DOCSLIB.ORG

BMJ Open Is Committed to Open Peer Review. As Part of This Commitment We Make the Peer Review History of Every Article We Publish Publicly Available

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
BMJ Open Is Committed to Open Peer Review. As Part of This Commitment We Make the Peer Review History of Every Article We Publish Publicly Available BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034192 on 22 April 2020. Downloaded from BMJ Open is committed to open peer review. As part of this commitment we make the peer review history of every article we publish publicly available. When an article is published we post the peer reviewers’ comments and the authors’ responses online. We also post the versions of the paper that were used during peer review. These are the versions that the peer review comments apply to. The versions of the paper that follow are the versions that were submitted during the peer review process. They are not the versions of record or the final published versions. They should not be cited or distributed as the published version of this manuscript. BMJ Open is an open access journal and the full, final, typeset and author-corrected version of record of the manuscript is available on our site with no access controls, subscription charges or pay-per-view fees (http://bmjopen.bmj.com). If you have any questions on BMJ Open’s open peer review process please email [email protected] http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ on September 30, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. BMJ Open BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034192 on 22 April 2020. Downloaded from Prevalence and risk factors for wheeze, decreased forced expiratory volume in one second and bronchoconstriction in young children living in Havana, Cuba: A prospective population-based study ForJournal: peerBMJ Open review only Manuscript ID bmjopen-2019-034192 Article Type: Original research Date Submitted by the 10-Sep-2019 Author: Complete List of Authors: Suarez-Medina, Ramon; INHEM Venero-Fernández, Silvia; INHEM Corona-Tamayo, Barbara; Dirección Municipal de Salud Pública municipios Cerro y Arroyo Naranjo Betancourt-López, Maria; INHEM Alvarez-Valdés, Vilma; Dirección Municipal de Salud Pública municipios Cerro y Arroyo Naranjo Sardiñas-Baez, Nieves; Dirección Municipal de Salud Pública municipios Cerro y Arroyo Naranjo Cristina, Carmona; Dirección Municipal de Salud Pública municipios Cerro y Arroyo Naranjo http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ Loinaz-Gonzalez, Maria; Dirección Municipal de Salud Pública municipios Cerro y Arroyo Naranjo Verdecia-Pérez, Zunilda; Dirección Municipal de Salud Pública municipios Cerro y Arroyo Naranjo Britton, John; UK Center for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, Division of Epidemiology and Public Health Fogarty, Andrew; University of Nottingham, Keywords: PAEDIATRICS, Asthma < THORACIC MEDICINE, Cuba on September 30, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml Page 1 of 26 BMJ Open 1 2 3 4 BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034192 on 22 April 2020. Downloaded from 5 6 7 8 9 I, the Submitting Author has the right to grant and does grant on behalf of all authors of the Work (as defined 10 in the below author licence), an exclusive licence and/or a non-exclusive licence for contributions from authors 11 who are: i) UK Crown employees; ii) where BMJ has agreed a CC-BY licence shall apply, and/or iii) in accordance 12 with the terms applicable for US Federal Government officers or employees acting as part of their official 13 duties; on a worldwide, perpetual, irrevocable, royalty-free basis to BMJ Publishing Group Ltd (“BMJ”) its 14 licensees and where the relevant Journal is co-owned by BMJ to the co-owners of the Journal, to publish the 15 Work in this journal and any other BMJ products and to exploit all rights, as set out in our licence. 16 17 The Submitting Author accepts and understands that any supply made under these terms is made by BMJ to 18 the Submitting Author Forunless you peer are acting as review an employee on behalf only of your employer or a postgraduate 19 student of an affiliated institution which is paying any applicable article publishing charge (“APC”) for Open 20 Access articles. Where the Submitting Author wishes to make the Work available on an Open Access basis (and 21 intends to pay the relevant APC), the terms of reuse of such Open Access shall be governed by a Creative 22 Commons licence – details of these licences and which Creative Commons licence will apply to this Work are set 23 out in our licence referred to above. 