UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Harold L. Ickes, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. C. Mendenhall, Director

Water-Supply Paper 890

GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREGON

BY '">' ' V ARTHUR M. PIPER ? +~

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Prepared in cooperation with the" -^ OREGON AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENTor STATION . DEPARTMENT OF SOILS

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UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1942

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. ------Price 45 cents

CONTENTS

Page Abstract.___-_--______-_------__------_-_--_--_- 1 Introduction.. ______-______-______-______--_----____..__----_ 2 Location and extent of the area_____-______,.^___-_-__-__-__-___ 2 Purpose and scope of the investigation.____,+ _u.______4 Acknowledgments-_-_-___-______--______--_--______-_-_ 5 Bibliography______-______..______--__-__-______-__,. 5 Surface features of the Willamette Valley______-______-____ & Climate. ____-__-___-__-______12: Geology and hydrology of the consolidated and semiconsolidated rocks. __ 19 General character, succession, and age of the rocks ______19 Structure____-____--__--______--______----______-___-__ 20 Water-bearing properties.______24 Geology and hydrology of the unconsolidated deposits______---_-__ 27 General character, extent, and thickness of the deposits ______27 Younger alluvium______27 Older alluvium and related deposits______. 28 Terrace deposit and related alluvial materials ______32 Occurrence, source, and disposal of water in the unconsolidated de­ posits ______34 Form and fluctuations of the water table-______34 Relation of ground water to rainfall and streams,______39 Dependability of the ground-water supply._--_---______40 Subdivisions of the central lowland with respect to yield of ground water. 41 Flowing wells,______55 Chemical character of the ground water.______56 Well records-___-_--____-_-______-______"_ 65 Index, ______193 m ILLUSTRATIONS

Page PLATE 1. Geologic map of the northern part of the Willamette Valley, Oregon.______In pocket 2. Geolpgic map of the southern part of the Willamette Valley, Oregon______In pocket 3. A, Three-Fingered Jack, viewed southward across Marion Lake; B, Three Sisters, viewed southward from McKenzie. Pass across a young lava field.______10 4. A, Collier Glacier, viewed from its western lateral moraine; North Sister Peak in the background; B, Younger alluvium of of the McKenzie River; material from lower part of well 680_ 34 5. Younger alluvium of the Willamette River. A, Gravel pit in the SE% sec. 8, T. 11 S., R. 4 W.; B, Pit of East Side Sand & Gravel Co. near Corvallis, in the SW% sec. 2, T. 12 S., R. 5 W______34 6. Older alluvium and related deposits. A, Exposure in the NW% sec. 1, T. 16 S., R. 4. W.; B, Highway cut in the NW% sec. 7, T. 4 S., R. 1 E., showing faint stratification.______34 7. Map of the Willamette Valley showing thickness of younger and older alluvium, terrace deposit, and related materials. __ 34 8. A, Decomposed terrace deposit in highway cut in the N}£ sec. 32, T. 12 S., R. 1 W.; B, Cross-bedded sand and gravel exposed in cut along the Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway, 0.1 mile north of Lombard Street, Portland ______34 9. Water-level fluctuations in 12 wells in the Willamette Valley and at two stations oa the Willamette River, 1928-30 and 1935-36_ 50 10. Map of the Willamette Valley showing principal subareas of the central lowland with respect to yield of ground water______50 FIGTTRE 1. Index map of Oregon showing drainage divide of the Willamette River, area covered by plates 1 and 2, and areas covered by other reports relating to ground water. ______3 2. Maximum, average, and minimum monthly rainfall at three climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1896-1935.__ 15 3. Chemical character of waters from 20 wells in the Willamette Valley..-____._--__-______-_------_----- 58 IV TABLES

Page TABLE 1. Monthly, seasonal, and yearly averages and extremes of cli­ matic elements at Portland, Oreg., in the period ending with 1930___------__--__-_------______13 2. Monthly temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, at five climato- logic stations in the Willamette Valley, in the period ending with 1930______-____---__-__-__-______14 3. Maximum, average, and minimum monthly and yearly rain­ fall and snowfall, in inches, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette VaUey, 1896-1935______16 4. Maximum rates of precipitation, in inches, at Portland, Oreg., in the period ending with 1930______17 5. Yearly rainfall and snowfall, also surplus or deficiency with respect to 40-year average, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1872-1937- ______17 6. Stratigraphic sections and general water-bearing properties of consolidated and semiconsolidated rocks bounding the central lowland of the Willamette River Basin______22 7. Physical properties of water-bearing materials from well 245_ 31 8. Approximate limits indicating the suitability of a water for irrigation.______59 9. Chemical analyses of water from representative wells in the Willamette Valley______60 10. Wells in the Willamette Valley for which records of ground- water levels have been published in other water-supply papers- ______65 11. Records of wells in the Willamette VaUey and adjacent area, Oregon.______66 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells______130 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36. 144 V

GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREGON

By ARTHUR M. PIPER

ABSTRACT The drainage basin of the Willamette River lies in western Oregon between the Oregon Coast Range on the west and the Cascade Range on the east. It is about 170 miles long from north to south and covers about 11,350 square miles. The central lowland, with whose ground-water resources this report is concerned, covers nearly 3,000 square miles and ranges in altitude from 25 to 450 feet above sea level. On this lowland the average yearly rainfall is slightly less than 40 inches, but the average rainfall for the period May to August is only 4.2 inches, less than is needed to mature many crops. Thus, supplemental irrigation is profitable. The central lowland comprises a main valley plain, remnants of at least one higher terrace with a pediment and certain other related features, and relatively narrow trenches cut into the main valley plain. These trenches are occupied by the Willamette River and its tributaries. This lowland constitutes the most extensive single agricultural area in Oregon. The area is covered with uncon- solidated Quaternary deposits which, of all the rock formations in the basin, are those most likely to yield continuous large supplies of water to wells. The bedrock formations that underlie the unconsolidated deposits of the low­ land and form the foothills and mountains to the east and west include marine and nonmarine sedimentary rocks that range in age from late Eocene to Miocene (?), and fragmental and nonfragmental volcanic rocks and associated detrital rocks that range in age from Oligocene (?) to Recent. The rocks of Miocene age and older are deformed by broad shallow folds and possibly by faults of small extent and displacement. Of the several bedrock formations, only the Yakima basalt of Miocene age yields water copiously over an extensive area; some wells in this rock yield as much as 500 gallons a minute, whereas others yield only a few gallons. Certain detrital and fragmental bedrock formations supply water copiously near Portland. The remaining bedrock formations, which together underlie most of the central lowland, are either impervious or yield water slowly or contain brackish water and brine. They supply numerous farm wells in the foothills but are not liekly to yield large supplies of fresh water from beneath the central lowland. In general the terrace deposit and related pediment gravel are thoroughly weathered and nearly impervious. At most places they yield water slowly and are not an adequate source of water for irrigation wells. The older alluvium and related deposits form the main lowland plain, some 1,100 square miles in extent between Eugene at the southern or upstream end and Canby at the downstream end. They rest on an eroded bedrock surface and range in thickness from a feather edge along the margins of the plain to a maximum 1 2 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. of about 300 feet. Their aggregate volume is estimated as not less than 80,000,- 000 acre-feet, or 23/£ cubic miles; their aggregate water-storage capacity is about 6,000,000 acre-feet. These deposits form a plain that is divided into two nearly equal segments separated by a rock-bound narrows about 21 miles long. The southern segment is composed of several broad alluvial fans and interven­ ing flats. In the fans especially, the older alluvium contains many lentils and tongues of clean gravel and sand that supply as much as 500 gallons of water a minute to wells of shallow or moderate depth and of the simplest construction. Efficiently constructed wells penetrating the full thickness of the deposit very probably would yield much more copiously. The water-bearing capacity of the older alluvium is not equal in all parts of this area; with respect to potential yield, several subdivisions of the area are delimited tentatively in the full text. In this southern segment of the plain, ground-water storage increases about 500,000 acre-feet each winter, chiefly by infiltration of rain; storage declines an equal amount during the summer and autumn, chiefly by drainage into the streams. By pumping from wells, a substantial fraction of this yearly ground-water incre­ ment can doubtless be salvaged for supplemental irrigation and other uses. At least two distinct sorts of ground-water bodies underlie the northern seg­ ment of the main plain: unconfined water that is semiperched at shallow depth beneath the "prairies" and confined water in extensive pervious zones, which in one typical well are about 70, 120, and 220 feet beneath the surface. These deeper pervious zones tend to feather out and to become less pervious toward the north and west; also, at some places they terminate by overlap against the impermeable bedrock. The semiperched water bodies are recharged by infiltration of rain on the main plain; they supply many domestic and farm wells but will not sustain large withdrawals for irrigation. The confined water presumably is derived from a catchment area to the south and east. It supplies wells that yield as much as 1,000 gallons a minute with maximum pumping lifts of about 60 feet. Doubtless it would supply several or many times its present draft, though increased with­ drawal inevitably will entail some increase in lift. Beneath the flood plains of the Willamette River and its principal tributaries, the younger alluvium is highly pervious at most places. It supplies as much as 1,000 gallons of water a minute to wells of simple construction and would doubt­ less sustain a much larger aggregate withdrawal. However, through the rock- bound narrows in the central part of the valley and at some other places where the alluvium is thin and rests directly on impervious bedrock, wells may not find a sufficient thickness of water-bearing material to yield water copiously, especially in late summer and autumn, when the ground-water level is lowest. In chemical character the water from all the unconsolidated deposits of the Willamette Valley is satisfactory for most uses. In 31 samples of water from these deposits, the hardness ranged from about 10 to 150 parts per million, so that softening or treating to prevent the formation of scale is not necessary for some uses and not unduly costly for any use. Some waters from these deposits contain an excessive amount of iron as much as 5.27 parts per million; water high in dissolved iron is most common in the older alluvium beneath the northern half of the main valley plain. At many places the bedrocks, especially the sedi­ mentary rocks of marine origin, yield water of excessive hardness or so concen­ trated in dissolved mineral constituents as to be unsatifactory for ordinary uses. INTRODUCTION LOCATION AND EXTENT OF TEE AREA The drainage basin of the Willamette River, the ground-water features of whose central and lower parts are described in this report, covers about 11,350 square miles in western Oregon (fig. 1). This INTRODUCTION 4 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

basin is approximately 170 miles long, from north to south, and as much as 100 miles wide. On the east it is bounded by the Cascade Range and on the west by the Coast Range; its northern and southern boundaries are largely in mountainous terrene of less relief. The central valley plains and adjacent terraces, known locally as the Willamette Valley, cover nearly 3,000 square miles; this part of the drainage area is represented on plates 1 and 2.

PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE INVESTIGATION The investigation wiiose findings are here presented was suggested by the Department of Soils, of the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, and was carried on by the Geological Survey, of the United States Department of the Interior. These two agencies have shared in the cost of the field work and of the preparation of this report for publication. The primary aim of the investigation was to determine the feasibility of recovering water from wells for irrigation on the extensive fertile lowland and in this way supplementing the natural supply of soil moisture which is deficient during the greater part of the growing season in most years. (See p. 14.) Such assurance of moisture for fully maturing the growing crops would aid materially in stabilizing agriculture in the area. Field work in the Willamette Valley was started by the writer in July 1928 and was continued during the remainder of that season and through the next. Critical hydrologic records were kept continuously until June 1930. Preparation of this report was deferred in favor of similar ground-water investigations of The Dalles region in the north-central part of Oregon, during 1930; 1 of the Harney Basin in the southeastern part, in 1930-32; 2 of the Walla Walla Basin in the northeastern part, in 1933 ; 3 and of cooperative preliminary studies in several small districts in the State. In 1935-36 the United States Engineer Department gathered many data on ground-water levels in the Willamette Valley; this work was supervised by the writer. This report was prepared in 1937-38 through renewed cooperation between the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station and the United States Geological Survey, utilizing all data from the field work of 1928-30 and 1935-36. The Willamette Valley is so extensive that the time spent in the field permitted only a moderately intensive study of broad ground-water features. Briefly, this involved reconnaissance mapping of the 1 Piper, A. M., Geology and ground-water resources of The Dalles region, Oregon: U. S. Qeol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 659, pp. 107-189, 1932. 2 Piper, A. M., Robinson, T.W.. and Park, C. F., Jr., Geology and ground-water resources of the Harney Basin, Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 841, 189 pp., 1910. 3 Piper, A. M., Robinson, T. W., and Thomas, H. E., Ground water in the Walla Walla Basin, Oregon- Washington: Supreme Court of the United States, October 1935, in equity, State of Washington vs. State of Oregon, Transcript of Record, stipulations and exhibits, pp. 72-142, Oct. 14,1935. INTRODUCTION 5 several unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age that form the low­ lands in the central part of the basin (pis. 1 and 2), keeping records of the construction and performance of typical wells, and periodically measuring the water level in a widespread net of observation wells. From these data, this report seeks to differentiate the several water­ bearing zones in depth below the land surface, in lateral extent, and in water-yielding capacity; to delimit the catchment areas from which the ground-water supply is replenished; and to evaluate the natural subdivisions of the lowland by relative capacity to sustain large withdrawals of water for irrigation and other purposes. The scope of the investigation does not afford a close estimate of the safe ground-water yield of the Willamette Valley that is, of the quantity that could be withdrawn year after year without eventually so deplet­ ing the supply that further withdrawal at that rate would become impossible or uneconomic.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Orderly progress in a regional field study such as that in the Willa­ mette Valley results in a large measure from cooperation by many persons on whom a writer is necessarily dependent. The drillers and owners of wells in the Willamette Valley have contributed many essential records. Among his colleagues in the Geological Survey, the writer is indebted to T. W. Robinson for temporary assistance in the field during 1929, to H. E. Thomas for a considerable share in com­ piling the geologic map (pis. 1 and 2) from the writer's field sheets, and to Margaret D. Foster for chemical analyses of water samples from representative wells (table 4). T. R. Cantine, W. E. Emrick, and Arthur King, temporary employees, recorded the fluctuations in ground-water level during the greater part of the 2-year period ending June 1930. The field work in the Willamette Valley and the preparation of this report were under the direction of O. E. Meinzer, geologist in charge of the Division of Ground Water, United States Geological Survey. To him the writer is grateful for technical counsel. Acknowledgment is due also to J. T. Jardine, director of the Oregon Agricultural Ex­ periment Station at the time, and to W. L. Powers, head of the De­ partment of Soils in that agency, for many courtesies which made the field work more effective.

BIBLIOGRAPHY The geologic features of the Willamette River basin with specific reference to ground-water resources had not been studied prior to 1928, nor had the areal geology been mapped. Nevertheless, the geologic literature on the area is fairly extensive. The following 6 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. bibliography notes the publications that are pertinent to the present investigation: ALLISON, I. S., Spokane flood south of Portland, Oreg. [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 57, p. 64, 1932; Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 43, pp. 133-134, 1932; Glacial erratics in the Willamette Valley: GeoJ. Soc. America Bull., vol. 46, pp. 615-632, 1935; Late Pleistocene topographic correlations on Pacific coast [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 63, p. 310, 1935; Geol. Soc. America Proc., 1935, p. 333, 1936; Pleistocene alluvial stages in northwestern Oregon: Science, new ser., vol. 83, pp. 441-443, 1936. ARNOLD, RALPH, and HANNIBAL, HAROLD, Marine Tertiary stratigraphy of the Pacific Coast of America: Am. Philos. Soc. Proc., vol. 52, pp. 559-605, 1913. BRETZ, J. H., Satsop formation of Oregon and Washington: Jour. Geology, vol. 25, pp. 446-458, 1917; Late Pleistocene submergence in the Columbia Valley of Oregon and Washington: Jour. Geology, vol. 27, pp. 489-506, 1919; Spokane flood beyond the channeled scablands: Jour. Geology, vol. 33, pp. 252-257, 1925; Bars of channeled scabland: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 39, pp. 643-702, 1928. BTTDDINGTON, A. F., an'd CALLAGHAN, EUGENE, Dioritic intrusive rocks and con­ tact metamorphism in the Cascade Range in Oregon: Am. Jour. Sci., 5th ser., vol. 31, pp. 421-449, 1936. BTTWALDA, J. P., Pleistocene and Recent topographic changes in the Pacific Coast States: Nat. Research Council Bull., No. 61, pp. 39-43, 1927. CALLAGHAN, EUGENE, Some features of the volcanic sequence in the Cascade Range in Oregon: Am. Geophys. Union Trans. 14th Ann. Meeting, 1933, pp. 243-249; Some aspects of the geology of the Cascade Range in Oregon [abstract]: Washington Acad. Sci. Jour., vol. 24, pp. 190-191, 1934. CALLAGHAN, EUGENE, and BUDDINGTON, A. F., Metalliferous mineral deposits of the Cascade Range in Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 893, pp. 7-22, 1938. CRANEY, R. W., Ecological significance of the Eagle Creek flora of the Columbia River Gorge: Jour. Geology, vol. 26, pp. 577-592, 1918; Further discussion of the ecological composition of the Eagle Creek flora [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 31, p. 222, 1920; The flora of the Eagle Creek formation: Chicago Univ., Walker Museum, Contr., vol. 2, pp. 115-181, 1920. CHANEY, R. W., and SANBORN, E. I., The Goshen flora of west-central Oregon: Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub. 439, Contr. Paleontology, 103 pp., 1933. CONDON, THOMAS, Willamette Sound: Overland Monthly, v©l. 7, pp. 468-473, 1871; Oregon geology: a revision of "The Two islands" (edited by E. C. McCornack), 187 pp., Portland, Oreg., J. K. Gill Co., 1910. CUSHMAN, J. A., and SCHENCK, H. G., Two foraminiferal faunules from the Oregon Tertiary: California Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 17, pp. 305- 324, 1928. DARTON, N. H., Structural materials in parts of Oregon and Washington: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 387, 33 pp., 1909. DILLEE, J. S., A geological reconnaissance in northwestern Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey 17th Ann. Rept., pt. 1, pp. 441-520, 1896. FELTS, W. M., Analysis of Willamette Valley fill [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 64, p. 69, 1935; Geol. Soc. America Proc. 1935, p. 346, 1936. HARRISON, G. D., and EATON, ARTHUR, Report on the investigation of oil and gas possibilities of western Oregon: Mineral Resources of Oregon, vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 3-37, Oregon Bur. Mines and Geology, 1920. HERTLEIN, L. G., and CRICKMAY, C. H., A summary of the nomenclature and stratigraphy of the marine Tertiary of Oregon and Washington: Am. Philos. Soc. Proc., vol. 64, pp. 224-282, 1925. INTRODUCTION 7

HODGE, E. T., Geology of Oregon Cascades [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 38, pp. 204-205, 1927; Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 47, p. 157, 1927; Composition and structure of the Cascade Mountains in central Oregon, [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 38, pp. 162-163, 1927; Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 47, p. 157, 1927; Mount Multnomah, ancient ancestor of the Three Sisters: Oregon Univ. Pub., vol. 3, No. 2, 160 pp., 1925 [abstract]; Am. Jour. Sci., 5th ser., vol. 13, p. 270, 1927; Age of Columbia River and lower canyon [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 44, pp. 156-157, 1933'; Geology of the lower Columbia River: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 49, pp. 839-888. 1938. HOWE, H. VAN W., Correlation of the Empire formation, Oregon [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 32, p. 147, 1921; Faunal and stratigraphic relations of the Empire formation, Coos Bay, Oreg.: California Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 14, pp. 85-114, 1922; Astoria, mid-Tertic type of Pacific coast: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 45, pp. 295-306, 1926. McCoRNACK, E. C., A study of Oregon Pleistocene: Oregon Univ. Bull., new ser., vol. 3, No. 5, 1906; Study of Oregon Pleistocene the Oregon Desmostylus skull: Oregon Univ. Bull., new ser., vol. 12, No. 2, p. 13, 1914; Contributions to the Pleistocene history of Oregon: Oregon Univ. Leaflet, Geology Bull.,. vol., 6, No. 3, 23 pp., 1920. PARKS, H. M., Road materials in the Willamette Valley: Oregon Bur. Mines Bull. 1, 63, pp , 1911. RATHBTJN, M. J., The fossil stalk-eyed Crustacea of the Pacific slope of North. America: U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 138, 155 pp., 1926. SCHENCK, H. G., A preliminary report on the geology of the Eugene quadrangle,. Lane and Linn Counties, Oreg.: Oregon Univ., unpublished thesis, 1923; Physiography of the Eugene quadrangle, Oregon [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 36, p. 203, 1925; Diatoms in western Oregon shales: Econ. Geology, vol. 22, pp. 565-568, 1927; Marine Oligocene of Oregon: Cali­ fornia Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 16, pp. 449-460, 1927; Stratigraphic relations of western Oregon Oligocene formations: California Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 18, pp. 1-50, 1928; The Pittsburg Bluff fauna of the Oregon Oligocene [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 40, pp. 163-164r 1929; Cephalopods of the genus Aturia from western North America: Cali­ fornia Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 19, pp. 435-490, 1931; Stratigraphic and fauna! relations of the Keasey formation of the Oligocene of Oregon: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 44, p. 217, 1933; Nuculid bivalves of the genus Acila: Geol. Soc. America Spec. Papers, No. 4, pp. 41-44, 1936. SCHENOK, H. G., and KLEJNPELL, R. M., Foraminifera from Gaviota formation [Calif.] [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 64, p. 76, 1935; Geol. Soc. America Proc., 1935, p. 352, 1936. SMITH, W. D., Petroleum possibilities of western Oregon: Econ. Geology, vol. 19, pp. 455-465, 1924. SMITH, W. D., Summary of the salient features of the Oregon Cascades: Oregon Univ. Bull., new ser., vol. 14, No. 16, 1917; [abstract] Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 29, p. 81, 1918. SMITH, W. D., and PACKARD, E. L., Salient features of the geology of Oregon: Oregon Univ. Bull., new ser., vol. 16, No. 7, 42 pp., 1919; Jour. Geology, vol. 27, pp. 79-120, 1919. THAYER, T. P., Structural relation of central Willamette Valley to Cascade Mountains [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 59, p. 317, 1933; Geol. Soc. America Proc. 1933, p. 315, 1934; Structure of North Santiam section of the Oregoi} Cascades [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 61, p. 319, 1934; Geol. 8 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Soc. America Proc., 1934, pp. 324-325, 1935; Structure of the North San- tiam River section of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon: Jour. Geology, vol. 44, pp. 701-716, 1936. WASHBTJKNE, CHESTER, Reconnaissance of the geology and oil prospects of northwestern Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 590, 108 pp., 1914. WELLS, F. G., and WATERS, A. C., Quicksilver deposits of southwestern Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 850, pp. 5-23, 1934. WILLIAMS, I. A., The Columbia River Gorge its geologic history interpreted from the Columbia River Highway: Mineral Resources of Oregon, vol. 2, No. 3, 130 pp., Oregon Bur. Mines and Geology, 1916.

SURFACE FEATURES OF THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY The Willamette River Basin has high relief and considerable diver­ sity in its land forms. With respect to major surface features it may be divided into three parts, coextensive with parts of three physio­ graphic sections of the United States as recognized by Fenneman.4 In order from west to east these are: (1) The Oregon Coast Range section of the Pacific Border province, which includes about 15 per­ cent of the basin; (2) the Puget Trough section, also of the Pacific Border province, whose part in Oregon covers about 25 percent of the basin and is roughly coextensive with the central lowland plains and terraces; and (3) the Middle Cascade Mountains section of the Sierra- Cascade province, which includes about 60 percent of the basin. The Oregon Coast Range is a mature land surface, deeply dissected by closely spaced branching valleys. Its sinuous crest trends gener­ ally northward, is between 5 and 25 miles west of the margin of the central lowland, and in greater part is not more than about 2,500 feet above sea level, or 2,000 feet above the lowland. Above this general crest level stand several isolated peaks such as Marys Peak, which lies west of Corvallis and attains an altitude of about 4,100 feet. From the general crest level, a succession of moderately sinuous ridges descend gently eastward toward the lowland and terminate commonly in a narrow belt of foothills. With the exception of certain narrow plains along the streams, all the range has been covered with a heavy stand of coniferous timber but extensive areas have been logged over or denuded by fire. In these denuded areas many larger tracts now support a vigorous second growth, and some tracts have been cleared for farming, especially in the foothills. The greater part of the Oregon Coast Range consists of sedimen­ tary rocks of Tertiary age, largely shale and earthy sandstone (see pp. 19-21), deformed by broad open folds. In these rocks the higher parts of the land surface commonly are rounded in contour, with pro­ files convex upward; conversely, the lower slopes of the valleys are smooth but steep and commonly are concave upward. Throughout the range, however, there are many bodies of igneous rock sheets Fenneman, N. M., Physiographic divisions of the United States: Assoc. Am. Geographers Annals, -vol. 18, pp. 261-353, map, 1928. SURFACE FEATURES 9 interbedded with the sedimentary rocks, both intrusive and extrusive; dikes of a wide range in thickness; and stocklike masses of modeiate size. These bodies account for scattered areas of moderately rugged topography and sharp constrictions at numerous places along the val­ leys. They also form the isolated peaks that rise above the general crest of the range. The Cascade Range is striking both in topography and in composi­ tion. .Much of the range is very rugged, is topographically young, and has been sculptured by glaciers as well as by streams; it is com­ posed almost entirely of igneous materials nonfragmental extrusive rocks, tuff and other pyroclastic rocks in a wide range of textures, and intrusive rocks of several petrographic types. Its highest peaks rise far above timber line and so form a discontinuous alpine zone. These features characterize a belt from 40 to 60 miles wide all along the eastern side of the basin. This belt, covering nearly 7,000 square miles, is somewhat more than twice as extensive as the central low­ land and four times as extensive as the eastern slope of the Coast Range. The Cascade Range within the Willamette River Basin represents two fairly distinct land forms. The western part, adjacent to the central lowland and as much as 25 miles wide, is a belt of mature foot­ hills and ridges in which certain older folded volcanic rocks are exten­ sive. Here the relief fully equals or somewhat surpasses that of the Coast Range. To the east, younger volcanic rocks rise to the divide, which, for the greater part of its length, is between 4,000 and 6,500 feet above sea level. On this higher part of the range, consequent streams flow generally westward in successive impressive canyons, commonly as much as 2,500 feet deep. Some interstream flats of moderate extent preserve the initial volcanic surface, which is moder­ ately smooth and of fairly uniform westward slope. Alined along and near the divide are several prominent volcanic peaks, commonly deeply scarred by alpine glaciers. Chief among these, in order from the north, are Mount Hood, which is 11,225 feet above sea level; Mount Jefferson, 10,485 feet; Three Fingered Jack, 7,848 feet (pi. 3, A) ; Mount Wash­ ington, 7,802 feet; the North Sister, Middle Sister, and South Sister (pi. 3, B), which are respectively 10,094 feet, 10,053 feet, and 10,354 feet above sea level; and Diamond Peak, 8,750 feet. Less promi­ nent volcanic peaks, younger than those just cited and unscarred by glaciers, are Olallie Butte, 7,210 feet above sea level; Belknap Crater, 6,877 feet; and Black Crater, 7,260 feet. These younger peaks are about midway along: the eastern ertee of the basin. The Willamette Valley, the lowland that lies between the two moun­ tainous areas just described, comprises a main valley plain, remnants of at least one higher terrace with a pediment and certain other related features, and relatively narrow trenches which are occupied by the 10 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Willamette River and its tributaries. These three parts of the low­ land make up the most extensive single agricultural area in Oregon. They are formed of unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age which, of all the rock formations in the basin, are those most likely to yield large supplies of water to wells. The main valley plain, which is coextensive with the older alluvium and related deposits shown on plates 1 and 2, has several distinctive parts, which can most readily be described in order downstream, or toward the north. The higher southern segment of the plain, which is one of two principal segments, begins at Eugene near the junction of the three principal headwater branches of the Willamette River (McKenzie River, Middle Fork, and Coast Fork) and extends north­ ward to Albany. Disregarding its tongues that extend into the border­ ing mountainous areas and the younger stream trenches by which it is traversed, this segment of the plain is about 40 miles long and from 9 to 20 miles wide. It is from 360 to 450 feet above sea level at its southern end and from 225 to 300 feet at its northern end. Thus, its average northward slope is about 3.5 feet to the mile. In the main, it is formed by a succession of broad alluvial fans that spread outward from the mountain valleys to the east and that coalesce along their outer margins. On these fans the land surface slopes radially north­ ward and westward from 6 to 11 feet to the mile. Each fan is traversed by numerous faint ephemeral drains, the radiating distributaries of streams that existed while the plain was being built. Between the fans and rather generally along the western margin of the lowland, the plain includes smooth areas that slope northward as little as 2 feet to the mile. From Albany to Salem, a distance of 20 miles, the main valley plain is sharply constricted by outlying rock hills, to a width in places of as little as 2% miles. The average northward gradient is about 2.7 feet to the mile. At Salem the plain widens abruptly into its northern principal seg­ ment, which extends northward another 22 to 28 miles, to McMinn- ville, Newberg, and Canby and somewhat beyond. This segment of the plain is from 9 to 25 miles wide. It comprises several "prairies" that are remarkably flat. Near Salem the plain is about 200 feet above sea level; in the vicinity of Canby, at its northeast corner, from 185 to 190 feet; and near McMinnville, about 155 feet. Thus the average slope, from which no extensive part of the segment deviates materially, is about 2.4 feet to the mile; the direction of slope is N. 50° W., which is across the general course of the Willamette River in that vicinity and toward an alcove in the rock hills that bound the lowland. Obviously, the surface form of this northern segment of the plain is not a product of ordinary stream aggradation. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATEH-STTPPLY FAPER 890 PLATE 3

A. THREE-FINGERED JACK. B. THREE SISTERS. Viewed southward across Marion Lake. Viewed southward from McKenzie Pass across a young lava field.

SURFACE FEATURES 11

Still farther north, the main lowland plain divides into several inter­ lacing tongues that reunite near the southern edge of Portland, some 15 miles upstream from the mouth of the Willamette River. These tongues are commonly less than a mile wide and are of uneven grade. Apparently they are a product of stream aggradation along valleys that are now occupied in part by the Willamette River and its lower tributaries, Chehalem Creek, Tualatin River, and Clackamas River. Attached to the plexus of tongues just described and largely north of the Tualatin River is another plain of moderate extent, a topographic analog of the main lowland plain of the Willamette Valley. This plain, the most northerly of those drained by the Willamette River, is known locally as the Tualatin Valley. Beneath the main lowland plain of the Willamette Valley, the groundwater conditions are rather diverse. On this diversity the plain is divided into 20 subareas, which are described on pages 41-54. From 30 to 100 feet higher than the main lowland plain and scattered widely along both its eastern and western margins are remnants of a terrace, which in large part is formed by stream deposits that are delimited on the geologic map (pis. 1 and 2). Corresponding terrace remnants occur along the major tributaries of the Willamette River far upstream beyond the area represented by the map. Related to these terraces in origin are certain older alluvial surfaces, notably a dissected pediment which, in the vicinity of the Molalla River, rises. as much as 300 feet above the ,main lowland. Possibly related in origin is the so-called Portland delta, which occupies the angle between the Willamette and Columbia Rivers and which is analogous to a'n extensive plain still farther north, in Washington. All these terrace- remnants and related surfaces have been dissected to moderate depth,, and so their initial form and grade have been modified considerably. Cut into the main lowland plain are certain trenches that ordinarily are floored with young alluvium (pis. 1 and 2); these are occupied by the Willamette River and its major tributaries. Between Eugene at the southern end of the main lowland and Newberg at the northern end, the inner trench of the Willamette River ranges between 0.5 mile and 4 miles in width. From Eugene northward to Albany, its. floor slopes equally with the main plain but is from 5 to 15 feet lower. Farther north, owing to difference in grade, the trench deepens gradu­ ally until at Newberg its floor is about 80 feet below the main lowland plain. Characteristically the floor is gently undulating, is dotted with oxbow lakes, and is traversed by many channels that are occupied' by the river during freshets. It affords some of the most fertile land of the entire valley. Downstream from Newberg the trench becomes; steadily narrower, and near Canby, at the northeastern corner of the- main plain, it passes into a rock-bound narrows that extends throughi

408526 42 2 12 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Oregon City to the southern edge of Portland, within 14 miles of the mouth of the river. Similar trenches, rather widely spaced over all the main lowland plain, are occupied by the larger tributaries of the Willamette River. One trench is unique in that it is not now occupied by a single perennial stream. This trench trends northeastward across the northern seg­ ment of the main plain, from the trench of the Willamette River near Salem to that of the Pudding River near Mount Angel. It is notably shallower than the two stream-occupied trenches that it connects. Doubtless it was once occupied by an ancestral Willamette River but was abandoned by that stream early in the epoch of trenching. CLIMATE 5 The broad lowland of the Willamette River Basin has a relatively equable climate, characterized by warm dry summers and cool winters with moderately abundant rain and some snow. These characteristics are shown by table 1, which assembles averages and extremes of the principal climatic elements for Portland, at the northern end of the basin. 6 Adapted to this report from a statement by E. L. Wells in U. S. Dept. Agr., Weather Bur., Climate summary of the United States, sec. 3, Western Oregon, 1936. TABLE 1. Monthly, seasonal, and yearly averages and extremes of climatic elements at Portland, Oreg., in the period ending with 1930 [From publication of United States Weather Bureau]

Temparature (°F.) Precipitation ' (inches) Relative humidity Sunshine Pre­ Num­ Snow vail­ Aver­ Aver­ Per­ Month Abso­ Abso­ ber of Total Total ing Aver­ age of age of Highest Lowest ' Aver­ days amount amount Great­ Noon, Aver­ cent­ wind the lute the lute monthly monthly with for the for the 8a.m.2 local Sp.m.s age age of direc­ age maxi­ maxi­ mini­ mini­ age Aver­ est pos­ mum mum average average 0.01 driest wettest age amount time 3 hours tion ma ma inch or year year amount in 24 sible more hours

Length of record 59 56 57 56 57 59 59 60 59 60 60 59 46 43 15 43 40 40 59 41 46 65 37 3 48 32 6.7 19 8.8 20.15.1" 3.5 14.0 86 77 80 62 23 SE. 39 44 62 34 __ Q 46 28 6.4 19 3.5 5.9 15.0 86 77 79 72 26 S. 42 48 68 36 7 49 32 5.3 17 1.0 10.5 3.3 11.3 85 74 72 97 33 S. Winter..... 41 46 68 36 -2 18.4 55 13.3 35.7 12.7 15.0 86 76 77 231 27 S. 47 55 83 40 20 54 40 4.5 17 2.9 2.5 .7 4.0 85 67 62 150 41 NW. 52 61 93 43 28 60 46 3.0 15 4.1 4.6 T .2 84 58 54 194 48 NW. 57 67 99 48 32 62 51 2.2 13 1.1 1.8 T T 84 56 52 234 51 NW. 52 61 99 44 20 9.7 45 8.1 8.9 .7 4.0 84 60 56 578 47 NW. 62 72 101 53 39 67 58 1.6 10 2.2 1.9 .0 .0 82 54 51 263 56 NW. July ...... 67 78 104 56 43 72 63 .6 3 T 1.0 .0 .0 82 53 45 336 70 NW. 67 78 98 56 43 71 62 .6 4 .2 .1 .0 .0 84 54 47 290 66 NW. Summer _ _ 65 76 104 55 39 2.8 17 2.4 3.0 .0 .0 83 54 48 889 64 NW. 62 71 97 52 35 67 57 1.8 8 .3 .9 .0 .0 86 57 54 197 53 NW. 54 62 86 47 30 59 50 3.2 12 1.3 11.6 .0 .0 89 66 66 146 43 NW. 46 52 73 41 11 52 39 6.3 17 .7 7.1 .5 3.0 88 73 77 76 27 S. Fall. __-___. 54 62 97 47 11 11.3 37 2.3 19.6 .5 3.0 £8 65 66 419 41 NW. 53 61 104 45 -2 42.2 154 26.1 67.2 13.9 15.0 85 64 62 2,117 45 NW.

Less than 0.01 inch. 2 75th meridian time. 3 120th meridian tune. 14 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Over most of the lowland the yearly average temperature is between 51° and 53° F. The average of the highest temperatures in midsum­ mer (July) ranges from about 78° to 84°. Though temperatures above 100° have occurred in nearly all parts of the area, they are always attended by low relative humidity and are almost always followed by cool nights. Thus, the average of the lowest temperatures in July ranges between 48° and 56°. Killing frost seldom occurs in the season when tender crops are growing. Table 2 gives monthly temperatures at five climatologic stations along the middle of the valley, from Portland at the north to Eugene at the south. (See fig. 1.)

TABLE 2. Monthly temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, in the period ending with 1930 [Data from publications of the United States Weather Bureau]

Portland Salem Albany Corvallis Eugene

s> o> a; OJ 41 bfl bfl he 60 bfl -4-3 I 0 03 1 a lH a (H a I* a tJ bji 0 I hi) Qj & bfl 1 bfl 1 bfl Qj 1 > 0 > o > o o > 2

Length of record (years)., _ ... . 57 59 57 38 38 38 36 47 36 41 41 41 36 39 36 62 39.1 -2 68 39.6 -5 68 39.3 -3 64 38.9 -1 69 40.0 6 68 42.2 7 68 42.6 -4 69 42.4 2 69 42.0 -5 74 42.9 0 83 47.2 20 80 46.3 22 81 46.8 9 82 45.6 13 80 46.1 18 93 51.9 28 93 51.0 27 91 51.3 25 91 50.2 24 89 50.7 26 May ...... 99 57.3 32 94 56.1 31 98 56.7 29 95 55.1 28 91 55.3 30 101 62.2 39 100 61.6 32 103 61.6 32 102 60. 4 32 100 60.4 34 July...... 104 67.2 43 108 66.7 35 104 66.6 35 102 65.7 35 104 65.8 39 98 66.9 43 105 66.7 30 103 66.1 40 102 65.8 37 99 65.7 35 97 61.7 35 97 60.8 32 98 60.2 29 96 60.2 26 96 60.2 30 86 54.5 30 89 53.8 23 86 52.7 25 85 52.9 23 84 53.3 25 73 46.3 11 70 45.8 12 72 45.2 18 73 45.2 10 75 46.3 12 65 41.2 3 72 40.8 -6 64 40.4 -15 62 40.2 -14 67 40.8 -4 104 53. 1 -2 108 52.6 -6 104 52.4 -15 102 51.8 -14 104 52.3 -4

The precipitation on the lowland, rain for the most part, occurs largely in the winter and early spring; even in the wettest year of record at Portland, 1882, the summer rainfall was only 2.9 inches or 4.3 percent of the precipitation in that year and 7.4 percent of the average yearly precipitation. Thus in most years rainfall is not sufficient to assure full maturing of crops, and supplemental irrigation has been found profitable. Figure 2 and table 3 show this marked seasonal distribution of rainfall and snowfall, which is so character­ istic of the entire Willairette River Basin. Most of the precipitation occurs as gentle rains. The average annual number of days with 0.01 inch or more of precipitation is from about 130 to 160. However, between May and September precipitation at excessive rates occasion­ ally continues for an hour or less and usually between November and February it continues for a day or more. (See table 4.) Some snow falls every winter, but it seldom remains on the ground more than a few days. CLIMATE 15

FIGURE 2. Maximum, average, and minimum monthly rainfall at three climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1896-1935. 16 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 3. Maximum, average, and minimum monthly and yearly rainfall and snowfall, in inches, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1896-1935 [Data from publications of United States Weather Bureau]

Portland Salem Albany Corvallis Eugene

January: i 11. 53 1 10. 17 111.90 13.61 1 10. 07 5.87 5.40 6.03 6.44 5.47 22.54 1.30 22.71 1.99 2.14 February: i 11. 08 '9.47 i 12.20 15.23 12.10 4.55 4.47 4.93 5.15 4.49 .16 .34 .15 .12 .10 March: i 10. 57 1 9.96 1 10. 44 11.70 10.49 3.94 3.81 4.13 4.16 3.98 .63 .59 2.58 .43 .40 April: >5.3G 16.12 15.55 16.98 15.89 2.65 2.41 2.50 2.46 2.60 .80 .48 .56 .26 .43 May: 14.66 15.54 5.81 5.71 4.76 1.95 1.92 2.08 1.78 2.32 .45 .25 .34 . 19 .19 June: 14.24 13.48 13.44 13.35 '4.31 1.40 1.18 1.25 1.12 1.48 .07 .00 .02 .00 .02 July: 2.55 2.72 3.31 2.34 3.38 .52 .39 .42 .31 .36 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 August: 3.39 2.91 3.20 2.76 3.14 .64 .45 .56 .46 .49 .00 . .00 .00 .00 September: 5.52 4.84 15.02 5.40 5.21 1.88 1.71 1.77 1.64 1.92 2.11 .01 .01 Trace .12 October: 15.50 8.31 16.67 7.60 7.77 2.82 2.94 2.93 2.94 2.75 2.02 .00 .03 Trace 2.04 November: i 13. 12 16.99 12.50 16.69 11.86 6.54 6.21 6.92 7.09 5.96 2.67 2.63 2.53 2.30 2.80 December: . i 17. 54 17. 54 1 13. 84 14. 15 13.38 6.50 6.33 6.38 6.85 5.77 22.56 1.95 1.91 2.33 2.01 Annual '; . \ '. i 52. 85 i 54. 93 i 57. 15 i 57. 76 i 51. 50 3 39. 26 37.22 39.90 40.40 37, 5& 26.11 24.56 26.67 23.68 26.39

1 Greater in 1 or more additional years of record. 2 Less in 1 or more additional years of record. 3 For the 66-year period 1872-1937 the yearly average is 42.24 inches. CLIMATE 17

TABLE 4. Maximum rates of precipitation, in inches, at Portland, Or eg., in the period ending with 1930 [From publication of United States Weather Bureau] s

2 S & o t» ftS 'a? Duration .. S m 1 S3 1 If S B a p -2 ft 3 ,0 M S ^ S §~^ S S?03 p ti? ft o o § S03 a o> .c ^ & * S 5 * ^5 to O fc O EI

5 minutes .... 41 0.14 0.13 0.10 0.17 0.21 0.28 0.26 0.40 0.28 0.21 0.14 0.14 0.49 10 minutes - - 41 .20 .18 .17 .26 .37 .46 .31 .70 .53 .22 .23 .18 .70 1 5 minutes _ _ 41 .23 .20 .20 .34 .37 .64 .39 .83 .61 .23 .23 .20 .83 30 minutes __ 41 .27 .24 .28 .35 .37 1.06 .69 1.10 .69 .32 .28 .28 1.10 1 hour__ __ _ 41 .50 .32 .46 .43 .59 1.31 .82 1.25 .87 .49 .49 .42 1.31 2 hours 41 .92 .50 .64 .55 .59 1.74 .93 1.25 1.09 .64 .84 .64 1.74 24 hours, 59 6.86 3.81 2.44 1.92 1.83 2.07 1.35 1.75 2.88 2.96 4.43 7.66 7.6& 72 hours... ._ 59 7.74 7.39 5.49 2.16 2.75 2.22 2.12 1.77 3.28 5.42 6.71 10.81 10.81

The average yearly precipitation is about 40 inches over most of the lowland, but in the foothills to the west and east it increases to about 70 inches. Table 3 shows the monthly averages and yearly averages for a common 40-year period, from 1896 to 1935, for the five climatologic stations that lie along the middle of the valley. With table 5, it shows further that during the 40-year period the yearly precipitation has ranged from about 60 to about 145 percent of the average. At Portland, whose record of yearly precipitation began in 1872, the greatest yearly precipitation yet recorded is even greater, 171 percent of the 40-year average.

TABLE 5. 'Yearly rainfall and snowfall, in inches, and surplus ( + ) or deficiency ( ) with respect to 40-year average, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1872-1937 [Data from publications of United States Weather Bureau]

Portland Salem Albany Corvallis Eugene

Year Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ ciency ciency ciency ciency ciency

40 40 1872 46.90 +7.64 1873--... ______50.52 +11. 26 1874 46.17 +6.91 1876 60.10 +20.84 1876 54.94 +15.68 1877 58.30 +19. 04 1878 47.70 +8.44 1879 62.22 +22. 96 50.14 +10. 24 1880 51.87 +12. 61 41.57 +1.67 1881 ______57.05 +17. 79 59.59 +19. 69 1882----.-..-. . 67.24 +27. 98 45.96 +6.06 1883 51.45 +12. 19 39.39 -.51 1884 38. 31 -.95 45.22 +5.32 1886 39.59 +.33 36.93 -2.97 1 1896 to 1935, inclusive. 18 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 5. Yearly rainfall and snowfall, in inches, and surplus (+) or deficiency ( ) with respect to 40-year average, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1872-1937 Continued

Portland Salfem Albany Corvallis Eugene

Year Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ ciency ciency ciency ciency ciency

1886 38.76 -.50 38.38 -1.52 1887 54.17 +14. 91 57.62 +17. 72 1888 38.76 -.50 35.91 -3.99 1899 . 31.76 -7.50 33.84 -6.06 1890 40.38 +1.12 40.02 +.12 34.82 -5.58 1891 47.41 +8.15 53.39 +13. 49 44.99 +4.59 44.76 +7.17 1892 33.58 -5.68 37.93 -1.97 31.88 -8.52 29.25 -8.34 1893------...... --. 39.03 -.23 49.08 +11. 86 46.07 +6.17 43.04 +2.64 42.02 +4.43 1894 39.32 +.06 48.62 +11.40 49.86 +9.96 46.44 +6.04 1895 30.76 -8.50 47.13 +9.91 47.48 +7.58 43.74 +3.34 37.03 -.56 1896...... 44.13 +4.87 54.93 +17. 71 57.15 +17. 25 57.76 +17. 36 48.47 +10.88 1897...... 43.01 +3.75 46.53 +9.31 50.19 +10. 29 43.61 +3.21 40.55 +2.96 1898 33.90 -5.36 34.19 -3.03 36.22 -3.68 35.02 -5.38 27.16 -10.43 1899 42.21 +2.95 48.12 +10. 90 46.99 +7.09 46.69 +9.29 41.28 +3.69 1900 38.22 -1.04 37.22 .00 38.88 -1.02 38.49 -1.91 40.89 +3.30 1901- 41.05 +1.79 37.42 +.20 38.89 -1.01 41.36 +.96 40.01 +2.42 1902 .... . 50.15 +10.89 42.55 +5.33 52.94 +13. 04 54.02 +13. 62 51.50 +13. 91 1903 35.62 -3.64 24.56 -12.66 33.65 -6.25 34.13 -6.27 34.21 -3.38 1904 46.37 +7.11 42.08 +4.86 49.41 +9.51 56.21 +15. 81 50.71 +13. 12 1905 34.10 -5.16 28.49 ' -8. 73 30.19 -9.71 34.39 -6.01 29.95 -7.64 1906---.-. ------43.29 +4.03 34.01 -3.21 40.72 +.82 45.71 +5.31 37.55 -.04 1907 42.89 +3.63 37.10 -.12 44.44 +4.54 50.23 +9.83 46.27 +8.68 1908 . 34.37 -4.89 26.76 -10. 46 28.54 -11.36 33.29 -7.11 27.22 -10.37 1909 43.75 +4.49 39.59 +2.37 43.70 +3.80 50.31 +9.91 39.16 +1.57 1910 38.65 -.61 31.89 -5.33 38.30 -1.60 37.64 -2.76 33.20 -4.39 1911 33.28 -5.98 27.55 -9.67 34.11 -5.79 38.46 -1.94 30.21 -7.38 1912 43.47 +4.21 35.72 -1.50 46.68 +6.78 46.81 +6.41 43.58 +5.99 1913..--. _._..-. 36.30 -2.96 31.75 -5.47 35.37 -4.53 35.76 -4.64 31.66 -5.93 1914 36.67 -2.59 35.87 -1.35 44.24 +4.34 44.13 +3.73 35.22 -2.37 1915 41.30 +2.04 32.55 -4.67 40.12 +.22 36.82 -3.58 39.83 +2.24 1916 45.77 +6.51 45.76 +8.54 47.74 +7.84 46.65 +6.25 48.18 +10. 59 1917 40.50 +1.24 32.82 -4.40 39.50 -.40 39.13 -1.27 41.17 +3.58 1918 31.50 -7.76 27.92 -9.30 34.31 -5.59 33. 52 -6.88 31.40 -6.19 1919-..-.. ---.... 45.70 +6.44 41.01 +3.79 52.85 +12. 95 50.57 +10. 17 46.27 +8.68 1920 41.17 +1.91 40.78 +3.56 38.59 -1.31 37.12 -3.28 40.67 +3.08 1921 . -..------43.21 +3.95 43.12 +5.90 44.59 +4.69 41.05 +.65 36.60 -.99 1922-- --. 38.76 -.50 38.03 +.81 38.99 -.91 38.45 -1.95 37.06 -.53 1923. _.__. _ . 32.81 -6.45 33.53 3-.69 36.00 -3.90 37.07 -3. 83 33.05 -4.54 1924 31.22 -8.04 33.15 -4.07 33.72 -6.18 37.87 -2.53 35.88 -1.71 1925 . 31.36 -7.90 33.32 -3.90 34.18 -5.72 34.07 -6.33 33.70 -3.89 1926 . 41.17 +1.91 39.17 +1.95 37.87 -2.03 40.04 -.36 41.16 +3.57 1927 45.78 +6.52 43.43 +6.21 44.60 +4.70 47.87 +7.47 43.58 +5.99 1928- - __ .... 34.69 -4.57 38.03 +.81 37.97 -1.93 39.87 -.53 34.91 -2.68 1929 26.11 -13.15 26.40 -10.82 27.03 -12.87 24.45 -15. 95 32.10 -5.49 1930 27.16 -12. 10 30.05 -7.17 26.67 -13.23 23.68 -16.72 26.39 -11.20 1931 . 42.68 +3.42 48.64 +11. 42 41.89 +1.99 39.13 -1.27 36.78 -.81 1932 ...... 39.98 +.72 42.06 +4.84 40.30 +.40 36.94 -3.46 36.22 -1.37 1933 52.85 +13. 59 52.56 +15.34 43.20 +3.30 42.59 +2.19 36.01 -1.58 1934 45.98 +6.72 39.41 +2.19 38.10 -1.80 35.42 -4.98 34.99 -2.60 1935-- 29.19 -10.07 30.90 -6.32 27.77 -12. 13 26.35 -14.05 28.91 -8.68 1936 34.29 -4.97 33.61 3.61 32.23 -7.67 32.11 -8.29 34.02 -3.57 1937--.--..------. 56.85 +17. 59 63.50 +26.28 57.44 +17. 54 58.06 +17. 66 55.21 +17. 62 CONSOLIDATED AND SEMICONSOLIDATED ROCKS 19

The prevailing wind is from the north and northwest in summer and from the south and southwest in winter, but the variation in wind direction is moderate. Winds from the south and southwest attain the greatest velocities but are seldom destructive. In and near the mouth of the Columbia Gorge east winds prevail at times; these are cold in winter and warm at other times. The climatic features of the lowland and adjacent foothills, just described, do not apply to the mountainous terrane on either side. Thus, to the east, the extensive west slope of the Cascade Range is, on the average, appreciably cooler than the lowland, though the extremes of temperature are not materially lower. There the aver­ age yearly temperature ranges from about 44° to 51° F. On this mountain slope the yearly precipitation is generally more than 50 inches, and some small areas near Mount Hood receive more than 100 inches. In some winters a large part of the precipitation is rain, but considerable snow falls at times; the average yearly snowfall at the several stations ranges from about 14 inches to 300 inches or more. Most of the higher part of the range probably has an average yearly temperature of less than 42°; some of the highest peaks probably less than 32°. Nevertheless, the highest temperatures are greater .than those along the Pacific coast, to the west, and the lowest temperatures are not so low as at some localities on the high semiarid plains to the east. Snow accumulates to great depths, the average at recording stations being from 200 to 300 inches and more. Permanent snow fields and alpine glaciers (see pi. 4, A) exist on several of the highest peaks. Across the valley, on the lower and less extensive east slope of the Coast Range, there is much variation in climate. The average yearly temperature is generally less than 50° and the average yearly precipi­ tation is 50 inches or more. In winter there is considerable freezing weather, and at some places snow accumulates to a considerable depth.

GEOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY OF THE CONSOLIDATED AND SEMICONSOLIDATED ROCKS GENERAL CHARACTER, SUCCESSION, AND AGE OF THE ROCKS The rocks that form the foothills and mountains on both sides of the central Willamette lowland and that pass beneath the unconsoli- dated deposits of the lowland include fine-grained marine and terres­ trial sedimentary rocks, fragmental and" nonfragmental igneous rocks, and some coarse-grained terrestrial deposits. The marine sedimen­ tary rocks are chiefly shale and earthy sandstone of Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene (?) age. These make up the greater part of the Coast Range west of the lowland, where they are associated with basaltic extrusive rocks of Miocene (?) age and with intrusive rocks. This 20 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

succession of marine sedimentary rocks and igneous rocks extends eastward beneath nearly all the lowland and, at some places, into the lowest foothills of the Cascade Range. At the very southern end of the central lowland, the sedimentary rocks of latest Eocene and Oligo- cene age are partly marine and partly nonmarine in origin, as though the seashore of that time oscillated repeatedly across that area. Fragmental and nonfragmental volcanic rocks form nearly all the Cascade Range except the lowest part of the most westerly foothills. These rocks are the products of volcanic activity that began in the Oligocene (?) epoch, continued itermittently during the remainder of the Tertiary and far into the Pleistocene, then waned in latest Pleistocene or Recent time. The rocks are largely basalt or andesite and include both nonfragmental flow rocks and fragmental rocks that range from unstratified or poorly stratified coarse agglomerate to fine­ grained well-stratified tuff. The coarse-grained terrestrial deposits occur in the northeastern part of the Willamette Valley, in the vicinity of Portland. They are underlain and overlain by volcanic rocks and are of Pliocene or early Pleistocene age. The accompanying table shows the character, stratigraphic sequence, and .general water-bearing properties of the rock formations that occur along the margin of the central Willamette lowland. These several formations were not mapped separately but are included under one symbol on plates 1 and 2.

STRUCTURE The structure of the rocks that surround the central lowland of the Willamette River Basin was not mapped by the writer. ISlo horizon markers can be traced over extensive areas, and dense forest and brush and a thick mantle of nondescript detritus cover most of the basin except the highest part of the Cascade Range. IS evertheless, some general features of the structure can be summarized. Probably late in the Miocene epoch the region was gently compressed and its rocks were thrown into broad open folds, seemingly with few or no normal faults of consequence and, so far as is now known, with no close or overturned folds or thrust faults. As is pointed out by Callaghan and Buddington,6 with citations to earlier workers, the most con­ spicuous structural feature of the rocks adjacent to the central low­ land is the gentle eastward or northeastward dip, commonly about 10°, that prevails south of the Santiam River. To the north, along the east flank of the lowland, the general dip changes to the northwest and maintains that direction nearly or quite to the Columbia River. West of the lowland, in the flank of the Coast Range, the prevailing dip continues generally eastward. These structural features coordi- , Eugene; ajid Buddington, A. F., Metalliferous mineral deposits of the Cascade Range in Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 8S3, pp. 18-20, 1938. CONSOLIDATED AND SEMICONSQLIDATED ROCKS 21

nate with the western two of four broad folds that have been traced by Thayer 7 in the region east of Salem; in order from the west, these two folds are the Willamette syncline and the Mehama anticline. The projected axes of these folds diverge northward from a common point near Eugene; the syncline trends about N. 15° E. through the Stayton Basin to Portland, whereas the anticline trends about N. 30° E. toward Wyeth, which is on the Columbia River some 40 miles east bf Portland. In the region between the Santiam and Clackamas Rivers, both axes plunge gradually northward. Thus, at the southern end of tLe lowland the two folds begin as minor flexures on the general monocline near Eugene; toward the north they gradually broaden and increase in amplitude. Immediately west of Portland the Tualatin Valley discloses struc­ tural features seemingly unlike any others now known in the region a relatively narrow anticline and a sharply folded syncline that plunge about S. 45° E. across the axes of the broad regional folds just described. The syncline may be faulted. The form of these struc­ tural features is not known in detail, especially in the vicinity of Oregon City, where they meet the Willamette syncline, described by Thayer. In general, the Tualatin Valley appears to have formed along the anticlinal axis, where erosion breached the resistant basalt of Miocene age and then planed rather widely into the underlying shale. All the structural features so far described are tentatively ascribed to the one period of deformation late in the Miocene epoch. How­ ever, the region probably has not been wholly stable in all subsequent time, for during the Pleistocene or glacial epoch much of the Pacific coast region in Oregon and Washington has oscillated through a vertical range of 1,000 feet or more with respect to present sea level. Some features of the Willamette River Basin suggest that the region was again deformed just before the bulk of the unconsolidated valley fill was deposited, possibly between the two periods of sedimentation that are represented by the terrace deposits and the older alluvium. (See pp. 28,32.) However, this late deformation cannot now be demonstrated with assurance. ' Thayer, T. P., Structure of the North Santiam River section of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon' Jour. Geology, vo]. 44, pp. 701-716,1936. 22 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 6. Stratigraphic sections^atildbjentifal water-bearing properties of consolidated {Stratigraphy largely after Hodge (1933,1938), Schenok

Coast Range

Northern half Southern half

YAKIMA BASALT 1,000± feet,. Interfingering flow layers with scoria partings. Weathered as much as 100 feet below the land surface. Caps highest ridges on north, east, and south sides of the Tualatin Valley, such as Portland Heights and Chehalem Mountains; also out­ liers in the valley, such as Cooper and Bull Mountains. Between Oregon Oity and New- berg forms ridges such as Petes and Parrett Mountains. Water-bearing properties described under Santiam River section. Unconformity Unconformity

PITTSBURG BLUFF SANDSTONE OF SCHENCK EUGENE FORMATION 3,000± feet. Massive marine sandstone (at 5,000± feet. Sandstone, sandy shale, shale, type locality on the Nehalem River in sec. conglomerate, and tuff; marine and non- 23, T. 5 N., R. 4 W.), also sandy shale enclos­ marineorigin. Intruded by dikes and sills (?) ing lentils of dense sandstone. of basalt. North and west flanks of the Tualatin Valley; Forms much of foothill area in vicinity of probably underlies the unconsolidated fill Eugene, in Tps. 17 and 18 S., K. 3 W. in much of that valley. Yields a little water from a few beds only. Mostly not water-bearing. Unconformity Unconformity

KEASET SHALE OF SCHENCK FISHER FORMATION OF SCHENCK 1,000+feet. Sandy and tuffaceousshale.bluish 1,500± feet in type locality (sec. 12, T. 18 S., and black; some concretionary zones and R. 5 W.); thins northward. Agglomerate, dense sandstone lentils; of marine origin. tuff, clay, sand, and gravel; of nonmarine Lower Gales Creek valley near Forest Grove. origin. Probably will yield little water. Foothills west of Eugene. Probably will yield little water. Unconformity SEDIMENTARY ROCKS EQUIVALENT IN GENERAL TO TYEE SANDSTONE AND BURFEE FORMATION OF SCHENCK 3,000-5,000± feet. Marine feldspathic sand­ stone interbedded with micaceous shale and sandy shale. Intruded by basic igneous rocks. Foothills west of central lowland southward from Dallas (Tps. 7-18 S.). Discontinuous pervious beds yield water slowly; brackish water and brine in some shallow beds and probably in all deep beds. CONSOLIDATED AND SEMICONSOLIDATED ROCKS 23

and semiconsolidated rocks bounding the central lowland of the Willamette River Basin (1927, 1933, 1936), W. D. Smith (1924), and Thayer (1933)]

Cascade Range

Vicinity of Portland Santiam River section

CASCADE AND EHODODENDEON FOEMATIONS Of HODGE 50-500+ feet. Basaltic andesite flow rocks over­ -Unconformity (?) lying and fingering into andesitic agglomerate and tuff. Volcanic outliers such as Mount Scott, Mount FERN EIDGE TUFFS OF THAYEE Tabor (in part), and Rocky Butte. Flow rocks yield some water from discontinuous crevices: most of the agglomerate and tuff not water-bearing.

TBOUTDALE FOEMATION OF HODGE Maximum 300+ feet. Nonmarine semiconsoli­ dated sandstone, grit, and conglomerate; grains largely from volcanic rocks but conglomerate contains quartzite pebbles at many places. East of Portland, according to Hodge, formed as a piedmont fan thinning eastward into the lower part of the Rhododendron formation; south of Clackamas River may grade into soft siltstone. Bluffs along lower Sandy River near Troutdale and lower Clackamas River; also terraces west of Willamette River in Portland. Probably under­ lies much of east Portland. Some coarse beds yield water freely. Unconformity

YAKIMA BASALT (COLUMBIA EIVEE BASALT OF HODGE) STATION LAVAS OF THATEE 2,000± feet. Interfingering flow layers as much as 400± feet. Basaltic flow rocks, commonly weath­ 200 feet thick, commonly parted by scoria. ered as much as 50 feet below the land surface. Form eastern dip slopes of Salem and Eola Hills, outliers in northern half of central lowland. Yields small water supplies from bottom of wea­ thered zone. Some deep wells yield as much as 1 second-foot from discontinuous scoriaceous zones, but other wells are dry.

Unconformity

IUAHE FOEMATION OF THAYEE 200+ feet. Tuffaceous shale of near-shore marine origin. West and south flanks of Salem and Eola Hills. Probably will yield little water. 24 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

WATER-BEARING PROPERTIES The youngest or uppermost consolidated and semiconsolidated rocks the Cascade, Rhododendron, and Troutdale formations of Hodge border and underlie only the northernmost part of the central lowland, from Portland southward to Oregon City and beneath the Molalla pediment. The Cascade and Rhododendron formations, which are volcanic, form outliers in east Portland, such as Rocky Butte, part of Mount Tabor, and Kelly Butte; a few miles to the south, they also form Mount Scott and the contiguous volcanic terrane that lies between Johnson Creek and the Clackamas River. Little is known regarding the water-bearing properties of these two formations. The flow rocks and accompanying scoria yield some water from discontinuous pervious zones, but at most places not copiously. However, must of the agglomerate and tuff is dense arid nearly impervious. Much of the detrital Troutdale formation of Hodge is composed of unassorted particles and is sufficiently consoli­ dated to be nearly impervious. In some coarse-grained beds, how­ ever, the particles are somewhat assorted as to size, and so the beds are perhaps moderately pervious. This formation crops out along the west side of the Willamette River in Portland and probably under­ lies much of the "delta" that extends eastward from the Willamette: River to and beyond the edge of the area that is shown on plate 1. It may include part of the "cemented gravel" and certain of the lower water-bearing zones that are penetrated by the deeper wells in and near Portland. However, the data now at hand are not sufficient to show the depth, thickness, and extent of its water-bearing zones. Of the several rock formations that surround and underlie the prin­ cipal two segments of the central lowland, only one the basalt of. Miocene age (Yakima basalt and Stay ton lavas of Thayer) yields j water freely over an extensive area. However, this formation is far' from uniform in its water-yielding capacity. The water occurs under! two distinct conditions: First, at shallow or moderate depth from zones that have become pervious through weathering, at some places as much as 100 feet beneath the land surface; and second, from scoria-' ceous or fractured zones and granular partings at depth in the un- weathered rock. Water in the zone of weathering is commonly perched high above the lowland plains and affords domestic and farm supplies from small springs and wells on outlying ridges and peaks, such as the Chehalem Mountains along the south side of the Tualatin' Valley in Tps. 1 and 2 S., Rs. 2 and 3 W., Saxton, Cooper, and Bull Mountains, in the southeastern part of that valley, and Petes Moun-, tain and corresponding ridges in the vicinity of Oregon City in Tps. 2 and 3 S., R. ,1 E. There appear to be numerous small disconnected bodies of this perched water at various heights above the lowland, so CONSOLIDATED AND SEMICONSOLIDATED ROCKS 25 that some shallow wells are either dry or are not dependable in dry years. The location and extent of these bodies of perched water cannot be traced at this time. At depth in the unweathered rock the water-bearing zones are not continuous over extensive areas and differ greatly in thickness and perviousness. For example, well 53 reached the basalt about 470 feet below the land surface and continued in that rock formation to a depth of 800 feet; its tested yield was 110 gallons a minute, and its specific capacity 1.1 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. On the other hand, two other wells within half a mile, Nos. 52 and 51, are not nearly so deep and yield about 500 gallons a minute each with respective specific capacities of about 7.4 and 6.4 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. In these three Wells the water-bearing zones are below sea level and are far beneath the lowland plains. Several miles to the southeast, along the flanks of the basalt ridge that lies between the Willamette and Tualatin Rivers, wells 74 and 76 also yield several hundred gallons a minute from pervious zones far beneath the valley surface. To the west, in about the NW}£ sec. 32, T. 1 S., R. 2 W., a deep well not visited by the writer is reported to flow about 1 second foot by artesian pressure; the water is inferred to have been struck in the basalt. Not all wells, however, yield so copiously. Well 54, for example, taps the basalt below the lowland plains, but its reported ultimate capacity is only 4 gallons a minute. Drilled wells high on the basalt ridges are erratic in depth and yield. Thus, according to an unconfirmed report, farm wells along the crest of the ridge between the Willamette and Tualatin Rivers range in depth from little more than 100 feet to as much as 300 feet. Presumably these wells were drilled only deep enough to assure dependable farm water supplies, for which purpose a yield of a few gallons a minute would be adequate. Probably the wells range so widely in depth because the pervious zones are discontinuous and because certain of the more extensive zones drain into the adjacent valley. To the south, in the vicinity of Salem, well 331 has a sustained yield of about 7l/2 gallons a minute from the basalt. About a mile to the southeast, on the farm of Albert Bouffleur, a well drilled into the basalt since the writer's field work is being used successfully for small- scale irrigation; this well is 8 inches in diameter and 170 feet deep and yields 285 gallons a minute. In both wells the pervious zones are in the flank of the eastward-dipping Eola Hills and slightly lower than the adjacent flood plain of the Williamette River. Still farther south, well 345 yields about 15 gallons a minute, probably from the lower part of the zone of weathering. Still farther south, well 382 taps perched water in the basalt high above the level of the central low­ land; a companion well, no. 381, found the next water-bearing zone 265 feet lower. 26 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

From the typical conditions just described it is clear that certain water-bearing zones in the unweathered Miocene basalt are sufficiently pervious and thick at some places to sustain withdrawals for irriga­ tion on a moderate scale, for small public supplies, or for industrial purposes. Because these zones doubtless are discontinuous and scattered irregularly through the Miocene basalt it is not possible to foretell, for any particular place, the depth to which a well must be drilled to obtain an adequate supply of water. Neither can it be foret.old whether an adequate supply exists within a practicable depth below the land surface. In general, however, the well is more likely to be successful if its site is not high above the central lowland, for then the shallower pervious zones in the basalt will not be extensively drained and the ground-water level so lowered that the pumping lift is excessive. The two rock formations that occur next below the basalt of Miocene age the Eugene formation and Fisher formation of Schenck and their correlatives flank and underlie much of the central lowland from Oregon City southward to Salem and again, far to the south, near Eugene. For several tens of feet below the land surface these forma­ tions commonly are slightly pervious, owing to weathering and leaching, and so yield some water to shallow farm wells. At depth, however, they appear to be almost wholly impervious. For example, well 23, near the center of the Tualatin Valley at Hillsboro, reached the bottom of the unconsolidated material about 180 feet below the land surface and continued to a total depth of 1,619 feet, largely in "shale and hard clay." This 1,439-foot section of bedrock, which is correlated tentatively with the Pittsburg Bluff sandstone of Schenck, was re­ ported devoid of water-bearing beds. Much farther south, at the Cottage Farm of the Oregon State Hospital, near Salem, well 385 was drilled to a depth of 1,006 feet in sedimentary rocks without finding water; at least the upper strata penetrated by this well represent the Illahe formation of Thayer. At the very southern end of the valley, near Eugene, the six wells, 722 to 727, are drilled in the Eugene or Fisher formation to depths between 225 and 3,000 feet; three of these wells are barely adequate for household supply and the remain­ ing three, which include the deepest two, proved inadequate. Thus deep drilling to tap these bedrock formations beneath the uncon­ solidated deposits of the central lowland is unlikely to be successful. In contrast with the two rock formations just described, the next formation in downward succession contains many beds that yield water. This next formation, the oldest and lowest of those that surround and underlie the central lowland, includes interbedded sandstone, sandy shale, and shale. It is approximately if not strictly correlative with the Tyee sandstone and the Burpee formation of Schenck and is of late Eocene age. This formation constitutes all UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 27 or nearly all of the western flank of the central lowland southward from Dallas, in Tps. 7 to 18 S. Its water-bearing zones are the dis­ continuous and lenticular beds of sandstone and sandy shale, which yield water slowly to numerous farm wells among the foothills. So far as is known, however, none of these wells yields more than about 10 gallons a minute. Several wells, for example well 533 near Cor- vallis, have struck brackish water and brine in the formation, in some places less than 100 feet below the level of the lowland plain. (See p. 64.) Accordingly, as is true of the younger sedimentary rocks, these rocks of late Eocene age are not likely to yield copious supplies of fresh water if tapped by deep wells passing through the unconsoli- dated deposits of the central lowland.

GEOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY OF THE UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS GENERAL CHARACTER, EXTENT, AND THICKNESS OF THE DEPOSITS

YOUNGER ALLUVIUM The uncoiisolidated deposits that form the central lowland of the Willamette River Basin contain the materials most likely to sustain large withdrawals of water from wells. Of these deposits the youngest underlies or forms the flood plains of the present streams and is shown on plates 1 and 2 as younger alluvium. Along the Willamette River below Eugene, this youngest alluvial, or stream-laid deposit is composed of poorly or rudely assorted gravel and sand with a small proportion of silt. Upstream, to the south, it consists largely of coarse gravel and cobbles as much as 6 inches in diameter (pi. 4, B], and some sandy beds or zones. Downstream the deposit becomes progressively finer and better assorted and at numerous places is rudely stratified and cross-bedded (pi. 5), but even at the northern end of the valley, as near Newberg, it contains a fairly large proportion of pebbles as much as 2 inches in diameter. In this deposit the beds of large water-yielding capacity are tongues of clean sand or gravel; one or more such tongues have been penetrated by wells at most places on the flood plain, though their depth and thick­ ness at any particular place cannot be foretold. At some places the deposit contains many fine particles so thoroughly interspersed with, the sand and gravel that water is yielded slowly to wells; some such places are in the bottoms of ephemeral drains and channels that are occupied by slack water when the river is in freshet. It appears that here much of the silt has been brought in after the gravel and sand has been carried downward into the deposit as the silt-laden backwater seeped away. All the materials of the younger alluvium, even the finest sand and silt, appear to be quite fresh; from this and from the

408526 42 3 28 GROUND WATEB OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. relative coarseness of the materials, it is judged that over most of the flood plain water can penetrate easily from the land surface to the water table. Along the main branch of the Willamette River, the alluvial deposit just described forms a tongue that is from half a mile to 4 miles wide and is coextensive with the flood plain. Its thickness ranges from a feather edge along either margin of the flood plain to a few tens of feet; the greatest known thickness, in well 463, near Corvallis,8 is 42 feet. Branching from it, tongues of similar material extend east­ ward along those tributary streams that rise high in the Cascade Mountains and that reach the central lowland with relatively steep gradients. In order northward these tributaries are the Middle Fork, McKenzie River, the two branches of the Santiam River, and the Mo] alia River. In contrast with the deposits just described, the younger alluvium is of decidedly different character along the smaller tributaries" that enter the Willamette River from the east and along all the tributaries that enter from the west. Along the smaller tributaries from the east such as Muddy Creek and the Calapooya River to the south and the Pudding River to the north young alluvial deposits are formed largely of fine-grained materials derived from the lowland. At most places, therefore, they do not transmit water freely and do not promise wells of large capacity. The tributaries that enter the Willamette River from the west reach the lowland with a very slight gradient. Thus, their young alluvial deposits contain little clean sand and gravel within the area that is shown on plates 1 and 2 and so generally do not yield water freely. These streams, in order from the south, include the Long Tom, Muddy, Luckianmte, Yamhill, and Tualatin Rivers. Three tongues of young alluvium delimited on plate 1 are somewhat higher than the flood plains of present streams. The largest of these is the so-called Lake Labish channel, which trends northeastward from the flood plain of the Willamette River just north of Salem to the plain of Pudding River near the town of Mount Angol. The two smaller tongues occur to the east, directly across Pudding River; they diverge from the present valley of Abiqua Creek about 3 miles southeast of Mount Angel. All three tongues floor abandoned stream- ways. All three appear to be composed of fine-grained materials, are probably thin, and are judged to be low in water-yielding capacity.

OLDER ALLUVIUM AND RELATED DEPOSITS The materials that form and lie immediately beneath the main lowland plain of the Willamette River Basin are shown on plate 1 as older alluvium and related deposits. At least two distinctive sorts s Descriptions of wells appear in tables 11 and 12; locations are shown on plates 1 and 2. UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 29 of material are included: comparatively coarse alluvial or stream-laid material beneath all the main plain southward from the rock-bound narrows at Salem; distinctly finer material northward from Salem, of which that lying immediately beneath the land surface appears not to have been deposited by vigorous streams. The principal character­ istics of the material in these two parts of the valley are described below. The mode of occurrence of the ground-water and the yield from the deposits are treated on pages 34 to 54. As has been stated, the main plain in the southern segment of the valley comprises several broad alluvial fans and intervening flats of very gentle slope. It covers about 400,000 acres. To a depth of at least 50 feet below the land surface, the central and higher parts of the fans appear to be composed largely of tongues and lentils of gravel and sand interspersed with unassorted mixtures of sand and silt (pi. 6, A). The better-assorted bodies of gravel and sand serve as arteries whfch, though perhaps devious, appear to be rather thor­ oughly interconnected, thus allowing free movement of ground water. One or more ground-water arteries of this sort are penetrated by numerous wells. Toward the lower margins of the alluvial fans the coarser alluvial deposits just described appear to grade into and inter- finger with poorly assorted or unassorted mixtures of sand, silt, and pebbles which in turn, beneath the flats that intervene between alluvial fans, grade into heterogeneous material that is largely earthy. These finer alluvial materials yield water slowly. Little is known of the character of the lower or deeper part of the older alluvium in this part of the valley. Near the center of the area the deposit, according to the driller's record of well 637 (table 12), contains much "clay" and "mud" below a depth of 60 feet and especially below a depth of 145 feet. Unfortunately that record, the only one available for the purpose, does not show whether the clay- like material occurs in distinct beds that alternate with layers of sand and gravel or whether fine and coarse particles are commingled throughout the lower part of the deposit. That single record does not preclude the possibility that elsewhere in the area the deeper part of the older alluvium may be composed largely of gravel and sand, such as predominate in the higher parts of the alluvial fans that form the land surface. Neither does the single record warrant a judgment as to the water-yielding capacity of the deeper alluvial materials. So far as is indicated by data now available, the older alluvium in the southern segment of the valley is somewhat finer and less thor­ oughly assorted than the younger alluvium of the same area. Al­ though its upper part, at least, contains fairly extensive arteries that yield water quite freely, the deposit as a whole is probably less pervious than the younger alluvium. In the soil zone, the finer particles of 30 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. the older alluvium at some places have been disintegrated by weather­ ing. Consequently infiltration of water from the land surface to the water table doubtless is somewhat impeded here and there; however, infiltration probably is nearly as free as through the younger alluvium except near the outer margins of the alluvial fans and over the inter­ vening flats. Because the older alluvium was deposited over an eroded bedrock surface, its thickness must range from a feather edge along the outer margin of the alluvial plain to a maximum over the lowest point on the bedrock floor. Geologic features of the valley suggest that the bedrock floor had moderate local relief. Consequently the thickness of the alluvial deposit may vary decidedly, even within small areas. Few determinations of the thickness in the southern half of the valley are available (see pi. 7). These few, which are drawn wholly from driller's records of wells, show fairly well the thickness and the altitude of the underlying bedrock floor near the upstream end of the rock- bound narrows that extends from Albany to Salem and at several places along the margin of the alluvial plain. Only three records afford any data for the central part of the plain; of these, only the record for well 637, at Junction City, is at all detailed. At this place, the alluvial deposits appear to be not less than 200 feet nor more than 233 feet thick; the thickness cannot be fixed precisely, owing to the uncertain driller's classification of fine-textured materials low in the alluvial deposit in distinction from the bedrock, which is largely shale. That the thickness found at Junction City is about the greatest in all the southern segment of the valley is suggested by abandoned well, 610, which is reported to have been drilled 300 feet deep and to have encountered strong salt water, doubtless in bedrock. In the well at Junction City the bedrock floor underneath the alluvium appears to be not more than 120 feet nor less than about 90 feet above sea level that is, at least 40 feet lower than at the rock-bound narrows to the north, near Albany. This feature suggests that the floor on which the alluvium rests, although shaped primarily by erosion, may have been deformed by movements of the earth's crust before alluviation began. If so, the thickness of the alluvium may vary in a most irregular fashion. A conservative estimate of the average thickness of the alluvial deposits that underlie the southern half of the main valley plain, largely older alluvium, appears to be about 70 feet. If so, these unconsolidated materials would have a total volume of about 30,000,- 000 acre-feet and would have the capacity to store about 2,500,000 acre-feet of ground water. (See p. 40.) As has been stated, the materials that lie immediately beneath the main lowland plain northward from Salem to the vicinities of Newberg and Canby are distinct from those to the south, just described. With UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 31 the exception of a few gravel fans or tongues along the margin of the plain, as along the lower reaches of the Yamhill and Molalla Rivers, only fine sediments (largely medium sand to silt) crop out or have been exposed by highway cuts. These are the sediments whose composition has been treated briefly by Felts.9 At most places they are rudely stratified in beds that average about a foot in thickness (pi. 6, 5); at a few places they include streaks of coarse sand. Even though fine­ grained, they are appreciably pervious in part, for they contain at least one extensive body of semiperched water so high above the major streams that recharge can take place only by infiltration from rain falling on the highest parts of the main lowland plain. That semi- perched body supplies many domestic wells but probably will not yield water in large quantities, such as for irrigation. At well 245, which is about 0.7 mile east of Gervais and which is believed to afford a typical section of the materials that underlie the northern half of the main lowland plain, these fine sediments extend to a depth of 68 feet beneath the land surface. From the base of the fine sediments to the bottom of the well, at a depth of 252 feet, beds of clay and silt make up slightly less than half the thickness, and beds of pervious sand and gravel the remainder. Most of the pervious beds occur in four zones whose tops are 68, 108, 146, and 218 feet beneath the land surface. Apparently the well did not reach the underlying bedrock, so that the character of the deepest unconsolidated materials in the vicinity is not known.

TABLE 7. Physical properties of water-bearing materials from well 245 [V. C. Fishel, analyst] Sample 1 Sample S Depth (feet)-__-__-______-______230 241 Apparent specific gravity, laboratory packing.______1. 67 1. 57 Porosity (percent), laboratory packing.______38.3 41.3 Coefficient of permeability.______695 1, 050 Mechanical analysis (size in millimeters, percent by weight): Gravel, more than 2.0______20.2 1.9 Fine gravel, 2.0-1.0__.______9.7 8.9 Coarse sand, 1.0-0.5.._..__.______.______20.1 24.0 Medium sand, 0.5-0.25______34.0 51.1 Fine sand, 0.25-0.125______11.3 8.5 Very fine sand, 0.125-0.062______1.6 1.5 Silt, 0.062-0.005_____-____1______1.9 2.7 Clay, less than 0.005______1.3 1.5 About the same succession of impervious and pervious beds is shown by the records of several other wells to the west and north, to the Willamette River and beyond. The pervious beds of sand and gravel supply several wells such as Nos. 245, 247, 248, 252, 262, and 263, » Felts, W. M., Analysis of Willamette Valley fill [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Proc. 1935, p. 346,1936. 32 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. which are heavily pumped; also wells 139, 153, and 159, which are not pumped severely. In the area from Salem northward to Newberg and Canby, as in the area to the south, the older alluvium and related deposits rest on a bedrock floor and, along the margin of the main valley plain, lap over the bedrock and feather out against it. Thus, the pervious zones in these deposits terminate against the bedrock at a distance from the outer margin of the plain, especially beneath tongues of the plain that extend far into the foothills. Obviously, therefore, the pervious zones are less extensive than the plain, and the deepest zone is the least extensive of all. However, even the deepest zone is believed to extend over half the area or more. Over a large part of this area the older alluvium and related deposits appear to be more than 200 feet thick (see pi. 7); the greatest known thickness, 296 feet, is at well 221, in sec. 8, T. 5 S., R. 3 W., about 12 miles west of Woodburn. There the bedrock floor is about 140 feet below sea level. Obviously that floor has been depressed with respect to sea level; if it has been materially warped or faulted as well as depressed, most of that deformation must have taken place before the main valley plain was constructed, for the plain is remarkably flat (seep. 10). If the average thickness of the older alluvium and related deposits iti this northern segment of the main lowland plain is taken as 150 feet, an estimate which appears to be conservative, the total volume of the deposits would be about 50,000,000 acre-feet and the water-storage capacity about 3,500,000 acre-feet. Still farther north, the Tualatin Valley is a topographic analog of the segment of the main lowland plain whose older unconsolidated deposits have just been described. That valley is floored by an un­ consolidated deposit some 200 feet thick which in its upper part is quite similar to that of the main lowland plain. However, in its lower part the beds of pervious sand and gravel appear to be neither thick nor very extensive. To the east, along the Willamette River in the vicinity of Portland, there are correlative unconsolidated materials in part of similar texture and composition. Neither in the Tualatin Valley nor in the vicinity of Portland, however, has the deposit equiv­ alent to the older alluvium been discriminated from younger and older unconsolidated deposits with which it is complexly associated.

TERRACE DEPOSIT AND RELATED ALLUVIAL MATERIALS Along the outer margin of the main lowland plain, commonly from 30 to 100 feet above the plain and throughout all the length of the Willamette Valley, there are scattered though conspicuous rem­ nants of a terrace formed by a coarse unassorted stream deposit (see pis. 1 and 2). At most places the deposit appears to be no more TJNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 33

than a few tens of feet thick and commonly rests on a bedrock shelf that is higher than the main lowland plain, especially hi the northern lialf of the valley. Consequently much of the deposit is so thoroughly drained that it contains little ground water. However, certain of the remnant deposits in the southern half of the valley such as Sand Ridge, in sees. 24 and 25, T. 12 S., K. 3 W., and Fern Kidge, in the northeastern part of T. 17 S., 11. 5 W. extend to an unknown depth below the main lowland plain and so into the regional body of ground water. Everywhere this terrace deposit is weathered rather severely, but especially in the southern half of the valley. There, at least the upper 20 feet of the finer matrix of the deposit is thoroughly decomposed to a compact clay and even the largest cobbles are so much disintegrated and decomposed that they can be cut through by a single sharp stroke with pick or shovel. (See pi. 8, A.) Material so thoroughly decom­ posed has little or no capacity for the infiltration or transmission of water. On the other hand, test borings made recently by the United States Engineer Department at the Fern Ridge dam site, in sees. 3 and 4, T. 17 S., R. 5 W., indicate that there the terrace deposit is not much weathered at depth and so probably is sufficiently pervious to transmit water rather freely. This condition probably does not exist beneath most of the terrace remnants. There are correlated tentatively with the terrace deposit two rela­ tively extensive bodies of unconsoliclated material: the gravel that veneers the Molalla pediment, which is in Tps. 4 and 5 S., Rs. 1 and 2 E., between the Molalla River on the northeast and Butte Creek on the southwest; and the Portland "delta," which lies in the angle between the Columbia and Willamette Rivers, extends eastward across R. 3 E., and is topographically correlative with an extensive plain to the north in the State of Washington. The Molalla pediment rises gradually eastward to an altitude of about 475 feet above sea level or nearly 300 feet above the main low­ land plain. The character of the materials that underlie the pediment is only imperfectly known, though a few scattered outcrops and the driller's record of well 280 (table 12) suggest that the pediment is veneered with poorly assorted gravel and sand a few tens of feet thick, beneath which compact "clay" with a few thin beds of "sand" extend to a depth of at least 300 feet. Well 188, which, is on the main lowland plain just west of the Molalla pediment, also penerated "clay" and "sandy clay" between depths of 65 and 350 feet below the land surface and then entered shale. (See table 12.) Outcrops show that part of the thick mass of "clay" penetrated by these two wells and by others of the vicinity is volcanic tuff, both massive and stratified, and should be correlated with the partly consolidated Troutdale or Rhodo- 34 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. dendron formations of Hodge, 10 or both. Regardless of the precise correlation, these materials that underlie the pediment have small capacity to transmit water. The Portland "delta" is triangular in plan and extends about 14 miles southward from the mouth of the Willamette River and about 19 miles eastward along the Columbia River, to a point 1% miles be­ yond the eastern edge of the area represented on plate 1. Its highest part is about 300 feet above sea level. Numerous pits and cuts show that to a depth of at least 100 feet it is composed of stratified and cross- bedded sand and gravel, with a few thin partings of sandy silt. This, characteristic bedding is well-shown on plate 8, B. Obviously, the deposit was stream-laid on a gradually rising base level and was not built in a single stage by progression of a delta into deep water. The thickness of the deposit is suggested by the record of well 33 (table 12) r which is reported to have penetrated little but gravel and sand to a depth of 360 feet and then alternate layers of clay, sand, and boulders to a depth of 405 feet. Certain layers of "conglomerate" between 220 and 330 feet in depth may indicate that the lower part of this zone should be ascribed to the bedrock, specifically to the Troutdale formation of Hodge.11 (See p. 23.) Below a depth of 405 feet and to a depth of 1,300 feet, the well passed largely through a marl" and shale, which very probably should be ascribed to the bedrock. Irrespective of these uncertainties in correlation, the unconsolidated "delta" deposit probably is not less than 300 feet thick in some places. A large proportion of the deposit is highly pervious and supplies numer­ ous wells of large capacity.

OCCURRENCE, SOURCE, AND DISPOSAL OF WATER IN THE UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS FORM AND FLUCTUATIONS OF THE WATER TABLE In the southern half of the Willamette Valley and through the rock- bound narrows that extends to Salem, both the younger and the older alluvium are highly pervious almost throughout and are underlain by bedrock formations that are much less pervious. These two alluvial deposits act essentially as a single ground-water reservoir of very large capacity (see p. 32), quite analogous to a surface water reservoir. Thus, as water is added to the reservoir more of the alluvium is saturated and the ground-water level rises more or less proportionately; as water is discharged, either through natural drainage downstream or through withdrawals by pumping, some alluvium is unwatered and the ground- water level falls. Obviously, the height of the water table the upper surface of that part of the alluvium which is saturated with water is never quite steady but fluctuates constantly. 10 Hodge, E. T., Age of Columbia River and lower canyon [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 44, p. 157, 1933. " Idem. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY \VATEK-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 4

A, COLLIER GLACIER. VIEWED FROM ITS WESTERN LATERAL B. YOUNGER ALLUVIUM OF THE McKENZIE RIVER. MORAINE. Material from lower part of well 680. North Sister Peak in the background. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPEK 890 PLATE 5

A. GRAVEL PIT IN THE SE}4 SEC. 8, T. 11 S., R. 4 W.

B. PIT OF EAST SIDE SAND & GRAVEL CO. NEAR CORV\LLIS. In SWH sec. 2, T. 12 S., R. 5 W.

YOUNGER ALLUVIUM OF THE WILLAMETTE RIVER. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 890 PLATE 6

A. EXPOSURE UN THE NWH SEC. 1, T. 16 S., R. 4 W.

B. HIGHWAY CUT IN THE NW}4 SEC. 7, T. 4 S., R. 1. E., SHOWING FAINT STRATIFICATION.

OLDER ALLUVIUM AND RELATED DEPOSITS.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 890 PLATE 8

A. DECOMPOSED TERRACE DEPOSIT IN HIGHWAY CUT IN THE NH SEC. 32, T. 12 S., R. 1 W

B CROSS-BEDDED SAND AND GRAVEL EXPOSED IN CUT ALONG THE SPOKANE. PORTLAND & SEATTLE RAILWAY, 0.1 MILE NORTH OF LOMBARD STREET, PORTLAND.

UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 35

Contour lines on plates 1 and 2 show the height and general form of the water table as of November 1935, when the water table was about at its lowest stage for that water year and very little above its lowest known stage. That general form changes little as the water table rises and falls because, as indicated later, fluctuations of the ground-water level are of about the same order of magnitude and roughly synchronous over most of the valley. Beneath the broad interstream areas in the southern half of the valley, the water table is higher than the streams and slopes downward away from the foot­ hills and northward toward and through the rock-bound narrows. Along either side of the Willamette River and the larger tributary streams, however, the water table ordinarily pitches downward to form a broad shallow trough whose bottom meets and prolongs the water surface of the stream. These troughs or valleys of the water table persist throughout most of the year but may be partly or largely obliterated during brief periods as the ground-water level rises sharply with freshets. (See p. 38.) In contrast to these troughs, the water table also rises into a number of minor ridges where relatively imper­ vious material is not far beneath the land surface, as south of Corvallis in Tps. 12 and 13 S., R. 5 W., east of Corvallis in T. 12 S., R. 4 W., and west of Eugene in T. 17 S., R. 5 W. In the northern half of the valley ground water occurs under con­ ditions that are quite distinct from those just described. There, the unconsolidated deposits are not continuously pervious, and at least three separate bodies of ground water can be delimited. The first is in the tongue of younger alluvium that underlies the flood plain of the Willamette River, and the water is unconfined, as in the southern half of the valley. Distinct water-table contours for this body of unconfined water are shown on plate 1. The second occurs beneath each of the extensive "prairies" or interstream segments of the main lowland plain. There, the shallowest ground water is also unconfined, but it is held high above river level by beds of low pervi- ousness. These bodies of water are semiperched; contours on their respective water tables are shown on plate 1. In general these water tables are highest beneath the central parts of the prairies and descend in all directions toward the stream trenches by which the prairies are bounded; in detail, their slopes are rather uneven. The third body, which is in the deep pervious beds that pass below the floors of the stream trenches, is confined under hydrostatic pressure. The height of the static level for this confined water is shown approximately by appro­ priate contour lines; over most of the area this static level is somewhat lower thar^tvhe semipercheSd water table, but at some places it appears to be higher. It is considerably higher than the unconfined water table in the younger alluvium. 36 GROUND WATE.R OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Plate 9 shows typical water-level fluctuations in wells of the Willa- mette Valley; the fluctuations in numerous other wells are shown by the data on water levels, table 13. Of the 12 wells represented on plate 9, Nos. 421, 463, 553, 568, 636, and 680 are in the southern half of the valley and their graphs show fluctuations of the regional water table in comparison with fluctuations of stage in the Willamette River at Corvallis and at Salem. Of the remaining 6 wells, which are in the northern half of the valley, well 171 and probably well 318 show fluctuations of semiperched water tables; well 245 and probably well 297 show fluctuations in pressure head of the confined water; and well 148 and possibly well 196 show fluctuations of the regional water table. Characteristic features of the fluctuations, their causes, and their relation to the withdrawal of ground water for irrigation and for other purposes are discussed later. The water-level fluctuations thus far observed in the Willamette Valley have been due primarily to natural causes; withdrawals by pumping are relatively so small that they depress the ground-water level only locally and transiently. Throughout the valley the ground- water levels are characteristically lowest in late autumn, ordinarily in the last half of October or the first half of November. The re­ plenishment of the soil-moisture deficiency begins with the onset of the rainy season (see p. 37), and within a relatively short tune, ordi­ narily by mid-January for a water body that is unconfined and some­ what later for a body that is confined, the water level rises to its highest stage of the year. At many wells it then oscillates through a range of a few feet during the early spring, but after April it tends to decline steadily throughout the valley until the ensuing low stage is reached. Both the maximum and the minimum yearly ranges of ground-water level thus far determined about 28 feet at well 426 and 3K feet at well 409 in 1935-36 have been in the southern half of the valley where virtually all the ground water is unconfined. The smallest ranges occur commonly near the outer margin of the valley plain and in foothill alcoves; the largest, beneath the open plain at a distance from the larger streams. In the younger alluvium along the principal streams, the yearly range is moderate for ex­ ample, 6 miles north of Albany at well 421, the range was 5 feet in 1928-29 and 15# feet in 1935-36; 2 miles east of Corvallis at well 463 the ranges for those water years were Yl}( and 13% feet, respectively; at Lebanon in well 568, 4% and 8% feet; and 6 miles north of Eugene at well 680, 4% and 6H feet. In the northern half of the valley the yearly range of ground-water level appears to be moderate at most places. The greatest range is in the unconfined semiperched water. For example, 4 miles northwest of Woodburn at well 171 the water level had a range of 15 feet in 1928-29 and of 17 feet in 1935-36. For the pressure head of the deep confined water in the same area, UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 37 the yearly range is only about half as great; 3 miles southwest of Woodburn at well 245 it was 9 feet in 1935-36; 4K miles north of Salem at well 297 it was 8% feet in 1929-30 and 10 feet in 1935-36. With reference to the unconfined water in the older alluvium and related deposits, including the semiperched water in the northern half of the valley, the sharp rise of ground-water level in December and January must be due almost entirely to the infiltration of rain that falls in the immediate vicinity; for even when lowest the ground-water level beneath most of the valley is higher than the streams, and the ground-water level rises so nearly simultaneously over all the valley that replenishment can scarcely be caused by extensive lateral perco­ lation. In those 2 months the average rainfall is about 12 inches, or roughly a third of the yearly total (p. 16); it is far more than the con­ current evaporation or consumptive use and is adequate for a very sub­ stantial addition to ground-water storage in most years. The re­ peated rise and fall of ground-water level that has been observed at many wells in late winter and early spring is here ascribed to inter­ mittent infiltration from successive storms with alternate partial drainage of the newly saturated material; the steady decline after April is ascribed largely to continuous unwatering of the alluvial deposits as the ground water moves laterally toward and into the streams. The relation of this unwatering to stream flow is treated on page 39. Only a negligible part of the steady decline can be caused by withdrawals from wells, which so far have been very small in pro­ portion to the volume of ground water involved in the yearly satura­ tion and unwatering. The fluctuations in the static level of the water that is confined beneath the northern part of the valley, unlike those of the unconfmed water, just treated, do not indicate commensurate saturation and un­ watering of pervious material at that place. Rather, all the deep pervious material is constantly saturated, and the fluctuations indi­ cate merely changes in pressure transmitted from some external source. Of necessity, the water is derived from an outlying catchment and in­ take area. That intake area presumably lies chiefly to the south and east. The winter increase of pressure head in the deep water-bearing beds, which lags only slightly behind the rising level of the semi- perched water above, might come about in either or both of two ways: First, the weight of the water taken into storage in the semiperched zone imposing a commensurate load on the deeper aquifers through elastic deformation of the strata; 12 and second, a rising water level in the remote catchment area being transmitted laterally through the aquifer as a wave of pressure head. Conversely, the decline of the pressure head in summer and autumn would be causecl by relief of 12 Meinzer, O. E., Compressibility and elasticity of artesian aquifers: Econ. Geology, vol. 23, pp. 272- 276,1928. 38 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

load as the semiperched zone became unwatered, by recession of the water level in the catchment area, or both. In the younger alluvium along the Willamette River and its princi­ pal tributaries, the fluctuations of ground-water level appear to follow rather closely the fluctuations in stream stage. (See pi. 9, well 463, and river station at Corvallis.) However, the ground-water level probably is determined more by a backwater effect of rising and falling river stage than by extensive percolation from the river into the alluvium and the reverse, for ordinarily the water table slopes downward toward the river. Thus, the yearly saturation of the younger alluvium is doubtless due in considerable part to infiltration of rain; the alluvium is unwatered by drainage to the streams, as in the older alluvium. With respect to the withdrawal of ground water for irrigation and other uses, the natural water-level fluctuations have several practical applications. If large withdrawals are to be made from single wells at a minimum operating cost, each pumping plant should be designed to accommodate the water-level range of the particular locality. Where the alluvium is thin and is underlain by impervious rock, as along certain reaches of the flood plains (p. 44), it may be largely un­ watered by midsummer, so that large withdrawals cannot be sus­ tained. For example, the irrigation well 463 on the east farm of the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station near Corvallis encountered impermeable shale 42 feet beneath the land surface. There, the highest static water level so far recorded was 32 feet above the shale, the lowest 18 feet. After deducting the draw-down by the pump, the saturated zone that yields water to the well is only half as thick at the low static level as at the high; the yield of water is correspondingly smaller. At many other places, as in the vicinity of Albany, the al­ luvium is still thinner and the capacity of wells diminishes even more as the water level recedes during the summer. Under these condi­ tions, even greater diminution of yield would be expected if many wells were pumped heavily, with consequent interference and comu- lative depression of the ground-water level; in 1938 heavily pumped wells were few and widely scattered. Should the ground-water resources in the southern half of the valley be developed extensively in the future for supplemental irrigation, the natural water-level fluctuations that have been described would doubt­ less be modified appreciably. In areas where large withdrawals are concentrated, the water-level decline in early summer probably would be quickened and the ultimate level in autumn would be lower. Thus, the deficiency in ground-water storage at the onset of the rainy season would be greater, and full replenishment by infiltration would be somewhat delayed. These effects of extensive withdrawals are una­ voidable; in fact, they are the means by which the underground res- TJNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 39

ervoir can be made to store additional water during the rainy season for later use. In this connection, the infiltration capacity of the alluvial deposits appears to be so large and the winter rainfall so much in excess of natural use, that withdrawals much greater than at present probably would be fully replaced between the seasons of pumping. (See also p. 40.) In the northern half of the valley, heavy withdrawals from the con­ fined water bodies in deep pervious beds would modify the natural water-level fluctuations in another manner. There, withdrawals can be increased only in proportion to the extent that the natural move­ ment of water from the remote intake area can be accelerated. Accel­ erated movement is possible only if the hydraulic gradient is steep­ ened from the area of pumping to the area of intake; in other words, the pressure head in the pumping area must fall. Thus, sustained large withdrawals probably would depress the water level somewhat more than in the southern half of the valley, and full recovery of head probably would not come about as quickly.

RELATION OF GROUND "WATER TO RAINFALL, AND STREAMS As has been suggested by the foregoing treatment of water-level fluctuations, the bodies of ground water in the unconsolidated depos­ its of the Willamette Valley are integral parts of the drainage system. These bodies receive water chiefly by infiltration of rain from the low­ land plains directly above or, in the case of the confined water in the northern half of the valley, from the remote intake area. From these bodies water is discharged naturally into the streams and so helps to sustain the stream flow, especially during the summer and autumn. The general direction of ground-water movement, from points of intake to points of discharge, may be deduced from the form of the water table or other pressure-indicating surfaces, for movement must be in the direction of the steepest downward hydraulic gradient. In other words, the direction of movement must be at right angles to the contour lines on the water table or analogous surface and from higher contours toward the lower. Thus, the contour lines shown on plates 1 and 2 indicate that the unconfined water in the southern half of the valley moves inward away from the foothills and in a general northward direction until it seeps into the streams and so passes out of the basin. In the northern half of the valley, between Salem and Canby, the semiperched water tends to move radially out­ ward from the center of the "prairie" into several perennial creeks, also to numerous small springs and seeps along the slopes or bluffs by which the prairie is surrounded. Probably some of the semi- perched water is discharged through a ground-water cascade along the outer margin of the prairie. In the same area, the confined water in the deeper pervious zone appears to move generally northwestward 40 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

away from the foothill area that lies south of Salem and Silverton. Where this water is returned to the land surface is not definitely known. Leakage upward into the younger alluvium along the Wil- lamette River and the lower Yamhill River and thence into the streams is inferred tentatively because the pressure head appears to dimmish sharply beneath the flood plains. A possible effect of with­ drawals from wells is shown by the southward deflection of the lines of equal pressure head in the vicinity of Woodburn.

DEPENDABILITY OF THE GROUND -WATER SUPPLY In an area such as the Willamette Valley the pervious materials beneath the land surface have long since been saturated to capacity and, over a term of years, as much ground water must be discharged as is received by infiltration or other means of recharge. Thus, if ground water is to be withdrawn for use year after year without ulti­ mately depleting the initial storage, the volume withdrawn must be salvaged directly or indirectly from water that otherwise would be discharged naturally. With respect to the unconfined water in the younger and older alluvium in the southern half of the Willamette Valley, withdrawals must be salvaged from the water that is stored intermittently in the zone of yearly saturation and unwatering. The volume of this water is large. Thus, among 63 representative water-table wells in that part of the valley, the thickness of the zone that was saturated in the water year of 1935-36 ranged from 3.8 to 28.2 feet and averaged 12.0 feet. From the high stage of that winter until the end of the next September, the zone of unwatering ranged from 3.0 to 25.3 feet in thickness and averaged 10.7 feet. If these averages from the 63 wells are applied to all the area, the volume of material saturated was about 5,300,000 acre-feet; of that subsequently unwatered, 4,700,000 acre-feet. If then the mean specific yield of the alluvial deposits the ratio between the volume of the deposits and the volume of water that the deposits, after being saturated, will yield by gravity drain­ age is taken as 10 percent, 13 a percentage that is probably conserva­ tive, ground-water storage in the area increased about 530,000 acre- feet during the winter of 1935-36 and diminished about 470,000 acre- feet during the following spring and summer. During the 4-month period November to February the rainfall was about 1 percent less than the 40-year average. Therefore the opportunity for recharge by infiltration certainly was not excessive. In contrast, the winter rainfall in 1928-29 was about 20 percent less than the 40-year aver­ age; in 1929-30, about 10 percent less. In these 2 years, the range in ground-water storage appears to have been little, if any, less than 13 Piper, A. M., Gale, H. S., Thomas, H. E., and Robinson, T. W., Geology and ground-water hydrology of the Mokelumne area, Calif.: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 780, pp. 101-118, 1939. SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 41

in 1935-36. Thus, ground-water recharge and discharge in 1935-36, amounting to about 500,000 acre-feet, may be assumed to have been roughly equal to the long-term average. In comparison, the total withdrawal of ground water for use in 1928-36 by numerous wells for rural household use, for a few community water systems serving a few thousand people, and for supplemental irrigation on a few thousand acres of land is very small. It is impracticable to salvage and use all the yearly ground-water recharge in the southern half of the valley. To do so would require that the ground-water level be sufficiently depressed by pumping to keep it below the level of the streams; thus certain thin parts of the alluvial deposits would be completely and perrranently unwatered. Nevertheless, it appears wholly practicable to withdraw water at several times the rate of the 1928-36 withdrawals, and so to increase considerably the irrigated acreage and other water services. The scope of the reconnaissance on which this report is based does not permit a close estimate of the greatest practicable yearly withdrawal the so-called safe yield, or the volume of water that could be with­ drawn year after year without ultimately so depleting the supply that further withdrawals at that rate would become too costly. A reliable determination of the safe yield will be desirable if and when ground- water utilization increases several fold, but that determination would require a very intensive investigation. No definite conclusions can be drawn at this time with respect to the safe yield of the deep water-bearing zone in the northern half of the valley, the only zone in the older unconsolidated deposit in that area that appears adequate to supply wells of large capacity. Thus far, the withdrawals for all uses have been no larger than in the south­ ern half of the valley, if as large. Further, no cumulative decrease in the pressure head of the water is shown by the water-level data now available. Accordingly, it appears that the present withdrawals can be increased several times without causing excessive interference between wells and possibly many times before the safe yield is ex­ ceeded.

SUBDIVISIONS OF THE CENTRAL LOWLAND WITH RESPECT TO YIELD OF GROUND WATER The central lowland of the Willamette River Basin may be divided tentatively into 20 subareas that are fairly distinct with respect to conditions of ground-water occurrence and to water-yielding capacity of the unconsolidated deposits. The position and extent of these sub- areas are shown on plate 10. The locations of typical wells in the several subareas are shown on plates 1 and 2; descriptions and driller's records of the wells are given in tables 11 and 12, respectively; and data on water-level fluctuations are given in table 13. The subareas 42 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

are listed below, and the list is followed by a summary of their ground- water features.

TENTATIVE SUBAREAS OF THE CENTRAL LOWLAND Flood plains of the principal streams, including some related segments of the main valley plain: 1. Springfield "delta," comprising the younger alluvial plains of the Mc- Kenzie and Willamette Rivers above their junction and an intervening segment of the older alluvial plain. 2. Upstream reach of the Willamette River flood plain, from the Spring­ field "delta" downstream nearly to Albany. 3. Middle reach of the Willamette River flood plain, through the rock- bound narrows that begins about 2 miles upstream from Albany and extends to Salem, an air-line distance of 21 miles. 4. Lebanon alluvial fan, comprising the younger alluvial plains of the North Santiam and South Santiam Rivers about their junction and a. contiguous part of the older alluvial plain that extends westward to Albany and southward to Oak Creek. 5. Downstream reach of the Willamette River flood plain, from Salem to the mouth of the Pudding River. 6. Canby fan, comprising the younger alluvial plains of the Pudding River below Aurora and of the Molalla River below Molalla and the older alluvial plain between the Molalla River and the terrace about 2 miles, east of Canby. 7. Younger alluvial plain of the Willamette River below Portland and of the adjacent part of the Columbia River. Main valley plain: 8. Eugene-Junction City segment extending westward about 3 miles from, the Willamette River flood plain. 9. Coburg-Harrisburg segment between the Willamette River flood plain on the west and Lake and Muddy Creeks on the east. 10. Elmira segment, including all the older plain between subarea 8 on the east and the terrace remnants or foothills on the west, in Tps. 15-17 -S. 11. Brownsville-Albany segment, all the older plain between subareas 2 and 9 on the west and subarea 4 on the northeast; outliers of the Tertiary bedrock are excluded. 12. Corvallis segment, bounded on the east by subarea 2 and on the west by foothills or terrace remnants. 13. Minor segments in the vicinity of Albany, remnants of the older plain on both sides of the Willamette River in Tps. 9 and 10 S. 14. Monmouth-Independence segment, lying west of the Willamette River flood plain in Tps. 7-9 S. 15. Stayton-Mill Creek basin, comprising the alluvial fan north of the North Santiam River in Tps. 8 and 9 S., Rs. 1 and 2 W., and the older plain from Salem eastward to the Little Pudding River and northward to the Lake Labish channel. 16. French Prairie, bounded on the west and north by the Willamette River flood plain, on the east and south by Pudding River and the Lake Labish channel. 17. Dayton Prairie and adjacent areas, all segments of the younger and older plains west or north of the Willamette River flood plain and adjacent to it, from Salem downstream to Canby. SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 43

18. Tualatin Valley, comprising the younger and older plains of the Tualatin River Basin but excluding numerous remnants of a higher terrace and two outliers of bedrock, one extensive. Areas largely higher than the main valley plain: 19. Molalla pediment and related parts of the central lowland, bounded on the west by subareas 15, 16, and 6 and on the southeast by bedrock foothills; excludes the bedrock outlier Mount Angel but includes terrace remnants east of the Molalla River, one east of Canby and another around Mulino. 20. Portland "delta," including all alluvial plains in the vicinity of Portland between Kellogg Creek and the Clackamas River to the south and the Columbia River flood plain to the north. Springfield delta (subarea 1). Along the lower reaches of the Willam- ette and McKenzie Rivers, over the so-called Springfield or McKen- zie River delta, both the younger and the older alluvial deposits contain many interconnected lentils and tongues of highly pervious gravel and coarse sand. One or more of these pervious members has been en­ countered in every well known to have been constructed in the area. Wells 675 to 684, 696, and 712 are typical of numerous irrigation wells, which together serve at least 1,500 acres of land. Most of the existing wells in this area are dug from 6)2 to 25 feet deep and have simple open-bottom casings of wood or concrete tile. Their pene­ tration, the distance they extend below the water table into saturated material, is not more than about 5 feet when the static level of the ground water is lowest nor more than about 12 feet when the water level is highest. The few drilled wells have somewhat greater pene­ tration, but none are more than 12 inches in diameter and none have been thoroughly developed to secure the largest possible yield. Even these simple and relatively shallow wells yield from 250 to 400 gal­ lons a minute, and several have specific capacities of 100 gallons a minute or more for each foot of draw-down. Doubtless, much larger yields could be obtained without excessive draw-down by constructing wells that are adequately screened, ample in diameter, thoroughly developed, and of greater penetration. For wells of similar construction in the highly pervious alluvium, the specific capacity should increase with greater penetration into water-bearing beds; obviously, penetration is limited by the thickness of the alluvial deposit, which is imperfectly known (see pi. 7). The few data available suggest that the greatest thickness may exceed 100 feet, which would afford wells with a penetration and potential capacity many times greater than any now existing. On the other hand, the bedrock floor that underlies the "delta" presum­ ably has moderate relief, somewhat similar to that of the adjoining foothills. Accordingly, the thickness and total water-yielding capacity of the alluvium may vary greatly within small areas.

