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A Bibliography of the Scarabaeoidea of California in This, Part Two of The

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A Bibliography of the Scarabaeoidea of California in This, Part Two of The SCARABS Rich Cunningham Barney Streit 3889 Walnut Avenue 1667 N. Mountain Avenue, #125 Chino, CA 91710 Upland, CA 91784 Occasional Issue Number 8 July, 1993 The placement of the genus Acoma and cal differences to warrant more effort A Bibliography of the Scarabaeoidea others remains disputed. Perhaps it toward collecting this population. of California should be placed in the Melolonthinae. Pleocoma, to many workers, seems like Aphodius biology is the subject of Jim’s In this, part two of the Dr. Art Evans, primitive Melolonthinae in both struc- forthcoming master’s thesis, which may Ph.D. double-issue bonanza, we present ture and biology. The placement of Pleo- include the descriptions of new species. a bibliography of the checklist in the pre- cominae should probably reflect this vious issue. This is not meant to be a relationship, if indeed a relationship can Some Arizona species, such as comprehensive work, rather it contains be established. Hybosorus illigeri and Acoma arizonica, references only to the original descrip- occur in Ehrenberg, a literal stone’s tions. This list should serve as a great The list of possible new species contin- throw from Blythe, California. Addi- starting point for those striving to put ues to grow. There may be one or more tional collecting on the California side of together a literature collection on west- new species in the following genera: the Colorado River may produce these ern United States scarabs. Onthophagus, Aphodius, Ataenius, species as well as others. Serica, Parathyce, Phobetus, Phylloph- We again wish to thank Art for a tremen- aga, Polyphylla, Coenonycha, Cremas- Even though the list was only meant to dous job! tocheilus, Hoplia and Glaresis. be a tentative, working model, it was kindly pointed out to us by Dr. Alan The genus Chnaunanthus is currently Hardy that the genus Euoniticellus was being revised by Bill Warner. omitted as well as up to twenty other spe- Discussion of Some Taxa in the cies. Many thanks, Alan! Checklist Dr. David Carlson is currently working on the genus Ochodaeus. There are two Besides the obvious problem of the populations he is unsure of. The first is immensity of a Scarabaeoidea of Cali- from Pinyon Flats, Riverside County, The California Scarab Project fornia project, there is the problem of taken 13-IX-1975, and the other from dealing with several genera that need a Mid Hills, San Bernardino County, taken by Doctor Art Evans, Ph.D. taxonomic overhaul such as Aphodius, 3-VIII-1968. Perhaps additional speci- Chnaunanthus, Phobetus, Phyllophaga, mens would help. You may contact Dave This is the introduction that was sup- Gymnopyge and Hoplia, to name a few. at 5229 Butterwood Circle, Orangevale, posed to accompany “A Checklist of the Then there is the fact that there are a CA 95662, telephone (916) 989-0420. Scarabaeoidea of California” (Scarabs, number of new species that are unde- Occasional Issue Number 7), but due to scribed. Several of these new species are The common imported species listed as various reasons, it was omitted until now. in manuscript form as this issue goes to Onthophagus gazella (Fabricius, 1787) Contrary to the exhortations of the edi- press. In addition, there are several pop- formerly belonged to the genus Ontho- tors and myself, the checklist was replete ulations of California scarabs that work- phagus, subgenus Digitonthophagus, with suppositions, speculations, and ers are sitting on because they are not which was erected by Balthasar in 1959. errors. The bibliography in this issue sure if ther eare valid new species In 1981, Zunino raised this subgenus to cannot help but reflect these musings and involved or not. generic rank. Please make this correction outright gaffs. on your lists. We wish to thank Dr. Let us go through the checklist and make Gonzalo Halffter for pointing this out to With the recent appearance of Brett Rat- some comments. us. cliffe's Scarabs of Nebraska, it became apparent that the California scarabaeoid Pleocoma trifoliata did not make the Jim Saulnier may have a different Ontho- fauna was ready for a similar review. My checklist because nowhere in the litera- phagus from the Providence Mountains, California checklist had its inception ture is it stated to be from California. As San Bernardino County, taken from a with me in the late 1970's and was cata- stated in our premier issue, it is likely a Neotoma nest. Onthophagus velutinus is pulted into a somewhat more meaningful behrensi-sonomae complex representa- known from this area, and is a known form shortly thereafter by the generous tive, probably from Fort Seward in Hum- inhabitant of Neotoma nests, but Jim assistance given to me by Alan Hardy boldt County. feels that there are enough morphologi- while I was an undergraduate at Cal State Long Beach. Alan had been