24 25 Other than as permitted in any relevant BMJ Author’s Self Archiving Policies, I confirm this Work has not been 26 accepted for publication elsewhere, is not being considered for publication elsewhere and does not duplicate 27 material already published. I confirm all authors consent to publication of this Work and authorise the granting 28 of this licence. 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 on September 30, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml BMJ Open Page 2 of 26 Prevalence and risk factors for wheeze, decreased forced expiratory volume in one second 1 and bronchoconstriction in young children living in Havana, Cuba: A prospective 2 3 population-based study 4 BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034192 on 22 April 2020. Downloaded from 5 * Ramon Suarez-Medina1 6 Silvia Josefina Venero-Fernández1 7 Vilma Alvarez-Valdés2 8 Nieves B Sardiñas-Baez2 9 Cristina Carmona2 10 2 11 María Luisa Loinaz-Gonzalez 12 Zunilda Verdecia-Pérez2 13 Barbara Corona-Tamayo2 14 María Antonia Betancourt-López1 15 John Britton3, 16 Andrew W Fogarty3 17 and the HINASIC (Historia Natural de la Sibilancia en Cuba/Natural History of Wheezing in Cuba) 18 For peer review only ++ 19 Study Group 20 21 1 Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología, Infanta No 1158 e/ Llinás y Clavel, 22 Código Postal 10300, La Habana, Cuba. 23 2 Dirección Municipal de Salud Pública municipios Cerro y Arroyo Naranjo, La Habana, Cuba. 24 3 Nottingham Biomedical Research Unit, Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of 25 26 Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Building, City Hospital, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK ++ 27 full list of collaborating researchers at the end of the manuscript 28 29 The corresponding author for the manuscript submission process is Dr Andrew Fogarty 30 ([email protected]) due to poor internet connections with Cuba. 31 32 (If accepted for publication) *Correspondence and requests for reprints to Dr. Ramón Suárez 33 34 Medina: 35 Address: Infanta No 1158 e/ Llinás y Clavel, Código Postal 10300, La Habana, Cuba. 36 Office phone: (537) 878 8479 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 37 Email: [email protected] 38 39 Key words: Cuba, asthma, children, wheeze 40 41 42 Word count: 3138 words 43 44 on September 30, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 1 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml Page 3 of 26 BMJ Open Abstract (298 words) 1 2 3 4 Objectives; Asthma has not been extensively studied in low and middle-income countries, where BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034192 on 22 April 2020. Downloaded from 5 risk factors and access to treatment may differ from more affluent countries. we aimed to identify 6 7 the prevalence of asthma and local risk factors in Havana, Cuba. 8 9 10 11 Setting: Four municipalities in Havana, Cuba. 12 13 14 Participants: A population-based cohort study design of young children living in Havana, Cuba. 15 16 Children were recruited from primary care centres at age 12-15 months. 17 18 For peer review only 19 Primary and secondary outcome measures: Data on wheeze in the past 12 months, asthma 20 21 treatment and environmental exposures collected regularly until the age of six years, when Forced 22 23 Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) and reversibility to aerosolised salbutamol were also 24 measured. 25 26 27 28 Results: 1106 children provided data at the age of six years old. The prevalence of wheeze in the 29 30 previous 12 months was 422 (38%), and 331 (37%) of the study population had bronchodilatation 31 of 10% or more in FEV after administration of inhaled salbutamol. In the previous 12 months, 182 32 1 33 (16%) of the children had received inhaled corticosteroids, 416 (38%) salbutamol inhalers, and 34 35 283 (26%) a course of systemic steroids. 36 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 37 38 Wheeze in the first year and a family history of asthma were both positively associated with 39 40 bronchodilatation to inhaled salbutamol (+1.94%; 95% confidence intervals CI: +0.81 to +3.08, and 41 42 +1.85%; CI: +0.14 to +3.57 respectively), while paracetamol use in the first year was associated 43 with wheeze at six years (OR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.14 to 2.35). There were large differences in FEV , 44 1 on September 30, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 45 bronchodilatation and risk of wheeze across different geographical areas. 