408526 42 4 44 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Upstream from Springfield the alluvial deposits along the McKenzie River and the Middle Fork are inferred commonly to have a large capacity to yield water. On the other hand, the alluvial tongue that extends along the Coast Fork to the vicinity of Cottage Grove appears to be much less pervious on the average and so does not promise wells of large capacity. Upstream and downstream reaches of the Willamette River flood plain (subareas 2 and 5). Downstream from the Springfield "delta," except through the narrows between Albany and Salem, the tongue of younger alluvium along the Willamette Riverhas fairly uniform capac­ ity to transmit water. Wells 653, 654, 538, 539, 550, 463, 464, and 234, in order downstream, are those most heavily pumped. All are of the simplest construction. Excluding wells 463, 464, and 234, these wells penetrate the water-bearing zone from 4 to 6 feet only, yet they yield as much as 525 gallons a minute, or 1.2 second-feet. Well 234 comprises three driven wells 2 inches.in diameter with a penetration of about 15 feet, yet it yields rather freely. Wells 463 and 464 are deepest; they also have the greatest penetration 18 feet below the lowest static water level and yield 750 gallons a minute, or 1.7 second-feet. Nearly everywhere along these two reaches of the flood plain the younger alluvium is underlain by older alluvium, which also is water-bearing. (See descriptions of subareas 8, 9, 12, and 16.) Thus, wells of thorough construction penetrating the full thickness of the two alluvial deposits promise yields considerably greater than those from existing wells. Over these reaches of the flood plain, the yearly range in ground- water level is about 7 to 13% feet. Thus pumping plants on wells must accommodate a moderate variation in pumping: lift. Middle reach oj the Willamette River flood plain (subarea 3). Through the rock-bound narrows that extends from Albany to Salem, the younger alluvium is quite as pervious as in the reaches next up­ stream and downstream, just described. For example, wells 362 and 368 each yield about 1,000 gallons a minute, or 2.2 second-feet. Well 368 is 12 inches in diameter and penetrates water-bearing sand and gravel 19 feet in thickness; with respect to proportionate diameter and penetration, its yield is comparable to that of well 463, to the south. Well 373 likewise has a large capacity. This middle reach of the flood plain is treated as a distinct ground- water area only because the tongue of younger alluvium probably is not continuously underlain by the older alluvium and because at some places the younger tongue is doubtless thin and rests directly on slightly pervious bedrock, which is largely shale. Thus there is no assurance that a prospective well will encounter pervious beds of sufficient thickness to yield water copiously, especially when the SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 45 ground-water level is lowest. The location and extent of the places of scant yield cannot be determined from the data now available. Lebanon alluvial fan (subarea 4). Along the lower reaches of the North Santiam and South Santiam Rivers the alluvial deposits are similar in thickness and water-yielding capacity to the deposits of the Springfield "delta," previously described. They are similar also in the yearly range of ground-water level, which is from 4 to 9 feet. Wells 562 and 566 to 568 are those pumped most heavily. Northward from Lebanon, along the western edge of the younger alluvial tongue, the older alluvium that underlies the main valley plain also seems to be high in water-yielding capacity and in that respect can scarcely be discriminated. How far westward the older alluvium is so pervious remains unknown; somewhat arbitrarily, however, the limit is placed along Oak and First Periwinkle Creeks. Even though highly pervious, the older alluvium becomes thinner in the most westerly part of the subarea, in particular near the bedrock outlier that borders the subarea at Albany. There, extensive test drilling in wells 503 to 511 found the older alluvium from 28 to 47 feet thick and its water-bearing zone from 22 to 28 feet thick. From the results of this test drilling, the locality was judged unsuitable for a public-supply well field, because a source so shallow would not assure freedom from contamination. However, for irrigation and other uses not requiring water free from harmful bacteria, even that locality probably would sustain a moderate withdrawal of ground water. Canby fan (subarea 6). The younger and older alluvial deposits that have been grouped as the Canby fan doubtless contain pervious members of considerable water-yielding capacity, though little is known as to the extent and thickness of those members. The driller's records of wells 102 and 103, at Canby (table 12), shows the character of the older deposit. At that place it appears to be 281 feet thick and to a depth of 87 feet is composed largely of coarse gravel, but below that depth it is largely "clay" with a few water-bearing beds a foot or two in thickness. In water-yielding capacity the younger alluvial tongue is inferred to be similar to the corresponding tongue along the lower Willamette River. At some places the tongue is doubtless too thin to afford wells of large penetration. Younger alluvial plain of the Columbia Eivtr (subarea 7). Within the area that is shown on plate 1, the younger alluvial deposits of the Columbia River are composed largely of silt and rather fine sand. Shallow wells in this material encounter few beds that yield water freely, and in some wells the yield is barely adequate for individual household supplies. To satisfy the larger need for dairies and irriga­ tion, drilled wells have been sunk to beds of coarse sand and gravel between 85 and 235 feet beneath the flood plain. These deeper 46 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY,, OREG. pervious beds may belong to deposits older than the younger alluvium. Wells 1 to 3, 5 to 14, 16, 17, 34 and 35 are typical; of these, well 34 has the largest yield reported to be 750 gallons a minute, or 1.7 second-feet and is pumped about 8 hours a day throughout the summer. The deeper pervious beds lap out against bedrock so that some wells, such as 4 and 15, fail to develop an adequate supply of water within the alluvium. Eugene-Junction City and Coburg-Harrisburg segments of the main valley plain (subareas 8 and 9). In the southernmost part of the valley, for a width of 2 to 3 miles on either side of the Willamette River flood plain in Tps. 14 to 17 S., much of the older alluvium has a fairly high water-yielding capacity. The several fire-protection wells at Junction City and the deep well recently drilled there for public supply (Nos. 636 and 637, respectively) are among the most productive. Well 637 passed entirely through the older alluvium and entered bedrock of sandy shale between 200 and 233 feet beneath the land surface. It draws water from sand and fine gravel through a 10-foot section of perforated casing from 138 to 148 feet in depth; in this section of casing there are 300 perforations each % inch wide and 1% inches long. Although not gravel-walled artificially, the well has a reported specific capacity of about 10 gallons a minute for eack foot of draw-down. However, as is shown by the driller's record (table 12), it draws from only a small fraction of the total thickness of water-bearing beds and, owing to requirements of sanitation, not at all from the most pervious beds, which are at shallow depth. For irrigation, much larger yields probably could be obtained from wells of adequate construction drawing from all pervious beds. For permanence, heavily pumped wells tapping the finer pervious beds at depth should be adequately screened, possibly also artificially gravel- walled, and thoroughly developed to arrest-the movement of sand. Not all parts of the older plain in these two subareas of the valley are underlain by pervious beds with a water-yielding capacity equal to that at Junction City. For example, wells 655 and 656 are some­ what inadequate in yield for efficient irrigation, though they are not known to have reached the bottom of the older alluvium and so to have exhausted the possibility of finding beds of high-water-yielding- capacity. In general the ground-water productiveness of the two subareas probably diminishes somewhat gradually away from the Willamette River. The precise western and eastern limits of the highly productive area cannot be traced with the data now at hand; they must be felt out by further well construction and may deviate considerably from the tentative limits that have been arbitrarily defined and shown on plate 10. Elmira segment of the main valley plain (subarea 10). In the extreme southwestern part of the Willamette Valley, along the Long SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 47

Tom River in Tps. 15 to 17 S., R. 15 W., and eastward to a point about 2 miles beyond Fern Ridge, the upper part of the older alluvium is largely unassorted and contains much fine sand and silt. Accord­ ingly, shallow wells do not yield copiously. No records of deep wells are available to indicate the water-yielding capacity of the alluvium at depth, though the capacity is inferred to be small and very prob­ ably inadequate to sustain large irrigation wells. Brownsville-Albany segment of the main valley plain (subarea 11). Although bounded on all sides except, the eastern by subareas of large water-yielding capacity, the Brownsville-Albany segment of the older alluvial plain comprises areas that range widely in water-yielding capacity. However, the data now available do not permit close discrimination of those areas. In the central part of the segment, southward from the vicinity of Tangent to Halsey and thence east­ ward toward Brownsville, there are many dwellings and farms amply supplied with water from the older alluvium by driven or drilled wells less than 4 inches in diameter and from 20 to 70 feet deep. Wells 551 to 553, 584 to 586, 590, 605, 606, and 620 are typical. The older alluvium promises relatively large yields to adequately constructed wells of greater diameter and depth, though the yield would probably not be uniform over all parts of the segment. The yearly range of ground-water level is not excessive, about 15 feet at the most. There are few data to show the thickness of the alluvium, but the thickness diminishes greatly along the Calapooya River near Brownsville. In contrast with the area just described, in at least two extensive parts of the segment much of the older alluvium is rather tight and numerous wells are not wholly adequate for domestic and farm supplies. These parts are the triangle that extends eastward from Muddy and Dry Muddy Creeks to the foothills in the southern half of T. 14 S. and across all of T. 15 S. and an ill-defined belt 1^ to 5 miles wide along the east edge of the segment in Tps. 11 and 12 S. and the northern two-thirds of T. 13 S. Along the west edge of the segment in Tps. 11-14 S., from Albany southward about to Lake Creek, the older alluvium is inferred to be underlain at relatively shallow depth by a ridge of bedrock sliale whose highest parts rise slightly above the alluvial plain in scattered outliers. (See pi. 1.) Although the older alluvium there appears to be mod­ erately or highly pervious, it may prove too thin at some places to sustain large withdrawals of water, as at wells 466, 467, and 473 to 482, which are near the most northerly bedrock outlier, near Albany. Analogous conditions doubtless exist not only near the other outliers but possibly some distance from them as well. In this western part of the segment the yearly range in water level is large 21}£ feet at well 486 in 1935-36. 48 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY,, OREG.

Corvallis segment oj the main valley plain (subarea 12). Beneath that part of the main valley plain which lies west of the Willamette River near Corvallis, in Tps. 11-14 S., much of the older alluvium is judged to be moderately pervious, though at some places it is prob­ ably too thin for sustained large withdrawals. Most of the wells are less than 4 inches in diameter; they were driven or drilled to depths of 25 to 45 feet and are not heavily pumped. Wells 460 and 573 are the two of greatest known capacity in the area; they suggest the feasibility of constructing wells for moderately large yield. In this area the yearly range in water level is about as large as in any part of the Willamette Valley. In 1935-36 the range was 27 feet at well 459, 21 feet at well 540, and 17 feet at wells 574 and 575. In selecting pumps for wells in this area, therefore, special consideration should be given to this hydrologic feature. Monmouth-Independence segment and minor segments oj the main valley plain near Albany (subareas 13 and 14). Beneath the discon­ tinuous segments of the main valley plain that lie on both sides of the Williamette River in the narrows between Albany and Salem, the older alluvium is somewhat diverse in texture and in capacity to yield water. There much of the alluvium is quite unsorted and tight so that it yields water slowly, as at well 376 near Monmouth and well 441 near Albany. At Independence, on the other hand, well 372 encountered gravel that appears to have yielded water somewhat freely. Commonly in these areas the older alluvium is moderately thin and at no place nearly so pervious as the younger alluvium of the adjacent flood plain. Owing to the diverse conditions just de­ scribed, which are known only superficially from the data now avail­ able, it seems unlikely that these scattered areas will sustain large withdrawals of water from many wells. Stayton-Mill Creek basin (subarea 15). The older alluvial fan that extends westward from Stayton, in Tps. 8 and 9 S., Rs. 1 and 2 W., is composed largely of coarse gravel, which is saturated with water to within 15 feet of the land surface, or less. Some of the gravel pre­ sumably is well assorted and highly pervious. The thickness of the alluvial deposit is estimated to be about 100 feet. The existing wells are of the simplest construction and ordinarily not more than 25 feet deep; they do not afford a measure of the ultimate water-yielding capacity of the deposit. In general, however, conditions appear favorable for wells of moderate or large yield, if the wells are adequate in diameter, penetration, and type of construction. To the north, in the vicinity of Salem, ground-water conditions along Mill Creek and eastward to the Little Pudding River are rather well known from the records of existing wells. Along the western edge of the area, in Salem, the alluvium is relatively thin and yields no more than 100 gallons of water a minute to wells such as Nos. SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 49

331%, 331%, 340, and 341. A short distance to the east, wells 333 to 335 pass through water-bearing beds in the older alluvium but are tightly cased, probably into the underlying bedrock. Still farther east, several wells draw rather heavily from the older alluvium. Wells 297%, 338, 338%, 360, and 384 are representative; these have reported yields of 150 to 500 gallons a minute and reported specific capacities from 1.4 to 16.5 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. Driller's records (table 12) indicate that this wide range in specific capacity is due to beds of "cemented gravel," "hardpan," or "packed sand" of considerable aggregate thickness in certain wells. These beds, probably unassorted mixtures of pebbles and sand in an earthy or clayey matrix, would naturally have small capacity to transmit water. Probably, however, no one bed of this sort underlies all the area, and the water-bearing beds are interconnected to some extent Under such conditions wells of similar size and construction may differ considerably in specific capacity, but the area as a whole prob­ ably will sustain a considerable aggregate withdrawal of water. To the east, this northern part of the Stayton-Mill Creek basin abuts on an older terrane whose capacity to yield ground water seems in general to be very much less (see pp. 53-54). The eastward extent of the area of greater potential yield is not indicated by features exposed on the land surface and is not defined by the records of wells now available. The limit that has been set somewhat arbitrarily, the Little Pudding Kiver, may ultimately prove to be considerably in error. French Prairie (subarea 16). With respect to the occurrence and potential yield of ground water, French Prairie, the most extensive segment of the main valley plain north of Salem, is quite distinct from any other subarea of the lowland plains thus far treated. In general, two bodies of ground-water exist. The first is semiperched water that supplies numerous shallow farm wells from the fine-grained upper part of the unconsolidated deposit (p.31). It is yielded much too slowly to sustain any large continual draft, such as for irrigation. The second is water confined under head in beds of clean sand and gravel in the lower part of the deposit. It is now withdrawn in moderate volume for public and private supplies and for irrigation and would doubtless sustain a much greater withdrawal. In the central part of the area, at irrigation well 245 near Gervais, the confined water has been found in three previous zones that are thick and presumably extensive, also in several thin zones that may not be extensive. The driller's record (p. 138) shows the character and thickness of these zones; the physical properties of samples from the lowest zone are shown on page 31. Only one well in the area, No. 168, is deeper, and for it no complete driller's record is available. Briefly, the three principal pervious zones penetrated by well 245 are 50 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY,, OREG. at depths of 68 feet, 117 feet, and 218 feet below the land surface. The upper zone consists of a 13-foot bed of sand and fine gravel; the middle zone is a 45-foot bed of gravel and sand with a 3-foot interbed of pebbly clay; and the lower zone consists of 25}£ feet of gravel and sand with one thin clay interbed, cemented in part. The well was tightly cased through the upper zone and was reduced from 18 to 6 inches in diameter through the lower zone, so it draws most of its water from the middle pervious zone. From April to August 1931 the well was pumped about 525 hours, its yield ranged between 875 and 940 gallons a minute, or 1.9 to 2.1 second-feet, and its greatest draw-down and pumping lift were about 49 feet and 69 feet, respec­ tively. The specific capacity of the well is moderate, about 18 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. The extent of these three water-bearing zones can be traced only approximately. The data available from wells suggest that all three zones tend to become thinner and finer-textured toward the north and west. Possibly the third or lowest zone extends the farthest in those directions. In altitude above sea level the first or upper zone in well 245 corresponds to the coarse gravel that supplies well 297%, about 9 miles to the southwest and just beyond the edge of French Prairie; to the uppermost pervious zone in well 247, two-thirds of a mile to the west, and in wells 261}£ to 263 at Woodburn, 3 miles to the northeast; and to the water-bearing zone at the bottom of well 169, about 7 miles to the northwest. Records of wells still farther north do not report pervious material at that altitude. Pervious strata about equal in altitude to the second or middle water-bearing zone are penetrated by all known wells of adequate depth as far eastward as wells 259 and 301, about 2 miles beyond the prairie, southward to well 299, and northward to well 164. Still farther north and west, corresponding pervious material apparently was not found in well 176 at Aurora, near the northeast corner of the prairie; in wells 159 and 160, just south of the Willamette River; nor in well 153, beyond the prairie to the west. Accordingly, this second zone seems to underlie all or nearly all the southern two-thirds of the prairie, locally to extend eastward somewhat -beyond the prairie, but to feather out toward the north and west near the Willamette River. Beyond the supposed feather edge, wells of adequate depth find water at still lower horizons that are equivalent, at least in part, to the lowest pervious zone of the well near Gervais. These remote wells include Nos. 176, 159, and 153, to which reference has just been made. The moderate specific capacity of the irrigation well near Gervais 18 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down indicates that the water is drawn from material which is moderately but not extremely pervious. As has been stated, most of the draft is from the second zone of confined water but, so far as can be judged from their textures, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WAMB-SUPF&Y PAPER 890 PLJkTK 8

38? =

380 E

1928 1929 1930 1935 1936 WATER-LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS IN 12 WELLS IN THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY AND AT TWO STATIONS ON THE WILLAMETTE RIVER, 1928-30 AND 1935-3*. GEOLOGICAL SUEVBY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 880 PLATE 10

R.5W. R.3 W. R.2 W. R. I W. R.I E. R.2 C.

T.2N.

T.I6 S.

(Numbers refer to descn'ption in text)

MAP OF THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY SHOWING PRINCIPAL SUBAREAS OF THE CENTRAL LOWLAND WITH RESPECT TO YIELD OF GROUND WATER.

SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 51 all three water-bearing zones are about equally pervious at that place. To the extent that each zone tends to become thinner and finer- textured toward the north and west, its perviousness would tend to decrease somewhat in those directions and its total water-yielding capacity to diminish even more. As more wells are constructed to draw heavily from these zones, an appreciable decline in pressure head of the water will follow inevitably. As has been suggested, however, it is believed that the present yearly withdrawal can be increased very materially without diminishing the pressure head excessively, that is, without surpassing the safe yield. But the precise magnitude of the safe yield is not determinable from data now available. To assure long life, wells that draw heavily from the deeper pervious zones beneath French Prairie must be adequately screened and thoroughly developed. In these respects, well 245 near Gervais has proved somewhat deficient in construction. The casing in that well was perforated in place and no gravel was placed around the casing to form an artificial envelope. In service, a considerable amount of sand has been discharged with the water, and the beds above the water-bearing zone have subsided, even up to the land surface. Under such conditions, combined with continuous heavy draft, the overlying beds may cave suddenly and in such volume as to retard the move­ ment of water toward a well or even to destroy a well by crushing the casing. In future this hazard may be abated by determining the sizes of the grains in the water-bearing materials through sieve analyses of an adequate set of samples and choosing a well screen with ports or openings of suitable width. After a suitable screen has been placed, the newly' constructed well may be "rawhided" or otherwise developed. If the well is constructed by perforating the casing in place, which may produce openings too wide to restrain the sand properly, screened gravel of suitable size may be inserted around the casing during the development until a stable envelope of coarse grains is formed. In this type of construction, the gravel envelope commonly is extended above the water-bearing zone or even to the land surface, thereby forming a reservoir of highly pervious material to replace any sand that might otherwise be drawn through the perforated casing after the well is in use. Dayton Prairie and adjacent areas (subarea 17). Topographically and genetically, Dayton Prairie and the adjacent parts of the main lowland plain west and north of the Willamette River are strictly analogous to French Prairie, but in spite of common genesis the two areas are unlike in the relative extent of their principal water-bearing strata. In part, this difference is determined by the form of the common bedrock floor that underlies all the lowland plains. In general the bedrock is impervious shale and earthy sandstone. The older unconsolidated deposit, which forms the prairies and contains 52 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. the three water-bearing zones of the French Prairie area, rests on the impervious bedrock and along the margin of the main lowland plain, thins to a feather edge as it laps over the sloping bedrock surface. Thus, along that margin, there is a belt in which the water-bearing zones are cut off successively by overlap on the bedrock; obviously, the deepest pervious zone is cut off farthest from the margin of the plain. With respect to Dayton Prairie, which lies in an alcove extend­ ing deep into the foothills of the Coast Range, the belt of overlap appears to be rather wide at many places, except possibly in R. 3 W. (See pi. 7.) Of 42 drilled wells on Dayton Prairie for which adequate records are available, one-third passed through the unconsolidated deposit without finding sufficient water for individual household supplies. Of the remaining wells, 7 found water at about the same altitude above sea level as the upper or first zone of confined water beneath French Prairie. These occur northeast of McMinnville in sees. 1, 2, 11, and 12, T. 4 N., R. 4 W.; southwest of McMinnville in sees. 1 and 12, T. 4 N., R. 5 W.; and far to the east in sec. 8, T. 5 N., R. 3 W. At the altitude of the second zone 17 wells found water; these are widely scattered over all the Dayton Prairie area. None of these wells found the pervious zones in the unconsolidated deposit to be as thick or as pervious as in the area east of the Willamette River; only three wells 125, 194 (?), and 214 have specific capacities as large as 1 gallon a minute for 1 foot of draw-down. In general, it is inferred that the upper two zones of confined water which occur beneath French Prairie that is, east of the Willamette River extend discontinuously beneath the river flood plain and far into the Dayton Prairie area; also that there the zones thin markedly and finger out irregularly by gradation into nonpervious material and by overlap on the bedrock. Where these zones are thickest and of coarsest texture, wells of adequate construction might yield sufficient water for irrigation on a modest scale. However, no specific areas so productive of water can be delimited from data now available; if proved by future drilling, their extent must be felt out by cautious exploration. Only three wells of the Dayton Prairie area wells 139, 140, and 153 are known to have found water in the unconsolidated deposit at an altitude corresponding to that of the third zone beneath French Prairie. All three are less than a mile west of the Willamette River. Probably this deep pervious zone does not extend far westward beneath Dayton Prairie but wedges out by overlap on the bedrock in R.3W. The Dayton Prairie area includes the tongues of younger alluvium along the two forks of the Yambill River. Like the younger alluvium along the Willamette River, these tongues doubtless hold unconfined SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 53

ground water. To a considerable extent, however, they appear to be composed of material too fine or too poorly sorted to be extremely pervious, and so probably will yield water only moderately or slowly. Information now at hand does not indicate whether these tongues are so thick that wells can have sufficient penetration to yield adequate irrigation supplies. Tualatin Valley (subarea 18). So far as known to the writer, the unconsolidated deposits over most of the Tualatin Valley are of rela­ tively fine texture and of small or moderate water-yielding capacity. Along the Tualatin River and lower Gales Creek in the vicinity of Forest Grove, the younger alluvium contains coarse sand and gravel and might yield water rather freely. However, data from wells are not at hand to indicate either the water-yielding capacity or the thickness of the deposit. The deposit that underlies the main valley plain, like the corresponding deposit beneath French Prairie to the south, is fine and rather tight to a considerable depth below the land surface. Locally at least, the lower part of the deposit yields water, as in well 23 at Hillsboro. That well passed through water-bearing sand from 135 to 180 feet beneath the land surface and then entered impervious bedrock, largely soft shale. During construction, a driller's test indicated a yield of 75 gallons a minute with a draw-down of 35 feet; thus, the specific capacity was rather small, slightly more than 2 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. It is reported that another well has been sunk there through the same zone and, after thorough development, it yielded more copiously. It is pre­ sumed that the sand is stream-laid and therefore would tend to be coarser and more pervious toward the west. With adequately con­ structed wells it might yield water sufficient for irrigation. However, the deposit seems not to contain pervious beds beneath all the valley plain, for numerous farm wells, such as well 20, have been sunk far iiito the bedrock to obtain dependable supplies. Molalla pediment and related parts of the central lowland (subarea 19). Along the eastern edge of the central lowland from Salem northward to Canby there is a gently rolling belt between 4 and 9 miles wide that rises eastward from the main valley plain. Toward the north it includes a conspicuous alluvial slope, or pediment, whose highest part is at Molalla (p. 11). The northern half of this belt, if not all of it, is underlain by partly consolidated bedrock (p. 54), which is older than the main valley plain and to the west extends beneath that plain. The Molalla pediment is veneered with poorly assorted coarse sand and gravel that supplies numerous farm wells that were dug from 20 to 30 feet deep. However, this veneer is thin and is cut entirely through by many creek valleys and gullies, so that it would not sustain a continual large withdrawal of water. Beneath this veneer, the ma- 54 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

terial that underlies the pediment is largely "clay" and "shale" and includes only a few water-bearing beds. (See driller's records for wells 188 and 281, table 12.) These beds have small capacity to yield water. Wells 271, 281, and 282 yield only a small fraction of a gallon a minute for each foot of draw-down. Well 188, about 2 miles west of the edge of the pediment, passes through the feather edge of the deposit that forms the main valley plain and extends far down into material that is inferred to be partly consolidated bedrock. Even though the principal water-bearing bed in that well occurs in the over-lapping younger deposit, the specific capacity is only about 0.4 gallon a minute for each foot of draw-down. Material so slightly pervious as the water-bearing beds penetrated by these wells certainly will not sustain continual withdrawals of more than a few gallons or tens of gallons a minute from single wells. Accordingly they do not seem adequate for efficient irrigation wells. Conditions such as those just described may prevail in all the relatively high and rolling lowland terrane beyond the Molalla pedi­ ment to the south that is, from Butte Creek to the vicinity of Mount Angel and again from Silverton about to the Little Pudding River. In these areas, the old terrane, which is not highly productive of water, abuts against the French Prairie subarea on the west and the Mill Creek subarea on the south, both of which have relatively large capacity to yield water. The boundary between the older nonpro­ ductive deposit and the overlapping productive beds to the west and south cannot now be traced precisely but has been fixed somewhat arbitrarily (p. 42). It can be felt out by cautious further drilling. Portland "delta" (subarea 20). At the land surface, the area of the so-called Portland delta includes several distinct unconsolidated stream deposits of Quaternary age. At depth the area is underlain, at least in part, by semiconsolidated deposits of early Quaternary or latest Tertiary age, chiefly by the Troutdale formation of Hodge (p. 23). During the reconnaissance that forms the basis of this report, only cursory attention was given to the character, extent, and stratigraphic relations of these deposits; also, records were obtained from only a few typical wells (Nos. 26-33, 36-39, 55-60, and 62-67). Although these data indicate several distinct water-bearing zones, they are not adequate to discriminate the zones sharply with respect to depth beneath the land surface, lateral extent, and relative pressure head of the water. In reported yield, the typical wells range between 50 and 1,000 gallons a minute; in reported specific capacity, commonly from 10 to about 33 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. It is judged that the area will sustain a much greater aggregate withdrawal and will readily afford wells of capacities adequate for irrigation and for many industrial purposes. GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. 55

FLOWING WELLS Certain pervious beds in both the unconsolidated deposits and underlying consolidated rocks of the Willamette Valley contain water under sufficient pressure head to rise above the land surface and so to yield flowing wells. However, the known areas of artesian flow are few, small, and scattered; none yield copiously by artesian head alone. Further, some of the flowing wells in the consolidated rocks yield salt water. With one exception, the flowing wells known to yield water from the unconsolidated deposits are in the northern half of the lowland, between Salem and Canby, and on the flanks or floors of the larger stream trenches. These wells are Nos. 176,233, and 268; all three are inferred to draw water from deposits related to the older alluvium. All have small pressure heads at the land surface and so flow but slightly; however, it is not known whether the wells are so cased that none of the artesian head is dissipated by leakage into nonartesian aquifers. Corresponding areas of artesian flow doubtless extend only to a moderate height above the floors of the several stream trenches. Their extent along the trenches is suggested by the contours of pressure head for tightly cased deep wells (pi. 1). This head appears adequate to yield flowing wells over much of the Willamette River flood plain from the vicinity of Salem northward about to Newberg, in Tps. 4 to 6 S.; on the lower flanks and floor of the Pudding River and Butte Creek trenches downstream from the vicinity of Monitor, in Tps. 4 and 5 S.; and, possibly, in some other low areas such as the Lake Labish trench. The areas of artesian flow terminate northward as the pervious zones feather out (see p. 50) and southward as the pervious zones lap against older and tighter material (see p. 54). The one well in the southern half of the lowland known to flow from the older alluvium, No. 566, is near the apex of the Lebanon alluvial fan but low on the flank of a shallow drain. In that well the artesian flow is variable and commonly ceases in late summer when the pressure head is least. If the artesian head is the result of the water-bearing zone fingering into less pervious material, as seems probable, the po­ tential area of flow is not extensive. Wells that flow by artesian pressure from the consolidated rocks are scattered widely the full length of the Willamette Valley and derive water from numerous stratigraphic zones. Apparently there are numerous areas of artesian flow, but none are extensive and none of the wells flow very copiously. In and near Portland the west flank of the Willamette syncline and the southeastward-plunging anticline that underlies the Tualatin Valley together afford an artesian slope. The uppermost bedrock formation of that slope, the Yakima basalt, is the probable source of water for flowing wells 26, 51, and 74. How- 56 GROUND WATEB OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

ever, water-bearing zones in that formation are discontinuous and appear to have distinct pressure heads; also, the land surface on that formation has a relief of about 1,000 feet. Thus, flowing wells can be obtained only in small areas that are indeterminate in extent and location. For example, well 51 flows rather copiously, yet well 53 does not flow, although it is only half a mile to the east, and is 400 feet deeper and some 20 feet below the reported static water level of well 51. About 3}£ miles southeast of flowing well 74, at a point seemingly lower on the artesian slope and lower in altitude of land surface, another well No. 76 is considerably deeper and yet does not flow. However, neither well is tightly cased through shallow pervious zones, so that some pressure head may be dissipated in either well or both. West of these flowing wells are wells 18, 20, 44, and 45 which flow slightly from sedimentary rocks in the same artesian slope. These rocks are tentatively inferred to lie stratigraphically beneath the basalt, which has been breached by erosion along the axis of the plunging anticline. It seems unlikely that these rocks will yield flowing wells over an extensive part of the Tualatin Valley plain, for in general they contain only a few discontinuous pervious zones. (See p. 26.) Southwest of the Tualatin Valley, about 5 miles northeast of McMinnville, well 110 flows a trickle, presumably from sedimentary rocks below the Yakima basalt. This well yields "mineral water" from an unknown depth below the land surface. Its pressure lead is so small that similar flowing wells could be obtained only within a very narrow belt along the footslope of the bedrock hills. Still farther south, along and near the west edge of the central low­ land, beds of sandstone and sandy shale in the Eocene rocks yield or have yielded water under sufficient pressure head to flow at wells 287, 457, 577, 593, 597, and 610. In general, these rocks form an artesian slope that dips gently eastward beneath the central lowland. However, they are relatively impervious, and the pressure head of their water is not adequate for flowing wells high above the lowland plain; so large yields by artesian pressure are unlikely. Wells 287 and 610 are reported to have yielded salt water, well 610 from a depth of only 300 feet beneath the main lowland plain. Flowing well 564, near Lebanon, taps volcanic rock, possibly correlative to the Yakima basalt, very near the west margin of the lowland. Flowing well 713, at Eugene, finds its water in igneous rock associated with the Eugene formation, of Oligocene age. At neither place is the extent of the area of artesian flow known. CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF THE GROUND WATER Table 9 shows the chemical character of water samples from 35 wells in the Willamette Valley. Of these, 28 samples were taken from wells in the unweathered younger or older alluvium, 3 from wells CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF GROUND WATER 57 in the weathered terrace deposit, and 4 from wells that penetrate bed­ rock. Figure 3 shows graphically the results of analyses of the waters from 20 of the wells. These chemical analyses show the mineral content of the water, but they show little with respect to the sanitary quality. Thus, from the analyses the suitability of the waters for the common industrial or commercial uses and for irrigation can be determined, but not their suitability for human consumption. Waters that contain less than 500 parts per million of dissolved solids ordinarily are suitable for domestic purposes and for many industrial and commercial uses, except for the inconveniences that may be caused by their hardness. Most but not all waters that con­ tain more than 1,000 parts per million are likely to have a perceptible taste and to be unsatisfactory for ordinary uses owing to an excessive amount of some one or several constituents. According to these limits, all waters in the unconsolidated deposits of the Willamette Valley appear to be quite satisfactory for most ordinary uses; but certain waters from the consolidated rocks are unsatisfactory. (See p. 64.) With respect to ordinary uses, the chemical suitability of the ground waters of the Willamette Valley depends largely on the content oi calcium and magnesium, the constituents that cause essentially all the hardness of a water. A hard water, of course, requires more s oap to be used in laundering; it forms scale in steam boilers, hot-water tanks, and other receptacles; and it must be treated to render it suitable for some common industrial-chemical processes. Water with hardness less than 50 is commonly regarded as soft, and requires no treatment to condition it for many ordinary purposes.14 The limits of hardness below which the cost of treatment to soften a water is not justified are about as follows: 50 parts per million for the smaller laundries or other industries that use considerable soap, much less than 50 parts per million for the larger laundries and for dyeing and bleaching works; 100 parts per million for supply to small boilers and very much less for supply to large modern high-pressure boilers, to prevent the foimation of scale; and 200 parts per million or less for domestic uses. In the treatment of municipal supplies, the present tendency is to furnish water with a residual hardness of about 80 parts per million. So far as is shown by the analyses in table 9, the hardness of the water in unconsolidated deposits of the Willamette Valley is commonly between 50 and 150 parts per million, though in one sample (No. 690) the hardness was only 9.5 parts per million. Thus, water from these deposits need not be softened for many uses. On the other hand, the water in the consolidated sedimentary rocks is commonly very hard. 14 Much of this general discussion of the chemical character of water is adapted from Collins, W. D., and Howard, C. S., Chemical character of waters of Florida: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 596, pp. 181-186, 1928. Or GO

FIGUKE 3. Chemical character of waters from 20 wells in the Willamctte Valley. Numbers refer to wells described in the text. Source of water: Qyal, younger allu­ vium; Qoal, older alluvium and related material; Qt, terrace deposit; Tu, consolidated rocks of Tertiary age. CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF GROUND WATER 59

In irrigation, the chemical character of the water used is critical both with respect to the tolerance of the crop plant toward the concentration of salts in the root zone and with respect to maintenance of good tilth and suitable permeability in the soil. Other critical factors include the quantity of water applied to the land, rainfall, chemical and physical characteristics of the soil, and drainage. Scofield 15 has proposed limits for the concentration of certain constitu­ ents by which to judge whether the water is satisfactory for irrigation. These limits are shown by the following table:

TABLE 8. Approximate limits indicating the suitability of a water for irrigation

[Parts per million except as indicated]

Constituent Satisfactory water Unsatisfactory water

More than 2,000. Sulphate, SO4 . -- - ._. -.--.---.--..--. _ 192^. -______--___ _.__ 480. Chloride, Cl______. ______142 355. 50 ... .. 60.

i Percent sodium= , in which the three chemical constituents are expressed in equivalents in parts per million.

According to Scofield a water classified by these limits as satis­ factory for irrigation is unlikely to cause root-zone conditions in­ tolerable to ordinary crop plants or to impair seriously the physical condition of the soil. A water classified as unsatisfactory in one of the four constituents may prove intolerable to crop plants or may tend to render the soil impermeable and of such consistency that good tilth is difficult to maintain. A water whose concentration of sulphate or chloride is greater than the satisfactoiy limit but less than the unsatisfactory limit may be used successfully for irrigating tolerant plants if the soil is adequately drained and if the water is applied so copiously that the root zone is continually leached. By these limits, all water in the uncoiisolidated deposits of the Willamette Valley is highly satisfactory for irrigation and only certain waters from the consolidated rocks are unsatisfactory. If a water contains much more than 0.1 part per million of iron, the excess iron commonly separates out as a reddish-brown sludge when the water is allowed to stand; also, it may stain cooking utensils and fabrics that are laundered. For some industrial-chemical pro­ cesses, such as the manufacture of paper or rayon products, the upper limit of dissolved iron that can be tolerated in the water is even less than 0.1 part per million. Of the 31 samples of water from wells in the unconsolidated deposits of the Willamette Valley, only 13 con­ tained 0.1 part or less per million of dissolved iron; all these were from

» Scofield, C. S., South Coastal Basin investigation, quality of irrigation waters: California Dept. Public Works, Water Resources Div., Bull. 40, pp. 21-24, 1933. 408526 42 5 60 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 9. Chemical analyses of water from

Tem­ Date of pera­ No. Description sample ture

101 Canby, 2H miles northwest of; in the NWKSWJ4 sec. 30, T. 3 S., R. 1 E. Oct. 10,1928 52 Bored well 10 inches in diameter and 57 feet deep. Isaac A. Miley estate. Water from valley fill. 102 Canby, municipal supply; in the NWMSWJ4 sec. 33, T. 3 S., R. 1 E. do.. 53 Drilled well 8 inches in diameter and 107 feet deep (No. 1). Water from gravel (valley fill). 103 do 60 Drilled well 8 inches in diameter and 652 feet deep (No. 2). Water from "fine sand" (volcanic tuff?). 133 McMinnville, 3 miles east of; in the SWMSWM sec, 24, T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Oct. 15,1928 52 Bored well 12 inches in diameter and 41 feet deep. A J. Mott. Water from valley fill. Dayton, 3M miles southeast of; in the NWMSEJ4 sec. 26, T. 4 S., R. 3 W. Oct. 13,1928 52 Drilled well 6 inches in diameter and 40 feet deep. R. II. Wood. Water from sand and gravel (young alluvium) . 164 St. Paul, 1 mile east of; in the SWJ4NE}.| sec. 20, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Oct. 10,1928 52 Drilled well 6 inches in diameter and 147 feet deep. Wm. Gooding. Water from valley fill. 171 St. Paul, 4 miles southeast of; in the SEMSEJ4 sec. 34, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. . .do --- 53 Dug well 18 inches in diameter and 20 feet deep. Johnson School. Water from valley fill. 182 do . 54 Drilled well 8 inches in diameter and 130 feet deep. Water from valley fill. Known locally as "sulphur water." 203 Sheridan, 3H miles east of; in the NE^NEJi sec. 32, T. 5 S., R. 5 W. Oct. 15, 1928 52 Dug well 4 feet in diameter and 32 feet deep. Wm. Filler. Water from valley fill. 228 Gervais, 5 miles northwest of; in the SEJ^SWM sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 3 W. Oct. 10,1928 50 Dug well 2 feet in diameter and 29^4 feet deep. S. F. Parker. Water from valley fill. 247 Gervais, municipal supply; in the SWJ4NEJ4 sec. 26, T. 5 S., R. 2 W. Oct. 20,1928 56 Drilled well 10 inches in diameter and 140 feet deep (No. 2). Water from gravel and coarse sand (valley fill). 274 Molalla, 3}^ miles west of; in the NEJ4SWJ4 sec. 11, T. 5 S., R. 1 E. Oct. 10,1928 52 Dug well 4 feet in diameter and 27 feet deep. District school. Water from terrace deposit. 294 Salem, 6}^ miles northwest of; in the SEJ4SEJ4 sec. 28, T. 6 S., R. 3 W. Oct. 13,1928 52 Driven well 1J4 inches in diameter and 31 feet deep. J. J. Burton. Water from valley fill. 300 Gervais, 4}^ miles southeast of; in the S WJ^SEM sec. 13, T. 6 S., R. 2 W...... do ... 52 Dug well yyz feet in diameter and 21 feet deep. R. O. Dunn. Water from "quicksand" (valley fill). 963 Salem, Madison and 14th Streets; in the NWJ4NEJ4 sec. 23, T. 7 S., R. ... .-do ... 56 3 W. Drilled well 10 inches in diameter and 248}^ feet deep. Oregon Linen Mills, Inc. Water from basalt (?). 342 West Salem, municipal supply; in the NWJ^NEM sec. 28, T. 7 S., R. 3 .... _do - ... 54 W. Dug well 14 feet in diameter and 34 feet deep. Water from young alluvium. 350 Silverton, 5 miles southwest of; in the SEMSEJ4 sec. 12, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. do. 52 Dug well 47 feet deep. R. J. Janz. Water from gravel (old allu­ vium). 373 Independence, municipal supply; in the SEJ4NWJ4 sec. 28, T. 8 S., R. 4 -do - 54 W. Gang of three drilled wells 8 inches in diameter and about 45 feet deep. Mountain States Power Co., Albany, Oreg. Water from young alluvium. 465 Corvallis, 1 mile east of; in the SWKSEJ4 sec. 36, T. 11 S., R. 5 W...... do ... 52 Driven well 1J4 inches in diameter and 28 feet deep. East farm of Oregon State Agricultural Colleee. Water from old (?) alluvium. 490 Albany, 5% miles southwest of; in"the NWJ^SE^ sec. 33, T. 11 S., R. 4 Oct. 12,1928 54 W. Drilled well i inches in diameter and 295 feet deep. P. A. Good- win. Water from shale (bedrock of Tertiary age). 494- ..... do...... 498 Driven well 1J4 inches in diameter and 41 feet deep. Albany Floral Co. Water from gravel (old alluvium). 519 Lebanon, 5 miles northeast of; in the NW^NEJ^ sec. 24, T. 11 S., R. 2 W...... do 54 Drilled well 4 inches in diameter and 73 feet deep. Griggs School, district 4. Water from terrace deposit (?). 530 Corvallis, 1 mile south of; in the SE^SWM sec. 2, T. 12 S., R. 5 W...... do ... 54 Drilled well 3 inches in diameter and 32 feet deep. Shell Co. of Cali­ fornia. Water from gravel (old ? alluvium). CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF GROUND WATER 61 representative wells in the Willamette Valley [Margaret D. Foster, analyst]

Analyses (parts per million)

Total dis­ Cal­ Mag­ So­ Po­ Bicar­ Sul­ Chlo­ Ni­ Total Per­ solved Silica Iron ne­ tas­ hard­ cent cium sium dium bonate phate ride trate so­ No. solids (SiOs) (Fe)' (Ca) (Na) sium (HCOs) (Cl) (N03) ness as at 180° (Mg) (K) (S04) CaCO32 dium 3 C.

112 60 0.56 8.7 7.0 4.1 1.1 62 5.4 1.8 0.05 50 17.0 101

163 41 .19 24 11 7.4 1.8 132 5.0 4.0 2.4 105 14.9 102

326 45 .21 11 5.5 93 2.9 258 4.1 29 .96 50 80.4 103

197 21 .23 40 10 12 1.4 160 17 10 3.8 141 16.5 133

132 42 .37 15 8.0 7.2 1.3 88 5.5 2.6 5.3 70 19.8 145H

179 43 5.27 27 11 12 1.7 165 3.3 2.5 .10 113 20.1 164

173 28 .15 41 4.4 9.0 1.2 159 5.8 3.0 1.0 121 14.9 171

123 41 .50 17 6. 3 5.6 1.4 88 4.9 2.6 .45 68 17.0 182

188 39 .37 29 11 14 1.0 146 4.3 10 7.8 118 21.2 203

198 19 .46 17 6.1 26 6.0 57 12 26 43 68 48.7 228

204 48 1.17 25 18 15 1.7 193 2.9 3.5 1.1 136 20.3 247

104 41 .19 12 2.1 5.9 1.0 48 4.2 2.4 5.2 39 26.8 274

129 42 .15 16 10 3.5 .4 92 5.8 5.0 4.0 81 9.1 291

134 59 .23 12 5.9 6.7 1.0 63 4.2 5.8 4.2 54 22.6 300

146 46 .02 17 12 8.7 1.2 130 3.5 3.0 .0 92 18.2 333

156 57 .10 18 10 9.1 .7 109 5.3 5.5 2.8 86 19.4 342

114 34 2.13 11 4.5 7.6 .6 35 4.8 11 15 46 27.3 350

188 44 .12 24 15 13 1.3 145 8.2 12 3.6 122 19.7 373

113 41 .02 12 8.6 5.2 .7 80 3.5 3.2 2.3 65 15.7 465

4,967 15 1.03 324 62 1,450 14 100 1.9 2,956 .0 1,064 74.9 490

U9I- 116 38 .05 12 6.9 5.7 1.6 71 4.4 2.4 6.7 58 19.8 U98

150 25 .93 7.1 3.5 38 2.2 132 3.0 5.5 1.0 32 72.7 519

230 45 .04 34 14 22 1.6 182 2.7 28 .10 142 25.9 530

1 Includes iron precipitated at time of analysis. 2 Calculated. 3 After Scofleld; see explanation in text. 62 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 9. Chemical analyses of water from

Tem­ Date of pera­ No. Description sample ture

533 Corvallis, 2J^ miles south of; in the SE^SEM sec. 10, T. 12 S., R. 5 W. Oct. 12,1928 Drilled well 3 inches in diameter and 122 feet deep. Mrs. A. Sims. Water from shale (bedrock of Tertiary age). 551 Tangent, municipal supply; in the SW^NWJi sec. 7, T. 12 S., R. 3 W. Apr. 18,1929 Gang of five driven wells 1J£ inches in diameter and 45 feet deep. Water from gravel (old alluvium). 566 Lebanon, in the SWJ4SWJ4 sec. 11, T. 12 S., R. 2 W. Drilled well 6 Oct. 12,1928 inches in diameter and 115 feet deep. Mountain States Power Co. Water from gravel (old ? alluvium). £80 Shedd, 5 miles west of; in the SEJJNWJ4 sec. 5, T. 13 S., R. 4 W. Driven Oct. 10,1928 well 1)4 inches in diameter and 31 feet deep. Gustav Harm. Water from gravel (young alluvium). 595 Monroe, 4 miles north of; in the SW^SWJi sec. 3, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Oct. 12,1928 Driven well 1M inches in diameter and 34 feet deep. McFarland Church. Water from gravel (old alluvium). 606 Halsey, municipal supply; in the SEJ4NEJ4 sec. 1, T. 14 S., R. 4 W. Apr. 18,1929 Dug well 10 feet in diameter and 28 feet deep with two drilled wells 4 inches in diameter in bottom, plugged at total depth of 72 feet. Citi­ zens Light & Water Co. Water mainly from old alluvium (some saline water from bedrock probably passes the plug). 631 Harrisburg, municipal supply; in the NEJ4NEM sec. 16, T. 15 S., R. 4 Oct. 12,1928 W. Dug well 10 feet in diamter and 30 feet deep with six 3-inch drilled wells in bottom, total depth of 60 feet. H. F. Meersdorf. Water from old alluvium. 638 Junction City, municipal supply; in the SEJ4SWJ4 sec. 32, T. 15 S., R. 4 .....do.. ... W. Drilled well 4 inches in diameter and 189 feet deep. J. H. Miller & Sons. Water from old alluvium (?). 653 Coburg, Qi miles northwest of; in the NEJ4NEJ4 sec. 14, T. 16 S., R. 4 -do- W. Driven well IK inches in diameter and 16 feet deep. R. W. Har- rington. Water from young alluvium. 690 Junction City, 7 miles southewst of; in the NEJ4NWJ4 sec. 11, T. 17 S., -do_ R. 5 W. Dug well 3 feet in diameter and 22 feet deep. Karl Kruk. Water from decomposed gravel (terrace deposit). 695 Eugene, 6H miles northwest of; in the NWMSWJ4 sec. 8, T. 17 S., R. 4 Apr. 18,1929 W. Driven well 1J

Analyses (parts per million)

Total dis­ Cal­ Mag­ So­ Po­ Bicar­ Sul­ Chlo­ Ni­ Total Per­ solved Silica Iron ne­ tas­ hard­ cent solids (BiOj) (Fe) cium sium dium sium bonate phate ride trate ness as so­ No. at 180° (Ca) (Mg) (Na) (KJ (HC03) (S04) (01) (N03) CaCOa dium C.

18,102 19 0.86 4,630 22 2,025 18 20 3.5 11,381 0.0 11, 665 27.5 533

204 35 .08 31 18 14 1.1 193 2.1 13 3.8 151 17.4 551

98 36 .03' 12 5.1 6.3 1.4 74 3.5 2.0 .25 51 23.3 566

197 49 .09 26 15 7.0 2.2 134 4.7 9.0 16 126 12.5 580

220 52 .03 27 16 21 1.2 168 3.5 28 .73 133 26.2 595

502 45 .03 74 23 55 1.9 211 11 153 9.0 279 30.4 606

207 49 .18 24 16 7.0 1.8 110 10 22 10 126 12.2 631

168 40 .38 15 10 24 1.2 100 2.7 32 .05 78 40.6 638

56 26 .06 5.0 2.9 3.2 1.5 33 3.8 1.8 .20 24 26.7 653

26 8.8 .16 2.0 1.1 2.2 .5 5.0 3.4 2.2 4.0 9.5 36.3 690

109 51 .02 9.0 5.1 5.5 .4 58 2.8 2.2 2.7 43 22.3 695

128 43 .06 15 9.0 4.0 1.4 84 5.9 2.7 4.6 74 12.3 711 64 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. the southern half of the valley, between Salem and Eugene. All the samples of water from the unconsolidated materials in the northern half of the valley contained more than 0.1 part per million of iron; the greatest quantity, 5.27 parts per million, was from well 164, which is 7 miles northwest of Woodburn. The general data on wells in the vicinity of Portland indicate that several yield water containing an excessive quantity of iron; these include wells 29, 30, 47, 52, and 77. Other wells in the same area doubtless yield water with an iron content so large as to be troublesome for some uses. From most waters, the excess iron may be removed by simple aeration and filtra­ tion; some waters, however, must be treated with lime or certain other substances to assist in precipitating the excess iron. Reference has been made before to the salty to brackish water in the consolidated sedimentary rocks. The analyses of samples from wells 490 and 533 show that these waters are chemically unfit for many ordinary uses. The sample from well 606 doubtless represents a water of mixed origin nonsaline water from the older alluvium with a small admixture of saline water from the underlying sedimentary rock. Saline water is reported to have been struck in numerous other wells that are widely scattered in the region. These include wells 4, 5, and 15, which entered bedrock, presumably sedimentary rock of marine origin, beneath the flood-plain deposit of the Columbia River downstream from Portland; wells 112, 123 to 125, 142, 200, 218, and 287, in the basin of the South Yamhill River near McMinnville, in Tps. 4 to 6 S., Rs. 4 and 5 W.; wells 375, 391, 469, 533, and 537, along the west flank of the central lowland from Monmouth south­ ward to Corvallis and somewhat beyond, in Tps. 8 to 12 S., R. 4 W.; wells 490 and 610, on the lowland east of the Willamette River, in R. 4 W., Tps. 11 and 14 S., respectively; and well 641, along the east flank of the lowland in T. 15 S., R. 3 W. These general data suggest that wells much more than 100 feet deep at any place along the flank of the western foothills,, or wells in the western half of the central lowland that pass through the unconsolidated deposits and penetrate the sedimentary rocks more than a few tens of feet, may strike salty water unfit for most uses, certainly unfit for domestic supplies or for irrigation. GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. 65

WELL RECORDS TABLE 10. Wells in the Willamette Valley for which records of ground-water level have been published in other water-supply papers 1

Number Number of Number Number of of well in well in other of well in well in other this re­ published Owner published Owner water-supply this re­ water-supply port papers port Papers

158...... 8H-4cl__..___ 553-.. . 16Q-9rl_____ J. H. Swatzka. 171...... 568 196 ...... 9E-13bl 590---.. . 17G-34nl___. 297---.-- 10Q-33rl_-__ Gideon E. Stolz. 636.- - 19F-32ml--_ Junction City. 318... . 680 20G-32g3 421...... 463...... periment Station.

i U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Papers 777, pp. 145-149, 1936; 817, pp. 256-259, 1937. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Oi Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on Location Owner or user com­ graphic sea Type 3 Depth « ameter DlS. 1 situa­ Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion' level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. S N., R. 1 'W. 1 1928 F Dr 9124 6 107 17 Gravel, cemented. 2 NEi.iNW1^ sec. 30 ...... 1931 F Dr 254 3 NE^SW1^ sec 30 1931 F Dr 170 105 5 Do. 4 SEVfNW1^ sec 31 1931 F 20 Dr »387 380± "Eock." 5 NW^SW^i sec. 31...... 1927 F Dr 183 6 140 5 Sand. 6 NW^'SE^ sec. 34. ______F Dr 228 228 Gravel. 7 NEMNWMsec. 35 ... F 25 Dr 200 200 Do. T. & N., R. 1 W. 8 SE^SWJisec. 6 _ 1926 F 25 Dr 173 Sand. 9 NE^SEi|sec. 9 ...... 1926 F Dr 132 120 12 Gravel. 10 1928 F Dr 106 102 6 Do. 11 SE^SWMsec. 11 _.._... 1930 F Dr 245 235 10 Do. 12 NWJ^NW^ sec. 16__..._ 1928 F 25 Dr 131 128 3 Do. 13 NE^NWi^sec. 17_____-_ 1928 F 50 Dr 101 6 101 Do. 14 SW^NEK sec. 21...... 1926 F 20 Dr 90 85 5 Do. 15 SWJ£SEi£ sec. 21...... F 25 Dr 220 "Rock." 16 SW^NW^ sec 23 Hall---. - 1930 F Dr 264 Gravel. 17 NWMSWM sec. 27 1926 F Dr 192 180 12 Do. T.1N.,R.S W. 18 NEMNEJ^sec. 5- . V 200 Dr 700 Shale. 19 -....do. ..-______-.--.- 1937 V 200 Dr 500± 6 Do. 20 SW^NWJ^ sec 8 V 195 Dr 965 910 Basalt. 21 NWJ4NWJ4 sec 12 1937 V 195 Dr 101 6 96 Sandstone (?). 22 SE^SW^ sec. 32...... 1929 V 180 Dr 9 17VA 10-8 141 5 Gravel. 23 SEJ^SEMsec. 36 .- Eay-Maling Co., Inc. -----__---__ __ - 1929 V 175 Dr 1,619 24 135 45 Sand. T. 1 N., R. S W. Q 24 NE^sec. 15... ------1930 T 230 Dr 175 120 3 Sandy shale. 25 SEkNE^sec. 34 ______Oreeon Nurserv Co_._ ____-___.-- __-_. V 205 Dr 1,200 40± TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 9 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) 1 or 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date s (feet) a min­ (feet) i land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

1 116 Reported to flow 1 gallon a minute. 2 N Bottomed on bedrock. Brackish water and some gas; well abandoned. 3 P D,S 4 N Concentrated salt water; well abandoned. 5 N Do. 6 S 7 8 L D 9 P 10 11 P Water reported of inferior quality. 12 P 13 14 P 15 Bedrock from 133 to 220 feet; small yield of brackish water. 16 17 P 18 N Reported to flow. 19 N Yamhill Farms, tract 112. Yield insufficient for stock; abandoned. 20 Flowing well. Clay and shale to 910 feet, basalt 910 feet to bottom. 21 99 D,S "is Yamhill Farms, unit 54. Perforated casing, open bottom. Bailed 200 gallons in 10 minutes; draw­ down, 27 feet. 22 176M D,I .....do...... 1025 Aug. 1929-...... Lower 50 feet of casing perforated. 23 Yield, 75 gallons a minute with draw-down of 35 feet when 180 feet deep. No water-bearing strata below. 24 8 25 N Bottoms on "very hard rock" (basalt?). No water­ bearing strata below 50 feet. See footnotes at end of table. Oi -4 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 01 00 Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Types Depth < ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion ! level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 1 N., R. 1 E. 26 NW^SWJisec. 33...... _ V? 180 Dr Bedrock. 27 SE^NWJ^ sec. 34 1914 F 40 Dr 6552 10 478 Basalt. 28 NE14SE1-4 sec. 34 ...... 1927 F 50 Dr 145 8 112 33 Sand and gravel. 29 NWMSEk' sec. 34______F 40 Dr 61 50 11 Gravel. 30 SW^SWJ^sec. 34...... F 70 Dr 149 130 19 Gravel and sand. 31 SEMSEJ-fsec. 34_...... F 40 Dr »263 12-10 54 3 Sand and gravel.9 32 NWMNE^sec. 35__.___ 1931 F 50 Dr 9 501 12-10 145 30 Fine sand. 33 SEMNEJ4 sec. 36. _...... 1885? T 210 Dr 9 1,700 8-5 Terrace deposit (?). T. 1 N., R. 8 E. 34 NW^NEi4sec.8_-..__._ 1929 F 20 Dr 135 12 110+ Sand and gravel. 35 NEMSWJi sec. 35. __..__ 1924 F 20 Dr 110 6 103 7 Gravel. 36 SEV£NEJ4 sec. 34 _..._.. T 300 Dr 300+ 8 Terrace deposit (?). 37 SEJ4NWM sec. 35_.__.______do_ _._.______.__.___._...... _.__.__- T 300 Dr 350 8 200 75 Gravel and sand. T. 1 N., R.3E 38 SW^SW^sec. 34...... E. W. Aylsworth. ______1927 T 330 Dr 124 6 Terrace deposit. 39 SEMSWMsec. 36.______1929 T 205 Dr 65 8-6 40 20 Gravel. T. 1 S., R. 3 W. 40 NEJ^NE^sec 1 V 175 Dg 40 240 Valley fill. T. IS., R..&W. 41 NEJ^NEMsec. 14...... _ T 230 Dr 68 6 60 8 Sand. f 25 81 Sand and silt. 42 SEMSWJOec. 28-_....._ 1937 V 160 Dr 400 6 I 302 33 Sandy red "clay." 43 NEl4NWki: sec. 33...... do...... --.--- 1937 V 175 Dr 345 6 f 90 1 Sandstone. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

26 N Unconfirmed reports of two artesian wells, one with static level initially 76 feet above land surface. 27 393 In 1060 Reported yield, 501 gallons a minute; draw-down, 14 feet. 28 125 In 1063 Strainer 6 inches in diameter and 20 feet long. Tested capacity reported, 118 gallons a minute with draw­ down of 36 feet; 80 gallons a minute with draw-down of 20 feet. 29 L 65 In i"52 Unfit for making ice owing to iron content. 30 T 500 "28 Draw-down reported, 52 feet after pumping continu­ ously for 2 weeks. 31 263 T 50 In Other water-bearing beds at 25-26, 110-130, and 150-170 feet. Ultimate capacity reported, about 65 gallons a minute. 32 T 350 I i°30 1931...... Tested capacity reported, 600 gallons a minute with draw-down of 18 feet. Draft, about 4,000,000 gallons a month in summer. 33 N do 10 340± So-called Ladd well, drilled for flowing water. Long abandoned. 34 T 750 I .....do.-.-...... 1020 Waters 140 acres of grass. Operated about 8 hours a day for 4 months each summer. 35 106^ N N Yield inadequate for stock watering and domestic purposes. 36 L 90 I Draw-down reported, 20 to 30 feet. 37 L 75± I Land surface ______...... 10190 Draw-down reported, 18 feet. 38 124 L 10 D,I 39 50 L 50 D 1035 40 150 In Former railroad supply at Hillsboro. 41 L D 42 369 D,S 1022 August 1937 __ . Yamhill Farms, unit 83. Tested capacity reported, 2.7 gallons a minute with draw-down of 210 feet. 43 317 D,S . ....do...... 10 5 .....do...... Yamhill Farms, unit 84. Yield reported, 3.4 gallons a minute with draw-down of 212 feet. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Height Principal water-bearing bed No. Topo­ Di­ Year graphic above on Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth ' ameter pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth Thick­ or 2 tion i (feet) to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 1 S., R. 2 W. Con. 44 SWJ^NW^ sec 33 1937 V 150 Dr 9375 6 233 112 "Clay." 45 NWJ^SWJ^ sec 33 .....do.. - 1937 V 150 Dr 310 6 275 30 Sandy "clay." T. 1 S., R. 1 W. 46 J C. Beik V 210 Dr 300 200 47 SEMNEJ^sec. 13...... 1930 H 260 Dr 6 48 NWJi sec 15 V 190 Dr 397 6 Bedrock. 49 SWJiSEJisec. 21 _ 1925 T 300 Dr 124 6 111 Thin Sand streak. 50 do 1925 H 340 Dr 148 6 102 25 "Sand." 51 NWJ4NWJ4 sec 24 Portland Golf Club- - - V 205 Dr 400 8 300 100 Decomposed basalt. 52 SEJiNWJi sec. 24 Aaron Frank_ ___ ------_ ----- 1938" H 225 Dr 521 8 450± 70 Zones in basalt. 53 . do - do _ H 210 Dr 9 800 8 640 5 Sand and grit. 54 NEMNEJi sec. 28...... 1923 T 285 Dr 310 6 150 Decomposed basalt (?). T. 1 S., R. 1 E. 55 NEJ4NWJ4sec. 1...... 1928 V? 155 Dr 190 13 14 176 Gravel. 56 ... do do--- 1920 V? 155 Dr 190 6 Do. 57 SWJ^NW}^ sec 2 1924 F 50 Dr 504 12-10 170 33 Gravel and sand. 58 NEJ4NEHsec. 3 _.. 1928 F 50 Dr »265 12 240 25 Sand. 59 ... do . . do 1912? F 50 Dr 235 8 60 SE^iSWJisec. 3 __.. . F 20 Dr 419 12-8 135 225 Gravel. 61 SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 8 .... A. E. Otis...... 1929 H 650 Dr 502 500± Basalt. »330 / 215 25 62 SEJiNEJisec.il Libby, McNeill & Llbby. __ . . 1929 F 75 Dr 12-10 X 280 40 | Gravel. TABLE 11. Records of weils in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pacity Above above Eemarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture low lor 2 cased Type 5 sea (+)) lons (°F.) Description level meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ^ land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

44 353 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 85. Yield reported, 0.4 gallon a minute by artesian flow; 20 gallons a minute with draw-down of 180 feet. 45 310 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 86. Yield reported, 0.6 gallon a minute by artesian flow; 10J^ gallons a minute with 169-foot draw-down. 46 47 I 260 0.0 14.79 May 25, 1938. ... 48 PI In 49 38 L D 50 28 L D Tested capacity reported, 3 gallons a minute. 51 A 450 I Land surface 10+25 Reported to flow 150 gallons a minute by artesian pressure when freshly cleaned. Pumped constantly about 2 months each summer; draw-down, about 70 feet. 52 T 500 I --.-.do---. . . 10 30 Well 1. Draw-down reported, 37 feet. Unsatisfactory for domestic use owing to iron content. 53 N N -..do .. . Well 2. Tested capacity, 110 gallons a minute with draw-down of 101 feet. 54 233 L D do _- . 10 2 July 23, 1929 - Ultimate capacity reported, 4 gallons a minute. 55 T 1,000 In 52 Reported to have been pumped steadily for 2 weeks at 1,000 gallons a minute. 56 T 350 In 57 504 T 350 In 1037 58 241 T 700 In 55 .do.-- _.__ 10 14. 5 Junel, 1928.. Tested capacity reported, 835 gallons a minute; draw­ down, 24 feet, pumping 640 gallons a minute for several days. Slotted screen 30 feet long. 59 350 In 54 60 360 In Casing perforated from 143 to 360 feet. "Solid rock" (basalt?) 360 to 419 feet. 61 T D,I 0350 "Solid rock" (basalt) 40 to 502 feet. 62 330 T 800 In 1054 . __ do . 1020 Casing perforated 215 to 210 and 280 to 320 feet. Tested capacity reported, 800 gallons a minute with draw­ down of 50 feet. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued to Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Location Owner or user situa­ sea Types Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i (feet) to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 1 S., R. 1 E. Con. 63 SEJ^sec. 11...... F 60 Dg 40 240 Young alluvium. 64 SE^NE^sec. 36-______1927 F 100 Dr 72 6 67 5 Sand and gravel. T. 1 8., R. 3 E. 65 NEMNWJi sec. 8_. ... H 356 Dr 9300 100 20 Gravel. H 348 f 82 10 66 .... .do____- do...... Dr 120 \ 104 120 } Do. 67 NEMNW^ sec. 10_ 1929 T 335 Dr 101 8 96 5 Do. T. % 8., R. 1 W. 68 NEMNEM sec. 2_. -.-. H 190 Dr 660 69 NWMSWMsec. 2___.____ 1922 H 210 Dr 260 6 252 8 Black sand. 70 SWMSE^sec. 9 1929 H 360 Dr 240 6 237 3 Sandy zone in basalt. 71 NWMNEMsec. 13. - F 160 Dr 640 6-3 630 Sand. 72 SE^SW^sec. 15_ F 150 Dr 620 6 620 Do. 73 SEMNWM sec. 32______Dr 275 8 245 30 Porous basalt or scoria. T. % 8., R. 1 E. 74 NEMNEMsec. 8...... _ F 122 Dr 190 10 178 12 Vesicular basalt. SWMNWMsec. 12______1928 V? 175 f 65 5 Coarse sand. 75 Dr 9 154 8 i 85 8 Sandstone. 76 NWMSWM sec. 13-- F 110 Dr 500 12 357 21 Basaltic scoria. T. % 8., R. 2 E. 77 NWMNEMsec. 9 __ 1927 F 110 Dr 980 6 52 20 Sand. 78 NWMSEMsec.il F. T. Williams 1927 F 140 Dr 9185 6 133 16 Sand, some gravel. 79 NWMSEMsec. 15. . l\^rs Beebe 1929 H 200 Dr 9 241 6-4 238 3 Sand. T. 3 8., R. 6 W. 80 NEMNEMsec. 25-- 1937 H 200 Dr 95 6 Sandy shale. 81 SEMNEMsec. 25 ... .do ...... 1937 T 175 Dr 70 6 70 Do. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Tem­ Above Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which Use of Remarks well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above pis. (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type« lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) 7 land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

63 200 In 1057 1021 At Brooklyn shop. Water forms scale in boilers; use discontinued. 64 67 L "125" D 65 T D,I Well 1. Casing plugged with cement from 120 to 300 feet, perforated 100 to 120 feet. Pumped alternately with well 66. 66 120 T 300 D,I i«63 Well 2. Casing perforated 85 to 105 feet. Draw-down reported, 20 feet. With well 65, draft reported was 1,886,000 cubic feet in 1934. 67 L 80 In 68 No water-bearing beds; well abandoned. 69 260 L 5 D i»65 70 13 L 10 D 71 630± L D 10 2 Gravel and boulders to 80 feet, dark "clay" go to 640 feet with sand seam at 630 feet. 72 L 15 D 73 130 L 70 P Sand 40 feet, "red tough clay" (weathered basalt?) 90 feet, gray rock (basalt?) 115 feet, "soft red honey­ combed rock" 30 feet. 74 40 T 350 P 10122 .0 .0 July 30, 1929..... Slight flow by artesian pressure, draw-down while pumping reported as 70 feet. 75 90 PI 50 D 76 38>i T 500 D "125 Penetrates only basalt below depth of 38M feet. Sec­ ondary water-bearing zones at depths of 112, 305, 335, log' 409-450, and 498 feet. 77 80 PI 10 S do- Tested capacity reported, 17 gallons a minute with draw-down of 21 feet. 78 164H PI 50 I Tested capacity reported, 85 gallons a minute with draw-down of about 8 feet. 79 241 L D, S Perforated 4-inch casing from depth of 207 to 241 feet. 80 47 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 1. Tested capacity reported, 30 gallons a minute. 81 54 D,S log February 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 3. Perforated casing. Tested capacity reported, 10 gallons a minute with draw­ down of 30 feet. See footnotes at end of table. CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Location Owner or nser situa­ sea Type a Depth < ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 3 S., R, 4 W. 82 SWMSWJOec. 5 - 1937 V 180 Dr 121 6 27 7 Gravel. 83 do .. 1937 V 175 Dr 91 6 36 7 Do. 84 NWVSWJ4 sec 21 "1937" V 156.8 Dg 40 30 Valley fill. 85 SWl/NTWl/ SPP SO H 190 Dr 88 6 Shale. * * 3Q -....do ...... 1937 H 160 Dr 195 6 f 115 1 Do. 86 { 182 ' 87 SWJ^SEM sec. 32 V 157.6 Dg 27 42 Valley fill. 88 SEMNEM sec. 35 159 Dg 22 36 Do. T. 3 S., R. S W. 89 N~YV"^4iN"Ey<£ sec 11 R. S. Ferrell. - VI 218 Dg 36 36 Valley fill (?). 90 SEVSEV sec 24 V 172 Dg 21 48 Valley fill. 91 V 173 Dg 36 30 Do. T. 3 S., R. 2 W. 92 NEJ^SEMsec. 7 ..... T 237 Dg 30 36 Terrace deposit. 93 V 175 Dg 24 54 Valley fill. 94 SW^NE^sec. 27 1937 H 230 Dr 110 6 101 2 "Brocken rock" (basalt?). 95 SEMSEM sec. 27 ...... do ...... :...... 1937 H 235 Dr 140 6 96 19 "Loose rock" (basalt?). T. 3 S., R. 1 W. 96 NWMsec. 32?..- Scholtz . ... F 150 Dr 308 6 300 8 Decomposed "granite" (basalt?). 97 SEMNW^sec. 14 T 320 Dr 184 6 104 Basalt, basal contact. 98 F 94 Dg 14 30 Young alluvium. 99 V 200 Dr 183 6 183 Sand. 100 SWVNWJ4 sec 30 1933 V 158.5 Dr 145 6 Valley fill. 101 NWv SWi^ sec 30 V 157 B 57 10 Do. 102 jjwi/swi/ sec 33 1912 V 160 Dr 9 107 8-6 105 2 Gravel. 103 ---do--- . ------1921 V 160 Dr «652 8 524 97 Fine sand alternating with clay. 104 NEiXSEi^ sec. 34 ... .. A. L. Kleve V 163 De 40 36 Vallev fill. O TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

82 49 D, S log March 1937- . Yamhill Farms, unit 21. Perforated casing. Yield reported, 25 gallons a minute; draw-down, 24 feet. 83 52 D, S .-...do. .- ... 1032 do . Yamhill Farms, unit 20. Perforated casing. Yield reported, 15 gallons a minute. 84 40 L N 156. 82 .0 24.4 Sept. 25, 1928 85 48 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 2. Capacity reported, 5 gallons a minute. 86 32 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 4. Capacity reported, 5 gallons a minute. /Top of pump-house silL - _ "157.88 .3 19.4 Sept. 25, 1928 87 27 L D, S 157. 98 .7 20.36 88 22 L N 160 1.0 17.3 Sept. 25. 1928 89 L D, S Top edge of steel collar of curb _ . 219 .5 28.1 Sept. 26, 1928 - 90 L S 173 .6 16.5 91 36 L D, S Top of well deck, at bored hole. - 174 .7 25.6 Sept. 25, 1928 92 30 L S 238 .7 25.9 Sept. 26, 1928 93 L D, S Top of platform, through trap__ 176 .7 20.3 - do -. 94 83 D. S 1040 June 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 27. Capacity reported, 4 gallons a minute. 95 97 D, S ---do...-.--...... i»55 Mayl937__ Yamhill Farms, unit 28. Capacity reported, 5 gallons a minute. 96 300 D do 1040 Sand and gravel 56 feet, gritless red "clay" (tuff?) 244 feet, decomposed "granite" (basalt?) 8 feet. 97 30 D ..... do...... '"SO Capacity reported, about 1.2 gallons a minute. Slope wash 10 feet, basalt 94 feet, blue clay 80 feet. 98 N Top of steel casing -- _.. 94 .0 10.85 Sept. 27, 1928 99 183 S MO No bedrock. Water reported of inferior quality. 100 L D, S Plugged hole in pump base __ . 159.28 .4 i 53. 47 Sept. 28, 1936 101 L D 51.5 158 .4 149.3 Sept. 27, 1928__ . Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 102 107 L P 53 »45 City well 1. Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 103 530 L 65 P 60.5 do-. 052 City well 2. Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 104 40 B D. S Top of box curb... __ ___ ._ 165 2.1 39.55 Sept. 27. 1928.... See footnotes at end of table.

Ot TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued Oi Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Types Depth * pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 3 S., R. 2 E. 105 SWMSWMsec. 8--.- - E. R. Angells.. . ------T 410 Dr 323 6 315 8 Black sand. 106 do- - T 420 Dr 87 6 Crevices in basalt. 107 SW^sec. 9 (?) - T 375± Dr 7VA 6 72 y2 Coarse sand. 108 SWMSEMsec. 31 - T 435 Dr 335 6 335 Gravel. T. 3 S., R. 3 E. 109 SWMSWMsec. 23 - T 670 Dr »237 4 200 37 Sandy shale. T. 4 S., R. 4 W. 110 NWJCNWJ4 sec 1 H 160± Dr 111 SEJtfNEJOec. 2 1937 V 165 Dr 151 6 38 39 Sandy loam. 112 do _ . .do. .. ------..-_.- 1937 V 165 Dr 200 6 Shale. 113 do.. ___ do 1937 V 165 Dr 175 6 70 10 "Hardpan." 114 NEMSEMsec. 2. __--do_- -_- __ -- _ 1937 V 170 Dr 135 6 125 5 Hard shale. ( 110 115 . ....do.. ... do -- - - 1937 V 170 Dr 130 6 X 130 } Do. 116 . -do. --- _-- do-.----..-.------1937 V 170 Dr 100 6 82 Do. NEMSE^ sec. 4_ - f 120 Do. 117 - do 1937 V 155 Dr 338 6 X 240 Do. 118 NE^NE^soc. 10-. do 1937 V 155 Dr 9 212 6 78 2 Sand and gravel. 119 NEJ^SEJOec. 10 V 161 Dg 29 Valley fill. 120 SWJiNW^sec. 11 . 1937 V 155 Dr 103 6-4^ 102 1 Coarse sand and gravel. 121 ----.do.. ------_ .... 1937 V 155 Dr 90 6 122 SEJ£NEJ4 sec. 11 -do --_-.. ------1937 V 140 Dr 196 6-4^ 175± Shale. 123 NEMSEJisec.il------1937 200 f 55 23 Sandy silt. ----.do V 155 Dr 6 1 78 2 Coarse sand and gravel. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

105 L 3 D, S "Soapstone" 315 feet, black sand 8 feet. 106 L D, S Small yield. Soil 3 feet, cemented gravel 12 feet, basalt 72 feet. 107 72 108 Soil 4 feet, basalt 26 feet, white clay 42 feet, coarse sand H foot, clay at bottom. 108 ....-do W245 Soil 2 feet, hard blue clay 333 feet, gravel and boulders at bottom. 109 163 Capacity reported, 3 gallons a minute. 110 N Flowing well. 111 78 D, S ' Yamhill Farms, unit 48. Perforated casing. Capacity reported, 3 gallons a minute. 112 163 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 49. Capacity, about 2 gallons a minute. Water reported slightly salty. 113 86 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 50. Capacity, about 3 gallons a minute. 114 80 D, S "30 February 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 51. Yield reported, 5J^ gallons a minute with draw-down of 45 feet. 115 84 D, S . .do...... 1034 .. do ...... Yamhill Farms, unit 52. Yield reported, 5J-6 gallons a minute. 116 78 D,S __--_do______...... 1055 Maxch 1937 . Yamhill Farms, unit 53. Yield reported, 5 gallons a minute with draw-down of 19 feet. 117 N Yamhill Farms, unit 39. Yield very small, well des­ troyed. 118 134 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 68. Perforated casing. Yield reported, 9 gallons a minute. 119 L D 162 1.4 22.3 120 103 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 67. 4M-inch casing perforated. Tested yield reported, 200 gallons in 30 minutes. 121 83 D, S 1015 June 1937...... Yamhill Farms, unit 69. Yield reported, 13 gallons a minute with draw-down of 70 feet. 122 178 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 63. 123 102 D,S 10 12 Yamhill Farms, unit 60. Perforated casing. Yield reported, 11 gallons a minute; draw-down, 17 feet. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willameite Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00 Principal water-bearing, bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Con. 124 NWMSEMsec.'ll- - 1937 V 145 Dr 174 6 140 10 Shale with sandy streaks. 125 SEJ4SEJ4sec. 11 ___do 1937 V 155 Dr 125 6 75 7 Coarse sand and gravel. 126 NWJ^NEM sec. 12 O. B. Belieu.- V 170.1 Dg 27.7 48 Valley fill. 127 NW^SWJisec. 12 1937 V 150 Dr 105 6 98 Sandy clay. 128 SWMSWMsec. 12 do 1937 V 150 Dr 114 6 100 2 Coarse sand and gravel. 129 SE^SEJi sec. 12 . do 1937 p 120 Dr 181 6 Shale and sandstone. 130 NEJiNEMsec. 14 do 1937 V 150 Dr 125 6 122 3 Sand and gravel. 131 SWMNWJisec. 17 - V 168 Ds 35 30 Valley fill. 132 NEJiNEJisec. 22- V 152 Dg 35 42 Do. 133 SWMSWM sec. 24 A. J. Mott V 152 B 41 Do. 134 SEJ4SWJ4 sec. 24 L. E. King______... 1900? V 155.7 B 27 12 Do. 135 V 153 Dg 27 10 Do. 136 SW^SEJisec. 29_. _ W. J. Odell-. 1895? V 141.3 Dg 30.4 48 Do. 137 NEj|NWJ4 sec 3'1 V 146 Dg 22 42 Do. 138 SWMSEKsec. 36 1937 V 160 Dr 107 6 105 2 Gravel, some silt and sand. T. 4 S., R. 3 W. ' 139 SEJiSWMsec. 2 do 1937 V 152 Dr »183 6 179 1 Sand and fine gravel. 140 - do ____ 1937 V 155 Dr 162 6 Valley fill. 141 NEJ£NWJ£ sec. 7 _ V 165 Dg 29 36 Do. 142 SWJ^SWJisec. 7. .-.-.-. 1937 V 130 Dr 142 6 116 14 Sandy shale. 143 NEMNWJ£sec.ll. _ _.___do ...... _- V 140 Dr »196 6 192 1 "Porous rock." 144 NEMNTWJisec. 15...... V 150 Dg 29 36 Valley fill. 145 SWMSEi^ sec. 21 U. S. Resettlement Administration. . 1937 V 163 Dr 222 6 215 7 Sandstone. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Wiliamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water « ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) i land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

124 128 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 59. Yield reported, 3J^ gallons a minute. Water-bearing gravel from depths of 55 to 100 feet cased off. 125 119 D, S i»12 June 1937...... Yamhill Farms, unit 61. Bailed 375 gallons in 15 min­ utes with draw-down of 19 feet. 126 L D, S 170. 14 » 24. 02 Sept. 28, 1936.._. 127 79 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 64. Bottom filled with gravel to prevent caving. Yield reported, 3.3 gallons a minute. 128 112 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 65. Perforated casing. 129 134 D, S i»35 March 1937. _ Yamhill Farms, unit 37. Yield reported, 4J^ gallons a minute. 130 118 D, S _____do______«25 June 1937.__. .... Yamhill Farms, unit 62. 131 35 B D, S 171 2.8 27.4 Sept. 25, 1928____ 132 L D 152 24.3 Aug. 12, 1929__._ 133 L D, S 52.5 152 .4 11 1U5.6 Sept. 25, 1928 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 134 157. 69 2.0 11 18. 92 Sept. 28, 1936.__ _ 135 L S Top of 2-inch plank platform . _ . 154 .9 19.5 Sept. 25, 1928 . 136 D, S 141. 88 .6 11 22. 36 Sept. 29, 1936.... 137 22 L D, S _____do______147 .5 16.9 Sept. 25, 1928 . 138 103 D, S 1012 Yamhill Farms, unit 57. Bailed 280 gallons in 12 min­ utes with draw-down of 33 feet. 139 175 D, S ._.. .do...... ">15 April 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 16. Bailed 8 gallons a minute for 2 hours with draw-down of 160 feet. 140 D, S ..do...... 1020 ..do. Yamhill Farms, unit 17. Bailed 500 gallons in 32 min­ utes with draw-down of about 70 feet. 141 N N 169 4.1 23.3 Sept. 25, 1928..-. 142 78 D, S 1025 March 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 38. Bailed 6}4 gallons a minute for 1 hour with draw-down of 105 feet. 143 191 D,S do . 107 May 1937-- Yamhill Farms, unit 19. Bailed 710 gallons in 40 minutes, with draw-down of 178 feet. 144 L D,S 150 .1 17.0 Sept. 25, 1928 145 209 D,S 1060± April 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 15. Tested yield reported, 30 gallons a minute. See footnotes at end of table. CO 00 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued o Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Depth * pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet1) (fee.) (feet)

T. 4 S., R. 3 TF.-Con. 145^ NWJiSEJ^sec. 26...... B. H. Wood.. . __ __ . _ F 80 Dr 40 6 Young alluvium (?). 146 SEViSWJisec. 26. .... do . .. - F 80 Dg 15 60 Sand and gravel. 147 NWJiNEM sec. 28_._____ W. E. Orabenhorst..- __ . _____ ... . V 162.7 22.9 40 Valley fill. 148 NWMNE^sec. 29__._.__ W. King .. _- V 158 BI 22 30 Do. 149 SW&SEiisec. 30 ____ V 155 B 25 Do. 150 NWMSE^sec. 31...... V 151 B 4 Do. 151 SEJ^JNTWl^ sec 32 V 150 Dg 28 60 Do. 152 SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 33 . V 160 Dg 42 42 Do. 153 SW^NE^sec. 33. ... V 163 Dr «270 4 262 8 Gravel. 154 NWJ43E&sec. SI...... _ D. F. DeTiere- __ __ . _ ..... V 160 Dg 28 60 Valley fill. 155 SWJ4SWM sec. 35_ ...... F 100 B 28 6 Young alluvium. T. 4 S., R. % W. 156 NE^NWJi sec. 2_____._. F 100 Dr 128 157 SE^SW^sec. 2 ______A. F. Quirl...... ----...... F 140 Dg 23 36 Young alluvium. 158 NEJiNWM sec. 4 _ F 123.6 Dg 23 30 Do. 159 NWMNWJi sec. 4, ______H. E. Evans______. ______.... 1923 F 130 Dr 196 6 190 6 Gravel. 160 NWJ^NWJisec. 9...... V 175 Dr 1763^ 6 176 y* Do. 160V£ do V 175 Dr 380 161 SE^NWJisec. 13. ______V 175.8 Dg 28.2 Valley fill. 162 SWJ^SWJi sec. 15...... V 168 Dg 26^ 48 26 Sand. 163 SW^SWMsec. 18 V 169 Dg 23 48 Valley fill. 164 SW^NE^sec. 20_.._ V 170 Dr 147 6 Do. (?). 165 NWJiSEM sec. 21. ______1913 V 169.9 Dg 28.6 Do. 166 SEJ^NEMsec. 23 1929 V 176 Dr 230 4 Sand. 167 NW^SE^sec. 24___ _ W. K. Deal V 174 Dg 24 42 Valley fill. 168 NWMSW^sec. 31 .... Theodore Boutin _____ ...... 1922 V 171 Dr 1,040 12-6 540 5 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or well is pacity water 6 Above above Remarks pis. (gal­ ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) i land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

145tf P 51.5 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 146 15 C 200 I 51.5 2.2 11.9 Sept. 25, 1928 Draw-down reported, 2 feet. 147 L D,S 163. 94 1.2 i 21. 17 148 22 B S 160 2.1 19.9 Sept. 25, 1928 . 149 P s 157 2.1 15.4 Aug. 12, 1929 150 P S Top of 4- by 12-inch pump sup­ 153 2.0 16.8 ... -_do. __._. _ port. 151 L s 150 .0 16.5 Aug. 13, 1929. . - 152 L N 161 1.0 36.8 153 262 L D Top of 4-inch casing (raise 164 .7 42.91 July 22, 1929. __. pump) . 154 L D 164 2.3 18.3 Aug. 13,1929.-. 155 N N 97 2.0 25.7 Aus?. 16, 1929 156 N No water-bearing strata; well destroyed. ( 22.2 Sept. 26, 1928 . 157 23 B D Top of corner post of box curb- 143 3.3 \ 20.4 July 5, 1929 f'118.8 Sept. 26, 1928 158 23 PI D,S 125. 37 1.8 \ 18.51 Sept. 28, 1936 159 196 L 10 ]2 160 175 ____-do- ...... i»40 Soil and clay 20 feet, very fine sand 156 feet, gravel y% fot>t, clay below. 160^ N Driller reports all clay to depth of 380 feet; no water­ bearing beds. 161 D 177. 76 2.0 11 19. 76 Sept. 28, 1936 . 162 WA L D,S 168 21.7 Sept. 26, 1928 163 23 L N .do.. _...... _ .. _ . __ . 170 .5 19.1 164 147 PI D,S ..52.0 171 .8 n 19. 1 do....- . Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 165 29 D 170. 72 .8 11 23. 46 Sept. 28, 1936 166 N 176 .5 36.2 Aug. 15, 1929- ___ 167 24 P N 174. 12 .0 19.3 Sept. 27, 1928 . 168 N N Petroleum test by Willamette Valley Oil & Gas Co. Only one water-bearing bed reported; chemical char­ acter of water unknown. See footnotes at end of table. 00 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00 to Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year Di­ on graphic above Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth < ameter Thick­ pis. 1 level (inches) Depth or 2 pleted tion i to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (fe.t)

T. 4 S., R. 2 W Con. 169 NWMSWJ4 sec. 31 . V 171.1 Dr 74 10 Valley fill. 170 NE^NWM sec. 32_____._ V 172 Dg 22^ 30 Do. 171 SE^SEM sec. 34 .__ V 172.9 Dg 20 18 Do. T. 4 S., R. 1 W. 172 NE^NWi^sec. 2...... 1904 V 186.7 B 25^ 10 25 Do. 173 SE^SW^sec. 5______. W. G. Hulbert- -__- -- V 180 22 36 Do. 174 NE^SE^sec. 9_._ ..... 1905 V 191.2 SS 25 84 Do. 175 NW^sec. 12?...... - 1928 V 175 Dr 125 6 117 8 Gravel. 176 NWKNEM sec. 13.__.___ F 100 Dr 198 8 190 8 Coarse sand and gravel. 177 SW^SW^sec. 13...... V 179 Dg 65± 96 Valley fill. 178 SW^SWJi sec. 21. ______V 173 B 16 8 Do. 179 SE^SW^sec. 27_.___._. V 182 Dr 138 4 135± Gravel. 180 SEJ^NE^sec. 33 ...... V 180 Dr 220 4 216 4 Do. 181 SWJ^SE^ sec. 33 ...... V 178 Dr 113 6 103 10 Do. 182 SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 34_ ..... 1918 V 180 Dr 130 8 Valley fill. 183 SE^NE^isec. 35,...... D. J. Yoder....- ___..- ..__-__-._..__ F 147 B 28 10 28 Young alluvium. T. 4 S., R. 1 E. 184 SWMSE^sec. 4._..__... 1928 V 176.3 Dg 56.2 Valley fill. 185 SE^NW^ sec. 5...... 1928 F 93 Dg 6 120 VA iji Young alluvium. 186 SE^SW^ sec. 9__. ....__ V 160 Dg 263^ 48-30 21 5 Gravel and coarse sand. 187 SW^NE^sec. 14_____._ T 219.1 Dg 20 48 Terrace deposit (?) . 188 NW^SWJ^ sec. 20...... J. C. M&rk...... 1931 V 171.6 Dr H04 12-8 54 11 Sand and gravel. 189 NEMSWJ^sec. 27_.._._. G. F. Pottratz...... ______._.___._ .__ T 208.8 Dg WA1 30 Terrace deposit (?). 190 NE^NEJi sec. 30. ____.. W. D. Fish...... -...._...... V 166.1 Dg 20 48 18 2 Fine sand. T. 4 S., R. 2 E. 191 NW&NWJi sec. 30....__ T 242.0 Dg 20 24 Terrace deposit (?). 192 SW34SWi^sec. 32...... Frank Case. ______T 307.3 Dg 49 24 Do. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamede Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal- sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type" Ions (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) t land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

[" 14. 05 July 3, 1929 -_ 169 PI D,S 171. 08 o.o \ 19. 48 Sept. 24, 1929 [ 20.07 Sept. 28, 1936 170 22M P N 172 .0 14.3 Sept. 26, 1928 fii 17. 9 do - 171 P D 53.0 174. 66 1.8 \ 18.41 Sept. 28, 1936 jchemical analysis of water in table 9. 172 L D 187. 44 .7 11 12. 0 Sept. 27, 1928 187. 69 .95 17.00 Sept. 26, 1936 . 173 L D,S 180 .0 15.6 Sept. 27, 1928 _ 174 L S 191. 21 1.0 11 16. 39 Sept. 28, 1936 175 125 1045 176 PI 30 P -do--- -- io+22 Soil and gravel 28 feet, blue clay 162 feet, coarse sand and gravel 8 feet. Shallow ground water cased off; static level reported, 8 feet below land surface. 177 43 L D,S 179 .0 34.1 Sept. 29, 1928 178 P S 173 .0 10.9 Sept. 27, 1928 179 L P 180 220 L In "40 Penetrates fine sand between 100 and 175 feet below land surface. 181 113 C 50 P do 10 13 182 L 150 P 53.5 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 183 28 L D 149 2.4 22. 7 Sept. 26, 1928 184 B D 177. 80 1.5 11 66. 52 Sept. 28, 1936 185 6 N 93 4.2 Sept. 27, 1928 186 26 L 12Ji D,S 160. 27 .3 20.3 Sept. 22, 1928 187 P N Top of concrete collar of curb- - 220. 33 1.2 16.0 188 404 T I 172. 38 .8 K>6 Dec. 28, 1931. _ . Secondary water-bearing beds (largely fine sand) at depths of 175-182, 249, 270-275, 290-295, and 305-320 feet; casing perforated opposite each. Yield, 31 to 35 gallons a minute with draw-down of 84 feet. 189 19J4 P D,S 211.43 2.6 18.3 Sept. 22, 1928 190 20 P D 166. 60 .5 17.9 -do-- 191 P D 245. 05 3.0 18.3 do 192 5 L D Top of brick curb.- - _ _ _ 307.8 .5 37.2 Sept. 21, 1928 00 See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00rf*. Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Types Depth < ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion ! level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

- T. B S., R. 5 W. 193 SWJ^NEMsec. 1-- - 1895 V 148.1 Dg 39 48 Valley fill. 194 NWHSEJOec. 12__ 1937 V 150 Dr 60 6 59 1 Coarse sand and gravel. 195 NEJ4NEJ4 sec. 13 V 155 Dg 27 Valley fill. 196 NWMNEM sec. 13 V 151.1 Dr 64 6J^ 64 Gravel and sand. 197 SW^SWJisec. 15...... David B. Kirby...... -. V 166.5 Dg 31 30 Valley fill (?). 198 NW^NEM sec. 26- V 173 Dg 35 36 Valley fill. 199 NW^NEJisec. 28 .. 1937 V 190 Dr 420 200 SWMNE^sec. 29 .do . - __ V 205 Dr 200 6 115 Bottom of "clay." 201 SW^SWMsec. 29-__ ...do...... V 200 Dr 60 6 45 5 Shale. 202 _do _ V 200 Dr 110 6 110 Do. 203 NEMNEMsec. 32 V 208.7 Dg 32 54 Valley fill. T. 5 S., R. 4 W. 204 SW^NWJi sec. 1...... V 164 Dg 20 30 Do. 205 SW^SWJi sec. 2______1937 V 160 Dr 105 6 102 Fine sand. 206 ..... do... 1937 V 160 Dr »115 6 113 2 Gravel and coarse sand. 207 NW^NEJisec. 4 - . do . 1937 V 145 Dr 80 6 79 1 Gravel. 208 SEMNEH sec. 8 ----- V 159 Dr 90± 10 209 do David Waddell...... -- __ --.-.-. V 158 Dg 32H 36 Valley fill. 210 NEMNEJi sec. 10 Glenn Petty . 1912 ? V 156.4 Dg 38.6 36 Do. 211 NW^NE^sec. 10_ . 1937 V 160 Dr 95 6 90 5 Gravel and sand. 212 SW^NW^sec. 10 .... _do I...... - 1937 V 155 Dr 78 6 76 2 Sand. 213 NWJ^NWM sec. 11 --.do...... __. _ __ 1937 V 160 Dr 108 6 101 7 Sand and fine gravel. 214 do ...... do.. .._ ------1937 V 160 Dr 105 6 95 1 Gravel. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pacity water 6 Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type 8 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

193 39 D,S 148. 43 0.3 11 22. 86 Sept. 28, 1936 194 60 D,S 10 10 April 1937. ------Yamhill Farms, unit 58. Yield reported, 18 gallons a minute. 195 B D,S 155 .5 22.4 Sept. 24, 1928 fii 20. 15 , -.do - ._ -- 196 PI D,S 151.59 .5 \ 23.09 Sept. 28, 1936 197 31 L N 167.0 .5 26.0 Sept. 24, 1928 _ 198 35 A D 173.46 .5 33.8 199 N Yamhill Farms, units 55-56. Bedrock at depth of 23 feet. No water, well abandoned. 200 130 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 12. Salt water at bottom; casing plugged at bottom. Yield of fresh water, about 1J/2 gallons a minute. 201 41 D,S n>23 January 1937__-_ Yamhill Farms, unit 13. Yield reported, 7 gallons a minute. 202 80 D,S -.-..do-- . .-...... i«14 do-- - fii 20. 2 Sept. 24, 1928--. 203 32 L D,S 52.0 209. 74 1.0 \ 25.47 Sept. 28, 1936 jchemical analysis of water in table 9. 204 20 L S 165 .5 17.3 Sept. 25, 1928 205 100 D,S 1015 Marchl937-- Yamhill Farms, unit 5. 206 113 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 6. Yield reported, 13 gallons a minute. 207 79 D,S 1037 August 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 75. Bailed 270 gallons in 21 min­ utes, draw-down 40 feet. 208 N 148 -11.0 20.5 Sept. 24, 1928 Well destroyed in October 1928. 209 L N 158 .0 23.3 210 PI D,S 158.62 2.2 11 27. 84 Sept. 28, 1936 211 96 D,S. Yamhill Farms, unit 8. 212 78 D,S 1020 February 1937- . Yamhill Farms, unit 23. Yield reported, 10 gallons a minute. 213 108 D,S .... .do...... 1020 April 1937...... Yamhill Farms, unit 9. Yield reported, 18 gallons a minute, draw-down 40 feet. 214 105 D,S .. do.- ...... 1012 Yamhill Farms, unit 10. Perforated casing. Bailed 30 gallons a minute for 35 minutes, draw-down 15 feet. See footnotes at end of table. 00 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00 Ci Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on graphic Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type * Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T.5S..R.4 W. Con. , 215 NE^NE^sec. 29______V 157 Dg 30 36 Valley fill. 216 SW^NE^sec. 32______1937 V 150 Dr 95 6 58 3 Sand. 217 NWMSEMsec. 32_..____ - do ______1937 V 150 Dr 125 6 65 6 Shale. 218 SEMSWk'sec. 32___.__-_ do 1937 T 180 Dr 125 6 Do. T. B S., R. 8 W. 219 NWJ4NWM sec. 3_ ...... V 165 Dg 24 48 Valley fill. 220 SWMNWJi sec 5 V 154 Dr 100+ 5 221 1937 V 154 Dr "310 6 80 5 Sand. 222 ..._._do _ _-____-_ 1937 V 156 Dr 90 6 60 5 Do. 223 SE^NE^ sec. 8 __ - V 156 Dg 30 60 Valley fill. 224 NWMNEJ^ sec. 9____ .... V 159 Dg 32 54 Do. 225 NWJ^SEJOec. 9. __ V 162.8 Dg 31.9 48 Do. 226 NE^SEM sec. 13 - __ .. 1904 V 176 Dr 132 4 Do. 227 NWKSWJ4 sec. 13 . V 175 Dr 200± 200± Sand and gravel. 228 SEMSW^ sec. 13 _ ___ S. F. Parker...... V 175.6 Dg 29 ft 36 Valley fill. 229 SWJ^SWJOec. 14...... F 109 B 31 10 Young alluvium. 230 SW^NEMsec. 15...... F 104 Dr 110 4 Do. 231 NWJ^NE^ sec. 16____._. V 163 Dr 106 4 102 4 Gravel. 232 SWJ^SW^ sec. 17--. __ V 157 Dg 30 42 Valley fill. 233 1935 F 100 Dr 135 6 Do. 234 NWMSWM sec. 23_____- F 100 Dn 18-22 2 Gravel. 235 NE^NE^sec. 32_._ _ . 1905? V 161.1 Dg 29.2 42 Valley fill. 236 SEUNWi4 sec. 33...... C. S. Williamson. _____ . __ ... V 165 Dg 46 48 Do. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Wiilamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Tem­ Above Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which Use of above Remarks pis. well is pacity water * ture Above low Gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

215 30 L D 160 2.8 18.6 Sept. 24, 1928 _ 216 53 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 40. Backfilled with gravel to depth of 56 feet. Yield reported. 6.8 gallons a minute. 217 57 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 41. Bedrock at depth of 35 feet. Yield reported, 3.8 gallons a minute. 218 40 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 42. Salt water and gas at bottom, shut off by 15-foot clay plug at bottom of well. Yield of fresh water, about 1 gallon a minute. 219 L N Top of concrete collar on brick 165 .0 17.3 Aug. 13, 1929-- curb. 220 L D Top of 5-inch casing (raise 156 1 f 20.45 July 22. 1929 pump). 2.3 1 28.8 Aug. 12, 1929,... 221 295 D, S 1015 April 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 24. Yield reported, 10 gallons a minute. 222 83 D, Q .do. _- io§ ..do ...... Yamhill Farms, unit 25. Yield reported, 5 gallons a minute, with draw-down of about 12_ feet. 223 L D 156 .0 21.5 Aue. 12, 1929- - 224 L D, S 160 1.2 22.2 Sept. 20, 1928 225 31.9 D 163. 53 .7 » 22. 13 Sept. 28, 1936-.. 226 132 L D, S Top of casine (beneath floor of 176 46.8 Aug. 13, 1929-- pump house). 227 L D, S (Top of box curb______177.4 1.8 11 27. 5 Sept. 20, 1928 j Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 228 29 B D 50 176. 40 .8 26.63 Sept. 28, 1936- ._ 229 L D 109 .0 26.9 Aug. 12, 1929... . 230 L D, B Top of 2-inch plank casine cap 104 .5 6.6 .--.do ...... 231 102 L D Top of 4-inch casing (raise 164 .8 13.41 July 22, 1929 . pump). 232 B D 161 3.5 28.4 Sept. 20, 1928 f .0 Dec. 18, 1935--.- 1 Flowed a trickle when drilled; water level has receded 233 P D 50 100 .0 1 .64 June29, 1938 / gradually. 234 22 C 100 I 107 September 1928 Three wells connected by joint suction to common pump; irrigate 4 acres. 235 29.2 L N 161. 63 .5 " 18. 71 Sept. 29, 1936..-. 46 169 4.4 42.05 Sept. 20. 1928 236 N N TOD of box curb _ ...... __ .. 00 See footnotes at end of table. -I TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00 GO

Height Principal water-bearing bed No. Topo­ Di­ on Year graphic above Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 level Depth or 2 pleted tion i (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 5 S., R. 2 W. 237 V 166 B 20 8 Valley fill. 238 SWJ^NE^ sec. 14... _ . V 180 Dr 112 4 Do. 239 NWJ^SEJ^ sec 14 H. E.Nibler ______.. __ _ _. V 182 Dg im 18 Do. 240 NEi^NEJ^ sec. 16. _. __ V 171 B 25 10 Do. 241 SW^SEJ^sec. 17 .... ___ V 180 B 23 4 Do. 242 NWJiSWJi sec. 18 V 176 Dg 26 4 Do. 213 SWJ^NEVt sec 20 1927 V 176.7 Dg 23.0 30 Do. 244 SEi^NWJisec. 21.... V 180 Dg 20 8 Do. fAgricultural Research Corporation (Sam »252 18-6 f 112 31 Gravel and sand. 245 NWMSWJi sec. 25 \ H. Brown). | 1930 V 180.3 Dr \ 218 25 Sand and gravel. 246 SEJ^NWJi sec. 26... __ V 183 Dg 19 36 Valley fill. 247 SWJ^NEJi sec. 26... _ 1928 V 183 Dr 8 140 10-8 122 18 Gravel and coarse sand. 248 _ .do ._ _ 1910 V 1 183 Dr 123 6 120± Gravel. 250 NWJiSEJi sec. 26... _ . 1907 V 181.0 Dg 18.5 54 Valley fill. 251 SWJiNEJOec. 31- V 173 B 24 8 Do. 252 SEJ4NWJ4 sec. 35... . V 180 Dr 139 8 120 Gravel. T. 5 S., R. 1 W. 253 SW^NE)4 sec. 6.. __ _ Mrs. S. D. J. Whitney...... ___ ... V 178 Dg 18H 54 Valley fill. 254 1929 V 181.2 Dg 17.7 30 Do. 255 SEJ£SWJ£ sec. 8 ... C. B. Bruno ... ._ . . . 1924 V 180 Dr 122 4 120 2 Coarse sand. 256 NEJi£NWJ£ sec. 9.___ _ . 1924 V 178 Dr »190 12 160 . 15 Gravel. 257 NEJiSWJisec. 9.. __ .. V 176 Dg 20 18 Valley fill. 258 NEJ^NWJ^ sec. 13.. B. F. Shrock __ . _ .... _ .. __ ... V 195.9 Dg 29 30 Do. 259 _-do- _ - . 1925? V 195.7 Dr 137 4 Do.(?) 260 NEJ^NWJ^ sec 13 1852 V 193.9 Dg 27 48 Do. 261 NWJi sec. 16?. West.. ____ ...... _____ ..... _ . ... V 180 Dr 117 6 110 7 Sand and gravel. f 60 70 261k NWMSWM sec. 17 . V 180 Dr 201 I 183 18 } Do. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Tern Above Ca­ pera- (or be­ (or on which Use of Remarks well is pacity water « ture Above low above pis. gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type« lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

237 P D 168 1.5 19.1 Sept. 26, 1928 . 238 L D .0 17.3 Aug. 15, 1929____ I 16.1 Sept. 26, 1928..-. 239 18 P D, S 184 2.4 \ 14.6 Aug. 15, 1929_._. 240 P S Top of 6- by 8-inch timber. _.__ 173 1.6 15.7 Aue. 13, 1929--. 241 P D 182 2.0 18.0 do _ 242 N N 176 .5 20.7 -do -.-- 243 23 D, S 177. 16 .5 "19.83 Sept. 28, 1936 _ 244 P D, S 180.5 1.2 16.4 Sept. 20, 1928_.__ 18-inch casing to 155 feet, 6-inch casing 150 to 252.3 feet; I11 16. 3 Mar. 31, 1930_._. perforated at depths of 117-147 and 215-245 feet. In 245 252 T 850 I 181. 31 1.0 { 15. 17 Mar. 30, 1936____ 1930. yield 875 to 940 gallons a minute, with draw­ I 23.53 Sept. 28, 1936___- down of 49 feet. 246 N N 184 .5 13.0 Sept. 20, 1928 1 ( 23.4 - do ______Oity well 2. 10-inch casing to 128 feet, 8-inch slotted 247 140 T 200 P 56 183 .5± casing 120 to 140 feet. Chemical analysis of water in \ 22.0 July 31, 1929_____ } table 9. 248 123 L 25 P City well 1. 250 D 181. 47 .5 " 13. 57 Sept. 28, 1936 _ 251 24 P D Top of concrete-tile casing __ 176 3.1 19.7 Sept. 19, 1928 - 252 T 150 I 10 18-21 Tested yield reported, 350 gallons a minute with draw­ down of 70 feet. 253 P D 178.61 .0 13.5 Sept. 26, 1928 . 254 P D 183. 95 2.8 11 14. 75 Sept. 28, 1936 255 122 L D, S mi6 256 180 L 200 D, In Casing perforated at depths of 116-124 and 161-180 feet. 257 L D, S Top of 4- by 4-inch pump sup­ 177 1.0 15.4 Sept. 26, 1928 , port. 258 N N 196. 42 .5 11 27. 9 .....do . . Used as sump for run-off from roof of dwelling; water levels not reliable during rainy season. fn 38. 7 Sept. 24, 1929 259 PI 5 D, S 196. 24 .5 \ 39. 62 Sept. 28, 1936 260 N N 193. 87 .0 25.91 _____ do ___ - 261 mi4 26114 T 500 In GO See footnotes at end of table. CD CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued o Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height Di­ No. Year graphic above on Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth < ameter pis. 1 tion1 (inches) Depth Thick- or 2 pleted level to top ness (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. B S., R. 1 W Con. 262 NEJ^NW^ sec. 18______1925 V 182 Dr 9186 12 167 14 Gravel and coarse sand. 263 NE^NWJi sec. 18___..__ V 182 Dr »175 12-6 164 11 Coarse gravel. 264 SW^NEJisec. 19...... V 186 B 19^2 7 Valley fill. 265 SWJ4SEK sec. 2L______V 170 Dr 100 4 97 3 Gravel. 266 SW^SEJi Sec. 25...... T 210.7 Dg 43 48 Valley fill (?). 267 SEJ4SEJ4 sec. 25 __ . do 1921 H 190 Dr 284 4 Do. 268 SE^SEM sec. 25..... _ . W. H. Coffin _ _ ... ._ _. F 175 Dr 220 4 190 30 Sand. 269 SEMNE& sec. 26_._ .... T? 200 Dr 54 4 40 14 Coarse gravel. 270 SEJ^SEJi sec. 28______V 182 Dr 92 4 Valley fill (?). T. B 8., R. 1 E. 271 NWJ^NEJi sec. 2.... ____ T 260 Dr 125 6 120 5 Gravel. 272 SEJ4SWM sec. 5. ______1928 V 187.4 Dr 40+ 4 Valley fill. 273 NWJ^NEJ^ sec. 8 ...... T? 194.7 Dg 19 60 Terrace deposit (?). 274 NEJ^SWJisec. 11-.. _ . 267.2 Dg 27 48 Do. 275 SWJ^NEJisec. 15... _ T 250± Dr 98 4 97 1 Gravel. 276 SWMSWM sec. 15_'._ ..__ WmYoAer...... T 245 Dr 335 4 312 5 Sand. 277 SW^SW^ sec. 21. ______S. C. Stetter-.. ... ____ .. ___ _ _ .. H 186.4 Dg 24 48 Valley fill (?). 278 SEJ-iSWJi sec. 24______H 250± Dr 90 6 Basalt. 279 SEJiSWM sec. 26._ __ S. R. Ray... ____ . _ ____._... ____ . H 226.0 Dg 20 48 Slope wash. T. B S., R. % E. ( 250 15 Sandstone. 280 SWJ^SWJi sec. 8... _____ 1927 T 340 Dr «295 6 \ 290 2 Do. 281 NEJ^NEJisec. 17...... City of Molalla----. ______1912 T 380 Dr 273 8 237 36 Seams in shale or earthy sand­ stone. 282 SEMSWM sec. 19.. ______Virgil Dart. . ______. ______H 300± Dr 220 Basalt (?). TABLE 11. Records of ivells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be- (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture iow lor 2 sea (+)) cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) land uring ute) surface point (feot) (feet)

262 186 T 600 P m 30 City well 3. Unperforated 12-inch casing to 167 feet, slotted casing 169 to 186 feet. In 48-hour test, reported to have yielded 650 gallons a minute with draw-down of 90 feet. 263 175 T 150 In Unperforated 12-inch casing to 127.2 feet, slotted liner casing from 126.8 to 142.8 feet, Unperforated 6-inch casing 136.1 to 176.2 feet. 264 19 P D 188 2.2 17.2 Sept. 26, 1928... . 265 100 D Tested yield reported, 25 gallons a minute for 6 hours. 266 L D,S 211.22 . 5 41.8 Sept. 21, 1928 267 C 100± P 268 D Deepest of several flowing wells in Monitor, yield about 15 gallons a minute by artesian pressure. Two other wells within 200 yards entered water-bearing sand at 114 and 128 feet. 269 L D 270 L D Top of 4-incli casing (raise 185 2.8 25.3 Sept. 21, 1928 . pump) . 271 125 D i»25 Tested capacity reported, 12 gallons a minute with 60- foot draw-down. 272 L D Top of 4-inch casing (raise 188. 08 .7 28. 15 Sept. 22, 1928..-. pump) . 273 19 PI D 196. 22 1.5 16.6 ...-do.....-.-. 274 L D 52.0 267. 93 .7 f 25.7 -do ----- jchemical analysis of water in table 9. 275' 1 26.5 Oct. 10,1928 98 L 10 D, S "53 276 222 L D, S . do . -__- . . 10 75 277 L D, S 186. 90 .5 21.9 Sept. 22, 1928 1 278 "12 279 P D 226. 95 1.0 15.4 do ----- 280 245 281 273 N N Water very hard; well abandoned. 282 0 Capacity reported, about 3 gallons a minute. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued CO fcO Principal .water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth 4 ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level Depth or 2 tion i (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T.6S., R.5W. 283 SEMNEM sec. 8_ __ I. O. O. F. Hall. _____ . ___ . ____ V 181.0 DBg 27 36 Valley fill. 284 SW&NWM sec. ll ~~ V 185.3 29 6 Do. 285 NWMNWMsec. 29- V? 197.5 Dg 40 48 Do. T. e s., R. 4 w. 286 NWJ^SWJi sec. 5...... V 165 Dg 32 28 Do. 287 NWM sec. 6? . H Dr 2,400 Bedrock. 288 SEMSWM sec. 16...... W. H. Allenbaugh.... . ___ ..... V 205 Dg 26 60 Valley fill. 289 SE^SWJ^ sec. 18.. _ ... I. J. White.... - ______.. ____ F 195 Dg 25 48 Young alluvium. T. 6 S., R. S W. 290 NWJ^SWJi sec. 2.... _ . F 115 Dn «i Do. 291 NE^SEJ^ sec. 11.. _ ... Robert Cole. ______. 1872 F 121.9 Dg 22.5 48 Do. 292 SEJ^SEM sec. 14..... __ J. W. LaFollette.. ______V 180 Dg 46 48 Valley fill. 293 SE^NWM sec. 23 Nick Valiech.. ______. ______... . V 181.0 Dg 75.3 36 Do. 294 SEJiSEMsec. 28 .. . Wm. Walek. . - . _____ .. . F 139 Dn 31 «* Young alluvium?. 295 NEJiSWM sec. 29...... 1905? V 172.9 Dg 41.6 60 Valley fill. 296 SWJiSEJi sec. 30 V 168 Erg 25 36 Do. 297 SEMSEM sec. 33__ _ Gideon E. Stolz ______. _ . F 133.3 57 8 47 10 Gravel and cobbles. 297ji NWMSE}£ sec. 36... _ . 1930 F 155 Dr 94 18 55 25 Old alluvium. T. 6 S., R. % W. 298 SE^SE^ sec. 4__...... E. W. Manning. _ .. __ . ______..... V 185 . Dg 22 48 20± Sand. 299 SWJ4SWM sec. 5 ...... 1922 V 178 Dr 123 8 114 9 Gravel. 300 SWMSEM sec. 13_...... R. O. Dunn..._ _ _ __ ...... ______V 189 Dg 21 8 20± Fine sand. 301 SEJ^SEKsec. 13.__ V 188 Dr 146 4 146 Gravel. 302 SE^NEMsec. 17_ ... 1921 V 179.1 Dg 21.4 24 Valley fill. 303 NE^SWJ^ sec. 17. V 180 Dg 16 36 Do. 304 NE^NE^sec. 22..--... W. R. Daugherty ______F 152 ^ Dg 20 36 Young alluvium. 305 NWMSEKsec. 24.. Nels C. Johnson. -... __ . . __ ...... _ 1885? V 201.2 Ds 20 Valley fill. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pacity Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture low lor 2 cased Type 5 Description sea Date 8 (feet) lons level meas- a min­ (feet) i land , uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

283 27 f B ^ D |Top of box curb-.-.--. ____ 184. 10 3.1 "20.2 Sept. 24, 1928 i PI J XTop of 2-inch plank deck __ _. 181. 94 1.0 18.07 Sept. 28, 1936 187. 18 1.9 H17.4 Sept. 21, 1928 284 12 P S ]Top of concrete-tile casing 186. 39 1.1 17.09 Sept. 28, 1936 285 42 N S Top of concrete deck, through 199. 03 1.5 17.8 Sept. 24, 1928 manhole. 286 32 L D 16,5 .5 24.8 ..do -- 287 N N Flowing well, salt water from considerable depth. No fresh water except at relatively shallow depth. 288 26 L N 206 .8 12.9 Sept. 24, 1928 289 25 L S 195 .3 19.6 290 L D i" 15 291 D, S 122. 76 .9 n 22. 79 Sept. 29, 1936 292 L D, S Top of plank pump support __ 182 2.1 44.3 Sept. 19, 1928___- 293 N N 181. 41 .4 11 73. 38 Sept. 29, 1936 294 31 P D 52 142 2.5 26.4 Sept. 19,1928 . Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 295 D 174. 08 1.2 n 30. 93 296 P D --- .do- .. -...... 168 .5 16.4 Sept. 20, 1928. .. fit 10. 30 July 3, 1929...... 297 57 fN N 119.56 -13.7 XL _-D X 14. 09 Sept. 24, 1929-... [Top of timber pump support-­ 134. 14 1.0 28.36 Sept. 29, 1936 .-_ 298 2 90 T P, I 38.6 Nov. 22, 1930 . Yield, 500 gallons a minute with draw-down of 30 feet. 22 P D, S 186 1.0 15.9 Sept. 21, 1928 299 123 L I Land surface __ _ ..... 107 Irrigates 5 acres. Small yield of water 35 to 40 feet in depth, clay 40 to 114 feet. 300 L D 52 191 1.6 15.6 Sept. 21, 1928.... Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Backfilled around tile casing. 301 L D Top of 4-inch casing (raise 189 .5 43.2 .-...do--...-..- pump). 302 21.-4 D Top of concrete-tile casing. 178. 84 -.3 » 15. 82 Sept. 28, 1936 . 303 N N 180 .0 n 13. 6 Sept. 21, 1928 Several adjacent wells tap gravel at depth of 80 feet. 304 20 P D, S 154 2.0 15.65 Sept. 29, 1928 305 L S Top of board cover...,.,-...... 201. 66 .5 H17.41 Sent. 28. 1936..... See footnotes at end of table. CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on graphic Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Thick­ pls.l pleted level Depth or 2 tion i (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 6S.R.2 W. 306 NEKSW^ sec. 31 F 154 Dg 22H 36 Young alluvium (?). 307 NWMNWM sec. 34. V 186 Erg 46J4 36 Valley fill. 308 SE^NWM sec. 36. - F 186 35+ 4 Do. T. 6 S., R. 1 W. 309 NWJ4NWJ4 sec 6 V? 164 Dg 32 42 Do. 310 SEMNEMsec. 10 1927 T 215 Dr 400 12 100 "Soft gray rock." 311 SEMNEMsec. 16 V 188 Dg 2654 36 Valley fill. 312 NW34SWJ£ sec 18 V 190 Dr 198 4 198 Gravel. 313 SE^NWJisec. 26. V? 255.5 24^ 42 Valley fill. 314 NWJ4SWJ4 sec 29 V 185 Ef 98 6 98 Coarse sand. 315 NEMNEM sec. 32- -__ W. A. Gatchet------V 188 Dg 30 36 Valley fill. T. 6 S., R. 1 E. 316 SEKSE^sec.4.--- . T? 298.6 Dg 20 48 Valley fill(?). 317 SEJ^SEVisec. 5_ V? Dr 202 4 80 8 Sand and gravel. 318 NW^SWMsec. 7__ - T? 260.4 21 42 Gravel. 319 NWMNEMsec. 9__ T? 300 Sf 400± T. 7 S., R. 5 W. 320 SWMSE^sec. 27 .. T 305 Dg 24 48 Terrace deposit. T. r s.. R. 4 w. 321 SWMNWMsec. X ----- .1. J. Neufeld V 183.9 Dg 12.9 48 Valley fill. 322 NE^SWMsec. 19..- ___ W. C. Palmer. __ _ V 188 Dg 15 30 Do. 323 do.-- -. _ ___- -do.--.-- - 1918 V 186.8 B 21.1 4 Do. 324 SW^SEJ^sec. 21 .__ _ _ V 177 21 60 Do. 325 SW^SW^sec. 29-- 1928 V B? 128 4 Bedrock (?). 326 SEMSE^sec. 34-- __- . V 174 25J^ 36 Valley fill. 32614 --..do..-- __ -..---.--_. . ._. do_ ___ . -..... -.. . V 174 8f 47 4 47 Sand and eravel. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Tem­ Below No. to Ca­ Above (or on which Use of pera­ (or be­ Remarks pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 6 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) 7 land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

306 P D 154 0.3 19.0 Sept. 21, 1928____ 307 46 L D _____do______. ______186 .3 39.9 Sept. 13, 1928.... 308 L D Top of 4-inch casing Craise 187 1.0 23.5 _____do_. ______pump). 309 32 L D Top of porch floor __ ___ ,___ 165 1.0 29.35 Sept. 21, 1928 _ 310 90 T 200 P 58 311 L D, S Top of 2- by 4-inch pump sup­ 188 .0 21.5 Sept. 21, 1928 port. 3-12 198 i«18 313 24M PI D, S Top of brick curb ______:, _ 256. 00 .5 16.4 Sept. 21, 1928_.__ 314 98 L D, S Land surface ______10 36 315 L D 190 1.6 27.6 Sept. 13, 1928___ . Yield barely adequate. Adjacent drilled wells enter gravel at 65 to 75 feet. 316 B D 304.3 5.7 19.1 Sept. 22, 1928 . 317 87 L D, S Soil 5 feet, clay 75 feet, gravel and sand 8 feet, shale 114 feet. Yield reported about 12 gallons a minute. /n 12. 6 Sept. 21, 1928 318 21 L S 261. 38 1.0 \ 14.05 Sept. 28, 1936 _ 319 No water-bearing beds. 320 24 I, D Top of plank cover _ _ _ __ 306 .3 21.55 Sept. 12, 1928 321 12.9 ------D, S Top of cover on well housing __ 186.54 2.6 11 13. 06 Sept. 29, 1936 P D f 10.8 Sept. 11, 1928 322 192 3.4 \ 9.19 Oct. 28, 1935 323 21.1 P S Top of concrete-tile casing, ____ 186. 77 .0 11 6. 85 do . 235 feet north of well 322. 324 21 P D 178 1.1 15.3 Sept. 14, 1928 . 325 D 326 25K N N Top of brick curb.. ______174 .0 20.05 Sept. 19, 1928 Yield small. 326^ Land surface ______1037 Yield, about 35 gallons a minute. 10 feet south of well 326. See footnotes at end of table.

CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on graphic Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type s Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion' to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 7 S., R. S W. 327 NW^SEMsec. 1_ _ F 151.8 Dg 19.6 36 Young alluvium. 328 NWMNWMsec. 13 V 167.3 Dg 35.5 42 Valley fill. 329 SW^SEJ^sec. 13- 1926 V 195 Dr 54 8 30 24 Gravel and sand. 330 NWJ4NWJ4 sec 14 F 134 Dr 58 36-8 Gravel. 331 NWMSE&sec. 17-- 1926 H 365 Dr 260 6 250 10 Crevices in basalt. 331^ SWMNEM sec. 22 V 165 Dr 400 100 Gravel, cemented. 33194 do V 165 Dr 175 50 Gravel. 332 NE^SEMsec. 22 3, W. Parker.. . ______V 165 Dr 50 6 35 15 Gravel and sand. f 21 12 332}^ SWKSWMsec. 22 F 140 Dr 9 165 { 42 . 6 } Do. 333 NWMNE^ sec. 23-- V 165 Dr 9 248J4 12-10 188 60^ Basalt (?). 334 SW^NE}4sec. 23- .. Public Works Engineering Corporation... 1929 V 165 Dr «267 12-10 60 35 Gravel, cemented. 335 SWJiNWMsec. 24.- do 1929 V 185 Dr 336 NWMSEW sec 24 A. W. Stryker-. 1929 V 202 Dr »115 4 115 Gravel, loose. 337 NEJiNEJOec. 25 V 210 Dr 93 4 85 8 Gravel. 338 NEJ^NWJOec. 25.- 1925 V 200 Dr 9 112Ji 12 95 16 Do. 338^ NE^SW^ sec. 25- V 205 Dr »160 12 122 12 Do. 339 NW^SWJ^ sec 26 1914 F 160± Dr 200 12 200± 340 NWj4NE}^ sec 27 Otto Klett- - - - 1925 F 165 Dr 400± 341 NE^NWHsee. 27.- F 165 Dr 460± 342 NWJ4NE34 sec 28 F 125 Dg 34 168 30± Gravel. 343 -do..... - . do.. F 125 Dg 27« 108 25± Do. 344 do - do.- - - 1928 F 125 Dr 52^ 10 42 16 Sand and grave 1 . 345 NEMSE^ sec. 33 1929 H 385 Dr 101 6 Basalt (?). 346 NE^SWl^ sec. 35. E. O. Armmann----. - __ __ . _ ...- 1912 V 179.4 B 28.0 6 Valley fill. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above Use of pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture sea low lor 2 cased Type 5 lons Description level meas­ Date * ' (feet) a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

327 PI D, S 152. 85 1.0 11 19. 02 Sept. 29, 1936 328 N do...... 167. 30 .0 » 35. 21 Sept. 22, 1936 329 54 L 27 D, I Irrigates 3 acres. 330 C 100 I 134 .0 14.4 Sept. 19, 1928 331 19 L 12 D 10 100± 100 In Silt and gravel 100 feet, shale (no water) 100 feet, basalt (little water) 200 feet. 331M 50 In Struck bedrock (shale, no water) at 50 feet. 332 50 Reported yield, 20 gallons a minute in 8-hour test. 332M Deepest of four test holes near filter crib. 333 218 T 250 In .do.. 10 17. 5 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Lower 60 feet of casing perforated. Reported draft, 700 gallons a minute in 26-hour test. 334 242 T 400 P do 1022 Salem well 1. Pumpage reported, 500,000 to 650,000 gallons a day. 335 T P Salem well 2. 336 115 PI 7 D "14 Reported yield in 10-hour test, 18 gallons a minute, with draw-down of 5 feet. 337 90 ....-do. 105 338 106 L 150 P -do »28 Well 3, at laundry. Yield in 7-day test reported, 235 gallons a minute with draw -down of 85 feet. Well 1, 200 feet west in engine room, 97 feet deep, yields 150 gallons a minute; well 2, 140 feet west and 25 feet south, 82 feet deep, yields 75 gallons a minute. 338 Ji 300 P .do.. .. 101260 Struck bedrock at 134 feet. 339 PI 240 N 1015 Former locomotive supply. 340 No water-bearing beds. 341 Do. 342 34 PI 165 P 54 .0 12 29. 5 Sept. 19, 1928 - Chemical analysis of water in table 9. City well 1, 20 feet southwest of pump house. P 343 52 2 PI 50 Edge of manhole rim _ ...... 3.95 f 12 26. 7 ..... do.... . City well 2, 10 feet south of pump house. 344 T 330 P * I 24.9 City well 3, within dug well 2; shallow aquifers cased off. 345 61 I Top of casing .__- _ _ . 1044 Soil 5 feet, decomposed basalt 52 feet, basalt 44 feet. 346 PI D Top of tile casing--..,- . .... 179.40 .0 11 18. 69 Sept. 29. 1936 See footnotes at end of table. CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued CO 00 Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on graphic Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth 4 ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i (feet) to top ness Character O (feet) (feet) S3

T. 7 S., R. 8 W. § 347 SEMSWMsec. 1 1905 V 198.9 Dg 33 72 Do. 348 NEMSEMsec. 3 Wm. Roth... . V 205 Dr 84 6 74 10 Gravel and sand. 349 SEMSEJ4 sec. 4______1928 V 195 Dr 100 4 50 50 Do. 350 V 224.2 Dg 47 47 Gravel. 24 48 351 NWMNWMsec. 15 . 1900 V 191.1 j. 3 Valley fill. 371 SEMNEJ4 sec. 27 Birch__. ______..._.____.__._.____._____ F 149 B 23 3 Young alluvium. 372 NWiiNEiisec. 28... Indeoendence Creamery.-- ______... F 150 B 35 6 35± Gravel. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be- (or pacity Above 1 low above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture sea <+))! lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description f level 1 ,(- )^ meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

347 L D 199. 41 0.5 11 3.44 March 16, 1936 .. 348 80 i"25 349 100 L D -do-- 1037 /" 42. 8 Sept. 13, 1928 ^Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 350 L D, S 52.5 225. 67 1.5 \ 44.78 Sept. 21, 1936 /i 120. 5 Sept. 14, 1928-.. . 351 L D, S 191.60 .5 \ 22. 61 Sept. 28, 1936- _. 352 38 L S 182 1.0 " 17.5 Sept. 14, 1928 353 6 L D 254 .0 28.15 Sept. 13, 1928 354 82 1020 355 D Top of 2-inch plank deck 229. 70 .6 " 27. 75 Sept. 29, 1936- _. 356 L S 213 .4 19.3 Sept. 13, 1928 357 41 10 11 358 47 I) .....do. __ . .._.__ 1020 359 50 L I do . 10 15 Irrigates 5 acres. Yearly draft, about 200,000 gallons. 360 T 100 I _ .do ______1020 Tested capacity reported, 250 gallons a minute with draw-down of 40 feet. * 361 24 L D 197 .5 15.75 Sept. 11, 1928 . 361M N "Sulphur" water. Pumped excessive quantity of fine sand; well abandoned. 361M N Former public supply; discontinued owing to declin­ ing yield. 362 0 1,000 I Water 50 acres of hops. 363 L 364 18 N N 226 .0 12.95 Sept. 11, 1928 - 365 6 S 208.4 .6 11 13. 60 Sept. 29, 1936. 366 N N 165 .4 11 24. 9 Sept. 11, 1928 . Formerly watered stock. 307 26.9 PI 4 D,S 167. 34 2.0 "25.41 Sept. 29, 1936 368 42 C 1,000 I 1012 Waters 35 acres. Lower 13 feet of casing perforated. 369 No water-bearing beds; shale below depth of 47 feet. 370 N N Top of casing (high point) 161 .9 11 26. 95 Sept. 11, 1928 . 371 P D 150 1.2 17.8 Sept. 18, 1928 372 N N Land surface. ______i«15 4-inch centrifugal pump formerly. See footnotes at end of table. CO «O TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. above Di­ on Year graphic Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 8 Depth < ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion" (feet) to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Con. 373 SEMNWMsec. 28_ F 150 Dr 45± 8 Young alluvium. 374 NWMNEJ^ sec 29 V 174.0 Dg 27.5 36 Valley fill. 375 NEMNE&sec. 31...... 1935 V 195 Dr 302 6 260 Shale. 376 ..do. .__-...... -do...... ------1936 V 195 39 48 {? 39-59 6± * Valley fill. 377 NWMSWM sec. 31_ -_ 1921 H 210.9 Dg 25.5 42 Slope wash. T. 8 S., R. 3 W. 378 NEUNEJisec. 2__...... V 192 Dr 4 379 SWj|SEJ£sec. 2... . H 240 Dr 270 12-8 Bedrock. 380 NWJ£NWMsec. 12 H 275 Dr 285 10 Do. 381 NEj£SWMsec.-19.-._ 1926 H 950 Dr 400 10 355 14 Porous basalt. 382 do H 950 Dr 191 6 90 5 Volcanic scoria. T. 8 S., R. 2 W. 383 SWJ^SWKsec. 5...... 1937 V 230 Dr 384 SEJ^SEM sec. 7 ...... 1937 V 235 Dr 265 90 Sand and grav 385 SEJ£NWJ£sec.8 do 1925 T 265 Dr ° 1,006 455 17 Sandstone. 386 SWMNEJ£sec.8.. do 1928 H 235 Dr 115 8 85 30 Basalt (?). 387 SWMSEM sec. 9_ -. H 590 Dr 94 3 94 Sand. 388 SEMSW^sec. 28...... V 292 Dn 10 IX Gravel. 389 NWJ^NEJ^ sec. 35...... V 326 Dg 15 30 Valley fill. T. 8 S., R. 1 W. 390 SWMSWMsec. 30-. .. V 366 Dg 37 144 Do. T. 9 S., R. 5 W. 391 NEMNEMsec. 24, ...... F 200 Dr 120 3 120 Shale. 392 SEUsec. 36. ...-. DeArmand ___ ------...... 1928 H 240 Dr 121 6 114 7 Sandstone and shale. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point "Water level

Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which Use of Eemarks well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above pis. (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

373 C P 53.5 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Three wells about 100 feet apart; common suction to three pumps with capacities of 540, 750, and 1,000 gallons a minute. 374 N N Top of steel bar spanning well.. 174.03 0.0 "17.43 Sept. 29, 1936 . 375 253 N N 2± Mav26, 1938.... Strong salt water. Bluish-gray shale 264 feet, drab sandstone 17 feet, soft sandy shale 21 feet. 376 39 L N Yields 600 gallons a day in autumn. 377 25J-2 B, P D Top of 2- by 4-inch frame of box 218. 68 7.8 " 20. 31 Sept. 29, 1936--. curb. 378 L S 191 -.8 10.3 Sept. 14, 1928 - 379 60 D 380 29J-S L 55 D Struck bedrock at 22^ feet. 381 L D Soil 8 feet, clay and weathered rock 99 feet, basalt 293 feet. 382 Perched water, drained when porous basalt was struck at 185 feet; cement plug 182 feet below land surface. 20 feet from well 381. N 383 N Irrigation contemplated. 384 T 150 I 1010 Struck bedrock at 127 feet, no water-bearing beds below. Draw-down reported, 110 feet when pump­ ing 150 gallons a minute. 385 .do . ---_ ...... i°108 Capacity very small; well abandoned and filled. 386 76 T 100 D ..do-- - 10 10-15 Reported yield, 90 gallons a minute in 96-hour test with draw-down of 85 feet. 387 27 L D 388 10 P D,S 294 2.3 8.3 Sept. 13,1928 389 P D ._ _ do..-.- ______... 329 3.4 14.05 390 PI 35 In 366 8.95 Aug. 31, 1928- - 391 N 10 0. 0± Salty water; well abandoned. 392 See footnotes attend of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued O bO Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Location Owner or user situa­ sea Types Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i (feet) to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 9 S., R. 4 W. 393 NEJ^NWJ^ sec 4 V 180 Dii 45 3 25 Gravel and sand. 394 SEMNEJOee. il Sloper Bros. ___ - ._ ------F 156.9 Dr 32 8 24 8 Do. 395 SWJ4NWJ4 sec 19 V 210 Dg 34 48 Valley fill. 396 SWJ4SWJisec. 23__----_ 1869 T 238.7 Dg 30.9 Terrace deposit (?) . 397 SEJiSEKsee. 23 ._ F 171 Du 26 1M 21 Gravel. 398 NWJiNEM sec. 25 F 172 Dg 17 48 Do. 399 SWMNWJ4 sec. 25 ;. _ 1926 F 170 Dg 13^ 48 13J* Do. 400 .- do-.------. _. F 175 Dg 15± Do. 401 SEMNE^ sec. 26- ____ D. E. Turnidge -- -- - 1926 F 170 Dg 11 48 9 Do. 402 NEJ^SEJi sec. 26- do 1928 F 175 Dg 13 48 Do. 403 SW^SE^ sec. 26- ... F 175 Dg 17j'i 54 Do. 404 NW^SEMsec. 27-.. 1910 V 216.3 S5 30.8 36 Old alluvium. 405 NEMSWJ^ sec 31 1922 V 207.6 28.9 4 Do. 406 NWMSEJ£sec. 33- . V 203 T)r 44 8 Do. T. 9 S., R. 3 W. 407 NE^SEM sec. 28 ..... V 200 Dn 21 1M Do. 408 NE&SEMsec. 30 1925 F 181 Dg 17 72 Young alluvium. T. 9 S., R. 2 W. 409 SWJ^NEKsec. 4.. O. A. Bear -- .__----_ - V 305.1 Dn 27.9 IX Old alluvium. 410 NEMNWM sec. 10- ____ V 328 Du 14 IX Do. 411 NEMSW^sec. 24--. . V 368 Dg 23 48 22 Sand and gravel. 412 SE^NEMsec. 26 1933 F 347.8 Dn 13.3 iH Young alluvium. 413 NE^'NWM sec. 33...... V 297 Dn 18 IX Sand. 414 NWJ^NEJ^ sec 34 V 324.6 Dg 18.3 72 Old alluvium. T. 9 S., R. 1 W. V ' 415 NE&NE& see. 7- - . G.H.M. Brewer.--...... -- 396.3 Dg 16 36 Gravel. 416 .....do...-. .._- ..._ _ -do...... _ - V 395 Dn 16.8 Do. 417 SWMSEJi sec. 10 . 1928 F 448 Dr 200± 12 Bedrock. 418 NEJ^SEMsec. 20 - V 418 Dg 23 72 Old alluvium. T.108.,R.6 W. 419 SWMNEWsec. 34--.--. J. A. Fowler.-- ._ - 11 385 Dr 77 3 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Wtllamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump - . Measuring point Water level Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pacity Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water « ture low lor 2 cased Type 5 (°F.) Description sea (+)) Date 8 (feet) lons level (-)) meas­ a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

393 45 L D, H Land surface. _._ ___. 10 25-30 394 32 N N Jii 16.5 Sept. 12,1928-- \ Casinr, perforated 24 to 32 feet. Formerly for irrigation: 157. 93 1.0 X 17.41 Sept. 15,1936..- / tested capacity reported, 900 gallons a minute. 395 34 L D, S 210 26 9 Surrounds well drilled 70 feet deep and cased 20 to 70 feet below land surface. 396 P D 239. 68 1.0 11 23. 84 Sept. 15,1936____ 397 26 P D,S Lower valve seat of pump_ 174 2.7 26.55 Sept. 15,1928 398 C 250 I 170 -1.6 6.9 . do-. 399 133/2 C 250 I _- _. do__ _ - . do.. 400 I Irrigates 30 acres. 401 11 O 250 I Top of timber pump support. _ 170 .0 4.5 .--.do.- --. Drawn-down, about 5 feet. 402 13 O 250 I Top of timber curb 175 .0 11.3 ..-.do. - Drawn-down, about % foot. 403 N I - -do--- - . 175 .0 14.9 do-.- 404 31 PI D, S 216. 76 .5 11 18. 3fi Sept. 15, 1936 405 29 PI D, S Top of 2-inch plank cover. . . 207. 61 .0 11 12.07 Sept. 16,1936--- 406 PI 10 D, S 204 1.0 19.6 a OT-.+ o i noo 407 21 P D.S Lower valve seat of pump_ __. 203 2.7 12.2 Sept. 7, 1928 _ 408 17 PI 85 I Top of noitheast corner post . . 181.5 .6 12.0 Sept. 15,1928..- Irrigates 12 acres. 409 28 D Top of IJi-inch standpipe _-_ _ 308. 14 3.0 11 8. 85 Sept. 1. 1936 ._ . 410 17 P N 331 3.2 6.6 Aup. 31,1928- 411 5 B D 369 .5 15. 55 412 P D 350. 63 2.S 11 12. 70 Oct. 10, 3935-.-- 413 18 N N 297 .2 4.3 Aug. 31, 1928__- 414 P S 325. 14 .5 11 16. 12 415 16 N N /Top of IJi-inch standpipe / "7.75 Aug. 31,1928 \ (pump coupling). }399. 91 3.6 \ 9.04 Sept. 1,1936. . 416 P D At residence, about 200 yards east of well 415. 417 N N Working platform of drilling 450 2.5 20.5 Aug. 31, 1928. . - rig. 418 4 L D 419 .5 18.4 -..-do------419 Shale, not water-bearing. Well abandoned. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE.!!. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Height Principal water-bearing bed No. Topo­ Di­ on Year graphic above Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth < ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level Depth or 2 tion ! (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 10 S., R. 4 W. 420 SWJiNEJOec. 6. V 202 B 21H 8 Old alluvium. 421 SEJ^NWMsec. 12- F 185.7 Dg 24^ . 24 19 4 Gravel. 422 NEMNEJOec. 15. _ 1911 F 186.8 Dn 23.0 Young alluvium. 423 EJ^sec. 15 ------F 185 Dr 35 Sand. 424 SEWSWWsec. 16 V 216 Dr 31 3 31 Sandstone. 425 NWMSWM sec. 17 1910 V 215.8 Dg 28.4 72 Old alluvium. 426 SEMNEJi sec. 18...... L. 0. wmiatason...... L890 V 218.1 Dg 28.8 48 Do. 427 SEMSWMsec. 33 F. H. Van Lydegraf . - - 1929 T 265 Dr 156 3 147 9 Fine sandstone. T. 10 S., R. 3. W. 428 NWMSWM. sec. 1 V 234 Dg 13+ 36 Old alluvium. 429 SWJ^SWMsec. 4__ __ F 190 Dn 20 IJi Young alluvium. 430 NWM.sec. 5-.- F 190 Dg 25 Do. 431 SEJ^SWMsec. 6 _ 1925 F 180 Dg 13 48 9 Gravel. 432 SWMSWM sec. 7...... F 170 Dg 22^ 60 12 Do. 433 NEMNEJOec. 8__ ... F 196.5 Dn 17.7 Young alluvium. 434 SWMNWM sec. 19 . V 205 Dn 33 lj| 32 2 Old alluvium. 435 NWJ^SEMsec. 19- . R. O. Conser ------V 200 Dr »160 4 Shale and sandstone. 436 . do .. V 202 Dg 19 36 Old alluvium. 437 SWJ^SEMsec. 20- ______T 240 Dr 212% 3 Sandstone and shale. 438 NW^SEMsec. 21- 1885? T 242.2 Dg 17.9 72 Terrace deposit. 439 SW^SEJOec. 26___ _ N. V. Shelby . T 270 Dg 34^ 30 Slope wash. 440 SEJiSEMsec. 28. 1929 H 285 Dr 215 4 200 Shale. 441 SEJ^NEJi sec. 31 _ Z. E. Merrm...... V 200 Dr 90 Old alluvium (?). 442 NWJ^sec. 32_-__--__-___ _do ...... F 190 Dg 15 Young alluvium. 443 NEJiSWJi sec. 33 _. - V 215 Dr 50 Gravel. T. 10 S., R. % W.

444 NEJiNEJi sec. 1 . Southern Pacific Railroad...... 1928 V 350 Dr 51 6 f 28 5 Gravel. 1 51 Sand. 445 .....do...... P. F. Smith...... 1926 V 353 Dr 35 4 Old alluvium. 446 SEWS WM sec. 7 Paul C. Smith...... F 250 Dg 12 60 Coarse gravel. - TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons ("P.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

420 0 P S 202 0.0 18.7 fii 21.8 Aug. 1,1928-.--. 421 24 Pi N 187. 44 1.7 \ 22.10 422 P S Top of draft pipe (remove 189. 34 2.5 11 15. 96 pump and coupling). 423 Bottomed on shale; abandoned owing to small yield from sand. 424 24 p S 218 2.4 15.05 Sept. 8,1928-.... 425 P N 217. 15 1.3 11 15.47 Sept. 10,1936-.- 426 Pi S 218. 44 .3 11 20. 09 427 L D,S 10 12 Tested capacity reported, 4 gallons a minute with draw-down of 28 feet. 428 P S 236 1.9 11.1 Sept. 7,1928 . 429 20 P DI ' 196 5.3 17.7 430 300 431 13 O 200 I 10 2 1926 - Irrigates 3 acres. 432 22 C I 172 2.0 7.6 Irrigates 5 acres. 433 S 199. 52 3.0 11 16. 69 434 30 PI D,S 435 Salt water; well abandoned. 436 N S 202 -.5 12.5 Sept. 7, 1928 __ 437 25 L D,S 243 3.0 23. 55 Autc. 1,1928. ~- 438 S 242. 53 .3 11 15. 73 439 34 PI D, S __ _ do, ..______. 270 -.5 28.9 Sept. 7,1928. 440 D 1049 Yield very small. 441 C 40 I do___ ...... i°15 Reported yield, 50 gallons a minute with draw-down of 70 feet. 442 100 I Capacity reported, 500 gallons a minute. 443 D Struck bedrock at 48 feet. 444 34 L P 10 5 Capacity, about 20 gallons a minute. Perforated casing. 445 25 P D 353 .0 8.4 446 Pumped dry in 20 minutes with 2-inch centrifugal pump. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued o OS Principal water-bearing bed No. Topo­ Height Year above Di­ on Location Owner or user com­ graphic pis. 1 situa­ sea Type 3 Depth 4 ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted level (inches) tion ' (feet) 2 to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 10 8., R.% W Con. 447 SWMNWJi sec. 14 . V 296 Dg 21 Old alluvium. 448 NWMNEM sec. 17 D. Watkins . __ V 276.3 Dg . 27 36 Do. 449 SE^SWMsec. 21______F 251 Dn 18 Ik Young alluvium. 450 NW^SEM sec. 34...... F 262 Dn 20+ Ik Do. T. 10 S., R. 1 W. 451 NEMNE^sec. 16. . V 361 Dn 12 Ik Old alluvium. 452 NEMSE^sec. 18 F 313 Dg 13.3 48 Young alluvium. 453 NEMSWMsec. 18 1934 V 314.3 Dg 11.7 72 Old alluvium. 454 SW^SWJ^sec. 27_ . B. I. Arnold...------.------.... . V 326 Dg 12 Ik Do. T. 11 S., R. 5 W. 455 NWJiNEJi sec. 12.. . Alfred Wvlie... - -- .. 1929 H 250 Dr 98 3 90 M Becdrock. 456 SWMNEJisec. 13.- ... 1877 T 240.3 25.1 42 Slope wash. 457 NWMSEMsec. 23 ... H 285 8 85 3 80± Sandstone and shale. 458 NEHSWJisec. 23-- C. C. Steinel..------.. . _ --..-. ... 1928 H 378 Dr 160 3 160 Do. 459 SEJiSEM sec. 27 1910 V 231.6 Dn 40.4 Old alluvium (?). 460 NWMNW^sec. 35 City of Corvallis _ ... .._ __.______1937 V 225 Dr 18 33 20 Sand and pebbles. 461 SEJiSEJi sec. 35 __ F 215 Dr 200 462 NE^sec. 36±_ ...... Grover Smith . _ . _ F 210 Dg 30 Young alluvium. 463 SWMSEJisec. 36 Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station F 219.0 Dr 42 8 Old alluvium (?). 464 F 219.0 Dr 50 8 20 22 Coarse sand and gravel. 465 - do.- ...... do F 220 Dn 28 1« Old alluvium (?). T. 11 S., R. 4 W. 466 SWJ£SWJ4 sec. 1 1928 F 190 Dr 33 10 18 Sand. 467 SEJ^SWM sec. 1 ___ .. do 1928 F 190 Dr 37 15 8 Gravel. 468 SEMSEJisec. 1 ...... 1921 V 210 Dr 242 3 240+ Shale. 469 __ .do... . __ _ 1922 V 210 Dr 540 4-3 20fi Sandstone. 470 .. - So do....-. -. .. V 210 Dr 90 1« 90± Shale. 470^ - «JO -do-... . _ ___ . ______V 210 Dr 210 12 Do. 471 NEKNW^ sec. 2_ . .. PaulE. Johnston. _ ...... 1927 H 335 Dr 183 3 180± Sandstone. 472 NEkfSWJi sec. 4 V 224.0 Dg 31 42 Old alluvium. 473 NWWNEV sec. 12 Mountain States Power Co_._ ._ 1928 F 190 Dr 95 6 12 12 (Iravfll TABLK 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below on which Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water * ture sea low lor 2 cased Type* lons Description level meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) i land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

447 21 N N 300 2.9 18.2 Aug. 30, 1928 448 27 N N (Top pf brick curb. _-.____-_ .. 276. 31 .0 11 24. 7 do-- . \Top of concrete and steel collar. 276. 67 .5 26. 35 Sept. 1, 1936- - 449 18 P S 253 2.3 11.55 Aug. 30, 1928- __. 450 20 P D 267 5.3 17.90 -do... 451 P D . do 363 1.7 9.3 _do- - 452 P D 313 6.7 453 In 315. 26 1.0 11 4. 73 454 P D 53 330 3.7 9.33 Aug. 3, 1928. . . 455 25 N D Small yield. 456 P S 240. 34 11 12. 36 457 P D, S 54 +2.8 July 28, 1928 Flows slightly. 458 L D, S 459 P D 236. 28 4.7 11 22 37 460 P i« 13 Nov. 1937 At high school; gravel envelope. Yield reported, 75 gallons a minute with draw-down of 5 feet. 461 Test hole at bridge site. Gravel and sand 24 feet, bedrock (shale) 176 feet. 462 300 I 463 42 fn 1. 32 .Tulv 26, 1928 \ Most easterly of two wells in common pit 22 feet deep. 750 I f 197. 17 -21.8 \ .96 Aug. 5, 1936 J Common pump and suction pipe, perforated casings. 464 42 1 About 6 feet west of well 463. 465 PI D, S 51.5 1022 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 466 . -do. ... __--___ 10 12 Abandoned test hole. Bedrock (shale) at 28 feet. 467 . do 1012 Abandoned test hole. Bedrock at 23 feet. 468 N Capacity 2J£ gallons a minute. 469 N 210 .2 26.2 July 27, 1928 Water salty, well abandoned. 470 N 210 .5 17.3 do.. Capacity reported, 2 gallons a minute. 470^ Capacity reported 10 gallons a minute. Soil, clay, and sand 23 feet; shale 187 feet (one gritty bed 5 feet thick). 471 19 L 4 D, S July 27, 1928 __ 472 PI D, S f "20. 95 Aug. 1,1928. .... "(Drilled and cased well 87 feet deep in center; water level 224. 83 .8 1 22.97 Aug. 5, 1936 .. / not measured therein. 473 N 10 12 Near well 474. Bedrock at 24 feet. Capacity reported, 75 gallons a minute. Well abandoned. O See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells m the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued o 00 Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth ^ ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion J level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 11 S., R. 4 W. Con. 474 NWHNE^sec. 12...... F 190 Dr 46 12 12 Gravel. 476 NEMNEM sec. 14...... -do-..... _____ 1929 F 198 Dr 104 15 17 Fine gravel and sand. 476 .do. _ . _ _ -. do-._ __ 1929 F 197 Dr 20 Gravel. 477 .. do _ _ __ .do...... ______. ____ 1929 F 195 Dr 30 12 18 Do. 478 __ .do..... __ .__...... do-..... 1929 F 190 Dr 27 9 18 Do. 479 ..do.. __ ._ do . . .. 1929 F 193 Dr 480 __ _do... ____ .__, -do.. _ _. 1929 F 196 Dr 481 __ .do... ___ ._...... do.--...- _. . 1929 F 200 Dr 35 Gravel. 482 SEMNEM sec. 14 . do . . 1929 V 202 Dr 34 14 20 Do. 483 NWMSE^sec. 15 V 215 Dg 31^ 36 Old alluvium. 484 14-5 f 31 2 Coarse sand. SWMSWM sec. 18 W. S. Steele ... _ ... .. __ F 217 Dr 44 I 39 5 Do. 485 NE^NEK sec. 25. . .. _ V 226 Dg 26^ 48 Old alluvium. 486 SWJ^SWMsec. 26-.. . V 221.2 Dg 27.3 60 Do. 487 NWMNWM sec. 30 W. W. Stover. _ . _ . __ . _____ .._. F 204 Dg 18 60 Young alluvium. 488 SEMSWM sec. 32 __ ... V 223 Dr 21 Old alluvium (?). 489 SEMSEJisec. 32...... H. G. Whitney . __ ... _ .. F 220 B 18 6 Young alluvium (?) . 490 NWMSE^sec. 33 P. A. Goodwin.... __ . ___ . _ T 235 Dr 295 4 290± Bedrock (shale). 491 SWMSWK sec. 35...... 1916 V 225 Dn 31 Gravel. 492 SEJ4NEM sec. 36__ _._... McFarland School, district 25 ... V 236.9 Dn 26 SJ Old alluvium. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

474 i»12 Abandoned test hole. Bedrock (shale) at 24 feet. 475 ..do...... 10 14 Bedrock (shale) at 32 feet. West of Corvallis road, 750 feet southwest of Calapooya River road. 476 Bedrock (shale) at 20 feet. Very small yield. 625 feet north of well 475. 477 ice Bedrock (shale) at 27 feet. 575 feet northwest of well 475. 478 103 Bedrock (shale) at 14 feet. 400 feet west-northwest of well 475. 479 Bedrock (shale) at 14 feet. 450 feet west-northwest of well 477. 480 Bedrock (shale) at 14 feet. 675 feet northwest of well 477. 481 No bedrock. Midway between well 477 and well 478. 482 Bedrock at 34 feet. 483 31Y2 L D 217 1.8 25.3 Aug. 13, 1928-... 484 44 PI 70 I Crown of tee opposite pump 208 -9.0 6.15 Aug. 2, 1928...- Irrigates 10 acres. Bottoms on bedrock (shale). intake. 485 P S 226 .0 14.4 Aug. 17, 1928..- f'117.7 July 28, 1928 _ 486 P S Top of 2-inch plank deck ...... 221. 83 .6 \ 19.35 July 29, 1936 ..... 487 N N Top of 2- by 6-inch frame of 204 .0 13.15 Aug. 1,1928.. ... Tested yield, 25 gallons a minute, with small draw­ platform. down. 488 L D, S 224 .5 10.2 July 28, 1928..... 489 PI D, S Top of pump support.. ___ .. 220 .0 11.7 Aug. 13, 1928-... 490 L S Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Water salty. 491 30 P S 228 2 9 » 19. 9 Aug. 13, 1928 . ( Concrete pump platform ...... 236.9 !o 11 13. 0 Aug. 2, 1928 _ 492 P P 54 \Lower valve seat of pump ...._. 239. 62 2.7 15.47 Aug. 5, 1936 - See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 . Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion ! level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 11 S., R. S W. 493 NEMNEM sec. 2._ __ . V 222.6 Dg 6.2 Old alluvium. 494 NEJ^NWJ^ sec 4 7 27 1 Gravel, compact. 1927 V 203 Dr 34 4 \ 33 1 Gravel, loose. 495 .. do...... _ .do...... - ______.______1927 V 203 Dn 41 U4 Old alluvium. 496 __ ..do... _ _ - ______do 1928 V 203 Dn 31J_ Ik Do. 497 do do __ - 1928 V 203 Dn 30 1* Do. 498 .do... _ _ . ______.do _ . 1928 V 203 Dn 42 Ui Do. [ 30± 3 Gravel. 499 do . _do____.. 1929 V 203 Dr 120 4 { 00± 3 Do. I 114 6 Sand and pebbles. 500 NEMSEK sec. 5. ____ . 1923 F 200 Dr 430 12 78 2 Gravel. 501 SWjJsec. 6 __ _ F 185 Dg 30 Young alluvium. 502 SEMSWJ^ sec. 7 1910? T 225.0 Dg 23.8 10 Terrace deposit (?) . 503 NW#NWJ£ sec. 8 __ . 1929 V 220 Dr 36 17 17 Gravel. 503}^ NWMNWM sec. 8 (?)__. do V Dr 38 18 15 16 Sand and gravel. 504 SWMNWJi sec. 8-.- _-___do.___. _-_ __ -__. 1929 V 223 Dr 50 8 28 15 Gravel and sand. 505 - do..., ______. do 1929 V Dr 36 26 10 Gravel, somewhat cemented. .do ( 17 11 Do. 506 do 1929 V Dr 125 X 100 Bedrock. 507 do. . ______. .do...... __ _ __ 1929 V Dr 74 17 21 Gravel. 508 ..do.- do . _. __ _ _ 1929 V Dr 36 17 17 Do. 509 do _. _ do.. _ ___ _ ... _ _ __ 1929 V Dr 17 510 NWJ^SWJisec. 8... _ _. do 1929 V Dr 36 19 6 Gravel, loose. 511 ____.do ______do 1929 V 225 Dr 36 19 6 Do. 512 SWliNEM sec. 9.. U. E. Kenagy ______V 226 Dn 391^ 1^ Old alluvium. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Types lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date* (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

493 P S 233. 35 0.8 11 5. 02 Aug. 4, 1936--- 494 30 495 PI 15 I 496 Top of lJ4-inch casing (discon­ 194 -9.2 9.08 Aug. 2, 1928--.-. Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Irrigates S nect suction.) acres. All five wells within 30-foot circle and joined 497 by common pump suction. 498 499 I Tested capacity reported, 50 gallons a minute, with draw-down of 35 feet. Well bottoms on dense "clay" (bedrock ?). 500 78 L 15 In 43.5 i»10 Draw-down, about 52 feet. Well entered bedrock so (shale) at about 80 feet. 501 100 I 502 23.8 P N 227. 90 2.9 11 15.18 Aug. 12, 1936- _- Backfilled around 10-inch concrete-tile casing. f 11.55 Aug. 14, 1929--. 503 N I 11.90 Aug. 20, 1929 J330 feet north of well 504. Bedrock (shale) at 34 feet. 503}i N Near well 503. Bedrock at 31 feet. Capacity reported, 250 gallons a minute. 1 Perforated casing. Tested capacity Aug. 20, 1929, f 3.45 Aug. 14, 1929-.-. 50-65 gallons a minute, with draw-down of 14.2 feet. 504 46 N \ 3.2 Aug. 17, 1929- - Located east of shed in northwest angle' of T-road 1.1217.45 Aug. 20, 1929. . east. Struck bedrock (shale) at 47 feet. 505 N 23.8 -...-do- ... 10 feet northeast of well 504. f 2.8 Aug. 14, 1929...- 506 N do... _ - \ 2.8 Aug. 20, 1929 }435 feet east of well 504. Bedrock at 28 feet. / 9.9 Aug. 14, 1929 - 1530 feet south-southeast of well 504. Bedrock (pebbly 507 N do ------I 10.1 ^viig. iU, ly^y- __ / shale) at 38 feet. !9.9 Aug. 14, 1929- 508 N do. - 10.2 J525 feet south of well 504. Bedrock (shale) at 34 feet. 17.5 Aug. 14, 1929 - 509 P N 4± 18.1 Aug. 20, 1929 - J225 feet southwest of well 504. 510 . N 6.8 Aug. 14, 1929 . 1,000 feet south of well 504. 511 N 7.75 __ --do __ -.-. ... 2,400 feet south-southeast of well 504. 512 39 D. S TOP of porch floor. __ _._ 228 2.0 16.65 July 28, 1928 - See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth « ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet) oi T. 11 S. R. S H'. Con. 513 NEMNWJOec. 23....- 1923 V 258.8 Dg 21.9 Old alluvium. 514 NE^NWJi sec. 27___-_- 1927 V 262 Dn 58 1M Do. T. 11 S., R. S W. 515 SEJ^NWMsec. 6____ .... T 255 Dn 32^ m Terrace deposit. 516 SWJiSEM see. 16-...... A. J. Wilson,... ______1928 F 278 Dg 9 42 3 6 Gravel. 517 NEMSEJOec. 20__ ..... V 288 Dn 80 1M 80 Do. 518 NWMNEMsec. 21...... H. O. Wilson...,. __ . ______V 282.2 Rg 15.5 72 Old alluvium (?). 519 NWMNEMsec. 24...-- V 300 Dr 73J^ 4 Old alluvium or terrace deposit. 520 V 301 D£ 22 48 Old alluvium. 521 SWMNWM sec. 26_-_._. F 305 Dg 18 Young alluvium. 522 NEMSEJi sec. 31- _..._. V 301 Dn 18 1M Old alluvium. 523 SWKSEJ^ sec. 35...... Wm. H. Torrey. ______F 327 Dr 40 40 Young alluvium. T. JJ S., R. 1 W. 524 NW^NE}£ sec. 6______V 290 Sg 12 42 Old alluvium. 525 SEJ^SWM sec. 27______T 375 Dr 86 4 Bedrock (?). 526 NWJ^SWJi sec. 29...... T 380 Dr »193 4 176 17 Boulders and gravel. T. IS S., R. 6 W. 527 SW&SWMsec. 12.__ _ 1927 V 262.4 Dn 27.8 3 Old alluvium (?). 528 NWMSEJOec. 25...... H 313.9 Dg 31.2 6 T. i* S., R. 6 W.

529 SWJ^NEM sec. 2.. ______F 28± 4 f 12 2 Sand and gravel. 210 Dr I 26 2 Cobbles and boulders. 630 SEJiSWM sec. 2. ___ _ Shell Co. of California ______1925 F 218 Dr 32 3 Gravel. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date' (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

513 D 258. 81 " 10. 38 Aug. 5, 1936 514 30 PI D, S 57 262 0.4 10.05 Aug. 3, 1928..... 515 P D 257 1.9 12.18 do . 516 9 C 120 I 278 .0 3.2 ..... do ...... 517 70± P D 56 290 2.3 8.25 Aug. 2, 1928_ 518 C 200 I Top of 6- by 8-inch pump sup­ 283. 23 1.0 H7.35 Aug. 5, 1936- ... port. 519 L D 54 302 2.3 5.15 Aug. 3, 1928 _ Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 520 P D 54 301 .0 16.0 do C 400 I,-S Draw-down reported, 4 feet. 522 P D 306 5.1 15.75 Aug. 17,1928-.- 523 L 70 I 1014 Irrigates 5 acres. f 8.4 Aug. 3, 1928 -- 524 12 P N 290 .6 X 10.6 Oct. 20, 1928 525 85 D Soil 4 feet, boulder clay 81 feet, "soft rock," 1 foot. 526 78 1017 527 N 263. 86 1.5 11 8. 62 Aug. 5,1936.-- 528 L P 314. 36 .5 11 13. 21 __ -.do __ _ __ .. Backfilled around concrete-tile casing. 529 C 300 In 530 32 PI In 54.5 TOD of 3-inch casing ___ ...... 218 .5 17.5 July 26. 1928 Chemical analvsis of water in table 9. See footnotes at end of table.

CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willameite Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. l Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion * level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T.liR.,5 W. Con. 531 NEJiSWJiseo. 4...... 1927 T 262 Dr 74 3 50 5 Gavel. 532 NEJisec. 7 _ ... - H 325 Dr 211 3 200± Bedrock (shale). 533 SEJ^SEJi sec. 10--.-.. . 1927 V 235 Dr 122 3 122 Do. 534 SE^SWJ^sec. 11...... V 230 Dr 41 3 40 1 Gravel. 535 NWJiNEJ^sec. 18 - -- T 269 Dn 80 1J 536 SWJ-XSW^ sec. 23- ______V 239 Dn 45 1M 42 3 Gravel. 537 NWMNWJi sec. 24__ .... F 223 Dn 23 Do. 538 SWJiNEJi sec. 24 W. L. PowelL __ ... _ F 224 Dg i3?/_: 60 Young alluvium. 539 ..do...... do...... _ ... ______...... F 218 Dg 7 120 Do. 540 NWJ^NWJi sec. 26 V 238.4 Dn 32.2 IJi Old alluvium. 541 SW^NEM sec. 3-1. __ .... H 244 Dg 12 Old alluvium (?). T. 1Z 8., R. 4 W.

542 NWJiSEJi sec. 3 ...... School, district 69 V 230 Dn 25 W Old alluvium. 543 NWJ^SWJisec. 4 _ _ __ E. R. Garner V 225 Dr 80 10 Gravel. 545 NEi^SWJi sec. 8__ ...... F 223 Dn 30 1M Young alluvium (?) . 546 NWMNEJ^sec. 12...... A. R. Forster... . _ . . __ _ V 235 Dr 56 4 Old alluvium. 547 SEJiNWJi sec. 20 .. _ . V 240 Dr 110 548 NWMNEJi sec. 22______V 240.6 Dn 27.0 1V2 Old alluvium. 549 SE&NEJi sec. 26 V 245 Dn 35 W 30 35 Gravel. 550 NEJiNEJOec. 30- J. R. Williamson- ______..._..... F 224 Dg 17 72 Young alluvium. T. n s., R. s w. 551 SWJ^NWJi sec. 7- _ ___ V 245 Dn 45 IJi 42 3 Gravel. 552 _ ..do- . _ ... V 245 Dn 33 Old alluvium. 553 SEJiSEJisec.9.. _.._ V 272.8 Dg 19 30 Do. 554 SEJiNEJisec.il- _ 1928 V 290 Dn 25 W 20 25 Gravel. 555 SW^NEJOec. 12_ ...... V 296 Dn 30 l^i Old alluvium. 556 SWJiSWJ^ sec. 21. ...___ V 260 Dn 20+ 1M Do. 557 SEJiSWJi sec. 34- _ ... Scott Churchill... ______1885 V 266.7 Dg 23.1 Do. 558 SEMNEM sec. 35...... John Behrens... ______V 27 Dn 23 l& Do. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Bemarks pis. well is (gal- water 6 ture low sea (+)) Date 8 lor 2 cased Type « Ions (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ (feet) amin- (feet) ? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

531 50 PI 8 D 260 -2.2 13.0 July 30, 1928 Bottoms on bedrock (basalt ?) . 532 23 Yield small. 533 60 P N 52 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Concentrated brine. Struck bedrock at 42 feet. 534 41 PI 10 D Top of reducing tee capping 232 1.5 12.6 July 30, 1928 casing. 535 Struck bedrock (?) at 20 feet; no water-bearing beds. 536 36 P 537 N "Salty water; abandoned. 538 13J-2 N N 224 .0 8.9 Aug. 14, 1928-.-. Yield reported, 200 gallons a minute. 539 7 I . do- 218 .0 3.25 -_do ----- Yield reported, 525 gallons a minute. With well 538 irrigates 16 acres. f Top of casing (in pit) _- ___-.__ 236. 05 -2.3 " 26. 6 do ----- 540 PI D,S \Top of standpipe. ------237. 82 .0 28.97 541 P D 244 .5 8.4 Aug. 14,1928 542 P D Lower valve seat of pump. . .. 233 2.8 16.9 Aug. 13, 1928-- 543 450 I --_ 10 12 Draw-down reported, 12 feet. 545 P D 228 4.6 15.6 Aug. 13,1928 546 O 85 I 547 No water-bearing beds. Struck bedrock (shale) at 10 feet. 548 P N --_- 244.37 3.8 11 13. 05 Aug. 12, 1936- -__ 549 30 P S - do. __ . ______247 2.2 13.1 Aug. 13, 1928 . 550 17 C 300 I 225 1.0 11.25 Aug. 14, 1928 - 551 40 PI 50 P 541^2 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Five wells pumped jointly. Maximum draft 15,000 gallons a day. 552 P D 245 .0 10.75 Aug. 2, 1928 -_ At blacksmith shop, 25 yards east of wells 551. / H9.6 July 28, 1928--. 553 19 PI D 272. 99 .2 \ 9.42 July 29, 1936 JDriven well at barn, 60 feet deep. 554 25 log 555 P D, S 54 299 2.8 14.8 Aug. 2, 1928--- 556 P D do 262 2.2 14.5 Aug. 13, 1928- - 557 PI D 268. 04 1.3 11 16. 60 Aug. 19, 1936- . - 558 P S Lower valve seat of r>umn_ . 279 3.7 12.5 Aug. 13, 1928 - See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamelte Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 12 S., R. % W. 559 SW^NWJisec. 7_. __ V 310 Dr 49 3-lJi Gravel. 560 SWMNW^ sec. 8___ .... 1905? V 329.5 Dr 48.2 4 Old alluvium. 561 NE^NE^sec. 10-- - Roy Walker. _ . ______.. ... 1928 V 338 Dn 61 1M 58 3 Gravel. 562 V 340 Dr 90 6 Old alluvium. 563 NW^NE^ sec. 10.. Shell Oil Co...-... _ ._ __ ... __ V 340 Dr 67 4 60 7 Sand and gravel. 564 SEMNE^ sec. 11-...... 1929 H 360 Dr 100 1M 100± Bedrock. 565 NEi^SW^sec. 11- _ Sol Lindley,______. ____ _ F 345 Dr 82 4 36 Gravel and sand. 566 SWMSWJ£sec. 11...... 1918 F 345 Dr 115 6 85 Gravel. 567 NWMNEJ^ sec. 14... F 350 Dg Young alluvium. 568 NEMNW^sec. 14...... do.. .- F 352.2 ErS 19 96 Do. 569 SE^NWM sec. 21...... H 372 70 3 B edrock. T. 18 S., R. 5 W. 570 SEKSE^sec. 7._. -..-.. V 253 Dg 17 48 Old alluvium. 571 SWJ^NWJi sec 8 1885? V 251.1 Dg 32'22 9 12 Do. 572 SWMNEJ^sec. 10...... V 256 Dn iJi Do. 573 do 1929 V 249 Dr 69^ 8 69 Black sand. 574 V 253. 5 20.7 60 Old alluvium. 575 1905 V 252.9 S! 20.5 60 Do. 576 SWJiSEJi sec. 13- C. F. Hurlburt.-- __ ... _ .. . __ .. _ F 247 Dn 33 iK 28 33 Gravel. 577 NWMNEJisec. 22...... V 250 Dr Bedrock. 578 SWMNWJisec. 26.__... Winkle School . __ . __ - ...... V 255 Dn 33 Vi Old alluvium. 579 SE^SWJi sec. 34...... V 264.3 Dn 27.4 Do. T. 13 S., R. 4 W. 580 SEJ^NWJ^ sec 5 1921 F 241 Dg 31 IX Young alluvium. 581 SE^NWMsec. 16... _ . 1895 V 258.5 Dg 28 36 Old alluvium. ( 26 4 582 __ .do... ____ ...... do.-...... 1924 V 258 Dn 30-45 1« \ 36 9 JGravel. 583 NWkfNE^ sec. 33...... O. Martin... ______. V 271 Dn 23 li* Old alluvium. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level Depth Below ' No. . to Tem­ Above Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type* lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

559 21J^ 560 P D,S 330.1 0.6 H7.39 Aug. 12, 1936 561 43 P D Top of concrete foundation of 341 3.6 11.6 Aug. 2, 1928..... dwelling 562 C 200 I 563 31 L 564 io+3 Flowing well. Bedrock at 20 feet. 565 36 Loam 8 feet, gravel and sand 28 feet, "clay and boul­ ders" (tuff ?) 46 feet, "hard rock" (basalt ?) at 82 feet. 566 85 PI 125 P 54 345 5.05 Aug. 2, 1928--.. Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 567 C 300 I 352. 35 11 13. 9 568 19 C 400 I (Top of 6- by 8-inch pump sup- .2 Aug. 17, 1928 > Irrigates 16 acres. [ port. 353. 15 1.0 15.35 Aug. 19, 1936 569 L D 55 372 .2 22.7 Aug. 2, 1928. . 570 P D 254 1.5 12.6 Aug. 14, 1928 571 P D 252.01 .9 11 10. 03 Aug. 12, 1936 Backfilled around concrete-tile casing. 572 30 P D Top of casing (remo ve. cap) .... 258 1.5 12.9 Aug. 14, 1928 573 55 O In 250 1.2 10.25 July 24, 1929...- 574 S 253. 80 .3 11 16. 78 July 8, 1936 575 N ---do....-..--...... 253. 52 .6 11 12. 96 . .do. . 576 30 L D 248 .7 18.45 Aug. 16, 1928 577 Flowing well. 578 30 P D Top of casing (remove coup­ 255 .4 14.0 Aug. 14, 1928 . ling). 579 P D 267. 08 2.8 11 17. 23 Aug. 12, 1936 580 P D 54 244 2.7 18.7 Aug. 13, 1928..- Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Backfilled around IH-inch casing. fn 15. 5 do ...... 581 N 258.49 .0 X 15.94 Aug. 12, 1936 582 PI 30 S Three wells 18 feet apart, at apexes of triangle sur­ rounding well 581; pumped jointly. 583 23 P S Lower valve seat of pump. .... 273 2.4 15.8 Aug. 16, 1928 See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00 Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 3 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Types Depth « ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T, 18 8., R. S W. 584 NWJ^NWM sec 7 1915 V 262 Dr 40 10 Old alluvium. f 35 3 585 SWJ4NEJ4 sec. 7 __ _ 1925 V 265 Dr \ 49 4 } « 4 Gravel. 586 SWMSWJ4 sec. 18 __ _ . R. W. Shepard _ _. _ -. _ V 266 Dn 42 1M 40 Do. 587 SWJiNEMsec. 21. ______J. W. Bowers ______V 274 Dn 24 W Old alluvium. 588 ... -_do_.. - do V 274 Dg Do. 589 SWJ^NWM sec 30 1895 V 273.0 Dn 25.8 Do. 590 SW^SWJisec. 3k._ __ V 285.0 Dn 18 iJi Do. T. 14 S., R. 6 W. 591 SE^SEMsec. 11 ___._._- H 400 Dr 100 6 95 5 Sandstone- 592 SEJ£SEJ£sec. 12. _ _ __ 1900? H 390 Dr 240 4 Bedrock. 593 NWMSEJisec. 24. _.__,_ J. W. Peek . _ _ 1929 H 325 Dr 111 4 105 6 Coarse sandstone. T. 14 S., R. 6 W. 594 SW^SEJi sec. 3. ... _ _. V 266 Dn 26 3-1M Old alluvium. 595 . _do__ _ __ - - V 266 Dn 34 30 4 Gravel. 596 SEKSEMsec. 10______V? 267.4 Dn 19 6 4 Old alluvium (?). 597 NWMsec. 20_____-___ 1936 H 300 Dr 170 160 10 Coarse sandstone. 598 NWJ^NEKsec. 26____,_ F 278 Dn 23 J* Young alluvium. 599 NEMNWJ-i sec. 28______H 390 Dr 140 Shale. 600 do 1925 H 400 Dr 268 3 265± Sandstone, yellow. 601 NWJiNEJi sec. 33__.._. 1914 V 285 Dr 103 8 Bedrock. 602 SWJ^NEM sec. 33. ______1905? V 286.4 Dr 61.3 3 Do. 603 SWJ4NW& sec 34 1910 F 285.2 Dn 24.0 Young alluvium (?). 604 SEJ^SWMsec. 36 __ __ M. L. Hewitt__ _ .._ ._.__ . ______F 284.9 Dn 17.2 Do. T. 14 S.,R.4 W. 605 SEJ^NEM sec. 1_ - _ V 282 Dn 46 «i- 38 8 Gravel. 606 _-.-do_-. _-. .... _ 1905 V 282 /Dg 28 120 Old alluvium. \ Dr 28-72 4 } 607 NE^NW^sec. 5______3. H. Suvtor. .-_.___.__-_._-.______-___-. V 269. 5 Dn 23.4 1J* Do. 608 SEJ^NWMsec. 5. ______1927 V 271.7 Dr 50 6 Do. 609 NWJ^NEMsec. 7-_____. V 273 Dn 27 Itf Do. 610 NEliNW^ sec. 9.__ .... 3. E. Yoder. ____._...___._.._._..__.._.___ 1915? V 275 Dr 300 Bedrock. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water « Above low above Remarks (gal­ ture sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type« lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date' (feet) amin (feet) 7 land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

584 PI 30 In 262 0.3 11.7 July 27, 1928-... 585 49 C 300 I 109 Two wells pumped jointly. Irrigate 7 acres. 586 36 P D 268 2.3 17.5 Aug. 16, 1928 587 P D 278 3.5 9.5 - do.. ... 588 S 274 .0 5.35 Aug. 2, 1929.-.-, 50 yards northeast of well 587. 589 P S 274. 53 1.5 11 10. 97 July29, 1936 - / n 9. 5 Aug. 16, 1928-.- 590 18 P D 287.5 2.5 \ 8.97 Aug. 19, 1936_ _.. 591 92 L D Soil 3 feet, "clay" (decomposed shale ?) 57 feet, clay and shale alternating 35 feet, sandstone 5 feet. 592 N 10 4 Replaced by well 61 feet deep. 593 68 D Flows y% gallon a minute (by gas lift ?) . 594 26 P N 268 2.2 » 17. 4 Aug. 14, 1928-.- 595 32 PI D 50.5 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. f:i 16. 0 July 4, 1929 596 19 P S 270. 39 2.9 \ 16.34 597 20 D,S Flows y% gallon a minute. 598 23 P D,S 281 2.7 18.5 Aug. 15, 1928- __ 599 L D.S 600 L D 601 L 25 D,N Former public-supply well, draft 7,500 gallons a day. 602 P 287. 58 1.2 n 14. 24 Aug. 13, 1936.--. Struck bedrock at 15 feet. 603 P S 287. 65 2.4 H13.77 do 604 P S do _ - - 286. 88 2.0 n 16. 54 do - - 605 35 PI 3 D 606 PI 50 P 54 Top of 8- by 8-inch timber.. _ 274 -7.2 11 9. 85 Aug. 16, 1928.-- Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Initially drilled 650 feet deep, struck bedrock (shale) at 75-100 feet, strong mineral water at depth; well plugged at 72 feet. 607 PI D 273.0 3.5 11 17. 43 Feb. 26, 1936... . f" 15. 65 do--.. 608 N N 271.87 .2 \ 16.00 Aug. 12, 1936 __ 609 PI S 277 3.7 23.7 Aug. 16, 1928-.. . 610 Strong salt water, flowed by artesian pressure; well destroyed. See footnotes at end of table. CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 10 o Height Principal water-bearing bed No. Topo­ Di­ on Year graphic above Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type » Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 level Depth or 2 pleted tion' (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 14 S., JR. 4 W. Con. 611 NE^NWMsec. 15 .__ East Lake Creek School, district 101 ... V 284 Dn 20 IK Old alluvium. 612 NE^SWJCsec. 19...... V 283 Dn 24+ 1M Do. 613 SEJiNEJisec. 26 B. E. CogswelL... _--_...... V 294.6 Dg 15H 6 13H 14 Gravel. 614 NWKSEHsec. 28. ______Busey School, district 44_...... _ . V 292 Dn 32 ifc Old alluvium. 615 SWJ^SEKsec. 28...... F. J. George.. __ ... ______.... _ ... 1900? V 293.2 Dn 17.0 T. 14 S., R. 3 W. 616 SW^SWM sec. 15_ Mrs. R. Toedtemeier ___ .. __ ...... V 307 Dg 24 48 Old alluvium. 617 SEMSEJOec. 18 . Brandon School, district 134 ...... V 294 Dn 24 1M Do. 618 SE^NEMsec. 28...... 1925? V 311.9 Dn 35.5 Do. 619 SWMSEMsec. 32 ..._ E. D. Lowell ___ ...... V 305 Dn 18. 1M Do. T. 14 S., JR. % W.

620 NWJiNWM sec. 7 1928 V 328 Dr 35 3 32 3 Sand and gravel. 621 NE^NW^sec. 7 ... Mrs. Ed. Halloway. __ _ ...... 1915? V 332.1 Dr 76 4 Old alluvium (?). 622 NWMSWM sec. 7...... T. O. Isom...... 1928 V 330 Dr 74 6 71 3 Bottom of basalt. T. 15 S., JR. 5W. 623 NWJ4SWM sec. 9...... H 420 Dr 204 4 200± Shale. 624 NEJiNE^sec. ll.._.... Samuel Doidge estate. ___ -. __ . __ . F 291 Dn 23 1J* Young alluvium. 625 SWJ^NWM sec 24 V 306 Dn 20+ IJi Old alluvium. 626 SWMSWM sec. 34...... Southern Pacific Railroad __ ----- _ _ V 317 Dg 14 48 Gravel. T. IS S., R. 4 W. 627 SWJiSWJisec. I..- .... F. D. ~KTOpt...... V 310 Dn. 32 ifc 28 4 Do. 627H do,.....- - ... ..do...... V 310 20 36 Old alluvium. 628 SEJ£NEJ£sec. 7 ._ Pearl Adams ______. F 290 20± Young alluvium. 629 SWMNEJisec. 8...... Kuehner. _ ...... __ _....-.-...... _._ F 290 ssDg 20± Do. 630 SE^SEM sec. 9 ... C. M. Spone...... _. ... 1927 V 307.3 Dn 20.7 Old alluvium. 631 NEMNEMsec. 16... H. F. MeKisdort...... V 308 f Dg 30 120 Do. \ Dn 30-60 3 J} 632 SEJiNWJisec. 20...... Lancaster School...... __. V 311 Dn 23+ 1M Do. 633 .do...... Mrs. Inghram _ ...... _ ..___ V 312.9 Dn 22.1 Do, TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water « ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea '(-)) (+)) lor 2 cased Type« lons (C F.) Description level meas­ Dates (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet) 'en P D 286 2.4 14.3 Aug. 15, 1928 612 24+ P D, S ...... do... _ 287 3.8 23.0 Aug. 23, 1928 /» 10. 6 Aug. 18, 1928- __ 613 15 P S 294. 56 .0 1 12. 14 Aug. 12, 1936.-- JBaekfilled around tile casing. 614 30 P . D 295 2.8 14.0 Aug. 15, 1928 615 P N 294.6 1.4 11 13. 32 Aug. 12,1936 616 20 P N do-. ' 309 1.7 11 18. 4 617 24 P D do 296 2.5 f2.8 Aug. 18, 1928. 618 P N -do 314.4 2.5 11 22. 64 619 P S do.-... ._ 308 2.8 10.0 Aug. 18,1928_--. 620 28 L D Top of 4-inch coupling on 328 .4 4.35 Bottoms on hard rock (basalt?). casing. 621 P D 332.3 .2 11 5. 09 Aug. 19, 1936 _ 622 P D 330 .5 7.6 Aug. 18, 1928. Struck bedrock (basalt ? ) at 8 feet. 623 30± P Soil 3 feet, "clay" (decomposed bedrock ?) 21 feet, shale 180 feet. 624 23 P D 296 4.6 15.7 625 20 P D do. 309 3.0 11.65 Aug. 23, 1928 626 14 N 317 .0 11.6 do-- 627 24 PI D 627H N N 311 .9 9.7 Aug. 15, 1928 10 feet northeast of well 627. Backfilled around 6-inch concrete tile. 628 100 I 629 100 I 630 P D §09.18 1.9 11 15. 39 Aug. 13, 1936-.. 631 60 PI 125 P 55 307 -1.0 11 17. 4 Aug. 15, 1928 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Draw-down, about 8 feet. 632 P D 314 2.7 19.2 ..do-...... 633 P N __ .do... _ ...... --.. 315. 72 2.8 11 20. 64 Aue. 13. 1936 See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued to to Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth t ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion l level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet) o T. 15 S., R. 4 W.-Con. I'M 634 SW^NEiisec. 22- T V 316 Dn 20 Old alluvium. 635 NEJ4SWJ4 sec. 32_ ...... V 322 Dg 45 84 Do. 636 NWJ4SWJ4 sec 32 V 323.4 Dg 20 96 Gravel. 637 do - .. do -_--_ 1938 V 322 Dr M50 8 68 132 Sand and gravel with clav. 638 SEViSWMsec. 32 J. H. Miller & Sons V 322 Dr 189 4 186 Old alluvium (?). 639 _-_ do.. ... ___ __do__ _ --_- _ - V 322 Dr 247 4 242 Do. 640 SE^NEMsec. 36 . V 330 Dn 20 1H Do. T. 15 S., R. 3 W. 641 SWJ4NEJ4 sec. 2__---.-. 1929 V 322 Dr 180 3 175 5 Bedrock. 642 NE^NEM sec. i0______V 339 Dr 100+ 3 Bedrock (?). 643 V 376. 1 Dn 15.0 m Old alluvium. 644 SWMNWM sec. 12 1929 V 385 Dr 52 3 Bedrock. 645 NWMNEM sec 19 V 326.1 Dg 13 48 Old alluvium. 646 do.._ do V 328 Dn 15.8 3 Do. 647 NEMNEMsec. 29. V 336 Dn 23 1M Do. T.16S.,R.5 W. 648 NEJ4SWJ4 sec 1 V 323 Dn 17+ Ui Gravel. 649 NW^SW^sec. 10 3. W. Cleft V 327.1 Dn 19.3 Slope wash (?). 650 SEJ^SWMsec. 23 V 340 Dn 22+ 13* Old alluvium. T. 16 S., R. 4 W. 651 SW^SEJ^sec. 2 _.__.__. F 325 Dg Young alluvium. 652 SEMSW^sec. 8_. ... V 337 Dn 15 Ui Gravel. 653 NE^NE^sec. 14. ______F 346 Dg lO1^ 72 Young alluvium. 654 NWMNWi-i sec. 14 _____ 1928 F 338 Dg VA 52 Do. 655 NEJiSWJ^see. 21- G. W. Bond & Sons V 345 Dr 90 12 Old alluvium (?). 656 ..do ...... do. _ __ _ V 345 Dr 100± 4 Do. 657 SW^SWM sec. 26- . do ...... _ V 360 Dr 40 12 Gravel. 658 SEMNEJ^sec. 27 .. ... V 358 Dn IJi Young alluvium. 659 SEi4 sec. 27_. -_-______- Dunn____ _ ...... V 358 DK 30 Old alluvium. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pacity Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture low lor 2 Types sea (+)) cased lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

634 P S 319 3.4 12.6 Aug. 23, 1928 635 N Formerly with plunger pump, 400 gallons a minute, which emptied well in about 15 minutes. ( H8.9 Aug. 23, 1928-- 636 20 F 323.4 .0 \ 9.32 Aug. 20, 1936--- 637 377 N N 323 1.4 10.58 June29, 1938-_- Public supply contemplated. Struck bedrock (not water-bearing) at 233 feet. Tested capacity reported, 400 gallons a minute; draw-down, 39 feet. 638 100 PI 140 P 54 103 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Draw-down reported, 10 feet. 639 100 PI 80 P do. 10 6 Draw-down reported, 3 feet. 640 20 N N 338 1.5 8.1 Aug. 20, 1928-__ 641 Salty water. Well entered bedrock at 34 feet. 642 N N 341 1.8 9.05 Aug. 18, 1928 643 P N 379. 47 3.4 11 14. 94 Aug. 20, 1936- - 644 D Bedrock at 22 feet. 645 13 P S ?Top of well deck.---.- __ -_ . 326.1 .0 11 11. 1 Aug. 18", 1928 \Top of brick curb-. 325.9 -.2 11.15 Aug. 20, 1936--- 646 P D Lower valve seat of pump ..... 329 .8 100 feet south of well 645. 647 23 P D 338 1.8 9.75 Aug. 20, 1928- 648 17 P S 323 .0 6.6 Aug. 23, 1928- 649 P S 327. 31 .2 11 5.08 Aug. 20, 1936.--- 650 22 P S 343 2.9 11 14. 2 Aug. 24, 1928..-^ 651 N N Former irrigation well. 652 P S 339 2.3 7.45 Aug. 24, 1928 653 16 V 500 I 58 346 .0 11 5.1 Aug. 22, 1928--_ Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Irrigates 18 acres. 654 C 300 I do- 338 .3 3.9 Aug. 24, 1928- - Irrigates 3 acres. 655 I Capacity, about 15 gallons a minute. 656 I Three wells, pumped jointly with well 655. Aggregate capacity, about 75 gallons a minute for 4 hours. 657 C 325 I 103 658 p D 360 1.5 15.0 Aug. 24, 1928 659 N Yield inadequate for irrigation. See footnotes at end of table. bo CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued fcO Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on graphic Location Owner or user- com­ situa­ sea Type s Depth « ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 16 S., R. 4 W Con. 660 V 351 Dn 11+ 1M Old alluvium. 661 SW34NWM sec 30 V 346.3 Dn 14.2 Do. T. 16 S., R. 8 W. 662 NE^SWMsec. 4__ V 353 Dg 9.3 48 Do. 663 SWJ^NEMsec. 17. Mrs. A. G. Pirtle.. 1905? V 369.6 Dn 20.5 Do. 664 SWJ^SE^sec. 17 1905? V 376.4 Dn 15.0 Do. 665 SEMNWMsec. 18 V 360 Dr 20+ P 666 NW^SE^sec. 30_ .-- 1928 F 370 Dg 10 72 Coarse gravel. 667 -..-do...... do. ... F 370 Dg 10M 66 Young alluvium. 668 . do ... . do 1928 F 373 Dg 10.2 72 Do. 669 NE^NEJ-i sec. 31 _ F 380 Dg 9 66 Do. 670 NEJ^NE^sec. 31 F 375 Dg 9^ 60 Do. 671 NW^NEJi sec. 31 1928 F 374 Dg HJ* 72 Do/ 672 SWJ-INEMsec. 31.. . Keefer F 370 Dg 6A1 54 Do. 673 F 375 5g 10J* 66 Do. 674 NW^NEJ^sec. 32...... F 385 Dg 3^ 120 Do. 675 NE^NWM sec. 32_ _. F 387 Dg 12 60 Do. 676 SWMNWJi sec. 32 ... F 384 Dg 12 78 Do. 677 SEJiNWJ^ sec. 32 F 384 Dg 12H 60 Do. 678 SWJ£NEJ£sec. 32. Clyde Sidwell 1928 F 386 Dg 25 60 7 12 Sand and pebbles. 679 F 388 Dg 18 Young alluvium. 680 do. . __ F 389.2 Dg 18^ 72 Do. 681 NE^SEJ^ sec. 32...... F 385 Dg 8 72 Coarse gravel. 682 NEJ£SW& sec. 32. F 385 Dg 13 72 Young alluvium. 683 SE^SWM sec. 32...... F 385 Dg 10 72 Do. 684 F 390 Dg 11 72 Do.

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water « ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type* lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

660 11 P D 352 1.4 8.0 Aug. 24, 1928 661 N N 348. 78 2.5 11 7. 91 Aug. 20, 1938 662 P D 353 .0 8.2 Aug. 20, 1928-.-. 663 P D 373.8 4.2 11 6. 48 Mar. 19, 1936..., 664 P / 11 7. 02 - do-- . N .. do--.- ...... 379. 59 3.2 \ 9.69 Aug. 20, 1936 665 L D 362 2.4 10.85 Aug. 20, 1928 , 666 10 V 400 I Top of timber curb...... 370 .0 5.8 Aug. 22, 1928..-, 667 10 160 I -.-..do--...... :...... 370 .0 5.2 .- _ do.... 668 10 V 300 I -.-.-do...... 370 .0 8.8 .....do-...... Draw-down reported, 0.7 foot. 669 O 300 I .....do...... 379 3.0 10.0 Aug. 21, 1928 . 670 N I -...do...... 375 .0 6.0 .... -do-...,.... . 671 11^ O 350 I --..do...... 374 .0 9.1 do.. 672 O 250 I 370 4.0 ..... do...... 673 10 O 300 I 375 .1 8.1 .... .do-...... 674 c 300 »1.5 675 I 385 -2.0 4.1 Aug. 20, 1928 676 I 386 1.6 10.3 Aug. 21, 1928 677 o 450 I .---do..-...... 384 10.8 678 o 120 I 387 -1.0 11.1 Aug. 20, 1928 679 450 I 10 e 680 18^ 400 flop of timber curb-... _ . .... 389. 20 .0 11 12. 45 Aug. 21, 1928 o I (Inner lip of 36-inch concrete- 388. 98 -.2 12.15 Aug. 20, 1936. _ JDraw-down reported, 5 feet. tile casing. 681 V 600 I 388 2.5 10.4 Aug. 22, 1928 Located in shallow pit. 682 13 c I 386 -.5 10.3 Aug. 21, 1928 683 10 c 300 I 7.0 684 11 o 350 I 392 1.9 7.2 ..... do .. 685 26 PI 200 P 400 1.5 19.8 Aug. 22, 1928 686 80 20 feet east of well 685. No water-bearing beds below 20 feet in depth, well wholly in bluish-gray "muck" (shale ?) below 58 feet. See footnotes at end of table. fcO Cn TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued to Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Di­ Year graphic above on Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type » Depth * ameter Thick­ pls.l pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion ! to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 17 S.,E.6 W. 687 NE^NEKsec. 25...... V 394 Dn 18^ 1* Old alluvium. 688 T 415 Dr 75-93 72 3 Sand. T. 17 S., E. 5 W. 689 Red Oak School, district 121 ___ ...... T 392 Dn 24 1M Terrace deposit. 690 T 393 Dg 22 36 Do. 691 NE^NEKsec. 20.._..__ T 375 Dg 21 48 Gravel. 692 T 376 Dn 21+ IM Terrace deposit. T. 17 S., R. 4 W. 693 SWJiNWJOec. 3_ __ V 374.2 Dg 19 Old alluvium. 694 SWKSWJi sec 3 V 374 Dg 15 60 Do. 695 NWKSWK sec 8 V 366 Dn 25+ IM Do. 696 SEKsec. 12. ______F 380 Dr 40± 10 Young alluvium. 697 NEMNWK sec. 13 _ C. B. Shaflner______.. ______. F 388 Dn 17 1« 7 10 Fine gravel. 698 ..._ do...__ - -.-do F 388 Dg 13 30 10 3 Gravel. 699 SWKSW^sec. 20. ______1932 V 377.4 Dn 32.2 Old alluvium. 700 SEMSEJOec. 21______.__ V 383 Dr 19 3 Do. 701 SWKSEK sec. 23. .__..__ Bethel School V 399 Dr »106 4 104 2 Gravel, cemented. 702 SEKSWJi sec. 26 _____ 1923? V 400.3 Dn 17.7 Old alluvium. 703 SEKNEKsec. 26 . V 403 Dn 18 .IK Do. T. 17 S., R. S W. 704 NWKNWJisec. 4. ... F 392 Dg 6 66 Young alluvium. 705 NEJisec. 7 . ~ F 396 Dr 70 3 68 2 Gravel. 706 NEMNEJisec. 16______V 420 Dn 22 IK Old alluvium. 707 NEKNE^sec. 20_ 1905? V 422.5 Dn 16.7 i« Do. 708 SE^NWKsec. 20...... V 418 Dn 17+ IK Do. 709 SWKSEK sec. 20.. ______J. 0. Holt F 412 Dn 17 2 Young alluvium. 710 SWKSEKsec. 24 V 452 Dg 18 48 Old alluvium. 711 SWMSEK sec. 28.. ______V 430 Dg 16.7 36 Do. 712 .. do...... V 431 Dg 20 48 Do. 713 NWKNEK sec. 31 1922 V 422 Dr 499 4 Basalt. 714 SWMNEK sec. 31. ______V 420 Dr 142 4 Bedrock (?). 715 TsJWlx'TxJWlx' QPP 39 1929 F 410 Dg 20 72 Gravel. 716 _ ..do_ __ _._...... __ __ do.... _ ... ______.. _ ...... Dr J 100± ioo± Bedrock (basalt ?). TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks DlS. well is water fl ture low (gal­ sea (+)) for 2 cased Type* lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Dates (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

687 P D 396 2.4 14.9 Aug. 24, 1928.... 688 T 100 In,F 10 18-20 Draw-down reported, about 30 feet. Three simjlar wells. Yellow "sandstone" 72 feet, black sand 3 feet, gravel 18 feet. 689 P D 396 3.8 20.2 Aug. 24, 1928 690 B D 52.0 394 .7 18.5 _ __do ___ . ... Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Yield, 600 to 1,000 gallons a day. 691 P S 377 1.7 18.1 Aug. 25, 1928 692 21± P D 379 2.8 9.8 ..... do...... _ (Top of collar on 3-inch stand- 11 14. 3 Sept. 23, 1929 . 693 P D, S l pipe. }376. 77 2.6J 14.47 Sept. 24, 1936 694 15 PI 25 I 374 .0 »9.1 Aug. 24, 1928. 695 25 P D 54.5 367 2.6 12.4 ... __do__...... Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 696 C 300 I Many other irrigation wells in vicinity, mostly dug. 697 17 PI 40 I 107 698 13 N N 390 1.5 7.6 Aug. 2~5~, 1928 . 699 P 380.1 2.7 11 9.48 Aug. 27, 1936..,. 700 L D 384 .5 8.1 Aug. 25, 1928.1 - 701 104 P 702 P 402. 32 2.0 11 12. 99 Aug. 27, 1936.... 703 P S -. do...... 405 1.8 11.5 Aug. 25, 1928 704 6 C I 392 .0 1.9 Aug. 21, 1928 705 70 D 706 22 P 424 3.5 19.2 Aug. 22, 1928 707 P D 427. 24 4.7 11 17. 55 Aug. 27, 1936 708 17 N N 421 3.4 16.4 Aug. 25, 1928 709 PI 40 I Irrigates 7 acres. 710 18 PI 10 I 451 -i.6 14.05 Aug. 25", 1928 Irrigates 2 acres. 711 C 75 I 54 430 .0 12 13. 2 July 21, 1928- Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 712 C 350 I Top of upper tee in discharge 430 -1.0 11 14. 7 pipe. 713 34 N Flows less than 10 gallons a minute; well abandoned as inadequate. 714 PI 50 In 10 12-17 2 pumps operate steadily. 715 20 C 200 In .... do ..... 10 15. 5 Draw-down reported, 0.7 foot. 716 100± A 1 of five drilled wells abandoned as inadequate. to See footnotes at end of table, SI TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued fcO 00 Topo­ Height Principal water-bearing bed No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Thick­ pls.l pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i (feet) .2 to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 17 S., R. S W. Con. 717 SEJ^SEJi sec. 35...... V 455 Dr 100 3 80 10 Crevices in basalt. 718 ..... do...... 1929 V 455 Dr 150 4 19 Gravel. do - . (JL Crevices in shale. T. 18 S., R. 6 W. 719 SEJiSE^ sec. 1 ...... T 458 Dg 22 48 Terrace deposit. 720 W. A. Smith T 460 Dg 28 36 Do. T. 18 S., R. B W. 721 NEJ^NEJisec. 4...... T 392 Dg 24 48 Do. T. 18 S., R. 4 W. 722 SWJiNEJisec. 14. . M. E. Furrow.. . ______- ___ H 850 Dr »665 5 347 18 Sandstone. T. 18 S., R. S W. 723 H 575 Dr 1,102 6 724 NEJiSWM sec. 4...... 1915 H 950 Dr 807 4 803 4 Basalt. 725 NEJiNEM sec. 5.. ... Will Jewett ...... _ _ .. H 545 Dr 610 4 40 Decomposed bedrock (?). 726 SWJiSEJi sec. 5 H 595 Dr 3,000 130 5 "Sand." 727 SWJiNW&sec. 7.. 1929 H 760 Dr 225 4Ji Shale. 728 SWJiNWJi sec. 26. . C. Hoftman ______...... H 665 Dr 380 Bedrock. T. 19 S., R. S W. 729 SWJtfNWJf sec. 14 1925 T 550 Dr 191 8 180d= "Sandstone." T.WS.,R.S W. 730 NEJtfsec. 27 V 635' Dr 215 3 Bedrock. f 346 34 Coarse sandstone. 731 SWJiNWJi sec. 28 . H 875 Dr 1,403 _._ i 471 15 Sandstone. I 811 3 Fine sandstone. 732 SEJ£ sec. 28. . V 640 Dr 60 Bedrock (?). TABLE 11, Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. pacity water « ture Above low above Remarks well is (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

717 35 A 120 P we 2 wells pumped jointly. Struck bedrock at 32 feet. 718 35 A 125 P Struck bedrock at 34 feet. 719 P D 459 1.4 6.5 Aug. 25, 1928-.-- 720 4 P D 461 1.0 11.5 _--do - - 721 L D, S 393 1.0 20.1 -.-do ..... 722 5 L D, S 723 N Very small yield of water. Well abandoned. 724 L 25 D "150 725 N No water-bearing beds below 40 feet; well abandoned as inadequate. 726 N Test well for petroleum; few or no water-bearing beds at depth. 727 62 L D i"50 728 729 L 80 P w s 730 C 50 - do --.------104 731 N Test well for petroleum. Chemical character of water or yield of water-bearing beds not reported. 732 N Well abandoned as inadequate.

1 F, Flood plain, low terrace, or valley below the main valley plain; V, main valley 6 D, Domestic; F, fire protection; I, irrigation or maintenance of grounds; In, industrial; plain; T, terrace above the main valley plain; H, hillside. N, none; P, public supply; S, stock. 2 Height above sea level is given in feet and tenths if determined by spirit leveling; in 7 If expressed in feet and decimals, by spirit leveling; in whole feet, by precise aneroid or by interpolation. whole feet if determined by precise aneroid or by interpolation from topographic maps. 8 Water-level data for 1928-30 by the United States Geological Survey; for 1935-36 by 8 Dr, Drilled; Dg, dug; Dn, driven;, B, bored. the United States Engineer Department. 4 Depths expressed in feet and tenths are measured; those in whole feet are reported or 9 Driller's record in table 12. approximate. »° Reported. «A, Air lift; B, bucket and windlass; C, centrifugal; L, lift; P, pitcher; PI, plunger; » Additional water-level data in table 13. T, turbine; V, vertical centrifugal. 12 Pumping level.

fcO CO 130 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells [Based largely on drillers' records. Stratigraphic correlations, by A. M. Piper, are tentative] I.1 Scappoose Dike District [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen in 1928] Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) Clay and gravel______20 20 Sand and gravel______13 33 Sand______26 59 Sand and pea gravel.______7 66 Pea gravel______7 73 Sand and pea gravel______14 87 Sand______,______20 107 Gravel, cemented______17 124 4. Owner unknown [Drilled by R. J. Strasser Drilling Co. in 1931. Deepest well on Sauvie Island] ., . Thickness Depth Aluvmm: (/«<) (/ee<) Silt and sand______103 103 Unclassified: "Sandstone"______87 190 Gravel______10 200 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: "Shale," blue; yields "salt" water.______32 232 Sand, fine, lower half packed______32 264 Clay, variegated______111 375 Sandstone______3 378 Rock, central part soft______9 387 22. Masonic and Eastern Star Home [Drilled by A..M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1929] A11 . Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet)

27. Terminal Ice & Cold Storage Co. [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen in 1914] A11 . Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Unknown.______31 31 Gravel, loose______31 62 Unclassified: Gravel, cemented______118 180 Sand and blue clay, compact______------__- 65 245 1 Numbers of wells in this table correspond with the numbers used in table 11. WELL RECORDS 131

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued 27. Terminal Ice & Cold Storage Co. Continued ni J.J1J j.- j? TT i /n\ Thickness Depth Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): (jeet) (fee) Unknown______11 256 Gravel, cemented, and sand_-_-_---___-__----_----__-_- 58 314 Gravel, cemented, and clay______10 324 Clay, yellow, blue, and red______61 385 Yakima basalt (?): Basalt; soft porous zones at 416}£, 517-525, and 540±-551). feet; water chiefly at 478 feet but also at 465 feet- ______166% 551% 31. Corvallis Creamery Co. [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co.] A ,, . Thickness Depth Alluvium: (jeet) (jeet) Clay______25 25 Sand and gravel, cemented, upper part water-bearing____ 10 35 Gravel, cemented____-_---_--___--___-____-____-_____- 19 54 Sand and gravel, water-bearing______3 57 Unclassified: Gravel, cemented____-__--_-_-______63 120 Gravel, loosely cemented, water-bearing.______10 130 Gravel, cemented, interstratified with clay ______30 160 Clay and gravel, water-bearing in part ______12 172 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): "Shale," blue and brown, lower part sandy ______39 211 Gravel, cemented______5 216 "Shale," blue sandy; cemented sand______38 254 Gravel, cemented--__-_-__-_--__---____--___-__-_---_- 9 263

32. Lloyd Corporation, Inc. [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1930-31] .,, . Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Sand, white, packed.______77 77 Gravel, cemented______59 136 Gravel, cobbles, and boulders, cemented______9 145 Fine sand (?), in part clayey; cobbles in one 3-foot zone___ 30 175 Clay, sandy in part-______30 205 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): "Sandrock,"soft__---_-_-_-----__-_---___--__----_-_- 10 215 Sand, fine; packed in lower part-.------.I,.----- 70 285 Sand_--___-______-_____-______-.___-____-______5 290 Clay, blue, and gravel______11 301 Clay, blue______45 346 Sand, fine______-______-___--___-____-_ 9 355 Sand and clay______42 397 Sand, fine at top, coarsens toward bottom______48 445 Clay, sandy______25 470 Sand-__-______-_____--_-__-____-______-______-__-__ 8 478 Clay, sandy______9 487 Sarid__--______-______-______14 501 132 GROUND WATEK OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

33. So-called Ladd well [Drilled about 1885 and long ago abandoned. Record from photostat copy in flies of Surveys Division City of Portland] . . . Thickness Depth Aluvmm: (feet) (feet) Earth, clayey sand, and "drift" sand_____--__--_____ 100 100 Sand, clay, and gravel______20 120 Sand, with boulders of basalt and "granite"______20 140 Boulders and gravel with layers of sand, water-bearing, ___ 40 180 Gravel and sand______20 200 Boulders, cobbles, and pebbles______20 220 Gravel and coarse sand, with layers of sand and "con­ glomerate" ______110 330 Sand and fine basaltic gravel______26 356 Sand, coarse and fine______4 360 Clay, sand, and "granite" boulders in alternate layers____ 45 405 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): "Marl" and compact clay, in part sandy; fossil wood and plants______315 720 Sand, fine and coarse, with gravel---_--_-----_-_------10 730 "Marl" and compact shale, with gravel and layers of soft fine "sandstone"______120 850 Clayey shale with layers of fine sand and plentiful fossil wood and plants______150 1,000 Fine micaceous sand, white and compact; coarse basaltic sand and fine gravel.______80 1, 080 Conglomerate, shale, and "marl," with iron-stained sand and fossil plants______120 1,200 Coarse sand and gravel, basaltic..______50 1, 250 "Marl," fine and sandy; soft shale with iron-stained gravel and fossil plants-_--______-___-__-___---__---.--_--- 50 1,300 Yakima basalt (?): "Granite"...______400 1, 700 44. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 85 [Drilled by P. Steinman in 1937] 41 . Thickness Depth Aluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay, yellow. ______.__ 18 18 Sandy clay, blue______77 95 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age (?), undifferentiated: Clay, alternately blue and yellow.------.-.-----.------138 233 'Clay, red, with fragmental rock; water-bearing.______4 237 Clay, yellow and red, water-bearing______108 345 "Hardpan"______.______. 20 365 "Solid rock"___.______-__-__-__-----_- 10 375 WELL RECORDS 133

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

53. Aaron Frank, well 2 [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1938. Record below 460 feet in depth from cuttings] TT , .,. , Thickness Depth Unclassified: (feet) (feet) Clay, sticky______._.______460 460 Decomposed tuff (?), yellowish drab ______10 470 Yakima (?) basalt: Basalt, dense, microcrystalline in part______145 615 Basalt, vesicular, slightly iron-stained in upper 3 feet_____ 25 640 Sand and grit, tuffaceous (?) and iron-stained; water­ bearing______5 645 Basalt, fine-grained, dense.______155 800

58. Northwestern Ice & Cold Storage Co. [Drilled by R. J. Strasser in 1928] T-,.,, , , . Thickness Depth Pill and aluvium: (feet) (feet) Fill and "muck"______33 33 Clay and "muck"______79 112 Sandy muck_-___-_.______-______13 125 Gravel, some cobbles and boulders______15 140 Sand.______19 159 Gravel, cemented______5 164 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): Gravel and "shale"_--_---_-__--______-______15 179 Clay, blue ______54 233 Clay, blue, with some yellow sand.______7 240 Sand, yellow, and clay^______15 255 Sand, clean______10 265

62. Libby, McNeill & Libby [Drilled by R. J. Strasser in 1929. Driller's record with interpretations from representative cuttings] A11 . Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (fe^t) Fill and sandy clay______18 18 Sand and pebbles, largely basaltic_-_-_-____-____--__-__ 7 25 Gravel, particles less than 2 inches in diameter.______13 38 Clay, drab; lower part sandy______24 62 Gravel, cemented______45 107 Clay, yellowish drab______3 110 Unclassified: Gravel, cemented (tuffaceous (?) conglomerate, basaltic grit and abundant quartz grains in matrix)______27 137 Gravel, clay, and sand (tuffaceous (?) conglomerate, pebbles largely basaltic but some of quartzite and other rocks of distant origin; matrix contains plentiful basaltic grit, quartz grains, and some mica______39 176 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): Clay, sandy, blue and yellow (similar to matrix of overlying conglomerate; a few pebbles, all basaltic in cuttings)____ 14 190 Gravel, cemented, with hard sandy matrix; contains a few cobbles (pebbles basaltic; a little mica in matrix)______64 254 Gravel, cemented, matrix clayey______76 330 134 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

65. Rockwood Water District [Well 1, drilled by Zfesing] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay.____-____.______6 6 Gravel, cemented______76 82 Sand and gravel, water-bearing______12 94 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): Gravel, cemented ___---___--___-___-___---___-__--__ 148 242 Clay, yellow, blue, and brown_-______-_-_-_--___-_----_ 58 300

75. H. A. Roberts [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1928] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay______18 18 Gravel______12 30 "Shale," clayey at top______25 55 Sand, coarse in part, water-bearing______15 70 Clay, greenish______7 77 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): "Shale," sandy_. ______8 85 Sand, cemented.______8 93 Yakima (?) basalt: Bedrock______-______-___-.______61 154

77. A. L. Alexander [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1927] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and clay_--______5 5 Gravel, cemented___-______-___--_-__--_--_------11 16 Sand-______-__-____-_-______--____.___-_--__---_- 2 18 Gravel, cemented, and sand in alternate layers 4 to 10 feet thick___.______47 65 Sand, fine_.______.______-_--_-----_------_- 13 78 Gravel, cemented___-___-_-_-_____-----_------____- 2 80

78. F. L. Williams [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co.] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Unknown____-______-__----_--_---_-_ 20 20 Sand and gravel.______8 28 Gravel, cemented______-______-_-____---__ 13 41 Sand.______--_---___---_- 14 55 Gravel, cemented__-__-_-__-___-_--____------_-_---_- 11 66 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): Clay, green__-______-__-___-_-___-_---_---__--._- 6 72 "Shale," brown and blue, grading to sand at bottom______56 128 "Quicksand"______-----__---__---_- 5 133 Sand, water-bearing_____-______-_____--_----_---- -_ 10 143 Sand and "shale," blue____-_--___---__------16 159 "Shale," blue and green______-_---_------___ 26 185 WELL RECORDS 135

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued 79. Mrs. Beebe [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1929] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay and gravel.______8 8 Gravel, slightly cemented; some boulders______19 27 Gravel, cemented-__-_--_-__----_--__-__-___-----_-__- 17 44 "Sandstone," yellow____-___-______30 74 Clay, sandy______10 84 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): Shale, blue, in part sandy______-______-___-_-__--__- 154 238 Sand, water-bearing______3 241 102. City of Canby [Drilled by Peter Hornig in 1912] Thickness DeptK Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil-__------_-----_-_------_---__- 3 3 Coarse gravel and boulders, water-bearing below a depth of 40feet______-____---__-______.______62 65 Pebble clay__-_----_---_---______-_-_-______3 6& Boulders,loose______-______12 80 Pebble clay__-__--_----_-_-----______. 5 85 Gravel (?), loose, water-bearing ______2 87 Clay, blue, no sand or pebbles.______18 105 Gravel and pebbles, loose, water-bearing______2 107 Clay, blue___-__--_____---____-______103. City of Canby (Drilled by Peter Hornig In 1921] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Gravel and boulders in large part______-_-______-__ 87 87 Clay__---_- _---_ -- _-- _-----_-___-_-___-___. 20 '107 Gravel and coarse sand, water-bearing______\%, 108)$ Clay, blue, no sand or pebbles.______171^ 280 Sand, fine and clean______'______1 281 Rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Clay,red_----_-_-_------_--__-_--_--__-_- 229 510 "Asphalt"___------_-___---______-___-___-____-__ 9 519 Sand, black______-_--______5 524 Fine sand, gray, and clay, blue, in alternate beds several feet thick; water-bearing-______127 651 "Sandstone, gray, not water-bearing.______1 652 109. J. C. Mattoon [Drilled by 0. E. Jannsen Drilling Co.] Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) Soil and clay___------_-----______- 8 8 Clay, yellow---_-_------_---_------__---__-__- 44 52 Sandstone, yellow, and "soapstone", yellow and blue______52 104 Sandstone, brown and yellow.______45 149* Sand and gravel.______2 151 Sandstone __-_--_--_----_--___-_---______24 175- Sandstone, yellow, and shale, blue______25 200« Sandy shale, blue and gray, water-bearing.______37 237 Fine sand, gray_____------__-_--_-______136 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, ORE'G.

TABLE 12,. Materials penetrated by typicals wells Continued

118. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 68 [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1937] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feef) Soil and "hardpan"______3 3 Clay, yellow and blue.______62 65 Sand, blue__-______13 78 Sand, blue, and pea gravel, water-bearing,______2 80 Sand, coarse and blue, with wood and bark______12 92 Clay, blue and red______23 115 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Sandstone______6 121 Shale, sandy, gray, alternately hard and soft______91 212

139. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 16 [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1937] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil.. _____------_-_-- --_-___-__-_-_------_----__ 1 1 Clay, yellow______---_------_-_-_-_--_-_-___-__-___- 9 10 Fine sand, yellow, gray, brown, and pink______75 85 Clay, yellow and red___-__----_-_-_-_---_-_---_-_____- 89 174 Rock, soft______---______---___-_------_-_-_-_- 5 179 Sand and fine gravel, water-bearing.______1 180 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Shale, gray.______3 183

143. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 19 [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1937] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet)' (feet) Soil______--- _ - -- 2 2 Sand, yellow and blue, hard at bottom.______40 42 Coarse sand, water-bearing.______1 43 Sand, blue______20 63 Clay, yellow, and sand______97 160 Sandstone and clay___-___--__-___--_-____--_---___-_- 32 192 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Rock, topmost foot porous and water-bearing.______4 196

153. Pleasantdale School [Drilled by H. E, Evans] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and clay______20 20 Boulder clay______--_-_-_-_--_--_-_------_------7 27 Sand, packed, not water-bearing______15 42 Clay, blue______--_--__-______126 168 Gravel, sand, and greenish-blue clay; coarse members water-bearing. ______94 262 Gravel, water-bearing.______8 270 WELL RECORDS 137

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued 164. William Gooding [Drilled by Peter Hornig. Record interpreted from samples of cuttings] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and subsoil-______i___-_--_____-__ 20 20 "Quicksand" (very fine sand and silt)______92 112 Sand, medium and coarse (basaltic)______28 140 Coarse sand and pebbles (basaltic)______7 147

188. J. C. Mark

[Drilled in 1931. Record interpreted from samples of cuttings] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil______12 12 Sand, dark gray (basaltic, poorly rounded grains, pebbles as much as 4 millimeters in diameter______18 30 Sand, blue, and clay______20 50 Clay, blue (fine sand or silt with basaltic grit) ______4 54 Sand, blue, and gravel; coarser toward bottom (basaltic, grains poorly rounded, 1 to 20 millimeters in diameter); water-bearing______11 65 Troutdale or Rhododendron formation of Hodge, or both (?): Clay and sandy clay, blue (nondescript mixture of particles $^' from silt to coarse sand, some of quartz and mica, many waterworn; tuffaceous?)______184 249 Fine sand, consolidated______1 250 Clay, sandy, a few pebbles (from silt to medium sand; grains angular; largely basaltic though feldspar and quartz are abundant; tuffaceous?)______20 270 Sand, very fine (medium sand; grains angular to partly rounded, one-half of quartz, feldspar, muscovite, or biotite)______5 275 Sand, very fine, with a little clay_-_-_-_--_---__------43 318 Coarse sand (largest grains 1% millimeters in diameter, well-rounded and assorted; include basaltic clinker, quartz, and feldspar)-______-______-_ 2 320 Clay (silt and fine sand, nonlaminated, abundant mica, tuffaceous?) ______30 350 Shale, soft (with fine to coarse sand, rude laminae, carbon­ ized wood in coarser layers, moderately consolidated) _ _ _ _ 54 404

206. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 6 [Drilled in 1937] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (/«*) (/«<*) Sott 2 2 Clay, yellow and blue______.___-_____---__--_--_--- 66 68 Sand, blue. __ 17 85 Sand, yellow, and gravel_____-____-_--____---___-_-__ 3 88 Clay, yellow, and sand______-__-_____-____-_---_--- 16 104 Sand, blue 9 113 Gravel and coarse sand, water-bearing ______2 115 138 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued 221. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 24 [Drilled by Steinman Bros. Drilling Co. in 1937] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil______3 3 Clay, yellow-______-______.______13 16 Silt______23 39 Clay, blue-_-_.______41 80 Sand, fine, water-bearing-______5 85 Unclassified: Clay, blue and gray, interlaminated with silt__------_ 115 200 Clay, yellow and brown.______90 290 Clay, sandy, brown__.______6 296 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age: Shale, gray, caving_____.______14 310

245. Agricultural Research Corporation (Sam H. Brown) Applied by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1930. Record interpreted from samples of cuttings. (See physical properties of water-bearing materials, p. 31)] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Loam.______2 2 Clay, yellow and blue, with streaks of pea gravel at 18/*> feet and of fine sand below 38 feet (sparse mica) ______63 65 Clay grading downward into sand______5 68 Sand and gravel, fine (unassorted fine sand to pebbles half an inch in diameter; largely basaltic though quartz and feldspar abundant); water-bearing_____.______--_-__ 13 81 Clay; gray, blue, and brown; in part sandy and pebbly___ 13 94 Silt, dark bluish gray (very fine sand to medium sand; quartz grains abundant)_-_--______-_-_---_-_- 14 108 Sand, fine and black______4 112 Sand and fine gravel, somewhat cemented (pebbles all from basic volcanic rocks)______5 117 Gravel, coarse, and sand (grains fairly well rounded and somewhat assorted; pebbles an inch in diameter are abundant; largest are 2% inches long); water-bearing____ 26 143 Clay, blue and pebbly______3 146 Sand, black (fine to coarse)______16 162 Clay, green and sticky_-____-______-_---_--__- 18 180 Sand, black and loose (medium to very coarse, fairly well assorted; feldspar and quartz abundant) _____-_-__-___ 2 182 Clay or shale, green, streak of peat at top ______23 205 Sand, black______3 208 Clay, blue, watertight______10 218 Gravel and sand, streak of clay at 227 feet, slightly ce­ mented in part (largely basaltic; above 224 feet, poorly assorted very fine sand to pebbles; moderately assorted below 230 feet); water-bearing.______25^ 243*4 Clay, blue and sticky.______9 252% WELL RECORDS 139

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

247. City of Gervais [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1928 Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and clay____--______-___-____-______20 20 Sand, water-bearing.______2 22 Clay, blue, and fine sand______61 83 Sand, black, water-bearing.______7 90 Clay, blue and sticky______15 105 Sand, black, water-bearing______17 122 Gravel and coarse sand, black, water-bearing.______6 128 Gravel, water-bearing.______18 146

256. Oregon State Training School [Drilled by George E. Scott in 1924] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay____-______23 23 Sand, fine, dark, gravelly in part____---_--_-_----_--__- 93 116 Gravel, water-bearing. ______8 124 Sand, dark______9 133 Clay, blue_-___--__-____-______11 144 Sand, dark______10 154 Gravel, "dirty"______6 160 Gravel, water-bearing______15 175 Clay, blue______15 190

262. City of Woodburn [Drilled by George E. Scott in 1925] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (jeet) (feet) Clay--_-__-______.______112 112 Sand, fine, water-bearing______3 115 Sand, coarse______2 117 Gravel, coarse, and sand-___.______14 131 Clay, blue and soft-______. 32 165 Gravel, coarse, and sand; water-bearing-______18 181 Clay, blue______4 185

263. Southern Pacific Railroad Co., Woodburn station [Drilled by George E. Scott] Thiekness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay, yellow______74 74 Sand, black______.______31 105 Gravel and yellow clay______4 109 Gravel, yellow, and sand______28 137 Clay, blue, and sand.__^______27 164 Gravel, coarse, black, water-bearing______11 175

408526 42 10 140 GROUND WATER OP WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

280. Eastern- Western Lumber Co. [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1927] Thickness Depth Pediment deposit: (feet) (feet) Boulders______-______-_--__-___-__-- 15 15 Clay __ _ 20 35 Clay, sandy ___ _-___-______--_--___------__ 25 60 Troutdale or Rhododendron formation of Hodge, or both (?) : Clay, blue ______.______100 100 "Shale" ______-____------_----__--- 34 194 Sand, water-bearing______2 196 "Shale" - . 54 250 "Sandstone," streak of "shale" at 265 feet, another of cemented gravel at bottom; thin water-bearing zones at 250 and 290 feet ______42 292 "Shale 3 295

5. Public Works Engineering Corporation [Record interpreted from samples of cuttings] Thickness Depth Younger and older alluvium: (feet) (feet) Sand, gravel, and pebbles as much as 1% inches in diameter; lower half free from fine and medium sand; water-bearing below depth of 21 feet__-______33 33 Coarse sand and pebbles, cemented with fine sand and silt; not water-bearing. ______9 42 Coarse sand to pebbles half an inch in diameter, loose, water­ bearing ______6 48 Illahe formation of Thayer (?) : Sandstone, fine-grained and earthy, weathered yellowish drab; largely of quartz grains, but some basaltic grit; yields a little water______9 57 Clay "gumbo," blue (with fine sand, largely quartz but some basaltic grit, sparse mica, tuffaceous ?); not water-bearing. 18 75 Clay shale, blue and sandy (unassorted and unstratified, grain sizes from fine to coarse sand, tuffaceous (?)); yields a little water from several zones______--_____-______- 26% 101 Blue shale (with mixture of fine to medium sand and some grit, moderately indurated, basaltic grains and quartz grains about equally abundant, tuffaceous ?); not water­ bearing. ______63>_ 165 WELL RECORDS 141

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

333. Oregon Linen Mills, Inc. [Drilled by Harvey Evans] Thickness Depth Older alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and clay______22 22 Clay and boulder "hardpan"______16 38 Sand, brown and packed, not water-bearing______30 68 Sand and gravel, water-bearing______3 71 Clay and gravel "hardpan"______18 89 Sand and gravel, yields a little water__-_._-______-____ 7 96 Unclassified: Gravel, cemented______.______64 160 Sand and gravel, packed______28 188 Yakima basalt (?): "Medium blue stone," water-bearing______60>_ 248%

334. Public Works Engineering Corporation [DrDled by Perris & Gardner. Record interpreted from samples of cuttings] Thickness Depth Older alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay, water at base______---_____..___-______. 20 20 Pebbly clay (basaltic pebbles)______3 23 Gravel, loose (basaltic, coarse sand to pebbles an inch in diameter), water-bearing______5 28 Gravel, cemented__-______-______--____--___-___- 22 50 Gravel, coarse (basaltic pebbles, fine matrix in several zones), water-bearing______45 95 Unclassified: Clay, gravel, and boulders (bloulder clay ?); not water-bear- ing______.______90± 185 Gravel.--...__.__-.-______-_.___ .__--_-____-_ 10± 195 Clay, gravel, and boulders (samples show pronounced iron stain below 230 feet)______47 242 Yakima (?) basalt: Rock (weathered basalt)_.______25 267

336. A. W. Stryker [Drilled by West in 1929] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feef) Soil and clay, blue in lower part-______45 45 Sand and gravel, water-bearing______10 55 Gravel, cemented______15 70 Sand, loose, and gravel; water-bearing______25 95 Gravel, cemented with clay_____-_-_-_____-______--___ 20 115 Gravel, loose, water-bearing.______142 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLF 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

338. Oregon State Hospital, well 3 [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1925] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (fett) Clay and sand______35 35 Gravel, cemented______22 57 Gravel and cobbles, some clay in lower half; not water- bearing______13 70 Sandy clay (?)______4 74 Gravel and sand, with clay matrix.______21 95 Gravel and sand, water-bearing______-____---____ 16 111 Clay and gravel______1>_ 112}_

3381-2. Oregon State Penitentiary [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co.] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and clay______-______.___ 7 7 Gravel and clay______23 30 Sand and gravel, yields a little water______26 56 Clay and gravel.______4 60 Sand and gravel.______3 63 Gravel, cemented______22 85 Sand and graveL______10 95 Gravel, water-bearing______7 102 Gravel, cemented______20 122 Gravel, water-bearing-.______12 134 Clay, yellow and red______'______-______25 159 Rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Bedrock______1 160

385. Cottage Farm, Oregon State Hospital [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1925] Thickness Depth Unclassified: (feet) (feet) Clay__------______.____---_-_-___--___ 17 17 Clay and boulders______---____ 13 30 Illahe formation of Thayer: Shale, blue and gray______-_-_------_-_- 85 115 Shale and sandstone, interbedded______--_---_--___ 121 236 Shale______.____-______-_-_-_-__ 89 325 Sandstone, yields a little water at about 450 feet______190 515 Shale, with a few thin layers of sandstone______490 1, 005

435. Conser [Drilled by C. E. Gordonier] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil______.._-_-_-_--__-_-___- 3 3 Clay, yellow______22 25 Gravel______-__-__---__- 7 32 Clay, blue______8 40 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Sandstone, blue______50 90 Sandstone, yields "salt" water______1 91 Sandstone, blue; water of poor quality at base ______69 160 WELL RECORDS 143

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

526. Bingenheimer [Drilled by H. E. Evans] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil______.______3 3 Clay and cobbles______--_____-_---___-_---_------17 20 Gravel (?), \vater-bearing______4 24 Boulder clay, very hard-______---__--_-- 15 39 Rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Clay, blue and red-_------_------_----_------137 176 Coarse gravel and cobbles, no sand; water-bearing-______17 193

637. Junction City [Drilled in 1938] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil______2 2 Clay, brown______6 8 Clay and gravel.______7 15 Gravel and sand, clayey at top and bottom, water-bearing. 16 31 Clay, brown and blue______7 38 Sand, coarse, and soft brown clay, water-bearing ______22 60 Clay, blue______-----_--_-____- 8 68 Sand, fine gravel, and blue-gray clay, water-bearing______132 200 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Clay, blue-gray, and sand______-_------_- 33 233 Shale, blue-gray and brown______47 280 Sandstone, blue-gray, soft; yields a little water.------70 350 "Cement gravel" (agglomerate or conglomerate ?)-__-____ 17 367 Shale, brownish-gray, lower part sandy___------63 430 "Conglomerate," very light gray, hard- ______10 440 Shale, brownish-gray___-_---_-_____--__-- J __---___---_ 10 450

701. Bethel School [Drilled by A. F. Moody] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil__-______-.-_____-__---.--.____---___----_____ 12 12 Gravel______------_--__-___-----_-__---___-__-_ 20 32 Gravel, cemented------__-_---_-_--_--_-_-----_----_-- 11 43 Sand and fine gravel.______27 70 Gravel, cementedi__--_-_-_---___----_-__------_---_- 26 96 Sand__------_---_---___--_--______-----_-__-_ 8 104 Gravel, cemented; water-bearing.______2 106

722. M. E. Furrow [Drilled by A. F. Moody] Thickness Depth Rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: (/««*) (/««0 Basalt_-__-___-_____---___._.--_____-_____-______. 212 212 "Sandrock," brown, very hard______.__---______108 320 Basalt, vesicular____-_--__---.-______---__._____ 2 322 Rock, white and very soft (pumice ?)______25 347 Sandstone, water-bearing.______318 665 144 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 19S5-S6 1

87. Frank H. Newland. SWJ£SEJ£ sec. 32, T. 3 S., R. 4 W. Domestic well, dug 3J^ feet in diameter and 39 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring points: Top of pump-house sill, 157.88 feet above mean sea level; and top of concrete wall, 0.7 foot above land surface and 157.98 feet 2 above sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 138.5 1 *\9 4.9 148.94 Aug. 3--...... 143. 89 147. 81 Aug. 10- ...... 142. 07 1936 Apr. 13. . 149. 43 148. 26 Aug. 17 141. 92 149. 39 148. 21 Aug. 24- ...... 141. 71 Feb. 19- 150.68 14.Q 7H 146. 70 Aug. 31 141. 69 Feb. 24.. 153. 51 149. 79 July 6-.- ... 146. 65 Sept. 8 ..... 139. 67 Mar. 2_ ... . 153.59 Mayll 149. 44 July 13..- - 145. 66 Sept. 14 140.46 Mar. 9 ...... 150. 95 May 18 July 20.-- - 144. 60 Sept. 21...... 137. 88 Mar. 16 150. 77 14.fi Q9 144. 39 Sept. 28 137. 62 Mar. 23 . 150. 93

i Ground-water levels in 1928-30, by II. S. Geological Survey; in 1935-36, by U. S. Engineer Department. ! Leveling by II. S. Engineer Department.

