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Municipal Solid Waste in Havana City -Republic of Cuba- Final Report

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Municipal Solid Waste in Havana City -Republic of Cuba- Final Report B. Collection and Transportation: B1 Current Condition The Study on Integrated Management Plan Final Report of Municipal Solid Waste in Havana City Supporting Report: Collection & Transportation B1. CURRENT CONDITIONS 1. Type of Collected Waste The total area of Havana City, the target of the Study, is divided into 15 municipalities and 105 districts. The Population of the city is 2.24 million. The total amount of generated waste is unknown because weigh bridges are not installed in existing landfill sites. Therefore, a field study was carried out to determine the total amount of generated waste in the City. Based on the consecutive 8-day field study, the total collected waste was 2,313 tons or 7,173 m3. About 45 - 50% of that was MSW while 25 - 30% was bulky waste and 10 – 15% industrial waste. Some kinds of waste were collected and carried to disposal sites by the city-collection service and some generators (Institutions). Household waste (and non-hazardous hospital waste as MSW) was shown to be the largest source of solid waste. Household waste as a proportion of the daily total waste varied between 35% and 70% during the field survey. Site observations showed that most MSW from residential areas that had been collected using a C/T vehicle (Compactor Truck (Camion)) was mixed with domestic waste and bulky waste such as construction waste and trees, market waste, etc. and that the MSW from industrial areas included organic industrial waste. On the other hand, MSW collected using T/Cs (Tractor driven carts) and D/Ts (Dump Trucks) was mixed with large trees and plants from streets and gardens. A summary of the type of collected waste is presented in Table 1. Table 1 Type of Collected Waste (kg/day) Ratio of M.S.W. B.W. Fluctuant MSW of Type of Waste Mix Industrial Others TOTAL Total ratio of Ave. Mix w/Const House/ W/Houses & Medical Trees , Market MSW & Trees Others Others Tue Mar.9 1,384,183 22,400 599,070 197,710 253,180 291,655 2,748,198 14.9% 50% 1.3 Wed Mar.10 972,894 5,060 688,640 135,316 459,190 392,448 2,653,548 14.3% 37% 0.9 Thu Mar.11 1,110,990 - 505,690 151,000 297,330 191,655 2,256,665 12.2% 49% 1.0 Fri Mar.12 1,116,015 2,770 686,620 253,770 285,030 331,680 2,675,885 14.5% 42% 1.0 Sat Mar.13 1,150,430 - 448,415 155,010 284,360 113,703 2,151,918 11.6% 53% 1.1 Sun Mar.14 761,065 - 111,170 2,250 254,160 8,640 1,137,285 6.1% 67% 0.7 Mon Mar.15 1,154,724 - 554,690 133,320 226,550 148,413 2,217,697 12.0% 52% 1.1 Tue Mar.16 947,016 - 898,959 77,020 208,810 526,840 2,658,645 14.4% 36% 0.9 TOTAL 8,597,317 30,230 4,493,254 1,105,396 2,268,610 2,005,034 18,499,841 100.0% 46% Ratio 46.5% 0.2% 24.3% 6.0% 12.3% 10.8% 100.0% Ave. 1,074,665 10,077 561,657 138,175 283,576 250,629 2,312,480 The total amount of MSW collected from the city by UPPH and DMSC was estimated at about 940 tons/day in 2004 as shown in Table 2. The Study will be carried out for city service collection, so current conditions and the future collection plan are based on the amount of 940 tons/day of MSW. - B1.1 - The Study on Integrated Management Plan Final Report of Municipal Solid Waste in Havana City Supporting Report: Collection & Transportation Table 2 Summary of Quantity Survey of Waste Collected by UPPH and DMSC Unit: tons/day DMSC Type of Waste UPPH Total H/C D/T T/C 703 75 81 81 940 Domestic and commercial waste* (%) (75%) (8%) (9%) (9%) (100%) Bulky waste and others 0 0 567** 567 Total 703 75 729 1,507 Source: Eight day field survey by the Study Team and UPPH in March 2004. Note: * These values for domestic and commercial waste were based on the actual measurement at the surveyed landfill sites as mixed and the estimation for SPLs. ** The bulky waste and others consist of construction waste, yard waste, trees, and branches. This amount fluctuates by season, and 567 tons is assumed to be rather high because branches are more commonly cut before the hurricane season comes in summer. 