46 47 48 49 Conclusions: Asthma is common in young children living in Havana, and the high prevalence of 50 systemic steroids administrated is likely to reflect the underuse of regular inhaled corticosteroids. If 51 52 replicated in other comparable low and middle-income countries, this represents an important 53 54 global public health issue. 55 56 57 Keywords: infection, asthma, children, Cuba, lung function 58 59 60 2 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml BMJ Open Page 4 of 26 STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY 1 2 There have been many epidemiological studies of asthma in children who live in developed 3 4 countries, but few population-based studies that have used objective measures of asthma BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034192 on 22 April 2020.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Redalyc.LA TUBERCULOSIS EN CIUDAD DE LA HABANA
    Revista Cubana de Higiene y Epidemiología ISSN: 0253-1751 [email protected] Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología Cuba Borroto Gutiérrez, Susana; Armas Pérez, Luisa; González Ochoa, Edilberto; Peláez Sánchez, Otto; Arteaga Yero, Ana Luisa; Sevy Court, José LA TUBERCULOSIS EN CIUDAD DE LA HABANA Revista Cubana de Higiene y Epidemiología, vol. 38, núm. 1, 2000, pp. 5-16 Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=223214831001 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Rev Cubana Hig Epidemiol 2000;38(1):5-16 ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí (IPK). Centro Provincial de Higiene y Epidemiología de Ciudad de La Habana LA TUBERCULOSIS EN CIUDAD DE LA HABANA Dra. Susana Borroto Gutiérrez,1 Dra. Luisa Armas Pérez,2 Dr. Edilberto González Ochoa,3 Dr. Otto Peláez Sánchez,4 Dra. Ana Luisa Arteaga Yero4 y Dr. José Sevy Court5 RESUMEN Se describe la distribución y tendencia de las tasas de incidencia de tuberculosis de 1986 a 1995, por grupos de edades en la Ciudad de La Habana y sus 15 municipios. Las tasas de incidencia se calcularon mediante estimaciones realizadas a la población por la Dirección Nacional de Estadísticas del Ministerio de Salud Pública y los datos de densidad poblacional fueron obtenidos en el Instituto de desarrollo de demografía.
    [Show full text]
  • Convocatoria Matrícula 20-21 UCMH (Dic)
    UNIVERSIDAD DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS DE LA HABANA La Habana, 20 de noviembre de 2020 “Año 62 de la Revolución” Cro Jefe de Información o Redacción. Estimado Compañero: Le solicitamos analice la posibilidad de divulgar a través de ese órgano la información siguiente: La Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana realizará del 2 al 19 de diciembre la matrícula del nuevo ingreso correspondiente al curso 2020-2021, sólo Diferidos y Curso Por Encuentro, en las carreras universitarias de: Medicina, Estomatología, Licenciaturas en Rehabilitación en Salud, Bioanálisis Clínico, Nutrición, Higiene y Epidemiología, Sistema de Información en Salud, Imagenología y Radiofísica Médica, Logofonoaudiología y Licenciatura en Enfermería, así como en las carreras de Ciclo Corto Superior de: Enfermería, Análisis Clínico y Medicina Transfusional, Logofonoaudiología, Biofísica médica, Citihistopatología, Electromedicina, Higiene y epidemiología, Nutrición y dietética, Radiología, Prótesis estomatológica, Servicios farmacéuticos, Trabajo social en salud, Terapia ocupacional, Neurofisiología clínica y Vigilancia y lucha antivectorial. La convocatoria precisa que los estudiantes que tienen otorgada la CARRERA DE MEDICINA matricularán en las facultades, en correspondencia con los municipios a los cuales estas atienden. Los Cadetes del MININT matricularán en el ICBP Victoria de Girón. Las Facultades de Estomatología y Victoria de Girón garantizarán la matrícula de aquellos estudiantes a los que les fue otorgada la CARRERA DE ESTOMATOLOGÍA. En el ICBP Victoria de Girón matricularán los que residen en los municipios: La Lisa, Marianao y Playa. La Facultad de Estomatología matricula el resto de los municipios. Las Facultades de Enfermería (Lidia Doce) y Calixto García garantizarán la matrícula de aquellos estudiantes a los que les fue otorgada la CARRERA DE LIC.