100. Pietro Presutti. SWMNWM sec. 30, T. 3 S., R. 1 E. Domestic well, drilled 6 inches in diameter and 145 feet deep, standard steel casing. Substitute for well 101, which was destroyed between 1930 and 1935. Measuring point is bottom of plugged hole in base of pump, 0.4 foot above land surface and 159.28 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 18_-.-_ 110. 20 Jan. 20 ...... a 155. 11 Apr. 21- 108. 90 July 13-.- - 107. 99 Oct. 23...---. 110. 28 IfiQ QO 108. 38 July 20 . 107. 73 Oct. 28.-...-. 109. 54 Feb. 3...... 109. 07 108. 06 July 28- 107. 21 Nov. 4_ ___ . 110. 19 Feb. 10_ Mayll 109. 12 108. 14 Nov. 11. ___ . 110. 60 Feb. 17. .... 109. 13 May 18 4 104. 71 Aug. 10 - 108. 18 Nov. 18 110. 58 Feb. 24 ino A3 May 25. ... . 108. 72 Aug. 17 ... 107. 67 Dec. 2._ 109.60 109. 96 107.51 Aug. 24- 107. 70 Dec. 9_. _ _--_ 109. 79 108. 83 108. 46 Aug. 31... ---_ 107. 53 Dec. 16. _ .... 106. 09 108. 46 Sept. 8 102. 39 Dec. 23----.... 110. 68 Mar. 23. ... 108. 15 Sept. 14 106. 08 Dec. 30 110. 93 Mar. 30 ' 108.96 107.64 Sept. 21 .... 106. 00 1936 JulyS... 107. 81 Sept. 28 ___ _ 105. 81 Apr. 13...... 109.56 Jan. 6...... 113. 28 Jan. 13 ...... 3 154.44

* Leveling by II. S. Engineer Department. 3 Water probably entering well above static level. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals.

101. Isaac A. Miley estate. NWMSWJ4 sec. 30, T. 3 S., R. 1 E. Domestic well, bored .10 inches in diameter and 57 feet deep. Measuring point is top of casing, 0.4 foot above land surface and 157.5 feet above sea level (altimeter).

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 1930 Sept. 27. .. 108.2 Feb. 3. 133.4 JulyS--. 105.90 Feb. 2 106. 70 Oct. 10.. 106.3 Mar. 23 ... .. 132. 45 105. 45 105. 60 Dec. 17-.- __ 126.7 m oc Sept. 24 - 102. 05 Mar. 30 .... 105.50 Oct. 27-.- 106. 65 Apr. 27- 105. 25 Nov. 29 ----- 106. 45 July22 - 103. 22 WELL RECORDS 145

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

126. O. B. Belieu. NWJ^NEJ^sec. 12, T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 27.7 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 3-inch plank deck, through bored hole 10 inches southeast of pump, 170.14 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 31. ______148. 53 Jan. 13. __ ... 168.40 Mar. 31 .... 163. 96 July 6...... 151.97 Nov. 4 ...... 146. 97 Jan. 18 ----- 167. 90 Apr. 6...... « 160. 87 July 13_._ - 151. 18 Nov. 11...... 146. 18 Jan. 20...- ... ,167.92 159. 33 « 147. 86 Nov. 18.- ..- 146. 26 Jan. 27 ~- 164. 8/ Apr. 27 158. 70 July 27-. 147. 46 Nov. 26__ ... 146. 74 Feb. 3. 164. 61 159. 35 145.53 146. 72 Feb. 10...... May 11 --.. 157. 67 146. 16 Dec. 9._ __ .. 145. 71 Feb. 19. 5 160. 93 May 18 156. 77 Aug. 17 145. 93 Dec. 16...... 146. 12 Feb. 24. ... 6 160. 97 May 25--- . 156. 56 145. 66 Dec. 23. 146.11 Mar. 2 ...... 167. 28 156. 62 Aug. 31 145. 05 147. 86 166. 63 155. 35 144.11 Mar. 16 -... 166. 65 154.41 Sept. 14 144.05 1936 1 Mar. 23 - 5 160. 04 June 22_ ...... 154.38 Sept. 21 146. 23 Mar. 27 ..... 5 160. 81 June 29_ ...... 152. 68 Sept. 28 ..-.. 146. 12 152. 95 Jan. 6_ _ ...... 150.01

' Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 8 Pump operating in well.

133. J. J. Kneeland, renter; Fred Allison, owner (formerly owned by A> J. Mott). SWJ^SWJ^ sec. 24, T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, bored 12 inches in diameter and 41 feet deep, in shed at northeast corner of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 4-4-5 in wood pump base. Measuring point is top of concrete-tile casing, 0.4 foot above land surface and 152 feet above mean sea level (hand level).

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 1930 136.4 Feb. 3_ ... . 150. 35 Sept. 24 138. 15 Feb. 2--- ... 151. 45 137.8 Oct. 27--. -. 137. 20 Mar. 2 150.40 138. 85 Julys.-. 146. 50 Nov. 29------136. 70 Mar. 30 -.. 150.10 141.95 148. 30 Apr. 27 - 149. 40 July 25-. - 142. 37

134. L. E. Kin?, renter. SEJSWi sec. 24, T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, bored 12 inches in diameter and 27 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. Substitute for well 133, which was inaccessible for water-level measure­ ments in 1935-36. Measuring point is top of concrete collar of casing, 2.0 feet above land surface and 157.69 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Feb. 3_-- ... 152. 52 153. 14 148. 60 142. 65 Feb. 10 - 152.61 Apr. 13 . 152. 80 148. 28 Aug. 17.... . 141. 80 Feb. 19 152. 56 152. 71 147. 69 141. 47 Feb. 24- 154. 05 Apr. 27... .- 151.64 June 29 ...... 147. 50 Aug. 31.. 141.28 Mar. 2...... _ 154. 50 151. 00 July 6-. ... 147. 43 Sept. 8.- 140. 66 153.11 May 11 ...-.-. 150. 83 July 13_. ...-. 145. 37 Sept. 14..-.-. 140. 43 Mar. 16. ------153. 01 MavlS.. 150.51 July 20- ..... 145. 12 Sept. 21...... 139. 99 152. 87 150. 15 July 27...... 145. 03 Sept. 28-.- 138. 77 Mar. 30 .... 153. 96 150. 10 Aug. 3...... 144.62

2 Leveling by IT. S. Engineer Department. 146 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1985-36 Con.

136. W. J. Odell. SWjSEi see. 29, T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 30.6 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, 0.6 foot above land surface and 141.88 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 30...... 119. 95 Jan. 13. ... . 133. 13 125. 49 Nov. 4__. ... 120. 43 Jan. 18...... 138. 51 133. 11 July 21.... 123. 85 Nov. 11...... 114.63 Jan. 27...... 137. 03 Apr. 28-.. - 129. 77 July 28- .-.-. 123. 47 Nov. 18 -.. 121. 02 Feb. 3. .-__..._ 128.80 122. 95 Nov. 26 . 120. 84 Feb. 10...... 135. 12 129.19 Aug. 11. -....__ 4 116. 96 Dec. 2...... 121.03 Feb. 19 135. 06 123. 27 * 116. 57 Dec. 9...... _. 121. 44 Feb. 24___.,.._ 137.90 129.71 4 115. 46 Dec. 16--.--.. 121. 47 Mar. 2 .... 137. 61 129. 84 Sept. 1...... 4 115. 56 Dec. 23-,-.... 121.45 Mar. 9 ...... 135. 45 129.57 Sept. 9_.~ _ -. 119.81 Dec. 30...... 131.55 129. 19 Sept. 15...... 118. 36 Mar. 24...... 133. 62 128.44 120. 79 Mar. 31 - 136. 19 June 30 127. 45 Sept. 29...... 119. 52 130. 85 Apr. 7 July?-. .

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 147. W. E. Grabenhorst. NW^NEJ sec. 28, T. 4 N., R. 3 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 3J5 fee in diameter and 23 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring points: Top of 2-inch plank deck, through bored hole 10 inches north of pump, 1.2 feet above land surface and 163.94 feet 2 above mean sea level; and beginning July 6, 1936, 0.6 foot above plank deck.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 31-- -- 142.56 161. 74 Apr. 13 159. 04 July 13-. 147. 66 142. 54 Apr. 20 159.20 146. 12 Nov. 11 .... 142. 09 159. 46 Apr. 27. ------157. 22 July 27.. 147. 15 Nov. 13 -- 142. 21 Feb. 3...... 159. 45 156. 18 Aug. 3 - 146. 25 Nov. 26 I -- 142. 26 155. 96 145. 03 Dec. 2--.-...-. 141.80 Feb. 19. 159. 05 May 18 155. 55 Aug. 17 144.60 Dec. 9- -- 142. 31 Feb. 24 . 161.54 154 52 Aug. 24 144. 15 Dec. 16- 142. 27 Mar. 2-_ __ .. 161.04 153. 55 Aug. 31 143. 87 Dec. 23. ______142. 37 152. 18 143. 55 Dec. 30- -.. 146. 28 Mar. 16 . .. 160. 75 151. 74 Sept. 14... 143. 48 Mar. 23. 159.28 150. 39 Sept. 21...... 143. 32 1936 Mar. 30 160. 67 June 29 _- - 149.41 Sept. 28..- 142. 77 Jan. 6------. 147. 21 Apr. 6 ... . - . 160. 52 Julv6------148.60 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 158. W. J. Gering, formerly Basil Gering. NE^NWi sec. 4, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 30 inches in diameter and 23 feet deep, 30 feet southwest of tank tower. Measuring point is top of concrete-tile casing, east side, 1.8 feet above land surface and 125.37 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Jan. 27 . 111.29 109.86 106. 95 Feb. 3__ ------111. 10 109. 56 1929 Oct. 15 106.54 Feb. 10 . - 110. 95 June 15_. ------109.80 Oct. 23.. - 106. 58 111.00 June 22... _ .. 109. 39 JulyS 107. 92 Feb. 24.. . 111.18 June 29-- ___ 109.15 106. 62 112.61 July 6.. .-._.. 108. 90 Sept. 24 104. 43 106. 57 Mar. 9 ------111.91 July 13- 108. 38 Oct. 27 104. 90 106. 55 Mar. 16 .- 112. 03 July 20..-. . 108. 68 104. 67 Mar. 23 110. 95 July 27. .._._.. 108. 36 105. 12 112.47 108.08 Dec. 16 112. 06 107. 89 1930 107. 69 Apr. 13. 111.50 Aug. 17_. ______107.56 108. 59 Apr. 20 ----- 110,92 Aug. 27...---. 107. 55 Feb. 2 107. 07 111.08 Aug. 31. .-_.-_. 107. 40 108. 72 1936 110. 95 Sept. 8. 107. 07 108.87 110.50 Sept. 14. - 107. 15 Apr. 27.... . 108. 72 May 18.. 110. 91 Sept. 21...... 106.90 July25-.__---_ 106. 47 Jan. 20 --..- - 111.85 May 25- 110. 46 Sept. 28 106. 86 'Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 147

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

161. Clara E. Case. SEJNW} sec. 13, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 28 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is pump-house floor at south edge of trap door, about 2 feet above land surface and 177.76 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1036 Oct.9...... 156. 30 151 71 160. 80 July 6---- _- 156.93 Oct. 15------156. 21 157. 59 Apr. 13...... __ 160.84 July 13. .-.-_-_ 156. 79 Oct. 23...... 156. 11 158. 49 Apr. 20...... 160. 79 July20_----_-_ 157. 32 Oct. 28-... . 156.28 Jan. 27____...__ 157. 78 Apr. 27--_...__ 159. 47 July 27 -- 157.04 155. 07 Feb. 3-...... 157. 74 159. 24 Aug. 3-. . 156.88 Nov. 11- 155.22 Feb. 10. 157. 18 May 11. .__-_.. 159.23 156. 79 154. 74 Feb. 19______161.82 May 18- 159. 10 Aug. 17...... -. 156.37 155. 07 Feb. 24. --.____ 159.66 May 25_. ..____ 159. 06 Aug. 24-.. -. 156.28 Mar. 2 160.17 June 1______-- 158.81 Aug. 31 156.05 154. 09 Mar. 9. _ _ -. 160.26 158. 64 155.83 Dec. 16- . 155. 12 159.% 1 f^ft 37 Sept. 14. .-.. 156. 77 Dec. 23_-______154.08 AVTor 9^1 1fift 1 9 Sept. 21 158. 06 Dec. 30_. ______153. 67 Mar. 30 161. 36 157. 85 Sept. 28 158.00

'Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

164. Wm. Gooding. SWJNEJ sec. 20, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, drilled 6 inches in diameter and 147 feet deep, 75 feet northeast of dwelling. Casing stamped 4-2-1 on east side. Measuring point is top of casing, 0.8 foot above land surface and 171 feet above mean sea level (altimeter). On Sep­ tember 26,1928, the water level was 151.9 feet; on October 20,1928,151.2 feet; and on December 17,1928,152 feet.

165. Ann M. Kaufman. NWjSEfsec, 21, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 29 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 2-incii plank deck, about 0.8 foot above land surface and 170.72 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 9__...... 144. 77 165. 64 164.35 July6_ --- 156.19 Oct. 15-. 148. 25 Jan. 13 168. 88 Apr. 13_. ______163. 68 Julyl3_._ __ 155. 51 Oct. 23...... Jan. 20____--.__ 168. If Apr. 20. . 163. 66 'Jflly 20. ..__.-_ 154. 05 Jan. 27 - 165. 14 Apr. 27...... __ 162. 22 July 27_. --.-__ 153. 89 143. 81 Feb. 3 -- .... 165. 55 161. 61 Aug. 3 152. 05 Nov. 4 ..... 142. 32 May 11 161. 14 151.76 Nov. 11 144. 97 Feb. 19--______161. 89 MaylS - 160. 77 Aug. 17-______Nov. 18__- _.-. 147. 72 Feb. 24. _...-._ 168:27 May 25 _ ___ 159. 92 Aug. 24..__..__ Dec. 9. ---..-.. 149. 35 Mar. 2 _ _._ __ 167. 55 June 1 158.08 150.41 Mar. 9. ___ __ 165. 44 June8_ __ _._ 158.55 Aug. 31 .... Dec. 16..-_-__ 155. 47 q0nf- 14. 1 l^ft 4^t June 15 .__ _.. 157. 44 Dec. 23- 151. 53 Mar. 23 _____ 1fi_L 9Q 157.46 Sept. 21 147. 65 l89. 45 Mar. 30_-___-__ 166. 65 157. 58 Sept. 28 147. 26

'Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 148 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 169. Theodore Boutin. NWJ^SWJ^ sec. 31, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, drilled 10 inches in diameter and 74 feet deep, in pump shed 60 feet southwest of deep petroleum test well. Measuring point is top of 10-inch steel casing, level with land surface and 171.08 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1935 1936 1936 July 3-...... 157.03 Oct. 11 - 150. 69 164.34 159.20 i Kf\ on Feb. 3. ------164. 72 159. 31 Sept. 24 __ 151.60 Feb. 10 164. 43 158. 75 Oct. yj...... « 150. 15 Oct. 28 151. 00 Feb. 19 - 164. 43 June 22-- __ - 157. 76 Nov. 29- -. - 150. OS 150. 33 Feb. 24. 165. 36 157.64 Dec. 30. _ _._. 154.08 Nov.ll------166. 34 July 6 ...... 156. 25 150. 28 165. 56 July 13------155. 37 1930 Dec. 2 150. 18 Mar. 16 -- Ifi5. 61 Julv 20---- 154.79 Dec. 9 -. - 150. 08 Mar. 23 ---- 165. 71 July 27- -..-. 154.63 Feb. 2- m oc A/Tar 3ft 153. 16 Mar. 2...... 165. 48 151. 35 165. 82 Aug. 10 --- 152. 72 Mar. 30 165. 43 165.82 Aug. 17 . 152. 67 Apr. 27...... 163. 03 Apr. 20 .. 165. 79 Aue. 24...... 152. 49 July 22...-..-. Apr. 27 163. 44 Aue. 31 152. 05 163. 23 150.81 1935 Jan. 6- __ .... 162. 06 Mav 11 162. 81 Sept. 14 -. 150.52 Jan. 13. ___ . 164. 92 Mav 18 - 161. 82 Sept. 21 .-.. 151. 38 Oct. 3. -. 151. 22 165. 76 160. 94 151. 01

" 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. ' Pump operating in well a short time prior to measurement.

171. Johnson School. SEJ^SEJ^ sec. 34, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 18 inches in diameter and 20 feet deep, in school yard. Copper nail with washer stamped 4-2-7 in west side of plank well cover. Measur­ ing point is top of concrete-tile casing at copper nail with washer, 1.8 feet above land surface and 184.66 feet' above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Mar. 2 ..-._- 171. 21 158. 06 Oct. 20. _---.._ 156.2 169. 91 172. 06 163. 66 Apr. 27 162. 84 Julv 22--..... 171.01 161. 93 1929 171. 13 1935 155. 29 Feb. 10 169. 77 June 29 160. 73 Feb. 3 171.8 169. 21 Julv6-- Mar. 23.-..---. 169. 21 Oct. 3-- Feb. 24 171.90 July 13..- -. 159. 35 May 12 .... _ 168. 26 Oct. 10 . 155. 09 Mar. 2 ____ 171.29 July 20 158. 77 170. 48 Julys. _ 161.1 Oct. 23 . 170. 15 Aug. 3 157. 94 158. 11 Oct. 28. Mar. 23 . 169. 73 Augj 10 -.. _ - 157. 80 Sept. 24 156. 36 171.25 Aue. 17-.---.-. 157. 32 Oct. 27 Nov. 11 170. 48 Aug. 24. 157. 14 Nov. 29 155. 11 Nov. 18-.. 155. 09 Apr. 13 169. 60 Aug. 31-. -. 156.,83 Dec. 30. _ _. 162. 66 168. 23 156/62 Dec. » . -_ 155. 05 Apr. 27 167. 72 Sept. 14 156.80 1930 Dec. 16 166. 29 156. 43 Dee. 23-. 156. 42 Mav 11---- 166. 02 Sept. 28 156. 25 Feb. 2...... - 171. 26 166. 00

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 149

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1985-86 Con. 172. J. W. Keil (formerly D. A. Keil). NEJiNWJi sec. 2, T. 4 8., R. 1 W. Domestic well, bored 10 inches in diameter and 25.5 feet deep, at rear porch at northeast corner of dwelling, concrete-tile and stove­ pipe casings. Stamped 4-1-2 on pump discharge pipe just below spigot. Measuring points: Prior to May 1929, top of stovepipe casing, 0.7 foot above land surface and 187.4 feet above mean sea level; June 7 and July 3,1939, top of casing (cut-off), 187.3 feet above mean sea level; beginning Aug. 5,1929, top of pump- base flange marked with white paint, 1.0 foot above land surface and 187.69 feet 2 above30ve mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Sept. 27 175.4 Apr. 27-, . - 183. 49 185. 00 180. 83 Oct. 20... .. 175. 0 July22- t __ 175. 97 185. 51 May 25- 181. 83 Dec. 17- 179.1 185. 40 181. 65 193|5 Jan. 24 .. 184. 53 178. 89 1929 184. 35 179.53 Oct. 3--1-. 174. 21 Feb.3- 184.48 177. 48 Feb.3--- 185.0 Oct. 10-i .____. 173. 63 Feb. 10- 184. 51 June 29 - -.. 176. 85 Mar. 23-. ... 183. 29 173. 11 Feb. 17 183. 45 JulvS- - 176.65 184. 44 Oct. 23-J. 171. 89 184.15 July 13--- 174.66 181. 74 Oct. 28.1. -. 171.94 Feb. 28 184. 34 July 20-. . - 174. 32 July 3 178. 14 172. 02 185. 75 July 28.-. - 173. 98 175.99 Nov. 11 --~ 172. 31 185. 52 174. 75 Sept. 24 174. 14 Nov. 18 . - 172. 39 Mar. 16 185. 11 174. 87 Oct. 27--.- 174. 24 174. 07 Mar. 23- 185. 31 AIID- 17 171. 14 Dec. 30 184. 44 174. 11 Mar. 30--. - 184. 31 174.30 184. 17 Aug. 31 ---. 175. 15 r~\ 1930 Dec. 23-L 175. 80 183. 92 Sept. 8 - . 175. 00 181. 65 Apr. 20- 184. 07 Sept. 14 - 171. 32 Feb. 2 185. 39 183. 91 Sept. 21- 170. 87 Mar. 2. __ .... 185. 24 183. 72 170. 69 183. 49 185. 34 May 11

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

174. A. W. Geisey. NEJ4SWJ4 sec. 9, T. 4 S., R. 1 W. Stock well, due 7 feet in diameter and 25 feet deep, concrete curb. Measuring point is top of plank deck, through crack, 1.0 foot above land surface and 191.21 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 9--. 174.31 188. 63 187. 96 July 8...... 177. 23 Oct. 15. 171. 74 Jan. 13_ ...... 188.82 Apr. 13 - 187. 67 July 13- 176.23 Oct. 23--. 175. 63 189. 72 185. 51 July 20.. ... 176. 69 Oct. 28. ------174. 12 187. 52 Apr. 27 184. 93 July 28- ...... 176. 23 173.78 Feb. 3 187. 09 184. 54 Aug. 3 -___ 176. 13 Nov. 11 173.94 Feb. 10 - 186. 14 May 11 183. 95 Aug. 10-. .-_-__ 176. 24 Nov. 18 173. 76 Feb. 17 ..-_. 185. 86 May 18 182. 78 Aug. 17 . 175. 26 Dec. 3 173. 61 Feb. 24 ___ _ 188. 36 May 25.-...... 183. 00 Aug. 24,. __ _ 174. 48 Dec. 9...... 174.03 Mar. 2 ... . 187. 93 181. 89 Aug. 31 ... 175.29 Dec. 16 . 176. 51 Mar. 9 _ ... 188. 05 181.19 Sept. 8 _---- 175. 09 Dec. 23...... 176. 26 Mar. 16 186. 79 180. 13 Sept. 21 ' 174. 96 Dec. 30.. ... 181. 71 Mar. 23 186. 56 178. 97 Sept. 28 174. 82 Mar. 30 ... 188. 09 178. 17

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 150 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation: weU&, and, 1935-36 Con. 184. Harry Cochran. SW_J4SE)4 sec. 4, T. 4 S., R. 1. E. Domestic well, dug 4 feet square and 67 feet deep, timber curb. Measuring point is top of plank curb, at middle of west side, 1.5 feet above land surface and 177.80 feet J above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 9__ .._..._ 112.14 Jan. 6 ...... 111. 30 116. 67 July 13.. ... 113.40 Oct. 15 .- 112.00 m Qfi 116. 82 July20_-.__-__ 112.58 Oct. 23...... 112. 82 Apr. 20 115. 69 July 28. .._.._. 112. 48 Oct. 28-...--.. 112. 85 Jan. 27______114.55 Apr. 27...... 115. 48 112. 38 112. 13 Nov. 11 .. . 111.30 Feb. 10. __.._.. 115. 15 May !!_____.__ 114. 18 Aug. 17--.---.. 111.93 Nov. 18_.______111. 25 Feb. 17...... 115.50 Mayl8_-_ 115.05 Aug. 24 __ ... 111.81 111.00 Feb. 24_...... 114. 85 Aug. 31 -_ 111.76 Dec. 9_-_ ... 111. 10 Mar. 2__. . . 115. 51 114. 60 Sept. 8_ ___ .. 111.61 Dec. 16-----.__ 111. 10 Mar. 9 ...... 115. 55 June 22 _ .. ... 113.95 Sept. 14...... 111.38 Dec. 23. . . 111.30 Mar. 16_. . 116. 06 113. 65 Sept. 21 ..... 111.33 Dec. 30. ___...- 111.30 Mar. 23___._.__ 115. 77 July 8...... 113*52 Sept. 28...... 111.28 Mar. 30_...... 116.07 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 193. Roy Wisecarver. SWJ4NEJ4 see. 1, T. 5 S., R. 5 W. Domestic and stock well, due 4 feet in diam­ eter and 39 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is concrete floor of pump house, 0.3 foot above land surface and 148.43 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Mar 2_._ __ 146. 06 Apr. 24. ____... 135.09 Aug. 10 ___ .. 130. 11 Mar 9 _.... _ _ 144. 31 139. 00 134. 59 Aug. 17. . 129.84 Mar 16 ... . 144.06 137. 71 134. 16 Aug. 24.. _ . 129.70 Mar 23-_-.-._ 142. 50 May 11 _ 135. 82 July6__._. _._. 134. 10 Aug. 31_-_-__._ 129.15 Mar 30 __. 144. 67 JulylS.. _. * 126. 43 Apr. 6. . 143. 02 May25_._ July20_ __ 131.94 Sept. 14.. .. 126.82- Apr, 13--.-... 142. 97 136. 71 July 27-...... * 131.86 Sept. 21_.____ _. 125. 27 Apr. 20_ ...... 140.03 135. 49 Aug. 3 130.62 Sept. 28 125. 57 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. > 196. George Fuller. NWJ4NEJ4 sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 5. W. Domestic and stock well, drilled 6 inches in diameter and 64 feet deep, in pump house 45 feet northwest of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 5-5-2 in wood clamp that supports suction pipe. Measuring point is top of casing, 0.5 foot above land surface and 151.59 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

192S 1930 1936 1936 131.44 Mar. 2___ 141.24 134.08 May 18 * 127. 53 Oct. 21...... 130. 69 Mar. 30 . 141. 55 May 25... __ 138. 11 Dec. 17 m QQ 140.68 137. 55 July25__ Jan. 27--. 138. 91 137. 31 1929 139. 80 136. 90 Feb. 10_ - 136. 40 Feb. 3. .... 140.4 Feb. 19 - 140. 08 June 29- . __ 136. 00 Mar. 24...- .... 139.4 Oct. 3______Feb. 24. ------s 131. 76 July6_-- 135. 62 May 12---- . 139.7 Oct. 18_ -.-._ 129.24 Mar. 2_ --- 138. 25 July 13..----- 134. 77 138. 14 Oct. 21__ 136.50 July20_- 134. 55 July9_ ... 136.2 Oct. 28- 129. 15 Mar. 17 - 136. 45 July 27 - 133.04 133. 79 Nov. 5 .... m 7Q Aug. 3_ ...- 131.68 Sept. 24... . 130. 84 Nov. 11 .--.- Mar. 27 139. 45 Aug. 10. _ .... 132. 78 Oct. 27. 129. 89 Nov. 18. 4 122. 17 Mar. 30 141. 27 Aug. 17-.. ... 132. 27 Nov. 29 -_. - 129. 29 Nov. 26-... 141. 30 Aug. 24_. __ .. 130.76 134. 09 128.63 Apr. 13 - Aug. 31 129. 18 1 9Q *>9 140. 00 Sept. 8 ------131. 27 1930 Dec. 16. _-___-- Apr. 27 139.28 Sept. 14-_. . 131. 13 Dec. 23 131. 37 138. 87 Sept. 21-- 130. 52 Feb. 2 138. 99 140. 35 Sept. 28 -. . 128.50 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. * Pump operating in well. WELL RECORDS 151

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1985-36 Con.

203. William Filler. NEJ4NEH sec. 32, T. 5 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, dug 4^ feet in diameter and 32 feet deep, masonry curb. Copper nail with washer stamped 5-5-1 in plank deck at north side of pump. Measuring point is top of 2-ineh plank deck, 1.0 foot above land surface and 209.74 feet above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 Sept. 24 ----- 189.5 Mar. 23, .---. 203. 35 May 25 L.­ 197. 65 Aug. 3 ... - 187. 33 OAO QQ 186. 31 1936 193.90 Aug. 17 - 186. 17 Apr. 13 202.17 193. 48 Aug. 24. __ -- 184.77 Feb. 19 203.63 Ausj. 31 Feb. 24 - 206. 72 Apr. 27 July 6.. 193. 05 Sept. 8--.. - 184.58 Mar. 2__. ___ 206.53 Julyl3__.__ 189. 34 Sept. 14. ----- 184.42 Mar. 9 __ - 204.70 inn m July20_ 5 188. 72 6 184. 27 Mar. 16 .___ 204.78 May OS.. 137. 93 July27-- - 188.36 Sept. 28_-_- . 184. 27

6 Pump operating in well.

210. Glenn Patty. NE»4NEM see. 10, T. 5 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well dug, 3 feet in diameter and 38.6 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, at west side, 2.2 feet above land surface and 158.62 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 30- 129.86 Jan. 13-... . Apr. 20 149.50 July 13...... 137.09 Nov. 5- Jan. 20. --_.__ 150.41 Apr. 24. __._.__ 149. 52 July 20---_ 136. 55 Nov. 11 130. 14 Jan. 27-- 149. 26 Apr. 27 148.90 July 27- 136. 21 Feb. 3 Aug. 3 . 135.26 Nov. 26 .... Feb. 10 148.04 148. 60 133. 83 Dee. 2 ...... 130. 21 Feb. 19 .. 147. 99 May 18 . 146. 11 Aug. 17 133. 30 Dee. 9 ------129. 86 Feb. 24_. ..____ 144. 08 131. 53 Dec. 16. ------129. 89 Mar. 2 .. ... 153. 43 144.25 130. 71 Dec. 23-. ____-. 131.31 Mar. 9- _ ___ 152.50 143. 00 Sept.8_ .-.-_ 132. 96 142. 78 132. 83 Mar. 23 ..... 150.83 142. 84 Sept. 21-- --.. 130. 89 1936 Mar. 30 ...... 152.64 June 29 ______140. 60 Sept. 28- --___ 130. 28 Apr. 6 152.04 July 6- . 140. 15 Jan. 6__ ...... 133. 61 Apr. 13. ______

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

225. Eunice Hibbs. NWJ4SEJ4 see. 9, T. 5 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 32 feet deep, brick curb with concrete collar. Measuring point is top of 2-ineh plank deck, through bored hole 8 inches northeast of pump, 0.7 foot above land surface and 163.53 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 31-- 140. 57 Jan. 13, __ _-__ 160. 47 Apr. 13 158. 89 July 13- 146. 48 140. 93 Jan. 20,. ... 158. 64 July 20 146. 12 Nov. 11^ --._ 140. 38 Jan. 27.- 157. 46 Apr. 27__ _.___- 156.85 July 27--- 145. 76 Nov. 18 140. 18 Feb. 3 159. 43 155. 78 Aug. 3 145. 04 Feb. 10. 155. 76 Aug. 10 __ _ 143. 89 Dec. 3- __ __ 141. 85 Feb. 19______May 18- 153. 74 Aug. 17 143. 80 Dee. 9_____.__ 142. 17 Feb. 24 .. 161. 45 May 25 152. 79 Aug. 24 142. 87 142. 26 Mar. 2 151. 49 Aug. 31 142. 46 Dec. 23. _..-_ 140. 83 150. 50 Sept. 8-. 142. 27 Dec. 30_ ------144. 17 Mar. 16______160. 26 150. 36 Sept. 14--. 141. 96 Mar. 23... 149. 01 Sept. 21---.... 141. 73 Mar. 30 160. 46 147. 60 Sept. 28-- _ 141. 40 Jan. 6_ ...... 147. 15

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 152 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-86 Con. 228. C. Anderson (formerly S. F. Parker). SEJ4SWJ4 sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, dug 36 inches in diameter and 29.5 feet deep, in yard at northeast corner of residence. Measuring points: Top of box curb at center of west side, copper nail with washer, 1.8 feet above land surface and 177.4 feet above mean sea level; and in 1935-36, top of 2-inch plank platform, 0.8 foot above land surface and 176.40 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936' 149.9 153.88 153. 11 149.4 Apr. 27 ----- 173. 32 152. 50 Dec. 16 148.5 July 22 ... 148. 74 Feb. 3- ... - 173. 15 152. 50 Feb. 10 172. 88 151. 99 1929 1935 Feb. 19 161. 05 151. 11 Feb. 24 173. 34 June 29. 150. 83 Feb. 3 .... 156.4 Oct. 3_ 149. 85 Mar. 2...... 173. 21 July 6--. ... 151. 20 Mar. 23--. .. 154.2 Oct. 11...... 149. 75 170. 94 July 13 150. 61 May 12 156.2 Oct. 15-.-..... 149. 82 Mar. 16 171. 08 July 20 150. 87 152. 60 Oct. 23. .... 149. 90 Mar. 23. 164. 66 July 27.. __ - 150. 51 Julys. 151. 15 Oct. 28 149. 63 165. 35 150. 67 150. 05 149. 17 Mar. 30 --- 166. 83 150. 45 Sept. 24__ 149. 40 Nov. 11...... 149. 58 163. 82 Aug. 17- __ .- 150. 48 Oct. 27 - - 148. 90 Nov. 18 . . 149. 21 Apr. 13-. ... 161. 34 Aug. 24. ... - 150. 46 Nov. 29 ... .. 147. 30 148. 87 Apr. 20- .... 161. 29 Aug. 31 150. 13 146.70 Dec. 9-...... 148. 92 Apr. 27... 156. 70 Sept. 8. . 149. 75 Dec. 16 148. 71 155. 06 Sept. 14-. __ - 149. 85 1930 Dec. 23- ... 148. 41 May 11..- ..... 154. 25 Sept. 21- ... 149. 90 Feb. 2.. .. 148. 40 149. 06 May 18 ... 153. 50 149. 77

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

235. Cora M. Nash. NEJ4NEM sec. 32, T. 5 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, dug 3}4 feet in diameter and 27.4 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of concrete well cover, through 1-inch hole 10 inches north of pump, 0.5 foot above land surface and 161.63 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level 'Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 31...... 142. 95 Nov. 5...... 142. 93 Jan. 13-. _ .. 160. 46 Apr. 14 .... 158. 89 July 15. 150. 84 Nov. 11...... 142. 66 Jan. 20...... 160. 00 Apr. 21 159. 00 July 21-. ... 150. 77 Nov. 18 - 142. 78 Jan. 27_. - 157. 92 Apr. 28. ... 157. 96 July 28- 150. 47 Nov. 26 ..... 142. 61 Feb. 3 159. 54 157.54 150. M Dec. 3 ... 142. 48 Feb. 10 . 159. 01 May 12 ... 157. 53 Aug. 11 ? 147. 77 Dec. 9. _ . .... 142. 52 Feb. 19 157. 51 147. 54 Dec. 16 142. 44 Feb. 25...... 160. 44 May 25-...... 156. 26 Aug. 25- .... 146. 63 Dec. 23 148. 48 Mar. 2 .... . 159. 74 156. 34 Sept. 1...... 145. 92 Dec. 28 148. 50 Mar. 9.. __ ._ 158. 48 154.04 Sept. 9- ... 145. 54 Dec. 30.. ------158. 39 Mar. 17 . 159. 85 153. 52 Sept. 15-. 145. 26 Mar. 23 .... . 159. 05 152. 36 Sept. 22.. __... 144. 20 1936 Mar. 31 ._ 159. 67 152. 21 Sept. 29--.. 142. 92 Jan. 6__ ...... 158. 67 Apr. 7 159. 95 July?-. . 151. 54

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 7 Adjacent land being irrigated. WELL RECORDS 153

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

243. Ernest Andres. SWJ4NEJ4 sec. 20, T. 5 8., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 30 inches in diameter and 23 feet deep, concreie-tile casing. Measuring point is top of plank deck, through hole for discharge pipe, 0.5 foot above land surface and 177.16 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1938 1936 Oct. 9 ...... 155. 75 166. 44 Apr. 13 172.85 July 6 162. 76 156. 91 171. 14 Apr. 20 ..... 172. 79 July 13-. ... 161.88 Oct. 24----.... 156. 86 Feb. 3 ...... 171. 19 171. 31 July 20 ._ 161.31 Oct. 28- 156. 86 Feb. 10 169. 42 170. 41 July 27 161.22 156.78 Feb. 19 170. 50 May 11...... 169. 97 Aug. 3 . 160.23 Nov. 11...... 156. 66 Feb. 24,. __ .. 175. 28 169. 69 159. 97 Nov. 18 156. 51 Mar. 2 174. 92 May 25 168.18 158.20 Dec. 2 ...... 156.58 Mar. 9 .... 174. 15 167. 30 Aug. 24 ...... 158.09 156. 94 Mar. 16. 173. 25 165. 90 167. 70 Dec. 16 . _ ... 158.31 Mar. 23 - 172. 99 165. 18 157. 69 Dec. 23 ...... 158. 08 Mar. 30 174. 18 June 22 ...... 164.20 Sept. 14 _ ..... 158.80 173. 42 164.09 157. 55 Sept. 28 - 157. 33

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

. 245. Agricultural Research Corporation (Sam H. Brown). NWJ4SWJ4 sec. 25, T. 5 S., R. 2 W. Irriga­ tion well, drilled; 18-inch double stovepipe casing to depth of 155 feet, perforated from 117 to 147 feet; 6-inch standard casing from 150 to 252 feet, perforated from 215 to 245 feet. In pump house northeast of residence. Measuring points: Drilline platform, about 0.5 foot above land surface, and 181 feet above mean sea le*vel (by Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station); beginning April 10, 1930, upper face of pump-base flange at drilled hole, 1.0 foot above land surface and 181.31 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1930 1930 1936 8 158. 1 Aug. 28- is 155. 5 Mar. 30 ... 166.14 Mar. 10 -.---.---.. » 162. 6 is 155. 5 166.20 Mar. 11- -. .- » 162. 2 Apr. 13-...... 166. 11 Mar. 13, 1:30 p.m. 9 163. 4 1935 Apr. 20_...... 166.37 "117.2 Oct. 10 Anr 97 164.79 162.9 Oct. 16 _. _ , ...... 157. 86 May 4.- .... - 164. 43 Mar. 14, 1:30 p. m _ _ » 111.0 Oct. 24 ...... 157. 79 May 11-. . 163.92 Mar. 31 . 164.7 Oct. 28 ...... 157. 79 May 18 _ . 163.67 Apr. 10, 3:35 p. m. .... 161.0 157. 51 163.26 12 124. 65 Nov. 11. __ ...... 157. 55 162. 77 Apr. 10, 4:45 p. m. .... 12 122. 9 Nov. 18 157.46 162. 52 Apr. 10, 4:55 p. m __ 12 120. 85 Dec. 3-.- .... 157. 41 162. 42 Apr. 10, 5:17 p. m. .... 12 117. 7 Dec. 9 ------157. 47 161.28 12115.8 Dec. 17- 157. 74 160. 09 Apr. 10, 6:04 p. m_ .... 12 114. 7 Dec. 23 ____ 158. 04 JulvS - ... - 160. 75 Apr. 10, 6:15 p. m- .... 12 114. 1 Dec. 31 __ ... . 158. 36 160. 71 Apr. 10, 6:20 p. m. 12 114.0 July20 159. 99 Apr. 11 . 157.9 1936 July 28. - is 148. 3 Jan. 6 ... 160.15 Aug. 3 159.24 Aug. 8. --. . 8116.3 Jan. 13 .... _ _ 162. 17 Aug. 10 159. 07 Aug. 12 -.- - . 156.2 Jan. 20. ___ ...... 162. 79 Aug. 17 - 158.54 " 155. 20 Jan. 27- __ _ 164. 36 Aug. 24 158. 42 Aug. 15 13 155. 20 Feb. 3 .___ ... 166.11 Aug. 31 158. 39 Aug. 21, 10:25 a. m . 157.5 Feb. 10_.-----. . ..-- Sept. 8 158. 24 Aug. 21, 11:25 a. m __ 5 119. 3 Feb. 17-- 165. 73 Sept. 14 . 158. 11 Aug. 21, 1:35 p. m -. 5 112. 8 Feb. 24_ . ___ . . . 166.08 Septl21 ...... 157. 98 Aug. 21, 2:45 p. m ____. 5 112. 1 Mar. 2...... 165. 88 Sept. 28 157.78 Aug. 27, 1:20 p. m 157.83 Mar. 9__ _ 166. 09 Aug. 27, 4:15 p. m... .. 5 120. 87 Mar. 16-.. _ . . ... 5 119. 71 Mar. 23----- _ ..... 165. 61

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 5 Pump operating in well. 8 Outer 18-inch casing not perforated; inner 6-inch casing perforated and cut off at depth of 150 feet on March 4. 9 Outer 18-inch casing perforated March 5-6, well being developed by intermittent pumping beginning March 8. 1° Pumping level after withdrawal at rate of 1.8 second-feet for 3^ hours. 11 Pumping level after withdrawal at rate of 1.95 second-feet for 5 Mi hours. 12 Water level during pumping test from 3:35 to 6:20 p. m.; withdrawal began at 2.09 second-feet but declined gradually to 1.82 second-feet. '3 Pump idle but water level depressed by pumping within 24 hours or less. 154 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 250. Joseph Kuhn. NWJ£SEJ£ sec. 26, T. 5 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 4»/2 feet square and 19 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is edge of 2-inch plank, 0.5 foot above land surface and 181.47 feet»above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 10...... 167. 45 179. 03 JulyS.- _ Oct. 16--...._. 167. 45 Jan. 13...... 179. 40 Apr. 13 . 178. 82 171.84 Oct. 24_. ______167. 39 Jan. 20.. ...___ 180. 20 Apr. 20_. ______178. 58 July 20. _._.._ 170. 97 Oct. 28...... 167. 53 Jan. 24_. ...___ 179. 15 Apr. 27__. .____ 177. 38 170. 90 167. 51 Feb. 3______176. 8fi 170.02 Nov. 11 _____ 167. 63 Feb. 10____..._ 178. 66 May 11.... . 176. 42 Aug. 10_._____ 169. 78 Nov. 18______._ 167. 91 Feb. 17...... 178. 32 May 18__._. ___ 176. 79 Aug. 17.. _._._. 169. 35 167. 90 Feb. 24_. -____. 178.32 176.07 169. 07 169. 66 179. 09 175.15 Aug. 31.-.--... 168.90 Dec. 17__._.___ Mar. 9...... 179. 05 174.72 170. 47 Mar. 16.. _____ 178. 86 174. 50 Sept. 14 168.49 Dec. 31. ____._. 170. 63 Mar. 23______179. 16 173. 89 Sept. 21-... 168. 47 Mar. 30_. .__.._ 178. 95 June 29-.-. .... 173. 08 Sept. 28 167. 90

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

254. J. P. Landen. SEJ£NEJ£ sec. 8, T. 5 S., R. 1. W. Domestic well, dug 30 inches in diameter and 18 feet deep, culvert-pipe casing with concrete collar. Measuring point is top of concrete collar at south side, 2.8 feet above land surface and 183.95 feet' above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 168. 25 171.47 Mar. 30__...__. 177.95 July 8-- _-_. 170. 27 168.48 Jan. 13. .-__-._ 173. 67 177. 73 July 13...... 170. 78 Oct. 24...... 168. 55 Jan. 20_-__.____ 175. 28 Apr. 13. __._.._ 177. 33 July 20...... 170.51 168. 23 Jan. 27_ ___.--. 174. 10 Apr. 20____. ___ 17fi. 37 168. 27 Feb. 3 - 174. 47 Apr. 27.----. 175. 73 170. 13 NOV. n...... Feb. 7. ._____._ 174 84 175. 02 168. 21 Feb. 10. ___.... 174.90 167. 88 Feb. 17_. ______175.67 174. 60 Aug. 24. _.____. 169. 64 167. 97 Feb. 24__.__.__ 175. 53 May 25______173. 73 Auer. 31- -.. 169. 43 168. 16 Feb. 28 177. 56 172.64 168.01 Mar. 2______172. 26 Sept. 14___._.__ 169. 63 T.OP ^n 172. 15 Sept. 21 Mar 16...... 177.95 June 22 _ .. ... 171. 39 Sept. 28 ..... 169.20 171. 6fi

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 258. Prudential Insurance Co. (formerly B. F. Shrock). NEJ£NWJ£ sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 1 W. Unused well, dug 36 inches in diameter and 29 feet deep, at northwest corner of residence. Well receives run- jff from roof of residence, so that water level is not reliable during rainy season. Measuring points: Top of brick curb, south side, 0.5 foot above land surface and 196.42 feet above mean sea level; beginning October 10, 1935, top face of concrete sidewalk over well, through hand hole, 196.02 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1935 1935 168.5 Sept. 24______._ 168.6 Oct. 3...... -- 169. Oi Dec. 31. _ 169. 45 Oct. 20__._____ 167. 97 Oct. 26_. ______168. 17 Oct. 10__._____ 168. 62 168.7 Nov. 29. .__.. Oct. 16.-..---- 168.53 1936 Dec. 30______Oct. 24______168. 52 169.00 177. 13 Nov. 4 ______168. 02 Nov. 11 _ _ _ _ 169. 74 Jan. 20_ ...... 176. 63 172. 07 Mar. 2_..______176. 17 Dec. 3. _ _ _ _ 166. 82 173.7 Mar. 30______. 175. 77 Dec. 9. ______167.94 167. 72 169.9 July 25_. ______Dec. 23_. _ ___ 167. 56

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 155

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1988-30 and 1935-36 Con. 259. Prudential Insurance Co. (formerly B. F. Shrock). NEJ£NW% sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 1 W. Domestic and stock well, drilled 4 inches in diameter and 137 feet deep, in pump house 15 feet west of well 258. Measuring point is top of 4-inch casing, 0.5 foot above land surface and 196.24 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level ' Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1935 1935 1936 . Sept. 24. ... . 157.5 Oct. 3...... 157. 55 Dec. 23 157. 18 May 25 ____ 160.79 6 157. 04 Oct. 10. ------157. 46 157. 56 July 13- - 160.04 Nov. 29 - 155. 74 Oct. 16 . 157. 41 158.26 159. 44 Oct. 24__- - 157.44 1936 Sept. 14 ----- 156.86 156.84 1930 157.44 159. 87 156. 62 157. 16 164. 87 Feb. 2------.. 160.44 Nov. 18 157. 24 Feb. 10-- 160.29 Mar. 2 . 162. 44 156. 62 158. 82 Mar. 30 . 162. 39 157. 64 Mar. 16 162. 77 Apr. 27- 162. 14 Dec. 17. - 157. 44 Apr. 13 162.44 July 25...... 159. 44

2 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well a short time prior to measurement.

260. Prudential Insurance Co. NE^NWM sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 1 W. Unused well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 27 feet deep, brick curb. Beginning Jan. 20, 1936, a substitute for well 258, which is ab out 650 feet to the south. Measuring point is top of brick curb, level with land surface and 193.87 feet 2 above mean sea level

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Jan. 20 _ 172. 47 Mar. 9. ____ 178. 13 May 18 . 173.90 July 28.-- 169. 74 Jan. 27 179. 74 177. 92 May 25 . ... 173. 53 Aug. 3 169.54 Jan. 31 178. 65 Mar. 23 177. 70 172. 81 / 169. 40 Feb. 3- 175. 99 Mar. 30 - 177. 97 172. 37 Aug. 17 169. 12 Feb. 7- 177. 39 Apr. 6. ....- - 177.79 171. 98 Aug. 24.. __ . 168.90 Feb. 10 175. 13 177. 57 171. 43 169. 85 Feb. 17 175. 19 Apr. 20 176. 70 171. 10 Sept. 8 ...... 169.60 Feb. 24 177. 12 Apr. 27 176. 18 July 8-- 170. 89 Sept. 14...... 168. 27 Feb. 28 177. 53 174. 82 170. 23 168. 10 Mar. 2...... 177. 97 May 11.. _ ... 174. 22 July 20.-- 170. 03 167. 96

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

283. I. O. O. F. Hall. SE^NEM sec. 8, T. 6 S., R. 5 W. Domestic well, dug 36 inches in diameter and 27 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring points: Top of box curb, 3.1 feet above land surface and 184.10 feet above mean sea level; beginning February 1936, top of 2-inch plank cover, through bored hole at center, 1.0 foot above land surface and 181.94 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 Sept. 24 163.8 Mar. 30 179. 15 177. 03 Aug. 3 . 179. 37 176. 21 Aug. 10 167. 74 1936 Apr. 13- 178. 65 174. 91 Aug. 17 167. 25 Apr. 20 178. 24 174. 18 Feb. 24 179. 40 Apr. 27. 178. 01 172. 75 Aug. 31 ..... 166.97 Mar. 2 179. 10 May 4...... 177. 76 July 6.- .. 172. 11 Sept. 8- __ ... 164.71 178. 94 May 11 -- 177. 70 July IS.... 170. 61 Sept. 14. . 164.88 Mar. 16 179. 75 MlaylS... 177. 43 July 20.. - 170. 06 Sept. 21 ..... 164.02 Mar. 23 . 178. 80 177. 70 169. 87 163.87

'Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

408526 i2 156 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 284. Frank M. MeCann. SWM.NWM see. 11, T. 6 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, bored 6 inches in diameter and 29 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. Measuring points: Top of easing, 1.9 feet above land surface and 187.18 feet above mean sea level; beginning February 1936, top of easing (cut-off), 0.8 foot above land surface and 180.39 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 169.8 Mar. 30 - 184.08 180. 82 174. 45 Apr. 16- ... 184.17 179. 36 Aug. 10 172. 87 1936 Apr. 13 182. 95 179. 16 Aug. 17 172. 76 178. 26 172. 32 Feb. 19------177. 75 Apr. 27.- ... 182. 17 June 29 177. 47 Aug. 31 172. 00 Feb. 24 185. 34 181. 87 July 6. 177.02 Sept. 8 169. 32 Mar. 2_ --_ 185.82 May 11 July 13... 175. 61 Sept. 14- 169. 18 Mar. 9 -. 183. 99 May 18 181. 07 July 20- 175. 03 Sept. 21 -... 169. 62 Mar. 16. - 183.97 May 25 - 180. 51 July 27-. 174.90 Sept. 28 i 169. 30 Mar. 23 ..... 183. 35

> Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

291. Robert Cole. NEMSEJ4 sec. n( T. 6 S., R. 3 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 3 feet in diameter and 22.5 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 4-ineh plank deck, through bored hole, 0.9 foot above land surface and 122.76 feet * above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 100. 69 Jan. 21...... 106.44 Apr. 14 102. 18 July 14. 100. 57 Nov. 12 . 99.56 104. 76 Apr. 20 . 101. 57 July 21... 100.50 Nov. 19 100. 08 Feb. 4_ 103. 97 Apr. 28 101. 50 July 28-... 100. 33 Dee. 3- 99.58 Feb. 11. ... 103. 38 100. 83 100. 29 99.78 102. 74 May 12 . 100. 49 Aug. 11 100. 22 Dee. 17. ------99.78 Feb. 24....--.. 103. 14 101. 18 Aug. 18 100. 21 Dee. 24- ... 99.97 103. 17 101. 11 Aug. 24. ___ 99.82 100. 52 1ft9 nn 100. 52 99.89 Mar 16 102. 58 100. 97 Sept. 9 100. 75 1936 Mar 24 103. 43 101. 50 Sept. 15 - 100. 68 Mar 31 102. 09 100. 95 Sept. 22...... 100. 57 101. 04 July 9--.- 100. 64 Sept. 29 99.97

« Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

293. Nick Valieeh. SEHNWJ4 see. 23, T. 6 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, dug 3 feet in diameter and 75.3 feet deep. Measuring point is top of concrete deck, at east side of 5^-inch hole, 0.4 foot above land surface and 181.41 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Nov. 5.-.-.... 110. 76 Jan. 21...... 117. 56 Apr. 20 --- 111. 26 July 21. . 110. 69 Nov. 12--. . 110.74 m CQ 111. 12 July 28-. 110. 71 Nov. 19.- 110. 69 Feb. 4.-. . 112. 86 110.30 110. 69 110. 51 113. 51 May 12 110. 19 Aug. 11 110. 71 Dee. 10- 110. 69 Feb. 19- 111.94 Aug. 18. 110. 61 Dec. 17 110. 81 Feb. 24 112 47 111.06 110. 54 111. 03 Mar. 3 -- 113. 75 110. 28 Sept. 1. .. _ ... 109. 32 Dee. 31. __ 111. 30 113. 16 110. 91 Sept. 9 109. 41 Mar. 16-..--.. 111. 99 110. 93 Sept. 15.__ 109. 27 1936 Mar. 24-... 111. 68 June 23. _ __ 109. 90 Sept. 22- . 109. 21 Mar. 31-- 112. 08 109. 72 Sept. 29- -. 108. 03 112. 52 Apr. 7 112.26 July 9.... 110. 41 Jan. 14 __ . 115. 46 July 14. . 110. 51

» Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 157 TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

295. R. J. Hackett. NEMSWM sec. 29, T. 6 S., R. 3 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 5 feet in diameter and 41.6 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, about 2 feet south and 10 inches west of pump, 1.2 feet above land surface and 174.08 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 31-- ... 144.58 149. 55 Apr. 14 165. 34 July 14 144.88 Nov. 5 143. 83 Jan. 13 ...... 170. 61 Apr. 21 5 158. 63 July 21.. 144. 49 Nov. 11 142. 53 Jan. 18--. 167. 95 Apr. 24.. - « 158. 61 July 28--- 142. 99 144. 96 Jan. 27-. 158.53 Apr. 28 « 154. 84 142. 26 Nov. 26 143. 74 Feb. 3_ .... 158. 90 153. 38 A no1 11 144.46 145. 03 Feb. 10 161. 52 May 12 _ 153. 40 Aug. 18. 5 142. 99 146. 20 Feb. 20 - 162. 05 May 19__... _ . 151. 94 Aug. 25-. ------145. 59 Dec. 16...... 145.04 Feb. 25 167. 94 150.44 145. 05 Dec. 23__._--._ 146. 18 Mar. 3 -.-. 164. 89 151. 49 143. 9T Dec. 28 . 146. 41 Mar. 10 164. 92 148. 26 141. 22 Mar. 17 157. 14 147. 20 Sept. 22... . 144.48 1936 Mar. 24 . 148. 30 Mar. 31 165. 08 145. 69 Jan. 4.-....-.. 163. 85 Apr. 7 165. 32 July 7. 145. 10

« Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well.

297. Gideon E. Stolz. SEMSEH sec. 33, T. 6 S., R. 3 W. Irrigation well, drilled 8 inches in diameter and 57 feet deep, in shed west of residence, standard steel casing and concrete-lined pit. Measuring points: Top of casing in pit, 119.56 feet above mean sea level; beginning November 12, 1935, top of timber, through 1-inch bored hole at north edge of pump base, 1.0 foot above land surface and 134.14 feet above mean sea level. Reference bench mark, top of concrete pit curb at northwest corner, 13.70 feet above top of casing and 133.02 feet above mean sea level. Water-stage recorder operated on well from August 3, 1929, to July 24, 1930.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1930 1936 1936 JulyS. 109. 26 Mar. 30 .... 111. 31 Jan. 7__ . 109.52 June 2. _ . .... 110. 91 Aug. 3 ...... 107.26 Apr. 27 109. 71 Jan. 14 -_ 113. 01 106.01 May 29 ._ 109. 16 Jan. 21 ...... 115. 16 Sept. 24___ 105. 47 July 24...... 106. 75 Jan. 28.- 114. 01 June 23- . .... 109. 58 Oct. 23- ---... 105. 07 Feb. 4...... 114. 17 June 30.- __ - 109. 40 Oct. 26...... 1935 Feb. 11...... 113. 49 July9_ - .. 108. 95 Nov. 29 ... 104. 81 Feb. 19. 113. 70 July 14.. 108. 55 Dec. 13. 104.93 Oct. 4...... - 104. 74 Feb. 24.. ... 113. 32 July 21. ...-.-. 109. 17 Oct. 11_- 104. 89 Mar. 3 114. 39 July 28-. 107. 76 109.26 Oct. 16_ ...... 104. 86 114. 55 107. 87 Oct. 24 104. 91 Mar. 16 ..... 113. 78 Aug. 11 _ 1930 Oct. 29. 104. 98 Mar. 24 113. 53 Aug. 18 . 106. 74 Nov. 5 ..... 105. 39 Mar. 31 112. 82 Aug. 25- - Jan. 12_- _ 109. 16 Nov. 12 105. 46 Apr. 7 112. 93 106. 26 Jan. 25 .... 108. 66 Nov. 19 . .- 106. 54 Apr. 14_ 113. 27 Sept. 9-_.__ 106.24 Feb. 2_ .... 108. 71 Dec. 3___. 106. 42 Apr. 21 __ 113. 02 Sept. 15.--. ... 106. 14 Feb. 8 .... 101. 39 Dec. 10 106. 15 Apr. 28 . 112. 17 Sept. 22__ 106. 00 Feb. 16 ... 112. 11 Dec. 17 106. 84 112. 41 Sept. 29----- 105. 78 Feb. 23-. _ -. 112. 86 Dec. 24_-...... 106. 97 May 12 « 110.81 Mar. 2, ...... 113. 22 Dec. 31...... 106. 92 May 19__ ...... 112. 17 Mar. 19...... 111. 79 < 111.38 i 1 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 158 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

302. R. J. Galagher (formerly J. E. Boyce). SEV4NEM sec. 17, T. 6 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 24 inches in diameter and 21 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of casing, at east side, 0.3 foot below land surface and 178.84 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 10... 163. 19 166. 87 Mar. 23 ---. 176. 41 166. 74 Oct. 16-.... 164. 37 Mar. 30 177. 03 JulyS-- 165. 38 Oct. 24...... 163. 18 Jan. 20 177. 27 175. 63 July 13...... 165. 02 Oct. 29...... 164.22 Jan. 24_...... 176. 76 Apr. 14 176. 63 July 28.. __ .. 165. 24 162. 45 175. 52 Aug. 3.-. .. 164. 24 Nov. 12___._ 162. 69 Feb. 3 _ _ 173. 26 172. 00 164.01 Nov. 19...... 162. 60 Feb. 10-.-...-. 173. 21 170. 90 Aug. 17 164. 41 161. 59 Feb. 17.. 172. 19 164. 21 164. 57 Feb. 24..- . 177. 61 169. 28 Aug. 31- 163. 80 Dec. 17 . 162. 52 Mar. 2 177. 34 May 25 .... « 168. 17 163. 63 Dec. 23...... 162. 62 Mar. 9 ...... 176. 46 167. 30 Sept. 14...... 163. 52 Dec. 31- 163. 26 176. 09 165. 89 Sept. 21 . 163.23 163. 74 Sept. 28 163. 02

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. * Pump operating in well.

BOS. Carl Aspinwall. NEJ4SWJ4 sec. 17, T. 6 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 36 inches in diameter and 16 feet deep, in yard 45 feet west of southwest corner of post office and store. Copper nail with washer stamped 6-2-4 in plank well cover. Measuring point is top of plank well cover, at copper nail with washer, 180.5 feet above mean sea level (hand level).

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1928 1929 1929 Sept. 21 Dec 17 169.1 Feb. 3 179.0 173. 70 Oct. 20-. 166.4 Mar. 23 ._ 178.5 July3-_ __ 169. 48 May 12...... 177. 45

305. Nels C. Johnson. NWHSEH sec. 24, T. 6 S., R. 2 W. Stock well, dug 3 feet in diameter and 20 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 2-inch wood deck, through bored hole, 0.5 foot above land surface and 201.66 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 10...... 184. 16 195. 78 201. 66 Julys- 188.85 Oct. 16...... 184. 21 Jan. 14 .- 200. 28 Apr. 13- . 198. 66 July 13.. ... 188. 09 Oct. 24...... 184. 04 Jan. 21 .... 200. 03 Apr. 20. .... 198. 08 July 20- 187. 38 Oct. 29.... 183. 81 Jan. 28 _____ 198. 56 Apr. 27 ... 197. 68 July 28-. __ 187. 26 183. 82 Feb. 4...... 198. 71 197. 28 Aug. 3...... 186. 63 Nov 12 183. 96 Feb. 11 May 11 196. 55 186. 27 Nov. 19 184. 08 Fob 19 May 18 ...... 196. 09 Aug. 17 185. 63 183. 52 Feb. 24 200. 13 195. 62 Aug. 24- ...... 185. 29 186.44 Mar. 3 ..... 199. 36 194. 44 Aug. 31 185. 07 Dec. 23 . 185. 91 199. 05 194. 27 Sept. 8- ...... 184. 99 Dec. 28.... 186. 39 Mar. 16 199. 14 193. 64 Sept. 14 185. 22 Dec. 31 ...... 188. 36 Mar. 23 _ .. 198. 97 June 22 ...... 192. 21 Sept 21...... 184. 47 Mar. 30 ..... 200. 08 191. 47 Sept. 28 184. 25

«Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 159

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-SO and 1935-36 Con.

318. Fred Lucht. NWHSWJ4 sec. 1, T. 6 S., R. 1 E. Stock well, dug 42 inches in diameter and 21 feet deep, in yard 60 feet west of northwest corner of barn. Copper nail with washer stamped 6-1-1 in plank well cover. Measuring point is top of plank well cover at copper nail with washer, 1.0 foot above land surface and 261.38 feet above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 . 1936 Sept. 21 ... .. Oct. 3- 245. 42 Tan 94. May 18 254. 91 Oct. 20-...-. _ Oct. 11-- - 247. 06 Jan. 27 258. 61 254. 32 Oct. 16 247. 70 258. 40 253. 14 1929 Oct. 24-...... Feb. 3 - 257. 76 253. 90 Oct. 28-- - 246. 33 Feb. 7 258. 21 June 15 - 254. 58- July 3. ... 252. 23 245.11 Feb. 10 252. 8» 249. 93 Feb. 17 258. 21 252. 34 Sept. 24 Nov. 18 --- 249 74 Feb. 24 . Julys. 251. 57 Oct. 26-- 246. 57 July 13. _ 251. 35 Nov. 29 245. 13 252. 34 Mar. 2 - 259. 29 July 20 251. 04 Dec. 30_ __ - 258. 18 258. 31 July 28 250. 53 Dec. 23 252 26 249. 93 1930 Dec. 28 252. 97 Mar. 23 257. 77 249. 7f> Dec. 31 258. 20 Mar. 30 259. 73 Aug. 17- 249. 04 Feb. 2 A IT or 94 248.65 Mar. 2__._ . 259. 13 Apr. 13 ----- 257. 54 Aug. 31 247. 10 Mar. 30 ..... 257. 78 Apr. 20-..-.-- 256. 66 Sept. 8 * 246. 79 A r. r O7 Sept. 14 247. 88 July 25-.- OKA «Q 260 06 Sept. 21 247. 76 259. 58 Sept. 28 247. 33

4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 321. J. J. Neufeld. SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 8, T. 7 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 13 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of cover of well housing, at northwest side, 2.6 feet above land surface and 186.54 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 30.-.-- .. 173. 17 182. 05 182. 33 176. 87 172. 45 Apr 14 181. 13 July 14...... 176. 76 Nov. 12 -..._ 183. 01 Apr. 21 181.08 July 21...... Nov. 19 -.-. 172. 10 Apr. 28 179. 82 July 28... . 175. 93 Nov. 27. (14) Jan. 27 .... . 179. 21 Aug. 4 ..... 175. 79 (H) Feb. 3 ... .. 181. 85 Aug. 11 171.88 Feb. 10__ - TV/To T7 1Q 178. 11 Aug. 18 17J>. 72 171. 93 Feb. 20_ . 182. 03 178. 08 Aug 25 171; oo 178. 32 183. 37 178. 00 Sept. 1 ...... 174. 78 Dec. 28. 179. 55 Mar. 3 177. 35 Sept. 9 174. 73 Dec. 30 182. 16 Mar. 10 .-- 181. 89 177. 46 Mar. 17 177. 12 Aug. 22 173. 61 176. 86 Aug. 29 ... - 173. 48 182. 29

»Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. " Well dry. 160 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, ORE<5.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1988-80 and 1935-36 Con. 323. Wm. C. Palmer. NEHSWJ4 sec. 19, T. 7 8., R. 4 W. Stock well, bored 4 inches in diameter and 21.1 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. About 235 feet north of well 322, in which the ground-water level was measured once in 1928 and again hi 1935. Measuring point is top of casing, level with land surface and 186.77 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 28.. 179. 92 184. 59 Apr. 7. _____ 185. 69 July 7. 183. 15 Nov. 6 ___ __ 179. 15 Jan. 13 -.--.. 186. 40 Apr. 14 185. 74 July 14..- .. 182. 04 Nov. 12 179. 68 185. 87 185. 76 182. 40 Nov. 19 ----- 6 177. 97 Jan. 27 . 183. 74 Apr. 28-. 184. 92 July 28.. . 182. 08 Nov. 27.- .... 179.07 Feb. 3...... 182. 60 185. 38 182. 06 Dec. 3...... 178. 81 Feb. 10 185. 30 A no- 11 181. 89 Dec. 10. .... 181. 09 Feb. 20------. 185. 41 185. 06 Aug. 18____ . 181. 48 Dec. 17.. 181.06 Feb. 25---...-. 186. 30 184. 49 Aus. 25 _ -_-__ 181.66 Dec. 23 - 181. 38 184. 48 179. 52 Dec. 30...... 184.70 Mar. 10 .. . 185. 44 184. 11 Sept. 9 .... 179. 36 185. 34 184. 41 178.41 Mar. 23 . 185. 47 June 23_ _ _.__ 184. 59 Sept. 22... _____ 180. 74 Mar. 31- 185. 66 183. 31 180.48

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well. 327. Lauren Stettler. N WJ4SEJ4 sec. 1, T. 7 S., R. 3 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 3 feet in diam­ eter and 19.6 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, at east side, 1.0 foot above land surface and 152.85 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 133. 15 Jan. 21 135. 94 Apr. 21 135. 28 July 14-. 134.46 Nov. 12_...__.. 133. 60 Jan. 28- Apr. 28- . 135. 89 July 21_. _.-_.. 134. 37 Nov. 19 . 133. 85 Feb. 4___ _ 136. 22 135.58 July 28------133. 45 Dec. 3 133. 82 Feb. 11_ ____ 135. 68 May 12 . 135. 03 133. 73 134. 16 Feb. 19._._ _ _ 135. 08 Aug. 11 133.61 Dec. 17- . 134. 16 Feb. 25 .. 137. 23 135. 32 Aug. 18.. -_..__ 131. 67 Dec. 24. .._.-- 134. 30 Mar. 3. -._.. 137. 92 134. 41 Aug. 25__ _ __. (4) 134. 06 Mar. 10.. ____ 138. 11 135. 48 Aug. 29 - 129.20 134. 36 Sept. 1 --._ 129. 46 1936 Mar. 24 .. 137. 74 133. 85 Sept. 15 133. 45 Mar. 31. .. 136. 56 June 30 133. 18 Sept. 22 ______133. 43 135. 60 Apr. 7 136. 69 July9___-._-__ 134. 25 Sept. 29 . 133. 83 Jan. 14 135. 27 Apr. 14 - 136. 15 8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 328. John C. Jackson. NEMNWM sec. 13, T. 7 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, dug 3^ feet in diameter and 35.5 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, at south side, level with land surface and 167.30 feet 2 above sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date ' level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 132. 21 Jan.21__-_ _ Apr. 14. ,_-.___ 135. 78 July 14.. 133. 91 Nov. 12 132. 15 Jan. 28.- 134. 15 Apr. 21. 134. 88 July 21 - 133. 70 132. 20 134. 87 Apr. 28 July 28-.. 135. 45 Dec. 3._ . 132.00 Feb. 4______... 134. 30 134. 70 133. 25 Dec. 10. ------132.00 Feb. 11...... 134. 15 May 12 134. 00 Aug. 11 - 133. 30 134. 22 133. 00 Dec. 24..-.-.. 132. 45 Feb. 25 134. 82 May 26 --. 134. 10 132.80 Dec. 31 . - 132. 30 Mar. 3...... 135.20 134. 40 Sept. 1 132. 45 Mar. 10 m en 134. 76 132. 37 1936 Mar. 17 135. 60 134. 66 Sept. 15- . 132. 34 Mar. 24 ._ 136. 08 134.52 Sept. 22 ..... 132. 09 Jan. 7 ...... 133. 18 Mar. 31- .__ 133.93 Sept. 29 132. 30 Jan. 14-. 139. 75 Apr. 7 ... -- 135. 86 July 9.- 134. 97 ! Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 161

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con. 346. E. O. Armann. NEKSWK sec. 35, T. 7 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, drilled 6 inches in diameter and 28.0 feet deep, tile casing. Measuring point is top of casing, at south side, level with land surface and 179.40 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 157. 14 Jan. 14 171. 71 169. 88 July 14. 155. 91 Nov. 12 160.17 Jan. 21 168. 87 Apr. 14 161. 83 July 21.. 156. 03 Nov. 18 .. 162. 80 Jan. 24 166. 79 Apr. 21.. 161. 03 July 28- 156. 31 Dec. 4. Jan. 28...... 164.49 165. 72 156. 35 Dec. 10.. 164. 40 Jan. 31 1«5. 88 165. 77 Aug. 11 156. 13 Dec. 18- .... 164.16 Feb. 4.--.- . 165. 13 May 12. ---.-_ 165. 23 Aug. 18 . 159. 52 Dec. 24. ._ 163. 16 m 74 AT Q v 1 Q A-i-iff OK 159. 48 Dec. 28_ .... 163. 65 Feb. 19...... 164.86 < 156. 10 159. 36 Dec. 31...... 165.88 Feb. 25 166. 65 159. 75 Sept. 9 161. 44 Mar. 3 . --- 169. 08 157. 35 Sept. 15 161.29 1936 Mar. 10 157. 42 Sept. 22 161. 14 Mar. 17 * 163. 75 161. 65 Sept. 29.. _ ... 160.71 Jan. 7 167.88 156. 63 Jan. 10 . 169. 15 Mar. 31-. 169. 76 July 9-. 161. 32

2 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. * Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals.

347. D. A. Steflen. SEJ£SWM sec. 1, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 6 feet in diameter and 33 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of pump platform, 0.5 foot above land surface and 199.41 feet * above sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1935 1936 1936 Oct. 10.- 178. 51 Dec. 23 178. 70 Jan. 21 ... 196. 52 Mar. 16 195. 97 Oct. 16- 177. 06 178. 83 Feb 4 (">) Oct. 24- 176. 61 Feb. 11 194. 79 Oct. 29- _ 177. 09 1936 Feb. 19 194. 63 Nov. 5 177. 11 Feb. 25. ------196. 94 Nov. 19 176. 71 191.50 196. 50 Nov. 17 . _ . 178. 56 Jan. 14... __ _ 197. 17 196. 38

2 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. 18 Discontinued as observation well.

350. Oscar Meyer (formerly R. J. Janz). SEHSEJ4 sec. 12, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 8 feet in diameter and 46.2 feet deep, dry masonry curb. Measuring points: Top of porch floor at northwest corner of trap door, 1.5 feet above land surface and 225.67 feet 2 above mean sea level; 224.70 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1036 1936 1936 Sept. 13 182.9 219. 04 Apr. 13 211. 39 July 13- 184. 29 210: 40 July 28. 183.65 1935 Feb. 4 < 212. 32 Apr. 27- 210. 15 Aug. 3 181. 81 Feb. 11 212. 90 206.19 Aug. 10. ___ . 181.48 179. 32 Feb. 19 213. 47 205.63 Aug. 17 181.98 Dec. 23-..-.--. 179.29 Feb. 25 219. 59 May 18 202.09 Aug. 31 181.09 Dec. 31 179. 53 Mar. 3 .. 218. 39 181. 15 217. 82 196. 09 Sept. 14 181. 17 1936 Mar. 16... _ .. 214. 14 193. 63 Sept. 21 180.89 Mar. 23 . 214.20 192. 81 Sept. 28 179. 63 Jan. 7-..- 199. 59 Mar. 30 -. 215. 10 191. 83 Jan. 14 . 220.92 215. 10 Julys... 185. 39

8 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed inordinately by large withdrawals. 162 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 351. Cole (formerly Paul Zirkel). NWJ4NWJ4 sec. 15, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 4 feet square and 24 feet deep with brick curb, bored to total depth of about 32 feet. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, through bored hole, 0.3 foot above land surface and 191.60 feet J above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Sept. 14.. __ - 171.1 Oct. 4_ __ ... 169. 03 Jan. 21.. ... 171. 12 May 25 171.62 Oct. ll-___. 168.96 171. 75 171. 00 1929 Oct. 16. 168. 94 Feb. 4_--_. 171. 83 170. 91 Oct. 24. 168. 46 171.28 171. 85 July 3...... 170.9 Oct. 29__ . IRQ CO 172. 02 171. 65 169. 65 Nov. 5 Feb. 25 172. 72 June 29 ___ _ 170. 48 Sept. 24_. .... 168. 68 Nov. 12 168 20 Mar. 2 __ ... 173. 18 Julys... 170. 86 Oct. 26 ...... 168. 20 Nov. 19 _ . 168. 23 Mar. 9 __ 173. 37 July 13.. 170. 61 Nov. 29-...-.-. 167. 95 173. 62 July 20... 168. 70 Dec. 30. - 168. 75 168. 22 Mar. 23. 173. 02 July 28 170. 15 Dec. 17. __ ... 168. 15 Mar. 30. ___ . 173. 69 170. 17 1930 Dec. 23 ...... 168. 81 Apr. 6_ ... - 173. 60 Aug. 10 _ ----- 169. 85 Apr. 13 173. 44 Aug. 17... .. 169. 67 Feb. 2 __ 169. 30 173. 48 Aug. 24. 169. 59 Mar. 2 ____ 171.35 1936 Apr. 27 173. 30 Aug. 31 168. 48 Mar. 30 . __ .. 171. 95 Sept. 8___ 169. 14 Apr. 27.. .- 171. 90 172. 12 Sept. 14.. . 169. 02 July25__ - 169. 97 Jan. 14...... 170. 04 May 18. ___ . 172. 13 Sept. 21.-. 169. 09 168.99

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

352. Fred Scharf. NEJ4NWJ4 see. 18, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. Stock well, bored 6 inches in diameter and 38 feet deep, in yard northwest of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 7-2-4 in well cover. Measur­ ing point, top of wooden well cover at copper nail with washer, 1.0 foot above land surface and 182 feet above mean sea level (altimeter).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 Sept. 14... .. ___ .... _____ . _ . 164.5 Feb. 3...... 179.2 Oct. 20. ______. ______...... 162.6 Mar. 23... ______. _ ... ____ 179.7 Dee. 16 . ______172.2 May 12 ______176.6

355. J. Grant. SWJ4SEJ4 sec. 28, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 3 feet in diameter and 35 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point, top of 2-inch plank deck, through bored hole, 0.6 foot above land surface and 229.70 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 10- 198. 10 Jan. 7.-- ... 212. 92 Apr. 7 224. 00 July 9 213. 82 Oct. 16- 198. 31 Jan. 14...... 224. 18 Apr. 14 220. 84 July 14 208. 51 Oct. 24- 198. 15 Jan. 21..-.-... 223. 98 Apr. 21 219. 45 July 21.. 206. 55 Oct. 29_ 197. 21 Jan. 28.- 218. 91 Apr. 28. ___ . 218. 88 July 28 . 205. 72 Nov. 5 196.92 Feb. 4-._ .... 218. 93 205. 86 Nov. 12 .... 197. 20 Feb. 11...... 217. 82 May 12 218. 37 Aug. 11 ... 205. 51 Nov. 19 _ 197. 75 Feb. 19 219. 15 May 19.._, _ . 217. 98 Aug. 18. 202. 85 Dec. 3.- _ . 199. 01 Feb. 25 ...... Mav26 218. 48 203. 30 Dec. 10 200 00 Mar. 3 222. 25 217. 52 Sept. 1__ 202. 24 Dec. 17.. ... 200. 60 999 44 216. 74 Sept. 9... . 202. 31 Dec. 24 200. 73 Mar. 17 216. 98 Sept. 15 _ -. 202. 23 Dec. 31. .... 201. 22 Mar. 24_ . .... 219.98 214. 95 Sept. 22...... 202. 11 Mar. 31 223. 95 214. 13 Sept. 29...... 201. 95

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 163

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

365. Clow. NWHNWH sec. 7, T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 3 feet in diameter and 15.3 feet deep brick curb. Measuring point, top of 2-inch plank deck at west side of pump pipe, 0.6 foot above land sur­ face and 208.4 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 30- 194. 05 Jan. 8_. _ _.. 206. 09 Apr. 7. 205. 86 July 7... 201.79 Nov. 6. .... 192. 20 Jan. 14...... 206. 64 Apr. 14 205. 82 July 14... . 202.20 Nov. 12 193. 88 Apr. 21 204. 91 July 21 200.71 Nov. 19..-. 194. 15 205. 27 Apr. 28...... 204. 56 July 28 199. 91 Nov. 27 194. 00 Feb. 4 203. 72 204. 21 199. 67 Dec. 3.---.--.. 193.88 Feb. ll _. 205. 52 May 12 204 24 Aug. 11 198.93 Dec. 10 196. 47 Feb. 20 - 205. 49 May 19 204. 27 Aug. 18 198.84 Dec. 17... .. 196. 43 Feb. 25 May 26 _ 203. 95 Aug. 25_ ' 198. 76 Dec. 24 . 200. 00 Mar. 3__. ______205. 84 203. 47 Sept. l _ 197. 13 Dec. 28...... 200. 00 Mar. 10 206. 28 203.00 Sept. 9.. 196. 27 Dec. SO...... 205. 87 Mar. 17 205. 56 June 16. ___ . 202. 85 Sept. 15. .... 195.88 202. 01 Sept. 22.. 195. 40 Mar. 31 _ 205. 97 June 30.-- . 202. 10 Sept. 29. ----- 194.80

3 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

366. Park Franks. NEJ^NEM sec. 9, T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 6 inches in diameter and 30 feet deep, in pasture 60 feet east of gate. Destroyed in March 1929. Measuring point is top of tile casing, 0.4 foot above land surface and 165.5 feet above mean sea level (hand level).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 Sept. 11 . . _ 140.6 Feb. 3...... 148. 85 Oct. 22...... Dec. 16. ------_

367.rE. Lauderback. NEMNEJ4 sec. 9, T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, bored 4 inches in diameter and 27 feet deep, stovepipe casing. Measuring point is top of casing, 2.0 feet above land surface and 167.34 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 28_.__ _ 140. 30 Apr. 7. -- 147. 92 July 7..- - 141.81 140. 14 Jan. 14.. ___ 145. 55 Apr. 14.. 147. 96 July 14 _ 141. 58 Nov. 12... 1.17 on 147. 21 July 21... -- 142.40 Nov. 19 139. 96 Apr. 28.. 5 145. 82 July 28 4 140. 78 Nov. 27 139. 95 Feb. 4__ ...... _ 146. 53 145. 27 140. 72 140.06 144. 49 140. 63 Dec. 10 139. 92 Fob. 20-.. .. 147. 83 144. 40 Aug. 18 144.90 Dec. 17 Feb. 25-.. 1 ^ft Q9 143. 58 141. 94 Dec. 24 __ ... 138. 44 142. 96 Sept. 1 .. 112. 18 141. 46 Sept. 9 141. 34 147. 87 142. 15 Sept. 15. 141.40 147. 11 142. 02 Sept. 22 . _ - 141. 96 Mar. 31 148. 12 142. 86 Sept. 29 141. 93

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. * Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 6 Pump operating in well. 164 GROUND WATER OF WTLLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 370. O. L. Foster. NEJ4SWH sec. 21, T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, drilled 3 inches in diameterand 33.5 feet deep, in yard south of residence. Casing stamped 8-4-2 on east side. Measuring point is top of casing at highest point, 0.9 foot above land surface and 160.fi feet above mean sea level (altimeter). On September 11, 1928, the water level was 133.55 feet; July 11, 1929, 135.50 feet; August 3, 1929, 134.51 feet. 374. J. W. Kelley estate. NWHNEJ4 sec. 29 T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, dug 3 feet in diameterand 27.5 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of iron bar spanning well, at south side, level with land surface and 174.03 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 28. 154. 38 154.64 Apr. 7 171. 62 July?-. 160. 85 Nov.6_...... 154. 03 Jan. 14_ 173. 03 Apr. 14 171. 69 July 14 160.46 Nov. 12...... 1 W Q7 Jan.21 - m fin Apr. 21 . 170.90 July21__ _ 159. 79 Nov. 19 Apr. 28 170. 09 July 28- - 159. 26 Nov.27 __ 153. 62 Feb. 4..-.. . 171. 94 168.74 159.00 172. 14 May 12-. . 167. 35 Aue. 11 158. 82 153. 51 Feb. 20. 172. 06 167. 31 Aug. 18 157. 57 Dec. 17.. ...--- 153. 56 Feb. 25-.--..-. 173. 03 165. 64 Aug. 25 157. 07 Mar. 3 ... 179 QQ 164. 83 156.96 Deo.31...... Mar. 10 . 172. 23 164.11 Sept. 9 .. .- 156. 79 Mar. 17 172. 19 163. 26 Sept. 15 157. 01 Mar. 24-_._..__ 171.87 June 23 ____ 163. 12 Sept. 22 156. 72 171. 84 161. 58 Sept. 29 . 156. 60

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

377. P. O. Burbank. NWJ4NWH sec. 31, T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Domestic well, dug 3^ feet in diameterand 25.5 feet deep, brick curb with concrete collar. Measuring point is top of 2- by 4-inch timber frame, north side of well housing, 7.8 feet above land surface and 218.68 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 30-.- 196. 24 207. 71 Mar. 31 . 207. 47 July? 200.90 207. 49 July 14.. _ 200.66 Nov. 12 197.20 205.80 July 21.-- _ 199. 92 Nov. 19 197. 25 Jan. 21 ...... 207. 27 Apr. 28 203.82 July28-_ - 199. 89 Nov.27 197. 07 203.67 198.20 Dec. 3 196. 85 Feb. 4 ... 205.94 May 12 203.03 Aug. 11 199. 68 Dec. 10 ____ _ 197.25 Feb. 11 203.39 Aug. 18 199. 11 Dec. I? 198. 91 Feb. 20 _._.. 205.54 May 26 203.14 Aug. 25- __ -_ 199. 49 Dec. 24- --. 198. 75 202.89 Sept. 1 __ ----- 199. 29 Dec. 31 .. 203.99 Mar. 3 ...... 207.31 202.28 Sept. 9 199. 16 Mar. 10 206.09 201.84 Sept. 15 . 199. 22 201.71 Sept. 22. 198. 48 201. 40 Sept. 29- ... 198. 37

J Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 165

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con. 394. SloperBros. SEJ^NEJ^sec. 11, T. 9S., R.4 W. Unused well, drilled 8 inches in diameterand32feet deep, standard steel casing, in field 760 feet northeast of American Bottom School. Copper nail with washer stamped 9-4-4 in wood casing cap. Measuring point is top of casing flange, 1.0 foot above land surface and 157.93 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 141.4 Oct. 5...... 140.39 143. 40 May 26...... 145. 91 Oct. 12. . 140.37 Jan. 21 153.08 145. 95 1Q9Q 140.50 151. 49 147.00 Oct. 21. ... 140.54 Feb. 4...... 149. 21 June 16_ ...... 144. 57 Sept. 26... _ .. 141.18 Oot. 28. . 140.45 Feb. 11..--.... 149. 64 June 23,...... 144.72 Oct. 27_-._ . 140. 88 Nov. 6...... 140.33 Feb. 20...... 148. 82 June 30.. _. 143. 95 Nov. 29 140.68 Nov. 12..- ..... 140. 38 Feb. 25...... 153. 42 July7 143.54 147. 23 Nov. 19 140.91 Mar. 3_...... 150.04 July 14...... 143. 10 Nov. 27 . 141. 15 149. 40 142. 84 1930 141.09 147. 96 July 28.- - 142. 34 141.06 Mar. 24 .. 147. 17 141. 95 Feb. 2...... 146.08 Dec. 17 141. 76 Mar. 31...... 147. 22 Aug. 11 141. 67 Mar. 2_...... IfiO. 38 141. 73 Apr. 7... 147. 39 Aug. 18 .... 141. 45 Mar. 30.. ..____ 146. 48 Dec. 31. ._._-._ 142. 19 Apr. 14 146.54 Aug. 25...... 141. 17 Apr. 27...... 144. 83 146. 51 140.00 May 27 ..... 144. 68 146.50 Sept. 9. __ - . 140.82 July 23.----.-. 142. 30 146. 09 Sept. 15 140.52 146. 17 Sept. 22 140. 61 146. 09 Sept. 29...... 140.44 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 396. SusanNash. SWMSWM sec. 23, T.9S., R.4 W. Domestic well, dug 30.9 feet deep. Measuring point is top of well deck, through bored hole at east side, 1.0 foot above land surface and 239.68 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)'

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 25..- 213. 78 222. 59 Apr. 7...... 237. 50 July 7 227. 09 Oct. 28.--.-. 214. 03 Jan. 14 229. 11 Apr. 14...... 236. 36 « 224. 65 Nov. 6...... 214. 12 Jan. 21 237. 79 Apr. 21 235. 29 July 21-. 224.40 Nov. 12 .. 213. 73 Jan. 28 .... _ . 237. 11 Apr. 28...... July 28-._. ... Nov. 19 213. 66 Feb. 4 .... . 236. 52 234. 24 220.39 Nov. 27 .. 212. 87 Feb. 11...... 236.62 May 12...... 234. 71 Aug. 11 « 218. 29 Dec. 3__ _ ... 212. 49 Feb. 20 236.42 233. 44 Aug. 18 218. 16 Dec. 10. .. 213. 16 Feb. 25 ... 238.40 233. 51 217. 48 Dec. 17.. -- . 212. 77 Mar. 3 ...... 237. 39 233. 60 217.26 Dec. 24_. -_.__. 213. 41 Mar. 10 ...... 236. 97 231. 69 215. 77 Dec. 31.. 221. 28 Mar. 17 236. 46 230. 95 215. 84 Mar. 24...- . 236. 07 June 23 ...... 230. 37 Sept. 22 215.56 Mar. 31 .... 237. 47 228. 37 215. 21 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 404. Addie Harman. NW^SEM sec. 27, T. 9 S., E. 4 W. Domestic and stock, well dug 3 feet in diameter and 30.8 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, through bored hole near southeast side of hand pump, 0.5 foot above land surface and 216.76 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Dec. 18 198. 32 Feb. 20.. ... 211.85 208.68 203. 11 Dec. 31 202.58 Feb. 25 215. 97 * 205. 70 201.37 Mar. 3. .-. 214. 19 207.18 200.35 1936 Mar. 10 212. 75 205.47 198.40 Mar. 17-..-.-. 210. 62 206.46 Aug. 18 .... 198. 09 Jan. 8 _ . .... 202.10 Mar. 24 ...- 210.20 205.43 196.38 Jan. 14 .. 215.88 Mar. 31 210. 74 205.22 Sept. 1 - 194. 70 Jan. 21 .- 214. 65 Apr. 7 210. 78 205.38 Sept. 9 . 200.17 Jan. 28 _ . ... 213. 43 Apr. 14...... 210. 17 202.59 Sept. 15. 198. 40 Feb. 4...... 212. 03 Apr. 21 209.22 203. 72 Sept. 22 198. 62 Feb. 11 __ 211. 59 Apr. 28.. __ _ 208. 94 July 14... . 203. 09 Sept. 29 . 198. 44 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 166 GROUND WATER OP WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 405. Alfred Flickinger. NE^SWJ^ sec. 31, T. 9 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, bored 4 inches in diameter and 28.9 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank cover, level with land surface and 207.61 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 202. 32 205. 98 Julys. . 202. 06 Oct. 30_ 194.58 204. 97 Apr. 15 205. 80 July 15... _ .. 201.20 Nov. 6 ...... 194. 86 Jan. 21. ....- 206. 08 Apr. 22 205. 83 July 22...- . 200. 29 Nov. 12..... 195. 01 Jan. 28-...-... 205. 79 Apr. 29 205. 80 July 29 - 199.64 Nov. 19.. ----- 195. 09 Feb. 4 _ 205. 54 205. 04 199.60 Nov. 29.. - 194. 91 Feb. 11 204. 64 May 12 205. 01 Aug. 12 .... 198. 42 Dec. 4...... 195. 10 Feb. 20 198. 37 Dec. 11 198. 57 Feb. 26.- _ 207 21 May 27. 204. 55 196. 21 Dec. 18.. - 199. 48 Mar. 3 ...... 207. 18 204. 43 Sept. 2.-. ._ 195. 98 Dec. 24...... 199. 22 Mar. 10. 206. 32 204. 37 Sept. 10--. 195. 83 Dec. 31 201. 14 Mar. 17 _ .---. 205. 13 203. 54 fept. 16-. .. 195. 54 Mar. 24 205- 75 June24__._ _ _ 203. 47 Sept. 23_-._-__ 193. 52 Apr. 1_ 206. 00 July 1 . 201. 77 Sept. 30-..--. 193. 34

z Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

409. C. A. Bear. NEJ^NWM sec. 4, T. 9 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, driven 1}^ inches in diameter and 29 feet deep, standard pipe casing. Measuring point is top of IM-inch standpipe, 3.0 feet above land surface and '308.14 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 11. .---.. 299. 20 302. 38 Apr. 7 301. 77 July 9...... _ 299.90 Oct. 16- 299 35 Jan. 14-- 302. 49 Apr. 14 301. 01 July 14.. .. 299. 77 Oct. 24- 299. 36 Jan. 21-..-. .. 302. 00 Apr. 21 _.._ 300. 84 July 21...... 299.60 Oct. 29-. 299. 63 Jan. 28. 300. 97 Apr. 28 ... . 300. 91 July 28 299 46 299. 59 "Feb. 4 300. 56 301. 12 299. 69 Nov. 12 300. 54 Feb. 11 300. 78 May 12___._ 299. 35 Aug. 11.. 299 38 Nov. 19 300. 66 Feb. 19 301. 35 May 19_ _ .--- 299. 51 Aug. 18 . 299. 28 Dec. 4 . 300. 74 Feb. 25 - 302. 99 May 26 _ 300. 74 Aug. 25 299.40 301. 53 Mar. 3. 300. 08 299. 29 Dec. 17 301.40 Mar. 10 301. 69 _.300.65 Sept. 9 __._.__ 299. 55 Dec. 24.. _-_ 301. 31 Mar. 17 - 301. 31 June 16 * 301. 24 Sept. 22.. _ .. 299. 65 301. 94 Mar. 24...... 301. 87 300. 28 Mar. 31 ___ _ 301. 55 300.26

Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

412. George K. Miller. SE^NEM sec. 26, T. 9 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, driven 1}^ inches in diameter and 13.3 feet deep, standard pipe casing. Measuring point is top of 1^-inch standpipe, 2.8 feet above land surface and 350.63 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1935 1936 1936 Oct. 10- 337. 93 338. 27 Jan. 7--. 341. 38 Feb. 11 _. 341. 47 338. 1 1 338. 44 Jan. 14-. . 343. 73 Feb. 19 341. 28 Oct. 24-. ... 338. 05 338, 38 Jan. 21- 343. 35 Feb. 25 343. 86 OH" OQ 338. 44 342. 47 Mar. 3 -.. 340. 85 338. 13 338. 76 Feb. 4. 341. 83 Mar. 10 - 339. 67 Nov. 12 338. 11 Dec. 31 339. 06

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 167

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1985-36 Con. 414. Government Land Bank (Clifl Dormer, lessor). NW^NEJ^sec. 34. T.9S., R. 2 W. Stock well, dug 8 feet square and 18.8 feet deep. Established as observation well in lieu of well 412. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, through crack near draft pipe, 0.4 foot above land surface and 325.14 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Feb. 19__ ...... 315. 19 Apr. 21..----.. 314. 40 June 16. ___ 311. 59 Aug. 11...... 309.86 Feb. 25...... 318. 14 Apr. 28_._-_ __ 313. 36 June 23-...... 311.39 Aug. 18 309. 10 Mar. 3 317. 75 312. 81 311.05 Aug. 25 ____ _ 308. 96 Mar. 10__ ... 316. 24 May 12 312. 60 July 9...... 311. 20 Sept. 1_ ..-.-_ 309.02 Mar. 17- 315. 24 May 19 - 312. 33 July 14..-.--_ 310.90 Sept. 9_ - 310. 32 Mar. 24_...... 312.42 310. 71 310. IT- 315. 00 311. 76 July 28. 310. 34 Sept. 22_ -_ 309. 81 Apr. 7.. ._._.._ 315. 04 311.90 310. 20 Sept. 29-- 310. 23 Apr. 14_...... 314. 72 » Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

415. Mrs. Q. M. H. Brewer. NEJ£NEJ£ sec. 7, T. 9 S., R. 1 W. Unused well, dug 16 feet deep, backfilled around standpipe. Measuring point is top of pump coupling on standpipe, 3.6 feet above land surface and 399.91 feet 2 above mean sea level. Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1933 1936 1936 392. 16 Jan. 21 394. 32 Apr. 14. 392. 55 July 14 390. 97 Oct. 20- 389.2 Jan. 28_ -.... 393. 22 Apr. 21...... 391. 98 July 21...... 390. 74 Feb. 4 ...... 392. 64 Apr. 28-- .. 391. 91 July 28-... . 390.43 1935 Feb. 11 392. 75 391. 64 390. 74 Feb. 19. 393. 69 May 12...... 392. 03 Aug. 11...... 390. 41 Dec. 16 392. 62 Feb. 25 . 394. 26 May 19...... 392. 35 Aug. 18 __ 390. 97 392. 24 Mar. 3._ _ _ . 393. 66 392. 23 391. 09 393. 84 Mar. 10 393. 59 June 2...... 391. 69 Sept. 1 .... 390.87 393. 17 391. 25 Sept. 9 390. 94 1936 Mar. 24...... 393. 83 June 16-- .. 391. 75 Sept. 15 390. 84 Mar. 31 .. 393. 49 June 23 ..... 391. 67 Sept. 22 ... 391. 05 394. 85 9QQ 79 July 9.- 390. 89 Jan. 14 394. 71 * Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

421. Henry Hoefer. SEJ£NW% sec. 12, T. 10 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, dug 24 inches in diameter and 24.5 feet deep, concrete-tile casing, in yard southwest of residence. Measuring point is top of casing, 1.7 feet above land surface and 187.44 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 165. 64 175. 84 166. 94 Sept. 7 ...... 164. 49 May 29 ...... 166. 79 Jan. 14. 178. 12 166. 81 Oct. 20_ .... 165. 55 Jan. 21 171. 79 166. 73 Dec. 17 166.2 Jan. 24-._._ . ... 171. 09 June 23-...... 166. 62 1935 Jan. 28 . 170. 09 166. 33 1929 Jan. 31 . __ 171. 59 JulyQ...... 166. 30 Oct. 4..... _ ICO A A 168. 71 July 14-. . 166. 29 Feb. 23.. . .-. 168.0 Oct. 11...... 163. 24 168. 89 July 21...... 166. 79 Mar. 19 167.3 Oct. 17- - 163. 24 Feb. 20-...- ..- 170. 03 July 28...... 165.63 May 12. 167.7 Oct. 25_---. .. 163. 24 Feb. 25.. ------170. 32 165. 34 167. 14 IRQ 04. Mar. 3 ...... 170. 57 Aug. 11 .... 164. 64 July 3... .--.-_ 166. 64 Nov. 5 171. 12 Aug. 18- 165. 09 165. 79 Nov. 12 __...-- Mar. 17 171. 78 Aug. 25 164. 80 Sept. 24 164. 19 Nov. 20.-- - 163. 14 Mir. 24.. ..---.- 167. 89 Sept. 1 ...... 164. 73 Oct. 26...... 163. 64 Dec 4 163. 44 168. 04 164. 4g Nov. 28...... 163. 29 167. 69 164.69 Dec. 29 -- 167. 74 Dec. 18 162. 69 Apr. 14 167. 79 Sept. 22 .. 163. 91 167. 33 163. 68: 1930 Apr. 28. 167. 49 1936 167. 39 Feb. 2 _ ... .. 167. 94 166. 61 Mar. 2.. .. . 169. 04 166. 29 May 19 ... _ ... 167. 42 Mar. 30 166.79 172. 34 167. 71 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 168 GROUND WATEE OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-SO and 1935-88 Con. 422. A. E. Holmes. NEJ^NEJi sec. 15, T. 10 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, driven 23 feet deep. Measuring point is top of draft pipe (after unscrewing pump, nipple, and coupling), 2.5 feet above land surface and 189.34 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 24...... 172. 51 Jan. 21__ __ .. 177. 50 174. 61 Aug. 18 173. 00 Oct. 29_...... 172. 49 Jan. 28 .... 176. 39 May 12...... 174. 49 172. 41 Nov. 6...... 171. 06 Feb. 4--.-..... 176. 27 174. 80 172. 30 Nov. 12 __ 171.91 Feb. 11...... 176. 35 May 26- - 174. 38 Sept. 9 ...... 172. 79 Nov. 19____ _ . 171. 86 Feb. 20 ..... 177. 41 175. 37 Nov. 27 _ .- 171. 82 Feb. 25 _ 176. 63 174. 21 Sept. 22 ..... 172.54 Dec. 4-.---.... 171. 81 Mar. 3 ...... 176. 65 174. 14 172.43 171. 75 Mar. 10-. 176'. 40 June23_- ... 174. 19 Dec. 17 172. 27 Mar. 17 . 174. 85 Tnno *%.C\ 173. 96 Dec. 24 172. 02 Mar. 24- . . 176. 15 July 7-- 173. 82 Dec. 31-. ... 174. 13 Mar. 31 .... 173. 67 Apr. 7 - 175. 26 July 21..- - 173. 31 1936 Apr. 14_. --.... 175.30 July 28.- 173. 49 Apr. 21.. ... 174 90 Aug. 4 .. 172. 63 Jan. 8 _____ 173.88 Apr. 28. __ .. 174.63 Aug. 11 173. 38

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 425. Southern Pacific Railroad (Wellsdale). NWJ£SWM sec. 17, T. 10 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, dug 6feetin diameter and 28.5 feet deep, octagonal timbercurb. Measuring point is top of 3-inch plank deck, 1.3 feet above land surface and 217.15 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 24. 198. 18 Jan. 14.- 214. 94 Apr. 15 213.88 198. 06 Jan. 21--.- 215. 01 212. 66 July 22. _ .... Nov. 6 ... . 197. 95 213. 98 Apr. 29 212. 58 July 29... - 206. 69 Nov. 12-.- 198. 09 Feb. 4_. ______214. 68 212. 28 206. 32 Nov. 19 198. 23 Feb. 11 213. 88 May 13 ... . 212. 31 Aug. 12 204. 77 198. 10 Feb. 20 213. 52 212. 63 Aug. 19 204.43 197. 98 Feb. 26- _ 214. 79 May 27__ 211. 87 Aug. 26...... 203.08 198. 81 Mar. 3 ------213. 98 211.39 Sept. 2. --.____ 202. 93 Dec 17 200. 12 Mar. 10 213. 94 210. 97 Sept. 10.- 201. 68 200.36 Mar. 17 213. 72 210. 61 Sept. 15--- 201. 36 Dec. 31 211. 39 210. 16 Apr. 1 ... . 213. 29 Julyl 209. 65 200. 66 1936 Apr. 8 --- 213. 33 Julys..- 209. 13

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 426. L. C. Williamson. SEJCNEJ4 sec. 18, T. 10 S.. R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 28.8 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, at south side, 0.3 foot above land surface and 218.44 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 24. 190.04 Jan. 8__ ...... 217. 08 Apr. 1_ ----- 215. 76 Julys.... 6 201. 04 190. 12 Jan. 14. ...._.- 217. 40 215. 79 July 15 s 190. 91 189. 17 Jan. 19.- _ _. 216. 39 Apr. 15 215. 50 July 22.- 202.31 Nov. 12 192. 42 Jan. 21. ._. 215. 51 July 25--.- _ 203.19 194. 49 Jan. 28...... 216. 64 Apr. 29 214. 96 July 29-. -- 201. 04 190. 18 Feb. 4 _._._.._ 215. 13 190. 61 Feb. 11 216. 18 May 13 214. 32 Aug. 12-----.- 200. 90 Dec. 11.... 190. 15 Feb. 20_ .- 215. 05 May 20 214.58 Aug. 19 200. 83 Dec. 18 192. 49 217. 24 May 27- 214. 50 Aug. 26 _ __ __ 199. 81 194. 34 Mar. 3 ...... 216. 41 213. 15 Sept. 2 - ...... 199. 37 Dec. 28...... 192. 94 Mar. 10 ._... 216. 01 JunelO .... .- 5 211. 86 Sept. 10.- __ 198. 35 "Don ^1 213. 68 211.82 Sept. 16_...... 198.06 215. 79 June 24 __ ... 208.58 Sept. 23.- 194. 59 Julyl.. 5 199. 64 Sept. 29. _ . 194. 47

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. «Pump operating in well. WELL RECORDS 169

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 433. C. B. Harnich. NE^NEM sec. 8, T. 10 S., R. 3 W. Stock well, driven 1H inches in diameter and 17.7 feet deep. Measuring point is bottom of pump flange, 3.0 feet above land surface and 199.52 feet 2 above mean sea level. /

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Apr. 27. .... 184. 24 184. 91 July 21-... . 183. 78 183. 33 185.28 184. 84 July 28..-. . 183. 67 182. 83 May 12...... 184. 35 June 23, ____ 184. 78 183. 79 Sept. 15.- 182. 73 184.88 184. 25 Aug. 11 182. 69 Sept. 22. 182.33 May 26.. ... 184. 32 July 9..-. -. 184. 33 183. 32 183. 55 July 14....-.,. 184. 23 Aug. 25 183.44 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 438. J. G. Gourley. NW^SEM sec. 21, T. 10 S., R. 3 W. Stock well, dug 6 feet in diameter and 17.9 feet deep, dry-masonry curb. Measuring point is top of curb, at base of pump, 0.3 foot above land surface and 242.53 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. U .. 225. 51 240.84 Mar. 24. 239.12 232.53 225. 94 241. 01 Mar. 31 240.18 July 9- 230.99 226.06 Jan. 14.. 241.14 Apr. 7 239. 85 July 21-. --.--. 230. 19 Nov. 5 225.85 Jan. 21.. .. 241. 08 Apr. 14-.....-. 239. 27 July 28- 229. 86 Nov. 12 225. 93 Jan. 24.- 240. 41 Apr. 21. .__-... 237. 98 Aug. 4...- _ __ 229.13 Nov. 20 *>QR 4.Q Apr. 28 236, 74 Aug. 11 998 (W Dec. 4. _ . _ . 226. 20 Jan. 31-- 239. 71 236. 42 Aug. 18 228.80 226. 79 Feb. 4_ 236. 49 May 12. 238.56 Aug. 25 . 227. 44 Feb. 12- ... 236. 21 239. 00 Sept. l-_ _ 227.28 229. 15 Feb. 20---.-... 235. 25 May 26 ___ __ 237.76 226.80 Feb. 25 . 240. 78 236. 78 1936 240. 18 235. 67 Sep^ 22;. . 226.50 Mar. 10 - 239. 41 235.58 226.04 Jan. I.- 230. 06 Mar. 17 239. 01 June 23 . 234. 15 . 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 448. J. E. Watkins (formerly D. Watkins). NWHNEH sec. 17, T. 10 S., R. 2 W. Unused well, dug36 inches in diameter and 27 feet deep, in rear of residence. Measuring points: Top of brick curb, level with land surface and 276.31 feet» above mean sea level; beginning December 10,1935, bottom of board spanning well, level with top edge of new concrete and steel collar, 276.67 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 251.6 252. 96 Jan. 14_ _ .... 259. 52 June 16-_- __ - 252. 37 Oct. 20..... 251.6 May 29 ...... 252. 96 Jan. 21 ___ .__ 255. 67 June 23. - _ . 252. 22 Dec. 16 ---. 252.5 July 24...... Jan. 28__ ._ , 254. 87 251. 95 Feb. 4...... 254. 07 July 9-- _.. _ 251. 77 1929 1935 Feb. 12- 254. 02 July 14.. .. 251. 87 Feb. 19- 253. 67 July 21-- __ 252. 61 Feb. 3 255.9 Oct. 4__-.._ ... 250.59 Feb. 25 -. 254. 65 July 28---- 251. 30 Mar. 19 - 254.2 Oct. 11...... 250. 66 Mar. 3 253. 02 251. 27 May 12.--... .. 254.0 Oct. 17 . 250. 63 Mar. 10 252. 57 Aug. 11...... 251. 17 253.11 Oct. 25_. .._-.. 251.29 Mar. 17 252. 77 Aug. 18...... 250.37 July 23- 252. 76 Oct. 28---._._. 251. 26 Mar. 24 __-. 251. 47 Aug. 25 .. 250. 37 251. 76 253. 48 Sept. 1 ...... 250.32 Sept. 24.. 251. 21 Nov. 19 ... 251.01 Apr. 7. 253. 44 Sept. 9 255.89 Oct. 26_. -.--.- 251. 11 Dec. 4__-_-_--_ 250.91 Apr. 14 _ 253. 03 Sept. 15 .. 255. 87 Nov. 28____ ... 250.96 Dec. 10. _ -... 251. 97 Apr. 21-----._. 252. 78 Sept. 19 - 251. 91 Dec. 30- .... 253. 86 Dec. 18 ... 251.95 Apr. 28--..-_. 252. 71 Sept. 22 250.88 Dec. 24 251. 73 252. 67 Sept. 29 .. 250.86 1930 May 12 --_-- 253. 35 1936 May 19- __ ._ 253. 22 Feb. 2...... 253. 81 Mav26 253. 27 Mar. 2_.._- _ 255. 31 Jan. 1 ... __ 253. 50 252. 57 Mar. 30. .... 253. 51 255. 30 252. 47

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 170 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 453. Joe Wesley (Jan Brunt Sawmill, renter). NEJ4SWJ4 sec. 18, T. 10 S., K. 1 W. Unused well, dug 6 feet square and 11.7 feet deep. Measuring point is top at southeast corner of curb, about 1 foot above land surface and 315.26 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Mar. 5...... 313. 57 Apr. 28 .. 312. 84 312. 41 311.11 Mar. 17 ..... 313.20 May5 313. 26 June 23 ___ . 312.08 Aug. II...... 310. 88 Mar. 24...... 313. 54 May 12...... 312. 83 June 30 ...... 311.72 Aug. 25...... Mar. 31 313.64 May 19...... 313. 25 July 9_...... 311.52 Sept. 1...... 310. 14 Apr. 7 ...... 313.41 May 26...... 312. 86 July 14. __ ... 311. 51 Sept. 9 ...... 310. 26 Apr. 14. ... . 315. 43 312.66 July 21...... 311.30 Sept. 22 ... 310. 04 Apr. 21...... 312. 96 June 9 ...... 312. 53 July 28.. 311.17 Sept. 29...... 308. 70

» Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department.