2. City Service Collection Area and Population 2.1 City Service Executive Agencies The collection and transportation of the generated waste from the city is managed by three (3) agencies, i.e. UPPH, DMSC and Aurora. The detailed organizational structure of UPPH and DMSC are described in B3, maintenance workshop. UPPH collects MSW mainly from urban areas, particularly those with high population density, such as tourist, commercial and industrial areas where a large amount of waste is generated. The collection vehicles should work continuously whenever required. Collection and transportation of MSW in 7 municipalities close to urban areas use UPPH’s C/T vehicles while suburban areas used D/T, T/C and H/C vehicles. DMSC covers the remaining areas not served by UPPH. These are suburban and remote where there are larger areas of natural land and wildlife sanctuaries with lower population density. Collection vehicles used in this area are T/C, D/T, shovel loader-driven carts (S/C) and loaders, and horse driven carts (H/C). Regarding collection and transportation of bulky waste, D/T, T/C and Ampliroll vehicles are used, the latter being able to carry UPPH’s large steel containers, which have been installed in Havana City. Handling of bulky waste and construction waste was mainly conducted by Aurora enterprise and UPPH, which charges a collection fee for institutions requesting a special steel container. The bulky waste and construction waste are brought to the dumping sites. Institutions collect and transport their own waste by D/T and trucks to dumping sites. The UPPH’s and DMSC collect waste 365 days a year using their own collection vehicles to clean up all system areas. The collection systems are classified into three categories, the horse cart system, the specialized system, and the conventional collection system. • Specialized Collection System (local name): C/T • Conventional Collection System (local name): D/T, T/C - B1.2 - The Study on Integrated Management Plan Final Report of Municipal Solid Waste in Havana City Supporting Report: Collection & Transportation • Horse Driven Cart Collection System: H/C The specialized collection system covers the high population areas where 20% of the total population lives such as Playa, Plaza, Centro Havana, etc, while the remainder is covered by conventional collection and horse carts such as in suburban and remote areas. The service area of each system is shown in Figure 1. The summary of responsibility of the agencies for municipal solid waste collection work i.e. collection area, type of bins or containers, and type of vehicles is given in Table 3. The proportion of vehicles adopted in each municipality is shown in Table 4. Specialized Collection Area Figure 1 Specialized Collection Area - B1.3 - The Study on Integrated Management Plan Final Report of Municipal Solid Waste in Havana City Supporting Report: Collection & Transportation Table 3 Operation Agencies and Collection System DMSC UPPH DMSC (Contract Aurora Basis) Street Cleaning By machines and By manual work By manual work By manual work manual work Collection/Transporta-tion C/T T/C and D/T H/C T/C and D/T Equipment Method of waste Bins, or waste Bins, street Plastic bags, Street containers, discharge and type of piled up on streets containers, other small bags, pile up on street containers used plastic bags, piled pile up on street up on street Collection responsibility Habana Vieja, All other Rural areas Habana Vieja and area C. Habana, Plaza, seni-urban areas H.Del Este Playa, and other 3 not covered by mainly, and 2 urban UPPH other districts for municipalitis minor actvity Frequency of Collection Daily Daily Daily Daily Table 4 Collection Vehicles Type of Vehicles Covered Area by Vehicles Type (km2) Municipalities Ratio C/T D/T T/C H/C C/T D/T T/C H/C Total Playa Yes 36.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 36.2 4.97% Plaza de la Revolucion Yes 13.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.2 1.81% Centro Habana Yes 3.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.4 0.47% Habana Vieja Yes 4.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3 0.59% Regla Yes Yes 0.0 10.1 0 0 10.1 1.39% Habana del Este Yes Yes 62.8 0.0 0.0 79.5 142.3 19.55% Guanabacoa Yes Yes 0 16 113.5 0 129.5 17.79% San Miguel del Padron Yes Yes 0 11.266 11.167 3.267 25.7 3.53% Diez de Octubre Yes 12.6 0 0 0 12.6 1.73% Cerro Yes 10.3 0 0 0 10.3 1.42% M arian ao Yes * Yes Yes 0 0 21.5 0 21.5 2.95% La Lis a Yes * Yes Yes Yes 2.5 6.8 23.85 3.55 36.7 5.04% Bo y erro s Yes * Yes Yes 0 0 67.1 67.1 134.2 18.44% Arroyo Naranjo Yes* Yes Yes Yes 0 6.748 36.376 38.976 82.1 11.28% Cotorro Yes Yes 0 0 35.6 30.1 65.7 9.03% Total7585145.3 50.9 309.1 222.5 727.8 100.00% Only MainRoad 4 Ratio 19.96% 7.00% 42.47% 30.57% 100.00% *For main streets 2.2 Estimation of Population Covered and Population Density The estimated collection service population is shown in Table 5.
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