    [Show full text]
  • Health Situation in Children and Adolescents Infected with COVID-19 in Selected Geographical Area
    Health situation in children and adolescents infected with COVID-19 in selected geographical area. Study carried out between March and May 2020. María Cecilia Santana Espinosa, MS. Assistant Professor at Cuba’s National Schools of Public Health. María Esther Álvarez Lauzerique, PhD. Assistant Professor at Cuba’s National Schools of Public Health. Julia Maricela Torres Esperón, PhD. PProfessor at Cuba’s National Schools of Public Health. Berta Lidia Castro Pacheco, MS. Assistant Profession at the Finlay-Albarrán Faculty. President of the Cuban Society of Pediatrics. CONTENT Introduction | 03 Methodology | 06 Results | 09 Conclusions | 16 Recommendations | 18 References | 20 INTRODUCTION Infection with the new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), re- The spectrum of manifestations described in 171 named SARS-CoV-2 and identified in 2019 in Wuhan, children (from 1 day old to 15 years old) infected with China, is the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (CO- SARS-CoV-2 and treated at Wuhan Children’s Hospital VID-19). According to data from the World Health Or- have shown that the most common signs and symp- ganization (WHO)1, the disease has spread across the toms include: coughing (48.5 % of cases), pharyngeal world and taken on pandemic proportions. Since De- erythema (46.2 %) and fever (41.5 %). Other less com- cember 2019, when the new coronavirus SARS CoV-2 mon signs and symptoms, found in less than 10 % of and the infection it causes (COVID-19) were identified, children, were diarrhoea, fatigue, kidney rhinorrhoea data on its pathogenesis, incidence and possible treat- and nasal congestion. Tachypnea on admission was ments have been known practically “in real time’’, found in 28.7 % of children and hypoxemia (saturated through the publication of numerous scientific texts.
    [Show full text]
  • COVID-19 OFICINA DE OPS/OMS EN CUBA a Destacar
    COVID-19 REPORTE 68. EQUIPO DE GESTIÓN DE INCIDENTES OFICINA DE OPS/OMS EN CUBA 31 de mayo de 2021 A destacar Resumen de la situación epidemiológica ➢ Intervención sanitaria en Cuba: Al cierre del 28 de mayo, 23 al 29 de mayo de 2021 (SE 21) se acumulan 813 867 personas vacunadas con dos candidatos cubanos contra la COVID-19 (Abdala y ➢ Durante la semana epidemiológica (SE) 21 de 2021 se Soberana 02). De ellas 442 058 trabajadores de salud, de reportaron 8 113 casos confirmados de COVID-19 (486 BioCubaFarma y de otros grupos de riesgo; y 371 809 de la menos que en la semana previa, con disminución en 6.0% población de los territorios seleccionados, básicamente de y un promedio de 1 159 diarios). Se acumulan 141 166 4 municipios de la capital. 5 casos (incidencia acumulada: 1 254 x 10 hab.). ➢ Desde el 26 de mayo comenzó a aplicarse la segunda dosis ➢ Se reportaron 73 fallecidos, similar a la semana anterior, y de Abdala en los municipios Regla, La Habana del Este, se acumulan 950 (letalidad: 0.67%). Guanabacoa y San Miguel del Padrón, en La Habana. A ➢ Se realizaron 156 216 pruebas de PCR-RT, 921 menos que partir del día 29 se comenzó con la primera dosis en Arroyo Naranjo, Cotorro y Boyeros, donde se prevé en la semana previa, con disminución en 0.6%. Como inmunizar a 378 296 personas. promedio se realizaron 22 317 PCR-RT diarios, en los 27 http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2021/05/30/cuba-reporta-1-079- laboratorios de biología molecular que funcionan en el nuevos-casos-de-covid-19-y-siete-fallecidos/ país, con una positividad de 5.2%.
    [Show full text]
  • Slumshavana.Pdf
    THE DAVID ROCKEFELLER CENTER FOR LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES Working Papers on Latin America "Understanding Slums: The Case of Havana, Cuba" By Mario Coyula and Jill Hamberg No. 04/05-4 The Authors Mario Coyula is an architect, urban designer and critic. He is Professor Emeritus at the Faculty of Architecture in Havana and in 2001 he received the National Prize of Architecture, a life-long award. In 2002, he was the Robert F. Kennedy Visiting Professor in Latin American Studies at Harvard's Graduate School of Design. In 2004, he received the National Habitat Prize. Contact: <[email protected]>. Jill Hamberg, is an urban planner who teaches at Empire State College, SUNY. She is an expert in and has extensively researched housing and urban planning in Cuba as well as housing, homeless and social planning issues in the United States. Contact: <[email protected]>. Note About This Publication This case study on Havana, Cuba was commissioned by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) for The Challenge of the Slums: Global Report on Human Settlements 2003. It is part of a compilation of case studies funded by UN- HABITAT and produced by the Development Planning Unit (DPU), University College London. It is reproduced here with the permission of UN-HABITAT and the authors. Published by the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies (DRCLAS), Harvard University. The authors bear sole responsibility for this paper. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies or Harvard University.