456. Ida Locke estate (E. W. Elliott, renter). SWHNEH sec. 13, T. 11 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, dug 3H feet in diameter and 25 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, through opening for draft pipe, 240.34 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 24...... 219. 12 Jan. 21...... 238. 49 May 6______235.90 Aug. 26...... 225. 81 Oct. 29...... 219. 53 Jan. 28- .... 238.49 May 13-...... 235.85 Sept. 2 ..... 225. 26 Nov. 6-..-..-.. 218. 09 Feb. 4...... 238. 35 May 20. _ . ... 235.80 Sept. 10.. 224. 27 Nov. 12 ... __ 218. 67 Feb. 11- May 27 ..... 232. 11 Sept. 15 Nov. 19.. _.._._ 218. 19 Feb. 20.... . 232. 30 Sept. 23 224.30 Nov. 29 __ 219. 47 Feb. 26 ... 238 17 June 10 _ _ _ _ 231. 91 Sept. 30...... 223. 91 Dec. 4...... 219. 95 Mar. 3 .. 238.31 231. 32 Dec. 11.--.... 219. 91 Mar. 10.... . 237. 87 June 24 ..... 231. 37 Dec. 18...---.. 219. 75 Mar. 17...... 238.01 Julyl- . ... 230. 18 Dec. 24. _.._._. 219. 77 Mar. 24.. ... 235. 05 July8_.------_ 229.90 Dec. 31.. ... 223. 06 Mar. 27...... 235. 16 July 15...... 229. 67 Apr. 1...... 236. 13 July 23...... 228.56 1936 236. 01 July 29.. .__ 228. 26 Apr. 15 234. 59 227. 98 Jan. 8. ____ . 223.80 Apr. 22 ... ._ 234. 62 Aug. 12.... _ 227. 77 Jan. 14 _ __ 227. 37 A.pr. 29-_____._ 234.49 Aug. 19 ..... 227. 28

* Leveling by II. S. Engineer Department.

459. W. J. Moyer (J. M. Pitts, renter). SEJ4SEJ4 sec. 27, T. 11 S., R. 5 W. Domestic well, driven 40.4 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 4.7 feet above land surface and 236.28 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1946 1936 Oct. 18. 209. 32 Jan. 9. . __ -. 212. 04 Apr. 22..-. . 219. 69 213. 91 Oct. 22.-... 209. 20 219. 67 209. 23 Jan. 22.... _ . 220. 54 219. 72 Aug. 19. -. ... 213. 01 Nov. 7_ - .- 91 Q 17 Nov. 13 . 209. 23 Feb. 5. -_ 223. 64 217.64 Sept. 2...... 211. 96 Nov. 20 .... . 209. 36 Feb. 12...... 223. 17 May 27 _ 217. 80 Sept. 10...... 211.26 Nov. 29 ... . Feb. 21....-- 219. 70 211. 10 209. 31 Feb. 26 228. 10 219. 62 Sept. 23...... 210. 99 Dec 11 210. 75 224. 37 Sept. 30..- 210. 74 Mar. 11 _ 221. 41 June 24__ __ . 217.91 210. 71 Mar. 18 ..... 221. 00 July !___-_.. __ 216. 92 Mar. 25 220.06 Julys.... ._ 215. 05 1936 Apr. 1-. 219. 89 215. 79 Apr. 8. -... - 220. 07 July 22. ...._-_ 215. 57 Jan. 2...... 212. 15 Apr. 15_ _ 218. 67 July 29.-..-.-- 215.01

Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 171

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con. 463. Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, East Farm. SWJ4SEJ4 sec. 36, T. 11 S., R. 5 W. Irriga­ tion well, drilled 8 inches in diameter and 42 feet deep, about 6 feet east of well 464 and in the northeast corner of a common pit. Both wells pumped by joint suction. Measuring points: July 26 and Oct. 21, 1928, top face of flange at elbow in suction pipe, 197.53 feet above mean sea level; beginning Oct. 26, 1928, top of casing (level with zero of staff gage on east wall of pit east of well), 21.1 feet below land surface and 197.17 feet above mean sea level; beginning January 22,1936, top of 6- by 6-inch timber girt bolted to top of concrete pit curb, 220.97 feet above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 July 26-... _. ._ 196. 21 Feb. 14-.-...... Apr. 21...... 202.67 Oct. 21 195. 43 Feb. 15- 199. 57 Apr. 22... __ -, ._ . 9fi9 89 Oct. 26...... 195.2 Feb. 16-.-...... 199. 57 Apr. 23___ ...... 909 Q7 Oct. 27 195.2 Feb. 16...... ___ 199. 32 Apr. 24...... 202.97 195. 22 Feb. 17-- Apr. 25...... 9(19 Q9 195. 32 Feb. 18- 198. 72 Apr. 26...... Nov. 10 - 195. 47 Feb. 19... __ ------198/67 Apr. 27_- . . 202.62 195. 57 Feb. 20 . - 198. 77 Apr. 28...... 202 47 Nov. 24 195. 67 Feb. 21__ ...... 1Q8 77 Apr. 29-- __ ...... 202.37 195. 82 Feb. 22 . __ ...... 198. 77 Apr. 30...... ____ . 202. 27 195. 93 Feb. 23 . 198. 77 9(19 H7 Dec. 13... _ .--. __ .. 196 02 Feb. 24-.... 198. 77 May 2_ ...... 196. 6V Feb. 25 198. 77 9(11 79 196. 72 Feb. 26...... 1QO Q7 9(11 fi9 196. 77 Feb. 27.--.--- _ ..--- m Q7 201. 57 Dec. 22...... ------196. 87 Feb. 28 ...... _ _ 198. 92 May 6_ ____ 201. 47 Dec. 25...-.... . 196.97 Mar. 1...... _ ...... 198. 87 Dec. 27,...... __---_.-. 197. 17 Mar. 2______...... 198. 87 May 8...... _ .... 201.17 Dec. 28-.-.....-.---... 197. 4V Mar. 3-...... 198. 82 May 9_ ..... 201.07 198 C2 1QO 77 May 10. 200.72 Dec. SO.... 198. 97 May 11...... 200.62 200.92 Mar. 6 -- - _ - IQfi 79 May 12... _ _ ,._ 9nn GO 1QQ 97 May 13...... 200.47 1929 Mar. 8- ______. m nrj 200.47 200.92 Mar. 9 _ ___. 199. 37 May 15 200 47 Jan. 2 _ _. . _ . _ _ 201.77 Mar. 10 199 17 May 16 ______. . 200.47 Jan. 3___ _ . __ .._. _ _ 202. 37 Mar. 11...... _ . _ ... 1QQ 99 May 17- __ .... . 202. 47 1QQ C9 9nn 49 Jan. 5 202. 67 Mar. 13... _ . _ ... _ . 199 67 onn 37 Jan. 6... _ . __ ._.. . 202. 97 Mar. 14...... 199. 77 May 20 _ ...... 200. 32 Jan. 7 _ ___ ...... 202. 97 Mar. 15 1QQ 77 May 21 ______200.27 Jan. 8 ____ ._ - 202. 82 Mar. 16.... _ ------199 72 May 22 ...... 90(1 97 Jan. 9 202. 07 Mar. 17- __ . _ ------1QQ fi9 May 23. ____ ...... 200. 27 202. 02 198 97 9(1(1 97 Jan. 11...... -.. 198. 92 Mar. 19...--. _ .. _ ... m S7 May 25 ...... 200. 22 Jan. 12 198. 67 Mar. 20 ...... 198.87 May 26_ _ ... __ _ 200. 17 Jan. 13_ __ .-.. _ . _ . 198. 6V Mar. 21...... May 27______. 200.12 Jan. 14 198. 67 Mar. 22 ______199 77 May 28 200.07 Jan. 15 __ --.... _ . . . 198. 67 Mar. 23 May 29______199. 97 Jan. 16. 198. 67 Mar. 24...... OAO 07 199 87 Jan. 17 198. 67 Mar. 25______202 07 May 31-_ . _ 199. 47 Jan. 18 198. 67 Mar. 26...... 201. 87 199. 10 Jan. 19 198. 67 Mar. 27. _ ...... 201. 67 199.2 Jan. 20______...... 198. 77 Mar. 27 __ ...... 201. 27 199.32 Jan. 21.. ______... 199. 07 Mar. 28...... 201. 52 199.4 Jan. 22 198.97 Mar. 29 9m 37 Jan. 23 ______...... 198.7: Mar. 30 _ ...... 201. 47 June 10__ -_ __ _ _ 199.5 Jan. 24 ...... 198. 67 201 92 m A Jan. 25 ...... 198. 67 Apr. 1...... __-.... 9m 39 Jan. 26 ______198. 67 Apr. 2 _ 201. 17 199.3 Jan. 27 ______198. 92 201. 42 199. 22 Jan. 28 ...... 199. 67 Apr. 3__ ...... Jan. 29 ______.___ . 200. 67 Apr. 4__...... 200 72 199 2 Jan. 30 200. 67 Jan. 31 200.67 200 22 Feb. 1... __...._ 200. 77 200. 07 Feb. 2_...... 200. 77 Apr. 8-...... 199.4 Feb. 3...... 201.02 Apr. 9 199. 87 June 21 __ ...... 199.3 Feb. 4-- ...... 201. 77 Apr. 10 June 22._. Feb. 5- 201. 92 TOO fi7 m i Feb. 5 __ ...... 202.02 Apr. 12-. 199 0 Feb. 6--- ...... 202. 02 Apr. 13 1QQ Q7 1QC Q Feb. 7__ . ...-. --. 202. 02 Apr. 14-...... Feb. 8.- ...... 201. 92 Apr. 15 .. ------5 195. 8 Feb. 9_...... 201. 67 Apr. 16..... ------onn 77 Feb. 10- 201. 17 Apr. 17 Feb. 11-...... 200. 52 Apr. 18- 202. 87 me a Feb. 12...... 199. 97 Apr. 19. - Feb. IS. 199. 72 Apr. 20. _ ...... 202. 77 June 29. 7:45 a. m. 198.5 ' Pump operating In well. 408526 42 12 172 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1929 1929 June 29, 5:00p.m__ .. s 195. 6 Aug. 22...... _-.-..._ 195. 67 Nov. 5 .--.-. 194. 93 JuneSO - _ 198.4 Aug. 23. ______. 195. 63 Nov. 6_ _ . __ _ 194. 93 Julyl ... 198.3 195.61 Nov. 7 1Q1 Q3 July 2, 8:10 a. m_ ...... 198.1 Aug. 25_ . ..____ 195. 57 Nov. 8 .---._ 194. 92 July 2, 5:10 p. m_ . 5 195. 2 Aug. 26... ..--.._ 195. 53 Nov. 9 194. 92 July 3, 8:00 a. m_ _._._. 198.0 Aug. 27. .. . 195. 49 Nov. 10- 194. 92 July 3, 5:10 p. m. . _ _ 5 193.9 Aug. 28 195. 47 Nov. 11 194.93 July 4 . . 197.9 Aug. 29_-_ - .-_- _ 195. 45 Nov. 12 _ _ July 5, 7:45 a. m ______197.7 Aug. 30. ._...--. __ ._ 195. 43 Nov. 13 . - 194.95 July 5, 5:00 p. m_. _ ___ ' 193. 7 Aug. 31. _ 195. 41 Nov. 14_... -.--__..,..__ 194. 94 197.6 Sept. 1... ___ 195. 39 Nov. 15 .. 194.93 July 6, 5:15 p. m..__. _ * 193. 7 Sept. 2... .___-_____--_-_ 195. 37 Nov. 16 __._ ___ .. 194. 92 July 7 ______. __._ 197.4 195. 35 Nov. 17 . - 194. 91 JulyS, 7:30 a. m______197.3 Sept. 4...... ___-___._ 195. 35 Nov. 18 194. 91 JulyS, 4:00 p. m______5 193. 6 Sept. 5...... 195. 34 Nov. 19 - 194. 90 July 9, 7:30 a. m __..__ 197.3 Sept. 6..'. _ __ -.- _ 195. 32 Nov. 20 - . 194. 89 July 9, 5:30 p. m.... s 193. 6 Sept. 7,. __ _ _-_- 195. 30 Nov. 21 194. 88 July 10, 8:00 a. m_ _ __ 197.2 Sept. 8 __ ._ 195.29 Nov. 22 __....__ 194. 87 July 10, 5:00 p.m. ______5 193. 3 195. 25 Nov. 23-.--.-. . 194. 87 July 11, 7:30 a.m...... 197.2 Sept. 10 - - 195. 23 Nov. 24 _. 194. 87 July 11, 5:00 p. m. __ . 5 193. 3 195. 23 Nov. 25...... 194. 87 July 12... __-_._ ..._- 197.2 Sept. 12 195. 22 Nov. 26 - 194. 8<5 July 13...... -______197.1 Sept. 13 ._ 195. 22 Nov. 27, 1:05 p. m 194. 85 July 14... _ --__-----._- 197.1 195. 22 Nov. 27, 1:30 p. m 194. 87 July 15. ___ ----- 197.0 195. 21 Nov. 28...... 194. 85 July 16.-. _ . __ 197.0 195. 21 Nov. 29- _ 194. 83 Julyl7.-_ 196.9 Sept. 17- - 195. 20 Nov. SO...... 194. 82 July 18------196.9 195. 20 Dec. !.._. __ __ _ 194.83 July 19 ______. .__ 196.9 Sept. 19 _ ._ __ . _ _- 195. 19 Dec. 2__ _ .. 194. 82 July 20 .-_-- ..___-- 197.0 Sept. 20 -__-___----__ 195. 19 Dec. 3-____ 194. 82 July 21 __- _ _ 196.9 195. 18 Dec. 4... ______.... 194. 82 July 22. .__.. .-_.. 196.8 Sept. 22- _ _ __ .___.__ 195. 18 Dec. 5______194.81 July 23, 7:10 a. m_ .. ... 196.8 Sept. 23 195.20 Dec. 6 . ____ 194. 82 July 23, 3:30 p.m..-.-. 5 193. 2 195. 18 Dec. 7... ______-----_ 194. 83 196.8 195. 19 Dec. 8._ _ _ _. . _ 194. 83 July 24, 4:00 p.m.. _.__ 5 193. 2 195. 19 Dec. 9 __ 194. 84 196.7 Dec. 10-__ - _ 194. 84 July 26... .. 196.7 Dec. 11. .-- _ __ 195. 00 July 27 - .-.- 196.6 Sept. 28 195. 19 Dec. 12.. 195. 17 July 28 196.5 Dec. 13...... _ 195. 45 July 29 ...... _ 196.4 Sept. 30. . ----- 195. 17 Dec. 14 195. 97 July 30 _ .-_._ .-- 196.4 Oct. 1 ____._ 195. 17 Dec. 15______July 31 _-_ -_._-_ 196.3 Oct. 2 195. 15 Dec. 16-.. _ __ 198. 07 196.3 195. 13 Dec. 17... __ . __ 198. 72 Aug. 2, 8:15 a. m_ _ ..__ 196. 36 Dec. 18 199. 37 Aug. 2, 5:30 p. m 196.3 195 11 Dec. 19- 199. 97 196. 22 Oct. 6 _ Dec. 20___ _ 206. 72 196. 18 195 09 Dec. 21. 210. 49 196.10 Oct. 8 ... 195. 09 Dec. 22 209.27 196. 02 Oct. 9 ____ . . Dec. 23 ______... . _ 208. 97 Aug. 6, 12:00 m-__._ _ _ 5 192. 87 195. 11 Dec. 24 -.-_--.______208. 82 195 11 Dec. 25 . _ ._. _ ?08. 59 5 192. 76 Dec. 26__. _- ______208. 17 Aug. 8, 7:40 a. m_ ___ . 196. 00 Oct. 13 195. 15 Dec. 27 207. 29 5 192. 33 Dec. 28 ._ ._. 207. 42 Aug. 9, 8:00 a. ni__ _ _ .. 195. 97 195. 11 Dec. 29 - .. 20^ . 27 5 192. 22 195.10 Dec. 30 - - -.....- 207.32 Aug. 10, 7:50 a. m______195. 90 Oct. 17 195. 07 Dec. 31, 10:35 a. m.__ 204. 47 Aug. 10, 12:00 m______Dec. 31, 12:00 m_ ___ 20B.17 Aug. 11 195. 89 Oct. 19 . 195. OR 195. 87 Oct. 20 _ -_ 195.05 1930 Aue. 12, 12:00 m ------5 192. 57 Oct. 21 195. 05 Oct. 22 . _ -_ Jan. 1 ____.. 205. 64 Aug. 13, 12:00 m ______5 192. 47 195. 0. Jan. 2 205. 57 Oct. 24....-. .. . 195 03 203. 27 5 192. 37 195. 02 202.77 195. 76 202. 62 195. 02 Jan. 6 _ ___-_ __-_ 202. 57 Aug. 16, 7:50 a. m ______195. 75 Oct. 27 .... _ .... ._ 195. 01 Jan. 7 ... 202.47 202. 42 195. 70 194. 97 Jan. 9 _. _ ... _ -_. 202. 17 Aug. 17, 5:10 p. m __ ... 5 192. 32 Oct. 30 194. 94 Jan. 10 _ . - 201. 97 195. 70 194.91 Jan. 11 201. 53 Nov. 1 194.91 Jan. 12 201. 77 Aug. 19 ___ . __-_ 195. 76 Nov. 2_ .--__-.-__--. 194. 92 Jan. 13 200.99 Aug. 20-___-._-______195. 71 Nov. 3 _____. - 194. 92 Jan. 14 201. 01 Aue. 21_ .-.. _. 195. 69 Nov. 4. __.._ . 194.92 Jan. 15.._ . ---_-__ 200. 61 5 Pump operating in well. WELL RECORDS 173

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1930 1930 1930 200 *)7 Apr. 1...... -.--- 199.42 June 14, 8:05 a. m _ _ . 197. 97 Jan. 17... - nnn eo Apr. 2. __ ._ __ ...... 199. 32 June 14, 5 p. m.__ __ ... s 192. 22 Jan. 18------nnn 07 Apr. 3,. ... _ 199. 22 June IS... _ ... 197. 87 onn 1O 199. 12 June 16, 8:10 a. m__ __ . 197. 77 199. 07 June 16, 4:30 p. m _ 5 192. 22 Jan. 21 - 200.08 Apr. 6_. ______199. 02 June 17 -- - 197. 57 Jan. 22 1Q9 91 Apr. 7 199. 02 June 18, 7:30 a. m.______197. 51 Jan. 23 198. 97 June 18, 12:30 p. m...... « 193. 17 Jan 24 1QQ 77 198. 77 June 19, 7:20 a. m.. _ __ 197. 47 199. 69 Apr. 10. 198.82 June 19, 6 p. m______5 192. 67 Apr. 11 198. 72 197. 37 199 49 Apr. 12 198. 62 5 192. 92 1QQ QQ Apr. 13 198. 62 197. 17 Ton 90 1QQ 97 Apr. 14...... _-._-- 198. 47 June 22 -_ __-- 197. 12 1QQ A7 Apr. 15...... 198. 41 June 23, 7:40 a. m-__ __._ 197. 07 199 93 Apr. 16. 198. 42 June 23, 5 p. m___. -__-__ 5 192. 22 Feb. 1, 12:45 p. m 9ftn S7 Apr. 17...... 198. 47 June 24 ___ 196. 97 opn 520 Apr. 18_. _ 198. 42 June25_. ___- _ _ 196. 89 Feb. 2... . 201.77 Apr. 19. 198. 52 June 26_------___ _ 196. 87 Feb. 3_- _ . ------202.71 Apr. 20.. 198. 57 June 27_ _ __ ..... 196. 87 Feb. 4 Apr. 21 198. 37 June 28 _ -- 196.79 Feb. 5 - Apr. 22_ ...... ---.. 198. 27 196.72 Feb. 6-. Apr. 23--.- _- _ 198. 37 196. 67 Feb. 7_- OflO C1 198.52 Feb. 8 . ... 203 87 198. 52 1935 Feb. 9. - -- 204 13 198. 53 Oct. 5 195. 24 Feb. 10.. f)f\A *J7 Apr. 26, 1:35 p. m___ 198. 47 Oct. 12- 195. 21 Feb. 11...------204 2 Apr. 27...... 198. 42 Oct. 18 195. 52 Feb. 12 - 205.1 198. 42 Oct. 2k 195. 47 Feb. 13 f)f\K n Apr. 29.... - 198. 62 Oct. 30 195. 32 Feb. 14.. One Q Apr. 30. 198. 67 Nov. 7 Feb. IS-.. 205.6 198. 82 195. 44 Feb. 16-.-- - 198. 77 Nov. 20 ______--..-.-_ 196. 05 Feb. 17. 205.5 198. 77 196. 02 Feb. 18 ..... 198. 72 195. 16 Feb. 19- 205.1 19cS. 72 195. 63 Feb. 20 . 204.8 198. 67 197.6 Feb. 21--. 205. 1 198. 67 1Q7 &. Feb. 22 . . - __ _ May8 IQfi A9 Feb. 23__- _ -_.._ 205. 1 198. 57 1Q3A Feb. 24... 205.1 198. 57 197.9 Feb. 25-- Mayll ------_ 1QQ 19 205.7 Feb. 26 204.8 Mayl2 ... --- 1QR 4.7 Jan. 15 204.1 Feb. 27..-...... - TVTaTj 1^1 1QR 49 208. 78 Feb. 28 .... one 97 Mar. 1, 12:45 p. m...... 198. 32 Feb. 5 _ 202. 68 Mar. 1, 12:50 p. m_ .... 204.04 198. 27 Feb. 12...... 200.98 Mar. 2...... 203. 67 m 97 9Aft fi7 Mar. 3.. ------9fi9 K7 May 18- ... .. 198.17 OfVJ fil Mar. 4.. _ _-__._ __ 203. 47 TVTaTj 10 1QS 17 Msr 4 204 69 Mar. 5 202. 87 198. 12 204 07 Mar. 6------9H9 Q7 May 21 _ 198. 17 Mar. 7 ... . 9ft9 17 TVTov 99 1QQ 99 Mar 25 9nn f\7 Mar. 8 - - __ 201.92 May 23- . . .._ 1QR 39 200 47 Mar. 9 - 201. f 7 9A1 91 Mar. 10 201. 32 198. 47 Mar. 11-. __ __ ... 201. 27 198. 52 A-nr 99 200 99 Mar. 12 - -- -. 201. 07 May27-___ _-__-_-___-. 1QS 4.9 A r_r 9Q 9fMl AQ Mar. 13 - . 200.97 200.66 Mar. 14 200.77 198 34 IVTov 13 Mar. 15 200.57 1QR 39 200.18 Mar. 16 . . 200.42 iQQ 97 May 27._ _-___-__._-. 9/ui nn Mar. 17. 200. 27 May 31.- ...... _ 199. 35 Mar. 18 200. 07 198. 17 Mar. 19------199.97 1QS 17 198.87 Mar. 20-----. .... 199. 77 IQfi 17 1QR f^9 Mar. 21 199. 67 198. 15 107 Q7 Mar. 22...... 199. 57 198. 13 4 1Q9 fta Mar. 23...... 199. 72 198. 11 Till ir 99 * 190. 92 Mar. 24. . . 200.02 IQfi 91 Mar. 25--- ...... 200. 17 198. 07 Mar. 26- 200. 17 198. 04 192. 24 Mar. 27__ ..... 200. 12 198.04 7 180. 14 Mar. 28 ...... 199.97 Sept. 10 .-.. 7 178. 36 Mar. 29- .... - 199. 77 5 194. 12 Mar. 30 ...... 199. 62 198.00 Mar. 31.._._- ... 199. 57 June 13- ______197. 97 Sept. 30 -. ---- 4 188. 68 i Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 5 Pump operating in well. 7 Adjacent land being irrigated. 174 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, ORE<5.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 l Con. 472. Hector Brothers estate, O. H. Hector, director. NEMSWM sec. 4, T 11 8., R. 4 W. Unused well, dug and driven, 3J^ feet in diameter to depth of 31 feet with brick curb; total depth 84 feet. Measuring point is top of 3-inch plank deck, south of pump, 0.8 foot above land surface and 224.83 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 203.88 202.71 Apr. 29...... 209.20 Aug. 12...... 201.62 Jan. 14.. ... 209. 69 May 6.______207.16 Aug. 19 .. 200.51 1935 Jan. 28 ...... 208. 10 May 13 _ 207.22 Aug. 26...... 201.03 Feb. 4. ___...__ 207.97 May 20_ ...... 206.05 Sept. 2__ ...... 200. 62 Oct. 24 198. 82 Feb. 11 207.66 May 27-.-..... 206.17 Sept. 10 -..-. 200.67 Oct. 29 ..... 199. 66 Feb. 20. .... 209.19 June 3 ... 207.22 Sept. 16...... 200.34 Nov. 7 199. 39 Feb. 25...... 212.80 207.40 Sept. 23...... _ 200.26 Nov. 12 . 199. 36 Mar. 3 ...... 212. 96 204.11 Sept. 30...... 200.20 Nov. 19. ... 199. 18 Mar. 10 . 212.25 204.16 Nov. 29 199. 02 Mar. 17...... 210.86 July 1...... 203.44 199. 06 Mar. 24...... 209. 81 Julys... 203.21 Dec. 11 199. 19 Apr. 1...... 211. 30 July 15..-.. _. 202.49 199. 14 Apr. 8..... _ . 209.90 July 22-. 200. 74 200. 09 Apr. 15...... 209.87 July29__._____ 202.29 201.74 Apr. 22. . 209. 28 201.86

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 8 Pump operating in well. 486. Linn County Farm. SWJ4SWJ4 sec. 26, T. 11 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 6 feet in diameter and 27.3 feet deep, brick curb, in lot 75 feet south of barn. Copper nail with washer stamped ll-i-8 in well plat­ form. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck at copper nail with washer, 0.6 foot above land surface and 221.83 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 July 28-. 204.1 Oct. 4...... ___ 200. 37 Feb. 12.... _ . 215. 17 July 10... . 206. 81 Oct. 11. 200.76 Feb. 20 212. 34 July 15.. .. 206.03 1929 Oct. 17- .._..__ 202. 18 Feb. 26 _ 215. 96 July 22 . _ _ 203.34 Oct. 30_____.___ 201.99 220. 21 July 29... 202. 48 215. 03 Nov. 6. __ .__ 199. 45 Mar. 11..,. .... 218.90 200. 77 July 4. ..__.... 210. 43 Nov. 13...... 200. 61 Mar. 18 218. 40 Aug. 12 Aug. 2 204.7 Nov. 20_ 200. 75 Mar. 24 214.20 Aug. 19-. . 201. 78 Sept. 23 201.9 Dec. 4...... 201.46 Apr. 1. ___.._.. 220.01 200.99 Oct. 25___._..__ 200. 73 Dec. 11. 202.59 Apr. 8. .. .. 220.04 Sept. 2 _ 200.79 Nov. 27 __ 200. 53 Dec. 18.. ._._ 203.28 216. 11 Sept. 10 200.69 Dec. 31...... 219. 38 Dec. 26 202.59 Apr. 22 ...... 212. 65 Sept. 16_ ...... 200. 63 May 6 ___ __ . 220. 06 Sept. 23 200.29 1930 1936 May 13- 217. 87 Sept. 30 200. 02 ' 218. 90 Feb. 1...... 217. 23 204.42 May 27_ __ .. 213. 23 Mar. 1..... ___. 220. 08 Jan. 8____ _ .. 216. 16 215. 30 Mar. 29_...... 216. 38 220. 14 215. 06 Apr. 26...... 216. 88 Jan. 22 . ... 214. 44 May 28_...... 215.31 Jan. 29...... __ 216.93 June24__ _ ... 213.19 July 23-.. . 209. 82 Feb. 5._ ... 221. 83 Julyl.- 209.39

2 Leveling by IT. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well. 491. O. H. Ehrlich. SWMSWM sec. 35, T. 11 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, driven 1J4 inches in diameter and 31 feet deep, in barnyard 150 feet south of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 11-4-15 in plank level with land surface. Measuring point is top of coupling between casing and pump, 2.9 feet above land surface and 227.9 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 Auor. 13 208.0 Feb. 2__. __..... _-__.. 216.2 Oct. 21 ...... 207.3 Mar. 27 ...... 214.8 211.7 213.8 WELL RECORDS 175

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1985-86 Con. 492. McFarland School. SEJCNEM sec. 36, T. 11 S., R. 4 W. Domestic well, driven 1}^ inches in diameter and 26 feet deep. Measuring points: In 1928, concrete pump platform, level with land surface and about 238.9 feet above mean sea level; in 1935-36, top of pump-gasket flange, 2.7 feet above land surface and 239.62 feet * above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 225.9 Apr. 1. __ .. , 233.29 230. 00 224.15 233. 17 229.85 Aug. 12 ..-. 224. 00 1936 Apr. 15 231.80 229. 44 Aug. 19 223. 17 Apr. 22 ..... 232. 05 228. 37 Aug. 26 222.84 Feb. 27.- . 233. 22 Apr. 29 231. 99 Julyl 228. 32 Sept. 2 ...... 222. 74 Mar. 4__ _ .... 233.19 231. 88 JulylO-. 226. 84 Sept. 10 __ . 222.60 Mar. 12,...... 232. 87 May 13 231. 55 July 15.. ... 226. 30 Sept. 16.. 222. 70 Mar. 18...... 232. 26 May 20...... 231. 71 July 22...... 225. 97 Sept. 23 222. 25 Mar, 24 ,. 232. 68 May 27 231. 70 July 29...... 225. 76 Sept. 30. ___ . 222. 03

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 493. Maude Wells. NEJ4NEJ4 sec. 2, T. 11 S., R. 3 W. Stock well, dug 8 feet deep. Measuring point is top of timber cover, through bored hole, 0.8 foot above land surface and 233.35 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 11.. 227. 05 232. 47 Apr. 7- --- 232. 45 July 28--_. .... 228. 57 Oct. 17_..____- 226. 28 Jan. 10- _ .. 232. 57 Apr. 14 . ... 231. 64 Aug. 4 _ ..-. 228. 33 Oct. 30 . 227. 32 Jan. 14,. _ ... 232. 47 Apr. 22_ _ .... 231. 53 Aug. 11 228. 21 Nov. 6 .-.-. 227. 07 Jan. 21 _-._ 231. 65 Aug. 18 227. 90 Nov. 13 .... 227. 73 Jan. 24.... 231. 97 Aug. 25 __ .... 227. 85 Nov. 20 __ 227. 87 Jan. 28 __ 231. 87 May 12 ..... 231.08 Sept. 1 . ----- 227. 94 Dec. 4 . 227. 96 Jan. 31 _ _ . 231. 37 May 19 ----- 231. 88 Sept. 9 227. 82 Dec. 10-- 228. 97 Feb 4 232. 14 231. 85 Sept. 15 227. 80 Dec. 18. .. 229.05 Feb. 12 232. 33 231.33 Sept. 22 227. 42 Dec. 26 231. 18 Feb. 20 ... .. 231. 57 231. 22 Sept. 29 - 227. 07 Dec. 28 231. 68 Feb. 25 232. 54 June 16 231. 16 Mar. 4 _ . 232. 05 June 23_ ___ _ 230. 61 1936 Mar. 10- _ -.__ 231. 70 229.78 Mar. 18 232. 10 July 9.. 229. 38 Jan. 1 ...... 232.00 Mar. 25 231. 93 July 14 229. 56 Jan. 3 ___ .... 232. 07 Mar. 31 __ .... 231.97 July 21- . -- 228. 97

3 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 502. Sophie Wilson. SEJ4SWJ4 sec. 7, T. 11 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, dug 24 feet deep, backfilled around 10-inch concrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of cover on box curb, beside draft pipe, 2.9 feet above land surface and 227.90 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 15. __. 210. 96 Jan. 15 010 QC 216.00 July 29.. 212.90 Oct. 29 .._--.. 210. 86 Jan. 22 914 4fi Apr. 29 215. 85 Aug. 4----- 212. 77 Nov. 5 ...... 211.13 215. 39 Aug. 12 212. 72 Nov. 13. _ .- oi q 70 214. 82 Aug. 19 __ .-._ 212. 72 Nov. 20 _ _ _ 210. 75 Feb. 12. 215. 38 215.43 Aug. 26 212. 11 Dec. 4...... 210. 8? Feb. 20._ - 214. 87 May 27 216. 03 Sept. 2 212. 10 Dec. 11 __ 211. 66 216. 53 215. 49 Sept. 10 _ 211. 91 Dec. 18 211. 16 215. 93 215. 27 Sept. 16 211.90 210. 76 91 f\ 71 215. 24 Sept. 23. ___ _ 211. 57 215. 92 214. 91 Sept. 30 - 211.43 1936 215. 75 Julyl.. 214. 16 Apr. I... ._ 216. 46 JulylO-- 214. 22 Jan. 1 .... 211. 72 July 15 213. 93 Jan. 8 ...... 213. 23 216. 41 July 22.. 213. 74

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 176 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con.

513. Leslie Cade. NEJ4NWM sec. 23, T. 11 S., K. 3 W. Domestic well, dug 4 feet square and 22 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, at north side, 258.81 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 11...... 241. 92 255. 52 253/57 Aug. 12 248. 00 Oct. 17--- . 241. 99 Jan. 22 .... 255. 09 May 6-- __ -_. 254.88 Aug. 19. .. 248.00 Oct. 30_-_ 241. 90 254.84 May 13 253.84 Aug. 26 .. 246.54 Nov. 6 -- 242. 01 Feb. 5.- 254. 03 254. 39 Sept. 2 --.. 246. 38 Nov. 13 - 242.13 Feb. 12_--__- 255. 07 May 27 253. 30 Sept. 10 246. 19 Nov. 20 -- 242.28 Feb. 20. OK. A Rfi 253. 35 244. 38 Dec. 4-. -----.. 242.17 Feb. 26-. --_ 255. 35 252. 91 Sept. 30. -- 244. 23 Dec. 11 242. 74 254.94 252.39 Dec. 18 246. 57 9^4 7 A. 252. 21 Dec. 26_._.--.. 247.47 Mar. 18 254. 36 July 1...... 251. 71 Mar. 25. --.. 254. 19 July 10- --- 251. 07 1936 Apr. 1. .._--.- 254.93 July 15 250. 49 Apr. 8_ .. ... 255.04 July22 249.88 Jan. 1 --- 248.60 ffKA K1 July29 _ -- 249. 49 Jan. 8 ...... 254. 81 Apr. 22 fJRA Ofl 248. 43

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 518. H. O. Wilson. NW^NEJi sec. 21, T. 11 S., R. 2 W. Irrigation well, dug 8 feet square and 15.5 feet deep. Measuring points: Top of east '6-by 8-inch timber pump support, near southeast corner of well, about 1 foot above land surface and 283.23 feet 2 above mean sea level; beginning July 10, 1936, new point 281.88 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 11- 274. 98 277. 91 Apr. 15- 277.23 July 29.-'-- - 275. 60 Oct. 17------275. 11 07Q OC Apr. 22 . 277. 11 275. 88 Oct. 30. 275. 08 Jan. 22 ...... Apr. 29 276. 99 Aug. 12 275. 78 Nov. 6 ____ . 275. 03 277. 64 277. 69 Aug. 19 275. 67 Nov. 13.---.--. 275. 28 Feb. 5 277. 25 May 13 276. 88 Au?. 26- ...... 275. 63 Nov. 20 275. 45 Feb. 12 -- 077 Qfl 276. 85 275 63 Dec. 4_ 275. 55 Feb. 20. . 077 OQ May 27 276. 88 Sept. JO... 275. 46 Dec. 11-. .-...- 275. 79 Feb. 26-.- . 278. 01 276. 84 Sept 16..- . 275.48 Dec. 18 276. 38 277. 86 276. 76 275.44 Dec. 26 -. _._ 276. 30 277. 66 276. 67 Mar. 18 276. 79 1936 Mar. 25 ..-. 277. 10 July 10-__ 276. 33 Apr. 1 277. 39 276. 30 Jan. 1 ...... 276. 97 077 QQ T.-.I-.T 99 275. 98

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 527. G.W. Cummings. SWJ^SWJ^sec. 12, T.12S., R. 6 W. Unused well, driven 3 inches in diameter and 27.8 feet deep. Measuring point is top of 3-inch casing, 1.5 feet above land surface and 263.86 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 18--- . 254. 39 9 KC on 259. 59 July 15... .- 255. 76 Oct. 23 254. 35 9Efl Oft A «* 1 c 257. 15 July 22-..- - 255. 44 Oct. 29-- 254. 46 257. 64 Apr. 22 257. 20 July 29...- - 255. 36 Nov. 7 - 254. 41 Jan. 21 256. 95 Apr. 29- 256. 78 255. 24 Nov. 13 254. 41 OEfl CQ 256.59 Aug. 12 255. 03 Nov. 20 254.58 Feb. 5 256. 01 May 13.. 256. 82 Aug. 19- 254. 95 Nov. 29 254. 74 Feb. 12 257. 30 May 20- .... 256.73 Aug. 26 254. 72 Dec. 11,.. -. 255. 25 Feb. 21...... 257.88 OEfl 7C Sept. 2 .. 254. 59 Dec. 18 - - 254. 84 Feb. 26 259. 22 257. 57 Sept. 10 . 254. 40 Dec. 26 254. 88 257. 49 256. 43 Sept. 16 254. 38 Mar. 11-..-.... 256. 22 254. 35 1936 Mar. 18 257. 38 256. 13 Sept. 30 ...... 254.23 Mar. 25- . -. 257. 17 July 1...... - 256.03 Jan. 2- .... 255. 62 Apr. 1..-. . 259. 57 Julys.-- 255. 92

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 177

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con- 528. Independence School, district 18. NWJ4SEJ4 sec. 25, T. 12 S., R. 6 W. Domestic well, dug 31.2feet deep, backfilled around 6-inch conrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of casing, 0.5 foot above land surface and 314.36 feet * above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 298.17 309. 64 July 22..---. 302. 63 Oct. 23--. .. 298. 75 Apr. 22.- . 309. 59 July 29.... . 301. 64 Oct. 29...... 298. 31 311.09 Apr. 29..-...- 307. 60 301. 15 Nov. 7 ono 79 306. 90 301.06 Nov. IS...... Feb. 5. . 308. 05 306. 51 301. 23 Nov. 20 .- ... 299. 04 Feb. 12 308. 43 306. 07 300.88 Dec. 4 - 299.38 Feb. 21.---.-.- 309.30 May28 306. 16 Sept. 2 .... 300. 74 Dec. 11 .... 299. 27 Feb. 26.--... 310. 17 June 3 307. 48 Sept. 10 - 300. 43 Dec. 18--. -. 300. 73 304. 52 Sept. 16 ... 300. 47 Dec. 26.-----.. Mar. 11 312. 18 304. 07 299. 12 Mar. 18 309.28 303. 99 298. 99 1936 Mar. 25 309. 73 July 1- ...... 303. 14 Apr. l-_. --..-. 311. 35 JulyS. 303. 06 Jan. 2-_._ 302. 27 July 15.-- -. 302. 85

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 540. Roy Rickard. NWJ4NWJ4 sec. 26, T. 12 S., R. 5 W. Domestic well, driven 1}4 inches in diameter and 32 feet deep. Measuring points; Top of l}4-inch casing (after unscrewing cap), about 2 feet below surface and 236.0.5 feet 2 above mean sea level: beginning March 11,1936, top of standpipe, level with land surface and 237.82 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Feb. 26...... 217. 23 211.51 Aug. 14 210.4 Dec. 26.... __ 208. 39 Mar. 11 .... 217. 80 June 10. .... 213. 39 215. 23 214. 43 1935 - 1936 Mar. 25- ... 211. 36 June 24. ______213.31 Apr. 1...... 212. 32 212. 60 Oct. IS...... 208. 55 210. 62 212. 38 JulyS-- 212. 43 Oct. 23_.. __ 208.53 212. 91 212. 15 July IS...... - 5 210. 75 Oct. 28.--- 208. 35 Jan. 15 .... 228. 62 212. 01 July 22-...... 212. 14 Nov. 7 ------208. 50 Jan. 22. .. 221. 61 Apr. 29 .... 212. 23 208. 90 Nov. 13 207. 65 Jan. 29 ... 212. 46 210. 98 Aug. 12 . 208. 85 Nov. 20 . 208. 40 Feb. 5 ~-- 212. 24 May 13 . .... 211. 71 Aug. 19_ __ -- 208.83 Dec. 11 ___ Feb. 12 . 212. 86 211. 30 Sept. Z ...... 210. 21 209. 41 Feb. 21...... 214. 54 May 27...... 211. 39 Sept. 16 209. 89

2 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well. 548. Trip & Murphy. NWJ4NEJ4 sec. 22, T. 12 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, driven 1 % inches in diameter and 27 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 3.8 feet above land surface and 244.37 feet 3 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 15 227. 47 233. 35 Apr. 22- ... - 236. 64 July 29-. . 232. 08 Oct. 22-... _ 227. 35 Jan. 22.- . . ... 235. 19 Apr. 29 236.26 231. 52 Oct. 30..-.-. 227. 37 Jan. 29 - 233. 13 May 6_-_ __ . 235. 76 Aug. 12 ..... 231. 32 227. 57 Feb. 5 ._ 232. 69 234. 40 231. 72 Nov. 13 ... 227. 17 Feb. 12 235.88 May 20. 235. 21 Aug. 26 ___ 230. 07 Nov. 20 ... .. 227. 22 Feb. 20- ... . 234. 85 May 27 . 235. 22 Sept. 2- ___ . 229.94 Dec. 4... _ .-- 226. 29 Feb. 26 237.69 234. 29 Sept. 10 . 229. 85 227.60 237. 65 234.60 Sept. 16 230. 69 228. 89 Mar. 11 ..... 236. 65 234. 76 Sept. 23 ___ . 230. 50 Dec. 26 -... .. 229.21 Mar. 18 236. 68 June 24. ______233. 85 Sept. 30 ..... 230. 35 Mar. 25 -..- 236. 58 Julyl--. 233. 04 1936 236. 99 July 10-. .. 232. 68 237. 80 July 15.. __ -. 233.17 230. 47 237. 01 July 22... .. 232. 53

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 178 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, QRE'G.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 553. J. H. Swatzka. SEJ4SEJ4 sec. 9, T. 12 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 18.7 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring points: Top of 2-inch plank deck, through bored hole, 0.2 foot above land surface and 272.99 feet above mean sea level; September 6, 1928 to May 28, 1930, top of instrument shelf, 274.04 feet above mean sea level. Water stage recorder operated on well from September 6,1928, to May 28 1930.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1935 1936 July 28... - 263.4 OCfi AQ 256. 71 Apr. 1 ...... 270. 47 Sept. 3 _ 260. 26 270. 12 256. 79 Apr. 8- ...... 270. 31 Sept. 6...... 260. 01 256. 99 269. 59 Sept. 15.. _ ... 259. 47 Dec 4 257. 25 Apr. 22 268.95 Oct. 8...... 258. 23 Dec 11 258. 77 Apr. 29 ... . 268.55 Oct. 21-___..__ 257. 72 270. 64 Dec. 18. 261. 86 May 6 ...... 268.61 Dec. 16...... 268.14 Jan. 11... . _ 269. 99 Dec 26 262. 72 May 13 268.97 Jan. 18 ...... 269. 34 Dec. 28 263. 67 May'20 268. 91 1929 268. 87 May 27...... 268. 49 Feb. 1...... 271. 14 1936 267. 91 Jan. 6 ____ . 270. 54 Feb. 9_ ..... 271. 02 264. 82 267. 52 Jan. 20 270. 84 Feb. 16 . 270. 71 265. 03 267. 19 Feb. 2_ . 271. 14 Feb. 23 971 9Q 270. 62 June 24...... 266. 69 Feb. 16 269.46 Mar. 1...... 270. 99 July 1...... 266. 04 Mar. 7-.--- _-- 269. 69 Mar. 19 . ... 269. 31 271. 01 July 10 265. 26 Mar. 31 269. 93 269. 82 270. 47 July 15-. 264.80 Apr. IS 270. 55 269. 41 July 22. 265. 25 May 9 .-...... 269. 22 Apr. 26 269. 71 270. 01 July 29.-. .. 263. 57 May 13 267. 86 May 28- 268. 34 270. 37 262. 87 JuneS, _ ...-. 267. 38 July 23...... f)aA OQ Feb. 5 ... 269. 64 Aug. 12 ... 262. 64 July 4. 265. 92 Feb. 12 269. 71 263. 05 July 15--.. ---_ 265.18 1QOC 269. 00 Aug. 26-.. . 260. 88 263. 80 Feb. 26- .. 270. 03 Sept. 2 260. 72 Sept. 3 -. 260.53 Oct. 4--..._ ... 257. 39 270. 51 Sept. 10 260. 84 Sept. 7 ... 260. 25 Oct. 12...... TVTar 1 1 269. 99 Sept. 16 259. 19 Sept. 23 258. 91 Oct. 17--.. 257. 54 269. 79 Sept. 23 ..... 258. 74 Oct. 25 ...... 257. 36 Oct. 30.... . 256.84 Mar. 25 269. 35 Sept. 30- 258. 62

557. Scott Churchill. SEViSWH sec. 34, T. 12 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, dug 23 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, alongside draft pipe, 1.3 feet above land surface and 268.04 feet > above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 15.... 248. 47 Feb. 20 ... f)OA ID Apr. 29 _ 262.35 July 22... 253.06 Oct. 22...... 247. 40 Feb. 26 ... . 263. 01 July 29...... 252. 69 1936 Mar. 4...... 264.36 262. 86 251. 32 Mar. 11 __ .. 264.36 May 20- _ ... 263. 36 Aug. 19... __ - 251. 44 Jan. 8.-...... 265. 31 Mar. 18 _ ..... 263. 74 May 27 ' 262. 40 Aug. 26 251.29 Jan. 15 ...... 265. 75 OfiQ QK 262. 80 251. 75 Jan. 22 ___ .. 265. 37 264. 06 8 260. 38 Sept. 10 - s 250. 62 Jan. 29 264. 66 Apr. 8...... 264 67 260. 72 Sept. 16- __ .. 250. 81 Feb. 5 264. 19 263. 36 July 10-. ... 255.73 Sept. 23... __ . 249. 36 Feb. 13...... 263.82 263. 22 July 15-. . 255. 10 Sept. 30 .. 249.11

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. { Pump operating in well. 6 Pump operating in well a short time prior to measurement. 560. Cecil Ensley, renter. SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 8, T. 12 S., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, drilled 4 inches in diameter and 48^6 feet deep, steel casing. Measuring point is top of steel casing, 0.6 foot above land sur­ face and 330.1 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Apr. 22- 323. 50 325. 31 July 15- . 323. 76 Aug. 26.- __ . 322. 31 Apr. 29 . 325. 40 June 10----- ... 325. 71 July 22... 322. 72 Sept. 2 ...... 322. 20 May 6.-. ___ 325. 57 324.96 July 29.. - 323.16 Sept. 10 321.97 May 13- . _ .. 325.68 324.60 322. 96 Sept. 16... _ . 322. 13 May 20- _ - ... 325. 72 July 1...... __ 323.84 Aug. 12 322. 71 Sept. 23 322 06 May 27- __ - 325. 52 July 10.- qoq oo Aug. 19 323.08 Sept. 30 - 321. 85

3 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 179

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

568. Ray Fisher. NEJ4NWJ4 sec. 14, T. 12 S., R. 2 W. Irrigation well, dug 8 feet square and 19 feet deep. Measuring points: Top of pump-house sill at northwest corner of well, marked by copper nail with washer, 352.35 feet 2 above mean sea level; beginning October 4,1935, top of 6-by-6-inch timber pump sup­ port at painted arrow, about 1 foot above land surface and 353.15 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Aug. 17...... 338.4 Mar. I...... 341. 85 339. 98 May 20 ...... 339. 01 Oct. 21...... 339.4 Mar. 29 341. 30 346. 09 May 27...... 340. 01 340.4 340. 30 345. 79 339. 63 May 28 .... . 340. 55 Jan. 22...... 343. 20 339. 47 1929 338. 51 341. 62 339. 33 Feb. 5 . 342. 01 June 24 - 339. 33 Feb. 2...... 340.2 Feb. 12 341. 30 July 9.. - 339. 90 Mar. 27. . . 341. 80 1935 Feb. 20 341. 47 July 15...... 338. 58 May 9...... 341. 35 Feb. 26...... 341. 60 July 22... .. 337. 91 340. 45 Oct. 4...... 336. 90 341. 57 July 29.. 338. 15 340. 05 Oct. 12-.. Mar. 11 341. 00 337. 94 Aug. 2...... 338.6 Oct. 17...... 337. 36 Aug. 12 337. 81 Sept. 23...... 337. 40 337. 70 Mar. 25 340. 36 Aug. 19. 337. 80 Oct. 25...... 337. 60 337. 68 Apr. 1 . 340. 38 Aug. 26 - 337. 46 Nov. 27 .. 337. 45 Nov. 13 337. 92 Apr. 8 340. 63 Sept. 2... .. 337. 41 Dec. 31.. _ . 342. 55 Nov. 20 338. 01 Apr. 15 340. 40 Sept. 10 « 7336. 30 338. 57 340.34 Sept. 16 336. 42 1930 Dec. 11.. __ .. 338. 77 Apr. 29...... 340. 13 Sept. 23 337. 51 Dec. 18...... 339. 82 340. 15 Sept. 30 337. 31 Feb. 1...... 341. 40 Dec. 26.. _ ... 339. 43 May 13.. 339. 23

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. s Pump operating in well. 7 Adjacent land being irrigated. 571. James R. Barnes. S WJ4NWH sec. 8, T. 13 S., R. 5 W. Domestic well, dug 23 feet deep, backfilled around 12-inch concrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of casing, 0.9 foot above land surface and 252.01 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 18.. 238.00 248.42 249.02 JulyS « 240. 01 Oct. 23.. 238.22 250. 02 Apr. 15 245.95 July 15- 240.05 Oct. 29.... . 237. 82 247.94 245.37 July 22- 240.90 Nov. 7 .... 239. 09 246.37 Apr. 29 246.61 July 29-- - 243. 57 Nov. 13 239. 58 Feb. 5 247. 30 246.92 241.88 Nov. 20 . 239. 75 Feb. 12 249. 80 May 13- ... 243. 94 Aug. 12 241.98 Nov. 29 ... 240. 21 Mav20 246. 79 241.83 Dec. 4 240. 30 Feb. 26 251.22 May 27 245.37 237.45 Dec. 11 243. 54 Mar. 4 248.30 244.82 Sept. 2 235.81 Dec. 18-. ------242. 88 238.65 Dec. 26---..... 242. 86 Mar. 18 . 247.12 244.33 Sept. 16 239.04 Mar. 25- 247.25 June 24_ _ 245.49 Sept. 23 239. 13 Apr. 1 248.95 Julyl... 243.37 238.95

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. Pump operating in well a short time prior to measurement. 180 GROUND WATE.R OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1985-86 Con. 574. L. D. Porter. SE^SEJi sec. 10, T. 13 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, dug 5 feet in diameter and 20.7feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of plank deck, at west side, 0.3 foot above land surface and 253.80 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 235.48 Jan. 22 ..... 251 . 37 May 13 ... 8 241. 79 (4) Oct. 23 . - 237. 83 250. 70 239.84 235. 12 Oct. 29...... 237.70 Feb. 5... 250. 42 May 27 239.89 Aug. 8 (4) Nov. 7 --- 237.48 Feb. 12 ___ 239.33 Aug. 12 (4) Nov. 13. .... 237. 38 Feb. 21...... 252. 50 5 236. 61 Aug. 15...... (') 238.78 (4) Nov. 29...... 236. 38 251.18 June 24. __ ... (414) Aug. 26...... (4) Dec 4 TVTar 1 1 OKA 7Q (414) (4) 240. 01 Mar. 18 ..... 250. 54 Julyl 236. 28 Sept. 2__ ...... 237. 93 242.34 Mar. 25 250. 36 Julys... (414) Sept. 10 236. 89 242.37 Apr. 1 251. 10 Julys.. ---_- 237. 02 Sept. 16 -. 237.52 250. 89 July 11-... 236. 27 Sept. 19 _ ... _ 237.71 1936 Apr. 15 -,.- 250. 49 July 15...... (414) Sept. 23 238.48 Jan. 2.- __ 252. 34 Apr. 22-...... 6244.41 July 18 (414) Sept. 26 .. 237. 98 Jan. 9.- __ _ 252. 73 Apr. 24 .... _ 244. 45 July 22.. .. (4) Sept. 30 ___ . 237.83 251. 94 Apr. 29 July 25.... _ (4) 251.94 239. 13 July 29.. ... 234.5 2 Leveling by U. B. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 1 Pump operating in well. 14 Well dry. 575. L. J. Porter. SEJ4SEM sec. 10, T. 13 S., R. 5 W., across highway from well 574. Unused well, dug 5 feet in diameter and 20.5 feet deep, dry-masonry curb. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, 0.6 foot above land surface and 253.52 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 18 - 237.72 252. 09 251.04 Julys. ... 240.56 Oct. 24 - 235. 76 252. 66 Apr. 15 ..... 249.59 Julyl5__ 240.04 Oct. 29. ------235.65 Apr. 22 247.45 July 22-. _ 240.62 Nov. 7 235.47 250. 95 Apr. 24 247. 46 July 29 240.33 Nov. 13 235. 40 Feb. 5 250. 91 Apr. 29 245. 78 240.05 Nov. 20-._---_ 235. 37 Feb. 12- 252. 09 244.89 Aug. 12.. __ - 240.03 Nov. 29 - 236.80 Feb. 21 252. 76 5 243. 99 239. 60 Dec. 4-- 236.83 Feb. 26 252. 19 May 20... 243. 22 Aug. 26 239.52 Dec. 11 251. 05 May 27 .... - 243. 21 Sept. 2, ___ 238.32 Dec. 18 239. 60 Mar. 11 250. 83 241.83 Sept. 10 .. 237.45 Dec. 26 240. 53 Mar. 18 _ 250.68 241. 60 Sept. 16 . 238. 90 Mar. 25 248. 40 241.42 Sept. 23 238.62 1936 Mar. 27 248. 12 241.25 Sept. 30 -.. 238.56 Jan. 2_ ...... 251. 65 251. 71 Julyl 241.09 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well. 579 Harold Freeman. SEHSWH sec 34, T 13 S., R. 5W. Domestic well, driven 27.3 feet deep. Meas­ uring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.8 feet above land surface and 267.08 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 18-- Feb. 12 256. 26 Apr. 29 254. 57 July 22...... 250. 81 Oct. 24-- 248. 29 Feb. 21.. . 257. 00 254.20 July 29.-- . 251. 28 Oct. 30.. 248. 23 Feb. 26 .... 257. 11 May 13 254. 27 250. 74 Nov. 7 ..-- 258. 11 254. 55 Aug. 12 249.85 Mar. 11 May 27 253. 69 Aug. 19 249. 39 1936 Mar. 18___ -. 258. 81 253. 77 Aug. 26 .... 249. 69 Mar. 25 255. 41 252. 74 Sept. 2.-. 249. 39 Jan. 9..- __ . 256.84 Mar. 27 ... . 255. 57 252. 19 Sept. 10.,- . 249. 20 Jan. 15_ _ 258. 91 Apr. 1 255. 26 252. 15 Sept. 16. __.... 249. 16 Jan. 22.- _- .. 257. 22 255. 35 Julyl-. 251.81 Sept. 23...... 248.81 Jan. 29.. 255. 18 Apr. 15 254. 92 JulyS _-..--_ 251. 59 Sept. 30-.. 248. 45 Feb. 5 -.. _ 254. 27 Apr. 22 252. 87 Julvl5 .._.-.. 250.90 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 181

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 19%8-SO and 1985-86 Con.

581. Clingman Bros. SEJ4NWH sec. 16, T. 13 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 36 inches in diameter and 28 feet deep, in barnyard 20 feet southeast of pump house. Measuring points: August 13, 1928 and beginning October 4, 1935, top of brick casing; level with land surface, 258.49 feet 2 above mean sea level; Oct. 21, 1928, to July 23, 1930, top of plank well cover at copper nail with washer, 0.5 foot above land surface and 259.0 feet above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Aug. 13...... 243.0 250.40 256. 23 245. 97 Oct. 21. 239.6 May 28...... 247. 73 Jan. 22...... 255. 11 June24._. 245. 59 Dec. 16 .... 243.2 July23____..._ 244.15 Jan. 29 253. 87 Julyl.. .. 245.11 Feb. 5_. ._.__._ 253. 71 July 10..- .- 244.70 1929 1935 Feb. 12 252. 83 July 15 _ 244.34 Feb. 20. 251.64 July 22--- . 243. 78 Feb. 2_ _ 255.4 Oct. 4_...... 240. 27 Feb. 26 . 253. 46 July 29- 243. 39 Mar. 27... __.__ 251.90 Oct. 12- 240. 30 255.09 242.94 May 9_ 251.00 Oct. 17- 239. 92 Mar. 11 253. 94 Aug. 12 - 242. 55 248. 65 Oct. 30____. 239. 84 Mar. 18. 252. 65 Aug. 19 242.20 July

3 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

589. Ida Metzger. 8WHNWH sec. 30, T. 13 S., R. 3 W. Stock well, driven 24.8feet deep. Measuring point is top of open standpipe at side of well, 1.5 feet above land surface and 274.53 feet s above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 15...... 257. 33 Jan. 8 .... 265. 73 Apr. 1 ..... _ 268.16 July 10._ 265.20 Oct. 22...... 257. 30 Jan. 10 .. 266. 45 268. 07 July 15. __-_-_. 264.03 Oct. 30- 257. 19 266. 81 Apr. 15 -. 268.00 July 22.- 263.96 Nov. 6 257. 08 Jan. 22______267. 05 Apr. 22- 267. 51 July 29-. -__-_. 263.56 Nov. 13___. _ . 257. 11 Jan. 24. . 266.26 Apr. 29 . 267. 31 260.64 Nov. 20 ..... 257. 15 Jan. 29. . _ .. 266. 01 May 6.. _ . . 266. 87 Sept. 2 . .. 260. 64 Dee. 4. 257. 11 Jan. 31. ..__.__ 267.08 May 13 266.01 Sept. 10- 260.62 Dec. 11 258. 67 Feb. 5... 265. 72 May 20-... _ . 266. 46 Sept. 16...... 260.36 Dec. 18 261. 36 Feb. 13 263. 67 May 27 267. 25 Sept. 23.. _ . 260. 14 Dec. 26. .... 262.11 Feb. 20 _ 264. 07 June 3. _ ----- 266. 91 259.96 Feb. 26.--.... 267. 76 June 10_ ___ . 266. 45 1936 265. 51 265.97 Mar. 11..... 267. 91 266. 03 Jan. 1...... 264.17 Mar. 25 267. 95 Julyl.. 265. 46

3 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 182 GROUND WATER OF WTLLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation weUs, 1&&8-SO and 1935-36 Con. S90. Keeney School, district 51. SWJiS WM sec. 34, T. 13 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, driven \1A inches in diameter and 18 feet deep, at east side of school near entrance. Casing stamped 13-3-5 just below pump base under pump handle. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.5 feet above concrete pump platform and land surface and 287.5 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Aug. 16...... 278.0 Oct. SO...... 281. 93 June 3--...... 280.72 Nov. 6 . -_ Jan. 31...... 282. 81 June 10 __ .._ 280.48 1929 277. 26 Feb. 5 281.98 280. 71 Oct. 25.... 276. 35 Nov. 21 - 277.50 Feb. 13 281. 25 June 24. ___ . 280.18 Nov. 27...... 276. 10 Dec. 5-..-.- _ 278. 78 Feb. 20.. ... 280.76 July 1-. ...-.- 279. 83 Dec. 31...... 279. 91 Feb. 26...... 282. 83 279. 65 Dec. 18- - 280. 68 July 15 ------279. 44 1930 279. 04 Feb. 1- 282.50 July 29...... 278. 71 Mar. 1...... 282. 45 Mar. 26 -.. 281. 82 Aug. 6_...... 278. 39 Mar. 29...... 282. 25 Aug. 12 278. 13 Apr. 26...... 282. 55 282. 12 Aug. 19. . 278. 53 May 28...... 281. 12 Jan. 2- ...... Apr. 15. __ ... 282. 20 Aug. 26 277. 66 July 23-....-- 278. 79 Jan. 3- ... 282. 70 281.36 Sept. 2_...... 277. 39 Jan. 8 __ ... Apr. 29...... 281.26 Sept. 10 277.30 1935 284. 23 Sept. 16 277. 28 Oct. 4_...__ O7ft «J 282 99 281. 46 Oct. 12- 276. 57 Jan. 22-... .- 282. 73 May 20...... 281. 22 Sept. 30...... 276. 86 Oct. 17...... 276. 48 Jan. 24...... 282.34 May 27 281. 32

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 594. Central School, district 50. SWMSWJ4 sec. 3, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Unused well, 3 inches in diameter and 26 feet deep, 20 feet south of school. Stamped 14-5-1 on iron pump brace. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.15 feet above concrete pump platform and 268.2 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 250.8 Feb. 2 ._ , 257.4 Oct. 22-..- ...... --_ _ ... 250.5 Dec. 16 -- _ -- . .... 252.1

596. Mrs. Thomas Harvey (formerly W. E. Thomas). SEMSEM sec. 10, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, driven 1% inches in diameter and 19 feet deep, in southeast corner of field 0.3 mile east of residence. Casing stamped 14-5-5 on south side just below pump base. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.9 feet above land surface and 270.39 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1935 1936 1936 July 4_. ....-.- 254.4 Oct. 12...... 252. 11 Feb. 12 _ _ 260.60 June 24...... 254.36 261. 15 Julyl.- .... 254. 05 o co f)\ Oct 21 267. 70 Julys.-- ... 253. 52 Oct. 26...... Nov. 7 ...... 261. 51 July 15...... 254.13 Nov. 28. 251. 74 Nov. 13...... 251. 99 Mar. 11, ...... 260.73 July 22-- . 254. 05 Nov. 20 ...... 260.10 July 29.. 253. 70 1930 Nov. 29 252. 59 Mar. 25 258. 63 253. 43 Dec. 4--.-,---. 252. 86 Apr. 1 258. 28 Aug. 12 253. 07 Jan. 2_..-.. ... 260. 14 Dec. 11.. --_ 253. 75 256. 46 Aug. 19...... * 252. 65 Jan. 31 ... . oeo no Apr. 15- 254.60 Aug. 26 253 05 Feb. 28 261. 09 254. 96 Apr. 22- 257. 12 Sept. 2 --..- . 252.80 9*V7 fiQ A nr 9Q 257. 09 Sept. 10 _ - 252. 32 Apr. 25 1936 257.60 Sept. 16 252. 39 May 28.. ------255. 03 May IS...... 258. 06 Sept. 23 252. 05 July 23..- - 257. 82 258. 31 Sept. 30...... 251. 58 Jan. 9-.._ ... 260.25 May 27 255. 60 1935 Jan. 22--....-- 262. 26 June 3--._ _ .- 255. 81 Jan. 29...... 258. 75 June 10. _ -.._ 255. 21 Oct. 5-.. 252. 17 Feb. 5...... 260. 25 254.98

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. * Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. WELL RECORDS 183

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 602. W. N. Carpenter. SWKNEJ4 sec. 33, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Well drilled 3 inches in diameter and 61.3 feet deep, steel casing. Measuring point is top of 3-inch steel casing, 1.2 feet above land surface and 287.58 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 15...... 273. 41 277. 50 Apr. 23 277. 37 273. 88 /~\nt 94 280.41 277. 22 Aug. 13 ... 273. 34 273. 46 279. 64 May 6-. _ __ . 277. 09 Aug. 20----.-. 273. 75 273. 38 Jan. 29__ 277. 72 277. 01 Aue. 27 __ 273. 70 273. 48 Feb. 5- 277. 64 277. 05 Sept. 3 ...... 273. 61 Nov. 20. .... 273. 78 Feb. 12.. _..__. 277. 55 May 28 _-..-. 277. 01 Sept. 11 273. 46 Nov. 30__..___- 273. 89 Feb. 21...... 277. 73 276. 79 Sept. 17 273. 59 TlAP ^ Feb. 27 280. 23 276. 21 Sept. 24 273. 31 274. 55 280.49 June 18 276. 41 Oct. 1- . 273. 04 274. 97 Mar. 11 278. 72 June 25 __ , ... 275. 82 Mar. 18 ..... 277. 81 July 2-. 275. 69 Mar. 25.. ------278. 14 July 9--. ..- 275. 45 1936 Apr. 2_...-. ... 278. 77 July 16.-....-- 275. 03 278. 86 July23_---_ -. 274. 55 276. 99 Apr. 16__ 277. 67 July 30 - 274. 09

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 603. R. L. George. SE54NW54 sec. 34, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, driven 24 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.4 feet above land surface and 287.65 feet 2 above mean sea level. | Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 17-.-- 272. 28 Jan. 10. _ . 277. 06 Apr. 23-... . 276. 38 Aug. 6 ...... 273. 97 Oct. 24. -.--..- 272. 21 285. 45 276. 62 Aug. 13 273.88 Oct. 30-... 272. 16 Jan. 23 ___ _ 284. 62 276. 83 273. 59 Nov. 7 .... 272. 07 Jan. 30__ ___ - 279. 68 276. 37 Aug. 27 _ 273. 18 271. 97 Feb. 6__--- . 276. 54 272. 82 Nov. 20 --...- 272. 10 Feb. 13 277. 69 Mav28 276. 58 Sept. 11 .- 272. 63 Nov. 30 .... 272. 11 Feb. 22 ... . 276. 80 275. 97 Sept. 17 273. 06 Dec. 5 ..... Feb. 27 281. 84 276. 21 272. 98 Dec. 12.. . 272. 97 281. 02 276. 24 Oct. 1. --.__- . 272. 72 Dec 19 Mar. 12. Dec. 27 273. 04 M"r 19 278. 51 July 2. 275. 06 Mar. 26 .-.-- 276. 97 July 9 .... 274. 87 1936 Apr. 2-_-_ _ __ 278. 48 July 16 274. 62 27S. 59 July 23 . 274. 36 274. 18 Apr. 16 276. 34 July 30-- 274. 18

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 604. M. L. Hewitt. SE^SWH sec. 36, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, driven 17.2 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.0 feet above land surface and 286.88 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 270. 58 973 43 971 f\7 Nov. 13 270. 66 Jan. 30 - 274. 75 Apr. 23 . 275. 07 July 23 271. 42 Nov. 20...... 270. 78 Feb. 6--...... 275. 21 Apr. 30 274. 57 July 30... 270. 84 271. 17 Feb. 13 A nor A 270. 61 272. 04 Feb. 22 274. 71 273. 75 Aug. 13. 272. 34 Dec. 27 . - 272. 02 Feb. 27- 277. 23 273. 84 Aug. 20-- -. 270. 76 Dec. 28 273. 00 977 fl^ Aug. 27 270. 41 Mar. 12 . 281. 06 272. 56 Sept. 3 ------269. 67 1936 Mar. 19 280.20 272. 34 Sept. 11 ... 269. 42 Mar. 26 274. 82 June 18- _ ... 272. 14 Sept. 17 ... 270. 68 Jan. 3. ____ . 273. 91 Mar. 27 -. 272. 12 Sept. 24 _ 270. 15 Jan. 10 . 274. 70 Apr. 2 274. 24 July 2-. .. 271. 89 Oct. 1. ..--.._. 269. 80 Jan. 16 - - 280. 75 273. 95 July 9.- 271. 52

' Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 184 GROUND WATER OP WILLAMETTE VALLEY,, OEEG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

606. Citizens Light & Water Co. (of Halsey). SEMNEM sec. 1, T. 14 S., E. 4 W. Public-supply well, dug 10 feet in diameter and 28 feet deep, extended by two 4-inch drilled holes to a total depth 72 feet, in pump house north of tank tower. Copper nail with washer stamped 14-4-6 in east end of door sill. Measuring point is base of 8- by 8-inch beam at copper nail with washer, about 7.5 feet below land surface and 274.5 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feett

1928 1929 Aug. 16...... 264. 65 Feb. 2 ...... 270.9 Oct. 21 263.3 Mar. 27 271. 25 Dec. 16 267. 79 272.3

607. J. H. Suytor. NEJiNWK sec. 5, T. 14 S., R. 4 W. Domestic well, driven 1% inches in diameter and 23.4 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 3.5 feet above land surface and 273.0 feet J above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1935 1936 1936 Oct. 16.-. 254.21 Dec. 11... OK2 QQ 256. 86 Feb. 26 255.57 Oct. 22.--. . 254. 17 254. 40 255. 72 Mar. 4. _ . __ 255. 67 Oct. 30....---. 254. 02 Dee. 27...... 254. 81 Jan. 22 255. .32 Mar. 12.. 256. 31 Nov. 6...... 254. 15 Jan. 29...... 254.25 Nov. 13 .-.- 254. 22 1936 Feb. 5- 255. 03 Nov. 21....-.- 254. 36 Feb. IS.. 254. 57 253. 98 254.45 Feb. 20 254.06

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

608. L. O. JKroft. SEMNWM sec. 5, T. 14 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, drilled 6 inches in diameter and 50 feet deep, steel casing. Measuring point is top of l^-inch standpipe, 0.2 foot above land surface and 271.87 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Feb. 26...... 256.22 256. 47 256. 37 Aug. 12 255. 87 256. 38 Apr. 30 256. 40 June 25_. _ ... 256.29 Aug. 20- 255. 93 Mar. 12. . 256. 42 255.99 July 2-- 256. 20 Aug. 27 255. 60 257. 31 256. 43 July 11-..-. 255. 98 Sept. 3- -. 255. 52 Mar. 25 .... 256. 69 May 21_...... 256. 35 July 16-- 256.14 Sept. 11 255. 47 Apr. 2...... 256. 25 May 28 - 256. 10 July23_..._ 256. 01 Sept. 17 255. 45 256. 60 255. 88 July 30..... 255. 92 Sept. 23 255.40 Apr. 16-. 256. 73 256. 43 255. 91 Oct. 1. ------254. 30

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 185

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con. 613. B. E. Cogswell. SE^NWM sec. 26, T. 14 8., R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 15. 5 feet deep, backfilled around 6-ineh tile easing, in barnyard. Copper nail with washer stamped 14-1-7 in 6- by 10-inch timber at north side of well. Measuring point is top of tile casing, painted white on west side, level with land surface and 294.56 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Aug. 18 - 283. 96 Mar. 29-.. _ 286. 16 Jan. 8------286.68 May 21 285.46 Oct. 21...... 283.26 Apr. 26.. -.-_-_ 287.16 Jan. 10 ..-.. 287.43 May 28..- .. 285. 43 Dec. 16 . 284. 81 Jan. 16 ..... 288.38 June 4------. 285.09 July23____ 284.04 Jan. 23. _ _ . 286.71 June 11-...... 285.00 1929 Jan. 24_...... 285.94 June IS...... 284. 25 1935 Jan. 30 .-... 285. 91 June 25 284.74 Feb. 2-...... Oct. 4...... 282. 65 Feb. 6 ...... July2__._ _ 284. 41 Mar. 27_...... 286.26 Oct. 12...... 282. 72 Feb. 13...._.-_ 285. 69 July 11...... 284. 32 286.36 Oct. 17...... 282. 88 Feb. 21...... 291.23 July 16.----- 4 282. 49 Oct. 31...... Feb. 27 ... 287. 73 July 23...... « 282. 58 July 4...... 284. 66 Nov. 7 ...... 282.56 Mar. 5 _._.- 290. 29 July 30-. 282.79 A iip- O 283. 51 Nov. 14...... 282. 66 Mar. 12 . . 286.17 282. 56 Sept. 23- ... 283. 21 Nov. 21 .... 282. 78 Mar. 19 286. 75 Aug. 12 . 282.42 Oct. 26--..---, 282.91 Dee. 5...... 282. 72 Mar. 25 .... 285.57 Aug. 20 _ 282. 35 Nov. 28_ 283. 11 285. 24 286. 24 Aug. 27.. .-. 282.35 285.76 Dec. 19- 284. 06 Apr. 9...... 284.59 Sept. 3 282. 23 Dec. 27-. 284. 51 Apr 16 ...... 285.75 Sept. 11. 282. 10 1930 Dec. 28..-. - 285. 74 Apr. 23 285. 49 Sept. 17. 282. 06 Apr. 30- 285. 49 Sept. 24 ._ 281.70 Feb. 1...... 293. 16 1936 May 7...... 285.12 Oct. 1_._ 281. 53 Mar. 1...... 285. 21 285. 65

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals.

615. F. J. George. SWMSEM see. 28, T. 14 S., R.4 W. Unused driven well, 17 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 1.4 feet 2above land surface and 294.6 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 16.- . 280. 10 Jan. 8-.-. ... 288. 35 Apr. 16_ . 282. 58 July 23...... 281.83 280. 11 Jan. 16. ---_..- 290.45 Apr. 23. . 282. 23 July 30- 281.58 Oct. 31.. r . 280. 08 Jan. 23 - _ ... 282. 26 Apr. 30.. 282.25 281.40 Nov. 7-_ -..-.. 280. 05 Jan. 30--. . 281. 18 282. 44 Aug. 12 281. 28 280.20 Feb. 6. 281.63 282. 77 Aug. 20 281. 32 280. 32 Feb. 13 281. 86 May 21.. 282. 38 Aug. 27_.._- ... 280. 96 280. 25 Feb. 21 2S2. 39 May 28.. .1 282.60 Sept. 3.. 280. 85 Feb. 27 282. 21 281. 86 Sept. 11.- 280. 96 282. 77 282. 35 Sept. 24...... 280.51 280. 07 Mar. 12... 282.42 June 18- .. . 282. 52 Mar. 19 .- 282. 14 June 25 _ _ __ 282. 22 Mar. 25 282. 20 July2_._ . 282.29 282. 22 July 11... .. 282.07 Jan. 2-.-. .... 280. 87 282. 56 July 16 ...... 281. 97

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

616. Mrs. R.Toedtemeier. SW^SW^sec. 15, T. 14S., R.4W. Unused well, dug4feetin diameterand 24 feet deep, in field 0.25 mile north of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 14-3-5 in top of curb. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 1.7 feet above land surface and 308.7 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 Aug. 23..--. ..- ...... 290.3 .Feb. 2 ...... 302.3 Oct. 21...... 290.1 Mar. 27_ 293.2 Dee. 16_ 291.1 290.2 186 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTB VALLEY, OREG.

. TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 618. Charity Grange. SEJ4NEM sec. 28, T. 14 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, driven 1^ inches in diameter and 35.5 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.5 feet above land surface and 314.4 feet 3 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1 Oct. 16.--..-_. 290. 92 Jan. 3 ..-._.. 291. 02 Apr. 16- --_ 291. 60 July 30- . __ 291. 63 Oct. 22___ 290. 88 Jan. 9_-..._ ._ 290. 17 Apr. 23- ___ . 291.70 291.70 Oct. 31,.---.. 290. 80 Jan. 16- -_.. _ 291. 87 291.71 Nov. 7_ __ 290.80 Jan. 23. _----. 291. 01 292. Of) 291.76 Nov. 14...... 290. 86 ' Jan. 30 _-_.--_ 291. 20 291. 83 Aug. 27 _.-_.._ 291. 50 Nov. 21__._ _ 291. 00 Fob. 6 ------290.92 291. 80 Sept. 3----.... Dec. 5.. .-..__. 290.96 Feb. 13__ 290. 86 291.58 Dec. 12.__--__- 295.85 Feb. 21.... 291.70 291.08 Sept. 17______291.28 Dec. 19. _----_ 296. 73 Feb. 27 ... . 291. 07 291.76 Sept. 24... Dec. 27.----.-. 290. 83 Mar. 5. -._-___. 290. 92 June 18 -- _ 291.87 Dec. 28- . 290.98 Mar. 12.... - 291.50 291.82 Mar. 19 .. - 291. 94 July 2-_....-._ 291.27 1936 Mar. 26 . -____ 292. 05 July ll_---.-_ 291.78 Apr. 2_.. ------292.23 July 16 -_-.__ 291. 76 Jan. 2 290.92 291.56 July 23_ -._-.. 291.63

2 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. 621. Rosa D. Bierley (former owner, Mrs. E. Holloway). NWMNWJ4 sec. 7, T. 14 S., R. 2 W. Domes­ tic well, bored 4 inches in diameter and 76 feet deep, steel [casing. Measuring point is top of 4-inch steel casing, 0.2 foot above land surface and 332.3 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 327. 84 327. 96 July 1__ ...... 327. 55 Mar. 18 _....-- 327. 60 May IS. . 328. 07 July 10-- 327. 47 Sept. 2__...... 326. 40 Mar. 25.. -. 327. 68 May 20 _.-_..- 326. 93 July 15- - 327. 25 Sept. 10- --_ 326. 50 Apr. 1...... 327. 13 May 27 .... 327. 65 July 22--... .._ 327. 10 Sept. 16--. . 327. 98 327. 81 July 29----____ 326. 95 Sept. 23___-___ 325. 97 Apr. 15_ -.__ 328. 00 326. 80 327. 17 325. 95 Apr. 22. ... . 327. 96 327. 72 Aug. 12...... 327. 78 Apr. 29. 327. 93 June 24 _ . .... 327. 59 Aug. 19__ __ _. 327. 21

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 630. C.M.Spone. SE^SEK sec. 9, T. 15 S., R. 4 W. Domestic well, driven lj*j inches in diameterand 20.6 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 1.9 feet above land surface and 309.18 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 17--,---- 292. 88 Jan. 9...... 296.59 Apr. 16- _ 296. 80 July23__ 294.46 Oct. 22-.. . 292. 78 Jan. 16...... 299. 31 Apr. 23- ... _ 297. 03 July SO,-. __ _ 294. 18 Oct. 31- 292. 76 Jan. 23_ __ __ 298. 20 Apr. 30. ..- 296. 68 294. 31 Nov. 7 .. 292.66 297. 34 296. 40 Aug. 13 293.79 Nov. 14- ... .. 293. 01 Feb. 6 .._..-- 297. 14 Aug. 20__ ...... 294.38 Nov. 21 .---. 293. 10 Feb. 13. 296. 05 May 21. .__ 295.61 Aug. 27 .... 294.22 Dec. 5_ _ 293. 11 Feb. 21.. .. 296.99 May28. .... 295. 21 Sept. 3. -.---.. 294.16 293. 37 Feb. 27 298. 75 295. 04 Sept. 11. _ 293.43 Dec. 19 ____ _ 293. 71 299. 31 295. 86 Sept. 17.- 294.00 293. 62 297. 43 296. 17 Sept. 24, . ... 293. 81 Mar. 19 297. 88 295. 36 Oct. 1...... 293.59 1936 Mar. 26 296. 61 July 2. -.-.-._. 295.14 296.99 July 11.. 294. 79 294. 27 297. 24 July 16.-.. . 294. 61

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 187

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con. 631. H. F. Meersdorf. NEJ^NE^ sec. 16, T. 15 S., R. 4 W. Public-supply well (Harrisburg), dug 10 feet in diameter and 30 feet deep, extended by several 3-inch driven wells to a total depth of 60 feet. Copper nail with washer stamped 15-4-2 in well curb. Measuring point is top of plank well curb at copper nail with washer, 1.0 foot below land surface and 307 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 Aug. 15_._ 289.6 Feb. 2 294.8 289.6 Mar. 2 7 293. 35 Dec. 16_ 290.4 May 9 292. 85

633. Mrs Ingraham. SE^NW^ sec. 20, T. 15 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, driven 22.1 feet deep. Measur- ing point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.8 feet above land surfeice and 315.72 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 17-----.-. 294. 56 Jan. 3__ ...... 296.91 Apr. 9.. _ ... 297. 68 July 9--- .. 295. 65 Oct. 24______301.08 297.70 July 16--..--.. 295.46 Oct. 30...... 294.53 Jan. 16___ __ 305. 58 Apr. 23__. __ 297. 78 July 23.-.----. 294.79 Nov. 7 ______294.52 Jan. 22-. _ ... 304. 75 Apr. 30__ ...... 297.66 July 30-...... 293. 90 Nov. 13 . 294. 57 Jan. 30___._ .. 302. 73 297. 74 Aug. 6__ ___ . 293.79 Nov. 20______294. 79 Feb. 6-__- .... 298. 65 298.21 Aug. 13-.-..... 295.08 Nov. 30_. ______296. 04 Feb. 13_____._. 298. 09 297.28 294.83 Dec. 5. ._____._ 294. 81 Feb. 27 300.56 296. 76 Aug. 27- . ... 294. 78 Dec. 12_ ---_ 295. 89 300. 13 296. 58 Sept. 3--.. . 294. 66 Dec. 19--_,____ 295. 55 Mar. 12. ---- 299. 71 296. 46 Sept. 11.-. . 294. 40 Dec. 27. 295. 73 Mar. 19 ..... 298. 21 June 18 ------296. 31 Sept. 17_ ..... 294. 95 Mar. 26.. ______298.90 296.12 Sept. 24---. 294.86 297. 91 295. 83 Oct. 1. .-.-... 294.81

2 Leveling by IT. S. Engineer Department.

636. Junction City.' NW^SWJ^ sec. 32, T. 15 S., R. 4 W. Fire-protection well, dug 8 feet in diameter and 20 feet deep, in northwest angle of Seventh and Holly Streets. Manhole rim stamped 15-4-10 on south side. Measuring point is top of iron manhole rim at south side, level with land surface and 323.4 feet 8 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Aug. 23 _--.. _ 314.5 Oct. 5 312. 76 Jan. 22_ 318. 56 316. 57 Oct. 12-.- 312. 71 Jan. 30 ...... 317. 83 316. 57 1929 Feb. 6- _ 317. 69 June 18 316. 40 Oct. 21.-.. 312. 86 Feb. 13 317. 97 316. 26 July 4_...... 316.3 Oct. 30______312. 55 Feb. 22 319. 90 July 2... 315.97 Aug. 2 ______315. 2 July9__. ______315. 58 Sept. 23--. 313. 65 Mar. 5 ... ___.. 318. 01 July 16__ _ 315. 44 Oct. 26--... . 313.1 Nov 90 July 23_ ...... 315.07 Nov. 28 - 312. 75 Nov. 29 _, ... 317. 19 July 30.. __._.. 314. 75 Dec. 5...... 312.63 Mar. 26 318. 32 314. 59 1930 317. 71 314.41 Dec. 19__. .._ 313. 87 317. 71 Aug. 20 ._ _ _ 314.03 Jan. 2--.-- .. 318. 15 Aug. 27. 313. 95 Jan. 31.. 319.4 317. 14 Sept. 3__ . 313. 79 Feb. 28_ ...... 318.8 317. 11 313. 71 Mar. 28 317. 85 Sept. 17--. . 313.45 Apr. 25 . 317. 65 Jan. 3-...... 315. 91 317.54 Sept. 24_ ..._. 313.42 May 23. -_.._-. 317. 12 317. 89 31141 July 23.----.. 315. 08 319. 69 May 28 316. 76

* Leveling by IT. S. Engineer Department.

408526 42 13 188 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

643. Doug. Wasson. 8EHNEH sec. 11, T. 15 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, driven Hi inches in diameter and 15 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 3.4 feet above land surface and 379.47 feet' above n.ean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 16_. ______363. 55 370. 54 July 11. _.-.___ Oct.22_....___ 363. 41 Jan. 3______369. 82 370. 90 July 16. ______366.94 Oct. 31-_._.___ 363. 43 Jan. 9______369. 68 Apr. 16__ 369. 77 July 23-. . 366.64 Nov. 7 _--.__ 363. 37 371. 42 Apr. 23_. ..___. 369.00 July30._...._. Nov. 14 _____ 363. 62 Jan. 23__-__-.__ 369. 99 Apr. 30.. _ ___ 368. 85 Aug. 6___...___ 365.30 Nov. 21 _____ 363. 73 Jan. 30 __-_ 368. 13 368. 40 Aug. 13_____ * 363. 50 Dec. 5. ______364. 08 Feb. 6. . . 367. 83 367. 70 364. 53 Dec. 12. ______366. 85 Feb. 13 ---.- 368. 63 May 21. ______« 368. 23 Aug. 27 .._._ 362. 47 Dec. 19__.____ 365. 68 Feb. 21. ______371. 98 May28___ __ 367. 51 Sept. 3...... 364. 73 Dec. 27_-__.___ 366. 22 Feb. 27_-.._ 370.68 366. 89 Sept. 11_____. . 364.98 Dec. 28. ._.._._ 367. 41 372. 44 368. 20 Sept. 17 -. 365.34 Mar. 12.._____, 369. 79 June 18-. ______368. 50 Sept. 24___-____ 365. 10 Mar. 19..- __ . 370. 88 368. 17 Oct. \...... Mar. 26 369. 83 July 2__ ...____ 367. 85

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. * Pump operating in well.

645. L. Hostetler, tenant. NWJ4NEJ4 sec. 19, T. 15 S., R. 3 W. Stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 13 feet deep, at north side of barnyard. Copper nail with washer stamped 15-3-2 in wood platform. Meas­ uring points: Top of wood pump platform at copper nail with washer, about 0.2 foot above land surface and about 326.1 feet 2 above mean sea level; beginning October 5, 1935, bottom of platform, level with top of brick curb and land surface and 325.9 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Wat-r Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Aug. 18--__. __ 315.0 Oct. b...... 325. 15 323.30 Oct. 12__--.___ 313. 80 Jan. 30 -_- 324. 69 322. 74 1929 324. 23 June 18 Oct.31.__.____ 314.68 Feb. 13_. ______324. 68 June 25 321. 71 July4__-..____ 315.5 Nov. 7 314. 62 Feb. 21_____-_. 325. 68 July2_. .____. 320. 13 Aug. 2 _____ . 314.4 314. 72 Feb. 27_.____._ 325. 45 July 11 ______317.88 Sept. 23 -.. 313.6 Nov. 21_..____ 314. 70 325. 34 July 16.____._ 316. 46 Oct. 28.___ . (H) Dec. 5 ______316. 22 Mar. 12 _____ 324. 57 July 23 ______315. 96 Nov. 28 _____ (14) Dec. 12__ 321. 07 Mar. 19 __ 324. 37 July 30. --- 314. 90 Dec. 31__...___ 325.00 Dec. 19_.____. 319. 71 Mar. 26_ _,__ 324. 23 Aug. 6______314. 62 Dec. 27 ______324. 22 Apr. 2--______323. 87 Aug. 13 . 314. 63 1930 Dec. 28 ______323. 49 Aug. 20 _____ 314. 75 Apr. 16 _____ 324. 26 315. 80 Feb. \...... 325. 40 1936 Apr. 23______323. 69 316. 10 Mar. I... ______324. 80 Apr. 30 -- 324. 20 Sept. 11 _____ 316. 36 Mar. 29 .___ 324. 10 Jan. 2____.___ 325. 56 324. 86 Apr. 26____.___ 324. 85 Jan. 3_ __._ . 325. 60 324. 64 Sept. 24. ______316. 30 May28_-__,_._ 320.50 Jan. 9______325. 57 May 21 324. 23 Oct. 1 _____ July 23---- - 314. 28 Jan. 16 __..__ 325. 68 May 28_. ______323. 40

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. * Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. » Well dry. WELL RECORDS 189

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 649. J. W. Cleft. NE^SWH sec. 10, T. 16 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, driven 20.3 feet deep. Measuring points: Lower valve seat of pump, 1.0 foot above land surface and 329.06 feet 2 above mean sea level; begin­ ning November 30, 1935,1.75 feet below valve seat and 327.31 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 17...... 322. 17 326. 47 326. 04 July 16 325. 81 Oct. 24_...... 321. 56 Jan. 10 _ 326. 33 Apr. 16 326. 17 July 23--..--.. 325. 54 Oct. 30_...... 322. 41 Jan. 16 .-.-.. 326. 45 Apr. 23 - 325. 34 July 30 .. ___ 326. 34 Nov. 7...... 322. 46 Jan. 23 326. 33 325. 77 324. 53 Nov. 13 ... . 322. 21 Jan. 30 324. 09 326. 07 Aug. 13 - 322. 62 Nov. 20 323.19 Feb. 6 _ .--_ 323. 07 326. 02 322. 23 Nov. 30---.-. __ 322. 74 Feb. 13 _____ 326. 29 326. 00 Aug. 27 -. 322. 94 322. 67 322. 83 Dec. 12_-___.._ 324. 82 Feb. 27 _- 327. 38 327. 57 322. 57 Dec. 19...... 324.88 Mar. 5- __.__. _ 326. 62 327.54 Sept. 17 322. 41 Dec. 27...... 324.93 Mar. 12...... 325. 49 Mar. 19- -- 326. 03 327. 44 Oct. 1 ..__. 322. 07 Mar. 26 ....- 326. 03 July 2. 327. 40 Apr. 2- --. -_ 326. 00 July 9 327.22 s Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

650. Owner unknown. SE^SWM sec. 23, T. 16 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, driven \M inches in diameter and about 22 feet deep; at east end of barn. Casing stamped 16-5-3 on west side below pump. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.9 feet above land surface and 342.9 feet abovelnean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 A 11 or O4 328.7 Feb. 2. ._ _- 335.7 333.3 Oct. 22 . 327.6 Mar.27 --_ __ 336.7 July 4-.. 332. 15 333.7

653. R. W. Harrington. NEMNEM sec. 14, T. 16 S., R. 4 W. Irrigation well, dug 4J.J feet by 6 feet across and 10.5 feet deep, at west side of driveway 150 feet south of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 16-4-1 in well curb at southwest corner. Measuring point is top of wood curb, at copper nail with washer, level with land surface and 346 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 341. 25 1929 1929 1929 A iif 99 Dec. 16.- Mar. 31...... 343.1 342. 55 Oct. 21. 339.8 Feb. 2 343.5 342.8 Julys.-- .-. 341. 55

661. Celia Belleville. SWMNWMsec. 30, T. 16 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, driven 14.2 feet deep. Measur­ ing point is top of steel drive pipe (no pump), 2.5 feet above land surface and 348.78 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 345. 24 q^c 01 342. 25 Oct. 24 - Apr. 2- 344. 22 342. 05 Oct. 30- . 338. 76 Jan. 23 _ . 345. 64 344. 12 June 25.. __ . 341.87 July 2. 341. 75 339. 33 Feb. 6 344. 74 Apr. 23. 343. 15 July9.--- 341.44 Nov. 20. -. ._ 340. 36 Feb. 13 . 344. 66 343. 20 July 16 _ 341.06 Nov. 30 . 341. 29 Feb. 22 . 346. 64 343. 64 July 23 340. 82 Feb. 27. ... . 343. 52 July 30...--.. (4) (14) 343. 55 340. 70 Dec. l9 __ 343. 67 Mar. 12 344. 10 May 28 342. 61 Aug. 13 340. 95 342. 65 Aug. 20 340. 87

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. i* Well dry. 190 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

663. A. G. Pirtle. SWJ£NEM sec. 17, T: 16 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, driven 1^ inches in diameter and 20.5 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 4.2 feet above land surface and 373.8 feet above mean sea level. Record continued after March 1936 in well 664.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1935 1936 1936 368. 45 Feb. IS 367. 47 Oct. 16 ---_.__ 360. 07 Nov. 21_ __ 362. 12 367.82 Feb. 21. 368. 18 Oct. 22-- ... 360. 10 Jan. 16 -- 368.17 368.63 Oct. 31- Dec. 12. 367. 05 Jan. 23______367.58 Mar. 12 367. 87 Nov. 7 ~-- 359. 99 Dec. 19 __ 367. 02 367. 36 Mar. 19 .. 367. 32 Nov. 14 362. 01 Dec. 27_ 367. 56 Feb. 6. --- 366. 62

664. Millwood Stock Farm. SWJ^SEM sec. 17, T. 16 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, driven 1J._ inches in diameter and 15.1 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, painted red, 3.2 feet above land surface and 379.59 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Feb. 28- Apr. 23. ______Aug. 13 - M$r. 5_ ___ _ Aug. 20 __ 369. 90 Mar. 12-______373. 66 July2__._._.__ 371.56 Aug. 27 _ Mar. 19. _ ____ 372. 57 372.23 Sept. 3______368.59 Mar. 26- 372. 27 May 21. ______373. 00 July 16. ______371.90 Sept. 11 368. 55 Apr. 2-______372. 56 May28______July 23______Sept. 17. ... 368.62 Apr. 9___--____ 372. 91 372. 62 July 30__ 371.00 Sept. 24 - 367. 77 Apr. 16-- 079 cn 370. 22 Oct. 1_ ---

2 Leveling by the U. S. Engineer Department.

680. Leo Sidwell. SWJCNEM sec. 32, T. 16 S., R. 3 W. Irrigation well, dug in field 600 feet west of residence; in 1928-30, 6 feet square and 18.5 feet deep; in 1935-36, back-filled around 36-inch concrete-tile casing. Measuring points: Top of timber well curb, northwest corner, at copper nail with washer, 389.20 feet above mean sea level; from Aug. 8, 1928, to July 4, 1929, top of instrument shelf, at bored hole, 390.48 feet above mean sea level; beginning October 5,1935, inner face at top of concrete-tile casing, marked by painted arrow, level with land surface and 388.98 feet 2 above mean sea level. Water-stage recorder operated on well from September 5,1928, to July 4,1929.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Aug. 21. ______376. 75 Feb. 9_____ 381. 23 June 18______376. 98 Sept. 5 ______376. 69 Mar. 1 377. 72 Sept. 6 ______376. 67 Mar. 29 __ Julv 2 _ 377. 43 Sept. 15___.____ 376. 66 Apr. 26______379. 23 Jan. 30.__. _ 381. 75 Julv 11 ______377. 43 Oct. 8______376. 62 May 28. Feb. 6 July 16_____.__ 377. 36 Oct. 21______376.60 July23______Feb. 13 __ _ 379 80 July 23__ 377. 27 Dec. 16 376.88 July 30___ ._ 377. 08 1935 Feb. 28_ 3S0.02 376. 98 1929 Oct. 5___ 376. 88 Oct. 12_ _ Aug. 20 ______376. 83 Jan. 6______379. 08 Oct. 17_.__ 376. 66 Mar. 19 _ Aug. 27 ______376. 72 Feb. 2. 378.60 Oct. 31 _ 376. 00 Mar. 26__ 379. 71 Sept. 3 _____ 376. 66 Feb. 16_ _ 378. 80 Nov. 7_ _ Sept. 11______Mar. 7 _ 378. 81 Nov. 14___ 378. 35 Sept. 17 ______376. 40 Mar. 31 379. 20 Nov. 21 376. 17 Apr. 18__ 378. 52 Dec. 5_ Oct. !____ ... 376. 55 May 9. ______379. 13 Dec. 12 376. 76 Apr. 30 _ _ 378. 20 June 3_ _ 378. 25 Dec. 19 377. 20 May 7 ______378. 16 Ju1y4______377. 67 378. 77 Sept. 23 ... 377. 85 Oct. 26... 377. 73 1936 Nov. 18. __ . 377. 73 Jan. 2 Dec. 31______380.88 377. 94 377. 06

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 191

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 693. Charles Frisbee, renter. SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 3, T. 17 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 19 feet deep, steel casing, 8 feet south of southeast corner of barn. Casing stamped 17-4-1-2- on south side. Measur­ ing point is top of 3-inch casing, 2.6 feet above land surface and 376.77 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1936 1936 1936 362. 47 Oct. 25_ . ... 361. 53 Feb. 6______369. 39 366. 70 Feb. 13______. 369. 64 366. 45 Nov. 28 .___ Nov. 8 361. 37 Feb. 22_ 368. 69 June 25 366. 28 Nov. 13, ..... Feb. 27______369. 39 July2 ______365. 99 1QQA Nov. 20 -_ July9______.__ 365. 78 Nov 30 362. 09 Mar. 12.. 368. 70 July 16._._____ 365. 19 Jan. 2... _ _ _ 367. 77 Dec. 5__ ._- 362. 13 Mar. 19 __ ___. 368. 16 Julv 23. - 364. 88 Feb. 28...... 368. 09 July30_ . 364. 31 Mar. 28 ...... 368. 17 Dec. 19. _ .... 363. 09 Apr. 2______368. 11 Aug. 6__ ___ 364. 14 Apr. 25_. ______367. 92 Dec. 27...... _ 363. 14 Apr. 9. ______368. 13 Aug. 13 ..-- 363. 55 May 28 Apr. 16______367. 59 Am;. 20______. . 363. 06 July23__.__... 364. 56 1936 Apr. 23_ ..... 367. 58 Aug. 27 - 363. 09 Apr. 30 - 367. 46 Sept. 3 ______363. 08 1935 Jan. 3.,- .... 366. 74 367. 73 Sept. 11 - 362. 94 Jan. 10_ _._ 368. 05 May 14______. 367. 45 Sept. 17 _____ 362. 49 Oct. 5...... 361. 67 367. 31 Sept. 24. .... 362. 30 Oct. n_.__..___ 361. 69 Jan. 23__ . ... 369. 05 May28_ 367. 19 Oct. 1...... 361.88 Oct. 18______362. 03 Jan. 30 ..____._ 368. 13 367.07

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

694. A. M. Rickman. SWJ4SWJ4 sec. 3, T. 17 S., R. 4 W. Irrigation well, dug 5 feet in diameter and 15 feet deep; destroyed in September 1929. Measuring point is top of plank spanning well, level with land surface and 374 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1928 1929 1929 364.9 367.9 Feb. 2 ______371.8 368. 52 Oct. 21.. _-___ 364. 00 Mar. 27, ______369. 90 Julv 4_. ______367. 05 365.50

699. John Peterson. SW .4SWJ4 sec. 20, T. 17 S., R. 4 W. Well driven 34.2 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.7 feet above land surface and 380.1 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 19_6 1936 Oct. 17_ _ 369. 68 375. 25 374. 04 Aug. 6 371. 81 q/>n 74 O7C OQ 374. 06 Aug. 13 - 371. 64 Oct. 30...... 374. 05 Ausr. 20------370. 84 Nov. 8 - . 369. 75 Tan ^n 374. 69 370. 62 374 56 Sept. 3 370. 53 Nov. 20 -__ Feb. 13 374 48 May 28 374. 62 Sept. ll 370. 24 Nov. 30 ____ 371. 29 Feb. 22- 377. 07 374. 67 Sept. 17 - 370. 02 375. 71 370. 03 Dec. 12 373. 07 Oct. !_...... 369. 88 Dec. 19--.. -__ 373. 62 Mar. 12 ... 375. 57 372. 84 Dec. 27.----.. 373. 57 Mar. 19 . 375. 48 July2 __..____ 373. 04 Mar. 26 375. 51 July9. -.- . 372. 61 1936 Apr. 2. _ 375. 19 Julvlfi------372. 46 375. 21 Julv 23-- . .. 372. 17 Jan. 3...... 375. 05 Apr. 16- 374. 24 July 30. -..--- 371. 92

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 192 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1936-86 Con_

702. Clara Blais. SEHNWJ4 sec. 26, T. 17 S., R. 4 W. Well driven 17.7 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.0 feet above land surface and 402.32 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date Ipvel Date Ipvel Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 17 __.-__ 388. 79 Jan. 10 ______394.11 Apr. 16.. .. 396. 39 July 23...... 392. 25 Oct. 24 _--_.__ 388. 68 one 91 Apr. 23______395. 96 Oct. 30 ______388. 63 Jan. 23_ _ 391. 44 Nov. 8 ___ 388. 72 Jan. 30____ 396. 04 391.06 Nov. 14 _... . 388. 64 Feb. 6 ______397. 01 May 14______391.70 Aug. 20_...... 390. 91 Nov. 20 ______388. 93 Feb. 13______OQ7 co Aug. 27___ __. __ 389. 33 Nov. 30 389. 05 Feb. 22 395. 84 389. 24 Dec. 5 ______3 _). 15 Feb. 27 395. 91 Sept. 11 ...- 388. 61 Dec. 12- . 389. 99 one no 388. 31 Dec. 19______389. 84 Mar. 12. ______397. 29 June 18. . . 394. 83 Sept. 24...... 387. 93 Dee. 27 __._-_ 389. 91 Mar 19 394. 69 387. 78 Mar. 25______397. 19 July 2...... 394. 41 Apr. 2 ______396. 43 July9__. ______393. 8fi Jan. 3 ----- 393.00 A nr Q July 16......