accumulat- literature. The mission of the Project is to I hope all of you will contribute. If any of ing data on California scarabs for many identify areas of the state in need of basic you are willing and able to breed scarabs, years and had compiled his own list of survey work, direct collecting efforts of please do so. Remember, correct identifi- the state's scarab fauna which he made adults and larvae, encourage the captive cation of the adults is essential when available to me. After a somewhat breeding of scarabs, collate biological dealing with immatures. The immature lengthy hiatus from the scarab world, I and locality data and publish it. By mak- stages of most of our scarab fauna (or recently dusted off my 1980 copy of the ing these data available, present and any scarab fauna, for that matter!) are checklist and proceeded to update it. future generations of scarab workers will unknown. Several regions in California Rich Cunningham and Barney Streit be encouraged to explore the poorly remain poorly known in terms of their assisted me in editing the final copy and known regions of the state and further scarabaeoid fauna, such as the Coast the accompanying bibliography. I would our biological knowledge by including Ranges, extreme northeastern Califor- like to say that all of the errors are my immature stages in our observations and nia, the mountain ranges of the eastern own, but that would be a misrepresenta- collecting efforts. Mojave, Great Basin areas, native rem- tion of the truth! The guilty parties know nants of Central Valley flora and the who they are! Although there have been numerous northern slopes of the San Bernardino scattered species descriptions and Mountains, just to name a few. Many of The purpose of publishing the checklist generic revisions, California's scarabae- the better known regions of the state have in Scarabs was to generate interest oid fauna has never been studied in its only been collected during the spring or among the readership and encourage entirety. Several regional lists of beetles, summer months. Try collecting at some their participation by contributing to the including scarabaeoids, have appeared of your favorite haunts during different checklist. (ed. note: This purpose has for Fort Tejon (Leconte, 1859; Davis, times of the year, or using a variety of been served as we have received numer- 1932), California Channel Islands (Fall, collecting techniques. Our winter/early ous suggestions.) The updated list, which 1897; Fall and Davis, 1934; von Bloeker, spring fauna is in need of further investi- will appear in a future issue of Scarabs, 1939), selected California sand dunes gation. Photographs of habitats or scarab (ed. note: Say what?) will become the (Hardy and Andrews, 1976), San Diego behavior will be of great value to the foundation for a work tentatively entitled County (Moore, 1937), and southern Project. “The Scarabaeoidea of California.” This California (Fall, 1901). work will be copiously illustrated and If any of you have corrections, additions, will include keys, descriptions, distribu- As the dust begins to settle towards the or comments regarding the checklist or tions and biological notes. Discussions end of 1993, I will contact researchers bibliography of the Scarabaeoidea of of California's physical features, climate, and collectors to discuss the various California, or have specimens that you vegetational communities, biogeogra- aspects of the work, particularly with would like included in the California phy, and fossil species will be presented. regards to the location of pertinent mate- Scarab Project, please contact me In the next three or four years parts of the rial and to discuss the resolution of sev- directly at: manuscript will be made available to eral taxonomic issues. A number of interested persons for the purpose of test- undescribed species are awaiting The Insect Zoo, Natural History ing keys, checking descriptions and description and several generic revisions Museum, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los identifying regions requiring further sur- will be initiated in order to fully address Angeles, CA 90007, (213) 744-3558 vey work. the California fauna. Every attempt will office, (213) 746-2999 fax. be made to examine the types of all Cal- During the past 20 years California has ifornia species, particularly those that LITERATURE CITED played host to of one of the highest con- have not been part of recent revisionary centrations of scarabaeologists in the work. von Bloeker, J.C. 1939. 6. Annotated list world. These workers include Ron Alten, of the scarab beetles of the Channel Fred Andrews, Larry Bezark, Dave Carl- I have received numerous friendly jabs Islands. Bulletin of the Southern Califor- son, Rich Cunningham, Bob Duff, Der- with regards to the checklist’s scheme of nia Academy of Sciences 38:152-156. ham Guiliani, Alan Hardy, Frank higher classification. This classification Hovore, Delbert La Rue, Ron McPeak, scheme is not carved in stone.
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