    [Show full text]
  • Temporal Trends and Regional Variability Of
    Temporal Trends and Regional Variability of 2001-2002 DENV-3 Epidemic in Havana City: Did Hurricane Michelle Contribute to its Severity ? Ying-Hen Hsieh, Hector de Arazoza, Rachid Lounes To cite this version: Ying-Hen Hsieh, Hector de Arazoza, Rachid Lounes. Temporal Trends and Regional Variability of 2001-2002 DENV-3 Epidemic in Havana City: Did Hurricane Michelle Contribute to its Sever- ity ?. Tropical Medicine & International Health, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013, 18 (7), pp.830-838. 10.1111/tmi.12105. hal-00705264v2 HAL Id: hal-00705264 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00705264v2 Submitted on 29 Aug 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Temporal Trends and Regional Variability of 2001-2002 Multi-wave DENV-3 Epidemic in Havana City: Did Hurricane Michelle Contribute to its Severity? Ying-Hen Hsieh1, Hector de Arazoza2,3, Rachid Lounes3 1Department of Public Health and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402 2Department of Mathematics, University of Havana, San Lazaro y L, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba, 3Laboratoire MAP5, UMR-CNRS 8145, Université Paris Descartes, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, FRANCE Running Title: 2001-2002 DENV-3 outbreak in Havana Word count: 31913494 (excluding the tables) Conflict of interest: none Correspondence to: Department of Public Health and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, China Medical University Taichung, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan 404.
    [Show full text]
  • Nota Informativa Del Ministerio De Salud Pública (25/08)
    Nota informativa del Ministerio de Salud Pública (25/08) Para COVID-19 se estudiaron 4 mil 536 muestras, resultando 27 muestras positivas. El país acumula 369 mil 889 muestras realizadas y 3 mil 744 positivas (1,01%). Por tanto, al cierre del día de ayer se confirman 27 casos nuevos, con un acumulado de 3 mil 744 en el país. Presidencia, 25 de Agosto de 2020 Al cierre del día de ayer, 24 de agosto, se encuentran ingresados en hospitales para vigilancia clínica epidemiológica mil 138 pacientes, de ellos: en vigilancia 41, sospechosos 548 y confirmados 549. Para COVID-19 se estudiaron 4 mil 536 muestras, resultando 27 muestras positivas. El país acumula 369 mil 889 muestras realizadas y 3 mil 744 positivas (1,01%). Por tanto, al cierre del día de ayer se confirman 27 casos nuevos, con un acumulado de 3 mil 744 en el país. De los 27 casos diagnosticados: 26 son cubanos y un extranjero. De los 27 casos, 25 fueron contactos de casos confirmados y en dos (7,7%) se investiga la fuente de infección. De los 27 casos confirmados, 15 son masculinos y 12 son femeninas. El 40,7% (11) fueron asintomáticos, acumulándose 2 mil 150 que representan el 57,4% de los confirmados hasta la fecha. Distribución por municipios de los 27 casos confirmados. Pinar del Río (1 caso) • 1 del municipio La Palma. Artemisa (6 casos) • 5 del municipio San Cristóbal. • 1 del municipio Mariel. La Habana (11 casos) • 3 del municipio La Lisa. • Arroyo Naranjo, Regla y Playa con 2 casos cada uno.