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

707. George T. Morrill. NEJ4NEJ4 see. 20, T. 17 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, driven- 1H inches in diam­ eter and 16.7 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 4.7 feet above land surface and 427.24 feet - above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1933 1935 1936 Oct. 15. ______408. 28 413. 96 July 23______410. 92 Oct. 22 ___ 408. 14 Jan. 1(5 __ . __ 411.47 Apr. 23. ______412. 72 July 30-_ __- 410.20 Oct. 31 ______408. 09 Jan. 23 411.97 Apr. 30 . 413. 54 Aug. 6 - 410. 12 Nov. 7 .. 407. 99 Jan. 30 413. 64 Aug. 13___ -_._ _ 409.60 Nov. 14 __ . 407. 88 Feb. 6----. .. 412. 32 413. 77 Aug. 20 __.._ 409. 96 Nov. 21______407. 96 Feb. 13. ______413. 59 Aug. 27______409. 69 Dec. 5. ______408. 08 Feb. 21.... - May 28. ______413. 66 Sept. 3- - 409.62 Dec. 12 ..__ 408. 56 Feb. 28______413. 54 June 4 ______413. 16 Sept. !!____ _ 409.46 Dee. 19______408. 03 413.47 Sept. 17 - 409. 70 Dec. 27__-..___ 408. 21 Mar. 12__.__ ._ 414. 39 412. 65 Sept. 24...... 409. 48 Mar. 19______414. 14 June 25______412.39 Oct. !______409.10 1936 Mar. 26_____.__ 413. 60 July2 ______412. 05 Apr. 3 _ July 11_. ______411.25 Jan. 2... _____ 408. 66 413. 87 July 16... - 411.07

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

712. Chase Gardens. SWJ4SEJ4 sec. 28, T. 17 S., R. 3 W. Irrigation well, dug 4 feet square and 20 feet deep, in field 750 feet west of greenhouses. Measuring point is top of tee in discharge pipe (second tee above pump), 1.0 foot below land surface and 430 feet above mean sea level (interpolated). Well was inaecessible- for water-level measurements in 1935-36.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 1930 Julv 21 ... 415.3 Mar. 31____ 417. 50 Nov. 29 _____ 413. 30 Mar. 29_____ 417. 65 Aug. 25 414.4 Alay 9 418.0 417. 30- Apr. 26______416. 70 Oct. 21 ______413.7 416.4 May 28 - 415. 15 Dec. 16. . . 414.4 Julv3____. _ 415.7 1930 July 23-. 414. 77 414. 85 la_.3 Feb. 1_ __.__ 417. 30 Feb. 2 _ ... 416. 95 419. 40 INDEX

Page Page Abstract.. ___-______1-2 French Prairie, water supply of-..___-... 49-51 Acknowledgments for aicL____-_-______5 Furrow, M. E., section of well of------143 Agricultural Research Corporation, section of well of 138 Geologic maps of the Willamette Valley _. pis. 1-2 Albany, climate at . ______.__ 14,16-18 (in pocket) ground water near__ -______-__ 44,47,48 Geology and hydrology of the area -19-41, Alexander, A. L., section of well of_-_____ 134 pis. 1-2,4-9 Alluvium in the area.---____ 27-32, pis. 1-2,4-7 Gervais, city of, section of well of------139 Analyses of water from representative wells- - _ 60-63 Gooding, William, section of well of-__ 137 Ground water, chemical character of .__ 27.56-64 Beebe, Mrs., section of well of.______135 dependability of supply of______40-41 Bethel School well, section of______._ 143 fluctuations of level of______34-39,144-192 Bibliography______5-8 for irrigation, suitability of_---.- - - 59,64 Bingenheimer well, section of______-_ 143 in relation to rainfall and streams- 39-40, pis. 1-2 Brownsville, ground water near- ______47 previous reports on - 3,65 Oanby, section of well of ____-_____ 135 Harrisburg, ground water near. 46 Canby fan, water supply of __.______45 Cascade formation, occurrence and water­ Illahe formation, occurrence and water-bearing bearing properties of______. 23,24 properties of _-_ _ - __ 23 Cascade Range, features of. ______9 Independence, alluvium at -______48 Central lowland, subdivisions of, in relation to ground water near,______.._. 48 ground water __ 41-54, pis. 1-2, 7,10 Index map of Oregon showing areas covered by Chemical character of the ground water in the ground-water reports ___ __ 3 area. -____- __-_-_-____ 56-64 Investigation, purpcsa and scope of ___ 4-5 Climate of the area-__ ___-______12-19 Irrigation, water suitable for.______59,64 Coburg, ground water near______46 Junction City, ground water near. ______46 Collier Glacier, view of--______pi. 4 wat T supply of ___ -_ - _ - 46 Columbia River, alluvial plain of, water sup­ Junction City well, section of______143 ply of--______._____ 45-46 Conser well, section of ______142 Keasey shale, occurrence and water-bearing Consolidated and semiconsolidated rocks, properties of------__ _ 22 general character of-___- 19-20, pis. 1-2 structure of _.._-_-_---...--__---- 20-23 Ladd well, section of- ____-______. 132 water-bearing properties of__ _------24-27 Lebanon alluvial fan, water supply of-- 45 Corvallis, climate at___ __. ______14-18 Libby, McNeill & Libby well, section of. . 133- ground water near --_------48 Lloyd Corporation, Inc., section of well of_.. 131 Corvallis Creamery Co. well, section of_-__ 131 Cottage Farm, Oregon State Hospital, section Main valley plain, Brownsville-Albany seg­ of well of------_- 142 ment- --___ .______--_ 47 Canby fan segment _.____. _._ 45 Dayton Prairie, water supply of _ _.... 51-53 Coburg-Harrisburg segment--_._._ 46 Eastern-Western Lumber Co., section of well Corvallis segment____ _-_--.-- .--. 48 of_. .--__-_----.------___------. 140 Dayton Prairie segment.______. 51 53 Elmira, ground water near . _------46-47 Elmira segment 46-47 Eugene, climate at_____------__ 14,16-18 Eugene-Junction City segment ._ .. 46 ground water near- ___-_ __--._------46 French Prairie segment 49-51 Eugene formation, occurrence and water­ Lebanon fan segment __... 45 bearing properties of------__ 22,26 minor segments near Albany ------48 Monmouth-Independence segment------48 Field work in the area __ --- _ _ 4-5 Spring'-eld delta segment_ 43-44 Fishel, V. C., analyses by-.__------__-_ 31 Stayton-Mill Creek tasin _--.- 48^9 Fisher formation, occurrence and water­ Tualatin Valley segment- - _ - 53 bearing properties of------22, 26 Mark, J. C., section of well of------.-- 137 Flowing wells, occurrence of- ___ _ 55-56, pi. 1 Masonic and Eastern Star Home well, section Foster, M. D., analyses by __....___ 60-63 of - -. ------130 Frank, Aaron, well 2, section of_ _-_.._. 133 Materials penetrated by typical wells 130-143 193 194 INDEX

Page Mattoon, J. C., section of well of ______135 Stayton, ground water near_...... ____ 48 Mill Creek basin, ground water...______48 Stayton lavas, occurrence and water-bearing Molalla pediment, features of ______33-34 properties of__-_--_.__-_-___-.__ 23, 24 water supply of ______53-54 Stayton-Mill Creek basin, water supply of_.__ 48-491 Monmouth, ground water near.______48 Stratigraphic sections of the rocks in the area.. 22-23, 130-143 Northwestern Ice & Cold Storage Co., section Structure in the area_ __-_-___-_____-.-.._ 20-21 of well of ______133 Stryker, A. W., section of well of-_-__-__-____ 141 Surface features of the area-..--.____ 8-12, pis. 1, 2 Oregon Coast Range, features of ______8-9 Oregon Linen Mills, Inc., section of well of____ 141 Temperature in the area______.____.___ 14 Oregon State Hospital, well 3, section of___.__ 142 Terminal Ice & Cold Storage Co. well, section Oregon State Hospital-, Cottage Farm, section of______---___,-_-___-__.__-_-____ 13f of well of____.______142 Terrace deposit in the area. ______32-34, pis. 1-2,8 Oregon State Penitentiary, section of well of.. 142 Topography of the area______8-12, pis. 1,2 Oregon State Training School, section of well Troutdale formation, occurrence and water­ of--_-_---_-.____-_-_-____-_.--___ 139 bearing properties of__...... 23, 24 Pittsburg Bluff sandstone, occurrence and Tualatin Valley, water supply of ______53 water-bearing properties of______22,26 Pleasantdale School, section of well of__._____ 136 TJnconsolidated deposits, general character of.. 27- Portland, climate at-______-______13-18 34, pis. 1-2,4-8 Portland "delta," features of______34 water in__._-__-_---__.___.. 34-41, pis. 1-2, 9 water supply of ______54 United States Resettlement Administration, Precipitation on the area__-__\_-___.______13-19 Yamhill Farms, unit 6, section of Public Works Engineering Corporation, sec­ well of___.____.-____-______..__. 137 tion of well of _.___-.._____.____ 140,141 unit 16, section of well of______.____. 136 Purpose and scope of the investigation.______4-5 unit 19, section of well of______..__ 136 unit 24, section of well of______138 Rainfall. See Precipitation. unit 68, section of well of______136 Rhododendron formation, occurrence and unit 85, section ofwellof._.___..______132 water-bearing properties of ______23,24 Roberts, H. A., section of well of______134 Water. See Ground water. Rockwood Water District well, section of___._ 134 Water-bearing materials, physical properties of...... --- _- __. 31 Salem, climate at_____.______14-18 Water table, form and fluctuations of...._._- 34-39, ground water near---__---_---___-______' 44 pis. 1-2,9 Salty to brackish water in consolidated s,edi- Wells, flowing,..___-_-_-_-_____-_.-_-.______- 55-56 mentary rocks ______27,64 materials penetrated by__----_----___-- 130-143 Scappoose Dike District well, section of__---_' 130 records of______-_____.._____ 66-129 Sedimentary rocks equivalent to Tyee and water level in------.-.---.-...------.. 144-192 Burpee formations, occurrence and Williams, F. L. section of well of______._ 134 water-bearing properties of_ _._ 22,26-27 Willamette River, alluvial piain of.__ 10-12,42-53 Snowfall. See Precipitation. Woodburn, city of, section of well of..-.___ 139 Southern Pacific Railroad Co., Woodburn station, section of well of.____._- 139 Yakima basalt, occurrence and water-bearing Springfield delta, water supply of_ __--.. 43-44, pi. 7 properties of.______22,24-26 o

CONTENTS

Page Abstract.___-_--______-_------__------_-_--_--_- 1 Introduction.. ______-______-______-______--_----____..__----_ 2 Location and extent of the area_____-______,.^___-_-__-__-__-___ 2 Purpose and scope of the investigation.____,+ _u.______4 Acknowledgments-_-_-___-______--______--_--______-_-_ 5 Bibliography______-______..______--__-__-______-__,. 5 Surface features of the Willamette Valley______-______-____ & Climate. ____-__-___-__-______12: Geology and hydrology of the consolidated and semiconsolidated rocks. __ 19 General character, succession, and age of the rocks ______19 Structure____-____--__--______--______----______-___-__ 20 Water-bearing properties.______24 Geology and hydrology of the unconsolidated deposits______---_-__ 27 General character, extent, and thickness of the deposits ______27 Younger alluvium______27 Older alluvium and related deposits______. 28 Terrace deposit and related alluvial materials ______32 Occurrence, source, and disposal of water in the unconsolidated de­ posits ______34 Form and fluctuations of the water table-______34 Relation of ground water to rainfall and streams,______39 Dependability of the ground-water supply._--_---______40 Subdivisions of the central lowland with respect to yield of ground water. 41 Flowing wells,______55 Chemical character of the ground water.______56 Well records-___-_--____-_-______-______"_ 65 Index, ______193 m ILLUSTRATIONS

Page PLATE 1. Geologic map of the northern part of the Willamette Valley, Oregon.______In pocket 2. Geolpgic map of the southern part of the Willamette Valley, Oregon______In pocket 3. A, Three-Fingered Jack, viewed southward across Marion Lake; B, Three Sisters, viewed southward from McKenzie. Pass across a young lava field.______10 4. A, Collier Glacier, viewed from its western lateral moraine; North Sister Peak in the background; B, Younger alluvium of of the McKenzie River; material from lower part of well 680_ 34 5. Younger alluvium of the Willamette River. A, Gravel pit in the SE% sec. 8, T. 11 S., R. 4 W.; B, Pit of East Side Sand & Gravel Co. near Corvallis, in the SW% sec. 2, T. 12 S., R. 5 W______34 6. Older alluvium and related deposits. A, Exposure in the NW% sec. 1, T. 16 S., R. 4. W.; B, Highway cut in the NW% sec. 7, T. 4 S., R. 1 E., showing faint stratification.______34 7. Map of the Willamette Valley showing thickness of younger and older alluvium, terrace deposit, and related materials. __ 34 8. A, Decomposed terrace deposit in highway cut in the N}£ sec. 32, T. 12 S., R. 1 W.; B, Cross-bedded sand and gravel exposed in cut along the Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway, 0.1 mile north of Lombard Street, Portland ______34 9. Water-level fluctuations in 12 wells in the Willamette Valley and at two stations oa the Willamette River, 1928-30 and 1935-36_ 50 10. Map of the Willamette Valley showing principal subareas of the central lowland with respect to yield of ground water______50 FIGTTRE 1. Index map of Oregon showing drainage divide of the Willamette River, area covered by plates 1 and 2, and areas covered by other reports relating to ground water. ______3 2. Maximum, average, and minimum monthly rainfall at three climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1896-1935.__ 15 3. Chemical character of waters from 20 wells in the Willamette Valley..-____._--__-______-_------_----- 58 IV TABLES

Page TABLE 1. Monthly, seasonal, and yearly averages and extremes of cli­ matic elements at Portland, Oreg., in the period ending with 1930___------__--__-_------______13 2. Monthly temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, at five climato- logic stations in the Willamette Valley, in the period ending with 1930______-____---__-__-__-______14 3. Maximum, average, and minimum monthly and yearly rain­ fall and snowfall, in inches, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette VaUey, 1896-1935______16 4. Maximum rates of precipitation, in inches, at Portland, Oreg., in the period ending with 1930______17 5. Yearly rainfall and snowfall, also surplus or deficiency with respect to 40-year average, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1872-1937- ______17 6. Stratigraphic sections and general water-bearing properties of consolidated and semiconsolidated rocks bounding the central lowland of the Willamette River Basin______22 7. Physical properties of water-bearing materials from well 245_ 31 8. Approximate limits indicating the suitability of a water for irrigation.______59 9. Chemical analyses of water from representative wells in the Willamette Valley______60 10. Wells in the Willamette Valley for which records of ground- water levels have been published in other water-supply papers- ______65 11. Records of wells in the Willamette VaUey and adjacent area, Oregon.______66 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells______130 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36. 144 V

GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREGON

By ARTHUR M. PIPER

ABSTRACT The drainage basin of the Willamette River lies in western Oregon between the Oregon Coast Range on the west and the Cascade Range on the east. It is about 170 miles long from north to south and covers about 11,350 square miles. The central lowland, with whose ground-water resources this report is concerned, covers nearly 3,000 square miles and ranges in altitude from 25 to 450 feet above sea level. On this lowland the average yearly rainfall is slightly less than 40 inches, but the average rainfall for the period May to August is only 4.2 inches, less than is needed to mature many crops. Thus, supplemental irrigation is profitable. The central lowland comprises a main valley plain, remnants of at least one higher terrace with a pediment and certain other related features, and relatively narrow trenches cut into the main valley plain. These trenches are occupied by the Willamette River and its tributaries. This lowland constitutes the most extensive single agricultural area in Oregon. The area is covered with uncon- solidated Quaternary deposits which, of all the rock formations in the basin, are those most likely to yield continuous large supplies of water to wells. The bedrock formations that underlie the unconsolidated deposits of the low­ land and form the foothills and mountains to the east and west include marine and nonmarine sedimentary rocks that range in age from late Eocene to Miocene (?), and fragmental and nonfragmental volcanic rocks and associated detrital rocks that range in age from Oligocene (?) to Recent. The rocks of Miocene age and older are deformed by broad shallow folds and possibly by faults of small extent and displacement. Of the several bedrock formations, only the Yakima basalt of Miocene age yields water copiously over an extensive area; some wells in this rock yield as much as 500 gallons a minute, whereas others yield only a few gallons. Certain detrital and fragmental bedrock formations supply water copiously near Portland. The remaining bedrock formations, which together underlie most of the central lowland, are either impervious or yield water slowly or contain brackish water and brine. They supply numerous farm wells in the foothills but are not liekly to yield large supplies of fresh water from beneath the central lowland. In general the terrace deposit and related pediment gravel are thoroughly weathered and nearly impervious. At most places they yield water slowly and are not an adequate source of water for irrigation wells. The older alluvium and related deposits form the main lowland plain, some 1,100 square miles in extent between Eugene at the southern or upstream end and Canby at the downstream end. They rest on an eroded bedrock surface and range in thickness from a feather edge along the margins of the plain to a maximum 1 2 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. of about 300 feet. Their aggregate volume is estimated as not less than 80,000,- 000 acre-feet, or 23/£ cubic miles; their aggregate water-storage capacity is about 6,000,000 acre-feet. These deposits form a plain that is divided into two nearly equal segments separated by a rock-bound narrows about 21 miles long. The southern segment is composed of several broad alluvial fans and interven­ ing flats. In the fans especially, the older alluvium contains many lentils and tongues of clean gravel and sand that supply as much as 500 gallons of water a minute to wells of shallow or moderate depth and of the simplest construction. Efficiently constructed wells penetrating the full thickness of the deposit very probably would yield much more copiously. The water-bearing capacity of the older alluvium is not equal in all parts of this area; with respect to potential yield, several subdivisions of the area are delimited tentatively in the full text. In this southern segment of the plain, ground-water storage increases about 500,000 acre-feet each winter, chiefly by infiltration of rain; storage declines an equal amount during the summer and autumn, chiefly by drainage into the streams. By pumping from wells, a substantial fraction of this yearly ground-water incre­ ment can doubtless be salvaged for supplemental irrigation and other uses. At least two distinct sorts of ground-water bodies underlie the northern seg­ ment of the main plain: unconfined water that is semiperched at shallow depth beneath the "prairies" and confined water in extensive pervious zones, which in one typical well are about 70, 120, and 220 feet beneath the surface. These deeper pervious zones tend to feather out and to become less pervious toward the north and west; also, at some places they terminate by overlap against the impermeable bedrock. The semiperched water bodies are recharged by infiltration of rain on the main plain; they supply many domestic and farm wells but will not sustain large withdrawals for irrigation. The confined water presumably is derived from a catchment area to the south and east. It supplies wells that yield as much as 1,000 gallons a minute with maximum pumping lifts of about 60 feet. Doubtless it would supply several or many times its present draft, though increased with­ drawal inevitably will entail some increase in lift. Beneath the flood plains of the Willamette River and its principal tributaries, the younger alluvium is highly pervious at most places. It supplies as much as 1,000 gallons of water a minute to wells of simple construction and would doubt­ less sustain a much larger aggregate withdrawal. However, through the rock- bound narrows in the central part of the valley and at some other places where the alluvium is thin and rests directly on impervious bedrock, wells may not find a sufficient thickness of water-bearing material to yield water copiously, especially in late summer and autumn, when the ground-water level is lowest. In chemical character the water from all the unconsolidated deposits of the Willamette Valley is satisfactory for most uses. In 31 samples of water from these deposits, the hardness ranged from about 10 to 150 parts per million, so that softening or treating to prevent the formation of scale is not necessary for some uses and not unduly costly for any use. Some waters from these deposits contain an excessive amount of iron as much as 5.27 parts per million; water high in dissolved iron is most common in the older alluvium beneath the northern half of the main valley plain. At many places the bedrocks, especially the sedi­ mentary rocks of marine origin, yield water of excessive hardness or so concen­ trated in dissolved mineral constituents as to be unsatifactory for ordinary uses. INTRODUCTION LOCATION AND EXTENT OF TEE AREA The drainage basin of the Willamette River, the ground-water features of whose central and lower parts are described in this report, covers about 11,350 square miles in western Oregon (fig. 1). This INTRODUCTION 4 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

basin is approximately 170 miles long, from north to south, and as much as 100 miles wide. On the east it is bounded by the Cascade Range and on the west by the Coast Range; its northern and southern boundaries are largely in mountainous terrene of less relief. The central valley plains and adjacent terraces, known locally as the Willamette Valley, cover nearly 3,000 square miles; this part of the drainage area is represented on plates 1 and 2.

PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE INVESTIGATION The investigation wiiose findings are here presented was suggested by the Department of Soils, of the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, and was carried on by the Geological Survey, of the United States Department of the Interior. These two agencies have shared in the cost of the field work and of the preparation of this report for publication. The primary aim of the investigation was to determine the feasibility of recovering water from wells for irrigation on the extensive fertile lowland and in this way supplementing the natural supply of soil moisture which is deficient during the greater part of the growing season in most years. (See p. 14.) Such assurance of moisture for fully maturing the growing crops would aid materially in stabilizing agriculture in the area. Field work in the Willamette Valley was started by the writer in July 1928 and was continued during the remainder of that season and through the next. Critical hydrologic records were kept continuously until June 1930. Preparation of this report was deferred in favor of similar ground-water investigations of The Dalles region in the north-central part of Oregon, during 1930; 1 of the Harney Basin in the southeastern part, in 1930-32; 2 of the Walla Walla Basin in the northeastern part, in 1933 ; 3 and of cooperative preliminary studies in several small districts in the State. In 1935-36 the United States Engineer Department gathered many data on ground-water levels in the Willamette Valley; this work was supervised by the writer. This report was prepared in 1937-38 through renewed cooperation between the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station and the United States Geological Survey, utilizing all data from the field work of 1928-30 and 1935-36. The Willamette Valley is so extensive that the time spent in the field permitted only a moderately intensive study of broad ground-water features. Briefly, this involved reconnaissance mapping of the 1 Piper, A. M., Geology and ground-water resources of The Dalles region, Oregon: U. S. Qeol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 659, pp. 107-189, 1932. 2 Piper, A. M., Robinson, T.W.. and Park, C. F., Jr., Geology and ground-water resources of the Harney Basin, Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 841, 189 pp., 1910. 3 Piper, A. M., Robinson, T. W., and Thomas, H. E., Ground water in the Walla Walla Basin, Oregon- Washington: Supreme Court of the United States, October 1935, in equity, State of Washington vs. State of Oregon, Transcript of Record, stipulations and exhibits, pp. 72-142, Oct. 14,1935. INTRODUCTION 5 several unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age that form the low­ lands in the central part of the basin (pis. 1 and 2), keeping records of the construction and performance of typical wells, and periodically measuring the water level in a widespread net of observation wells. From these data, this report seeks to differentiate the several water­ bearing zones in depth below the land surface, in lateral extent, and in water-yielding capacity; to delimit the catchment areas from which the ground-water supply is replenished; and to evaluate the natural subdivisions of the lowland by relative capacity to sustain large withdrawals of water for irrigation and other purposes. The scope of the investigation does not afford a close estimate of the safe ground-water yield of the Willamette Valley that is, of the quantity that could be withdrawn year after year without eventually so deplet­ ing the supply that further withdrawal at that rate would become impossible or uneconomic.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Orderly progress in a regional field study such as that in the Willa­ mette Valley results in a large measure from cooperation by many persons on whom a writer is necessarily dependent. The drillers and owners of wells in the Willamette Valley have contributed many essential records. Among his colleagues in the Geological Survey, the writer is indebted to T. W. Robinson for temporary assistance in the field during 1929, to H. E. Thomas for a considerable share in com­ piling the geologic map (pis. 1 and 2) from the writer's field sheets, and to Margaret D. Foster for chemical analyses of water samples from representative wells (table 4). T. R. Cantine, W. E. Emrick, and Arthur King, temporary employees, recorded the fluctuations in ground-water level during the greater part of the 2-year period ending June 1930. The field work in the Willamette Valley and the preparation of this report were under the direction of O. E. Meinzer, geologist in charge of the Division of Ground Water, United States Geological Survey. To him the writer is grateful for technical counsel. Acknowledgment is due also to J. T. Jardine, director of the Oregon Agricultural Ex­ periment Station at the time, and to W. L. Powers, head of the De­ partment of Soils in that agency, for many courtesies which made the field work more effective.

BIBLIOGRAPHY The geologic features of the Willamette River basin with specific reference to ground-water resources had not been studied prior to 1928, nor had the areal geology been mapped. Nevertheless, the geologic literature on the area is fairly extensive. The following 6 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. bibliography notes the publications that are pertinent to the present investigation: ALLISON, I. S., Spokane flood south of Portland, Oreg. [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 57, p. 64, 1932; Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 43, pp. 133-134, 1932; Glacial erratics in the Willamette Valley: GeoJ. Soc. America Bull., vol. 46, pp. 615-632, 1935; Late Pleistocene topographic correlations on Pacific coast [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 63, p. 310, 1935; Geol. Soc. America Proc., 1935, p. 333, 1936; Pleistocene alluvial stages in northwestern Oregon: Science, new ser., vol. 83, pp. 441-443, 1936. ARNOLD, RALPH, and HANNIBAL, HAROLD, Marine Tertiary stratigraphy of the Pacific Coast of America: Am. Philos. Soc. Proc., vol. 52, pp. 559-605, 1913. BRETZ, J. H., Satsop formation of Oregon and Washington: Jour. Geology, vol. 25, pp. 446-458, 1917; Late Pleistocene submergence in the Columbia Valley of Oregon and Washington: Jour. Geology, vol. 27, pp. 489-506, 1919; Spokane flood beyond the channeled scablands: Jour. Geology, vol. 33, pp. 252-257, 1925; Bars of channeled scabland: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 39, pp. 643-702, 1928. BTTDDINGTON, A. F., an'd CALLAGHAN, EUGENE, Dioritic intrusive rocks and con­ tact metamorphism in the Cascade Range in Oregon: Am. Jour. Sci., 5th ser., vol. 31, pp. 421-449, 1936. BTTWALDA, J. P., Pleistocene and Recent topographic changes in the Pacific Coast States: Nat. Research Council Bull., No. 61, pp. 39-43, 1927. CALLAGHAN, EUGENE, Some features of the volcanic sequence in the Cascade Range in Oregon: Am. Geophys. Union Trans. 14th Ann. Meeting, 1933, pp. 243-249; Some aspects of the geology of the Cascade Range in Oregon [abstract]: Washington Acad. Sci. Jour., vol. 24, pp. 190-191, 1934. CALLAGHAN, EUGENE, and BUDDINGTON, A. F., Metalliferous mineral deposits of the Cascade Range in Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 893, pp. 7-22, 1938. CRANEY, R. W., Ecological significance of the Eagle Creek flora of the Columbia River Gorge: Jour. Geology, vol. 26, pp. 577-592, 1918; Further discussion of the ecological composition of the Eagle Creek flora [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 31, p. 222, 1920; The flora of the Eagle Creek formation: Chicago Univ., Walker Museum, Contr., vol. 2, pp. 115-181, 1920. CHANEY, R. W., and SANBORN, E. I., The Goshen flora of west-central Oregon: Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub. 439, Contr. Paleontology, 103 pp., 1933. CONDON, THOMAS, Willamette Sound: Overland Monthly, v©l. 7, pp. 468-473, 1871; Oregon geology: a revision of "The Two islands" (edited by E. C. McCornack), 187 pp., Portland, Oreg., J. K. Gill Co., 1910. CUSHMAN, J. A., and SCHENCK, H. G., Two foraminiferal faunules from the Oregon Tertiary: California Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 17, pp. 305- 324, 1928. DARTON, N. H., Structural materials in parts of Oregon and Washington: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 387, 33 pp., 1909. DILLEE, J. S., A geological reconnaissance in northwestern Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey 17th Ann. Rept., pt. 1, pp. 441-520, 1896. FELTS, W. M., Analysis of Willamette Valley fill [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 64, p. 69, 1935; Geol. Soc. America Proc. 1935, p. 346, 1936. HARRISON, G. D., and EATON, ARTHUR, Report on the investigation of oil and gas possibilities of western Oregon: Mineral Resources of Oregon, vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 3-37, Oregon Bur. Mines and Geology, 1920. HERTLEIN, L. G., and CRICKMAY, C. H., A summary of the nomenclature and stratigraphy of the marine Tertiary of Oregon and Washington: Am. Philos. Soc. Proc., vol. 64, pp. 224-282, 1925. INTRODUCTION 7

HODGE, E. T., Geology of Oregon Cascades [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 38, pp. 204-205, 1927; Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 47, p. 157, 1927; Composition and structure of the Cascade Mountains in central Oregon, [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 38, pp. 162-163, 1927; Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 47, p. 157, 1927; Mount Multnomah, ancient ancestor of the Three Sisters: Oregon Univ. Pub., vol. 3, No. 2, 160 pp., 1925 [abstract]; Am. Jour. Sci., 5th ser., vol. 13, p. 270, 1927; Age of Columbia River and lower canyon [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 44, pp. 156-157, 1933'; Geology of the lower Columbia River: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 49, pp. 839-888. 1938. HOWE, H. VAN W., Correlation of the Empire formation, Oregon [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 32, p. 147, 1921; Faunal and stratigraphic relations of the Empire formation, Coos Bay, Oreg.: California Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 14, pp. 85-114, 1922; Astoria, mid-Tertic type of Pacific coast: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 45, pp. 295-306, 1926. McCoRNACK, E. C., A study of Oregon Pleistocene: Oregon Univ. Bull., new ser., vol. 3, No. 5, 1906; Study of Oregon Pleistocene the Oregon Desmostylus skull: Oregon Univ. Bull., new ser., vol. 12, No. 2, p. 13, 1914; Contributions to the Pleistocene history of Oregon: Oregon Univ. Leaflet, Geology Bull.,. vol., 6, No. 3, 23 pp., 1920. PARKS, H. M., Road materials in the Willamette Valley: Oregon Bur. Mines Bull. 1, 63, pp , 1911. RATHBTJN, M. J., The fossil stalk-eyed Crustacea of the Pacific slope of North. America: U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 138, 155 pp., 1926. SCHENCK, H. G., A preliminary report on the geology of the Eugene quadrangle,. Lane and Linn Counties, Oreg.: Oregon Univ., unpublished thesis, 1923; Physiography of the Eugene quadrangle, Oregon [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 36, p. 203, 1925; Diatoms in western Oregon shales: Econ. Geology, vol. 22, pp. 565-568, 1927; Marine Oligocene of Oregon: Cali­ fornia Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 16, pp. 449-460, 1927; Stratigraphic relations of western Oregon Oligocene formations: California Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 18, pp. 1-50, 1928; The Pittsburg Bluff fauna of the Oregon Oligocene [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 40, pp. 163-164r 1929; Cephalopods of the genus Aturia from western North America: Cali­ fornia Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Bull., vol. 19, pp. 435-490, 1931; Stratigraphic and fauna! relations of the Keasey formation of the Oligocene of Oregon: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 44, p. 217, 1933; Nuculid bivalves of the genus Acila: Geol. Soc. America Spec. Papers, No. 4, pp. 41-44, 1936. SCHENOK, H. G., and KLEJNPELL, R. M., Foraminifera from Gaviota formation [Calif.] [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 64, p. 76, 1935; Geol. Soc. America Proc., 1935, p. 352, 1936. SMITH, W. D., Petroleum possibilities of western Oregon: Econ. Geology, vol. 19, pp. 455-465, 1924. SMITH, W. D., Summary of the salient features of the Oregon Cascades: Oregon Univ. Bull., new ser., vol. 14, No. 16, 1917; [abstract] Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 29, p. 81, 1918. SMITH, W. D., and PACKARD, E. L., Salient features of the geology of Oregon: Oregon Univ. Bull., new ser., vol. 16, No. 7, 42 pp., 1919; Jour. Geology, vol. 27, pp. 79-120, 1919. THAYER, T. P., Structural relation of central Willamette Valley to Cascade Mountains [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 59, p. 317, 1933; Geol. Soc. America Proc. 1933, p. 315, 1934; Structure of North Santiam section of the Oregoi} Cascades [abstract]: Pan-Am. Geologist, vol. 61, p. 319, 1934; Geol. 8 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Soc. America Proc., 1934, pp. 324-325, 1935; Structure of the North San- tiam River section of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon: Jour. Geology, vol. 44, pp. 701-716, 1936. WASHBTJKNE, CHESTER, Reconnaissance of the geology and oil prospects of northwestern Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 590, 108 pp., 1914. WELLS, F. G., and WATERS, A. C., Quicksilver deposits of southwestern Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 850, pp. 5-23, 1934. WILLIAMS, I. A., The Columbia River Gorge its geologic history interpreted from the Columbia River Highway: Mineral Resources of Oregon, vol. 2, No. 3, 130 pp., Oregon Bur. Mines and Geology, 1916.

SURFACE FEATURES OF THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY The Willamette River Basin has high relief and considerable diver­ sity in its land forms. With respect to major surface features it may be divided into three parts, coextensive with parts of three physio­ graphic sections of the United States as recognized by Fenneman.4 In order from west to east these are: (1) The Oregon Coast Range section of the Pacific Border province, which includes about 15 per­ cent of the basin; (2) the Puget Trough section, also of the Pacific Border province, whose part in Oregon covers about 25 percent of the basin and is roughly coextensive with the central lowland plains and terraces; and (3) the Middle Cascade Mountains section of the Sierra- Cascade province, which includes about 60 percent of the basin. The Oregon Coast Range is a mature land surface, deeply dissected by closely spaced branching valleys. Its sinuous crest trends gener­ ally northward, is between 5 and 25 miles west of the margin of the central lowland, and in greater part is not more than about 2,500 feet above sea level, or 2,000 feet above the lowland. Above this general crest level stand several isolated peaks such as Marys Peak, which lies west of Corvallis and attains an altitude of about 4,100 feet. From the general crest level, a succession of moderately sinuous ridges descend gently eastward toward the lowland and terminate commonly in a narrow belt of foothills. With the exception of certain narrow plains along the streams, all the range has been covered with a heavy stand of coniferous timber but extensive areas have been logged over or denuded by fire. In these denuded areas many larger tracts now support a vigorous second growth, and some tracts have been cleared for farming, especially in the foothills. The greater part of the Oregon Coast Range consists of sedimen­ tary rocks of Tertiary age, largely shale and earthy sandstone (see pp. 19-21), deformed by broad open folds. In these rocks the higher parts of the land surface commonly are rounded in contour, with pro­ files convex upward; conversely, the lower slopes of the valleys are smooth but steep and commonly are concave upward. Throughout the range, however, there are many bodies of igneous rock sheets Fenneman, N. M., Physiographic divisions of the United States: Assoc. Am. Geographers Annals, -vol. 18, pp. 261-353, map, 1928. SURFACE FEATURES 9 interbedded with the sedimentary rocks, both intrusive and extrusive; dikes of a wide range in thickness; and stocklike masses of modeiate size. These bodies account for scattered areas of moderately rugged topography and sharp constrictions at numerous places along the val­ leys. They also form the isolated peaks that rise above the general crest of the range. The Cascade Range is striking both in topography and in composi­ tion. .Much of the range is very rugged, is topographically young, and has been sculptured by glaciers as well as by streams; it is com­ posed almost entirely of igneous materials nonfragmental extrusive rocks, tuff and other pyroclastic rocks in a wide range of textures, and intrusive rocks of several petrographic types. Its highest peaks rise far above timber line and so form a discontinuous alpine zone. These features characterize a belt from 40 to 60 miles wide all along the eastern side of the basin. This belt, covering nearly 7,000 square miles, is somewhat more than twice as extensive as the central low­ land and four times as extensive as the eastern slope of the Coast Range. The Cascade Range within the Willamette River Basin represents two fairly distinct land forms. The western part, adjacent to the central lowland and as much as 25 miles wide, is a belt of mature foot­ hills and ridges in which certain older folded volcanic rocks are exten­ sive. Here the relief fully equals or somewhat surpasses that of the Coast Range. To the east, younger volcanic rocks rise to the divide, which, for the greater part of its length, is between 4,000 and 6,500 feet above sea level. On this higher part of the range, consequent streams flow generally westward in successive impressive canyons, commonly as much as 2,500 feet deep. Some interstream flats of moderate extent preserve the initial volcanic surface, which is moder­ ately smooth and of fairly uniform westward slope. Alined along and near the divide are several prominent volcanic peaks, commonly deeply scarred by alpine glaciers. Chief among these, in order from the north, are Mount Hood, which is 11,225 feet above sea level; Mount Jefferson, 10,485 feet; Three Fingered Jack, 7,848 feet (pi. 3, A) ; Mount Wash­ ington, 7,802 feet; the North Sister, Middle Sister, and South Sister (pi. 3, B), which are respectively 10,094 feet, 10,053 feet, and 10,354 feet above sea level; and Diamond Peak, 8,750 feet. Less promi­ nent volcanic peaks, younger than those just cited and unscarred by glaciers, are Olallie Butte, 7,210 feet above sea level; Belknap Crater, 6,877 feet; and Black Crater, 7,260 feet. These younger peaks are about midway along: the eastern ertee of the basin. The Willamette Valley, the lowland that lies between the two moun­ tainous areas just described, comprises a main valley plain, remnants of at least one higher terrace with a pediment and certain other related features, and relatively narrow trenches which are occupied by the 10 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Willamette River and its tributaries. These three parts of the low­ land make up the most extensive single agricultural area in Oregon. They are formed of unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age which, of all the rock formations in the basin, are those most likely to yield large supplies of water to wells. The main valley plain, which is coextensive with the older alluvium and related deposits shown on plates 1 and 2, has several distinctive parts, which can most readily be described in order downstream, or toward the north. The higher southern segment of the plain, which is one of two principal segments, begins at Eugene near the junction of the three principal headwater branches of the Willamette River (McKenzie River, Middle Fork, and Coast Fork) and extends north­ ward to Albany. Disregarding its tongues that extend into the border­ ing mountainous areas and the younger stream trenches by which it is traversed, this segment of the plain is about 40 miles long and from 9 to 20 miles wide. It is from 360 to 450 feet above sea level at its southern end and from 225 to 300 feet at its northern end. Thus, its average northward slope is about 3.5 feet to the mile. In the main, it is formed by a succession of broad alluvial fans that spread outward from the mountain valleys to the east and that coalesce along their outer margins. On these fans the land surface slopes radially north­ ward and westward from 6 to 11 feet to the mile. Each fan is traversed by numerous faint ephemeral drains, the radiating distributaries of streams that existed while the plain was being built. Between the fans and rather generally along the western margin of the lowland, the plain includes smooth areas that slope northward as little as 2 feet to the mile. From Albany to Salem, a distance of 20 miles, the main valley plain is sharply constricted by outlying rock hills, to a width in places of as little as 2% miles. The average northward gradient is about 2.7 feet to the mile. At Salem the plain widens abruptly into its northern principal seg­ ment, which extends northward another 22 to 28 miles, to McMinn- ville, Newberg, and Canby and somewhat beyond. This segment of the plain is from 9 to 25 miles wide. It comprises several "prairies" that are remarkably flat. Near Salem the plain is about 200 feet above sea level; in the vicinity of Canby, at its northeast corner, from 185 to 190 feet; and near McMinnville, about 155 feet. Thus the average slope, from which no extensive part of the segment deviates materially, is about 2.4 feet to the mile; the direction of slope is N. 50° W., which is across the general course of the Willamette River in that vicinity and toward an alcove in the rock hills that bound the lowland. Obviously, the surface form of this northern segment of the plain is not a product of ordinary stream aggradation. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATEH-STTPPLY FAPER 890 PLATE 3

A. THREE-FINGERED JACK. B. THREE SISTERS. Viewed southward across Marion Lake. Viewed southward from McKenzie Pass across a young lava field.

SURFACE FEATURES 11

Still farther north, the main lowland plain divides into several inter­ lacing tongues that reunite near the southern edge of Portland, some 15 miles upstream from the mouth of the Willamette River. These tongues are commonly less than a mile wide and are of uneven grade. Apparently they are a product of stream aggradation along valleys that are now occupied in part by the Willamette River and its lower tributaries, Chehalem Creek, Tualatin River, and Clackamas River. Attached to the plexus of tongues just described and largely north of the Tualatin River is another plain of moderate extent, a topographic analog of the main lowland plain of the Willamette Valley. This plain, the most northerly of those drained by the Willamette River, is known locally as the Tualatin Valley. Beneath the main lowland plain of the Willamette Valley, the groundwater conditions are rather diverse. On this diversity the plain is divided into 20 subareas, which are described on pages 41-54. From 30 to 100 feet higher than the main lowland plain and scattered widely along both its eastern and western margins are remnants of a terrace, which in large part is formed by stream deposits that are delimited on the geologic map (pis. 1 and 2). Corresponding terrace remnants occur along the major tributaries of the Willamette River far upstream beyond the area represented by the map. Related to these terraces in origin are certain older alluvial surfaces, notably a dissected pediment which, in the vicinity of the Molalla River, rises. as much as 300 feet above the ,main lowland. Possibly related in origin is the so-called Portland delta, which occupies the angle between the Willamette and Columbia Rivers and which is analogous to a'n extensive plain still farther north, in Washington. All these terrace- remnants and related surfaces have been dissected to moderate depth,, and so their initial form and grade have been modified considerably. Cut into the main lowland plain are certain trenches that ordinarily are floored with young alluvium (pis. 1 and 2); these are occupied by the Willamette River and its major tributaries. Between Eugene at the southern end of the main lowland and Newberg at the northern end, the inner trench of the Willamette River ranges between 0.5 mile and 4 miles in width. From Eugene northward to Albany, its. floor slopes equally with the main plain but is from 5 to 15 feet lower. Farther north, owing to difference in grade, the trench deepens gradu­ ally until at Newberg its floor is about 80 feet below the main lowland plain. Characteristically the floor is gently undulating, is dotted with oxbow lakes, and is traversed by many channels that are occupied' by the river during freshets. It affords some of the most fertile land of the entire valley. Downstream from Newberg the trench becomes; steadily narrower, and near Canby, at the northeastern corner of the- main plain, it passes into a rock-bound narrows that extends throughi

408526 42 2 12 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Oregon City to the southern edge of Portland, within 14 miles of the mouth of the river. Similar trenches, rather widely spaced over all the main lowland plain, are occupied by the larger tributaries of the Willamette River. One trench is unique in that it is not now occupied by a single perennial stream. This trench trends northeastward across the northern seg­ ment of the main plain, from the trench of the Willamette River near Salem to that of the Pudding River near Mount Angel. It is notably shallower than the two stream-occupied trenches that it connects. Doubtless it was once occupied by an ancestral Willamette River but was abandoned by that stream early in the epoch of trenching. CLIMATE 5 The broad lowland of the Willamette River Basin has a relatively equable climate, characterized by warm dry summers and cool winters with moderately abundant rain and some snow. These characteristics are shown by table 1, which assembles averages and extremes of the principal climatic elements for Portland, at the northern end of the basin. 6 Adapted to this report from a statement by E. L. Wells in U. S. Dept. Agr., Weather Bur., Climate summary of the United States, sec. 3, Western Oregon, 1936. TABLE 1. Monthly, seasonal, and yearly averages and extremes of climatic elements at Portland, Oreg., in the period ending with 1930 [From publication of United States Weather Bureau]

Temparature (°F.) Precipitation ' (inches) Relative humidity Sunshine Pre­ Num­ Snow vail­ Aver­ Aver­ Per­ Month Abso­ Abso­ ber of Total Total ing Aver­ age of age of Highest Lowest ' Aver­ days amount amount Great­ Noon, Aver­ cent­ wind the lute the lute monthly monthly with for the for the 8a.m.2 local Sp.m.s age age of direc­ age maxi­ maxi­ mini­ mini­ age Aver­ est pos­ mum mum average average 0.01 driest wettest age amount time 3 hours tion ma ma inch or year year amount in 24 sible more hours

Length of record 59 56 57 56 57 59 59 60 59 60 60 59 46 43 15 43 40 40 59 41 46 65 37 3 48 32 6.7 19 8.8 20.15.1" 3.5 14.0 86 77 80 62 23 SE. 39 44 62 34 __ Q 46 28 6.4 19 3.5 5.9 15.0 86 77 79 72 26 S. 42 48 68 36 7 49 32 5.3 17 1.0 10.5 3.3 11.3 85 74 72 97 33 S. Winter..... 41 46 68 36 -2 18.4 55 13.3 35.7 12.7 15.0 86 76 77 231 27 S. 47 55 83 40 20 54 40 4.5 17 2.9 2.5 .7 4.0 85 67 62 150 41 NW. 52 61 93 43 28 60 46 3.0 15 4.1 4.6 T .2 84 58 54 194 48 NW. 57 67 99 48 32 62 51 2.2 13 1.1 1.8 T T 84 56 52 234 51 NW. 52 61 99 44 20 9.7 45 8.1 8.9 .7 4.0 84 60 56 578 47 NW. 62 72 101 53 39 67 58 1.6 10 2.2 1.9 .0 .0 82 54 51 263 56 NW. July ...... 67 78 104 56 43 72 63 .6 3 T 1.0 .0 .0 82 53 45 336 70 NW. 67 78 98 56 43 71 62 .6 4 .2 .1 .0 .0 84 54 47 290 66 NW. Summer _ _ 65 76 104 55 39 2.8 17 2.4 3.0 .0 .0 83 54 48 889 64 NW. 62 71 97 52 35 67 57 1.8 8 .3 .9 .0 .0 86 57 54 197 53 NW. 54 62 86 47 30 59 50 3.2 12 1.3 11.6 .0 .0 89 66 66 146 43 NW. 46 52 73 41 11 52 39 6.3 17 .7 7.1 .5 3.0 88 73 77 76 27 S. Fall. __-___. 54 62 97 47 11 11.3 37 2.3 19.6 .5 3.0 £8 65 66 419 41 NW. 53 61 104 45 -2 42.2 154 26.1 67.2 13.9 15.0 85 64 62 2,117 45 NW.

Less than 0.01 inch. 2 75th meridian time. 3 120th meridian tune. 14 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Over most of the lowland the yearly average temperature is between 51° and 53° F. The average of the highest temperatures in midsum­ mer (July) ranges from about 78° to 84°. Though temperatures above 100° have occurred in nearly all parts of the area, they are always attended by low relative humidity and are almost always followed by cool nights. Thus, the average of the lowest temperatures in July ranges between 48° and 56°. Killing frost seldom occurs in the season when tender crops are growing. Table 2 gives monthly temperatures at five climatologic stations along the middle of the valley, from Portland at the north to Eugene at the south. (See fig. 1.)

TABLE 2. Monthly temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, in the period ending with 1930 [Data from publications of the United States Weather Bureau]

Portland Salem Albany Corvallis Eugene

s> o> a; OJ 41 bfl bfl he 60 bfl -4-3 I 0 03 1 a lH a (H a I* a tJ bji 0 I hi) Qj & bfl 1 bfl 1 bfl Qj 1 > 0 > o > o o > 2

Length of record (years)., _ ... . 57 59 57 38 38 38 36 47 36 41 41 41 36 39 36 62 39.1 -2 68 39.6 -5 68 39.3 -3 64 38.9 -1 69 40.0 6 68 42.2 7 68 42.6 -4 69 42.4 2 69 42.0 -5 74 42.9 0 83 47.2 20 80 46.3 22 81 46.8 9 82 45.6 13 80 46.1 18 93 51.9 28 93 51.0 27 91 51.3 25 91 50.2 24 89 50.7 26 May ...... 99 57.3 32 94 56.1 31 98 56.7 29 95 55.1 28 91 55.3 30 101 62.2 39 100 61.6 32 103 61.6 32 102 60. 4 32 100 60.4 34 July...... 104 67.2 43 108 66.7 35 104 66.6 35 102 65.7 35 104 65.8 39 98 66.9 43 105 66.7 30 103 66.1 40 102 65.8 37 99 65.7 35 97 61.7 35 97 60.8 32 98 60.2 29 96 60.2 26 96 60.2 30 86 54.5 30 89 53.8 23 86 52.7 25 85 52.9 23 84 53.3 25 73 46.3 11 70 45.8 12 72 45.2 18 73 45.2 10 75 46.3 12 65 41.2 3 72 40.8 -6 64 40.4 -15 62 40.2 -14 67 40.8 -4 104 53. 1 -2 108 52.6 -6 104 52.4 -15 102 51.8 -14 104 52.3 -4

The precipitation on the lowland, rain for the most part, occurs largely in the winter and early spring; even in the wettest year of record at Portland, 1882, the summer rainfall was only 2.9 inches or 4.3 percent of the precipitation in that year and 7.4 percent of the average yearly precipitation. Thus in most years rainfall is not sufficient to assure full maturing of crops, and supplemental irrigation has been found profitable. Figure 2 and table 3 show this marked seasonal distribution of rainfall and snowfall, which is so character­ istic of the entire Willairette River Basin. Most of the precipitation occurs as gentle rains. The average annual number of days with 0.01 inch or more of precipitation is from about 130 to 160. However, between May and September precipitation at excessive rates occasion­ ally continues for an hour or less and usually between November and February it continues for a day or more. (See table 4.) Some snow falls every winter, but it seldom remains on the ground more than a few days. CLIMATE 15

FIGURE 2. Maximum, average, and minimum monthly rainfall at three climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1896-1935. 16 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 3. Maximum, average, and minimum monthly and yearly rainfall and snowfall, in inches, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1896-1935 [Data from publications of United States Weather Bureau]

Portland Salem Albany Corvallis Eugene

January: i 11. 53 1 10. 17 111.90 13.61 1 10. 07 5.87 5.40 6.03 6.44 5.47 22.54 1.30 22.71 1.99 2.14 February: i 11. 08 '9.47 i 12.20 15.23 12.10 4.55 4.47 4.93 5.15 4.49 .16 .34 .15 .12 .10 March: i 10. 57 1 9.96 1 10. 44 11.70 10.49 3.94 3.81 4.13 4.16 3.98 .63 .59 2.58 .43 .40 April: >5.3G 16.12 15.55 16.98 15.89 2.65 2.41 2.50 2.46 2.60 .80 .48 .56 .26 .43 May: 14.66 15.54 5.81 5.71 4.76 1.95 1.92 2.08 1.78 2.32 .45 .25 .34 . 19 .19 June: 14.24 13.48 13.44 13.35 '4.31 1.40 1.18 1.25 1.12 1.48 .07 .00 .02 .00 .02 July: 2.55 2.72 3.31 2.34 3.38 .52 .39 .42 .31 .36 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 August: 3.39 2.91 3.20 2.76 3.14 .64 .45 .56 .46 .49 .00 . .00 .00 .00 September: 5.52 4.84 15.02 5.40 5.21 1.88 1.71 1.77 1.64 1.92 2.11 .01 .01 Trace .12 October: 15.50 8.31 16.67 7.60 7.77 2.82 2.94 2.93 2.94 2.75 2.02 .00 .03 Trace 2.04 November: i 13. 12 16.99 12.50 16.69 11.86 6.54 6.21 6.92 7.09 5.96 2.67 2.63 2.53 2.30 2.80 December: . i 17. 54 17. 54 1 13. 84 14. 15 13.38 6.50 6.33 6.38 6.85 5.77 22.56 1.95 1.91 2.33 2.01 Annual '; . \ '. i 52. 85 i 54. 93 i 57. 15 i 57. 76 i 51. 50 3 39. 26 37.22 39.90 40.40 37, 5& 26.11 24.56 26.67 23.68 26.39

1 Greater in 1 or more additional years of record. 2 Less in 1 or more additional years of record. 3 For the 66-year period 1872-1937 the yearly average is 42.24 inches. CLIMATE 17

TABLE 4. Maximum rates of precipitation, in inches, at Portland, Or eg., in the period ending with 1930 [From publication of United States Weather Bureau] s

2 S & o t» ftS 'a? Duration .. S m 1 S3 1 If S B a p -2 ft 3 ,0 M S ^ S §~^ S S?03 p ti? ft o o § S03 a o> .c ^ & * S 5 * ^5 to O fc O EI

5 minutes .... 41 0.14 0.13 0.10 0.17 0.21 0.28 0.26 0.40 0.28 0.21 0.14 0.14 0.49 10 minutes - - 41 .20 .18 .17 .26 .37 .46 .31 .70 .53 .22 .23 .18 .70 1 5 minutes _ _ 41 .23 .20 .20 .34 .37 .64 .39 .83 .61 .23 .23 .20 .83 30 minutes __ 41 .27 .24 .28 .35 .37 1.06 .69 1.10 .69 .32 .28 .28 1.10 1 hour__ __ _ 41 .50 .32 .46 .43 .59 1.31 .82 1.25 .87 .49 .49 .42 1.31 2 hours 41 .92 .50 .64 .55 .59 1.74 .93 1.25 1.09 .64 .84 .64 1.74 24 hours, 59 6.86 3.81 2.44 1.92 1.83 2.07 1.35 1.75 2.88 2.96 4.43 7.66 7.6& 72 hours... ._ 59 7.74 7.39 5.49 2.16 2.75 2.22 2.12 1.77 3.28 5.42 6.71 10.81 10.81

The average yearly precipitation is about 40 inches over most of the lowland, but in the foothills to the west and east it increases to about 70 inches. Table 3 shows the monthly averages and yearly averages for a common 40-year period, from 1896 to 1935, for the five climatologic stations that lie along the middle of the valley. With table 5, it shows further that during the 40-year period the yearly precipitation has ranged from about 60 to about 145 percent of the average. At Portland, whose record of yearly precipitation began in 1872, the greatest yearly precipitation yet recorded is even greater, 171 percent of the 40-year average.

TABLE 5. 'Yearly rainfall and snowfall, in inches, and surplus ( + ) or deficiency ( ) with respect to 40-year average, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1872-1937 [Data from publications of United States Weather Bureau]

Portland Salem Albany Corvallis Eugene

Year Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ ciency ciency ciency ciency ciency

40 40 1872 46.90 +7.64 1873--... ______50.52 +11. 26 1874 46.17 +6.91 1876 60.10 +20.84 1876 54.94 +15.68 1877 58.30 +19. 04 1878 47.70 +8.44 1879 62.22 +22. 96 50.14 +10. 24 1880 51.87 +12. 61 41.57 +1.67 1881 ______57.05 +17. 79 59.59 +19. 69 1882----.-..-. . 67.24 +27. 98 45.96 +6.06 1883 51.45 +12. 19 39.39 -.51 1884 38. 31 -.95 45.22 +5.32 1886 39.59 +.33 36.93 -2.97 1 1896 to 1935, inclusive. 18 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 5. Yearly rainfall and snowfall, in inches, and surplus (+) or deficiency ( ) with respect to 40-year average, at five climatologic stations in the Willamette Valley, 1872-1937 Continued

Portland Salfem Albany Corvallis Eugene

Year Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Sur­ Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or Rain­ plus or fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ fall defi­ ciency ciency ciency ciency ciency

1886 38.76 -.50 38.38 -1.52 1887 54.17 +14. 91 57.62 +17. 72 1888 38.76 -.50 35.91 -3.99 1899 . 31.76 -7.50 33.84 -6.06 1890 40.38 +1.12 40.02 +.12 34.82 -5.58 1891 47.41 +8.15 53.39 +13. 49 44.99 +4.59 44.76 +7.17 1892 33.58 -5.68 37.93 -1.97 31.88 -8.52 29.25 -8.34 1893------...... --. 39.03 -.23 49.08 +11. 86 46.07 +6.17 43.04 +2.64 42.02 +4.43 1894 39.32 +.06 48.62 +11.40 49.86 +9.96 46.44 +6.04 1895 30.76 -8.50 47.13 +9.91 47.48 +7.58 43.74 +3.34 37.03 -.56 1896...... 44.13 +4.87 54.93 +17. 71 57.15 +17. 25 57.76 +17. 36 48.47 +10.88 1897...... 43.01 +3.75 46.53 +9.31 50.19 +10. 29 43.61 +3.21 40.55 +2.96 1898 33.90 -5.36 34.19 -3.03 36.22 -3.68 35.02 -5.38 27.16 -10.43 1899 42.21 +2.95 48.12 +10. 90 46.99 +7.09 46.69 +9.29 41.28 +3.69 1900 38.22 -1.04 37.22 .00 38.88 -1.02 38.49 -1.91 40.89 +3.30 1901- 41.05 +1.79 37.42 +.20 38.89 -1.01 41.36 +.96 40.01 +2.42 1902 .... . 50.15 +10.89 42.55 +5.33 52.94 +13. 04 54.02 +13. 62 51.50 +13. 91 1903 35.62 -3.64 24.56 -12.66 33.65 -6.25 34.13 -6.27 34.21 -3.38 1904 46.37 +7.11 42.08 +4.86 49.41 +9.51 56.21 +15. 81 50.71 +13. 12 1905 34.10 -5.16 28.49 ' -8. 73 30.19 -9.71 34.39 -6.01 29.95 -7.64 1906---.-. ------43.29 +4.03 34.01 -3.21 40.72 +.82 45.71 +5.31 37.55 -.04 1907 42.89 +3.63 37.10 -.12 44.44 +4.54 50.23 +9.83 46.27 +8.68 1908 . 34.37 -4.89 26.76 -10. 46 28.54 -11.36 33.29 -7.11 27.22 -10.37 1909 43.75 +4.49 39.59 +2.37 43.70 +3.80 50.31 +9.91 39.16 +1.57 1910 38.65 -.61 31.89 -5.33 38.30 -1.60 37.64 -2.76 33.20 -4.39 1911 33.28 -5.98 27.55 -9.67 34.11 -5.79 38.46 -1.94 30.21 -7.38 1912 43.47 +4.21 35.72 -1.50 46.68 +6.78 46.81 +6.41 43.58 +5.99 1913..--. _._..-. 36.30 -2.96 31.75 -5.47 35.37 -4.53 35.76 -4.64 31.66 -5.93 1914 36.67 -2.59 35.87 -1.35 44.24 +4.34 44.13 +3.73 35.22 -2.37 1915 41.30 +2.04 32.55 -4.67 40.12 +.22 36.82 -3.58 39.83 +2.24 1916 45.77 +6.51 45.76 +8.54 47.74 +7.84 46.65 +6.25 48.18 +10. 59 1917 40.50 +1.24 32.82 -4.40 39.50 -.40 39.13 -1.27 41.17 +3.58 1918 31.50 -7.76 27.92 -9.30 34.31 -5.59 33. 52 -6.88 31.40 -6.19 1919-..-.. ---.... 45.70 +6.44 41.01 +3.79 52.85 +12. 95 50.57 +10. 17 46.27 +8.68 1920 41.17 +1.91 40.78 +3.56 38.59 -1.31 37.12 -3.28 40.67 +3.08 1921 . -..------43.21 +3.95 43.12 +5.90 44.59 +4.69 41.05 +.65 36.60 -.99 1922-- --. 38.76 -.50 38.03 +.81 38.99 -.91 38.45 -1.95 37.06 -.53 1923. _.__. _ . 32.81 -6.45 33.53 3-.69 36.00 -3.90 37.07 -3. 83 33.05 -4.54 1924 31.22 -8.04 33.15 -4.07 33.72 -6.18 37.87 -2.53 35.88 -1.71 1925 . 31.36 -7.90 33.32 -3.90 34.18 -5.72 34.07 -6.33 33.70 -3.89 1926 . 41.17 +1.91 39.17 +1.95 37.87 -2.03 40.04 -.36 41.16 +3.57 1927 45.78 +6.52 43.43 +6.21 44.60 +4.70 47.87 +7.47 43.58 +5.99 1928- - __ .... 34.69 -4.57 38.03 +.81 37.97 -1.93 39.87 -.53 34.91 -2.68 1929 26.11 -13.15 26.40 -10.82 27.03 -12.87 24.45 -15. 95 32.10 -5.49 1930 27.16 -12. 10 30.05 -7.17 26.67 -13.23 23.68 -16.72 26.39 -11.20 1931 . 42.68 +3.42 48.64 +11. 42 41.89 +1.99 39.13 -1.27 36.78 -.81 1932 ...... 39.98 +.72 42.06 +4.84 40.30 +.40 36.94 -3.46 36.22 -1.37 1933 52.85 +13. 59 52.56 +15.34 43.20 +3.30 42.59 +2.19 36.01 -1.58 1934 45.98 +6.72 39.41 +2.19 38.10 -1.80 35.42 -4.98 34.99 -2.60 1935-- 29.19 -10.07 30.90 -6.32 27.77 -12. 13 26.35 -14.05 28.91 -8.68 1936 34.29 -4.97 33.61 3.61 32.23 -7.67 32.11 -8.29 34.02 -3.57 1937--.--..------. 56.85 +17. 59 63.50 +26.28 57.44 +17. 54 58.06 +17. 66 55.21 +17. 62 CONSOLIDATED AND SEMICONSOLIDATED ROCKS 19

The prevailing wind is from the north and northwest in summer and from the south and southwest in winter, but the variation in wind direction is moderate. Winds from the south and southwest attain the greatest velocities but are seldom destructive. In and near the mouth of the Columbia Gorge east winds prevail at times; these are cold in winter and warm at other times. The climatic features of the lowland and adjacent foothills, just described, do not apply to the mountainous terrane on either side. Thus, to the east, the extensive west slope of the Cascade Range is, on the average, appreciably cooler than the lowland, though the extremes of temperature are not materially lower. There the aver­ age yearly temperature ranges from about 44° to 51° F. On this mountain slope the yearly precipitation is generally more than 50 inches, and some small areas near Mount Hood receive more than 100 inches. In some winters a large part of the precipitation is rain, but considerable snow falls at times; the average yearly snowfall at the several stations ranges from about 14 inches to 300 inches or more. Most of the higher part of the range probably has an average yearly temperature of less than 42°; some of the highest peaks probably less than 32°. Nevertheless, the highest temperatures are greater .than those along the Pacific coast, to the west, and the lowest temperatures are not so low as at some localities on the high semiarid plains to the east. Snow accumulates to great depths, the average at recording stations being from 200 to 300 inches and more. Permanent snow fields and alpine glaciers (see pi. 4, A) exist on several of the highest peaks. Across the valley, on the lower and less extensive east slope of the Coast Range, there is much variation in climate. The average yearly temperature is generally less than 50° and the average yearly precipi­ tation is 50 inches or more. In winter there is considerable freezing weather, and at some places snow accumulates to a considerable depth.

GEOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY OF THE CONSOLIDATED AND SEMICONSOLIDATED ROCKS GENERAL CHARACTER, SUCCESSION, AND AGE OF THE ROCKS The rocks that form the foothills and mountains on both sides of the central Willamette lowland and that pass beneath the unconsoli- dated deposits of the lowland include fine-grained marine and terres­ trial sedimentary rocks, fragmental and" nonfragmental igneous rocks, and some coarse-grained terrestrial deposits. The marine sedimen­ tary rocks are chiefly shale and earthy sandstone of Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene (?) age. These make up the greater part of the Coast Range west of the lowland, where they are associated with basaltic extrusive rocks of Miocene (?) age and with intrusive rocks. This 20 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

succession of marine sedimentary rocks and igneous rocks extends eastward beneath nearly all the lowland and, at some places, into the lowest foothills of the Cascade Range. At the very southern end of the central lowland, the sedimentary rocks of latest Eocene and Oligo- cene age are partly marine and partly nonmarine in origin, as though the seashore of that time oscillated repeatedly across that area. Fragmental and nonfragmental volcanic rocks form nearly all the Cascade Range except the lowest part of the most westerly foothills. These rocks are the products of volcanic activity that began in the Oligocene (?) epoch, continued itermittently during the remainder of the Tertiary and far into the Pleistocene, then waned in latest Pleistocene or Recent time. The rocks are largely basalt or andesite and include both nonfragmental flow rocks and fragmental rocks that range from unstratified or poorly stratified coarse agglomerate to fine­ grained well-stratified tuff. The coarse-grained terrestrial deposits occur in the northeastern part of the Willamette Valley, in the vicinity of Portland. They are underlain and overlain by volcanic rocks and are of Pliocene or early Pleistocene age. The accompanying table shows the character, stratigraphic sequence, and .general water-bearing properties of the rock formations that occur along the margin of the central Willamette lowland. These several formations were not mapped separately but are included under one symbol on plates 1 and 2.

STRUCTURE The structure of the rocks that surround the central lowland of the Willamette River Basin was not mapped by the writer. ISlo horizon markers can be traced over extensive areas, and dense forest and brush and a thick mantle of nondescript detritus cover most of the basin except the highest part of the Cascade Range. IS evertheless, some general features of the structure can be summarized. Probably late in the Miocene epoch the region was gently compressed and its rocks were thrown into broad open folds, seemingly with few or no normal faults of consequence and, so far as is now known, with no close or overturned folds or thrust faults. As is pointed out by Callaghan and Buddington,6 with citations to earlier workers, the most con­ spicuous structural feature of the rocks adjacent to the central low­ land is the gentle eastward or northeastward dip, commonly about 10°, that prevails south of the Santiam River. To the north, along the east flank of the lowland, the general dip changes to the northwest and maintains that direction nearly or quite to the Columbia River. West of the lowland, in the flank of the Coast Range, the prevailing dip continues generally eastward. These structural features coordi- , Eugene; ajid Buddington, A. F., Metalliferous mineral deposits of the Cascade Range in Oregon: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 8S3, pp. 18-20, 1938. CONSOLIDATED AND SEMICONSQLIDATED ROCKS 21

nate with the western two of four broad folds that have been traced by Thayer 7 in the region east of Salem; in order from the west, these two folds are the Willamette syncline and the Mehama anticline. The projected axes of these folds diverge northward from a common point near Eugene; the syncline trends about N. 15° E. through the Stayton Basin to Portland, whereas the anticline trends about N. 30° E. toward Wyeth, which is on the Columbia River some 40 miles east bf Portland. In the region between the Santiam and Clackamas Rivers, both axes plunge gradually northward. Thus, at the southern end of tLe lowland the two folds begin as minor flexures on the general monocline near Eugene; toward the north they gradually broaden and increase in amplitude. Immediately west of Portland the Tualatin Valley discloses struc­ tural features seemingly unlike any others now known in the region a relatively narrow anticline and a sharply folded syncline that plunge about S. 45° E. across the axes of the broad regional folds just described. The syncline may be faulted. The form of these struc­ tural features is not known in detail, especially in the vicinity of Oregon City, where they meet the Willamette syncline, described by Thayer. In general, the Tualatin Valley appears to have formed along the anticlinal axis, where erosion breached the resistant basalt of Miocene age and then planed rather widely into the underlying shale. All the structural features so far described are tentatively ascribed to the one period of deformation late in the Miocene epoch. How­ ever, the region probably has not been wholly stable in all subsequent time, for during the Pleistocene or glacial epoch much of the Pacific coast region in Oregon and Washington has oscillated through a vertical range of 1,000 feet or more with respect to present sea level. Some features of the Willamette River Basin suggest that the region was again deformed just before the bulk of the unconsolidated valley fill was deposited, possibly between the two periods of sedimentation that are represented by the terrace deposits and the older alluvium. (See pp. 28,32.) However, this late deformation cannot now be demonstrated with assurance. ' Thayer, T. P., Structure of the North Santiam River section of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon' Jour. Geology, vo]. 44, pp. 701-716,1936. 22 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 6. Stratigraphic sections^atildbjentifal water-bearing properties of consolidated {Stratigraphy largely after Hodge (1933,1938), Schenok

Coast Range

Northern half Southern half

YAKIMA BASALT 1,000± feet,. Interfingering flow layers with scoria partings. Weathered as much as 100 feet below the land surface. Caps highest ridges on north, east, and south sides of the Tualatin Valley, such as Portland Heights and Chehalem Mountains; also out­ liers in the valley, such as Cooper and Bull Mountains. Between Oregon Oity and New- berg forms ridges such as Petes and Parrett Mountains. Water-bearing properties described under Santiam River section. Unconformity Unconformity

PITTSBURG BLUFF SANDSTONE OF SCHENCK EUGENE FORMATION 3,000± feet. Massive marine sandstone (at 5,000± feet. Sandstone, sandy shale, shale, type locality on the Nehalem River in sec. conglomerate, and tuff; marine and non- 23, T. 5 N., R. 4 W.), also sandy shale enclos­ marineorigin. Intruded by dikes and sills (?) ing lentils of dense sandstone. of basalt. North and west flanks of the Tualatin Valley; Forms much of foothill area in vicinity of probably underlies the unconsolidated fill Eugene, in Tps. 17 and 18 S., K. 3 W. in much of that valley. Yields a little water from a few beds only. Mostly not water-bearing. Unconformity Unconformity

KEASET SHALE OF SCHENCK FISHER FORMATION OF SCHENCK 1,000+feet. Sandy and tuffaceousshale.bluish 1,500± feet in type locality (sec. 12, T. 18 S., and black; some concretionary zones and R. 5 W.); thins northward. Agglomerate, dense sandstone lentils; of marine origin. tuff, clay, sand, and gravel; of nonmarine Lower Gales Creek valley near Forest Grove. origin. Probably will yield little water. Foothills west of Eugene. Probably will yield little water. Unconformity SEDIMENTARY ROCKS EQUIVALENT IN GENERAL TO TYEE SANDSTONE AND BURFEE FORMATION OF SCHENCK 3,000-5,000± feet. Marine feldspathic sand­ stone interbedded with micaceous shale and sandy shale. Intruded by basic igneous rocks. Foothills west of central lowland southward from Dallas (Tps. 7-18 S.). Discontinuous pervious beds yield water slowly; brackish water and brine in some shallow beds and probably in all deep beds. CONSOLIDATED AND SEMICONSOLIDATED ROCKS 23

and semiconsolidated rocks bounding the central lowland of the Willamette River Basin (1927, 1933, 1936), W. D. Smith (1924), and Thayer (1933)]

Cascade Range

Vicinity of Portland Santiam River section

CASCADE AND EHODODENDEON FOEMATIONS Of HODGE 50-500+ feet. Basaltic andesite flow rocks over­ -Unconformity (?) lying and fingering into andesitic agglomerate and tuff. Volcanic outliers such as Mount Scott, Mount FERN EIDGE TUFFS OF THAYEE Tabor (in part), and Rocky Butte. Flow rocks yield some water from discontinuous crevices: most of the agglomerate and tuff not water-bearing.

TBOUTDALE FOEMATION OF HODGE Maximum 300+ feet. Nonmarine semiconsoli­ dated sandstone, grit, and conglomerate; grains largely from volcanic rocks but conglomerate contains quartzite pebbles at many places. East of Portland, according to Hodge, formed as a piedmont fan thinning eastward into the lower part of the Rhododendron formation; south of Clackamas River may grade into soft siltstone. Bluffs along lower Sandy River near Troutdale and lower Clackamas River; also terraces west of Willamette River in Portland. Probably under­ lies much of east Portland. Some coarse beds yield water freely. Unconformity

YAKIMA BASALT (COLUMBIA EIVEE BASALT OF HODGE) STATION LAVAS OF THATEE 2,000± feet. Interfingering flow layers as much as 400± feet. Basaltic flow rocks, commonly weath­ 200 feet thick, commonly parted by scoria. ered as much as 50 feet below the land surface. Form eastern dip slopes of Salem and Eola Hills, outliers in northern half of central lowland. Yields small water supplies from bottom of wea­ thered zone. Some deep wells yield as much as 1 second-foot from discontinuous scoriaceous zones, but other wells are dry.

Unconformity

IUAHE FOEMATION OF THAYEE 200+ feet. Tuffaceous shale of near-shore marine origin. West and south flanks of Salem and Eola Hills. Probably will yield little water. 24 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

WATER-BEARING PROPERTIES The youngest or uppermost consolidated and semiconsolidated rocks the Cascade, Rhododendron, and Troutdale formations of Hodge border and underlie only the northernmost part of the central lowland, from Portland southward to Oregon City and beneath the Molalla pediment. The Cascade and Rhododendron formations, which are volcanic, form outliers in east Portland, such as Rocky Butte, part of Mount Tabor, and Kelly Butte; a few miles to the south, they also form Mount Scott and the contiguous volcanic terrane that lies between Johnson Creek and the Clackamas River. Little is known regarding the water-bearing properties of these two formations. The flow rocks and accompanying scoria yield some water from discontinuous pervious zones, but at most places not copiously. However, must of the agglomerate and tuff is dense arid nearly impervious. Much of the detrital Troutdale formation of Hodge is composed of unassorted particles and is sufficiently consoli­ dated to be nearly impervious. In some coarse-grained beds, how­ ever, the particles are somewhat assorted as to size, and so the beds are perhaps moderately pervious. This formation crops out along the west side of the Willamette River in Portland and probably under­ lies much of the "delta" that extends eastward from the Willamette: River to and beyond the edge of the area that is shown on plate 1. It may include part of the "cemented gravel" and certain of the lower water-bearing zones that are penetrated by the deeper wells in and near Portland. However, the data now at hand are not sufficient to show the depth, thickness, and extent of its water-bearing zones. Of the several rock formations that surround and underlie the prin­ cipal two segments of the central lowland, only one the basalt of. Miocene age (Yakima basalt and Stay ton lavas of Thayer) yields j water freely over an extensive area. However, this formation is far' from uniform in its water-yielding capacity. The water occurs under! two distinct conditions: First, at shallow or moderate depth from zones that have become pervious through weathering, at some places as much as 100 feet beneath the land surface; and second, from scoria-' ceous or fractured zones and granular partings at depth in the un- weathered rock. Water in the zone of weathering is commonly perched high above the lowland plains and affords domestic and farm supplies from small springs and wells on outlying ridges and peaks, such as the Chehalem Mountains along the south side of the Tualatin' Valley in Tps. 1 and 2 S., Rs. 2 and 3 W., Saxton, Cooper, and Bull Mountains, in the southeastern part of that valley, and Petes Moun-, tain and corresponding ridges in the vicinity of Oregon City in Tps. 2 and 3 S., R. ,1 E. There appear to be numerous small disconnected bodies of this perched water at various heights above the lowland, so CONSOLIDATED AND SEMICONSOLIDATED ROCKS 25 that some shallow wells are either dry or are not dependable in dry years. The location and extent of these bodies of perched water cannot be traced at this time. At depth in the unweathered rock the water-bearing zones are not continuous over extensive areas and differ greatly in thickness and perviousness. For example, well 53 reached the basalt about 470 feet below the land surface and continued in that rock formation to a depth of 800 feet; its tested yield was 110 gallons a minute, and its specific capacity 1.1 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. On the other hand, two other wells within half a mile, Nos. 52 and 51, are not nearly so deep and yield about 500 gallons a minute each with respective specific capacities of about 7.4 and 6.4 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. In these three Wells the water-bearing zones are below sea level and are far beneath the lowland plains. Several miles to the southeast, along the flanks of the basalt ridge that lies between the Willamette and Tualatin Rivers, wells 74 and 76 also yield several hundred gallons a minute from pervious zones far beneath the valley surface. To the west, in about the NW}£ sec. 32, T. 1 S., R. 2 W., a deep well not visited by the writer is reported to flow about 1 second foot by artesian pressure; the water is inferred to have been struck in the basalt. Not all wells, however, yield so copiously. Well 54, for example, taps the basalt below the lowland plains, but its reported ultimate capacity is only 4 gallons a minute. Drilled wells high on the basalt ridges are erratic in depth and yield. Thus, according to an unconfirmed report, farm wells along the crest of the ridge between the Willamette and Tualatin Rivers range in depth from little more than 100 feet to as much as 300 feet. Presumably these wells were drilled only deep enough to assure dependable farm water supplies, for which purpose a yield of a few gallons a minute would be adequate. Probably the wells range so widely in depth because the pervious zones are discontinuous and because certain of the more extensive zones drain into the adjacent valley. To the south, in the vicinity of Salem, well 331 has a sustained yield of about 7l/2 gallons a minute from the basalt. About a mile to the southeast, on the farm of Albert Bouffleur, a well drilled into the basalt since the writer's field work is being used successfully for small- scale irrigation; this well is 8 inches in diameter and 170 feet deep and yields 285 gallons a minute. In both wells the pervious zones are in the flank of the eastward-dipping Eola Hills and slightly lower than the adjacent flood plain of the Williamette River. Still farther south, well 345 yields about 15 gallons a minute, probably from the lower part of the zone of weathering. Still farther south, well 382 taps perched water in the basalt high above the level of the central low­ land; a companion well, no. 381, found the next water-bearing zone 265 feet lower. 26 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

From the typical conditions just described it is clear that certain water-bearing zones in the unweathered Miocene basalt are sufficiently pervious and thick at some places to sustain withdrawals for irriga­ tion on a moderate scale, for small public supplies, or for industrial purposes. Because these zones doubtless are discontinuous and scattered irregularly through the Miocene basalt it is not possible to foretell, for any particular place, the depth to which a well must be drilled to obtain an adequate supply of water. Neither can it be foret.old whether an adequate supply exists within a practicable depth below the land surface. In general, however, the well is more likely to be successful if its site is not high above the central lowland, for then the shallower pervious zones in the basalt will not be extensively drained and the ground-water level so lowered that the pumping lift is excessive. The two rock formations that occur next below the basalt of Miocene age the Eugene formation and Fisher formation of Schenck and their correlatives flank and underlie much of the central lowland from Oregon City southward to Salem and again, far to the south, near Eugene. For several tens of feet below the land surface these forma­ tions commonly are slightly pervious, owing to weathering and leaching, and so yield some water to shallow farm wells. At depth, however, they appear to be almost wholly impervious. For example, well 23, near the center of the Tualatin Valley at Hillsboro, reached the bottom of the unconsolidated material about 180 feet below the land surface and continued to a total depth of 1,619 feet, largely in "shale and hard clay." This 1,439-foot section of bedrock, which is correlated tentatively with the Pittsburg Bluff sandstone of Schenck, was re­ ported devoid of water-bearing beds. Much farther south, at the Cottage Farm of the Oregon State Hospital, near Salem, well 385 was drilled to a depth of 1,006 feet in sedimentary rocks without finding water; at least the upper strata penetrated by this well represent the Illahe formation of Thayer. At the very southern end of the valley, near Eugene, the six wells, 722 to 727, are drilled in the Eugene or Fisher formation to depths between 225 and 3,000 feet; three of these wells are barely adequate for household supply and the remain­ ing three, which include the deepest two, proved inadequate. Thus deep drilling to tap these bedrock formations beneath the uncon­ solidated deposits of the central lowland is unlikely to be successful. In contrast with the two rock formations just described, the next formation in downward succession contains many beds that yield water. This next formation, the oldest and lowest of those that surround and underlie the central lowland, includes interbedded sandstone, sandy shale, and shale. It is approximately if not strictly correlative with the Tyee sandstone and the Burpee formation of Schenck and is of late Eocene age. This formation constitutes all UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 27 or nearly all of the western flank of the central lowland southward from Dallas, in Tps. 7 to 18 S. Its water-bearing zones are the dis­ continuous and lenticular beds of sandstone and sandy shale, which yield water slowly to numerous farm wells among the foothills. So far as is known, however, none of these wells yields more than about 10 gallons a minute. Several wells, for example well 533 near Cor- vallis, have struck brackish water and brine in the formation, in some places less than 100 feet below the level of the lowland plain. (See p. 64.) Accordingly, as is true of the younger sedimentary rocks, these rocks of late Eocene age are not likely to yield copious supplies of fresh water if tapped by deep wells passing through the unconsoli- dated deposits of the central lowland.

GEOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY OF THE UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS GENERAL CHARACTER, EXTENT, AND THICKNESS OF THE DEPOSITS

YOUNGER ALLUVIUM The uncoiisolidated deposits that form the central lowland of the Willamette River Basin contain the materials most likely to sustain large withdrawals of water from wells. Of these deposits the youngest underlies or forms the flood plains of the present streams and is shown on plates 1 and 2 as younger alluvium. Along the Willamette River below Eugene, this youngest alluvial, or stream-laid deposit is composed of poorly or rudely assorted gravel and sand with a small proportion of silt. Upstream, to the south, it consists largely of coarse gravel and cobbles as much as 6 inches in diameter (pi. 4, B], and some sandy beds or zones. Downstream the deposit becomes progressively finer and better assorted and at numerous places is rudely stratified and cross-bedded (pi. 5), but even at the northern end of the valley, as near Newberg, it contains a fairly large proportion of pebbles as much as 2 inches in diameter. In this deposit the beds of large water-yielding capacity are tongues of clean sand or gravel; one or more such tongues have been penetrated by wells at most places on the flood plain, though their depth and thick­ ness at any particular place cannot be foretold. At some places the deposit contains many fine particles so thoroughly interspersed with, the sand and gravel that water is yielded slowly to wells; some such places are in the bottoms of ephemeral drains and channels that are occupied by slack water when the river is in freshet. It appears that here much of the silt has been brought in after the gravel and sand has been carried downward into the deposit as the silt-laden backwater seeped away. All the materials of the younger alluvium, even the finest sand and silt, appear to be quite fresh; from this and from the

408526 42 3 28 GROUND WATEB OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. relative coarseness of the materials, it is judged that over most of the flood plain water can penetrate easily from the land surface to the water table. Along the main branch of the Willamette River, the alluvial deposit just described forms a tongue that is from half a mile to 4 miles wide and is coextensive with the flood plain. Its thickness ranges from a feather edge along either margin of the flood plain to a few tens of feet; the greatest known thickness, in well 463, near Corvallis,8 is 42 feet. Branching from it, tongues of similar material extend east­ ward along those tributary streams that rise high in the Cascade Mountains and that reach the central lowland with relatively steep gradients. In order northward these tributaries are the Middle Fork, McKenzie River, the two branches of the Santiam River, and the Mo] alia River. In contrast with the deposits just described, the younger alluvium is of decidedly different character along the smaller tributaries" that enter the Willamette River from the east and along all the tributaries that enter from the west. Along the smaller tributaries from the east such as Muddy Creek and the Calapooya River to the south and the Pudding River to the north young alluvial deposits are formed largely of fine-grained materials derived from the lowland. At most places, therefore, they do not transmit water freely and do not promise wells of large capacity. The tributaries that enter the Willamette River from the west reach the lowland with a very slight gradient. Thus, their young alluvial deposits contain little clean sand and gravel within the area that is shown on plates 1 and 2 and so generally do not yield water freely. These streams, in order from the south, include the Long Tom, Muddy, Luckianmte, Yamhill, and Tualatin Rivers. Three tongues of young alluvium delimited on plate 1 are somewhat higher than the flood plains of present streams. The largest of these is the so-called Lake Labish channel, which trends northeastward from the flood plain of the Willamette River just north of Salem to the plain of Pudding River near the town of Mount Angol. The two smaller tongues occur to the east, directly across Pudding River; they diverge from the present valley of Abiqua Creek about 3 miles southeast of Mount Angel. All three tongues floor abandoned stream- ways. All three appear to be composed of fine-grained materials, are probably thin, and are judged to be low in water-yielding capacity.

OLDER ALLUVIUM AND RELATED DEPOSITS The materials that form and lie immediately beneath the main lowland plain of the Willamette River Basin are shown on plate 1 as older alluvium and related deposits. At least two distinctive sorts s Descriptions of wells appear in tables 11 and 12; locations are shown on plates 1 and 2. UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 29 of material are included: comparatively coarse alluvial or stream-laid material beneath all the main plain southward from the rock-bound narrows at Salem; distinctly finer material northward from Salem, of which that lying immediately beneath the land surface appears not to have been deposited by vigorous streams. The principal character­ istics of the material in these two parts of the valley are described below. The mode of occurrence of the ground-water and the yield from the deposits are treated on pages 34 to 54. As has been stated, the main plain in the southern segment of the valley comprises several broad alluvial fans and intervening flats of very gentle slope. It covers about 400,000 acres. To a depth of at least 50 feet below the land surface, the central and higher parts of the fans appear to be composed largely of tongues and lentils of gravel and sand interspersed with unassorted mixtures of sand and silt (pi. 6, A). The better-assorted bodies of gravel and sand serve as arteries whfch, though perhaps devious, appear to be rather thor­ oughly interconnected, thus allowing free movement of ground water. One or more ground-water arteries of this sort are penetrated by numerous wells. Toward the lower margins of the alluvial fans the coarser alluvial deposits just described appear to grade into and inter- finger with poorly assorted or unassorted mixtures of sand, silt, and pebbles which in turn, beneath the flats that intervene between alluvial fans, grade into heterogeneous material that is largely earthy. These finer alluvial materials yield water slowly. Little is known of the character of the lower or deeper part of the older alluvium in this part of the valley. Near the center of the area the deposit, according to the driller's record of well 637 (table 12), contains much "clay" and "mud" below a depth of 60 feet and especially below a depth of 145 feet. Unfortunately that record, the only one available for the purpose, does not show whether the clay- like material occurs in distinct beds that alternate with layers of sand and gravel or whether fine and coarse particles are commingled throughout the lower part of the deposit. That single record does not preclude the possibility that elsewhere in the area the deeper part of the older alluvium may be composed largely of gravel and sand, such as predominate in the higher parts of the alluvial fans that form the land surface. Neither does the single record warrant a judgment as to the water-yielding capacity of the deeper alluvial materials. So far as is indicated by data now available, the older alluvium in the southern segment of the valley is somewhat finer and less thor­ oughly assorted than the younger alluvium of the same area. Al­ though its upper part, at least, contains fairly extensive arteries that yield water quite freely, the deposit as a whole is probably less pervious than the younger alluvium. In the soil zone, the finer particles of 30 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. the older alluvium at some places have been disintegrated by weather­ ing. Consequently infiltration of water from the land surface to the water table doubtless is somewhat impeded here and there; however, infiltration probably is nearly as free as through the younger alluvium except near the outer margins of the alluvial fans and over the inter­ vening flats. Because the older alluvium was deposited over an eroded bedrock surface, its thickness must range from a feather edge along the outer margin of the alluvial plain to a maximum over the lowest point on the bedrock floor. Geologic features of the valley suggest that the bedrock floor had moderate local relief. Consequently the thickness of the alluvial deposit may vary decidedly, even within small areas. Few determinations of the thickness in the southern half of the valley are available (see pi. 7). These few, which are drawn wholly from driller's records of wells, show fairly well the thickness and the altitude of the underlying bedrock floor near the upstream end of the rock- bound narrows that extends from Albany to Salem and at several places along the margin of the alluvial plain. Only three records afford any data for the central part of the plain; of these, only the record for well 637, at Junction City, is at all detailed. At this place, the alluvial deposits appear to be not less than 200 feet nor more than 233 feet thick; the thickness cannot be fixed precisely, owing to the uncertain driller's classification of fine-textured materials low in the alluvial deposit in distinction from the bedrock, which is largely shale. That the thickness found at Junction City is about the greatest in all the southern segment of the valley is suggested by abandoned well, 610, which is reported to have been drilled 300 feet deep and to have encountered strong salt water, doubtless in bedrock. In the well at Junction City the bedrock floor underneath the alluvium appears to be not more than 120 feet nor less than about 90 feet above sea level that is, at least 40 feet lower than at the rock-bound narrows to the north, near Albany. This feature suggests that the floor on which the alluvium rests, although shaped primarily by erosion, may have been deformed by movements of the earth's crust before alluviation began. If so, the thickness of the alluvium may vary in a most irregular fashion. A conservative estimate of the average thickness of the alluvial deposits that underlie the southern half of the main valley plain, largely older alluvium, appears to be about 70 feet. If so, these unconsolidated materials would have a total volume of about 30,000,- 000 acre-feet and would have the capacity to store about 2,500,000 acre-feet of ground water. (See p. 40.) As has been stated, the materials that lie immediately beneath the main lowland plain northward from Salem to the vicinities of Newberg and Canby are distinct from those to the south, just described. With UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 31 the exception of a few gravel fans or tongues along the margin of the plain, as along the lower reaches of the Yamhill and Molalla Rivers, only fine sediments (largely medium sand to silt) crop out or have been exposed by highway cuts. These are the sediments whose composition has been treated briefly by Felts.9 At most places they are rudely stratified in beds that average about a foot in thickness (pi. 6, 5); at a few places they include streaks of coarse sand. Even though fine­ grained, they are appreciably pervious in part, for they contain at least one extensive body of semiperched water so high above the major streams that recharge can take place only by infiltration from rain falling on the highest parts of the main lowland plain. That semi- perched body supplies many domestic wells but probably will not yield water in large quantities, such as for irrigation. At well 245, which is about 0.7 mile east of Gervais and which is believed to afford a typical section of the materials that underlie the northern half of the main lowland plain, these fine sediments extend to a depth of 68 feet beneath the land surface. From the base of the fine sediments to the bottom of the well, at a depth of 252 feet, beds of clay and silt make up slightly less than half the thickness, and beds of pervious sand and gravel the remainder. Most of the pervious beds occur in four zones whose tops are 68, 108, 146, and 218 feet beneath the land surface. Apparently the well did not reach the underlying bedrock, so that the character of the deepest unconsolidated materials in the vicinity is not known.

TABLE 7. Physical properties of water-bearing materials from well 245 [V. C. Fishel, analyst] Sample 1 Sample S Depth (feet)-__-__-______-______230 241 Apparent specific gravity, laboratory packing.______1. 67 1. 57 Porosity (percent), laboratory packing.______38.3 41.3 Coefficient of permeability.______695 1, 050 Mechanical analysis (size in millimeters, percent by weight): Gravel, more than 2.0______20.2 1.9 Fine gravel, 2.0-1.0__.______9.7 8.9 Coarse sand, 1.0-0.5.._..__.______.______20.1 24.0 Medium sand, 0.5-0.25______34.0 51.1 Fine sand, 0.25-0.125______11.3 8.5 Very fine sand, 0.125-0.062______1.6 1.5 Silt, 0.062-0.005_____-____1______1.9 2.7 Clay, less than 0.005______1.3 1.5 About the same succession of impervious and pervious beds is shown by the records of several other wells to the west and north, to the Willamette River and beyond. The pervious beds of sand and gravel supply several wells such as Nos. 245, 247, 248, 252, 262, and 263, » Felts, W. M., Analysis of Willamette Valley fill [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Proc. 1935, p. 346,1936. 32 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. which are heavily pumped; also wells 139, 153, and 159, which are not pumped severely. In the area from Salem northward to Newberg and Canby, as in the area to the south, the older alluvium and related deposits rest on a bedrock floor and, along the margin of the main valley plain, lap over the bedrock and feather out against it. Thus, the pervious zones in these deposits terminate against the bedrock at a distance from the outer margin of the plain, especially beneath tongues of the plain that extend far into the foothills. Obviously, therefore, the pervious zones are less extensive than the plain, and the deepest zone is the least extensive of all. However, even the deepest zone is believed to extend over half the area or more. Over a large part of this area the older alluvium and related deposits appear to be more than 200 feet thick (see pi. 7); the greatest known thickness, 296 feet, is at well 221, in sec. 8, T. 5 S., R. 3 W., about 12 miles west of Woodburn. There the bedrock floor is about 140 feet below sea level. Obviously that floor has been depressed with respect to sea level; if it has been materially warped or faulted as well as depressed, most of that deformation must have taken place before the main valley plain was constructed, for the plain is remarkably flat (seep. 10). If the average thickness of the older alluvium and related deposits iti this northern segment of the main lowland plain is taken as 150 feet, an estimate which appears to be conservative, the total volume of the deposits would be about 50,000,000 acre-feet and the water-storage capacity about 3,500,000 acre-feet. Still farther north, the Tualatin Valley is a topographic analog of the segment of the main lowland plain whose older unconsolidated deposits have just been described. That valley is floored by an un­ consolidated deposit some 200 feet thick which in its upper part is quite similar to that of the main lowland plain. However, in its lower part the beds of pervious sand and gravel appear to be neither thick nor very extensive. To the east, along the Willamette River in the vicinity of Portland, there are correlative unconsolidated materials in part of similar texture and composition. Neither in the Tualatin Valley nor in the vicinity of Portland, however, has the deposit equiv­ alent to the older alluvium been discriminated from younger and older unconsolidated deposits with which it is complexly associated.

TERRACE DEPOSIT AND RELATED ALLUVIAL MATERIALS Along the outer margin of the main lowland plain, commonly from 30 to 100 feet above the plain and throughout all the length of the Willamette Valley, there are scattered though conspicuous rem­ nants of a terrace formed by a coarse unassorted stream deposit (see pis. 1 and 2). At most places the deposit appears to be no more TJNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 33

than a few tens of feet thick and commonly rests on a bedrock shelf that is higher than the main lowland plain, especially hi the northern lialf of the valley. Consequently much of the deposit is so thoroughly drained that it contains little ground water. However, certain of the remnant deposits in the southern half of the valley such as Sand Ridge, in sees. 24 and 25, T. 12 S., K. 3 W., and Fern Kidge, in the northeastern part of T. 17 S., 11. 5 W. extend to an unknown depth below the main lowland plain and so into the regional body of ground water. Everywhere this terrace deposit is weathered rather severely, but especially in the southern half of the valley. There, at least the upper 20 feet of the finer matrix of the deposit is thoroughly decomposed to a compact clay and even the largest cobbles are so much disintegrated and decomposed that they can be cut through by a single sharp stroke with pick or shovel. (See pi. 8, A.) Material so thoroughly decom­ posed has little or no capacity for the infiltration or transmission of water. On the other hand, test borings made recently by the United States Engineer Department at the Fern Ridge dam site, in sees. 3 and 4, T. 17 S., R. 5 W., indicate that there the terrace deposit is not much weathered at depth and so probably is sufficiently pervious to transmit water rather freely. This condition probably does not exist beneath most of the terrace remnants. There are correlated tentatively with the terrace deposit two rela­ tively extensive bodies of unconsoliclated material: the gravel that veneers the Molalla pediment, which is in Tps. 4 and 5 S., Rs. 1 and 2 E., between the Molalla River on the northeast and Butte Creek on the southwest; and the Portland "delta," which lies in the angle between the Columbia and Willamette Rivers, extends eastward across R. 3 E., and is topographically correlative with an extensive plain to the north in the State of Washington. The Molalla pediment rises gradually eastward to an altitude of about 475 feet above sea level or nearly 300 feet above the main low­ land plain. The character of the materials that underlie the pediment is only imperfectly known, though a few scattered outcrops and the driller's record of well 280 (table 12) suggest that the pediment is veneered with poorly assorted gravel and sand a few tens of feet thick, beneath which compact "clay" with a few thin beds of "sand" extend to a depth of at least 300 feet. Well 188, which, is on the main lowland plain just west of the Molalla pediment, also penerated "clay" and "sandy clay" between depths of 65 and 350 feet below the land surface and then entered shale. (See table 12.) Outcrops show that part of the thick mass of "clay" penetrated by these two wells and by others of the vicinity is volcanic tuff, both massive and stratified, and should be correlated with the partly consolidated Troutdale or Rhodo- 34 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. dendron formations of Hodge, 10 or both. Regardless of the precise correlation, these materials that underlie the pediment have small capacity to transmit water. The Portland "delta" is triangular in plan and extends about 14 miles southward from the mouth of the Willamette River and about 19 miles eastward along the Columbia River, to a point 1% miles be­ yond the eastern edge of the area represented on plate 1. Its highest part is about 300 feet above sea level. Numerous pits and cuts show that to a depth of at least 100 feet it is composed of stratified and cross- bedded sand and gravel, with a few thin partings of sandy silt. This, characteristic bedding is well-shown on plate 8, B. Obviously, the deposit was stream-laid on a gradually rising base level and was not built in a single stage by progression of a delta into deep water. The thickness of the deposit is suggested by the record of well 33 (table 12) r which is reported to have penetrated little but gravel and sand to a depth of 360 feet and then alternate layers of clay, sand, and boulders to a depth of 405 feet. Certain layers of "conglomerate" between 220 and 330 feet in depth may indicate that the lower part of this zone should be ascribed to the bedrock, specifically to the Troutdale formation of Hodge.11 (See p. 23.) Below a depth of 405 feet and to a depth of 1,300 feet, the well passed largely through a marl" and shale, which very probably should be ascribed to the bedrock. Irrespective of these uncertainties in correlation, the unconsolidated "delta" deposit probably is not less than 300 feet thick in some places. A large proportion of the deposit is highly pervious and supplies numer­ ous wells of large capacity.

OCCURRENCE, SOURCE, AND DISPOSAL OF WATER IN THE UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS FORM AND FLUCTUATIONS OF THE WATER TABLE In the southern half of the Willamette Valley and through the rock- bound narrows that extends to Salem, both the younger and the older alluvium are highly pervious almost throughout and are underlain by bedrock formations that are much less pervious. These two alluvial deposits act essentially as a single ground-water reservoir of very large capacity (see p. 32), quite analogous to a surface water reservoir. Thus, as water is added to the reservoir more of the alluvium is saturated and the ground-water level rises more or less proportionately; as water is discharged, either through natural drainage downstream or through withdrawals by pumping, some alluvium is unwatered and the ground- water level falls. Obviously, the height of the water table the upper surface of that part of the alluvium which is saturated with water is never quite steady but fluctuates constantly. 10 Hodge, E. T., Age of Columbia River and lower canyon [abstract]: Geol. Soc. America Bull., vol. 44, p. 157, 1933. " Idem. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY \VATEK-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 4

A, COLLIER GLACIER. VIEWED FROM ITS WESTERN LATERAL B. YOUNGER ALLUVIUM OF THE McKENZIE RIVER. MORAINE. Material from lower part of well 680. North Sister Peak in the background. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPEK 890 PLATE 5

A. GRAVEL PIT IN THE SE}4 SEC. 8, T. 11 S., R. 4 W.

B. PIT OF EAST SIDE SAND & GRAVEL CO. NEAR CORV\LLIS. In SWH sec. 2, T. 12 S., R. 5 W.

YOUNGER ALLUVIUM OF THE WILLAMETTE RIVER. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 890 PLATE 6

A. EXPOSURE UN THE NWH SEC. 1, T. 16 S., R. 4 W.

B. HIGHWAY CUT IN THE NW}4 SEC. 7, T. 4 S., R. 1. E., SHOWING FAINT STRATIFICATION.

OLDER ALLUVIUM AND RELATED DEPOSITS.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 890 PLATE 8

A. DECOMPOSED TERRACE DEPOSIT IN HIGHWAY CUT IN THE NH SEC. 32, T. 12 S., R. 1 W

B CROSS-BEDDED SAND AND GRAVEL EXPOSED IN CUT ALONG THE SPOKANE. PORTLAND & SEATTLE RAILWAY, 0.1 MILE NORTH OF LOMBARD STREET, PORTLAND.

UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 35

Contour lines on plates 1 and 2 show the height and general form of the water table as of November 1935, when the water table was about at its lowest stage for that water year and very little above its lowest known stage. That general form changes little as the water table rises and falls because, as indicated later, fluctuations of the ground-water level are of about the same order of magnitude and roughly synchronous over most of the valley. Beneath the broad interstream areas in the southern half of the valley, the water table is higher than the streams and slopes downward away from the foot­ hills and northward toward and through the rock-bound narrows. Along either side of the Willamette River and the larger tributary streams, however, the water table ordinarily pitches downward to form a broad shallow trough whose bottom meets and prolongs the water surface of the stream. These troughs or valleys of the water table persist throughout most of the year but may be partly or largely obliterated during brief periods as the ground-water level rises sharply with freshets. (See p. 38.) In contrast to these troughs, the water table also rises into a number of minor ridges where relatively imper­ vious material is not far beneath the land surface, as south of Corvallis in Tps. 12 and 13 S., R. 5 W., east of Corvallis in T. 12 S., R. 4 W., and west of Eugene in T. 17 S., R. 5 W. In the northern half of the valley ground water occurs under con­ ditions that are quite distinct from those just described. There, the unconsolidated deposits are not continuously pervious, and at least three separate bodies of ground water can be delimited. The first is in the tongue of younger alluvium that underlies the flood plain of the Willamette River, and the water is unconfined, as in the southern half of the valley. Distinct water-table contours for this body of unconfined water are shown on plate 1. The second occurs beneath each of the extensive "prairies" or interstream segments of the main lowland plain. There, the shallowest ground water is also unconfined, but it is held high above river level by beds of low pervi- ousness. These bodies of water are semiperched; contours on their respective water tables are shown on plate 1. In general these water tables are highest beneath the central parts of the prairies and descend in all directions toward the stream trenches by which the prairies are bounded; in detail, their slopes are rather uneven. The third body, which is in the deep pervious beds that pass below the floors of the stream trenches, is confined under hydrostatic pressure. The height of the static level for this confined water is shown approximately by appro­ priate contour lines; over most of the area this static level is somewhat lower thar^tvhe semipercheSd water table, but at some places it appears to be higher. It is considerably higher than the unconfined water table in the younger alluvium. 36 GROUND WATE.R OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Plate 9 shows typical water-level fluctuations in wells of the Willa- mette Valley; the fluctuations in numerous other wells are shown by the data on water levels, table 13. Of the 12 wells represented on plate 9, Nos. 421, 463, 553, 568, 636, and 680 are in the southern half of the valley and their graphs show fluctuations of the regional water table in comparison with fluctuations of stage in the Willamette River at Corvallis and at Salem. Of the remaining 6 wells, which are in the northern half of the valley, well 171 and probably well 318 show fluctuations of semiperched water tables; well 245 and probably well 297 show fluctuations in pressure head of the confined water; and well 148 and possibly well 196 show fluctuations of the regional water table. Characteristic features of the fluctuations, their causes, and their relation to the withdrawal of ground water for irrigation and for other purposes are discussed later. The water-level fluctuations thus far observed in the Willamette Valley have been due primarily to natural causes; withdrawals by pumping are relatively so small that they depress the ground-water level only locally and transiently. Throughout the valley the ground- water levels are characteristically lowest in late autumn, ordinarily in the last half of October or the first half of November. The re­ plenishment of the soil-moisture deficiency begins with the onset of the rainy season (see p. 37), and within a relatively short tune, ordi­ narily by mid-January for a water body that is unconfined and some­ what later for a body that is confined, the water level rises to its highest stage of the year. At many wells it then oscillates through a range of a few feet during the early spring, but after April it tends to decline steadily throughout the valley until the ensuing low stage is reached. Both the maximum and the minimum yearly ranges of ground-water level thus far determined about 28 feet at well 426 and 3K feet at well 409 in 1935-36 have been in the southern half of the valley where virtually all the ground water is unconfined. The smallest ranges occur commonly near the outer margin of the valley plain and in foothill alcoves; the largest, beneath the open plain at a distance from the larger streams. In the younger alluvium along the principal streams, the yearly range is moderate for ex­ ample, 6 miles north of Albany at well 421, the range was 5 feet in 1928-29 and 15# feet in 1935-36; 2 miles east of Corvallis at well 463 the ranges for those water years were Yl}( and 13% feet, respectively; at Lebanon in well 568, 4% and 8% feet; and 6 miles north of Eugene at well 680, 4% and 6H feet. In the northern half of the valley the yearly range of ground-water level appears to be moderate at most places. The greatest range is in the unconfined semiperched water. For example, 4 miles northwest of Woodburn at well 171 the water level had a range of 15 feet in 1928-29 and of 17 feet in 1935-36. For the pressure head of the deep confined water in the same area, UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 37 the yearly range is only about half as great; 3 miles southwest of Woodburn at well 245 it was 9 feet in 1935-36; 4K miles north of Salem at well 297 it was 8% feet in 1929-30 and 10 feet in 1935-36. With reference to the unconfined water in the older alluvium and related deposits, including the semiperched water in the northern half of the valley, the sharp rise of ground-water level in December and January must be due almost entirely to the infiltration of rain that falls in the immediate vicinity; for even when lowest the ground-water level beneath most of the valley is higher than the streams, and the ground-water level rises so nearly simultaneously over all the valley that replenishment can scarcely be caused by extensive lateral perco­ lation. In those 2 months the average rainfall is about 12 inches, or roughly a third of the yearly total (p. 16); it is far more than the con­ current evaporation or consumptive use and is adequate for a very sub­ stantial addition to ground-water storage in most years. The re­ peated rise and fall of ground-water level that has been observed at many wells in late winter and early spring is here ascribed to inter­ mittent infiltration from successive storms with alternate partial drainage of the newly saturated material; the steady decline after April is ascribed largely to continuous unwatering of the alluvial deposits as the ground water moves laterally toward and into the streams. The relation of this unwatering to stream flow is treated on page 39. Only a negligible part of the steady decline can be caused by withdrawals from wells, which so far have been very small in pro­ portion to the volume of ground water involved in the yearly satura­ tion and unwatering. The fluctuations in the static level of the water that is confined beneath the northern part of the valley, unlike those of the unconfmed water, just treated, do not indicate commensurate saturation and un­ watering of pervious material at that place. Rather, all the deep pervious material is constantly saturated, and the fluctuations indi­ cate merely changes in pressure transmitted from some external source. Of necessity, the water is derived from an outlying catchment and in­ take area. That intake area presumably lies chiefly to the south and east. The winter increase of pressure head in the deep water-bearing beds, which lags only slightly behind the rising level of the semi- perched water above, might come about in either or both of two ways: First, the weight of the water taken into storage in the semiperched zone imposing a commensurate load on the deeper aquifers through elastic deformation of the strata; 12 and second, a rising water level in the remote catchment area being transmitted laterally through the aquifer as a wave of pressure head. Conversely, the decline of the pressure head in summer and autumn would be causecl by relief of 12 Meinzer, O. E., Compressibility and elasticity of artesian aquifers: Econ. Geology, vol. 23, pp. 272- 276,1928. 38 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

load as the semiperched zone became unwatered, by recession of the water level in the catchment area, or both. In the younger alluvium along the Willamette River and its princi­ pal tributaries, the fluctuations of ground-water level appear to follow rather closely the fluctuations in stream stage. (See pi. 9, well 463, and river station at Corvallis.) However, the ground-water level probably is determined more by a backwater effect of rising and falling river stage than by extensive percolation from the river into the alluvium and the reverse, for ordinarily the water table slopes downward toward the river. Thus, the yearly saturation of the younger alluvium is doubtless due in considerable part to infiltration of rain; the alluvium is unwatered by drainage to the streams, as in the older alluvium. With respect to the withdrawal of ground water for irrigation and other uses, the natural water-level fluctuations have several practical applications. If large withdrawals are to be made from single wells at a minimum operating cost, each pumping plant should be designed to accommodate the water-level range of the particular locality. Where the alluvium is thin and is underlain by impervious rock, as along certain reaches of the flood plains (p. 44), it may be largely un­ watered by midsummer, so that large withdrawals cannot be sus­ tained. For example, the irrigation well 463 on the east farm of the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station near Corvallis encountered impermeable shale 42 feet beneath the land surface. There, the highest static water level so far recorded was 32 feet above the shale, the lowest 18 feet. After deducting the draw-down by the pump, the saturated zone that yields water to the well is only half as thick at the low static level as at the high; the yield of water is correspondingly smaller. At many other places, as in the vicinity of Albany, the al­ luvium is still thinner and the capacity of wells diminishes even more as the water level recedes during the summer. Under these condi­ tions, even greater diminution of yield would be expected if many wells were pumped heavily, with consequent interference and comu- lative depression of the ground-water level; in 1938 heavily pumped wells were few and widely scattered. Should the ground-water resources in the southern half of the valley be developed extensively in the future for supplemental irrigation, the natural water-level fluctuations that have been described would doubt­ less be modified appreciably. In areas where large withdrawals are concentrated, the water-level decline in early summer probably would be quickened and the ultimate level in autumn would be lower. Thus, the deficiency in ground-water storage at the onset of the rainy season would be greater, and full replenishment by infiltration would be somewhat delayed. These effects of extensive withdrawals are una­ voidable; in fact, they are the means by which the underground res- TJNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS 39

ervoir can be made to store additional water during the rainy season for later use. In this connection, the infiltration capacity of the alluvial deposits appears to be so large and the winter rainfall so much in excess of natural use, that withdrawals much greater than at present probably would be fully replaced between the seasons of pumping. (See also p. 40.) In the northern half of the valley, heavy withdrawals from the con­ fined water bodies in deep pervious beds would modify the natural water-level fluctuations in another manner. There, withdrawals can be increased only in proportion to the extent that the natural move­ ment of water from the remote intake area can be accelerated. Accel­ erated movement is possible only if the hydraulic gradient is steep­ ened from the area of pumping to the area of intake; in other words, the pressure head in the pumping area must fall. Thus, sustained large withdrawals probably would depress the water level somewhat more than in the southern half of the valley, and full recovery of head probably would not come about as quickly.

RELATION OF GROUND "WATER TO RAINFALL, AND STREAMS As has been suggested by the foregoing treatment of water-level fluctuations, the bodies of ground water in the unconsolidated depos­ its of the Willamette Valley are integral parts of the drainage system. These bodies receive water chiefly by infiltration of rain from the low­ land plains directly above or, in the case of the confined water in the northern half of the valley, from the remote intake area. From these bodies water is discharged naturally into the streams and so helps to sustain the stream flow, especially during the summer and autumn. The general direction of ground-water movement, from points of intake to points of discharge, may be deduced from the form of the water table or other pressure-indicating surfaces, for movement must be in the direction of the steepest downward hydraulic gradient. In other words, the direction of movement must be at right angles to the contour lines on the water table or analogous surface and from higher contours toward the lower. Thus, the contour lines shown on plates 1 and 2 indicate that the unconfined water in the southern half of the valley moves inward away from the foothills and in a general northward direction until it seeps into the streams and so passes out of the basin. In the northern half of the valley, between Salem and Canby, the semiperched water tends to move radially out­ ward from the center of the "prairie" into several perennial creeks, also to numerous small springs and seeps along the slopes or bluffs by which the prairie is surrounded. Probably some of the semi- perched water is discharged through a ground-water cascade along the outer margin of the prairie. In the same area, the confined water in the deeper pervious zone appears to move generally northwestward 40 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

away from the foothill area that lies south of Salem and Silverton. Where this water is returned to the land surface is not definitely known. Leakage upward into the younger alluvium along the Wil- lamette River and the lower Yamhill River and thence into the streams is inferred tentatively because the pressure head appears to dimmish sharply beneath the flood plains. A possible effect of with­ drawals from wells is shown by the southward deflection of the lines of equal pressure head in the vicinity of Woodburn.

DEPENDABILITY OF THE GROUND -WATER SUPPLY In an area such as the Willamette Valley the pervious materials beneath the land surface have long since been saturated to capacity and, over a term of years, as much ground water must be discharged as is received by infiltration or other means of recharge. Thus, if ground water is to be withdrawn for use year after year without ulti­ mately depleting the initial storage, the volume withdrawn must be salvaged directly or indirectly from water that otherwise would be discharged naturally. With respect to the unconfined water in the younger and older alluvium in the southern half of the Willamette Valley, withdrawals must be salvaged from the water that is stored intermittently in the zone of yearly saturation and unwatering. The volume of this water is large. Thus, among 63 representative water-table wells in that part of the valley, the thickness of the zone that was saturated in the water year of 1935-36 ranged from 3.8 to 28.2 feet and averaged 12.0 feet. From the high stage of that winter until the end of the next September, the zone of unwatering ranged from 3.0 to 25.3 feet in thickness and averaged 10.7 feet. If these averages from the 63 wells are applied to all the area, the volume of material saturated was about 5,300,000 acre-feet; of that subsequently unwatered, 4,700,000 acre-feet. If then the mean specific yield of the alluvial deposits the ratio between the volume of the deposits and the volume of water that the deposits, after being saturated, will yield by gravity drain­ age is taken as 10 percent, 13 a percentage that is probably conserva­ tive, ground-water storage in the area increased about 530,000 acre- feet during the winter of 1935-36 and diminished about 470,000 acre- feet during the following spring and summer. During the 4-month period November to February the rainfall was about 1 percent less than the 40-year average. Therefore the opportunity for recharge by infiltration certainly was not excessive. In contrast, the winter rainfall in 1928-29 was about 20 percent less than the 40-year aver­ age; in 1929-30, about 10 percent less. In these 2 years, the range in ground-water storage appears to have been little, if any, less than 13 Piper, A. M., Gale, H. S., Thomas, H. E., and Robinson, T. W., Geology and ground-water hydrology of the Mokelumne area, Calif.: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 780, pp. 101-118, 1939. SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 41

in 1935-36. Thus, ground-water recharge and discharge in 1935-36, amounting to about 500,000 acre-feet, may be assumed to have been roughly equal to the long-term average. In comparison, the total withdrawal of ground water for use in 1928-36 by numerous wells for rural household use, for a few community water systems serving a few thousand people, and for supplemental irrigation on a few thousand acres of land is very small. It is impracticable to salvage and use all the yearly ground-water recharge in the southern half of the valley. To do so would require that the ground-water level be sufficiently depressed by pumping to keep it below the level of the streams; thus certain thin parts of the alluvial deposits would be completely and perrranently unwatered. Nevertheless, it appears wholly practicable to withdraw water at several times the rate of the 1928-36 withdrawals, and so to increase considerably the irrigated acreage and other water services. The scope of the reconnaissance on which this report is based does not permit a close estimate of the greatest practicable yearly withdrawal the so-called safe yield, or the volume of water that could be with­ drawn year after year without ultimately so depleting the supply that further withdrawals at that rate would become too costly. A reliable determination of the safe yield will be desirable if and when ground- water utilization increases several fold, but that determination would require a very intensive investigation. No definite conclusions can be drawn at this time with respect to the safe yield of the deep water-bearing zone in the northern half of the valley, the only zone in the older unconsolidated deposit in that area that appears adequate to supply wells of large capacity. Thus far, the withdrawals for all uses have been no larger than in the south­ ern half of the valley, if as large. Further, no cumulative decrease in the pressure head of the water is shown by the water-level data now available. Accordingly, it appears that the present withdrawals can be increased several times without causing excessive interference between wells and possibly many times before the safe yield is ex­ ceeded.

SUBDIVISIONS OF THE CENTRAL LOWLAND WITH RESPECT TO YIELD OF GROUND WATER The central lowland of the Willamette River Basin may be divided tentatively into 20 subareas that are fairly distinct with respect to conditions of ground-water occurrence and to water-yielding capacity of the unconsolidated deposits. The position and extent of these sub- areas are shown on plate 10. The locations of typical wells in the several subareas are shown on plates 1 and 2; descriptions and driller's records of the wells are given in tables 11 and 12, respectively; and data on water-level fluctuations are given in table 13. The subareas 42 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

are listed below, and the list is followed by a summary of their ground- water features.

TENTATIVE SUBAREAS OF THE CENTRAL LOWLAND Flood plains of the principal streams, including some related segments of the main valley plain: 1. Springfield "delta," comprising the younger alluvial plains of the Mc- Kenzie and Willamette Rivers above their junction and an intervening segment of the older alluvial plain. 2. Upstream reach of the Willamette River flood plain, from the Spring­ field "delta" downstream nearly to Albany. 3. Middle reach of the Willamette River flood plain, through the rock- bound narrows that begins about 2 miles upstream from Albany and extends to Salem, an air-line distance of 21 miles. 4. Lebanon alluvial fan, comprising the younger alluvial plains of the North Santiam and South Santiam Rivers about their junction and a. contiguous part of the older alluvial plain that extends westward to Albany and southward to Oak Creek. 5. Downstream reach of the Willamette River flood plain, from Salem to the mouth of the Pudding River. 6. Canby fan, comprising the younger alluvial plains of the Pudding River below Aurora and of the Molalla River below Molalla and the older alluvial plain between the Molalla River and the terrace about 2 miles, east of Canby. 7. Younger alluvial plain of the Willamette River below Portland and of the adjacent part of the Columbia River. Main valley plain: 8. Eugene-Junction City segment extending westward about 3 miles from, the Willamette River flood plain. 9. Coburg-Harrisburg segment between the Willamette River flood plain on the west and Lake and Muddy Creeks on the east. 10. Elmira segment, including all the older plain between subarea 8 on the east and the terrace remnants or foothills on the west, in Tps. 15-17 -S. 11. Brownsville-Albany segment, all the older plain between subareas 2 and 9 on the west and subarea 4 on the northeast; outliers of the Tertiary bedrock are excluded. 12. Corvallis segment, bounded on the east by subarea 2 and on the west by foothills or terrace remnants. 13. Minor segments in the vicinity of Albany, remnants of the older plain on both sides of the Willamette River in Tps. 9 and 10 S. 14. Monmouth-Independence segment, lying west of the Willamette River flood plain in Tps. 7-9 S. 15. Stayton-Mill Creek basin, comprising the alluvial fan north of the North Santiam River in Tps. 8 and 9 S., Rs. 1 and 2 W., and the older plain from Salem eastward to the Little Pudding River and northward to the Lake Labish channel. 16. French Prairie, bounded on the west and north by the Willamette River flood plain, on the east and south by Pudding River and the Lake Labish channel. 17. Dayton Prairie and adjacent areas, all segments of the younger and older plains west or north of the Willamette River flood plain and adjacent to it, from Salem downstream to Canby. SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 43

18. Tualatin Valley, comprising the younger and older plains of the Tualatin River Basin but excluding numerous remnants of a higher terrace and two outliers of bedrock, one extensive. Areas largely higher than the main valley plain: 19. Molalla pediment and related parts of the central lowland, bounded on the west by subareas 15, 16, and 6 and on the southeast by bedrock foothills; excludes the bedrock outlier Mount Angel but includes terrace remnants east of the Molalla River, one east of Canby and another around Mulino. 20. Portland "delta," including all alluvial plains in the vicinity of Portland between Kellogg Creek and the Clackamas River to the south and the Columbia River flood plain to the north. Springfield delta (subarea 1). Along the lower reaches of the Willam- ette and McKenzie Rivers, over the so-called Springfield or McKen- zie River delta, both the younger and the older alluvial deposits contain many interconnected lentils and tongues of highly pervious gravel and coarse sand. One or more of these pervious members has been en­ countered in every well known to have been constructed in the area. Wells 675 to 684, 696, and 712 are typical of numerous irrigation wells, which together serve at least 1,500 acres of land. Most of the existing wells in this area are dug from 6)2 to 25 feet deep and have simple open-bottom casings of wood or concrete tile. Their pene­ tration, the distance they extend below the water table into saturated material, is not more than about 5 feet when the static level of the ground water is lowest nor more than about 12 feet when the water level is highest. The few drilled wells have somewhat greater pene­ tration, but none are more than 12 inches in diameter and none have been thoroughly developed to secure the largest possible yield. Even these simple and relatively shallow wells yield from 250 to 400 gal­ lons a minute, and several have specific capacities of 100 gallons a minute or more for each foot of draw-down. Doubtless, much larger yields could be obtained without excessive draw-down by constructing wells that are adequately screened, ample in diameter, thoroughly developed, and of greater penetration. For wells of similar construction in the highly pervious alluvium, the specific capacity should increase with greater penetration into water-bearing beds; obviously, penetration is limited by the thickness of the alluvial deposit, which is imperfectly known (see pi. 7). The few data available suggest that the greatest thickness may exceed 100 feet, which would afford wells with a penetration and potential capacity many times greater than any now existing. On the other hand, the bedrock floor that underlies the "delta" presum­ ably has moderate relief, somewhat similar to that of the adjoining foothills. Accordingly, the thickness and total water-yielding capacity of the alluvium may vary greatly within small areas.

