 2: Squat effect II: Environmental regulation of shipping Example used in calculation tion and rotation due to the flow of water past the moving hull. Container ship in the Baltic Sea 5 Gross tonnage: 81,500 Oil and petroleum products 5 To be able to determine a ship’s squat requires calculating on ac- Dead weight: 82,400 Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 Lenght: 274 m pp tual data from the specific ship. It should be noted that there are Breadth: 44 meters Sewage 6 Cb value: 0.60 Garbage 7 different methods for calculating squat in use. See Figure 2 for 2 Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 one example of calculating the squat effect . Incineration 8 Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 Ship squat depends on ship characteristics and has a different III. General information on delivery of wastes effect in shallow as opposed to deeper areas and in open sea Static to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 as opposed to channel configurations. It is recommended that draught: 15 m. Dynamic draught 0 knots IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels information to be included in the ship’s Manoeuvring book- 15 knots: + 1.35 m. (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 let should include drawn curves for maximum squat in differ- 20 knots: + 2.40 m. V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 ent conditions. Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 HELCOM 2015 Deep-water routes 11 Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 The speed of a ship through water is of great importance when Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 evaluating the effects of squat. Squat is approximately pro- Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 portional to the square of the ship’s speed through the water, VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 hence halving the speed reduces the squat effect by a factor of four. VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 In other words, as another example, in open shallow waters, by General guidance 17 reducing the speed of a bulk carrier from 16 knots to 8 knots Under Keel Clearance factors 17 can reduce the squat effect from approximately 2 metres to Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 0.5 metres. Effect of heel during course alterations 20 UKC information and pilotage 20 When calculating the effect of squat care should be taken as re- IX. Reporting obligations in case gards the minimum manoeuvrable speed and the ship’s ability to of an incident 21 2 perform the manoeuvers intended by the pilot or master without The mathematical formula used in the rough calculation of the effect of dynamic squat presented X. Detection and prosecution of offenders in Figure 2 is (1/100) x CB x V2. As defined in the ISM Code of IMO, the Company could assist the of anti-pollution regulations 22 the assistance of tugs. master by providing a written UKC guidance which may include effect of squat. 19 Effect of heel during UKC information and pilotage CONTENTS course alterations Headlines are links to pages in question. The ship’s draught, controlling depth of the transit route, and the The effect of an increased draught caused by course alterations anticipated UKC should be part of the information exchange with I: Introduction 3 depends on the breadth and draught. The angle of heel depends the ship’s pilot. UKC calculations should be presented to the pilot Baltic Sea 3 on the stability of the ship, speed and rate of turn. along with the voyage plan. Such considerations should prefera- The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 bly be documented by available means. Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 The possible effect on draught is given in the following two exam- II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 ples: If a container carrier with a breadth of 44 metres has a heel Transits through shallow areas are to be considered in detail with Oil and petroleum products 5 of 1°, it could increase draught with approximately 0.4 metres. reference to UKC. Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 Correspondingly, if it has a heel of 3°, it could increase draught Sewage 6 Garbage 7 with approximately 1.2 metre (Figure 3). The pilot should be consulted for any additional information that Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 may affect the controlling depth of the transit route. Incineration 8 Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Figure 3: Effect of heel during course alterations Dumping 9 Example used in calculation Container ship III. General information on delivery of wastes Gross tonnage: 81,500 to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 Dead weight: 82,400 Lenght: 274 m pp IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels Breadth: 44 meters (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 Cb value: 0.60 V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 Static draught: Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Heel 0º Pilotage 13 Heel 1º: +0.38 m. Heel 3º: +1.15 m. Dynamic draught VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance HELCOM 2015 in the Baltic Sea 17 General guidance 17 Under Keel Clearance factors 17 Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 Effect of heel during course alterations 20 UKC information and pilotage 20 IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22