    [Show full text]
  • Calzada Del Diez De Octubre Autor: LAZ Publicado: 01/08/2020 | 08:17 Pm
    Image not found or type unknown www.juventudrebelde.cu Image not found or type unknown Calzada del Diez de Octubre Autor: LAZ Publicado: 01/08/2020 | 08:17 pm Calzada del Diez de Octubre Publicado: Sábado 01 agosto 2020 | 08:36:37 pm. Publicado por: Ciro Bianchi Ross La Calzada del Diez de Octubre fue la calzada de Jesús del Monte hasta que en 1918 el Ayuntamiento de La Habana accedió a la petición de la Asociación de Emigrados Revolucionarios Cubanos de dar a esa vía la nueva denominación en homenaje al día glorioso en que Carlos Manuel de Céspedes dio el grito de Independencia o Muerte. En Cuba se llama monte a un terreno no cultivado, cubierto de árboles y arbustos, y, por extensión, a una zona poco urbanizada. De las puertas de las murallas salieron varios caminos cortos y tres caminos largos. Uno de ellos, el de San Lázaro, iba hacia el leprosorio y el cementerio de Espada, ambos al oeste del actual parque Maceo. Otro camino iba hacia San Antonio Chiquito, sobre las actuales vías de Reina, Carlos III y Zapata. Ambos caminos concluían en Pueblo Viejo, en la desembocadura del Almendares. Otro más, el camino de Jesús del Monte, era el más importante y fue, durante años, el camino del campo. Su nombre obedecía a esa costumbre muy cubana de llamar monte a todo espacio no poblado. Fue por decisión de la Junta de Fomento, el primer camino habanero empedrado a partir de 1796, y empezó a recibir el nombre de calzada, es decir, senda calzada por piedras.
    [Show full text]
  • UCMH Escenarios Matrícula Curso 20-21
    MATRÍCULA DE LAS CARRERAS DE CIENCAS MÉDICAS POR FACULTAD Y MUNICIPIOS CARRERA DE MEDICINA FACULTAD MUNICIPIOS JULIO TRIGO Arroyo Naranjo ENRIQUE CABRERA Boyeros CALIXTO GARCÍA Centro Habana, Habana Vieja y Habana del Este SALVADOR ALLENDE Cerro MIGUEL ENRÍQUEZ Cotorro, Guanabacoa, Regla y SMP VICTORIA DE GIRÓN Playa, Marianao y La Lisa 10 DE OCTUBRE 10 de Octubre MANUEL FAJARDO Plaza CARRERA DE ESTOMATOLOGÍA FACULTAD MUNICIPIOS Boyeros, Arroyo Naranjo, 10 de Octubre, Cerro, Centro ESTOMATOLOGIA Habana, Habana Vieja, Habana del Este, Plaza, Cotorro, Guanabacoa, Regla y SMP VICTORIA DE GIRON Playa, Lisa y Marianao CARRERAS DE TECNOLOGÍA DE LA SALUD CURSO REGULAR DIURNO (CRD) CARRERAS FACULTAD MUNICIPIOS Bioanálisis Clínico FATESA Todos los municipios Imagenología y Radiofísica FATESA Todos los municipios Médica Rehabilitación en Salud FATESA Todos los municipios Logofonoaudiología FATESA Todos los municipios Nutrición FATESA Todos los municipios Higiene y Epidemiología FATESA Todos los municipios Sistemas de Información FATESA Todos los municipios En Salud. CARRERA DE LICENCIARURA EN ENFERMERÍA CURSO REGULAR DIURNO (CRD) FACULTAD MUNICIPIOS Boyeros, Lisa, Marianao, Centro Habana, Habana Vieja, CALIXTO GARCÍA Habana del Este, Plaza y Playa Cotorro, Guanabacoa, Regla, SMP, Arroyo Naranjo, 10 de LIDIA DOCE Octubre y Cerro CARRERA DE LICENCIARURA EN ENFERMERÍA CURSO POR ENCUENTRO (CPE) FACULTAD MUNICIPIOS JULIO TRIGO Arroyo Naranjo ENRIQUE CABRERA Boyeros CALIXTO GARCÍA Centro Habana, Habana Vieja y Habana del Este SALVADOR ALLENDE Cerro LIDIA
    [Show full text]
  • Marie Melander
    Endangered plants on the market in Havana City, Cuba Endangered plants on the market in Havana City, Cuba Marie Melander Degreeproject in Biology, 2006 Examensarbete i biologi, 10p, Minor Field Study, 2006 Biology Education Center, Department of Systematic Botany, Uppsala University Supervisor: Lars Björk Endangered plants on the market in Havana City, Cuba Abstract The sustainable use of natural resources is a worldwide concern. There are 7020 taxa of vascular plants with an endemicity of 50% in Cuba. Natural disasters in form of almost yearly hurricanes and lack of products on the markets leading to a reliance on the local natural resources, create a heavy pressure on the Cuban biodiversity. The fieldwork was conducted during four months (October 2005 – January 2006) visiting 49 plant vendors, in the 15 municipals of the Cuban capital. Through free listing, semi-structured and stuctured interviews, 420 plant species were found commercialised on the market in Havana City, Cuba. Of these, five species are endangered, Garcinia aristata (Griseb.) Borhidi (Clusiaceae), Pinus caribaea Morelet var. caribaea (Pinaceae), Copernicia curbeloi León, C. fallaensis León and C. x textilis León (Arecaceae). Key words: ethnobotany, endangered plant species, Cuba Resumen Una preocupación a nivel mundial es el uso sostenible de los recursos naturales. En Cuba existen 7020 taxones de plantas vasculares y 50% de ellas son endémicas. Desastres naturales como huracanes casi anuales y escasez de productos en el mercado, conduce a una dependencia de los recursos naturales locales, creando una amenaza severa de la biodiversidad cubana. El trabajo de campo se realizó durante cuatro meses (Octubre 2005 – Enero 2006) y fueron visitadas 49 vendedores de plantas, en los 15 municipios de la capital de Cuba.
    [Show full text]
  • Temporal Trends and Regional Variability of 2001-2002
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by HAL Descartes Temporal Trends and Regional Variability of 2001-2002 DENV-3 Epidemic in Havana City: Did Hurricane Michelle Contribute to its Severity ? Ying-Hen Hsieh, Hector De Arazoza, Rachid Lounes To cite this version: Ying-Hen Hsieh, Hector De Arazoza, Rachid Lounes. Temporal Trends and Regional Variability of 2001-2002 DENV-3 Epidemic in Havana City: Did Hurricane Michelle Contribute to its Severity ?. Tropical Medicine & International Health, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013, 18 (7), pp.830-838. <10.1111/tmi.12105>. <hal-00705264v2> HAL Id: hal-00705264 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00705264v2 Submitted on 29 Aug 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destin´eeau d´ep^otet `ala diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publi´esou non, lished or not. The documents may come from ´emanant des ´etablissements d'enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche fran¸caisou ´etrangers,des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou priv´es. Temporal Trends and Regional Variability of 2001-2002 Multi-wave DENV-3 Epidemic in Havana City: Did Hurricane Michelle Contribute to its Severity? Ying-Hen Hsieh1, Hector de Arazoza2,3, Rachid Lounes3 1Department of Public Health and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402 2Department of Mathematics, University of Havana, San Lazaro y L, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba, 3Laboratoire MAP5, UMR-CNRS 8145, Université Paris Descartes, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, FRANCE Running Title: 2001-2002 DENV-3 outbreak in Havana Word count: 31913494 (excluding the tables) Conflict of interest: none Correspondence to: Department of Public Health and Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, China Medical University Taichung, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan 404.
    [Show full text]
  • Municipal Solid Waste in Havana City -Republic of Cuba- Final Report
    B. Collection and Transportation: B1 Current Condition The Study on Integrated Management Plan Final Report of Municipal Solid Waste in Havana City Supporting Report: Collection & Transportation B1. CURRENT CONDITIONS 1. Type of Collected Waste The total area of Havana City, the target of the Study, is divided into 15 municipalities and 105 districts. The Population of the city is 2.24 million. The total amount of generated waste is unknown because weigh bridges are not installed in existing landfill sites. Therefore, a field study was carried out to determine the total amount of generated waste in the City. Based on the consecutive 8-day field study, the total collected waste was 2,313 tons or 7,173 m3. About 45 - 50% of that was MSW while 25 - 30% was bulky waste and 10 – 15% industrial waste. Some kinds of waste were collected and carried to disposal sites by the city-collection service and some generators (Institutions). Household waste (and non-hazardous hospital waste as MSW) was shown to be the largest source of solid waste. Household waste as a proportion of the daily total waste varied between 35% and 70% during the field survey. Site observations showed that most MSW from residential areas that had been collected using a C/T vehicle (Compactor Truck (Camion)) was mixed with domestic waste and bulky waste such as construction waste and trees, market waste, etc. and that the MSW from industrial areas included organic industrial waste. On the other hand, MSW collected using T/Cs (Tractor driven carts) and D/Ts (Dump Trucks) was mixed with large trees and plants from streets and gardens.
    [Show full text]