20 IX. Reporting obligations in ii) results in impairment of the safety of navigation; including CONTENTS case of an incident but not limited to, failure or breakdown of steering gear, Headlines are links to pages in question. propulsion plant, electrical generating system, and essen- The Baltic Sea region has high level of preparedness to polluting tial ship-borne navigational aids. I: Introduction 3 incidents as well as search and rescue (SAR). Escalation of disas- Baltic Sea 3 ters can be limited by fast communication to the nearest coast- Furthermore, the Baltic Sea States have agreed that the master or The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 al state. other person in charge of any ship shall report in case of Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 In order to facilitate countermeasures against spillages of oil or d) observations of significant spillages of oil or other harmful sub- Oil and petroleum products 5 other harmful substances, it has been agreed internationally that stances. Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 the master or other person in charge of any ship involved in an in- Sewage 6 Garbage 7 cident must report the particulars of the incident. Additionally, the Baltic Sea States have agreed that ships bound Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 for or leaving a port of a Baltic Sea State and carrying dangerous Incineration 8 Reports shall be made by the fastest telecommunication channels or polluting goods, must report on the substances to the compe- Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 available with the highest possible priority to the nearest coastal tent authority of that Baltic Sea State. III. General information on delivery of wastes State. In case of incidents involving oil, the procedures in the ship- to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 board oil pollution emergency plan shall be followed. IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 Reporting obligation may emerge in the following cases: V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 a) a discharge above the permitted level or probable discharge of Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 oil or of noxious liquid substances for whatever reason, includ- Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 ing those for the purpose of securing the safety of the ship or Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 for saving life at sea; or VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 b) a discharge or probable discharge of harmful substances in VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 packaged form, including those in freight containers, portable VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 tanks, road and rail vehicles and ship-borne barges; or General guidance 17 Under Keel Clearance factors 17 c) damage, failure or breakdown of a ship of 15 metres in length Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 or above which: Effect of heel during course alterations 20 UKC information and pilotage 20 i) affects the safety of the ship; including but not limited IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 to collision, grounding, fire, explosion, structural failure, flooding and cargo shifting; or X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22

21 X. Detection and prosecution To enhance this co-operation, the coastal states of the Baltic Sea CONTENTS of offenders of anti- have elaborated a Baltic Legal Manual, specifying evidence re- Headlines are links to pages in question. pollution regulations quirements in each Baltic Sea State, and Guidelines on ensuring successful convictions of offenders of anti-pollution regulations at I: Introduction 3 In order to ensure a level playing field for environmentally respon- sea. The public prosecutors on environmental crime of the coast- Baltic Sea 3 sible operators the Baltic Sea States place high priority on the al states have regular co-operation to exchange information and The Helsinki Convention and HELCOM 4 elimination of violations of anti-pollution regulations, and on the best practices. Clean and Safe Baltic shipping is a shared responsibility 4 conviction of any offenders. Various actions have been taken to II: Environmental regulation of shipping in the Baltic Sea 5 this end. Fines Oil and petroleum products 5 The Baltic Sea States have agreed to harmonize fines by deciding Hazardous and Noxious liquid substances carried in bulk 6 Aerial and satellite surveillance on a common minimum level for a number of environmental reg- Sewage 6 Garbage 7 In order to prevent and detect any violation of discharge regu- ulations described in this procedure. The minimum level will pre- Exhaust gases and fuel oil quality 7 lations, the Baltic Sea States conduct high intensity aerial sur- vent fines varying greatly between the Baltic Sea States, and will Incineration 8 veillance around the year in their designated response regions. also further eliminate incentives to discharge illegally to the sea, Ships’ ballast water and sediments 8 Dumping 9 Flights are also carried out during night. rather than to port reception facilities. III. General information on delivery of wastes to port reception facilities in the Baltic Sea 9 Surveillance aircraft of the coastal countries fly annually around Cargo, Oil and Garbage Record Books IV. Environmental regulations and small vessels 4000 hours above the Baltic Sea, supported by satellites via EMSA MARPOL and the Helsinki Convention lay down a duty to keep (fishing, working and leisure vessels) 10 and Russian national services which provide a 24/7 coverage and Cargo, Oil and Garbage Record Books, and specify the operations V. Routeing measures and pilotage 11 carry advanced instruments for spotting even smaller pollution requiring entries in the appropriate Record Books. Accurate and Mandatory ship reporting systems 11 Deep-water routes 11 on the sea surface. Coastal state patrol vessels are ready to take timely entries in Cargo, Oil and Garbage Record Books are of ut- Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 12 proper measures to gather evidence and enforce when offenders most importance to ensure compliance with the special discharge Other routeing measures and recommendations on navigation 13 are detected by aircraft or satellite. regulations. A copy of the relevant Record Book may be used in Areas to be Avoided (ATBA) 13 Pilotage 13 judicial proceedings as evidence of facts stated in the entry. VI. ECDIS, AIS and e-navigation 14 Co-operation in investigation The Baltic Sea States are co-operating closely to investigate ob- VII. Safety of winter navigation 15 served violations of anti-pollution regulations. This is particular- VIII. Information on Under Keel Clearance in the Baltic Sea 17 ly important when a ship violates the discharge regulations in the General guidance 17 waters of one State, without calling at a port in that State, and Under Keel Clearance factors 17 proceeds to a port in another State. Calculating Under Keel Clearance in general 18 Effect of squat 19 Effect of heel during course alterations 20 Thus, a Baltic Sea coastal state can request another State to con- UKC information and pilotage 20 duct a Port State Control upon the ship’s arrival at the next port IX. Reporting obligations in case of an incident 21 of call, to obtain necessary information and evidence of the sus- pected violation. X. Detection and prosecution of offenders of anti-pollution regulations 22

22 Bon Voyage!