408526 42 4 44 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

Upstream from Springfield the alluvial deposits along the McKenzie River and the Middle Fork are inferred commonly to have a large capacity to yield water. On the other hand, the alluvial tongue that extends along the Coast Fork to the vicinity of Cottage Grove appears to be much less pervious on the average and so does not promise wells of large capacity. Upstream and downstream reaches of the Willamette River flood plain (subareas 2 and 5). Downstream from the Springfield "delta," except through the narrows between Albany and Salem, the tongue of younger alluvium along the Willamette Riverhas fairly uniform capac­ ity to transmit water. Wells 653, 654, 538, 539, 550, 463, 464, and 234, in order downstream, are those most heavily pumped. All are of the simplest construction. Excluding wells 463, 464, and 234, these wells penetrate the water-bearing zone from 4 to 6 feet only, yet they yield as much as 525 gallons a minute, or 1.2 second-feet. Well 234 comprises three driven wells 2 inches.in diameter with a penetration of about 15 feet, yet it yields rather freely. Wells 463 and 464 are deepest; they also have the greatest penetration 18 feet below the lowest static water level and yield 750 gallons a minute, or 1.7 second-feet. Nearly everywhere along these two reaches of the flood plain the younger alluvium is underlain by older alluvium, which also is water-bearing. (See descriptions of subareas 8, 9, 12, and 16.) Thus, wells of thorough construction penetrating the full thickness of the two alluvial deposits promise yields considerably greater than those from existing wells. Over these reaches of the flood plain, the yearly range in ground- water level is about 7 to 13% feet. Thus pumping plants on wells must accommodate a moderate variation in pumping: lift. Middle reach oj the Willamette River flood plain (subarea 3). Through the rock-bound narrows that extends from Albany to Salem, the younger alluvium is quite as pervious as in the reaches next up­ stream and downstream, just described. For example, wells 362 and 368 each yield about 1,000 gallons a minute, or 2.2 second-feet. Well 368 is 12 inches in diameter and penetrates water-bearing sand and gravel 19 feet in thickness; with respect to proportionate diameter and penetration, its yield is comparable to that of well 463, to the south. Well 373 likewise has a large capacity. This middle reach of the flood plain is treated as a distinct ground- water area only because the tongue of younger alluvium probably is not continuously underlain by the older alluvium and because at some places the younger tongue is doubtless thin and rests directly on slightly pervious bedrock, which is largely shale. Thus there is no assurance that a prospective well will encounter pervious beds of sufficient thickness to yield water copiously, especially when the SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 45 ground-water level is lowest. The location and extent of the places of scant yield cannot be determined from the data now available. Lebanon alluvial fan (subarea 4). Along the lower reaches of the North Santiam and South Santiam Rivers the alluvial deposits are similar in thickness and water-yielding capacity to the deposits of the Springfield "delta," previously described. They are similar also in the yearly range of ground-water level, which is from 4 to 9 feet. Wells 562 and 566 to 568 are those pumped most heavily. Northward from Lebanon, along the western edge of the younger alluvial tongue, the older alluvium that underlies the main valley plain also seems to be high in water-yielding capacity and in that respect can scarcely be discriminated. How far westward the older alluvium is so pervious remains unknown; somewhat arbitrarily, however, the limit is placed along Oak and First Periwinkle Creeks. Even though highly pervious, the older alluvium becomes thinner in the most westerly part of the subarea, in particular near the bedrock outlier that borders the subarea at Albany. There, extensive test drilling in wells 503 to 511 found the older alluvium from 28 to 47 feet thick and its water-bearing zone from 22 to 28 feet thick. From the results of this test drilling, the locality was judged unsuitable for a public-supply well field, because a source so shallow would not assure freedom from contamination. However, for irrigation and other uses not requiring water free from harmful bacteria, even that locality probably would sustain a moderate withdrawal of ground water. Canby fan (subarea 6). The younger and older alluvial deposits that have been grouped as the Canby fan doubtless contain pervious members of considerable water-yielding capacity, though little is known as to the extent and thickness of those members. The driller's records of wells 102 and 103, at Canby (table 12), shows the character of the older deposit. At that place it appears to be 281 feet thick and to a depth of 87 feet is composed largely of coarse gravel, but below that depth it is largely "clay" with a few water-bearing beds a foot or two in thickness. In water-yielding capacity the younger alluvial tongue is inferred to be similar to the corresponding tongue along the lower Willamette River. At some places the tongue is doubtless too thin to afford wells of large penetration. Younger alluvial plain of the Columbia Eivtr (subarea 7). Within the area that is shown on plate 1, the younger alluvial deposits of the Columbia River are composed largely of silt and rather fine sand. Shallow wells in this material encounter few beds that yield water freely, and in some wells the yield is barely adequate for individual household supplies. To satisfy the larger need for dairies and irriga­ tion, drilled wells have been sunk to beds of coarse sand and gravel between 85 and 235 feet beneath the flood plain. These deeper 46 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY,, OREG. pervious beds may belong to deposits older than the younger alluvium. Wells 1 to 3, 5 to 14, 16, 17, 34 and 35 are typical; of these, well 34 has the largest yield reported to be 750 gallons a minute, or 1.7 second-feet and is pumped about 8 hours a day throughout the summer. The deeper pervious beds lap out against bedrock so that some wells, such as 4 and 15, fail to develop an adequate supply of water within the alluvium. Eugene-Junction City and Coburg-Harrisburg segments of the main valley plain (subareas 8 and 9). In the southernmost part of the valley, for a width of 2 to 3 miles on either side of the Willamette River flood plain in Tps. 14 to 17 S., much of the older alluvium has a fairly high water-yielding capacity. The several fire-protection wells at Junction City and the deep well recently drilled there for public supply (Nos. 636 and 637, respectively) are among the most productive. Well 637 passed entirely through the older alluvium and entered bedrock of sandy shale between 200 and 233 feet beneath the land surface. It draws water from sand and fine gravel through a 10-foot section of perforated casing from 138 to 148 feet in depth; in this section of casing there are 300 perforations each % inch wide and 1% inches long. Although not gravel-walled artificially, the well has a reported specific capacity of about 10 gallons a minute for eack foot of draw-down. However, as is shown by the driller's record (table 12), it draws from only a small fraction of the total thickness of water-bearing beds and, owing to requirements of sanitation, not at all from the most pervious beds, which are at shallow depth. For irrigation, much larger yields probably could be obtained from wells of adequate construction drawing from all pervious beds. For permanence, heavily pumped wells tapping the finer pervious beds at depth should be adequately screened, possibly also artificially gravel- walled, and thoroughly developed to arrest-the movement of sand. Not all parts of the older plain in these two subareas of the valley are underlain by pervious beds with a water-yielding capacity equal to that at Junction City. For example, wells 655 and 656 are some­ what inadequate in yield for efficient irrigation, though they are not known to have reached the bottom of the older alluvium and so to have exhausted the possibility of finding beds of high-water-yielding- capacity. In general the ground-water productiveness of the two subareas probably diminishes somewhat gradually away from the Willamette River. The precise western and eastern limits of the highly productive area cannot be traced with the data now at hand; they must be felt out by further well construction and may deviate considerably from the tentative limits that have been arbitrarily defined and shown on plate 10. Elmira segment of the main valley plain (subarea 10). In the extreme southwestern part of the Willamette Valley, along the Long SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 47

Tom River in Tps. 15 to 17 S., R. 15 W., and eastward to a point about 2 miles beyond Fern Ridge, the upper part of the older alluvium is largely unassorted and contains much fine sand and silt. Accord­ ingly, shallow wells do not yield copiously. No records of deep wells are available to indicate the water-yielding capacity of the alluvium at depth, though the capacity is inferred to be small and very prob­ ably inadequate to sustain large irrigation wells. Brownsville-Albany segment of the main valley plain (subarea 11). Although bounded on all sides except, the eastern by subareas of large water-yielding capacity, the Brownsville-Albany segment of the older alluvial plain comprises areas that range widely in water-yielding capacity. However, the data now available do not permit close discrimination of those areas. In the central part of the segment, southward from the vicinity of Tangent to Halsey and thence east­ ward toward Brownsville, there are many dwellings and farms amply supplied with water from the older alluvium by driven or drilled wells less than 4 inches in diameter and from 20 to 70 feet deep. Wells 551 to 553, 584 to 586, 590, 605, 606, and 620 are typical. The older alluvium promises relatively large yields to adequately constructed wells of greater diameter and depth, though the yield would probably not be uniform over all parts of the segment. The yearly range of ground-water level is not excessive, about 15 feet at the most. There are few data to show the thickness of the alluvium, but the thickness diminishes greatly along the Calapooya River near Brownsville. In contrast with the area just described, in at least two extensive parts of the segment much of the older alluvium is rather tight and numerous wells are not wholly adequate for domestic and farm supplies. These parts are the triangle that extends eastward from Muddy and Dry Muddy Creeks to the foothills in the southern half of T. 14 S. and across all of T. 15 S. and an ill-defined belt 1^ to 5 miles wide along the east edge of the segment in Tps. 11 and 12 S. and the northern two-thirds of T. 13 S. Along the west edge of the segment in Tps. 11-14 S., from Albany southward about to Lake Creek, the older alluvium is inferred to be underlain at relatively shallow depth by a ridge of bedrock sliale whose highest parts rise slightly above the alluvial plain in scattered outliers. (See pi. 1.) Although the older alluvium there appears to be mod­ erately or highly pervious, it may prove too thin at some places to sustain large withdrawals of water, as at wells 466, 467, and 473 to 482, which are near the most northerly bedrock outlier, near Albany. Analogous conditions doubtless exist not only near the other outliers but possibly some distance from them as well. In this western part of the segment the yearly range in water level is large 21}£ feet at well 486 in 1935-36. 48 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY,, OREG.

Corvallis segment oj the main valley plain (subarea 12). Beneath that part of the main valley plain which lies west of the Willamette River near Corvallis, in Tps. 11-14 S., much of the older alluvium is judged to be moderately pervious, though at some places it is prob­ ably too thin for sustained large withdrawals. Most of the wells are less than 4 inches in diameter; they were driven or drilled to depths of 25 to 45 feet and are not heavily pumped. Wells 460 and 573 are the two of greatest known capacity in the area; they suggest the feasibility of constructing wells for moderately large yield. In this area the yearly range in water level is about as large as in any part of the Willamette Valley. In 1935-36 the range was 27 feet at well 459, 21 feet at well 540, and 17 feet at wells 574 and 575. In selecting pumps for wells in this area, therefore, special consideration should be given to this hydrologic feature. Monmouth-Independence segment and minor segments oj the main valley plain near Albany (subareas 13 and 14). Beneath the discon­ tinuous segments of the main valley plain that lie on both sides of the Williamette River in the narrows between Albany and Salem, the older alluvium is somewhat diverse in texture and in capacity to yield water. There much of the alluvium is quite unsorted and tight so that it yields water slowly, as at well 376 near Monmouth and well 441 near Albany. At Independence, on the other hand, well 372 encountered gravel that appears to have yielded water somewhat freely. Commonly in these areas the older alluvium is moderately thin and at no place nearly so pervious as the younger alluvium of the adjacent flood plain. Owing to the diverse conditions just de­ scribed, which are known only superficially from the data now avail­ able, it seems unlikely that these scattered areas will sustain large withdrawals of water from many wells. Stayton-Mill Creek basin (subarea 15). The older alluvial fan that extends westward from Stayton, in Tps. 8 and 9 S., Rs. 1 and 2 W., is composed largely of coarse gravel, which is saturated with water to within 15 feet of the land surface, or less. Some of the gravel pre­ sumably is well assorted and highly pervious. The thickness of the alluvial deposit is estimated to be about 100 feet. The existing wells are of the simplest construction and ordinarily not more than 25 feet deep; they do not afford a measure of the ultimate water-yielding capacity of the deposit. In general, however, conditions appear favorable for wells of moderate or large yield, if the wells are adequate in diameter, penetration, and type of construction. To the north, in the vicinity of Salem, ground-water conditions along Mill Creek and eastward to the Little Pudding River are rather well known from the records of existing wells. Along the western edge of the area, in Salem, the alluvium is relatively thin and yields no more than 100 gallons of water a minute to wells such as Nos. SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 49

331%, 331%, 340, and 341. A short distance to the east, wells 333 to 335 pass through water-bearing beds in the older alluvium but are tightly cased, probably into the underlying bedrock. Still farther east, several wells draw rather heavily from the older alluvium. Wells 297%, 338, 338%, 360, and 384 are representative; these have reported yields of 150 to 500 gallons a minute and reported specific capacities from 1.4 to 16.5 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. Driller's records (table 12) indicate that this wide range in specific capacity is due to beds of "cemented gravel," "hardpan," or "packed sand" of considerable aggregate thickness in certain wells. These beds, probably unassorted mixtures of pebbles and sand in an earthy or clayey matrix, would naturally have small capacity to transmit water. Probably, however, no one bed of this sort underlies all the area, and the water-bearing beds are interconnected to some extent Under such conditions wells of similar size and construction may differ considerably in specific capacity, but the area as a whole prob­ ably will sustain a considerable aggregate withdrawal of water. To the east, this northern part of the Stayton-Mill Creek basin abuts on an older terrane whose capacity to yield ground water seems in general to be very much less (see pp. 53-54). The eastward extent of the area of greater potential yield is not indicated by features exposed on the land surface and is not defined by the records of wells now available. The limit that has been set somewhat arbitrarily, the Little Pudding Kiver, may ultimately prove to be considerably in error. French Prairie (subarea 16). With respect to the occurrence and potential yield of ground water, French Prairie, the most extensive segment of the main valley plain north of Salem, is quite distinct from any other subarea of the lowland plains thus far treated. In general, two bodies of ground-water exist. The first is semiperched water that supplies numerous shallow farm wells from the fine-grained upper part of the unconsolidated deposit (p.31). It is yielded much too slowly to sustain any large continual draft, such as for irrigation. The second is water confined under head in beds of clean sand and gravel in the lower part of the deposit. It is now withdrawn in moderate volume for public and private supplies and for irrigation and would doubtless sustain a much greater withdrawal. In the central part of the area, at irrigation well 245 near Gervais, the confined water has been found in three previous zones that are thick and presumably extensive, also in several thin zones that may not be extensive. The driller's record (p. 138) shows the character and thickness of these zones; the physical properties of samples from the lowest zone are shown on page 31. Only one well in the area, No. 168, is deeper, and for it no complete driller's record is available. Briefly, the three principal pervious zones penetrated by well 245 are 50 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY,, OREG. at depths of 68 feet, 117 feet, and 218 feet below the land surface. The upper zone consists of a 13-foot bed of sand and fine gravel; the middle zone is a 45-foot bed of gravel and sand with a 3-foot interbed of pebbly clay; and the lower zone consists of 25}£ feet of gravel and sand with one thin clay interbed, cemented in part. The well was tightly cased through the upper zone and was reduced from 18 to 6 inches in diameter through the lower zone, so it draws most of its water from the middle pervious zone. From April to August 1931 the well was pumped about 525 hours, its yield ranged between 875 and 940 gallons a minute, or 1.9 to 2.1 second-feet, and its greatest draw-down and pumping lift were about 49 feet and 69 feet, respec­ tively. The specific capacity of the well is moderate, about 18 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. The extent of these three water-bearing zones can be traced only approximately. The data available from wells suggest that all three zones tend to become thinner and finer-textured toward the north and west. Possibly the third or lowest zone extends the farthest in those directions. In altitude above sea level the first or upper zone in well 245 corresponds to the coarse gravel that supplies well 297%, about 9 miles to the southwest and just beyond the edge of French Prairie; to the uppermost pervious zone in well 247, two-thirds of a mile to the west, and in wells 261}£ to 263 at Woodburn, 3 miles to the northeast; and to the water-bearing zone at the bottom of well 169, about 7 miles to the northwest. Records of wells still farther north do not report pervious material at that altitude. Pervious strata about equal in altitude to the second or middle water-bearing zone are penetrated by all known wells of adequate depth as far eastward as wells 259 and 301, about 2 miles beyond the prairie, southward to well 299, and northward to well 164. Still farther north and west, corresponding pervious material apparently was not found in well 176 at Aurora, near the northeast corner of the prairie; in wells 159 and 160, just south of the Willamette River; nor in well 153, beyond the prairie to the west. Accordingly, this second zone seems to underlie all or nearly all the southern two-thirds of the prairie, locally to extend eastward somewhat -beyond the prairie, but to feather out toward the north and west near the Willamette River. Beyond the supposed feather edge, wells of adequate depth find water at still lower horizons that are equivalent, at least in part, to the lowest pervious zone of the well near Gervais. These remote wells include Nos. 176, 159, and 153, to which reference has just been made. The moderate specific capacity of the irrigation well near Gervais 18 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down indicates that the water is drawn from material which is moderately but not extremely pervious. As has been stated, most of the draft is from the second zone of confined water but, so far as can be judged from their textures, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WAMB-SUPF&Y PAPER 890 PLJkTK 8

38? =

380 E

1928 1929 1930 1935 1936 WATER-LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS IN 12 WELLS IN THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY AND AT TWO STATIONS ON THE WILLAMETTE RIVER, 1928-30 AND 1935-3*.

SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 51 all three water-bearing zones are about equally pervious at that place. To the extent that each zone tends to become thinner and finer- textured toward the north and west, its perviousness would tend to decrease somewhat in those directions and its total water-yielding capacity to diminish even more. As more wells are constructed to draw heavily from these zones, an appreciable decline in pressure head of the water will follow inevitably. As has been suggested, however, it is believed that the present yearly withdrawal can be increased very materially without diminishing the pressure head excessively, that is, without surpassing the safe yield. But the precise magnitude of the safe yield is not determinable from data now available. To assure long life, wells that draw heavily from the deeper pervious zones beneath French Prairie must be adequately screened and thoroughly developed. In these respects, well 245 near Gervais has proved somewhat deficient in construction. The casing in that well was perforated in place and no gravel was placed around the casing to form an artificial envelope. In service, a considerable amount of sand has been discharged with the water, and the beds above the water-bearing zone have subsided, even up to the land surface. Under such conditions, combined with continuous heavy draft, the overlying beds may cave suddenly and in such volume as to retard the move­ ment of water toward a well or even to destroy a well by crushing the casing. In future this hazard may be abated by determining the sizes of the grains in the water-bearing materials through sieve analyses of an adequate set of samples and choosing a well screen with ports or openings of suitable width. After a suitable screen has been placed, the newly' constructed well may be "rawhided" or otherwise developed. If the well is constructed by perforating the casing in place, which may produce openings too wide to restrain the sand properly, screened gravel of suitable size may be inserted around the casing during the development until a stable envelope of coarse grains is formed. In this type of construction, the gravel envelope commonly is extended above the water-bearing zone or even to the land surface, thereby forming a reservoir of highly pervious material to replace any sand that might otherwise be drawn through the perforated casing after the well is in use. Dayton Prairie and adjacent areas (subarea 17). Topographically and genetically, Dayton Prairie and the adjacent parts of the main lowland plain west and north of the Willamette River are strictly analogous to French Prairie, but in spite of common genesis the two areas are unlike in the relative extent of their principal water-bearing strata. In part, this difference is determined by the form of the common bedrock floor that underlies all the lowland plains. In general the bedrock is impervious shale and earthy sandstone. The older unconsolidated deposit, which forms the prairies and contains 52 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. the three water-bearing zones of the French Prairie area, rests on the impervious bedrock and along the margin of the main lowland plain, thins to a feather edge as it laps over the sloping bedrock surface. Thus, along that margin, there is a belt in which the water-bearing zones are cut off successively by overlap on the bedrock; obviously, the deepest pervious zone is cut off farthest from the margin of the plain. With respect to Dayton Prairie, which lies in an alcove extend­ ing deep into the foothills of the Coast Range, the belt of overlap appears to be rather wide at many places, except possibly in R. 3 W. (See pi. 7.) Of 42 drilled wells on Dayton Prairie for which adequate records are available, one-third passed through the unconsolidated deposit without finding sufficient water for individual household supplies. Of the remaining wells, 7 found water at about the same altitude above sea level as the upper or first zone of confined water beneath French Prairie. These occur northeast of McMinnville in sees. 1, 2, 11, and 12, T. 4 N., R. 4 W.; southwest of McMinnville in sees. 1 and 12, T. 4 N., R. 5 W.; and far to the east in sec. 8, T. 5 N., R. 3 W. At the altitude of the second zone 17 wells found water; these are widely scattered over all the Dayton Prairie area. None of these wells found the pervious zones in the unconsolidated deposit to be as thick or as pervious as in the area east of the Willamette River; only three wells 125, 194 (?), and 214 have specific capacities as large as 1 gallon a minute for 1 foot of draw-down. In general, it is inferred that the upper two zones of confined water which occur beneath French Prairie that is, east of the Willamette River extend discontinuously beneath the river flood plain and far into the Dayton Prairie area; also that there the zones thin markedly and finger out irregularly by gradation into nonpervious material and by overlap on the bedrock. Where these zones are thickest and of coarsest texture, wells of adequate construction might yield sufficient water for irrigation on a modest scale. However, no specific areas so productive of water can be delimited from data now available; if proved by future drilling, their extent must be felt out by cautious exploration. Only three wells of the Dayton Prairie area wells 139, 140, and 153 are known to have found water in the unconsolidated deposit at an altitude corresponding to that of the third zone beneath French Prairie. All three are less than a mile west of the Willamette River. Probably this deep pervious zone does not extend far westward beneath Dayton Prairie but wedges out by overlap on the bedrock in R.3W. The Dayton Prairie area includes the tongues of younger alluvium along the two forks of the Yambill River. Like the younger alluvium along the Willamette River, these tongues doubtless hold unconfined SUBDIVISIONS OF CENTRAL LOWLAND 53

ground water. To a considerable extent, however, they appear to be composed of material too fine or too poorly sorted to be extremely pervious, and so probably will yield water only moderately or slowly. Information now at hand does not indicate whether these tongues are so thick that wells can have sufficient penetration to yield adequate irrigation supplies. Tualatin Valley (subarea 18). So far as known to the writer, the unconsolidated deposits over most of the Tualatin Valley are of rela­ tively fine texture and of small or moderate water-yielding capacity. Along the Tualatin River and lower Gales Creek in the vicinity of Forest Grove, the younger alluvium contains coarse sand and gravel and might yield water rather freely. However, data from wells are not at hand to indicate either the water-yielding capacity or the thickness of the deposit. The deposit that underlies the main valley plain, like the corresponding deposit beneath French Prairie to the south, is fine and rather tight to a considerable depth below the land surface. Locally at least, the lower part of the deposit yields water, as in well 23 at Hillsboro. That well passed through water-bearing sand from 135 to 180 feet beneath the land surface and then entered impervious bedrock, largely soft shale. During construction, a driller's test indicated a yield of 75 gallons a minute with a draw-down of 35 feet; thus, the specific capacity was rather small, slightly more than 2 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. It is reported that another well has been sunk there through the same zone and, after thorough development, it yielded more copiously. It is pre­ sumed that the sand is stream-laid and therefore would tend to be coarser and more pervious toward the west. With adequately con­ structed wells it might yield water sufficient for irrigation. However, the deposit seems not to contain pervious beds beneath all the valley plain, for numerous farm wells, such as well 20, have been sunk far iiito the bedrock to obtain dependable supplies. Molalla pediment and related parts of the central lowland (subarea 19). Along the eastern edge of the central lowland from Salem northward to Canby there is a gently rolling belt between 4 and 9 miles wide that rises eastward from the main valley plain. Toward the north it includes a conspicuous alluvial slope, or pediment, whose highest part is at Molalla (p. 11). The northern half of this belt, if not all of it, is underlain by partly consolidated bedrock (p. 54), which is older than the main valley plain and to the west extends beneath that plain. The Molalla pediment is veneered with poorly assorted coarse sand and gravel that supplies numerous farm wells that were dug from 20 to 30 feet deep. However, this veneer is thin and is cut entirely through by many creek valleys and gullies, so that it would not sustain a continual large withdrawal of water. Beneath this veneer, the ma- 54 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

terial that underlies the pediment is largely "clay" and "shale" and includes only a few water-bearing beds. (See driller's records for wells 188 and 281, table 12.) These beds have small capacity to yield water. Wells 271, 281, and 282 yield only a small fraction of a gallon a minute for each foot of draw-down. Well 188, about 2 miles west of the edge of the pediment, passes through the feather edge of the deposit that forms the main valley plain and extends far down into material that is inferred to be partly consolidated bedrock. Even though the principal water-bearing bed in that well occurs in the over-lapping younger deposit, the specific capacity is only about 0.4 gallon a minute for each foot of draw-down. Material so slightly pervious as the water-bearing beds penetrated by these wells certainly will not sustain continual withdrawals of more than a few gallons or tens of gallons a minute from single wells. Accordingly they do not seem adequate for efficient irrigation wells. Conditions such as those just described may prevail in all the relatively high and rolling lowland terrane beyond the Molalla pedi­ ment to the south that is, from Butte Creek to the vicinity of Mount Angel and again from Silverton about to the Little Pudding River. In these areas, the old terrane, which is not highly productive of water, abuts against the French Prairie subarea on the west and the Mill Creek subarea on the south, both of which have relatively large capacity to yield water. The boundary between the older nonpro­ ductive deposit and the overlapping productive beds to the west and south cannot now be traced precisely but has been fixed somewhat arbitrarily (p. 42). It can be felt out by cautious further drilling. Portland "delta" (subarea 20). At the land surface, the area of the so-called Portland delta includes several distinct unconsolidated stream deposits of Quaternary age. At depth the area is underlain, at least in part, by semiconsolidated deposits of early Quaternary or latest Tertiary age, chiefly by the Troutdale formation of Hodge (p. 23). During the reconnaissance that forms the basis of this report, only cursory attention was given to the character, extent, and stratigraphic relations of these deposits; also, records were obtained from only a few typical wells (Nos. 26-33, 36-39, 55-60, and 62-67). Although these data indicate several distinct water-bearing zones, they are not adequate to discriminate the zones sharply with respect to depth beneath the land surface, lateral extent, and relative pressure head of the water. In reported yield, the typical wells range between 50 and 1,000 gallons a minute; in reported specific capacity, commonly from 10 to about 33 gallons a minute for each foot of draw-down. It is judged that the area will sustain a much greater aggregate withdrawal and will readily afford wells of capacities adequate for irrigation and for many industrial purposes. GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. 55

FLOWING WELLS Certain pervious beds in both the unconsolidated deposits and underlying consolidated rocks of the Willamette Valley contain water under sufficient pressure head to rise above the land surface and so to yield flowing wells. However, the known areas of artesian flow are few, small, and scattered; none yield copiously by artesian head alone. Further, some of the flowing wells in the consolidated rocks yield salt water. With one exception, the flowing wells known to yield water from the unconsolidated deposits are in the northern half of the lowland, between Salem and Canby, and on the flanks or floors of the larger stream trenches. These wells are Nos. 176,233, and 268; all three are inferred to draw water from deposits related to the older alluvium. All have small pressure heads at the land surface and so flow but slightly; however, it is not known whether the wells are so cased that none of the artesian head is dissipated by leakage into nonartesian aquifers. Corresponding areas of artesian flow doubtless extend only to a moderate height above the floors of the several stream trenches. Their extent along the trenches is suggested by the contours of pressure head for tightly cased deep wells (pi. 1). This head appears adequate to yield flowing wells over much of the Willamette River flood plain from the vicinity of Salem northward about to Newberg, in Tps. 4 to 6 S.; on the lower flanks and floor of the Pudding River and Butte Creek trenches downstream from the vicinity of Monitor, in Tps. 4 and 5 S.; and, possibly, in some other low areas such as the Lake Labish trench. The areas of artesian flow terminate northward as the pervious zones feather out (see p. 50) and southward as the pervious zones lap against older and tighter material (see p. 54). The one well in the southern half of the lowland known to flow from the older alluvium, No. 566, is near the apex of the Lebanon alluvial fan but low on the flank of a shallow drain. In that well the artesian flow is variable and commonly ceases in late summer when the pressure head is least. If the artesian head is the result of the water-bearing zone fingering into less pervious material, as seems probable, the po­ tential area of flow is not extensive. Wells that flow by artesian pressure from the consolidated rocks are scattered widely the full length of the Willamette Valley and derive water from numerous stratigraphic zones. Apparently there are numerous areas of artesian flow, but none are extensive and none of the wells flow very copiously. In and near Portland the west flank of the Willamette syncline and the southeastward-plunging anticline that underlies the Tualatin Valley together afford an artesian slope. The uppermost bedrock formation of that slope, the Yakima basalt, is the probable source of water for flowing wells 26, 51, and 74. How- 56 GROUND WATEB OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

ever, water-bearing zones in that formation are discontinuous and appear to have distinct pressure heads; also, the land surface on that formation has a relief of about 1,000 feet. Thus, flowing wells can be obtained only in small areas that are indeterminate in extent and location. For example, well 51 flows rather copiously, yet well 53 does not flow, although it is only half a mile to the east, and is 400 feet deeper and some 20 feet below the reported static water level of well 51. About 3}£ miles southeast of flowing well 74, at a point seemingly lower on the artesian slope and lower in altitude of land surface, another well No. 76 is considerably deeper and yet does not flow. However, neither well is tightly cased through shallow pervious zones, so that some pressure head may be dissipated in either well or both. West of these flowing wells are wells 18, 20, 44, and 45 which flow slightly from sedimentary rocks in the same artesian slope. These rocks are tentatively inferred to lie stratigraphically beneath the basalt, which has been breached by erosion along the axis of the plunging anticline. It seems unlikely that these rocks will yield flowing wells over an extensive part of the Tualatin Valley plain, for in general they contain only a few discontinuous pervious zones. (See p. 26.) Southwest of the Tualatin Valley, about 5 miles northeast of McMinnville, well 110 flows a trickle, presumably from sedimentary rocks below the Yakima basalt. This well yields "mineral water" from an unknown depth below the land surface. Its pressure lead is so small that similar flowing wells could be obtained only within a very narrow belt along the footslope of the bedrock hills. Still farther south, along and near the west edge of the central low­ land, beds of sandstone and sandy shale in the Eocene rocks yield or have yielded water under sufficient pressure head to flow at wells 287, 457, 577, 593, 597, and 610. In general, these rocks form an artesian slope that dips gently eastward beneath the central lowland. However, they are relatively impervious, and the pressure head of their water is not adequate for flowing wells high above the lowland plain; so large yields by artesian pressure are unlikely. Wells 287 and 610 are reported to have yielded salt water, well 610 from a depth of only 300 feet beneath the main lowland plain. Flowing well 564, near Lebanon, taps volcanic rock, possibly correlative to the Yakima basalt, very near the west margin of the lowland. Flowing well 713, at Eugene, finds its water in igneous rock associated with the Eugene formation, of Oligocene age. At neither place is the extent of the area of artesian flow known. CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF THE GROUND WATER Table 9 shows the chemical character of water samples from 35 wells in the Willamette Valley. Of these, 28 samples were taken from wells in the unweathered younger or older alluvium, 3 from wells CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF GROUND WATER 57 in the weathered terrace deposit, and 4 from wells that penetrate bed­ rock. Figure 3 shows graphically the results of analyses of the waters from 20 of the wells. These chemical analyses show the mineral content of the water, but they show little with respect to the sanitary quality. Thus, from the analyses the suitability of the waters for the common industrial or commercial uses and for irrigation can be determined, but not their suitability for human consumption. Waters that contain less than 500 parts per million of dissolved solids ordinarily are suitable for domestic purposes and for many industrial and commercial uses, except for the inconveniences that may be caused by their hardness. Most but not all waters that con­ tain more than 1,000 parts per million are likely to have a perceptible taste and to be unsatisfactory for ordinary uses owing to an excessive amount of some one or several constituents. According to these limits, all waters in the unconsolidated deposits of the Willamette Valley appear to be quite satisfactory for most ordinary uses; but certain waters from the consolidated rocks are unsatisfactory. (See p. 64.) With respect to ordinary uses, the chemical suitability of the ground waters of the Willamette Valley depends largely on the content oi calcium and magnesium, the constituents that cause essentially all the hardness of a water. A hard water, of course, requires more s oap to be used in laundering; it forms scale in steam boilers, hot-water tanks, and other receptacles; and it must be treated to render it suitable for some common industrial-chemical processes. Water with hardness less than 50 is commonly regarded as soft, and requires no treatment to condition it for many ordinary purposes.14 The limits of hardness below which the cost of treatment to soften a water is not justified are about as follows: 50 parts per million for the smaller laundries or other industries that use considerable soap, much less than 50 parts per million for the larger laundries and for dyeing and bleaching works; 100 parts per million for supply to small boilers and very much less for supply to large modern high-pressure boilers, to prevent the foimation of scale; and 200 parts per million or less for domestic uses. In the treatment of municipal supplies, the present tendency is to furnish water with a residual hardness of about 80 parts per million. So far as is shown by the analyses in table 9, the hardness of the water in unconsolidated deposits of the Willamette Valley is commonly between 50 and 150 parts per million, though in one sample (No. 690) the hardness was only 9.5 parts per million. Thus, water from these deposits need not be softened for many uses. On the other hand, the water in the consolidated sedimentary rocks is commonly very hard. 14 Much of this general discussion of the chemical character of water is adapted from Collins, W. D., and Howard, C. S., Chemical character of waters of Florida: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 596, pp. 181-186, 1928. Or GO

FIGUKE 3. Chemical character of waters from 20 wells in the Willamctte Valley. Numbers refer to wells described in the text. Source of water: Qyal, younger allu­ vium; Qoal, older alluvium and related material; Qt, terrace deposit; Tu, consolidated rocks of Tertiary age. CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF GROUND WATER 59

In irrigation, the chemical character of the water used is critical both with respect to the tolerance of the crop plant toward the concentration of salts in the root zone and with respect to maintenance of good tilth and suitable permeability in the soil. Other critical factors include the quantity of water applied to the land, rainfall, chemical and physical characteristics of the soil, and drainage. Scofield 15 has proposed limits for the concentration of certain constitu­ ents by which to judge whether the water is satisfactory for irrigation. These limits are shown by the following table:

TABLE 8. Approximate limits indicating the suitability of a water for irrigation

[Parts per million except as indicated]

Constituent Satisfactory water Unsatisfactory water

More than 2,000. Sulphate, SO4 . -- - ._. -.--.---.--..--. _ 192^. -______--___ _.__ 480. Chloride, Cl______. ______142 355. 50 ... .. 60.

i Percent sodium= , in which the three chemical constituents are expressed in equivalents in parts per million.

According to Scofield a water classified by these limits as satis­ factory for irrigation is unlikely to cause root-zone conditions in­ tolerable to ordinary crop plants or to impair seriously the physical condition of the soil. A water classified as unsatisfactory in one of the four constituents may prove intolerable to crop plants or may tend to render the soil impermeable and of such consistency that good tilth is difficult to maintain. A water whose concentration of sulphate or chloride is greater than the satisfactoiy limit but less than the unsatisfactory limit may be used successfully for irrigating tolerant plants if the soil is adequately drained and if the water is applied so copiously that the root zone is continually leached. By these limits, all water in the uncoiisolidated deposits of the Willamette Valley is highly satisfactory for irrigation and only certain waters from the consolidated rocks are unsatisfactory. If a water contains much more than 0.1 part per million of iron, the excess iron commonly separates out as a reddish-brown sludge when the water is allowed to stand; also, it may stain cooking utensils and fabrics that are laundered. For some industrial-chemical pro­ cesses, such as the manufacture of paper or rayon products, the upper limit of dissolved iron that can be tolerated in the water is even less than 0.1 part per million. Of the 31 samples of water from wells in the unconsolidated deposits of the Willamette Valley, only 13 con­ tained 0.1 part or less per million of dissolved iron; all these were from

» Scofield, C. S., South Coastal Basin investigation, quality of irrigation waters: California Dept. Public Works, Water Resources Div., Bull. 40, pp. 21-24, 1933. 408526 42 5 60 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 9. Chemical analyses of water from

Tem­ Date of pera­ No. Description sample ture

101 Canby, 2H miles northwest of; in the NWKSWJ4 sec. 30, T. 3 S., R. 1 E. Oct. 10,1928 52 Bored well 10 inches in diameter and 57 feet deep. Isaac A. Miley estate. Water from valley fill. 102 Canby, municipal supply; in the NWMSWJ4 sec. 33, T. 3 S., R. 1 E. do.. 53 Drilled well 8 inches in diameter and 107 feet deep (No. 1). Water from gravel (valley fill). 103 do 60 Drilled well 8 inches in diameter and 652 feet deep (No. 2). Water from "fine sand" (volcanic tuff?). 133 McMinnville, 3 miles east of; in the SWMSWM sec, 24, T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Oct. 15,1928 52 Bored well 12 inches in diameter and 41 feet deep. A J. Mott. Water from valley fill. Dayton, 3M miles southeast of; in the NWMSEJ4 sec. 26, T. 4 S., R. 3 W. Oct. 13,1928 52 Drilled well 6 inches in diameter and 40 feet deep. R. II. Wood. Water from sand and gravel (young alluvium) . 164 St. Paul, 1 mile east of; in the SWJ4NE}.| sec. 20, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Oct. 10,1928 52 Drilled well 6 inches in diameter and 147 feet deep. Wm. Gooding. Water from valley fill. 171 St. Paul, 4 miles southeast of; in the SEMSEJ4 sec. 34, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. . .do --- 53 Dug well 18 inches in diameter and 20 feet deep. Johnson School. Water from valley fill. 182 do . 54 Drilled well 8 inches in diameter and 130 feet deep. Water from valley fill. Known locally as "sulphur water." 203 Sheridan, 3H miles east of; in the NE^NEJi sec. 32, T. 5 S., R. 5 W. Oct. 15, 1928 52 Dug well 4 feet in diameter and 32 feet deep. Wm. Filler. Water from valley fill. 228 Gervais, 5 miles northwest of; in the SEJ^SWM sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 3 W. Oct. 10,1928 50 Dug well 2 feet in diameter and 29^4 feet deep. S. F. Parker. Water from valley fill. 247 Gervais, municipal supply; in the SWJ4NEJ4 sec. 26, T. 5 S., R. 2 W. Oct. 20,1928 56 Drilled well 10 inches in diameter and 140 feet deep (No. 2). Water from gravel and coarse sand (valley fill). 274 Molalla, 3}^ miles west of; in the NEJ4SWJ4 sec. 11, T. 5 S., R. 1 E. Oct. 10,1928 52 Dug well 4 feet in diameter and 27 feet deep. District school. Water from terrace deposit. 294 Salem, 6}^ miles northwest of; in the SEJ4SEJ4 sec. 28, T. 6 S., R. 3 W. Oct. 13,1928 52 Driven well 1J4 inches in diameter and 31 feet deep. J. J. Burton. Water from valley fill. 300 Gervais, 4}^ miles southeast of; in the S WJ^SEM sec. 13, T. 6 S., R. 2 W...... do ... 52 Dug well yyz feet in diameter and 21 feet deep. R. O. Dunn. Water from "quicksand" (valley fill). 963 Salem, Madison and 14th Streets; in the NWJ4NEJ4 sec. 23, T. 7 S., R. ... .-do ... 56 3 W. Drilled well 10 inches in diameter and 248}^ feet deep. Oregon Linen Mills, Inc. Water from basalt (?). 342 West Salem, municipal supply; in the NWJ^NEM sec. 28, T. 7 S., R. 3 .... _do - ... 54 W. Dug well 14 feet in diameter and 34 feet deep. Water from young alluvium. 350 Silverton, 5 miles southwest of; in the SEMSEJ4 sec. 12, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. do. 52 Dug well 47 feet deep. R. J. Janz. Water from gravel (old allu­ vium). 373 Independence, municipal supply; in the SEJ4NWJ4 sec. 28, T. 8 S., R. 4 -do - 54 W. Gang of three drilled wells 8 inches in diameter and about 45 feet deep. Mountain States Power Co., Albany, Oreg. Water from young alluvium. 465 Corvallis, 1 mile east of; in the SWKSEJ4 sec. 36, T. 11 S., R. 5 W...... do ... 52 Driven well 1J4 inches in diameter and 28 feet deep. East farm of Oregon State Agricultural Colleee. Water from old (?) alluvium. 490 Albany, 5% miles southwest of; in"the NWJ^SE^ sec. 33, T. 11 S., R. 4 Oct. 12,1928 54 W. Drilled well i inches in diameter and 295 feet deep. P. A. Good- win. Water from shale (bedrock of Tertiary age). 494- ..... do...... 498 Driven well 1J4 inches in diameter and 41 feet deep. Albany Floral Co. Water from gravel (old alluvium). 519 Lebanon, 5 miles northeast of; in the NW^NEJ^ sec. 24, T. 11 S., R. 2 W...... do 54 Drilled well 4 inches in diameter and 73 feet deep. Griggs School, district 4. Water from terrace deposit (?). 530 Corvallis, 1 mile south of; in the SE^SWM sec. 2, T. 12 S., R. 5 W...... do ... 54 Drilled well 3 inches in diameter and 32 feet deep. Shell Co. of Cali­ fornia. Water from gravel (old ? alluvium). CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF GROUND WATER 61 representative wells in the Willamette Valley [Margaret D. Foster, analyst]

Analyses (parts per million)

Total dis­ Cal­ Mag­ So­ Po­ Bicar­ Sul­ Chlo­ Ni­ Total Per­ solved Silica Iron ne­ tas­ hard­ cent cium sium dium bonate phate ride trate so­ No. solids (SiOs) (Fe)' (Ca) (Na) sium (HCOs) (Cl) (N03) ness as at 180° (Mg) (K) (S04) CaCO32 dium 3 C.

112 60 0.56 8.7 7.0 4.1 1.1 62 5.4 1.8 0.05 50 17.0 101

163 41 .19 24 11 7.4 1.8 132 5.0 4.0 2.4 105 14.9 102

326 45 .21 11 5.5 93 2.9 258 4.1 29 .96 50 80.4 103

197 21 .23 40 10 12 1.4 160 17 10 3.8 141 16.5 133

132 42 .37 15 8.0 7.2 1.3 88 5.5 2.6 5.3 70 19.8 145H

179 43 5.27 27 11 12 1.7 165 3.3 2.5 .10 113 20.1 164

173 28 .15 41 4.4 9.0 1.2 159 5.8 3.0 1.0 121 14.9 171

123 41 .50 17 6. 3 5.6 1.4 88 4.9 2.6 .45 68 17.0 182

188 39 .37 29 11 14 1.0 146 4.3 10 7.8 118 21.2 203

198 19 .46 17 6.1 26 6.0 57 12 26 43 68 48.7 228

204 48 1.17 25 18 15 1.7 193 2.9 3.5 1.1 136 20.3 247

104 41 .19 12 2.1 5.9 1.0 48 4.2 2.4 5.2 39 26.8 274

129 42 .15 16 10 3.5 .4 92 5.8 5.0 4.0 81 9.1 291

134 59 .23 12 5.9 6.7 1.0 63 4.2 5.8 4.2 54 22.6 300

146 46 .02 17 12 8.7 1.2 130 3.5 3.0 .0 92 18.2 333

156 57 .10 18 10 9.1 .7 109 5.3 5.5 2.8 86 19.4 342

114 34 2.13 11 4.5 7.6 .6 35 4.8 11 15 46 27.3 350

188 44 .12 24 15 13 1.3 145 8.2 12 3.6 122 19.7 373

113 41 .02 12 8.6 5.2 .7 80 3.5 3.2 2.3 65 15.7 465

4,967 15 1.03 324 62 1,450 14 100 1.9 2,956 .0 1,064 74.9 490

U9I- 116 38 .05 12 6.9 5.7 1.6 71 4.4 2.4 6.7 58 19.8 U98

150 25 .93 7.1 3.5 38 2.2 132 3.0 5.5 1.0 32 72.7 519

230 45 .04 34 14 22 1.6 182 2.7 28 .10 142 25.9 530

1 Includes iron precipitated at time of analysis. 2 Calculated. 3 After Scofleld; see explanation in text. 62 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 9. Chemical analyses of water from

Tem­ Date of pera­ No. Description sample ture

533 Corvallis, 2J^ miles south of; in the SE^SEM sec. 10, T. 12 S., R. 5 W. Oct. 12,1928 Drilled well 3 inches in diameter and 122 feet deep. Mrs. A. Sims. Water from shale (bedrock of Tertiary age). 551 Tangent, municipal supply; in the SW^NWJi sec. 7, T. 12 S., R. 3 W. Apr. 18,1929 Gang of five driven wells 1J£ inches in diameter and 45 feet deep. Water from gravel (old alluvium). 566 Lebanon, in the SWJ4SWJ4 sec. 11, T. 12 S., R. 2 W. Drilled well 6 Oct. 12,1928 inches in diameter and 115 feet deep. Mountain States Power Co. Water from gravel (old ? alluvium). £80 Shedd, 5 miles west of; in the SEJJNWJ4 sec. 5, T. 13 S., R. 4 W. Driven Oct. 10,1928 well 1)4 inches in diameter and 31 feet deep. Gustav Harm. Water from gravel (young alluvium). 595 Monroe, 4 miles north of; in the SW^SWJi sec. 3, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Oct. 12,1928 Driven well 1M inches in diameter and 34 feet deep. McFarland Church. Water from gravel (old alluvium). 606 Halsey, municipal supply; in the SEJ4NEJ4 sec. 1, T. 14 S., R. 4 W. Apr. 18,1929 Dug well 10 feet in diameter and 28 feet deep with two drilled wells 4 inches in diameter in bottom, plugged at total depth of 72 feet. Citi­ zens Light & Water Co. Water mainly from old alluvium (some saline water from bedrock probably passes the plug). 631 Harrisburg, municipal supply; in the NEJ4NEM sec. 16, T. 15 S., R. 4 Oct. 12,1928 W. Dug well 10 feet in diamter and 30 feet deep with six 3-inch drilled wells in bottom, total depth of 60 feet. H. F. Meersdorf. Water from old alluvium. 638 Junction City, municipal supply; in the SEJ4SWJ4 sec. 32, T. 15 S., R. 4 .....do.. ... W. Drilled well 4 inches in diameter and 189 feet deep. J. H. Miller & Sons. Water from old alluvium (?). 653 Coburg, Qi miles northwest of; in the NEJ4NEJ4 sec. 14, T. 16 S., R. 4 -do- W. Driven well IK inches in diameter and 16 feet deep. R. W. Har- rington. Water from young alluvium. 690 Junction City, 7 miles southewst of; in the NEJ4NWJ4 sec. 11, T. 17 S., -do_ R. 5 W. Dug well 3 feet in diameter and 22 feet deep. Karl Kruk. Water from decomposed gravel (terrace deposit). 695 Eugene, 6H miles northwest of; in the NWMSWJ4 sec. 8, T. 17 S., R. 4 Apr. 18,1929 W. Driven well 1J

Analyses (parts per million)

Total dis­ Cal­ Mag­ So­ Po­ Bicar­ Sul­ Chlo­ Ni­ Total Per­ solved Silica Iron ne­ tas­ hard­ cent solids (BiOj) (Fe) cium sium dium sium bonate phate ride trate ness as so­ No. at 180° (Ca) (Mg) (Na) (KJ (HC03) (S04) (01) (N03) CaCOa dium C.

18,102 19 0.86 4,630 22 2,025 18 20 3.5 11,381 0.0 11, 665 27.5 533

204 35 .08 31 18 14 1.1 193 2.1 13 3.8 151 17.4 551

98 36 .03' 12 5.1 6.3 1.4 74 3.5 2.0 .25 51 23.3 566

197 49 .09 26 15 7.0 2.2 134 4.7 9.0 16 126 12.5 580

220 52 .03 27 16 21 1.2 168 3.5 28 .73 133 26.2 595

502 45 .03 74 23 55 1.9 211 11 153 9.0 279 30.4 606

207 49 .18 24 16 7.0 1.8 110 10 22 10 126 12.2 631

168 40 .38 15 10 24 1.2 100 2.7 32 .05 78 40.6 638

56 26 .06 5.0 2.9 3.2 1.5 33 3.8 1.8 .20 24 26.7 653

26 8.8 .16 2.0 1.1 2.2 .5 5.0 3.4 2.2 4.0 9.5 36.3 690

109 51 .02 9.0 5.1 5.5 .4 58 2.8 2.2 2.7 43 22.3 695

128 43 .06 15 9.0 4.0 1.4 84 5.9 2.7 4.6 74 12.3 711 64 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. the southern half of the valley, between Salem and Eugene. All the samples of water from the unconsolidated materials in the northern half of the valley contained more than 0.1 part per million of iron; the greatest quantity, 5.27 parts per million, was from well 164, which is 7 miles northwest of Woodburn. The general data on wells in the vicinity of Portland indicate that several yield water containing an excessive quantity of iron; these include wells 29, 30, 47, 52, and 77. Other wells in the same area doubtless yield water with an iron content so large as to be troublesome for some uses. From most waters, the excess iron may be removed by simple aeration and filtra­ tion; some waters, however, must be treated with lime or certain other substances to assist in precipitating the excess iron. Reference has been made before to the salty to brackish water in the consolidated sedimentary rocks. The analyses of samples from wells 490 and 533 show that these waters are chemically unfit for many ordinary uses. The sample from well 606 doubtless represents a water of mixed origin nonsaline water from the older alluvium with a small admixture of saline water from the underlying sedimentary rock. Saline water is reported to have been struck in numerous other wells that are widely scattered in the region. These include wells 4, 5, and 15, which entered bedrock, presumably sedimentary rock of marine origin, beneath the flood-plain deposit of the Columbia River downstream from Portland; wells 112, 123 to 125, 142, 200, 218, and 287, in the basin of the South Yamhill River near McMinnville, in Tps. 4 to 6 S., Rs. 4 and 5 W.; wells 375, 391, 469, 533, and 537, along the west flank of the central lowland from Monmouth south­ ward to Corvallis and somewhat beyond, in Tps. 8 to 12 S., R. 4 W.; wells 490 and 610, on the lowland east of the Willamette River, in R. 4 W., Tps. 11 and 14 S., respectively; and well 641, along the east flank of the lowland in T. 15 S., R. 3 W. These general data suggest that wells much more than 100 feet deep at any place along the flank of the western foothills,, or wells in the western half of the central lowland that pass through the unconsolidated deposits and penetrate the sedimentary rocks more than a few tens of feet, may strike salty water unfit for most uses, certainly unfit for domestic supplies or for irrigation. GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG. 65

WELL RECORDS TABLE 10. Wells in the Willamette Valley for which records of ground-water level have been published in other water-supply papers 1

Number Number of Number Number of of well in well in other of well in well in other this re­ published Owner published Owner water-supply this re­ water-supply port papers port Papers

158...... 8H-4cl__..___ 553-.. . 16Q-9rl_____ J. H. Swatzka. 171...... 568 196 ...... 9E-13bl 590---.. . 17G-34nl___. 297---.-- 10Q-33rl_-__ Gideon E. Stolz. 636.- - 19F-32ml--_ Junction City. 318... . 680 20G-32g3 421...... 463...... periment Station.

i U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Papers 777, pp. 145-149, 1936; 817, pp. 256-259, 1937. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Oi Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on Location Owner or user com­ graphic sea Type 3 Depth « ameter DlS. 1 situa­ Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion' level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. S N., R. 1 'W. 1 1928 F Dr 9124 6 107 17 Gravel, cemented. 2 NEi.iNW1^ sec. 30 ...... 1931 F Dr 254 3 NE^SW1^ sec 30 1931 F Dr 170 105 5 Do. 4 SEVfNW1^ sec 31 1931 F 20 Dr »387 380± "Eock." 5 NW^SW^i sec. 31...... 1927 F Dr 183 6 140 5 Sand. 6 NW^'SE^ sec. 34. ______F Dr 228 228 Gravel. 7 NEMNWMsec. 35 ... F 25 Dr 200 200 Do. T. & N., R. 1 W. 8 SE^SWJisec. 6 _ 1926 F 25 Dr 173 Sand. 9 NE^SEi|sec. 9 ...... 1926 F Dr 132 120 12 Gravel. 10 1928 F Dr 106 102 6 Do. 11 SE^SWMsec. 11 _.._... 1930 F Dr 245 235 10 Do. 12 NWJ^NW^ sec. 16__..._ 1928 F 25 Dr 131 128 3 Do. 13 NE^NWi^sec. 17_____-_ 1928 F 50 Dr 101 6 101 Do. 14 SW^NEK sec. 21...... 1926 F 20 Dr 90 85 5 Do. 15 SWJ£SEi£ sec. 21...... F 25 Dr 220 "Rock." 16 SW^NW^ sec 23 Hall---. - 1930 F Dr 264 Gravel. 17 NWMSWM sec. 27 1926 F Dr 192 180 12 Do. T.1N.,R.S W. 18 NEMNEJ^sec. 5- . V 200 Dr 700 Shale. 19 -....do. ..-______-.--.- 1937 V 200 Dr 500± 6 Do. 20 SW^NWJ^ sec 8 V 195 Dr 965 910 Basalt. 21 NWJ4NWJ4 sec 12 1937 V 195 Dr 101 6 96 Sandstone (?). 22 SE^SW^ sec. 32...... 1929 V 180 Dr 9 17VA 10-8 141 5 Gravel. 23 SEJ^SEMsec. 36 .- Eay-Maling Co., Inc. -----__---__ __ - 1929 V 175 Dr 1,619 24 135 45 Sand. T. 1 N., R. S W. Q 24 NE^sec. 15... ------1930 T 230 Dr 175 120 3 Sandy shale. 25 SEkNE^sec. 34 ______Oreeon Nurserv Co_._ ____-___.-- __-_. V 205 Dr 1,200 40± TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 9 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) 1 or 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date s (feet) a min­ (feet) i land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

1 116 Reported to flow 1 gallon a minute. 2 N Bottomed on bedrock. Brackish water and some gas; well abandoned. 3 P D,S 4 N Concentrated salt water; well abandoned. 5 N Do. 6 S 7 8 L D 9 P 10 11 P Water reported of inferior quality. 12 P 13 14 P 15 Bedrock from 133 to 220 feet; small yield of brackish water. 16 17 P 18 N Reported to flow. 19 N Yamhill Farms, tract 112. Yield insufficient for stock; abandoned. 20 Flowing well. Clay and shale to 910 feet, basalt 910 feet to bottom. 21 99 D,S "is Yamhill Farms, unit 54. Perforated casing, open bottom. Bailed 200 gallons in 10 minutes; draw­ down, 27 feet. 22 176M D,I .....do...... 1025 Aug. 1929-...... Lower 50 feet of casing perforated. 23 Yield, 75 gallons a minute with draw-down of 35 feet when 180 feet deep. No water-bearing strata below. 24 8 25 N Bottoms on "very hard rock" (basalt?). No water­ bearing strata below 50 feet. See footnotes at end of table. Oi -4 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 01 00 Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Types Depth < ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion ! level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 1 N., R. 1 E. 26 NW^SWJisec. 33...... _ V? 180 Dr Bedrock. 27 SE^NWJ^ sec. 34 1914 F 40 Dr 6552 10 478 Basalt. 28 NE14SE1-4 sec. 34 ...... 1927 F 50 Dr 145 8 112 33 Sand and gravel. 29 NWMSEk' sec. 34______F 40 Dr 61 50 11 Gravel. 30 SW^SWJ^sec. 34...... F 70 Dr 149 130 19 Gravel and sand. 31 SEMSEJ-fsec. 34_...... F 40 Dr »263 12-10 54 3 Sand and gravel.9 32 NWMNE^sec. 35__.___ 1931 F 50 Dr 9 501 12-10 145 30 Fine sand. 33 SEMNEJ4 sec. 36. _...... 1885? T 210 Dr 9 1,700 8-5 Terrace deposit (?). T. 1 N., R. 8 E. 34 NW^NEi4sec.8_-..__._ 1929 F 20 Dr 135 12 110+ Sand and gravel. 35 NEMSWJi sec. 35. __..__ 1924 F 20 Dr 110 6 103 7 Gravel. 36 SEV£NEJ4 sec. 34 _..._.. T 300 Dr 300+ 8 Terrace deposit (?). 37 SEJ4NWM sec. 35_.__.______do_ _._.______.__.___._...... _.__.__- T 300 Dr 350 8 200 75 Gravel and sand. T. 1 N., R.3E 38 SW^SW^sec. 34...... E. W. Aylsworth. ______1927 T 330 Dr 124 6 Terrace deposit. 39 SEMSWMsec. 36.______1929 T 205 Dr 65 8-6 40 20 Gravel. T. 1 S., R. 3 W. 40 NEJ^NE^sec 1 V 175 Dg 40 240 Valley fill. T. IS., R..&W. 41 NEJ^NEMsec. 14...... _ T 230 Dr 68 6 60 8 Sand. f 25 81 Sand and silt. 42 SEMSWJOec. 28-_....._ 1937 V 160 Dr 400 6 I 302 33 Sandy red "clay." 43 NEl4NWki: sec. 33...... do...... --.--- 1937 V 175 Dr 345 6 f 90 1 Sandstone. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

26 N Unconfirmed reports of two artesian wells, one with static level initially 76 feet above land surface. 27 393 In 1060 Reported yield, 501 gallons a minute; draw-down, 14 feet. 28 125 In 1063 Strainer 6 inches in diameter and 20 feet long. Tested capacity reported, 118 gallons a minute with draw­ down of 36 feet; 80 gallons a minute with draw-down of 20 feet. 29 L 65 In i"52 Unfit for making ice owing to iron content. 30 T 500 "28 Draw-down reported, 52 feet after pumping continu­ ously for 2 weeks. 31 263 T 50 In Other water-bearing beds at 25-26, 110-130, and 150-170 feet. Ultimate capacity reported, about 65 gallons a minute. 32 T 350 I i°30 1931...... Tested capacity reported, 600 gallons a minute with draw-down of 18 feet. Draft, about 4,000,000 gallons a month in summer. 33 N do 10 340± So-called Ladd well, drilled for flowing water. Long abandoned. 34 T 750 I .....do.-.-...... 1020 Waters 140 acres of grass. Operated about 8 hours a day for 4 months each summer. 35 106^ N N Yield inadequate for stock watering and domestic purposes. 36 L 90 I Draw-down reported, 20 to 30 feet. 37 L 75± I Land surface ______...... 10190 Draw-down reported, 18 feet. 38 124 L 10 D,I 39 50 L 50 D 1035 40 150 In Former railroad supply at Hillsboro. 41 L D 42 369 D,S 1022 August 1937 __ . Yamhill Farms, unit 83. Tested capacity reported, 2.7 gallons a minute with draw-down of 210 feet. 43 317 D,S . ....do...... 10 5 .....do...... Yamhill Farms, unit 84. Yield reported, 3.4 gallons a minute with draw-down of 212 feet. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Height Principal water-bearing bed No. Topo­ Di­ Year graphic above on Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth ' ameter pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth Thick­ or 2 tion i (feet) to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 1 S., R. 2 W. Con. 44 SWJ^NW^ sec 33 1937 V 150 Dr 9375 6 233 112 "Clay." 45 NWJ^SWJ^ sec 33 .....do.. - 1937 V 150 Dr 310 6 275 30 Sandy "clay." T. 1 S., R. 1 W. 46 J C. Beik V 210 Dr 300 200 47 SEMNEJ^sec. 13...... 1930 H 260 Dr 6 48 NWJi sec 15 V 190 Dr 397 6 Bedrock. 49 SWJiSEJisec. 21 _ 1925 T 300 Dr 124 6 111 Thin Sand streak. 50 do 1925 H 340 Dr 148 6 102 25 "Sand." 51 NWJ4NWJ4 sec 24 Portland Golf Club- - - V 205 Dr 400 8 300 100 Decomposed basalt. 52 SEJiNWJi sec. 24 Aaron Frank_ ___ ------_ ----- 1938" H 225 Dr 521 8 450± 70 Zones in basalt. 53 . do - do _ H 210 Dr 9 800 8 640 5 Sand and grit. 54 NEMNEJi sec. 28...... 1923 T 285 Dr 310 6 150 Decomposed basalt (?). T. 1 S., R. 1 E. 55 NEJ4NWJ4sec. 1...... 1928 V? 155 Dr 190 13 14 176 Gravel. 56 ... do do--- 1920 V? 155 Dr 190 6 Do. 57 SWJ^NW}^ sec 2 1924 F 50 Dr 504 12-10 170 33 Gravel and sand. 58 NEJ4NEHsec. 3 _.. 1928 F 50 Dr »265 12 240 25 Sand. 59 ... do . . do 1912? F 50 Dr 235 8 60 SE^iSWJisec. 3 __.. . F 20 Dr 419 12-8 135 225 Gravel. 61 SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 8 .... A. E. Otis...... 1929 H 650 Dr 502 500± Basalt. »330 / 215 25 62 SEJiNEJisec.il Libby, McNeill & Llbby. __ . . 1929 F 75 Dr 12-10 X 280 40 | Gravel. TABLE 11. Records of weils in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pacity Above above Eemarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture low lor 2 cased Type 5 sea (+)) lons (°F.) Description level meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ^ land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

44 353 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 85. Yield reported, 0.4 gallon a minute by artesian flow; 20 gallons a minute with draw-down of 180 feet. 45 310 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 86. Yield reported, 0.6 gallon a minute by artesian flow; 10J^ gallons a minute with 169-foot draw-down. 46 47 I 260 0.0 14.79 May 25, 1938. ... 48 PI In 49 38 L D 50 28 L D Tested capacity reported, 3 gallons a minute. 51 A 450 I Land surface 10+25 Reported to flow 150 gallons a minute by artesian pressure when freshly cleaned. Pumped constantly about 2 months each summer; draw-down, about 70 feet. 52 T 500 I --.-.do---. . . 10 30 Well 1. Draw-down reported, 37 feet. Unsatisfactory for domestic use owing to iron content. 53 N N -..do .. . Well 2. Tested capacity, 110 gallons a minute with draw-down of 101 feet. 54 233 L D do _- . 10 2 July 23, 1929 - Ultimate capacity reported, 4 gallons a minute. 55 T 1,000 In 52 Reported to have been pumped steadily for 2 weeks at 1,000 gallons a minute. 56 T 350 In 57 504 T 350 In 1037 58 241 T 700 In 55 .do.-- _.__ 10 14. 5 Junel, 1928.. Tested capacity reported, 835 gallons a minute; draw­ down, 24 feet, pumping 640 gallons a minute for several days. Slotted screen 30 feet long. 59 350 In 54 60 360 In Casing perforated from 143 to 360 feet. "Solid rock" (basalt?) 360 to 419 feet. 61 T D,I 0350 "Solid rock" (basalt) 40 to 502 feet. 62 330 T 800 In 1054 . __ do . 1020 Casing perforated 215 to 210 and 280 to 320 feet. Tested capacity reported, 800 gallons a minute with draw­ down of 50 feet. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued to Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Location Owner or user situa­ sea Types Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i (feet) to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 1 S., R. 1 E. Con. 63 SEJ^sec. 11...... F 60 Dg 40 240 Young alluvium. 64 SE^NE^sec. 36-______1927 F 100 Dr 72 6 67 5 Sand and gravel. T. 1 8., R. 3 E. 65 NEMNWJi sec. 8_. ... H 356 Dr 9300 100 20 Gravel. H 348 f 82 10 66 .... .do____- do...... Dr 120 \ 104 120 } Do. 67 NEMNW^ sec. 10_ 1929 T 335 Dr 101 8 96 5 Do. T. % 8., R. 1 W. 68 NEMNEM sec. 2_. -.-. H 190 Dr 660 69 NWMSWMsec. 2___.____ 1922 H 210 Dr 260 6 252 8 Black sand. 70 SWMSE^sec. 9 1929 H 360 Dr 240 6 237 3 Sandy zone in basalt. 71 NWMNEMsec. 13. - F 160 Dr 640 6-3 630 Sand. 72 SE^SW^sec. 15_ F 150 Dr 620 6 620 Do. 73 SEMNWM sec. 32______Dr 275 8 245 30 Porous basalt or scoria. T. % 8., R. 1 E. 74 NEMNEMsec. 8...... _ F 122 Dr 190 10 178 12 Vesicular basalt. SWMNWMsec. 12______1928 V? 175 f 65 5 Coarse sand. 75 Dr 9 154 8 i 85 8 Sandstone. 76 NWMSWM sec. 13-- F 110 Dr 500 12 357 21 Basaltic scoria. T. % 8., R. 2 E. 77 NWMNEMsec. 9 __ 1927 F 110 Dr 980 6 52 20 Sand. 78 NWMSEMsec.il F. T. Williams 1927 F 140 Dr 9185 6 133 16 Sand, some gravel. 79 NWMSEMsec. 15. . l\^rs Beebe 1929 H 200 Dr 9 241 6-4 238 3 Sand. T. 3 8., R. 6 W. 80 NEMNEMsec. 25-- 1937 H 200 Dr 95 6 Sandy shale. 81 SEMNEMsec. 25 ... .do ...... 1937 T 175 Dr 70 6 70 Do. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Tem­ Above Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which Use of Remarks well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above pis. (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type« lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) 7 land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

63 200 In 1057 1021 At Brooklyn shop. Water forms scale in boilers; use discontinued. 64 67 L "125" D 65 T D,I Well 1. Casing plugged with cement from 120 to 300 feet, perforated 100 to 120 feet. Pumped alternately with well 66. 66 120 T 300 D,I i«63 Well 2. Casing perforated 85 to 105 feet. Draw-down reported, 20 feet. With well 65, draft reported was 1,886,000 cubic feet in 1934. 67 L 80 In 68 No water-bearing beds; well abandoned. 69 260 L 5 D i»65 70 13 L 10 D 71 630± L D 10 2 Gravel and boulders to 80 feet, dark "clay" go to 640 feet with sand seam at 630 feet. 72 L 15 D 73 130 L 70 P Sand 40 feet, "red tough clay" (weathered basalt?) 90 feet, gray rock (basalt?) 115 feet, "soft red honey­ combed rock" 30 feet. 74 40 T 350 P 10122 .0 .0 July 30, 1929..... Slight flow by artesian pressure, draw-down while pumping reported as 70 feet. 75 90 PI 50 D 76 38>i T 500 D "125 Penetrates only basalt below depth of 38M feet. Sec­ ondary water-bearing zones at depths of 112, 305, 335, log' 409-450, and 498 feet. 77 80 PI 10 S do- Tested capacity reported, 17 gallons a minute with draw-down of 21 feet. 78 164H PI 50 I Tested capacity reported, 85 gallons a minute with draw-down of about 8 feet. 79 241 L D, S Perforated 4-inch casing from depth of 207 to 241 feet. 80 47 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 1. Tested capacity reported, 30 gallons a minute. 81 54 D,S log February 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 3. Perforated casing. Tested capacity reported, 10 gallons a minute with draw­ down of 30 feet. See footnotes at end of table. CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Location Owner or nser situa­ sea Type a Depth < ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 3 S., R, 4 W. 82 SWMSWJOec. 5 - 1937 V 180 Dr 121 6 27 7 Gravel. 83 do .. 1937 V 175 Dr 91 6 36 7 Do. 84 NWVSWJ4 sec 21 "1937" V 156.8 Dg 40 30 Valley fill. 85 SWl/NTWl/ SPP SO H 190 Dr 88 6 Shale. * * 3Q -....do ...... 1937 H 160 Dr 195 6 f 115 1 Do. 86 { 182 ' 87 SWJ^SEM sec. 32 V 157.6 Dg 27 42 Valley fill. 88 SEMNEM sec. 35 159 Dg 22 36 Do. T. 3 S., R. S W. 89 N~YV"^4iN"Ey<£ sec 11 R. S. Ferrell. - VI 218 Dg 36 36 Valley fill (?). 90 SEVSEV sec 24 V 172 Dg 21 48 Valley fill. 91 V 173 Dg 36 30 Do. T. 3 S., R. 2 W. 92 NEJ^SEMsec. 7 ..... T 237 Dg 30 36 Terrace deposit. 93 V 175 Dg 24 54 Valley fill. 94 SW^NE^sec. 27 1937 H 230 Dr 110 6 101 2 "Brocken rock" (basalt?). 95 SEMSEM sec. 27 ...... do ...... :...... 1937 H 235 Dr 140 6 96 19 "Loose rock" (basalt?). T. 3 S., R. 1 W. 96 NWMsec. 32?..- Scholtz . ... F 150 Dr 308 6 300 8 Decomposed "granite" (basalt?). 97 SEMNW^sec. 14 T 320 Dr 184 6 104 Basalt, basal contact. 98 F 94 Dg 14 30 Young alluvium. 99 V 200 Dr 183 6 183 Sand. 100 SWVNWJ4 sec 30 1933 V 158.5 Dr 145 6 Valley fill. 101 NWv SWi^ sec 30 V 157 B 57 10 Do. 102 jjwi/swi/ sec 33 1912 V 160 Dr 9 107 8-6 105 2 Gravel. 103 ---do--- . ------1921 V 160 Dr «652 8 524 97 Fine sand alternating with clay. 104 NEiXSEi^ sec. 34 ... .. A. L. Kleve V 163 De 40 36 Vallev fill. O TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

82 49 D, S log March 1937- . Yamhill Farms, unit 21. Perforated casing. Yield reported, 25 gallons a minute; draw-down, 24 feet. 83 52 D, S .-...do. .- ... 1032 do . Yamhill Farms, unit 20. Perforated casing. Yield reported, 15 gallons a minute. 84 40 L N 156. 82 .0 24.4 Sept. 25, 1928 85 48 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 2. Capacity reported, 5 gallons a minute. 86 32 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 4. Capacity reported, 5 gallons a minute. /Top of pump-house silL - _ "157.88 .3 19.4 Sept. 25, 1928 87 27 L D, S 157. 98 .7 20.36 88 22 L N 160 1.0 17.3 Sept. 25. 1928 89 L D, S Top edge of steel collar of curb _ . 219 .5 28.1 Sept. 26, 1928 - 90 L S 173 .6 16.5 91 36 L D, S Top of well deck, at bored hole. - 174 .7 25.6 Sept. 25, 1928 92 30 L S 238 .7 25.9 Sept. 26, 1928 93 L D, S Top of platform, through trap__ 176 .7 20.3 - do -. 94 83 D. S 1040 June 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 27. Capacity reported, 4 gallons a minute. 95 97 D, S ---do...-.--...... i»55 Mayl937__ Yamhill Farms, unit 28. Capacity reported, 5 gallons a minute. 96 300 D do 1040 Sand and gravel 56 feet, gritless red "clay" (tuff?) 244 feet, decomposed "granite" (basalt?) 8 feet. 97 30 D ..... do...... '"SO Capacity reported, about 1.2 gallons a minute. Slope wash 10 feet, basalt 94 feet, blue clay 80 feet. 98 N Top of steel casing -- _.. 94 .0 10.85 Sept. 27, 1928 99 183 S MO No bedrock. Water reported of inferior quality. 100 L D, S Plugged hole in pump base __ . 159.28 .4 i 53. 47 Sept. 28, 1936 101 L D 51.5 158 .4 149.3 Sept. 27, 1928__ . Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 102 107 L P 53 »45 City well 1. Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 103 530 L 65 P 60.5 do-. 052 City well 2. Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 104 40 B D. S Top of box curb... __ ___ ._ 165 2.1 39.55 Sept. 27. 1928.... See footnotes at end of table.

Ot TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued Oi Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Types Depth * pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 3 S., R. 2 E. 105 SWMSWMsec. 8--.- - E. R. Angells.. . ------T 410 Dr 323 6 315 8 Black sand. 106 do- - T 420 Dr 87 6 Crevices in basalt. 107 SW^sec. 9 (?) - T 375± Dr 7VA 6 72 y2 Coarse sand. 108 SWMSEMsec. 31 - T 435 Dr 335 6 335 Gravel. T. 3 S., R. 3 E. 109 SWMSWMsec. 23 - T 670 Dr »237 4 200 37 Sandy shale. T. 4 S., R. 4 W. 110 NWJCNWJ4 sec 1 H 160± Dr 111 SEJtfNEJOec. 2 1937 V 165 Dr 151 6 38 39 Sandy loam. 112 do _ . .do. .. ------..-_.- 1937 V 165 Dr 200 6 Shale. 113 do.. ___ do 1937 V 165 Dr 175 6 70 10 "Hardpan." 114 NEMSEMsec. 2. __--do_- -_- __ -- _ 1937 V 170 Dr 135 6 125 5 Hard shale. ( 110 115 . ....do.. ... do -- - - 1937 V 170 Dr 130 6 X 130 } Do. 116 . -do. --- _-- do-.----..-.------1937 V 170 Dr 100 6 82 Do. NEMSE^ sec. 4_ - f 120 Do. 117 - do 1937 V 155 Dr 338 6 X 240 Do. 118 NE^NE^soc. 10-. do 1937 V 155 Dr 9 212 6 78 2 Sand and gravel. 119 NEJ^SEJOec. 10 V 161 Dg 29 Valley fill. 120 SWJiNW^sec. 11 . 1937 V 155 Dr 103 6-4^ 102 1 Coarse sand and gravel. 121 ----.do.. ------_ .... 1937 V 155 Dr 90 6 122 SEJ£NEJ4 sec. 11 -do --_-.. ------1937 V 140 Dr 196 6-4^ 175± Shale. 123 NEMSEJisec.il------1937 200 f 55 23 Sandy silt. ----.do V 155 Dr 6 1 78 2 Coarse sand and gravel. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

105 L 3 D, S "Soapstone" 315 feet, black sand 8 feet. 106 L D, S Small yield. Soil 3 feet, cemented gravel 12 feet, basalt 72 feet. 107 72 108 Soil 4 feet, basalt 26 feet, white clay 42 feet, coarse sand H foot, clay at bottom. 108 ....-do W245 Soil 2 feet, hard blue clay 333 feet, gravel and boulders at bottom. 109 163 Capacity reported, 3 gallons a minute. 110 N Flowing well. 111 78 D, S ' Yamhill Farms, unit 48. Perforated casing. Capacity reported, 3 gallons a minute. 112 163 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 49. Capacity, about 2 gallons a minute. Water reported slightly salty. 113 86 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 50. Capacity, about 3 gallons a minute. 114 80 D, S "30 February 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 51. Yield reported, 5J^ gallons a minute with draw-down of 45 feet. 115 84 D, S . .do...... 1034 .. do ...... Yamhill Farms, unit 52. Yield reported, 5J-6 gallons a minute. 116 78 D,S __--_do______...... 1055 Maxch 1937 . Yamhill Farms, unit 53. Yield reported, 5 gallons a minute with draw-down of 19 feet. 117 N Yamhill Farms, unit 39. Yield very small, well des­ troyed. 118 134 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 68. Perforated casing. Yield reported, 9 gallons a minute. 119 L D 162 1.4 22.3 120 103 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 67. 4M-inch casing perforated. Tested yield reported, 200 gallons in 30 minutes. 121 83 D, S 1015 June 1937...... Yamhill Farms, unit 69. Yield reported, 13 gallons a minute with draw-down of 70 feet. 122 178 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 63. 123 102 D,S 10 12 Yamhill Farms, unit 60. Perforated casing. Yield reported, 11 gallons a minute; draw-down, 17 feet. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willameite Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00 Principal water-bearing, bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Con. 124 NWMSEMsec.'ll- - 1937 V 145 Dr 174 6 140 10 Shale with sandy streaks. 125 SEJ4SEJ4sec. 11 ___do 1937 V 155 Dr 125 6 75 7 Coarse sand and gravel. 126 NWJ^NEM sec. 12 O. B. Belieu.- V 170.1 Dg 27.7 48 Valley fill. 127 NW^SWJisec. 12 1937 V 150 Dr 105 6 98 Sandy clay. 128 SWMSWMsec. 12 do 1937 V 150 Dr 114 6 100 2 Coarse sand and gravel. 129 SE^SEJi sec. 12 . do 1937 p 120 Dr 181 6 Shale and sandstone. 130 NEJiNEMsec. 14 do 1937 V 150 Dr 125 6 122 3 Sand and gravel. 131 SWMNWJisec. 17 - V 168 Ds 35 30 Valley fill. 132 NEJiNEJisec. 22- V 152 Dg 35 42 Do. 133 SWMSWM sec. 24 A. J. Mott V 152 B 41 Do. 134 SEJ4SWJ4 sec. 24 L. E. King______... 1900? V 155.7 B 27 12 Do. 135 V 153 Dg 27 10 Do. 136 SW^SEJisec. 29_. _ W. J. Odell-. 1895? V 141.3 Dg 30.4 48 Do. 137 NEj|NWJ4 sec 3'1 V 146 Dg 22 42 Do. 138 SWMSEKsec. 36 1937 V 160 Dr 107 6 105 2 Gravel, some silt and sand. T. 4 S., R. 3 W. ' 139 SEJiSWMsec. 2 do 1937 V 152 Dr »183 6 179 1 Sand and fine gravel. 140 - do ____ 1937 V 155 Dr 162 6 Valley fill. 141 NEJ£NWJ£ sec. 7 _ V 165 Dg 29 36 Do. 142 SWJ^SWJisec. 7. .-.-.-. 1937 V 130 Dr 142 6 116 14 Sandy shale. 143 NEMNWJ£sec.ll. _ _.___do ...... _- V 140 Dr »196 6 192 1 "Porous rock." 144 NEMNTWJisec. 15...... V 150 Dg 29 36 Valley fill. 145 SWMSEi^ sec. 21 U. S. Resettlement Administration. . 1937 V 163 Dr 222 6 215 7 Sandstone. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Wiliamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water « ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) i land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

124 128 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 59. Yield reported, 3J^ gallons a minute. Water-bearing gravel from depths of 55 to 100 feet cased off. 125 119 D, S i»12 June 1937...... Yamhill Farms, unit 61. Bailed 375 gallons in 15 min­ utes with draw-down of 19 feet. 126 L D, S 170. 14 » 24. 02 Sept. 28, 1936.._. 127 79 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 64. Bottom filled with gravel to prevent caving. Yield reported, 3.3 gallons a minute. 128 112 D, S Yamhill Farms, unit 65. Perforated casing. 129 134 D, S i»35 March 1937. _ Yamhill Farms, unit 37. Yield reported, 4J^ gallons a minute. 130 118 D, S _____do______«25 June 1937.__. .... Yamhill Farms, unit 62. 131 35 B D, S 171 2.8 27.4 Sept. 25, 1928____ 132 L D 152 24.3 Aug. 12, 1929__._ 133 L D, S 52.5 152 .4 11 1U5.6 Sept. 25, 1928 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 134 157. 69 2.0 11 18. 92 Sept. 28, 1936.__ _ 135 L S Top of 2-inch plank platform . _ . 154 .9 19.5 Sept. 25, 1928 . 136 D, S 141. 88 .6 11 22. 36 Sept. 29, 1936.... 137 22 L D, S _____do______147 .5 16.9 Sept. 25, 1928 . 138 103 D, S 1012 Yamhill Farms, unit 57. Bailed 280 gallons in 12 min­ utes with draw-down of 33 feet. 139 175 D, S ._.. .do...... ">15 April 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 16. Bailed 8 gallons a minute for 2 hours with draw-down of 160 feet. 140 D, S ..do...... 1020 ..do. Yamhill Farms, unit 17. Bailed 500 gallons in 32 min­ utes with draw-down of about 70 feet. 141 N N 169 4.1 23.3 Sept. 25, 1928..-. 142 78 D, S 1025 March 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 38. Bailed 6}4 gallons a minute for 1 hour with draw-down of 105 feet. 143 191 D,S do . 107 May 1937-- Yamhill Farms, unit 19. Bailed 710 gallons in 40 minutes, with draw-down of 178 feet. 144 L D,S 150 .1 17.0 Sept. 25, 1928 145 209 D,S 1060± April 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 15. Tested yield reported, 30 gallons a minute. See footnotes at end of table. CO 00 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued o Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Depth * pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet1) (fee.) (feet)

T. 4 S., R. 3 TF.-Con. 145^ NWJiSEJ^sec. 26...... B. H. Wood.. . __ __ . _ F 80 Dr 40 6 Young alluvium (?). 146 SEViSWJisec. 26. .... do . .. - F 80 Dg 15 60 Sand and gravel. 147 NWJiNEM sec. 28_._____ W. E. Orabenhorst..- __ . _____ ... . V 162.7 22.9 40 Valley fill. 148 NWMNE^sec. 29__._.__ W. King .. _- V 158 BI 22 30 Do. 149 SW&SEiisec. 30 ____ V 155 B 25 Do. 150 NWMSE^sec. 31...... V 151 B 4 Do. 151 SEJ^JNTWl^ sec 32 V 150 Dg 28 60 Do. 152 SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 33 . V 160 Dg 42 42 Do. 153 SW^NE^sec. 33. ... V 163 Dr «270 4 262 8 Gravel. 154 NWJ43E&sec. SI...... _ D. F. DeTiere- __ __ . _ ..... V 160 Dg 28 60 Valley fill. 155 SWJ4SWM sec. 35_ ...... F 100 B 28 6 Young alluvium. T. 4 S., R. % W. 156 NE^NWJi sec. 2_____._. F 100 Dr 128 157 SE^SW^sec. 2 ______A. F. Quirl...... ----...... F 140 Dg 23 36 Young alluvium. 158 NEJiNWM sec. 4 _ F 123.6 Dg 23 30 Do. 159 NWMNWJi sec. 4, ______H. E. Evans______. ______.... 1923 F 130 Dr 196 6 190 6 Gravel. 160 NWJ^NWJisec. 9...... V 175 Dr 1763^ 6 176 y* Do. 160V£ do V 175 Dr 380 161 SE^NWJisec. 13. ______V 175.8 Dg 28.2 Valley fill. 162 SWJ^SWJi sec. 15...... V 168 Dg 26^ 48 26 Sand. 163 SW^SWMsec. 18 V 169 Dg 23 48 Valley fill. 164 SW^NE^sec. 20_.._ V 170 Dr 147 6 Do. (?). 165 NWJiSEM sec. 21. ______1913 V 169.9 Dg 28.6 Do. 166 SEJ^NEMsec. 23 1929 V 176 Dr 230 4 Sand. 167 NW^SE^sec. 24___ _ W. K. Deal V 174 Dg 24 42 Valley fill. 168 NWMSW^sec. 31 .... Theodore Boutin _____ ...... 1922 V 171 Dr 1,040 12-6 540 5 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or well is pacity water 6 Above above Remarks pis. (gal­ ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) i land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

145tf P 51.5 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 146 15 C 200 I 51.5 2.2 11.9 Sept. 25, 1928 Draw-down reported, 2 feet. 147 L D,S 163. 94 1.2 i 21. 17 148 22 B S 160 2.1 19.9 Sept. 25, 1928 . 149 P s 157 2.1 15.4 Aug. 12, 1929 150 P S Top of 4- by 12-inch pump sup­ 153 2.0 16.8 ... -_do. __._. _ port. 151 L s 150 .0 16.5 Aug. 13, 1929. . - 152 L N 161 1.0 36.8 153 262 L D Top of 4-inch casing (raise 164 .7 42.91 July 22, 1929. __. pump) . 154 L D 164 2.3 18.3 Aug. 13,1929.-. 155 N N 97 2.0 25.7 Aus?. 16, 1929 156 N No water-bearing strata; well destroyed. ( 22.2 Sept. 26, 1928 . 157 23 B D Top of corner post of box curb- 143 3.3 \ 20.4 July 5, 1929 f'118.8 Sept. 26, 1928 158 23 PI D,S 125. 37 1.8 \ 18.51 Sept. 28, 1936 159 196 L 10 ]2 160 175 ____-do- ...... i»40 Soil and clay 20 feet, very fine sand 156 feet, gravel y% fot>t, clay below. 160^ N Driller reports all clay to depth of 380 feet; no water­ bearing beds. 161 D 177. 76 2.0 11 19. 76 Sept. 28, 1936 . 162 WA L D,S 168 21.7 Sept. 26, 1928 163 23 L N .do.. _...... _ .. _ . __ . 170 .5 19.1 164 147 PI D,S ..52.0 171 .8 n 19. 1 do....- . Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 165 29 D 170. 72 .8 11 23. 46 Sept. 28, 1936 166 N 176 .5 36.2 Aug. 15, 1929- ___ 167 24 P N 174. 12 .0 19.3 Sept. 27, 1928 . 168 N N Petroleum test by Willamette Valley Oil & Gas Co. Only one water-bearing bed reported; chemical char­ acter of water unknown. See footnotes at end of table. 00 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00 to Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year Di­ on graphic above Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth < ameter Thick­ pis. 1 level (inches) Depth or 2 pleted tion i to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (fe.t)

T. 4 S., R. 2 W Con. 169 NWMSWJ4 sec. 31 . V 171.1 Dr 74 10 Valley fill. 170 NE^NWM sec. 32_____._ V 172 Dg 22^ 30 Do. 171 SE^SEM sec. 34 .__ V 172.9 Dg 20 18 Do. T. 4 S., R. 1 W. 172 NE^NWi^sec. 2...... 1904 V 186.7 B 25^ 10 25 Do. 173 SE^SW^sec. 5______. W. G. Hulbert- -__- -- V 180 22 36 Do. 174 NE^SE^sec. 9_._ ..... 1905 V 191.2 SS 25 84 Do. 175 NW^sec. 12?...... - 1928 V 175 Dr 125 6 117 8 Gravel. 176 NWKNEM sec. 13.__.___ F 100 Dr 198 8 190 8 Coarse sand and gravel. 177 SW^SW^sec. 13...... V 179 Dg 65± 96 Valley fill. 178 SW^SWJi sec. 21. ______V 173 B 16 8 Do. 179 SE^SW^sec. 27_.___._. V 182 Dr 138 4 135± Gravel. 180 SEJ^NE^sec. 33 ...... V 180 Dr 220 4 216 4 Do. 181 SWJ^SE^ sec. 33 ...... V 178 Dr 113 6 103 10 Do. 182 SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 34_ ..... 1918 V 180 Dr 130 8 Valley fill. 183 SE^NE^isec. 35,...... D. J. Yoder....- ___..- ..__-__-._..__ F 147 B 28 10 28 Young alluvium. T. 4 S., R. 1 E. 184 SWMSE^sec. 4._..__... 1928 V 176.3 Dg 56.2 Valley fill. 185 SE^NW^ sec. 5...... 1928 F 93 Dg 6 120 VA iji Young alluvium. 186 SE^SW^ sec. 9__. ....__ V 160 Dg 263^ 48-30 21 5 Gravel and coarse sand. 187 SW^NE^sec. 14_____._ T 219.1 Dg 20 48 Terrace deposit (?) . 188 NW^SWJ^ sec. 20...... J. C. M&rk...... 1931 V 171.6 Dr H04 12-8 54 11 Sand and gravel. 189 NEMSWJ^sec. 27_.._._. G. F. Pottratz...... ______._.___._ .__ T 208.8 Dg WA1 30 Terrace deposit (?). 190 NE^NEJi sec. 30. ____.. W. D. Fish...... -...._...... V 166.1 Dg 20 48 18 2 Fine sand. T. 4 S., R. 2 E. 191 NW&NWJi sec. 30....__ T 242.0 Dg 20 24 Terrace deposit (?). 192 SW34SWi^sec. 32...... Frank Case. ______T 307.3 Dg 49 24 Do. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamede Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal- sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type" Ions (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) t land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

[" 14. 05 July 3, 1929 -_ 169 PI D,S 171. 08 o.o \ 19. 48 Sept. 24, 1929 [ 20.07 Sept. 28, 1936 170 22M P N 172 .0 14.3 Sept. 26, 1928 fii 17. 9 do - 171 P D 53.0 174. 66 1.8 \ 18.41 Sept. 28, 1936 jchemical analysis of water in table 9. 172 L D 187. 44 .7 11 12. 0 Sept. 27, 1928 187. 69 .95 17.00 Sept. 26, 1936 . 173 L D,S 180 .0 15.6 Sept. 27, 1928 _ 174 L S 191. 21 1.0 11 16. 39 Sept. 28, 1936 175 125 1045 176 PI 30 P -do--- -- io+22 Soil and gravel 28 feet, blue clay 162 feet, coarse sand and gravel 8 feet. Shallow ground water cased off; static level reported, 8 feet below land surface. 177 43 L D,S 179 .0 34.1 Sept. 29, 1928 178 P S 173 .0 10.9 Sept. 27, 1928 179 L P 180 220 L In "40 Penetrates fine sand between 100 and 175 feet below land surface. 181 113 C 50 P do 10 13 182 L 150 P 53.5 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 183 28 L D 149 2.4 22. 7 Sept. 26, 1928 184 B D 177. 80 1.5 11 66. 52 Sept. 28, 1936 185 6 N 93 4.2 Sept. 27, 1928 186 26 L 12Ji D,S 160. 27 .3 20.3 Sept. 22, 1928 187 P N Top of concrete collar of curb- - 220. 33 1.2 16.0 188 404 T I 172. 38 .8 K>6 Dec. 28, 1931. _ . Secondary water-bearing beds (largely fine sand) at depths of 175-182, 249, 270-275, 290-295, and 305-320 feet; casing perforated opposite each. Yield, 31 to 35 gallons a minute with draw-down of 84 feet. 189 19J4 P D,S 211.43 2.6 18.3 Sept. 22, 1928 190 20 P D 166. 60 .5 17.9 -do-- 191 P D 245. 05 3.0 18.3 do 192 5 L D Top of brick curb.- - _ _ _ 307.8 .5 37.2 Sept. 21, 1928 00 See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00rf*. Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Types Depth < ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion ! level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

- T. B S., R. 5 W. 193 SWJ^NEMsec. 1-- - 1895 V 148.1 Dg 39 48 Valley fill. 194 NWHSEJOec. 12__ 1937 V 150 Dr 60 6 59 1 Coarse sand and gravel. 195 NEJ4NEJ4 sec. 13 V 155 Dg 27 Valley fill. 196 NWMNEM sec. 13 V 151.1 Dr 64 6J^ 64 Gravel and sand. 197 SW^SWJisec. 15...... David B. Kirby...... -. V 166.5 Dg 31 30 Valley fill (?). 198 NW^NEM sec. 26- V 173 Dg 35 36 Valley fill. 199 NW^NEJisec. 28 .. 1937 V 190 Dr 420 200 SWMNE^sec. 29 .do . - __ V 205 Dr 200 6 115 Bottom of "clay." 201 SW^SWMsec. 29-__ ...do...... V 200 Dr 60 6 45 5 Shale. 202 _do _ V 200 Dr 110 6 110 Do. 203 NEMNEMsec. 32 V 208.7 Dg 32 54 Valley fill. T. 5 S., R. 4 W. 204 SW^NWJi sec. 1...... V 164 Dg 20 30 Do. 205 SW^SWJi sec. 2______1937 V 160 Dr 105 6 102 Fine sand. 206 ..... do... 1937 V 160 Dr »115 6 113 2 Gravel and coarse sand. 207 NW^NEJisec. 4 - . do . 1937 V 145 Dr 80 6 79 1 Gravel. 208 SEMNEH sec. 8 ----- V 159 Dr 90± 10 209 do David Waddell...... -- __ --.-.-. V 158 Dg 32H 36 Valley fill. 210 NEMNEJi sec. 10 Glenn Petty . 1912 ? V 156.4 Dg 38.6 36 Do. 211 NW^NE^sec. 10_ . 1937 V 160 Dr 95 6 90 5 Gravel and sand. 212 SW^NW^sec. 10 .... _do I...... - 1937 V 155 Dr 78 6 76 2 Sand. 213 NWJ^NWM sec. 11 --.do...... __. _ __ 1937 V 160 Dr 108 6 101 7 Sand and fine gravel. 214 do ...... do.. .._ ------1937 V 160 Dr 105 6 95 1 Gravel. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pacity water 6 Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type 8 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

193 39 D,S 148. 43 0.3 11 22. 86 Sept. 28, 1936 194 60 D,S 10 10 April 1937. ------Yamhill Farms, unit 58. Yield reported, 18 gallons a minute. 195 B D,S 155 .5 22.4 Sept. 24, 1928 fii 20. 15 , -.do - ._ -- 196 PI D,S 151.59 .5 \ 23.09 Sept. 28, 1936 197 31 L N 167.0 .5 26.0 Sept. 24, 1928 _ 198 35 A D 173.46 .5 33.8 199 N Yamhill Farms, units 55-56. Bedrock at depth of 23 feet. No water, well abandoned. 200 130 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 12. Salt water at bottom; casing plugged at bottom. Yield of fresh water, about 1J/2 gallons a minute. 201 41 D,S n>23 January 1937__-_ Yamhill Farms, unit 13. Yield reported, 7 gallons a minute. 202 80 D,S -.-..do-- . .-...... i«14 do-- - fii 20. 2 Sept. 24, 1928--. 203 32 L D,S 52.0 209. 74 1.0 \ 25.47 Sept. 28, 1936 jchemical analysis of water in table 9. 204 20 L S 165 .5 17.3 Sept. 25, 1928 205 100 D,S 1015 Marchl937-- Yamhill Farms, unit 5. 206 113 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 6. Yield reported, 13 gallons a minute. 207 79 D,S 1037 August 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 75. Bailed 270 gallons in 21 min­ utes, draw-down 40 feet. 208 N 148 -11.0 20.5 Sept. 24, 1928 Well destroyed in October 1928. 209 L N 158 .0 23.3 210 PI D,S 158.62 2.2 11 27. 84 Sept. 28, 1936 211 96 D,S. Yamhill Farms, unit 8. 212 78 D,S 1020 February 1937- . Yamhill Farms, unit 23. Yield reported, 10 gallons a minute. 213 108 D,S .... .do...... 1020 April 1937...... Yamhill Farms, unit 9. Yield reported, 18 gallons a minute, draw-down 40 feet. 214 105 D,S .. do.- ...... 1012 Yamhill Farms, unit 10. Perforated casing. Bailed 30 gallons a minute for 35 minutes, draw-down 15 feet. See footnotes at end of table. 00 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00 Ci Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on graphic Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type * Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T.5S..R.4 W. Con. , 215 NE^NE^sec. 29______V 157 Dg 30 36 Valley fill. 216 SW^NE^sec. 32______1937 V 150 Dr 95 6 58 3 Sand. 217 NWMSEMsec. 32_..____ - do ______1937 V 150 Dr 125 6 65 6 Shale. 218 SEMSWk'sec. 32___.__-_ do 1937 T 180 Dr 125 6 Do. T. B S., R. 8 W. 219 NWJ4NWM sec. 3_ ...... V 165 Dg 24 48 Valley fill. 220 SWMNWJi sec 5 V 154 Dr 100+ 5 221 1937 V 154 Dr "310 6 80 5 Sand. 222 ..._._do _ _-____-_ 1937 V 156 Dr 90 6 60 5 Do. 223 SE^NE^ sec. 8 __ - V 156 Dg 30 60 Valley fill. 224 NWMNEJ^ sec. 9____ .... V 159 Dg 32 54 Do. 225 NWJ^SEJOec. 9. __ V 162.8 Dg 31.9 48 Do. 226 NE^SEM sec. 13 - __ .. 1904 V 176 Dr 132 4 Do. 227 NWKSWJ4 sec. 13 . V 175 Dr 200± 200± Sand and gravel. 228 SEMSW^ sec. 13 _ ___ S. F. Parker...... V 175.6 Dg 29 ft 36 Valley fill. 229 SWJ^SWJOec. 14...... F 109 B 31 10 Young alluvium. 230 SW^NEMsec. 15...... F 104 Dr 110 4 Do. 231 NWJ^NE^ sec. 16____._. V 163 Dr 106 4 102 4 Gravel. 232 SWJ^SW^ sec. 17--. __ V 157 Dg 30 42 Valley fill. 233 1935 F 100 Dr 135 6 Do. 234 NWMSWM sec. 23_____- F 100 Dn 18-22 2 Gravel. 235 NE^NE^sec. 32_._ _ . 1905? V 161.1 Dg 29.2 42 Valley fill. 236 SEUNWi4 sec. 33...... C. S. Williamson. _____ . __ ... V 165 Dg 46 48 Do. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Wiilamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Tem­ Above Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which Use of above Remarks pis. well is pacity water * ture Above low Gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

215 30 L D 160 2.8 18.6 Sept. 24, 1928 _ 216 53 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 40. Backfilled with gravel to depth of 56 feet. Yield reported. 6.8 gallons a minute. 217 57 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 41. Bedrock at depth of 35 feet. Yield reported, 3.8 gallons a minute. 218 40 D,S Yamhill Farms, unit 42. Salt water and gas at bottom, shut off by 15-foot clay plug at bottom of well. Yield of fresh water, about 1 gallon a minute. 219 L N Top of concrete collar on brick 165 .0 17.3 Aug. 13, 1929-- curb. 220 L D Top of 5-inch casing (raise 156 1 f 20.45 July 22. 1929 pump). 2.3 1 28.8 Aug. 12, 1929,... 221 295 D, S 1015 April 1937 Yamhill Farms, unit 24. Yield reported, 10 gallons a minute. 222 83 D, Q .do. _- io§ ..do ...... Yamhill Farms, unit 25. Yield reported, 5 gallons a minute, with draw-down of about 12_ feet. 223 L D 156 .0 21.5 Aue. 12, 1929- - 224 L D, S 160 1.2 22.2 Sept. 20, 1928 225 31.9 D 163. 53 .7 » 22. 13 Sept. 28, 1936-.. 226 132 L D, S Top of casine (beneath floor of 176 46.8 Aug. 13, 1929-- pump house). 227 L D, S (Top of box curb______177.4 1.8 11 27. 5 Sept. 20, 1928 j Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 228 29 B D 50 176. 40 .8 26.63 Sept. 28, 1936- ._ 229 L D 109 .0 26.9 Aug. 12, 1929... . 230 L D, B Top of 2-inch plank casine cap 104 .5 6.6 .--.do ...... 231 102 L D Top of 4-inch casing (raise 164 .8 13.41 July 22, 1929 . pump). 232 B D 161 3.5 28.4 Sept. 20, 1928 f .0 Dec. 18, 1935--.- 1 Flowed a trickle when drilled; water level has receded 233 P D 50 100 .0 1 .64 June29, 1938 / gradually. 234 22 C 100 I 107 September 1928 Three wells connected by joint suction to common pump; irrigate 4 acres. 235 29.2 L N 161. 63 .5 " 18. 71 Sept. 29, 1936..-. 46 169 4.4 42.05 Sept. 20. 1928 236 N N TOD of box curb _ ...... __ .. 00 See footnotes at end of table. -I TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00 GO

Height Principal water-bearing bed No. Topo­ Di­ on Year graphic above Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 level Depth or 2 pleted tion i (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 5 S., R. 2 W. 237 V 166 B 20 8 Valley fill. 238 SWJ^NE^ sec. 14... _ . V 180 Dr 112 4 Do. 239 NWJ^SEJ^ sec 14 H. E.Nibler ______.. __ _ _. V 182 Dg im 18 Do. 240 NEi^NEJ^ sec. 16. _. __ V 171 B 25 10 Do. 241 SW^SEJ^sec. 17 .... ___ V 180 B 23 4 Do. 242 NWJiSWJi sec. 18 V 176 Dg 26 4 Do. 213 SWJ^NEVt sec 20 1927 V 176.7 Dg 23.0 30 Do. 244 SEi^NWJisec. 21.... V 180 Dg 20 8 Do. fAgricultural Research Corporation (Sam »252 18-6 f 112 31 Gravel and sand. 245 NWMSWJi sec. 25 \ H. Brown). | 1930 V 180.3 Dr \ 218 25 Sand and gravel. 246 SEJ^NWJi sec. 26... __ V 183 Dg 19 36 Valley fill. 247 SWJ^NEJi sec. 26... _ 1928 V 183 Dr 8 140 10-8 122 18 Gravel and coarse sand. 248 _ .do ._ _ 1910 V 1 183 Dr 123 6 120± Gravel. 250 NWJiSEJi sec. 26... _ . 1907 V 181.0 Dg 18.5 54 Valley fill. 251 SWJiNEJOec. 31- V 173 B 24 8 Do. 252 SEJ4NWJ4 sec. 35... . V 180 Dr 139 8 120 Gravel. T. 5 S., R. 1 W. 253 SW^NE)4 sec. 6.. __ _ Mrs. S. D. J. Whitney...... ___ ... V 178 Dg 18H 54 Valley fill. 254 1929 V 181.2 Dg 17.7 30 Do. 255 SEJ£SWJ£ sec. 8 ... C. B. Bruno ... ._ . . . 1924 V 180 Dr 122 4 120 2 Coarse sand. 256 NEJi£NWJ£ sec. 9.___ _ . 1924 V 178 Dr »190 12 160 . 15 Gravel. 257 NEJiSWJisec. 9.. __ .. V 176 Dg 20 18 Valley fill. 258 NEJ^NWJ^ sec. 13.. B. F. Shrock __ . _ .... _ .. __ ... V 195.9 Dg 29 30 Do. 259 _-do- _ - . 1925? V 195.7 Dr 137 4 Do.(?) 260 NEJ^NWJ^ sec 13 1852 V 193.9 Dg 27 48 Do. 261 NWJi sec. 16?. West.. ____ ...... _____ ..... _ . ... V 180 Dr 117 6 110 7 Sand and gravel. f 60 70 261k NWMSWM sec. 17 . V 180 Dr 201 I 183 18 } Do. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Tern Above Ca­ pera- (or be­ (or on which Use of Remarks well is pacity water « ture Above low above pis. gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type« lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

237 P D 168 1.5 19.1 Sept. 26, 1928 . 238 L D .0 17.3 Aug. 15, 1929____ I 16.1 Sept. 26, 1928..-. 239 18 P D, S 184 2.4 \ 14.6 Aug. 15, 1929_._. 240 P S Top of 6- by 8-inch timber. _.__ 173 1.6 15.7 Aue. 13, 1929--. 241 P D 182 2.0 18.0 do _ 242 N N 176 .5 20.7 -do -.-- 243 23 D, S 177. 16 .5 "19.83 Sept. 28, 1936 _ 244 P D, S 180.5 1.2 16.4 Sept. 20, 1928_.__ 18-inch casing to 155 feet, 6-inch casing 150 to 252.3 feet; I11 16. 3 Mar. 31, 1930_._. perforated at depths of 117-147 and 215-245 feet. In 245 252 T 850 I 181. 31 1.0 { 15. 17 Mar. 30, 1936____ 1930. yield 875 to 940 gallons a minute, with draw­ I 23.53 Sept. 28, 1936___- down of 49 feet. 246 N N 184 .5 13.0 Sept. 20, 1928 1 ( 23.4 - do ______Oity well 2. 10-inch casing to 128 feet, 8-inch slotted 247 140 T 200 P 56 183 .5± casing 120 to 140 feet. Chemical analysis of water in \ 22.0 July 31, 1929_____ } table 9. 248 123 L 25 P City well 1. 250 D 181. 47 .5 " 13. 57 Sept. 28, 1936 _ 251 24 P D Top of concrete-tile casing __ 176 3.1 19.7 Sept. 19, 1928 - 252 T 150 I 10 18-21 Tested yield reported, 350 gallons a minute with draw­ down of 70 feet. 253 P D 178.61 .0 13.5 Sept. 26, 1928 . 254 P D 183. 95 2.8 11 14. 75 Sept. 28, 1936 255 122 L D, S mi6 256 180 L 200 D, In Casing perforated at depths of 116-124 and 161-180 feet. 257 L D, S Top of 4- by 4-inch pump sup­ 177 1.0 15.4 Sept. 26, 1928 , port. 258 N N 196. 42 .5 11 27. 9 .....do . . Used as sump for run-off from roof of dwelling; water levels not reliable during rainy season. fn 38. 7 Sept. 24, 1929 259 PI 5 D, S 196. 24 .5 \ 39. 62 Sept. 28, 1936 260 N N 193. 87 .0 25.91 _____ do ___ - 261 mi4 26114 T 500 In GO See footnotes at end of table. CD CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued o Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height Di­ No. Year graphic above on Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth < ameter pis. 1 tion1 (inches) Depth Thick- or 2 pleted level to top ness (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. B S., R. 1 W Con. 262 NEJ^NW^ sec. 18______1925 V 182 Dr 9186 12 167 14 Gravel and coarse sand. 263 NE^NWJi sec. 18___..__ V 182 Dr »175 12-6 164 11 Coarse gravel. 264 SW^NEJisec. 19...... V 186 B 19^2 7 Valley fill. 265 SWJ4SEK sec. 2L______V 170 Dr 100 4 97 3 Gravel. 266 SW^SEJi Sec. 25...... T 210.7 Dg 43 48 Valley fill (?). 267 SEJ4SEJ4 sec. 25 __ . do 1921 H 190 Dr 284 4 Do. 268 SE^SEM sec. 25..... _ . W. H. Coffin _ _ ... ._ _. F 175 Dr 220 4 190 30 Sand. 269 SEMNE& sec. 26_._ .... T? 200 Dr 54 4 40 14 Coarse gravel. 270 SEJ^SEJi sec. 28______V 182 Dr 92 4 Valley fill (?). T. B 8., R. 1 E. 271 NWJ^NEJi sec. 2.... ____ T 260 Dr 125 6 120 5 Gravel. 272 SEJ4SWM sec. 5. ______1928 V 187.4 Dr 40+ 4 Valley fill. 273 NWJ^NEJ^ sec. 8 ...... T? 194.7 Dg 19 60 Terrace deposit (?). 274 NEJ^SWJisec. 11-.. _ . 267.2 Dg 27 48 Do. 275 SWJ^NEJisec. 15... _ T 250± Dr 98 4 97 1 Gravel. 276 SWMSWM sec. 15_'._ ..__ WmYoAer...... T 245 Dr 335 4 312 5 Sand. 277 SW^SW^ sec. 21. ______S. C. Stetter-.. ... ____ .. ___ _ _ .. H 186.4 Dg 24 48 Valley fill (?). 278 SEJ-iSWJi sec. 24______H 250± Dr 90 6 Basalt. 279 SEJiSWM sec. 26._ __ S. R. Ray... ____ . _ ____._... ____ . H 226.0 Dg 20 48 Slope wash. T. B S., R. % E. ( 250 15 Sandstone. 280 SWJ^SWJi sec. 8... _____ 1927 T 340 Dr «295 6 \ 290 2 Do. 281 NEJ^NEJisec. 17...... City of Molalla----. ______1912 T 380 Dr 273 8 237 36 Seams in shale or earthy sand­ stone. 282 SEMSWM sec. 19.. ______Virgil Dart. . ______. ______H 300± Dr 220 Basalt (?). TABLE 11. Records of ivells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be- (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture iow lor 2 sea (+)) cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) land uring ute) surface point (feot) (feet)

262 186 T 600 P m 30 City well 3. Unperforated 12-inch casing to 167 feet, slotted casing 169 to 186 feet. In 48-hour test, reported to have yielded 650 gallons a minute with draw-down of 90 feet. 263 175 T 150 In Unperforated 12-inch casing to 127.2 feet, slotted liner casing from 126.8 to 142.8 feet, Unperforated 6-inch casing 136.1 to 176.2 feet. 264 19 P D 188 2.2 17.2 Sept. 26, 1928... . 265 100 D Tested yield reported, 25 gallons a minute for 6 hours. 266 L D,S 211.22 . 5 41.8 Sept. 21, 1928 267 C 100± P 268 D Deepest of several flowing wells in Monitor, yield about 15 gallons a minute by artesian pressure. Two other wells within 200 yards entered water-bearing sand at 114 and 128 feet. 269 L D 270 L D Top of 4-incli casing (raise 185 2.8 25.3 Sept. 21, 1928 . pump) . 271 125 D i»25 Tested capacity reported, 12 gallons a minute with 60- foot draw-down. 272 L D Top of 4-inch casing (raise 188. 08 .7 28. 15 Sept. 22, 1928..-. pump) . 273 19 PI D 196. 22 1.5 16.6 ...-do.....-.-. 274 L D 52.0 267. 93 .7 f 25.7 -do ----- jchemical analysis of water in table 9. 275' 1 26.5 Oct. 10,1928 98 L 10 D, S "53 276 222 L D, S . do . -__- . . 10 75 277 L D, S 186. 90 .5 21.9 Sept. 22, 1928 1 278 "12 279 P D 226. 95 1.0 15.4 do ----- 280 245 281 273 N N Water very hard; well abandoned. 282 0 Capacity reported, about 3 gallons a minute. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued CO fcO Principal .water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth 4 ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level Depth or 2 tion i (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T.6S., R.5W. 283 SEMNEM sec. 8_ __ I. O. O. F. Hall. _____ . ___ . ____ V 181.0 DBg 27 36 Valley fill. 284 SW&NWM sec. ll ~~ V 185.3 29 6 Do. 285 NWMNWMsec. 29- V? 197.5 Dg 40 48 Do. T. e s., R. 4 w. 286 NWJ^SWJi sec. 5...... V 165 Dg 32 28 Do. 287 NWM sec. 6? . H Dr 2,400 Bedrock. 288 SEMSWM sec. 16...... W. H. Allenbaugh.... . ___ ..... V 205 Dg 26 60 Valley fill. 289 SE^SWJ^ sec. 18.. _ ... I. J. White.... - ______.. ____ F 195 Dg 25 48 Young alluvium. T. 6 S., R. S W. 290 NWJ^SWJi sec. 2.... _ . F 115 Dn «i Do. 291 NE^SEJ^ sec. 11.. _ ... Robert Cole. ______. 1872 F 121.9 Dg 22.5 48 Do. 292 SEJ^SEM sec. 14..... __ J. W. LaFollette.. ______V 180 Dg 46 48 Valley fill. 293 SE^NWM sec. 23 Nick Valiech.. ______. ______... . V 181.0 Dg 75.3 36 Do. 294 SEJiSEMsec. 28 .. . Wm. Walek. . - . _____ .. . F 139 Dn 31 «* Young alluvium?. 295 NEJiSWM sec. 29...... 1905? V 172.9 Dg 41.6 60 Valley fill. 296 SWJiSEJi sec. 30 V 168 Erg 25 36 Do. 297 SEMSEM sec. 33__ _ Gideon E. Stolz ______. _ . F 133.3 57 8 47 10 Gravel and cobbles. 297ji NWMSE}£ sec. 36... _ . 1930 F 155 Dr 94 18 55 25 Old alluvium. T. 6 S., R. % W. 298 SE^SE^ sec. 4__...... E. W. Manning. _ .. __ . ______..... V 185 . Dg 22 48 20± Sand. 299 SWJ4SWM sec. 5 ...... 1922 V 178 Dr 123 8 114 9 Gravel. 300 SWMSEM sec. 13_...... R. O. Dunn..._ _ _ __ ...... ______V 189 Dg 21 8 20± Fine sand. 301 SEJ^SEKsec. 13.__ V 188 Dr 146 4 146 Gravel. 302 SE^NEMsec. 17_ ... 1921 V 179.1 Dg 21.4 24 Valley fill. 303 NE^SWJ^ sec. 17. V 180 Dg 16 36 Do. 304 NE^NE^sec. 22..--... W. R. Daugherty ______F 152 ^ Dg 20 36 Young alluvium. 305 NWMSEKsec. 24.. Nels C. Johnson. -... __ . . __ ...... _ 1885? V 201.2 Ds 20 Valley fill. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pacity Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture low lor 2 cased Type 5 Description sea Date 8 (feet) lons level meas- a min­ (feet) i land , uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

283 27 f B ^ D |Top of box curb-.-.--. ____ 184. 10 3.1 "20.2 Sept. 24, 1928 i PI J XTop of 2-inch plank deck __ _. 181. 94 1.0 18.07 Sept. 28, 1936 187. 18 1.9 H17.4 Sept. 21, 1928 284 12 P S ]Top of concrete-tile casing 186. 39 1.1 17.09 Sept. 28, 1936 285 42 N S Top of concrete deck, through 199. 03 1.5 17.8 Sept. 24, 1928 manhole. 286 32 L D 16,5 .5 24.8 ..do -- 287 N N Flowing well, salt water from considerable depth. No fresh water except at relatively shallow depth. 288 26 L N 206 .8 12.9 Sept. 24, 1928 289 25 L S 195 .3 19.6 290 L D i" 15 291 D, S 122. 76 .9 n 22. 79 Sept. 29, 1936 292 L D, S Top of plank pump support __ 182 2.1 44.3 Sept. 19, 1928___- 293 N N 181. 41 .4 11 73. 38 Sept. 29, 1936 294 31 P D 52 142 2.5 26.4 Sept. 19,1928 . Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 295 D 174. 08 1.2 n 30. 93 296 P D --- .do- .. -...... 168 .5 16.4 Sept. 20, 1928. .. fit 10. 30 July 3, 1929...... 297 57 fN N 119.56 -13.7 XL _-D X 14. 09 Sept. 24, 1929-... [Top of timber pump support-­ 134. 14 1.0 28.36 Sept. 29, 1936 .-_ 298 2 90 T P, I 38.6 Nov. 22, 1930 . Yield, 500 gallons a minute with draw-down of 30 feet. 22 P D, S 186 1.0 15.9 Sept. 21, 1928 299 123 L I Land surface __ _ ..... 107 Irrigates 5 acres. Small yield of water 35 to 40 feet in depth, clay 40 to 114 feet. 300 L D 52 191 1.6 15.6 Sept. 21, 1928.... Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Backfilled around tile casing. 301 L D Top of 4-inch casing (raise 189 .5 43.2 .-...do--...-..- pump). 302 21.-4 D Top of concrete-tile casing. 178. 84 -.3 » 15. 82 Sept. 28, 1936 . 303 N N 180 .0 n 13. 6 Sept. 21, 1928 Several adjacent wells tap gravel at depth of 80 feet. 304 20 P D, S 154 2.0 15.65 Sept. 29, 1928 305 L S Top of board cover...,.,-...... 201. 66 .5 H17.41 Sent. 28. 1936..... See footnotes at end of table. CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on graphic Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Thick­ pls.l pleted level Depth or 2 tion i (inches) to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 6S.R.2 W. 306 NEKSW^ sec. 31 F 154 Dg 22H 36 Young alluvium (?). 307 NWMNWM sec. 34. V 186 Erg 46J4 36 Valley fill. 308 SE^NWM sec. 36. - F 186 35+ 4 Do. T. 6 S., R. 1 W. 309 NWJ4NWJ4 sec 6 V? 164 Dg 32 42 Do. 310 SEMNEMsec. 10 1927 T 215 Dr 400 12 100 "Soft gray rock." 311 SEMNEMsec. 16 V 188 Dg 2654 36 Valley fill. 312 NW34SWJ£ sec 18 V 190 Dr 198 4 198 Gravel. 313 SE^NWJisec. 26. V? 255.5 24^ 42 Valley fill. 314 NWJ4SWJ4 sec 29 V 185 Ef 98 6 98 Coarse sand. 315 NEMNEM sec. 32- -__ W. A. Gatchet------V 188 Dg 30 36 Valley fill. T. 6 S., R. 1 E. 316 SEKSE^sec.4.--- . T? 298.6 Dg 20 48 Valley fill(?). 317 SEJ^SEVisec. 5_ V? Dr 202 4 80 8 Sand and gravel. 318 NW^SWMsec. 7__ - T? 260.4 21 42 Gravel. 319 NWMNEMsec. 9__ T? 300 Sf 400± T. 7 S., R. 5 W. 320 SWMSE^sec. 27 .. T 305 Dg 24 48 Terrace deposit. T. r s.. R. 4 w. 321 SWMNWMsec. X ----- .1. J. Neufeld V 183.9 Dg 12.9 48 Valley fill. 322 NE^SWMsec. 19..- ___ W. C. Palmer. __ _ V 188 Dg 15 30 Do. 323 do.-- -. _ ___- -do.--.-- - 1918 V 186.8 B 21.1 4 Do. 324 SW^SEJ^sec. 21 .__ _ _ V 177 21 60 Do. 325 SW^SW^sec. 29-- 1928 V B? 128 4 Bedrock (?). 326 SEMSE^sec. 34-- __- . V 174 25J^ 36 Valley fill. 32614 --..do..-- __ -..---.--_. . ._. do_ ___ . -..... -.. . V 174 8f 47 4 47 Sand and eravel. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Tem­ Below No. to Ca­ Above (or on which Use of pera­ (or be­ Remarks pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 6 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) 7 land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

306 P D 154 0.3 19.0 Sept. 21, 1928____ 307 46 L D _____do______. ______186 .3 39.9 Sept. 13, 1928.... 308 L D Top of 4-inch casing Craise 187 1.0 23.5 _____do_. ______pump). 309 32 L D Top of porch floor __ ___ ,___ 165 1.0 29.35 Sept. 21, 1928 _ 310 90 T 200 P 58 311 L D, S Top of 2- by 4-inch pump sup­ 188 .0 21.5 Sept. 21, 1928 port. 3-12 198 i«18 313 24M PI D, S Top of brick curb ______:, _ 256. 00 .5 16.4 Sept. 21, 1928_.__ 314 98 L D, S Land surface ______10 36 315 L D 190 1.6 27.6 Sept. 13, 1928___ . Yield barely adequate. Adjacent drilled wells enter gravel at 65 to 75 feet. 316 B D 304.3 5.7 19.1 Sept. 22, 1928 . 317 87 L D, S Soil 5 feet, clay 75 feet, gravel and sand 8 feet, shale 114 feet. Yield reported about 12 gallons a minute. /n 12. 6 Sept. 21, 1928 318 21 L S 261. 38 1.0 \ 14.05 Sept. 28, 1936 _ 319 No water-bearing beds. 320 24 I, D Top of plank cover _ _ _ __ 306 .3 21.55 Sept. 12, 1928 321 12.9 ------D, S Top of cover on well housing __ 186.54 2.6 11 13. 06 Sept. 29, 1936 P D f 10.8 Sept. 11, 1928 322 192 3.4 \ 9.19 Oct. 28, 1935 323 21.1 P S Top of concrete-tile casing, ____ 186. 77 .0 11 6. 85 do . 235 feet north of well 322. 324 21 P D 178 1.1 15.3 Sept. 14, 1928 . 325 D 326 25K N N Top of brick curb.. ______174 .0 20.05 Sept. 19, 1928 Yield small. 326^ Land surface ______1037 Yield, about 35 gallons a minute. 10 feet south of well 326. See footnotes at end of table.

CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on graphic Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type s Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion' to top ness Character (feet) (feet) (feet)

T. 7 S., R. S W. 327 NW^SEMsec. 1_ _ F 151.8 Dg 19.6 36 Young alluvium. 328 NWMNWMsec. 13 V 167.3 Dg 35.5 42 Valley fill. 329 SW^SEJ^sec. 13- 1926 V 195 Dr 54 8 30 24 Gravel and sand. 330 NWJ4NWJ4 sec 14 F 134 Dr 58 36-8 Gravel. 331 NWMSE&sec. 17-- 1926 H 365 Dr 260 6 250 10 Crevices in basalt. 331^ SWMNEM sec. 22 V 165 Dr 400 100 Gravel, cemented. 33194 do V 165 Dr 175 50 Gravel. 332 NE^SEMsec. 22 3, W. Parker.. . ______V 165 Dr 50 6 35 15 Gravel and sand. f 21 12 332}^ SWKSWMsec. 22 F 140 Dr 9 165 { 42 . 6 } Do. 333 NWMNE^ sec. 23-- V 165 Dr 9 248J4 12-10 188 60^ Basalt (?). 334 SW^NE}4sec. 23- .. Public Works Engineering Corporation... 1929 V 165 Dr «267 12-10 60 35 Gravel, cemented. 335 SWJiNWMsec. 24.- do 1929 V 185 Dr 336 NWMSEW sec 24 A. W. Stryker-. 1929 V 202 Dr »115 4 115 Gravel, loose. 337 NEJiNEJOec. 25 V 210 Dr 93 4 85 8 Gravel. 338 NEJ^NWJOec. 25.- 1925 V 200 Dr 9 112Ji 12 95 16 Do. 338^ NE^SW^ sec. 25- V 205 Dr »160 12 122 12 Do. 339 NW^SWJ^ sec 26 1914 F 160± Dr 200 12 200± 340 NWj4NE}^ sec 27 Otto Klett- - - - 1925 F 165 Dr 400± 341 NE^NWHsee. 27.- F 165 Dr 460± 342 NWJ4NE34 sec 28 F 125 Dg 34 168 30± Gravel. 343 -do..... - . do.. F 125 Dg 27« 108 25± Do. 344 do - do.- - - 1928 F 125 Dr 52^ 10 42 16 Sand and grave 1 . 345 NEMSE^ sec. 33 1929 H 385 Dr 101 6 Basalt (?). 346 NE^SWl^ sec. 35. E. O. Armmann----. - __ __ . _ ...- 1912 V 179.4 B 28.0 6 Valley fill. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above Use of pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture sea low lor 2 cased Type 5 lons Description level meas­ Date * ' (feet) a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

327 PI D, S 152. 85 1.0 11 19. 02 Sept. 29, 1936 328 N do...... 167. 30 .0 » 35. 21 Sept. 22, 1936 329 54 L 27 D, I Irrigates 3 acres. 330 C 100 I 134 .0 14.4 Sept. 19, 1928 331 19 L 12 D 10 100± 100 In Silt and gravel 100 feet, shale (no water) 100 feet, basalt (little water) 200 feet. 331M 50 In Struck bedrock (shale, no water) at 50 feet. 332 50 Reported yield, 20 gallons a minute in 8-hour test. 332M Deepest of four test holes near filter crib. 333 218 T 250 In .do.. 10 17. 5 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Lower 60 feet of casing perforated. Reported draft, 700 gallons a minute in 26-hour test. 334 242 T 400 P do 1022 Salem well 1. Pumpage reported, 500,000 to 650,000 gallons a day. 335 T P Salem well 2. 336 115 PI 7 D "14 Reported yield in 10-hour test, 18 gallons a minute, with draw-down of 5 feet. 337 90 ....-do. 105 338 106 L 150 P -do »28 Well 3, at laundry. Yield in 7-day test reported, 235 gallons a minute with draw -down of 85 feet. Well 1, 200 feet west in engine room, 97 feet deep, yields 150 gallons a minute; well 2, 140 feet west and 25 feet south, 82 feet deep, yields 75 gallons a minute. 338 Ji 300 P .do.. .. 101260 Struck bedrock at 134 feet. 339 PI 240 N 1015 Former locomotive supply. 340 No water-bearing beds. 341 Do. 342 34 PI 165 P 54 .0 12 29. 5 Sept. 19, 1928 - Chemical analysis of water in table 9. City well 1, 20 feet southwest of pump house. P 343 52 2 PI 50 Edge of manhole rim _ ...... 3.95 f 12 26. 7 ..... do.... . City well 2, 10 feet south of pump house. 344 T 330 P * I 24.9 City well 3, within dug well 2; shallow aquifers cased off. 345 61 I Top of casing .__- _ _ . 1044 Soil 5 feet, decomposed basalt 52 feet, basalt 44 feet. 346 PI D Top of tile casing--..,- . .... 179.40 .0 11 18. 69 Sept. 29. 1936 See footnotes at end of table. CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued CO 00 Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on graphic Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth 4 ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i (feet) to top ness Character O (feet) (feet) S3

T. 7 S., R. 8 W. § 347 SEMSWMsec. 1 1905 V 198.9 Dg 33 72 Do. 348 NEMSEMsec. 3 Wm. Roth... . V 205 Dr 84 6 74 10 Gravel and sand. 349 SEMSEJ4 sec. 4______1928 V 195 Dr 100 4 50 50 Do. 350 V 224.2 Dg 47 47 Gravel. 24 48 351 NWMNWMsec. 15 . 1900 V 191.1 j. 3 Valley fill. 371 SEMNEJ4 sec. 27 Birch__. ______..._.____.__._.____._____ F 149 B 23 3 Young alluvium. 372 NWiiNEiisec. 28... Indeoendence Creamery.-- ______... F 150 B 35 6 35± Gravel. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be- (or pacity Above 1 low above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture sea <+))! lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description f level 1 ,(- )^ meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

347 L D 199. 41 0.5 11 3.44 March 16, 1936 .. 348 80 i"25 349 100 L D -do-- 1037 /" 42. 8 Sept. 13, 1928 ^Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 350 L D, S 52.5 225. 67 1.5 \ 44.78 Sept. 21, 1936 /i 120. 5 Sept. 14, 1928-.. . 351 L D, S 191.60 .5 \ 22. 61 Sept. 28, 1936- _. 352 38 L S 182 1.0 " 17.5 Sept. 14, 1928 353 6 L D 254 .0 28.15 Sept. 13, 1928 354 82 1020 355 D Top of 2-inch plank deck 229. 70 .6 " 27. 75 Sept. 29, 1936- _. 356 L S 213 .4 19.3 Sept. 13, 1928 357 41 10 11 358 47 I) .....do. __ . .._.__ 1020 359 50 L I do . 10 15 Irrigates 5 acres. Yearly draft, about 200,000 gallons. 360 T 100 I _ .do ______1020 Tested capacity reported, 250 gallons a minute with draw-down of 40 feet. * 361 24 L D 197 .5 15.75 Sept. 11, 1928 . 361M N "Sulphur" water. Pumped excessive quantity of fine sand; well abandoned. 361M N Former public supply; discontinued owing to declin­ ing yield. 362 0 1,000 I Water 50 acres of hops. 363 L 364 18 N N 226 .0 12.95 Sept. 11, 1928 - 365 6 S 208.4 .6 11 13. 60 Sept. 29, 1936. 366 N N 165 .4 11 24. 9 Sept. 11, 1928 . Formerly watered stock. 307 26.9 PI 4 D,S 167. 34 2.0 "25.41 Sept. 29, 1936 368 42 C 1,000 I 1012 Waters 35 acres. Lower 13 feet of casing perforated. 369 No water-bearing beds; shale below depth of 47 feet. 370 N N Top of casing (high point) 161 .9 11 26. 95 Sept. 11, 1928 . 371 P D 150 1.2 17.8 Sept. 18, 1928 372 N N Land surface. ______i«15 4-inch centrifugal pump formerly. See footnotes at end of table. CO «O TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. above Di­ on Year graphic Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 8 Depth < ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion" (feet) to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Con. 373 SEMNWMsec. 28_ F 150 Dr 45± 8 Young alluvium. 374 NWMNEJ^ sec 29 V 174.0 Dg 27.5 36 Valley fill. 375 NEMNE&sec. 31...... 1935 V 195 Dr 302 6 260 Shale. 376 ..do. .__-...... -do...... ------1936 V 195 39 48 {? 39-59 6± * Valley fill. 377 NWMSWM sec. 31_ -_ 1921 H 210.9 Dg 25.5 42 Slope wash. T. 8 S., R. 3 W. 378 NEUNEJisec. 2__...... V 192 Dr 4 379 SWj|SEJ£sec. 2... . H 240 Dr 270 12-8 Bedrock. 380 NWJ£NWMsec. 12 H 275 Dr 285 10 Do. 381 NEj£SWMsec.-19.-._ 1926 H 950 Dr 400 10 355 14 Porous basalt. 382 do H 950 Dr 191 6 90 5 Volcanic scoria. T. 8 S., R. 2 W. 383 SWJ^SWKsec. 5...... 1937 V 230 Dr 384 SEJ^SEM sec. 7 ...... 1937 V 235 Dr 265 90 Sand and grav 385 SEJ£NWJ£sec.8 do 1925 T 265 Dr ° 1,006 455 17 Sandstone. 386 SWMNEJ£sec.8.. do 1928 H 235 Dr 115 8 85 30 Basalt (?). 387 SWMSEM sec. 9_ -. H 590 Dr 94 3 94 Sand. 388 SEMSW^sec. 28...... V 292 Dn 10 IX Gravel. 389 NWJ^NEJ^ sec. 35...... V 326 Dg 15 30 Valley fill. T. 8 S., R. 1 W. 390 SWMSWMsec. 30-. .. V 366 Dg 37 144 Do. T. 9 S., R. 5 W. 391 NEMNEMsec. 24, ...... F 200 Dr 120 3 120 Shale. 392 SEUsec. 36. ...-. DeArmand ___ ------...... 1928 H 240 Dr 121 6 114 7 Sandstone and shale. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point "Water level

Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which Use of Eemarks well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above pis. (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

373 C P 53.5 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Three wells about 100 feet apart; common suction to three pumps with capacities of 540, 750, and 1,000 gallons a minute. 374 N N Top of steel bar spanning well.. 174.03 0.0 "17.43 Sept. 29, 1936 . 375 253 N N 2± Mav26, 1938.... Strong salt water. Bluish-gray shale 264 feet, drab sandstone 17 feet, soft sandy shale 21 feet. 376 39 L N Yields 600 gallons a day in autumn. 377 25J-2 B, P D Top of 2- by 4-inch frame of box 218. 68 7.8 " 20. 31 Sept. 29, 1936--. curb. 378 L S 191 -.8 10.3 Sept. 14, 1928 - 379 60 D 380 29J-S L 55 D Struck bedrock at 22^ feet. 381 L D Soil 8 feet, clay and weathered rock 99 feet, basalt 293 feet. 382 Perched water, drained when porous basalt was struck at 185 feet; cement plug 182 feet below land surface. 20 feet from well 381. N 383 N Irrigation contemplated. 384 T 150 I 1010 Struck bedrock at 127 feet, no water-bearing beds below. Draw-down reported, 110 feet when pump­ ing 150 gallons a minute. 385 .do . ---_ ...... i°108 Capacity very small; well abandoned and filled. 386 76 T 100 D ..do-- - 10 10-15 Reported yield, 90 gallons a minute in 96-hour test with draw-down of 85 feet. 387 27 L D 388 10 P D,S 294 2.3 8.3 Sept. 13,1928 389 P D ._ _ do..-.- ______... 329 3.4 14.05 390 PI 35 In 366 8.95 Aug. 31, 1928- - 391 N 10 0. 0± Salty water; well abandoned. 392 See footnotes attend of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued O bO Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Location Owner or user situa­ sea Types Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i (feet) to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 9 S., R. 4 W. 393 NEJ^NWJ^ sec 4 V 180 Dii 45 3 25 Gravel and sand. 394 SEMNEJOee. il Sloper Bros. ___ - ._ ------F 156.9 Dr 32 8 24 8 Do. 395 SWJ4NWJ4 sec 19 V 210 Dg 34 48 Valley fill. 396 SWJ4SWJisec. 23__----_ 1869 T 238.7 Dg 30.9 Terrace deposit (?) . 397 SEJiSEKsee. 23 ._ F 171 Du 26 1M 21 Gravel. 398 NWJiNEM sec. 25 F 172 Dg 17 48 Do. 399 SWMNWJ4 sec. 25 ;. _ 1926 F 170 Dg 13^ 48 13J* Do. 400 .- do-.------. _. F 175 Dg 15± Do. 401 SEMNE^ sec. 26- ____ D. E. Turnidge -- -- - 1926 F 170 Dg 11 48 9 Do. 402 NEJ^SEJi sec. 26- do 1928 F 175 Dg 13 48 Do. 403 SW^SE^ sec. 26- ... F 175 Dg 17j'i 54 Do. 404 NW^SEMsec. 27-.. 1910 V 216.3 S5 30.8 36 Old alluvium. 405 NEMSWJ^ sec 31 1922 V 207.6 28.9 4 Do. 406 NWMSEJ£sec. 33- . V 203 T)r 44 8 Do. T. 9 S., R. 3 W. 407 NE^SEM sec. 28 ..... V 200 Dn 21 1M Do. 408 NE&SEMsec. 30 1925 F 181 Dg 17 72 Young alluvium. T. 9 S., R. 2 W. 409 SWJ^NEKsec. 4.. O. A. Bear -- .__----_ - V 305.1 Dn 27.9 IX Old alluvium. 410 NEMNWM sec. 10- ____ V 328 Du 14 IX Do. 411 NEMSW^sec. 24--. . V 368 Dg 23 48 22 Sand and gravel. 412 SE^NEMsec. 26 1933 F 347.8 Dn 13.3 iH Young alluvium. 413 NE^'NWM sec. 33...... V 297 Dn 18 IX Sand. 414 NWJ^NEJ^ sec 34 V 324.6 Dg 18.3 72 Old alluvium. T. 9 S., R. 1 W. V ' 415 NE&NE& see. 7- - . G.H.M. Brewer.--...... -- 396.3 Dg 16 36 Gravel. 416 .....do...-. .._- ..._ _ -do...... _ - V 395 Dn 16.8 Do. 417 SWMSEJi sec. 10 . 1928 F 448 Dr 200± 12 Bedrock. 418 NEJ^SEMsec. 20 - V 418 Dg 23 72 Old alluvium. T.108.,R.6 W. 419 SWMNEWsec. 34--.--. J. A. Fowler.-- ._ - 11 385 Dr 77 3 TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Wtllamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump - . Measuring point Water level Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pacity Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water « ture low lor 2 cased Type 5 (°F.) Description sea (+)) Date 8 (feet) lons level (-)) meas­ a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

393 45 L D, H Land surface. _._ ___. 10 25-30 394 32 N N Jii 16.5 Sept. 12,1928-- \ Casinr, perforated 24 to 32 feet. Formerly for irrigation: 157. 93 1.0 X 17.41 Sept. 15,1936..- / tested capacity reported, 900 gallons a minute. 395 34 L D, S 210 26 9 Surrounds well drilled 70 feet deep and cased 20 to 70 feet below land surface. 396 P D 239. 68 1.0 11 23. 84 Sept. 15,1936____ 397 26 P D,S Lower valve seat of pump_ 174 2.7 26.55 Sept. 15,1928 398 C 250 I 170 -1.6 6.9 . do-. 399 133/2 C 250 I _- _. do__ _ - . do.. 400 I Irrigates 30 acres. 401 11 O 250 I Top of timber pump support. _ 170 .0 4.5 .--.do.- --. Drawn-down, about 5 feet. 402 13 O 250 I Top of timber curb 175 .0 11.3 ..-.do. - Drawn-down, about % foot. 403 N I - -do--- - . 175 .0 14.9 do-.- 404 31 PI D, S 216. 76 .5 11 18. 3fi Sept. 15, 1936 405 29 PI D, S Top of 2-inch plank cover. . . 207. 61 .0 11 12.07 Sept. 16,1936--- 406 PI 10 D, S 204 1.0 19.6 a OT-.+ o i noo 407 21 P D.S Lower valve seat of pump_ __. 203 2.7 12.2 Sept. 7, 1928 _ 408 17 PI 85 I Top of noitheast corner post . . 181.5 .6 12.0 Sept. 15,1928..- Irrigates 12 acres. 409 28 D Top of IJi-inch standpipe _-_ _ 308. 14 3.0 11 8. 85 Sept. 1. 1936 ._ . 410 17 P N 331 3.2 6.6 Aup. 31,1928- 411 5 B D 369 .5 15. 55 412 P D 350. 63 2.S 11 12. 70 Oct. 10, 3935-.-- 413 18 N N 297 .2 4.3 Aug. 31, 1928__- 414 P S 325. 14 .5 11 16. 12 415 16 N N /Top of IJi-inch standpipe / "7.75 Aug. 31,1928 \ (pump coupling). }399. 91 3.6 \ 9.04 Sept. 1,1936. . 416 P D At residence, about 200 yards east of well 415. 417 N N Working platform of drilling 450 2.5 20.5 Aug. 31, 1928. . - rig. 418 4 L D 419 .5 18.4 -..-do------419 Shale, not water-bearing. Well abandoned. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE.!!. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Height Principal water-bearing bed No. Topo­ Di­ on Year graphic above Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type 3 Depth < ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level Depth or 2 tion ! (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 10 S., R. 4 W. 420 SWJiNEJOec. 6. V 202 B 21H 8 Old alluvium. 421 SEJ^NWMsec. 12- F 185.7 Dg 24^ . 24 19 4 Gravel. 422 NEMNEJOec. 15. _ 1911 F 186.8 Dn 23.0 Young alluvium. 423 EJ^sec. 15 ------F 185 Dr 35 Sand. 424 SEWSWWsec. 16 V 216 Dr 31 3 31 Sandstone. 425 NWMSWM sec. 17 1910 V 215.8 Dg 28.4 72 Old alluvium. 426 SEMNEJi sec. 18...... L. 0. wmiatason...... L890 V 218.1 Dg 28.8 48 Do. 427 SEMSWMsec. 33 F. H. Van Lydegraf . - - 1929 T 265 Dr 156 3 147 9 Fine sandstone. T. 10 S., R. 3. W. 428 NWMSWM. sec. 1 V 234 Dg 13+ 36 Old alluvium. 429 SWJ^SWMsec. 4__ __ F 190 Dn 20 IJi Young alluvium. 430 NWM.sec. 5-.- F 190 Dg 25 Do. 431 SEJ^SWMsec. 6 _ 1925 F 180 Dg 13 48 9 Gravel. 432 SWMSWM sec. 7...... F 170 Dg 22^ 60 12 Do. 433 NEMNEJOec. 8__ ... F 196.5 Dn 17.7 Young alluvium. 434 SWMNWM sec. 19 . V 205 Dn 33 lj| 32 2 Old alluvium. 435 NWJ^SEMsec. 19- . R. O. Conser ------V 200 Dr »160 4 Shale and sandstone. 436 . do .. V 202 Dg 19 36 Old alluvium. 437 SWJ^SEMsec. 20- ______T 240 Dr 212% 3 Sandstone and shale. 438 NW^SEMsec. 21- 1885? T 242.2 Dg 17.9 72 Terrace deposit. 439 SW^SEJOec. 26___ _ N. V. Shelby . T 270 Dg 34^ 30 Slope wash. 440 SEJiSEMsec. 28. 1929 H 285 Dr 215 4 200 Shale. 441 SEJ^NEJi sec. 31 _ Z. E. Merrm...... V 200 Dr 90 Old alluvium (?). 442 NWJ^sec. 32_-__--__-___ _do ...... F 190 Dg 15 Young alluvium. 443 NEJiSWJi sec. 33 _. - V 215 Dr 50 Gravel. T. 10 S., R. % W.

444 NEJiNEJi sec. 1 . Southern Pacific Railroad...... 1928 V 350 Dr 51 6 f 28 5 Gravel. 1 51 Sand. 445 .....do...... P. F. Smith...... 1926 V 353 Dr 35 4 Old alluvium. 446 SEWS WM sec. 7 Paul C. Smith...... F 250 Dg 12 60 Coarse gravel. - TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons ("P.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

420 0 P S 202 0.0 18.7 fii 21.8 Aug. 1,1928-.--. 421 24 Pi N 187. 44 1.7 \ 22.10 422 P S Top of draft pipe (remove 189. 34 2.5 11 15. 96 pump and coupling). 423 Bottomed on shale; abandoned owing to small yield from sand. 424 24 p S 218 2.4 15.05 Sept. 8,1928-.... 425 P N 217. 15 1.3 11 15.47 Sept. 10,1936-.- 426 Pi S 218. 44 .3 11 20. 09 427 L D,S 10 12 Tested capacity reported, 4 gallons a minute with draw-down of 28 feet. 428 P S 236 1.9 11.1 Sept. 7,1928 . 429 20 P DI ' 196 5.3 17.7 430 300 431 13 O 200 I 10 2 1926 - Irrigates 3 acres. 432 22 C I 172 2.0 7.6 Irrigates 5 acres. 433 S 199. 52 3.0 11 16. 69 434 30 PI D,S 435 Salt water; well abandoned. 436 N S 202 -.5 12.5 Sept. 7, 1928 __ 437 25 L D,S 243 3.0 23. 55 Autc. 1,1928. ~- 438 S 242. 53 .3 11 15. 73 439 34 PI D, S __ _ do, ..______. 270 -.5 28.9 Sept. 7,1928. 440 D 1049 Yield very small. 441 C 40 I do___ ...... i°15 Reported yield, 50 gallons a minute with draw-down of 70 feet. 442 100 I Capacity reported, 500 gallons a minute. 443 D Struck bedrock at 48 feet. 444 34 L P 10 5 Capacity, about 20 gallons a minute. Perforated casing. 445 25 P D 353 .0 8.4 446 Pumped dry in 20 minutes with 2-inch centrifugal pump. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued o OS Principal water-bearing bed No. Topo­ Height Year above Di­ on Location Owner or user com­ graphic pis. 1 situa­ sea Type 3 Depth 4 ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted level (inches) tion ' (feet) 2 to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 10 8., R.% W Con. 447 SWMNWJi sec. 14 . V 296 Dg 21 Old alluvium. 448 NWMNEM sec. 17 D. Watkins . __ V 276.3 Dg . 27 36 Do. 449 SE^SWMsec. 21______F 251 Dn 18 Ik Young alluvium. 450 NW^SEM sec. 34...... F 262 Dn 20+ Ik Do. T. 10 S., R. 1 W. 451 NEMNE^sec. 16. . V 361 Dn 12 Ik Old alluvium. 452 NEMSE^sec. 18 F 313 Dg 13.3 48 Young alluvium. 453 NEMSWMsec. 18 1934 V 314.3 Dg 11.7 72 Old alluvium. 454 SW^SWJ^sec. 27_ . B. I. Arnold...------.------.... . V 326 Dg 12 Ik Do. T. 11 S., R. 5 W. 455 NWJiNEJi sec. 12.. . Alfred Wvlie... - -- .. 1929 H 250 Dr 98 3 90 M Becdrock. 456 SWMNEJisec. 13.- ... 1877 T 240.3 25.1 42 Slope wash. 457 NWMSEMsec. 23 ... H 285 8 85 3 80± Sandstone and shale. 458 NEHSWJisec. 23-- C. C. Steinel..------.. . _ --..-. ... 1928 H 378 Dr 160 3 160 Do. 459 SEJiSEM sec. 27 1910 V 231.6 Dn 40.4 Old alluvium (?). 460 NWMNW^sec. 35 City of Corvallis _ ... .._ __.______1937 V 225 Dr 18 33 20 Sand and pebbles. 461 SEJiSEJi sec. 35 __ F 215 Dr 200 462 NE^sec. 36±_ ...... Grover Smith . _ . _ F 210 Dg 30 Young alluvium. 463 SWMSEJisec. 36 Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station F 219.0 Dr 42 8 Old alluvium (?). 464 F 219.0 Dr 50 8 20 22 Coarse sand and gravel. 465 - do.- ...... do F 220 Dn 28 1« Old alluvium (?). T. 11 S., R. 4 W. 466 SWJ£SWJ4 sec. 1 1928 F 190 Dr 33 10 18 Sand. 467 SEJ^SWM sec. 1 ___ .. do 1928 F 190 Dr 37 15 8 Gravel. 468 SEMSEJisec. 1 ...... 1921 V 210 Dr 242 3 240+ Shale. 469 __ .do... . __ _ 1922 V 210 Dr 540 4-3 20fi Sandstone. 470 .. - So do....-. -. .. V 210 Dr 90 1« 90± Shale. 470^ - «JO -do-... . _ ___ . ______V 210 Dr 210 12 Do. 471 NEKNW^ sec. 2_ . .. PaulE. Johnston. _ ...... 1927 H 335 Dr 183 3 180± Sandstone. 472 NEkfSWJi sec. 4 V 224.0 Dg 31 42 Old alluvium. 473 NWWNEV sec. 12 Mountain States Power Co_._ ._ 1928 F 190 Dr 95 6 12 12 (Iravfll TABLK 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below on which Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water * ture sea low lor 2 cased Type* lons Description level meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) i land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

447 21 N N 300 2.9 18.2 Aug. 30, 1928 448 27 N N (Top pf brick curb. _-.____-_ .. 276. 31 .0 11 24. 7 do-- . \Top of concrete and steel collar. 276. 67 .5 26. 35 Sept. 1, 1936- - 449 18 P S 253 2.3 11.55 Aug. 30, 1928- __. 450 20 P D 267 5.3 17.90 -do... 451 P D . do 363 1.7 9.3 _do- - 452 P D 313 6.7 453 In 315. 26 1.0 11 4. 73 454 P D 53 330 3.7 9.33 Aug. 3, 1928. . . 455 25 N D Small yield. 456 P S 240. 34 11 12. 36 457 P D, S 54 +2.8 July 28, 1928 Flows slightly. 458 L D, S 459 P D 236. 28 4.7 11 22 37 460 P i« 13 Nov. 1937 At high school; gravel envelope. Yield reported, 75 gallons a minute with draw-down of 5 feet. 461 Test hole at bridge site. Gravel and sand 24 feet, bedrock (shale) 176 feet. 462 300 I 463 42 fn 1. 32 .Tulv 26, 1928 \ Most easterly of two wells in common pit 22 feet deep. 750 I f 197. 17 -21.8 \ .96 Aug. 5, 1936 J Common pump and suction pipe, perforated casings. 464 42 1 About 6 feet west of well 463. 465 PI D, S 51.5 1022 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 466 . -do. ... __--___ 10 12 Abandoned test hole. Bedrock (shale) at 28 feet. 467 . do 1012 Abandoned test hole. Bedrock at 23 feet. 468 N Capacity 2J£ gallons a minute. 469 N 210 .2 26.2 July 27, 1928 Water salty, well abandoned. 470 N 210 .5 17.3 do.. Capacity reported, 2 gallons a minute. 470^ Capacity reported 10 gallons a minute. Soil, clay, and sand 23 feet; shale 187 feet (one gritty bed 5 feet thick). 471 19 L 4 D, S July 27, 1928 __ 472 PI D, S f "20. 95 Aug. 1,1928. .... "(Drilled and cased well 87 feet deep in center; water level 224. 83 .8 1 22.97 Aug. 5, 1936 .. / not measured therein. 473 N 10 12 Near well 474. Bedrock at 24 feet. Capacity reported, 75 gallons a minute. Well abandoned. O See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells m the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued o 00 Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth ^ ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion J level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 11 S., R. 4 W. Con. 474 NWHNE^sec. 12...... F 190 Dr 46 12 12 Gravel. 476 NEMNEM sec. 14...... -do-..... _____ 1929 F 198 Dr 104 15 17 Fine gravel and sand. 476 .do. _ . _ _ -. do-._ __ 1929 F 197 Dr 20 Gravel. 477 .. do _ _ __ .do...... ______. ____ 1929 F 195 Dr 30 12 18 Do. 478 __ .do..... __ .__...... do-..... 1929 F 190 Dr 27 9 18 Do. 479 ..do.. __ ._ do . . .. 1929 F 193 Dr 480 __ _do... ____ .__, -do.. _ _. 1929 F 196 Dr 481 __ .do... ___ ._...... do.--...- _. . 1929 F 200 Dr 35 Gravel. 482 SEMNEM sec. 14 . do . . 1929 V 202 Dr 34 14 20 Do. 483 NWMSE^sec. 15 V 215 Dg 31^ 36 Old alluvium. 484 14-5 f 31 2 Coarse sand. SWMSWM sec. 18 W. S. Steele ... _ ... .. __ F 217 Dr 44 I 39 5 Do. 485 NE^NEK sec. 25. . .. _ V 226 Dg 26^ 48 Old alluvium. 486 SWJ^SWMsec. 26-.. . V 221.2 Dg 27.3 60 Do. 487 NWMNWM sec. 30 W. W. Stover. _ . _ . __ . _____ .._. F 204 Dg 18 60 Young alluvium. 488 SEMSWM sec. 32 __ ... V 223 Dr 21 Old alluvium (?). 489 SEMSEJisec. 32...... H. G. Whitney . __ ... _ .. F 220 B 18 6 Young alluvium (?) . 490 NWMSE^sec. 33 P. A. Goodwin.... __ . ___ . _ T 235 Dr 295 4 290± Bedrock (shale). 491 SWMSWK sec. 35...... 1916 V 225 Dn 31 Gravel. 492 SEJ4NEM sec. 36__ _._... McFarland School, district 25 ... V 236.9 Dn 26 SJ Old alluvium. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

474 i»12 Abandoned test hole. Bedrock (shale) at 24 feet. 475 ..do...... 10 14 Bedrock (shale) at 32 feet. West of Corvallis road, 750 feet southwest of Calapooya River road. 476 Bedrock (shale) at 20 feet. Very small yield. 625 feet north of well 475. 477 ice Bedrock (shale) at 27 feet. 575 feet northwest of well 475. 478 103 Bedrock (shale) at 14 feet. 400 feet west-northwest of well 475. 479 Bedrock (shale) at 14 feet. 450 feet west-northwest of well 477. 480 Bedrock (shale) at 14 feet. 675 feet northwest of well 477. 481 No bedrock. Midway between well 477 and well 478. 482 Bedrock at 34 feet. 483 31Y2 L D 217 1.8 25.3 Aug. 13, 1928-... 484 44 PI 70 I Crown of tee opposite pump 208 -9.0 6.15 Aug. 2, 1928...- Irrigates 10 acres. Bottoms on bedrock (shale). intake. 485 P S 226 .0 14.4 Aug. 17, 1928..- f'117.7 July 28, 1928 _ 486 P S Top of 2-inch plank deck ...... 221. 83 .6 \ 19.35 July 29, 1936 ..... 487 N N Top of 2- by 6-inch frame of 204 .0 13.15 Aug. 1,1928.. ... Tested yield, 25 gallons a minute, with small draw­ platform. down. 488 L D, S 224 .5 10.2 July 28, 1928..... 489 PI D, S Top of pump support.. ___ .. 220 .0 11.7 Aug. 13, 1928-... 490 L S Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Water salty. 491 30 P S 228 2 9 » 19. 9 Aug. 13, 1928 . ( Concrete pump platform ...... 236.9 !o 11 13. 0 Aug. 2, 1928 _ 492 P P 54 \Lower valve seat of pump ...._. 239. 62 2.7 15.47 Aug. 5, 1936 - See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 . Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion ! level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 11 S., R. S W. 493 NEMNEM sec. 2._ __ . V 222.6 Dg 6.2 Old alluvium. 494 NEJ^NWJ^ sec 4 7 27 1 Gravel, compact. 1927 V 203 Dr 34 4 \ 33 1 Gravel, loose. 495 .. do...... _ .do...... - ______.______1927 V 203 Dn 41 U4 Old alluvium. 496 __ ..do... _ _ - ______do 1928 V 203 Dn 31J_ Ik Do. 497 do do __ - 1928 V 203 Dn 30 1* Do. 498 .do... _ _ . ______.do _ . 1928 V 203 Dn 42 Ui Do. [ 30± 3 Gravel. 499 do . _do____.. 1929 V 203 Dr 120 4 { 00± 3 Do. I 114 6 Sand and pebbles. 500 NEMSEK sec. 5. ____ . 1923 F 200 Dr 430 12 78 2 Gravel. 501 SWjJsec. 6 __ _ F 185 Dg 30 Young alluvium. 502 SEMSWJ^ sec. 7 1910? T 225.0 Dg 23.8 10 Terrace deposit (?) . 503 NW#NWJ£ sec. 8 __ . 1929 V 220 Dr 36 17 17 Gravel. 503}^ NWMNWM sec. 8 (?)__. do V Dr 38 18 15 16 Sand and gravel. 504 SWMNWJi sec. 8-.- _-___do.___. _-_ __ -__. 1929 V 223 Dr 50 8 28 15 Gravel and sand. 505 - do..., ______. do 1929 V Dr 36 26 10 Gravel, somewhat cemented. .do ( 17 11 Do. 506 do 1929 V Dr 125 X 100 Bedrock. 507 do. . ______. .do...... __ _ __ 1929 V Dr 74 17 21 Gravel. 508 ..do.- do . _. __ _ _ 1929 V Dr 36 17 17 Do. 509 do _. _ do.. _ ___ _ ... _ _ __ 1929 V Dr 17 510 NWJ^SWJisec. 8... _ _. do 1929 V Dr 36 19 6 Gravel, loose. 511 ____.do ______do 1929 V 225 Dr 36 19 6 Do. 512 SWliNEM sec. 9.. U. E. Kenagy ______V 226 Dn 391^ 1^ Old alluvium. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Types lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date* (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

493 P S 233. 35 0.8 11 5. 02 Aug. 4, 1936--- 494 30 495 PI 15 I 496 Top of lJ4-inch casing (discon­ 194 -9.2 9.08 Aug. 2, 1928--.-. Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Irrigates S nect suction.) acres. All five wells within 30-foot circle and joined 497 by common pump suction. 498 499 I Tested capacity reported, 50 gallons a minute, with draw-down of 35 feet. Well bottoms on dense "clay" (bedrock ?). 500 78 L 15 In 43.5 i»10 Draw-down, about 52 feet. Well entered bedrock so (shale) at about 80 feet. 501 100 I 502 23.8 P N 227. 90 2.9 11 15.18 Aug. 12, 1936- _- Backfilled around 10-inch concrete-tile casing. f 11.55 Aug. 14, 1929--. 503 N I 11.90 Aug. 20, 1929 J330 feet north of well 504. Bedrock (shale) at 34 feet. 503}i N Near well 503. Bedrock at 31 feet. Capacity reported, 250 gallons a minute. 1 Perforated casing. Tested capacity Aug. 20, 1929, f 3.45 Aug. 14, 1929-.-. 50-65 gallons a minute, with draw-down of 14.2 feet. 504 46 N \ 3.2 Aug. 17, 1929- - Located east of shed in northwest angle' of T-road 1.1217.45 Aug. 20, 1929. . east. Struck bedrock (shale) at 47 feet. 505 N 23.8 -...-do- ... 10 feet northeast of well 504. f 2.8 Aug. 14, 1929...- 506 N do... _ - \ 2.8 Aug. 20, 1929 }435 feet east of well 504. Bedrock at 28 feet. / 9.9 Aug. 14, 1929 - 1530 feet south-southeast of well 504. Bedrock (pebbly 507 N do ------I 10.1 ^viig. iU, ly^y- __ / shale) at 38 feet. !9.9 Aug. 14, 1929- 508 N do. - 10.2 J525 feet south of well 504. Bedrock (shale) at 34 feet. 17.5 Aug. 14, 1929 - 509 P N 4± 18.1 Aug. 20, 1929 - J225 feet southwest of well 504. 510 . N 6.8 Aug. 14, 1929 . 1,000 feet south of well 504. 511 N 7.75 __ --do __ -.-. ... 2,400 feet south-southeast of well 504. 512 39 D. S TOP of porch floor. __ _._ 228 2.0 16.65 July 28, 1928 - See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth « ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet) oi T. 11 S. R. S H'. Con. 513 NEMNWJOec. 23....- 1923 V 258.8 Dg 21.9 Old alluvium. 514 NE^NWJi sec. 27___-_- 1927 V 262 Dn 58 1M Do. T. 11 S., R. S W. 515 SEJ^NWMsec. 6____ .... T 255 Dn 32^ m Terrace deposit. 516 SWJiSEM see. 16-...... A. J. Wilson,... ______1928 F 278 Dg 9 42 3 6 Gravel. 517 NEMSEJOec. 20__ ..... V 288 Dn 80 1M 80 Do. 518 NWMNEMsec. 21...... H. O. Wilson...,. __ . ______V 282.2 Rg 15.5 72 Old alluvium (?). 519 NWMNEMsec. 24...-- V 300 Dr 73J^ 4 Old alluvium or terrace deposit. 520 V 301 D£ 22 48 Old alluvium. 521 SWMNWM sec. 26_-_._. F 305 Dg 18 Young alluvium. 522 NEMSEJi sec. 31- _..._. V 301 Dn 18 1M Old alluvium. 523 SWKSEJ^ sec. 35...... Wm. H. Torrey. ______F 327 Dr 40 40 Young alluvium. T. JJ S., R. 1 W. 524 NW^NE}£ sec. 6______V 290 Sg 12 42 Old alluvium. 525 SEJ^SWM sec. 27______T 375 Dr 86 4 Bedrock (?). 526 NWJ^SWJi sec. 29...... T 380 Dr »193 4 176 17 Boulders and gravel. T. IS S., R. 6 W. 527 SW&SWMsec. 12.__ _ 1927 V 262.4 Dn 27.8 3 Old alluvium (?). 528 NWMSEJOec. 25...... H 313.9 Dg 31.2 6 T. i* S., R. 6 W.

529 SWJ^NEM sec. 2.. ______F 28± 4 f 12 2 Sand and gravel. 210 Dr I 26 2 Cobbles and boulders. 630 SEJiSWM sec. 2. ___ _ Shell Co. of California ______1925 F 218 Dr 32 3 Gravel. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water 6 ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date' (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

513 D 258. 81 " 10. 38 Aug. 5, 1936 514 30 PI D, S 57 262 0.4 10.05 Aug. 3, 1928..... 515 P D 257 1.9 12.18 do . 516 9 C 120 I 278 .0 3.2 ..... do ...... 517 70± P D 56 290 2.3 8.25 Aug. 2, 1928_ 518 C 200 I Top of 6- by 8-inch pump sup­ 283. 23 1.0 H7.35 Aug. 5, 1936- ... port. 519 L D 54 302 2.3 5.15 Aug. 3, 1928 _ Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 520 P D 54 301 .0 16.0 do C 400 I,-S Draw-down reported, 4 feet. 522 P D 306 5.1 15.75 Aug. 17,1928-.- 523 L 70 I 1014 Irrigates 5 acres. f 8.4 Aug. 3, 1928 -- 524 12 P N 290 .6 X 10.6 Oct. 20, 1928 525 85 D Soil 4 feet, boulder clay 81 feet, "soft rock," 1 foot. 526 78 1017 527 N 263. 86 1.5 11 8. 62 Aug. 5,1936.-- 528 L P 314. 36 .5 11 13. 21 __ -.do __ _ __ .. Backfilled around concrete-tile casing. 529 C 300 In 530 32 PI In 54.5 TOD of 3-inch casing ___ ...... 218 .5 17.5 July 26. 1928 Chemical analvsis of water in table 9. See footnotes at end of table.

CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willameite Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. l Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion * level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T.liR.,5 W. Con. 531 NEJiSWJiseo. 4...... 1927 T 262 Dr 74 3 50 5 Gavel. 532 NEJisec. 7 _ ... - H 325 Dr 211 3 200± Bedrock (shale). 533 SEJ^SEJi sec. 10--.-.. . 1927 V 235 Dr 122 3 122 Do. 534 SE^SWJ^sec. 11...... V 230 Dr 41 3 40 1 Gravel. 535 NWJiNEJ^sec. 18 - -- T 269 Dn 80 1J 536 SWJ-XSW^ sec. 23- ______V 239 Dn 45 1M 42 3 Gravel. 537 NWMNWJi sec. 24__ .... F 223 Dn 23 Do. 538 SWJiNEJi sec. 24 W. L. PowelL __ ... _ F 224 Dg i3?/_: 60 Young alluvium. 539 ..do...... do...... _ ... ______...... F 218 Dg 7 120 Do. 540 NWJ^NWJi sec. 26 V 238.4 Dn 32.2 IJi Old alluvium. 541 SW^NEM sec. 3-1. __ .... H 244 Dg 12 Old alluvium (?). T. 1Z 8., R. 4 W.

542 NWJiSEJi sec. 3 ...... School, district 69 V 230 Dn 25 W Old alluvium. 543 NWJ^SWJisec. 4 _ _ __ E. R. Garner V 225 Dr 80 10 Gravel. 545 NEi^SWJi sec. 8__ ...... F 223 Dn 30 1M Young alluvium (?) . 546 NWMNEJ^sec. 12...... A. R. Forster... . _ . . __ _ V 235 Dr 56 4 Old alluvium. 547 SEJiNWJi sec. 20 .. _ . V 240 Dr 110 548 NWMNEJi sec. 22______V 240.6 Dn 27.0 1V2 Old alluvium. 549 SE&NEJi sec. 26 V 245 Dn 35 W 30 35 Gravel. 550 NEJiNEJOec. 30- J. R. Williamson- ______..._..... F 224 Dg 17 72 Young alluvium. T. n s., R. s w. 551 SWJ^NWJi sec. 7- _ ___ V 245 Dn 45 IJi 42 3 Gravel. 552 _ ..do- . _ ... V 245 Dn 33 Old alluvium. 553 SEJiSEJisec.9.. _.._ V 272.8 Dg 19 30 Do. 554 SEJiNEJisec.il- _ 1928 V 290 Dn 25 W 20 25 Gravel. 555 SW^NEJOec. 12_ ...... V 296 Dn 30 l^i Old alluvium. 556 SWJiSWJ^ sec. 21. ...___ V 260 Dn 20+ 1M Do. 557 SEJiSWJi sec. 34- _ ... Scott Churchill... ______1885 V 266.7 Dg 23.1 Do. 558 SEMNEM sec. 35...... John Behrens... ______V 27 Dn 23 l& Do. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Bemarks pis. well is (gal- water 6 ture low sea (+)) Date 8 lor 2 cased Type « Ions (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ (feet) amin- (feet) ? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

531 50 PI 8 D 260 -2.2 13.0 July 30, 1928 Bottoms on bedrock (basalt ?) . 532 23 Yield small. 533 60 P N 52 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Concentrated brine. Struck bedrock at 42 feet. 534 41 PI 10 D Top of reducing tee capping 232 1.5 12.6 July 30, 1928 casing. 535 Struck bedrock (?) at 20 feet; no water-bearing beds. 536 36 P 537 N "Salty water; abandoned. 538 13J-2 N N 224 .0 8.9 Aug. 14, 1928-.-. Yield reported, 200 gallons a minute. 539 7 I . do- 218 .0 3.25 -_do ----- Yield reported, 525 gallons a minute. With well 538 irrigates 16 acres. f Top of casing (in pit) _- ___-.__ 236. 05 -2.3 " 26. 6 do ----- 540 PI D,S \Top of standpipe. ------237. 82 .0 28.97 541 P D 244 .5 8.4 Aug. 14,1928 542 P D Lower valve seat of pump. . .. 233 2.8 16.9 Aug. 13, 1928-- 543 450 I --_ 10 12 Draw-down reported, 12 feet. 545 P D 228 4.6 15.6 Aug. 13,1928 546 O 85 I 547 No water-bearing beds. Struck bedrock (shale) at 10 feet. 548 P N --_- 244.37 3.8 11 13. 05 Aug. 12, 1936- -__ 549 30 P S - do. __ . ______247 2.2 13.1 Aug. 13, 1928 . 550 17 C 300 I 225 1.0 11.25 Aug. 14, 1928 - 551 40 PI 50 P 541^2 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Five wells pumped jointly. Maximum draft 15,000 gallons a day. 552 P D 245 .0 10.75 Aug. 2, 1928 -_ At blacksmith shop, 25 yards east of wells 551. / H9.6 July 28, 1928--. 553 19 PI D 272. 99 .2 \ 9.42 July 29, 1936 JDriven well at barn, 60 feet deep. 554 25 log 555 P D, S 54 299 2.8 14.8 Aug. 2, 1928--- 556 P D do 262 2.2 14.5 Aug. 13, 1928- - 557 PI D 268. 04 1.3 11 16. 60 Aug. 19, 1936- . - 558 P S Lower valve seat of r>umn_ . 279 3.7 12.5 Aug. 13, 1928 - See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamelte Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 12 S., R. % W. 559 SW^NWJisec. 7_. __ V 310 Dr 49 3-lJi Gravel. 560 SWMNW^ sec. 8___ .... 1905? V 329.5 Dr 48.2 4 Old alluvium. 561 NE^NE^sec. 10-- - Roy Walker. _ . ______.. ... 1928 V 338 Dn 61 1M 58 3 Gravel. 562 V 340 Dr 90 6 Old alluvium. 563 NW^NE^ sec. 10.. Shell Oil Co...-... _ ._ __ ... __ V 340 Dr 67 4 60 7 Sand and gravel. 564 SEMNE^ sec. 11-...... 1929 H 360 Dr 100 1M 100± Bedrock. 565 NEi^SW^sec. 11- _ Sol Lindley,______. ____ _ F 345 Dr 82 4 36 Gravel and sand. 566 SWMSWJ£sec. 11...... 1918 F 345 Dr 115 6 85 Gravel. 567 NWMNEJ^ sec. 14... F 350 Dg Young alluvium. 568 NEMNW^sec. 14...... do.. .- F 352.2 ErS 19 96 Do. 569 SE^NWM sec. 21...... H 372 70 3 B edrock. T. 18 S., R. 5 W. 570 SEKSE^sec. 7._. -..-.. V 253 Dg 17 48 Old alluvium. 571 SWJ^NWJi sec 8 1885? V 251.1 Dg 32'22 9 12 Do. 572 SWMNEJ^sec. 10...... V 256 Dn iJi Do. 573 do 1929 V 249 Dr 69^ 8 69 Black sand. 574 V 253. 5 20.7 60 Old alluvium. 575 1905 V 252.9 S! 20.5 60 Do. 576 SWJiSEJi sec. 13- C. F. Hurlburt.-- __ ... _ .. . __ .. _ F 247 Dn 33 iK 28 33 Gravel. 577 NWMNEJisec. 22...... V 250 Dr Bedrock. 578 SWMNWJisec. 26.__... Winkle School . __ . __ - ...... V 255 Dn 33 Vi Old alluvium. 579 SE^SWJi sec. 34...... V 264.3 Dn 27.4 Do. T. 13 S., R. 4 W. 580 SEJ^NWJ^ sec 5 1921 F 241 Dg 31 IX Young alluvium. 581 SE^NWMsec. 16... _ . 1895 V 258.5 Dg 28 36 Old alluvium. ( 26 4 582 __ .do... ____ ...... do.-...... 1924 V 258 Dn 30-45 1« \ 36 9 JGravel. 583 NWkfNE^ sec. 33...... O. Martin... ______. V 271 Dn 23 li* Old alluvium. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level Depth Below ' No. . to Tem­ Above Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture sea low (+)) lor 2 cased Type* lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet) ? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

559 21J^ 560 P D,S 330.1 0.6 H7.39 Aug. 12, 1936 561 43 P D Top of concrete foundation of 341 3.6 11.6 Aug. 2, 1928..... dwelling 562 C 200 I 563 31 L 564 io+3 Flowing well. Bedrock at 20 feet. 565 36 Loam 8 feet, gravel and sand 28 feet, "clay and boul­ ders" (tuff ?) 46 feet, "hard rock" (basalt ?) at 82 feet. 566 85 PI 125 P 54 345 5.05 Aug. 2, 1928--.. Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 567 C 300 I 352. 35 11 13. 9 568 19 C 400 I (Top of 6- by 8-inch pump sup- .2 Aug. 17, 1928 > Irrigates 16 acres. [ port. 353. 15 1.0 15.35 Aug. 19, 1936 569 L D 55 372 .2 22.7 Aug. 2, 1928. . 570 P D 254 1.5 12.6 Aug. 14, 1928 571 P D 252.01 .9 11 10. 03 Aug. 12, 1936 Backfilled around concrete-tile casing. 572 30 P D Top of casing (remo ve. cap) .... 258 1.5 12.9 Aug. 14, 1928 573 55 O In 250 1.2 10.25 July 24, 1929...- 574 S 253. 80 .3 11 16. 78 July 8, 1936 575 N ---do....-..--...... 253. 52 .6 11 12. 96 . .do. . 576 30 L D 248 .7 18.45 Aug. 16, 1928 577 Flowing well. 578 30 P D Top of casing (remove coup­ 255 .4 14.0 Aug. 14, 1928 . ling). 579 P D 267. 08 2.8 11 17. 23 Aug. 12, 1936 580 P D 54 244 2.7 18.7 Aug. 13, 1928..- Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Backfilled around IH-inch casing. fn 15. 5 do ...... 581 N 258.49 .0 X 15.94 Aug. 12, 1936 582 PI 30 S Three wells 18 feet apart, at apexes of triangle sur­ rounding well 581; pumped jointly. 583 23 P S Lower valve seat of pump. .... 273 2.4 15.8 Aug. 16, 1928 See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 00 Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 3 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Types Depth « ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion i level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T, 18 8., R. S W. 584 NWJ^NWM sec 7 1915 V 262 Dr 40 10 Old alluvium. f 35 3 585 SWJ4NEJ4 sec. 7 __ _ 1925 V 265 Dr \ 49 4 } « 4 Gravel. 586 SWMSWJ4 sec. 18 __ _ . R. W. Shepard _ _. _ -. _ V 266 Dn 42 1M 40 Do. 587 SWJiNEMsec. 21. ______J. W. Bowers ______V 274 Dn 24 W Old alluvium. 588 ... -_do_.. - do V 274 Dg Do. 589 SWJ^NWM sec 30 1895 V 273.0 Dn 25.8 Do. 590 SW^SWJisec. 3k._ __ V 285.0 Dn 18 iJi Do. T. 14 S., R. 6 W. 591 SE^SEMsec. 11 ___._._- H 400 Dr 100 6 95 5 Sandstone- 592 SEJ£SEJ£sec. 12. _ _ __ 1900? H 390 Dr 240 4 Bedrock. 593 NWMSEJisec. 24. _.__,_ J. W. Peek . _ _ 1929 H 325 Dr 111 4 105 6 Coarse sandstone. T. 14 S., R. 6 W. 594 SW^SEJi sec. 3. ... _ _. V 266 Dn 26 3-1M Old alluvium. 595 . _do__ _ __ - - V 266 Dn 34 30 4 Gravel. 596 SEKSEMsec. 10______V? 267.4 Dn 19 6 4 Old alluvium (?). 597 NWMsec. 20_____-___ 1936 H 300 Dr 170 160 10 Coarse sandstone. 598 NWJ^NEKsec. 26____,_ F 278 Dn 23 J* Young alluvium. 599 NEMNWJ-i sec. 28______H 390 Dr 140 Shale. 600 do 1925 H 400 Dr 268 3 265± Sandstone, yellow. 601 NWJiNEJi sec. 33__.._. 1914 V 285 Dr 103 8 Bedrock. 602 SWJ^NEM sec. 33. ______1905? V 286.4 Dr 61.3 3 Do. 603 SWJ4NW& sec 34 1910 F 285.2 Dn 24.0 Young alluvium (?). 604 SEJ^SWMsec. 36 __ __ M. L. Hewitt__ _ .._ ._.__ . ______F 284.9 Dn 17.2 Do. T. 14 S.,R.4 W. 605 SEJ^NEM sec. 1_ - _ V 282 Dn 46 «i- 38 8 Gravel. 606 _-.-do_-. _-. .... _ 1905 V 282 /Dg 28 120 Old alluvium. \ Dr 28-72 4 } 607 NE^NW^sec. 5______3. H. Suvtor. .-_.___.__-_._-.______-___-. V 269. 5 Dn 23.4 1J* Do. 608 SEJ^NWMsec. 5. ______1927 V 271.7 Dr 50 6 Do. 609 NWJ^NEMsec. 7-_____. V 273 Dn 27 Itf Do. 610 NEliNW^ sec. 9.__ .... 3. E. Yoder. ____._...___._.._._..__.._.___ 1915? V 275 Dr 300 Bedrock. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water « Above low above Remarks (gal­ ture sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type« lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date' (feet) amin (feet) 7 land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

584 PI 30 In 262 0.3 11.7 July 27, 1928-... 585 49 C 300 I 109 Two wells pumped jointly. Irrigate 7 acres. 586 36 P D 268 2.3 17.5 Aug. 16, 1928 587 P D 278 3.5 9.5 - do.. ... 588 S 274 .0 5.35 Aug. 2, 1929.-.-, 50 yards northeast of well 587. 589 P S 274. 53 1.5 11 10. 97 July29, 1936 - / n 9. 5 Aug. 16, 1928-.- 590 18 P D 287.5 2.5 \ 8.97 Aug. 19, 1936_ _.. 591 92 L D Soil 3 feet, "clay" (decomposed shale ?) 57 feet, clay and shale alternating 35 feet, sandstone 5 feet. 592 N 10 4 Replaced by well 61 feet deep. 593 68 D Flows y% gallon a minute (by gas lift ?) . 594 26 P N 268 2.2 » 17. 4 Aug. 14, 1928-.- 595 32 PI D 50.5 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. f:i 16. 0 July 4, 1929 596 19 P S 270. 39 2.9 \ 16.34 597 20 D,S Flows y% gallon a minute. 598 23 P D,S 281 2.7 18.5 Aug. 15, 1928- __ 599 L D.S 600 L D 601 L 25 D,N Former public-supply well, draft 7,500 gallons a day. 602 P 287. 58 1.2 n 14. 24 Aug. 13, 1936.--. Struck bedrock at 15 feet. 603 P S 287. 65 2.4 H13.77 do 604 P S do _ - - 286. 88 2.0 n 16. 54 do - - 605 35 PI 3 D 606 PI 50 P 54 Top of 8- by 8-inch timber.. _ 274 -7.2 11 9. 85 Aug. 16, 1928.-- Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Initially drilled 650 feet deep, struck bedrock (shale) at 75-100 feet, strong mineral water at depth; well plugged at 72 feet. 607 PI D 273.0 3.5 11 17. 43 Feb. 26, 1936... . f" 15. 65 do--.. 608 N N 271.87 .2 \ 16.00 Aug. 12, 1936 __ 609 PI S 277 3.7 23.7 Aug. 16, 1928-.. . 610 Strong salt water, flowed by artesian pressure; well destroyed. See footnotes at end of table. CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued 10 o Height Principal water-bearing bed No. Topo­ Di­ on Year graphic above Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type » Depth * ameter Thick­ pis. 1 level Depth or 2 pleted tion' (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 14 S., JR. 4 W. Con. 611 NE^NWMsec. 15 .__ East Lake Creek School, district 101 ... V 284 Dn 20 IK Old alluvium. 612 NE^SWJCsec. 19...... V 283 Dn 24+ 1M Do. 613 SEJiNEJisec. 26 B. E. CogswelL... _--_...... V 294.6 Dg 15H 6 13H 14 Gravel. 614 NWKSEHsec. 28. ______Busey School, district 44_...... _ . V 292 Dn 32 ifc Old alluvium. 615 SWJ^SEKsec. 28...... F. J. George.. __ ... ______.... _ ... 1900? V 293.2 Dn 17.0 T. 14 S., R. 3 W. 616 SW^SWM sec. 15_ Mrs. R. Toedtemeier ___ .. __ ...... V 307 Dg 24 48 Old alluvium. 617 SEMSEJOec. 18 . Brandon School, district 134 ...... V 294 Dn 24 1M Do. 618 SE^NEMsec. 28...... 1925? V 311.9 Dn 35.5 Do. 619 SWMSEMsec. 32 ..._ E. D. Lowell ___ ...... V 305 Dn 18. 1M Do. T. 14 S., JR. % W.

620 NWJiNWM sec. 7 1928 V 328 Dr 35 3 32 3 Sand and gravel. 621 NE^NW^sec. 7 ... Mrs. Ed. Halloway. __ _ ...... 1915? V 332.1 Dr 76 4 Old alluvium (?). 622 NWMSWM sec. 7...... T. O. Isom...... 1928 V 330 Dr 74 6 71 3 Bottom of basalt. T. 15 S., JR. 5W. 623 NWJ4SWM sec. 9...... H 420 Dr 204 4 200± Shale. 624 NEJiNE^sec. ll.._.... Samuel Doidge estate. ___ -. __ . __ . F 291 Dn 23 1J* Young alluvium. 625 SWJ^NWM sec 24 V 306 Dn 20+ IJi Old alluvium. 626 SWMSWM sec. 34...... Southern Pacific Railroad __ ----- _ _ V 317 Dg 14 48 Gravel. T. IS S., R. 4 W. 627 SWJiSWJisec. I..- .... F. D. ~KTOpt...... V 310 Dn. 32 ifc 28 4 Do. 627H do,.....- - ... ..do...... V 310 20 36 Old alluvium. 628 SEJ£NEJ£sec. 7 ._ Pearl Adams ______. F 290 20± Young alluvium. 629 SWMNEJisec. 8...... Kuehner. _ ...... __ _....-.-...... _._ F 290 ssDg 20± Do. 630 SE^SEM sec. 9 ... C. M. Spone...... _. ... 1927 V 307.3 Dn 20.7 Old alluvium. 631 NEMNEMsec. 16... H. F. MeKisdort...... V 308 f Dg 30 120 Do. \ Dn 30-60 3 J} 632 SEJiNWJisec. 20...... Lancaster School...... __. V 311 Dn 23+ 1M Do. 633 .do...... Mrs. Inghram _ ...... _ ..___ V 312.9 Dn 22.1 Do, TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water « ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea '(-)) (+)) lor 2 cased Type« lons (C F.) Description level meas­ Dates (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet) 'en P D 286 2.4 14.3 Aug. 15, 1928 612 24+ P D, S ...... do... _ 287 3.8 23.0 Aug. 23, 1928 /» 10. 6 Aug. 18, 1928- __ 613 15 P S 294. 56 .0 1 12. 14 Aug. 12, 1936.-- JBaekfilled around tile casing. 614 30 P . D 295 2.8 14.0 Aug. 15, 1928 615 P N 294.6 1.4 11 13. 32 Aug. 12,1936 616 20 P N do-. ' 309 1.7 11 18. 4 617 24 P D do 296 2.5 f2.8 Aug. 18, 1928. 618 P N -do 314.4 2.5 11 22. 64 619 P S do.-... ._ 308 2.8 10.0 Aug. 18,1928_--. 620 28 L D Top of 4-inch coupling on 328 .4 4.35 Bottoms on hard rock (basalt?). casing. 621 P D 332.3 .2 11 5. 09 Aug. 19, 1936 _ 622 P D 330 .5 7.6 Aug. 18, 1928. Struck bedrock (basalt ? ) at 8 feet. 623 30± P Soil 3 feet, "clay" (decomposed bedrock ?) 21 feet, shale 180 feet. 624 23 P D 296 4.6 15.7 625 20 P D do. 309 3.0 11.65 Aug. 23, 1928 626 14 N 317 .0 11.6 do-- 627 24 PI D 627H N N 311 .9 9.7 Aug. 15, 1928 10 feet northeast of well 627. Backfilled around 6-inch concrete tile. 628 100 I 629 100 I 630 P D §09.18 1.9 11 15. 39 Aug. 13, 1936-.. 631 60 PI 125 P 55 307 -1.0 11 17. 4 Aug. 15, 1928 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Draw-down, about 8 feet. 632 P D 314 2.7 19.2 ..do-...... 633 P N __ .do... _ ...... --.. 315. 72 2.8 11 20. 64 Aue. 13. 1936 See footnotes at end of table. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued to to Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic pis. 1 Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth t ameter Depth Thick­ or 2 pleted tion l level (inches) to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet) o T. 15 S., R. 4 W.-Con. I'M 634 SW^NEiisec. 22- T V 316 Dn 20 Old alluvium. 635 NEJ4SWJ4 sec. 32_ ...... V 322 Dg 45 84 Do. 636 NWJ4SWJ4 sec 32 V 323.4 Dg 20 96 Gravel. 637 do - .. do -_--_ 1938 V 322 Dr M50 8 68 132 Sand and gravel with clav. 638 SEViSWMsec. 32 J. H. Miller & Sons V 322 Dr 189 4 186 Old alluvium (?). 639 _-_ do.. ... ___ __do__ _ --_- _ - V 322 Dr 247 4 242 Do. 640 SE^NEMsec. 36 . V 330 Dn 20 1H Do. T. 15 S., R. 3 W. 641 SWJ4NEJ4 sec. 2__---.-. 1929 V 322 Dr 180 3 175 5 Bedrock. 642 NE^NEM sec. i0______V 339 Dr 100+ 3 Bedrock (?). 643 V 376. 1 Dn 15.0 m Old alluvium. 644 SWMNWM sec. 12 1929 V 385 Dr 52 3 Bedrock. 645 NWMNEM sec 19 V 326.1 Dg 13 48 Old alluvium. 646 do.._ do V 328 Dn 15.8 3 Do. 647 NEMNEMsec. 29. V 336 Dn 23 1M Do. T.16S.,R.5 W. 648 NEJ4SWJ4 sec 1 V 323 Dn 17+ Ui Gravel. 649 NW^SW^sec. 10 3. W. Cleft V 327.1 Dn 19.3 Slope wash (?). 650 SEJ^SWMsec. 23 V 340 Dn 22+ 13* Old alluvium. T. 16 S., R. 4 W. 651 SW^SEJ^sec. 2 _.__.__. F 325 Dg Young alluvium. 652 SEMSW^sec. 8_. ... V 337 Dn 15 Ui Gravel. 653 NE^NE^sec. 14. ______F 346 Dg lO1^ 72 Young alluvium. 654 NWMNWi-i sec. 14 _____ 1928 F 338 Dg VA 52 Do. 655 NEJiSWJ^see. 21- G. W. Bond & Sons V 345 Dr 90 12 Old alluvium (?). 656 ..do ...... do. _ __ _ V 345 Dr 100± 4 Do. 657 SW^SWM sec. 26- . do ...... _ V 360 Dr 40 12 Gravel. 658 SEMNEJ^sec. 27 .. ... V 358 Dn IJi Young alluvium. 659 SEi4 sec. 27_. -_-______- Dunn____ _ ...... V 358 DK 30 Old alluvium. TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pacity Above above Remarks pis. well is (gal­ water 6 ture low lor 2 Types sea (+)) cased lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

634 P S 319 3.4 12.6 Aug. 23, 1928 635 N Formerly with plunger pump, 400 gallons a minute, which emptied well in about 15 minutes. ( H8.9 Aug. 23, 1928-- 636 20 F 323.4 .0 \ 9.32 Aug. 20, 1936--- 637 377 N N 323 1.4 10.58 June29, 1938-_- Public supply contemplated. Struck bedrock (not water-bearing) at 233 feet. Tested capacity reported, 400 gallons a minute; draw-down, 39 feet. 638 100 PI 140 P 54 103 Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Draw-down reported, 10 feet. 639 100 PI 80 P do. 10 6 Draw-down reported, 3 feet. 640 20 N N 338 1.5 8.1 Aug. 20, 1928-__ 641 Salty water. Well entered bedrock at 34 feet. 642 N N 341 1.8 9.05 Aug. 18, 1928 643 P N 379. 47 3.4 11 14. 94 Aug. 20, 1936- - 644 D Bedrock at 22 feet. 645 13 P S ?Top of well deck.---.- __ -_ . 326.1 .0 11 11. 1 Aug. 18", 1928 \Top of brick curb-. 325.9 -.2 11.15 Aug. 20, 1936--- 646 P D Lower valve seat of pump ..... 329 .8 100 feet south of well 645. 647 23 P D 338 1.8 9.75 Aug. 20, 1928- 648 17 P S 323 .0 6.6 Aug. 23, 1928- 649 P S 327. 31 .2 11 5.08 Aug. 20, 1936.--- 650 22 P S 343 2.9 11 14. 2 Aug. 24, 1928..-^ 651 N N Former irrigation well. 652 P S 339 2.3 7.45 Aug. 24, 1928 653 16 V 500 I 58 346 .0 11 5.1 Aug. 22, 1928--_ Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Irrigates 18 acres. 654 C 300 I do- 338 .3 3.9 Aug. 24, 1928- - Irrigates 3 acres. 655 I Capacity, about 15 gallons a minute. 656 I Three wells, pumped jointly with well 655. Aggregate capacity, about 75 gallons a minute for 4 hours. 657 C 325 I 103 658 p D 360 1.5 15.0 Aug. 24, 1928 659 N Yield inadequate for irrigation. See footnotes at end of table. bo CO TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued fcO Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Year above Di­ on graphic Location Owner or user- com­ situa­ sea Type s Depth « ameter Thick­ pis. 1 pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 16 S., R. 4 W Con. 660 V 351 Dn 11+ 1M Old alluvium. 661 SW34NWM sec 30 V 346.3 Dn 14.2 Do. T. 16 S., R. 8 W. 662 NE^SWMsec. 4__ V 353 Dg 9.3 48 Do. 663 SWJ^NEMsec. 17. Mrs. A. G. Pirtle.. 1905? V 369.6 Dn 20.5 Do. 664 SWJ^SE^sec. 17 1905? V 376.4 Dn 15.0 Do. 665 SEMNWMsec. 18 V 360 Dr 20+ P 666 NW^SE^sec. 30_ .-- 1928 F 370 Dg 10 72 Coarse gravel. 667 -..-do...... do. ... F 370 Dg 10M 66 Young alluvium. 668 . do ... . do 1928 F 373 Dg 10.2 72 Do. 669 NE^NEJ-i sec. 31 _ F 380 Dg 9 66 Do. 670 NEJ^NE^sec. 31 F 375 Dg 9^ 60 Do. 671 NW^NEJi sec. 31 1928 F 374 Dg HJ* 72 Do/ 672 SWJ-INEMsec. 31.. . Keefer F 370 Dg 6A1 54 Do. 673 F 375 5g 10J* 66 Do. 674 NW^NEJ^sec. 32...... F 385 Dg 3^ 120 Do. 675 NE^NWM sec. 32_ _. F 387 Dg 12 60 Do. 676 SWMNWJi sec. 32 ... F 384 Dg 12 78 Do. 677 SEJiNWJ^ sec. 32 F 384 Dg 12H 60 Do. 678 SWJ£NEJ£sec. 32. Clyde Sidwell 1928 F 386 Dg 25 60 7 12 Sand and pebbles. 679 F 388 Dg 18 Young alluvium. 680 do. . __ F 389.2 Dg 18^ 72 Do. 681 NE^SEJ^ sec. 32...... F 385 Dg 8 72 Coarse gravel. 682 NEJ£SW& sec. 32. F 385 Dg 13 72 Young alluvium. 683 SE^SWM sec. 32...... F 385 Dg 10 72 Do. 684 F 390 Dg 11 72 Do.

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. well is pacity water « ture Above low above Remarks (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type* lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

660 11 P D 352 1.4 8.0 Aug. 24, 1928 661 N N 348. 78 2.5 11 7. 91 Aug. 20, 1938 662 P D 353 .0 8.2 Aug. 20, 1928-.-. 663 P D 373.8 4.2 11 6. 48 Mar. 19, 1936..., 664 P / 11 7. 02 - do-- . N .. do--.- ...... 379. 59 3.2 \ 9.69 Aug. 20, 1936 665 L D 362 2.4 10.85 Aug. 20, 1928 , 666 10 V 400 I Top of timber curb...... 370 .0 5.8 Aug. 22, 1928..-, 667 10 160 I -.-..do--...... :...... 370 .0 5.2 .- _ do.... 668 10 V 300 I -.-.-do...... 370 .0 8.8 .....do-...... Draw-down reported, 0.7 foot. 669 O 300 I .....do...... 379 3.0 10.0 Aug. 21, 1928 . 670 N I -...do...... 375 .0 6.0 .... -do-...,.... . 671 11^ O 350 I --..do...... 374 .0 9.1 do.. 672 O 250 I 370 4.0 ..... do...... 673 10 O 300 I 375 .1 8.1 .... .do-...... 674 c 300 »1.5 675 I 385 -2.0 4.1 Aug. 20, 1928 676 I 386 1.6 10.3 Aug. 21, 1928 677 o 450 I .---do..-...... 384 10.8 678 o 120 I 387 -1.0 11.1 Aug. 20, 1928 679 450 I 10 e 680 18^ 400 flop of timber curb-... _ . .... 389. 20 .0 11 12. 45 Aug. 21, 1928 o I (Inner lip of 36-inch concrete- 388. 98 -.2 12.15 Aug. 20, 1936. _ JDraw-down reported, 5 feet. tile casing. 681 V 600 I 388 2.5 10.4 Aug. 22, 1928 Located in shallow pit. 682 13 c I 386 -.5 10.3 Aug. 21, 1928 683 10 c 300 I 7.0 684 11 o 350 I 392 1.9 7.2 ..... do .. 685 26 PI 200 P 400 1.5 19.8 Aug. 22, 1928 686 80 20 feet east of well 685. No water-bearing beds below 20 feet in depth, well wholly in bluish-gray "muck" (shale ?) below 58 feet. See footnotes at end of table. fcO Cn TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued to Principal water-bearing bed Topo­ Height No. Di­ Year graphic above on Location Owner or user com­ situa­ sea Type » Depth * ameter Thick­ pls.l pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion ! to top ness Character (feet) 2 (feet) (feet)

T. 17 S.,E.6 W. 687 NE^NEKsec. 25...... V 394 Dn 18^ 1* Old alluvium. 688 T 415 Dr 75-93 72 3 Sand. T. 17 S., E. 5 W. 689 Red Oak School, district 121 ___ ...... T 392 Dn 24 1M Terrace deposit. 690 T 393 Dg 22 36 Do. 691 NE^NEKsec. 20.._..__ T 375 Dg 21 48 Gravel. 692 T 376 Dn 21+ IM Terrace deposit. T. 17 S., R. 4 W. 693 SWJiNWJOec. 3_ __ V 374.2 Dg 19 Old alluvium. 694 SWKSWJi sec 3 V 374 Dg 15 60 Do. 695 NWKSWK sec 8 V 366 Dn 25+ IM Do. 696 SEKsec. 12. ______F 380 Dr 40± 10 Young alluvium. 697 NEMNWK sec. 13 _ C. B. Shaflner______.. ______. F 388 Dn 17 1« 7 10 Fine gravel. 698 ..._ do...__ - -.-do F 388 Dg 13 30 10 3 Gravel. 699 SWKSW^sec. 20. ______1932 V 377.4 Dn 32.2 Old alluvium. 700 SEMSEJOec. 21______.__ V 383 Dr 19 3 Do. 701 SWKSEK sec. 23. .__..__ Bethel School V 399 Dr »106 4 104 2 Gravel, cemented. 702 SEKSWJi sec. 26 _____ 1923? V 400.3 Dn 17.7 Old alluvium. 703 SEKNEKsec. 26 . V 403 Dn 18 .IK Do. T. 17 S., R. S W. 704 NWKNWJisec. 4. ... F 392 Dg 6 66 Young alluvium. 705 NEJisec. 7 . ~ F 396 Dr 70 3 68 2 Gravel. 706 NEMNEJisec. 16______V 420 Dn 22 IK Old alluvium. 707 NEKNE^sec. 20_ 1905? V 422.5 Dn 16.7 i« Do. 708 SE^NWKsec. 20...... V 418 Dn 17+ IK Do. 709 SWKSEK sec. 20.. ______J. 0. Holt F 412 Dn 17 2 Young alluvium. 710 SWKSEKsec. 24 V 452 Dg 18 48 Old alluvium. 711 SWMSEK sec. 28.. ______V 430 Dg 16.7 36 Do. 712 .. do...... V 431 Dg 20 48 Do. 713 NWKNEK sec. 31 1922 V 422 Dr 499 4 Basalt. 714 SWMNEK sec. 31. ______V 420 Dr 142 4 Bedrock (?). 715 TsJWlx'TxJWlx' QPP 39 1929 F 410 Dg 20 72 Gravel. 716 _ ..do_ __ _._...... __ __ do.... _ ... ______.. _ ...... Dr J 100± ioo± Bedrock (basalt ?). TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level Depth No. to Tem­ Above Below Ca­ pera­ (or be­ (or on which pacity Use of Above above Remarks DlS. well is water fl ture low (gal­ sea (+)) for 2 cased Type* lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Dates (feet) a min­ (feet)' land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

687 P D 396 2.4 14.9 Aug. 24, 1928.... 688 T 100 In,F 10 18-20 Draw-down reported, about 30 feet. Three simjlar wells. Yellow "sandstone" 72 feet, black sand 3 feet, gravel 18 feet. 689 P D 396 3.8 20.2 Aug. 24, 1928 690 B D 52.0 394 .7 18.5 _ __do ___ . ... Chemical analysis of water in table 9. Yield, 600 to 1,000 gallons a day. 691 P S 377 1.7 18.1 Aug. 25, 1928 692 21± P D 379 2.8 9.8 ..... do...... _ (Top of collar on 3-inch stand- 11 14. 3 Sept. 23, 1929 . 693 P D, S l pipe. }376. 77 2.6J 14.47 Sept. 24, 1936 694 15 PI 25 I 374 .0 »9.1 Aug. 24, 1928. 695 25 P D 54.5 367 2.6 12.4 ... __do__...... Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 696 C 300 I Many other irrigation wells in vicinity, mostly dug. 697 17 PI 40 I 107 698 13 N N 390 1.5 7.6 Aug. 2~5~, 1928 . 699 P 380.1 2.7 11 9.48 Aug. 27, 1936..,. 700 L D 384 .5 8.1 Aug. 25, 1928.1 - 701 104 P 702 P 402. 32 2.0 11 12. 99 Aug. 27, 1936.... 703 P S -. do...... 405 1.8 11.5 Aug. 25, 1928 704 6 C I 392 .0 1.9 Aug. 21, 1928 705 70 D 706 22 P 424 3.5 19.2 Aug. 22, 1928 707 P D 427. 24 4.7 11 17. 55 Aug. 27, 1936 708 17 N N 421 3.4 16.4 Aug. 25, 1928 709 PI 40 I Irrigates 7 acres. 710 18 PI 10 I 451 -i.6 14.05 Aug. 25", 1928 Irrigates 2 acres. 711 C 75 I 54 430 .0 12 13. 2 July 21, 1928- Chemical analysis of water in table 9. 712 C 350 I Top of upper tee in discharge 430 -1.0 11 14. 7 pipe. 713 34 N Flows less than 10 gallons a minute; well abandoned as inadequate. 714 PI 50 In 10 12-17 2 pumps operate steadily. 715 20 C 200 In .... do ..... 10 15. 5 Draw-down reported, 0.7 foot. 716 100± A 1 of five drilled wells abandoned as inadequate. to See footnotes at end of table, SI TABLE 11. Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued fcO 00 Topo­ Height Principal water-bearing bed No. Year above Di­ on com­ graphic Location Owner or user situa­ sea Type 3 Depth * ameter Thick­ pls.l pleted level (inches) Depth or 2 tion i (feet) .2 to top ness Character (feet) (feet)

T. 17 S., R. S W. Con. 717 SEJ^SEJi sec. 35...... V 455 Dr 100 3 80 10 Crevices in basalt. 718 ..... do...... 1929 V 455 Dr 150 4 19 Gravel. do - . (JL Crevices in shale. T. 18 S., R. 6 W. 719 SEJiSE^ sec. 1 ...... T 458 Dg 22 48 Terrace deposit. 720 W. A. Smith T 460 Dg 28 36 Do. T. 18 S., R. B W. 721 NEJ^NEJisec. 4...... T 392 Dg 24 48 Do. T. 18 S., R. 4 W. 722 SWJiNEJisec. 14. . M. E. Furrow.. . ______- ___ H 850 Dr »665 5 347 18 Sandstone. T. 18 S., R. S W. 723 H 575 Dr 1,102 6 724 NEJiSWM sec. 4...... 1915 H 950 Dr 807 4 803 4 Basalt. 725 NEJiNEM sec. 5.. ... Will Jewett ...... _ _ .. H 545 Dr 610 4 40 Decomposed bedrock (?). 726 SWJiSEJi sec. 5 H 595 Dr 3,000 130 5 "Sand." 727 SWJiNW&sec. 7.. 1929 H 760 Dr 225 4Ji Shale. 728 SWJiNWJi sec. 26. . C. Hoftman ______...... H 665 Dr 380 Bedrock. T. 19 S., R. S W. 729 SWJtfNWJf sec. 14 1925 T 550 Dr 191 8 180d= "Sandstone." T.WS.,R.S W. 730 NEJtfsec. 27 V 635' Dr 215 3 Bedrock. f 346 34 Coarse sandstone. 731 SWJiNWJi sec. 28 . H 875 Dr 1,403 _._ i 471 15 Sandstone. I 811 3 Fine sandstone. 732 SEJ£ sec. 28. . V 640 Dr 60 Bedrock (?). TABLE 11, Records of wells in the Willamette Valley and adjacent area, Oregon Continued

Pump Measuring point Water level

Depth Below No. to Ca­ Tem­ Above on which Use of pera­ (or be­ (or pis. pacity water « ture Above low above Remarks well is (gal­ sea (+)) lor 2 cased Type 5 lons (°F.) Description level (-)) meas­ Date 8 (feet) a min­ (feet)? land uring ute) surface point (feet) (feet)

717 35 A 120 P we 2 wells pumped jointly. Struck bedrock at 32 feet. 718 35 A 125 P Struck bedrock at 34 feet. 719 P D 459 1.4 6.5 Aug. 25, 1928-.-- 720 4 P D 461 1.0 11.5 _--do - - 721 L D, S 393 1.0 20.1 -.-do ..... 722 5 L D, S 723 N Very small yield of water. Well abandoned. 724 L 25 D "150 725 N No water-bearing beds below 40 feet; well abandoned as inadequate. 726 N Test well for petroleum; few or no water-bearing beds at depth. 727 62 L D i"50 728 729 L 80 P w s 730 C 50 - do --.------104 731 N Test well for petroleum. Chemical character of water or yield of water-bearing beds not reported. 732 N Well abandoned as inadequate.

1 F, Flood plain, low terrace, or valley below the main valley plain; V, main valley 6 D, Domestic; F, fire protection; I, irrigation or maintenance of grounds; In, industrial; plain; T, terrace above the main valley plain; H, hillside. N, none; P, public supply; S, stock. 2 Height above sea level is given in feet and tenths if determined by spirit leveling; in 7 If expressed in feet and decimals, by spirit leveling; in whole feet, by precise aneroid or by interpolation. whole feet if determined by precise aneroid or by interpolation from topographic maps. 8 Water-level data for 1928-30 by the United States Geological Survey; for 1935-36 by 8 Dr, Drilled; Dg, dug; Dn, driven;, B, bored. the United States Engineer Department. 4 Depths expressed in feet and tenths are measured; those in whole feet are reported or 9 Driller's record in table 12. approximate. »° Reported. «A, Air lift; B, bucket and windlass; C, centrifugal; L, lift; P, pitcher; PI, plunger; » Additional water-level data in table 13. T, turbine; V, vertical centrifugal. 12 Pumping level.

fcO CO 130 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells [Based largely on drillers' records. Stratigraphic correlations, by A. M. Piper, are tentative] I.1 Scappoose Dike District [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen in 1928] Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) Clay and gravel______20 20 Sand and gravel______13 33 Sand______26 59 Sand and pea gravel.______7 66 Pea gravel______7 73 Sand and pea gravel______14 87 Sand______,______20 107 Gravel, cemented______17 124 4. Owner unknown [Drilled by R. J. Strasser Drilling Co. in 1931. Deepest well on Sauvie Island] ., . Thickness Depth Aluvmm: (/«<) (/ee<) Silt and sand______103 103 Unclassified: "Sandstone"______87 190 Gravel______10 200 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: "Shale," blue; yields "salt" water.______32 232 Sand, fine, lower half packed______32 264 Clay, variegated______111 375 Sandstone______3 378 Rock, central part soft______9 387 22. Masonic and Eastern Star Home [Drilled by A..M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1929] A11 . Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet)

27. Terminal Ice & Cold Storage Co. [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen in 1914] A11 . Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Unknown.______31 31 Gravel, loose______31 62 Unclassified: Gravel, cemented______118 180 Sand and blue clay, compact______------__- 65 245 1 Numbers of wells in this table correspond with the numbers used in table 11. WELL RECORDS 131

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued 27. Terminal Ice & Cold Storage Co. Continued ni J.J1J j.- j? TT i /n\ Thickness Depth Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): (jeet) (fee) Unknown______11 256 Gravel, cemented, and sand_-_-_---___-__----_----__-_- 58 314 Gravel, cemented, and clay______10 324 Clay, yellow, blue, and red______61 385 Yakima basalt (?): Basalt; soft porous zones at 416}£, 517-525, and 540±-551). feet; water chiefly at 478 feet but also at 465 feet- ______166% 551% 31. Corvallis Creamery Co. [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co.] A ,, . Thickness Depth Alluvium: (jeet) (jeet) Clay______25 25 Sand and gravel, cemented, upper part water-bearing____ 10 35 Gravel, cemented____-_---_--___--___-____-____-_____- 19 54 Sand and gravel, water-bearing______3 57 Unclassified: Gravel, cemented____-__--_-_-______63 120 Gravel, loosely cemented, water-bearing.______10 130 Gravel, cemented, interstratified with clay ______30 160 Clay and gravel, water-bearing in part ______12 172 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): "Shale," blue and brown, lower part sandy ______39 211 Gravel, cemented______5 216 "Shale," blue sandy; cemented sand______38 254 Gravel, cemented--__-_-__-_--__---____--___-__-_---_- 9 263

32. Lloyd Corporation, Inc. [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1930-31] .,, . Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Sand, white, packed.______77 77 Gravel, cemented______59 136 Gravel, cobbles, and boulders, cemented______9 145 Fine sand (?), in part clayey; cobbles in one 3-foot zone___ 30 175 Clay, sandy in part-______30 205 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): "Sandrock,"soft__---_-_-_-----__-_---___--__----_-_- 10 215 Sand, fine; packed in lower part-.------.I,.----- 70 285 Sand_--___-______-_____-______-.___-____-______5 290 Clay, blue, and gravel______11 301 Clay, blue______45 346 Sand, fine______-______-___--___-____-_ 9 355 Sand and clay______42 397 Sand, fine at top, coarsens toward bottom______48 445 Clay, sandy______25 470 Sand-__-______-_____--_-__-____-______-______-__-__ 8 478 Clay, sandy______9 487 Sarid__--______-______-______14 501 132 GROUND WATEK OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

33. So-called Ladd well [Drilled about 1885 and long ago abandoned. Record from photostat copy in flies of Surveys Division City of Portland] . . . Thickness Depth Aluvmm: (feet) (feet) Earth, clayey sand, and "drift" sand_____--__--_____ 100 100 Sand, clay, and gravel______20 120 Sand, with boulders of basalt and "granite"______20 140 Boulders and gravel with layers of sand, water-bearing, ___ 40 180 Gravel and sand______20 200 Boulders, cobbles, and pebbles______20 220 Gravel and coarse sand, with layers of sand and "con­ glomerate" ______110 330 Sand and fine basaltic gravel______26 356 Sand, coarse and fine______4 360 Clay, sand, and "granite" boulders in alternate layers____ 45 405 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): "Marl" and compact clay, in part sandy; fossil wood and plants______315 720 Sand, fine and coarse, with gravel---_--_-----_-_------10 730 "Marl" and compact shale, with gravel and layers of soft fine "sandstone"______120 850 Clayey shale with layers of fine sand and plentiful fossil wood and plants______150 1,000 Fine micaceous sand, white and compact; coarse basaltic sand and fine gravel.______80 1, 080 Conglomerate, shale, and "marl," with iron-stained sand and fossil plants______120 1,200 Coarse sand and gravel, basaltic..______50 1, 250 "Marl," fine and sandy; soft shale with iron-stained gravel and fossil plants-_--______-___-__-___---__---.--_--- 50 1,300 Yakima basalt (?): "Granite"...______400 1, 700 44. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 85 [Drilled by P. Steinman in 1937] 41 . Thickness Depth Aluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay, yellow. ______.__ 18 18 Sandy clay, blue______77 95 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age (?), undifferentiated: Clay, alternately blue and yellow.------.-.-----.------138 233 'Clay, red, with fragmental rock; water-bearing.______4 237 Clay, yellow and red, water-bearing______108 345 "Hardpan"______.______. 20 365 "Solid rock"___.______-__-__-__-----_- 10 375 WELL RECORDS 133

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

53. Aaron Frank, well 2 [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1938. Record below 460 feet in depth from cuttings] TT , .,. , Thickness Depth Unclassified: (feet) (feet) Clay, sticky______._.______460 460 Decomposed tuff (?), yellowish drab ______10 470 Yakima (?) basalt: Basalt, dense, microcrystalline in part______145 615 Basalt, vesicular, slightly iron-stained in upper 3 feet_____ 25 640 Sand and grit, tuffaceous (?) and iron-stained; water­ bearing______5 645 Basalt, fine-grained, dense.______155 800

58. Northwestern Ice & Cold Storage Co. [Drilled by R. J. Strasser in 1928] T-,.,, , , . Thickness Depth Pill and aluvium: (feet) (feet) Fill and "muck"______33 33 Clay and "muck"______79 112 Sandy muck_-___-_.______-______13 125 Gravel, some cobbles and boulders______15 140 Sand.______19 159 Gravel, cemented______5 164 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): Gravel and "shale"_--_---_-__--______-______15 179 Clay, blue ______54 233 Clay, blue, with some yellow sand.______7 240 Sand, yellow, and clay^______15 255 Sand, clean______10 265

62. Libby, McNeill & Libby [Drilled by R. J. Strasser in 1929. Driller's record with interpretations from representative cuttings] A11 . Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (fe^t) Fill and sandy clay______18 18 Sand and pebbles, largely basaltic_-_-_-____-____--__-__ 7 25 Gravel, particles less than 2 inches in diameter.______13 38 Clay, drab; lower part sandy______24 62 Gravel, cemented______45 107 Clay, yellowish drab______3 110 Unclassified: Gravel, cemented (tuffaceous (?) conglomerate, basaltic grit and abundant quartz grains in matrix)______27 137 Gravel, clay, and sand (tuffaceous (?) conglomerate, pebbles largely basaltic but some of quartzite and other rocks of distant origin; matrix contains plentiful basaltic grit, quartz grains, and some mica______39 176 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): Clay, sandy, blue and yellow (similar to matrix of overlying conglomerate; a few pebbles, all basaltic in cuttings)____ 14 190 Gravel, cemented, with hard sandy matrix; contains a few cobbles (pebbles basaltic; a little mica in matrix)______64 254 Gravel, cemented, matrix clayey______76 330 134 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

65. Rockwood Water District [Well 1, drilled by Zfesing] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay.____-____.______6 6 Gravel, cemented______76 82 Sand and gravel, water-bearing______12 94 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): Gravel, cemented ___---___--___-___-___---___-__--__ 148 242 Clay, yellow, blue, and brown_-______-_-_-_--___-_----_ 58 300

75. H. A. Roberts [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1928] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay______18 18 Gravel______12 30 "Shale," clayey at top______25 55 Sand, coarse in part, water-bearing______15 70 Clay, greenish______7 77 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): "Shale," sandy_. ______8 85 Sand, cemented.______8 93 Yakima (?) basalt: Bedrock______-______-___-.______61 154

77. A. L. Alexander [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1927] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and clay_--______5 5 Gravel, cemented___-______-___--_-__--_--_------11 16 Sand-______-__-____-_-______--____.___-_--__---_- 2 18 Gravel, cemented, and sand in alternate layers 4 to 10 feet thick___.______47 65 Sand, fine_.______.______-_--_-----_------_- 13 78 Gravel, cemented___-___-_-_-_____-----_------____- 2 80

78. F. L. Williams [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co.] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Unknown____-______-__----_--_---_-_ 20 20 Sand and gravel.______8 28 Gravel, cemented______-______-_-____---__ 13 41 Sand.______--_---___---_- 14 55 Gravel, cemented__-__-_-__-___-_--____------_-_---_- 11 66 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): Clay, green__-______-__-___-_-___-_---_---__--._- 6 72 "Shale," brown and blue, grading to sand at bottom______56 128 "Quicksand"______-----__---__---_- 5 133 Sand, water-bearing_____-______-_____--_----_---- -_ 10 143 Sand and "shale," blue____-_--___---__------16 159 "Shale," blue and green______-_---_------___ 26 185 WELL RECORDS 135

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued 79. Mrs. Beebe [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1929] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay and gravel.______8 8 Gravel, slightly cemented; some boulders______19 27 Gravel, cemented-__-_--_-__----_--__-__-___-----_-__- 17 44 "Sandstone," yellow____-___-______30 74 Clay, sandy______10 84 Troutdale formation of Hodge (?): Shale, blue, in part sandy______-______-___-_-__--__- 154 238 Sand, water-bearing______3 241 102. City of Canby [Drilled by Peter Hornig in 1912] Thickness DeptK Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil-__------_-----_-_------_---__- 3 3 Coarse gravel and boulders, water-bearing below a depth of 40feet______-____---__-______.______62 65 Pebble clay__-_----_---_---______-_-_-______3 6& Boulders,loose______-______12 80 Pebble clay__-__--_----_-_-----______. 5 85 Gravel (?), loose, water-bearing ______2 87 Clay, blue, no sand or pebbles.______18 105 Gravel and pebbles, loose, water-bearing______2 107 Clay, blue___-__--_____---____-______103. City of Canby (Drilled by Peter Hornig In 1921] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Gravel and boulders in large part______-_-______-__ 87 87 Clay__---_- _---_ -- _-- _-----_-___-_-___-___. 20 '107 Gravel and coarse sand, water-bearing______\%, 108)$ Clay, blue, no sand or pebbles.______171^ 280 Sand, fine and clean______'______1 281 Rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Clay,red_----_-_-_------_--__-_--_--__-_- 229 510 "Asphalt"___------_-___---______-___-___-____-__ 9 519 Sand, black______-_--______5 524 Fine sand, gray, and clay, blue, in alternate beds several feet thick; water-bearing-______127 651 "Sandstone, gray, not water-bearing.______1 652 109. J. C. Mattoon [Drilled by 0. E. Jannsen Drilling Co.] Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) Soil and clay___------_-----______- 8 8 Clay, yellow---_-_------_---_------__---__-__- 44 52 Sandstone, yellow, and "soapstone", yellow and blue______52 104 Sandstone, brown and yellow.______45 149* Sand and gravel.______2 151 Sandstone __-_--_--_----_--___-_---______24 175- Sandstone, yellow, and shale, blue______25 200« Sandy shale, blue and gray, water-bearing.______37 237 Fine sand, gray_____------__-_--_-______136 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, ORE'G.

TABLE 12,. Materials penetrated by typicals wells Continued

118. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 68 [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1937] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feef) Soil and "hardpan"______3 3 Clay, yellow and blue.______62 65 Sand, blue__-______13 78 Sand, blue, and pea gravel, water-bearing,______2 80 Sand, coarse and blue, with wood and bark______12 92 Clay, blue and red______23 115 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Sandstone______6 121 Shale, sandy, gray, alternately hard and soft______91 212

139. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 16 [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1937] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil.. _____------_-_-- --_-___-__-_-_------_----__ 1 1 Clay, yellow______---_------_-_-_-_--_-_-___-__-___- 9 10 Fine sand, yellow, gray, brown, and pink______75 85 Clay, yellow and red___-__----_-_-_-_---_-_---_-_____- 89 174 Rock, soft______---______---___-_------_-_-_-_- 5 179 Sand and fine gravel, water-bearing.______1 180 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Shale, gray.______3 183

143. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 19 [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1937] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet)' (feet) Soil______--- _ - -- 2 2 Sand, yellow and blue, hard at bottom.______40 42 Coarse sand, water-bearing.______1 43 Sand, blue______20 63 Clay, yellow, and sand______97 160 Sandstone and clay___-___--__-___--_-____--_---___-_- 32 192 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Rock, topmost foot porous and water-bearing.______4 196

153. Pleasantdale School [Drilled by H. E, Evans] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and clay______20 20 Boulder clay______--_-_-_-_--_--_-_------_------7 27 Sand, packed, not water-bearing______15 42 Clay, blue______--_--__-______126 168 Gravel, sand, and greenish-blue clay; coarse members water-bearing. ______94 262 Gravel, water-bearing.______8 270 WELL RECORDS 137

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued 164. William Gooding [Drilled by Peter Hornig. Record interpreted from samples of cuttings] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and subsoil-______i___-_--_____-__ 20 20 "Quicksand" (very fine sand and silt)______92 112 Sand, medium and coarse (basaltic)______28 140 Coarse sand and pebbles (basaltic)______7 147

188. J. C. Mark

[Drilled in 1931. Record interpreted from samples of cuttings] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil______12 12 Sand, dark gray (basaltic, poorly rounded grains, pebbles as much as 4 millimeters in diameter______18 30 Sand, blue, and clay______20 50 Clay, blue (fine sand or silt with basaltic grit) ______4 54 Sand, blue, and gravel; coarser toward bottom (basaltic, grains poorly rounded, 1 to 20 millimeters in diameter); water-bearing______11 65 Troutdale or Rhododendron formation of Hodge, or both (?): Clay and sandy clay, blue (nondescript mixture of particles $^' from silt to coarse sand, some of quartz and mica, many waterworn; tuffaceous?)______184 249 Fine sand, consolidated______1 250 Clay, sandy, a few pebbles (from silt to medium sand; grains angular; largely basaltic though feldspar and quartz are abundant; tuffaceous?)______20 270 Sand, very fine (medium sand; grains angular to partly rounded, one-half of quartz, feldspar, muscovite, or biotite)______5 275 Sand, very fine, with a little clay_-_-_-_--_---__------43 318 Coarse sand (largest grains 1% millimeters in diameter, well-rounded and assorted; include basaltic clinker, quartz, and feldspar)-______-______-_ 2 320 Clay (silt and fine sand, nonlaminated, abundant mica, tuffaceous?) ______30 350 Shale, soft (with fine to coarse sand, rude laminae, carbon­ ized wood in coarser layers, moderately consolidated) _ _ _ _ 54 404

206. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 6 [Drilled in 1937] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (/«*) (/«<*) Sott 2 2 Clay, yellow and blue______.___-_____---__--_--_--- 66 68 Sand, blue. __ 17 85 Sand, yellow, and gravel_____-____-_--____---___-_-__ 3 88 Clay, yellow, and sand______-__-_____-____-_---_--- 16 104 Sand, blue 9 113 Gravel and coarse sand, water-bearing ______2 115 138 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued 221. United States Resettlement Administration, Yamhill Farms, unit 24 [Drilled by Steinman Bros. Drilling Co. in 1937] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil______3 3 Clay, yellow-______-______.______13 16 Silt______23 39 Clay, blue-_-_.______41 80 Sand, fine, water-bearing-______5 85 Unclassified: Clay, blue and gray, interlaminated with silt__------_ 115 200 Clay, yellow and brown.______90 290 Clay, sandy, brown__.______6 296 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age: Shale, gray, caving_____.______14 310

245. Agricultural Research Corporation (Sam H. Brown) Applied by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1930. Record interpreted from samples of cuttings. (See physical properties of water-bearing materials, p. 31)] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Loam.______2 2 Clay, yellow and blue, with streaks of pea gravel at 18/*> feet and of fine sand below 38 feet (sparse mica) ______63 65 Clay grading downward into sand______5 68 Sand and gravel, fine (unassorted fine sand to pebbles half an inch in diameter; largely basaltic though quartz and feldspar abundant); water-bearing_____.______--_-__ 13 81 Clay; gray, blue, and brown; in part sandy and pebbly___ 13 94 Silt, dark bluish gray (very fine sand to medium sand; quartz grains abundant)_-_--______-_-_---_-_- 14 108 Sand, fine and black______4 112 Sand and fine gravel, somewhat cemented (pebbles all from basic volcanic rocks)______5 117 Gravel, coarse, and sand (grains fairly well rounded and somewhat assorted; pebbles an inch in diameter are abundant; largest are 2% inches long); water-bearing____ 26 143 Clay, blue and pebbly______3 146 Sand, black (fine to coarse)______16 162 Clay, green and sticky_-____-______-_---_--__- 18 180 Sand, black and loose (medium to very coarse, fairly well assorted; feldspar and quartz abundant) _____-_-__-___ 2 182 Clay or shale, green, streak of peat at top ______23 205 Sand, black______3 208 Clay, blue, watertight______10 218 Gravel and sand, streak of clay at 227 feet, slightly ce­ mented in part (largely basaltic; above 224 feet, poorly assorted very fine sand to pebbles; moderately assorted below 230 feet); water-bearing.______25^ 243*4 Clay, blue and sticky.______9 252% WELL RECORDS 139

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

247. City of Gervais [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1928 Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and clay____--______-___-____-______20 20 Sand, water-bearing.______2 22 Clay, blue, and fine sand______61 83 Sand, black, water-bearing.______7 90 Clay, blue and sticky______15 105 Sand, black, water-bearing______17 122 Gravel and coarse sand, black, water-bearing.______6 128 Gravel, water-bearing.______18 146

256. Oregon State Training School [Drilled by George E. Scott in 1924] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay____-______23 23 Sand, fine, dark, gravelly in part____---_--_-_----_--__- 93 116 Gravel, water-bearing. ______8 124 Sand, dark______9 133 Clay, blue_-___--__-____-______11 144 Sand, dark______10 154 Gravel, "dirty"______6 160 Gravel, water-bearing______15 175 Clay, blue______15 190

262. City of Woodburn [Drilled by George E. Scott in 1925] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (jeet) (feet) Clay--_-__-______.______112 112 Sand, fine, water-bearing______3 115 Sand, coarse______2 117 Gravel, coarse, and sand-___.______14 131 Clay, blue and soft-______. 32 165 Gravel, coarse, and sand; water-bearing-______18 181 Clay, blue______4 185

263. Southern Pacific Railroad Co., Woodburn station [Drilled by George E. Scott] Thiekness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay, yellow______74 74 Sand, black______.______31 105 Gravel and yellow clay______4 109 Gravel, yellow, and sand______28 137 Clay, blue, and sand.__^______27 164 Gravel, coarse, black, water-bearing______11 175

408526 42 10 140 GROUND WATER OP WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

280. Eastern- Western Lumber Co. [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1927] Thickness Depth Pediment deposit: (feet) (feet) Boulders______-______-_--__-___-__-- 15 15 Clay __ _ 20 35 Clay, sandy ___ _-___-______--_--___------__ 25 60 Troutdale or Rhododendron formation of Hodge, or both (?) : Clay, blue ______.______100 100 "Shale" ______-____------_----__--- 34 194 Sand, water-bearing______2 196 "Shale" - . 54 250 "Sandstone," streak of "shale" at 265 feet, another of cemented gravel at bottom; thin water-bearing zones at 250 and 290 feet ______42 292 "Shale 3 295

5. Public Works Engineering Corporation [Record interpreted from samples of cuttings] Thickness Depth Younger and older alluvium: (feet) (feet) Sand, gravel, and pebbles as much as 1% inches in diameter; lower half free from fine and medium sand; water-bearing below depth of 21 feet__-______33 33 Coarse sand and pebbles, cemented with fine sand and silt; not water-bearing. ______9 42 Coarse sand to pebbles half an inch in diameter, loose, water­ bearing ______6 48 Illahe formation of Thayer (?) : Sandstone, fine-grained and earthy, weathered yellowish drab; largely of quartz grains, but some basaltic grit; yields a little water______9 57 Clay "gumbo," blue (with fine sand, largely quartz but some basaltic grit, sparse mica, tuffaceous ?); not water-bearing. 18 75 Clay shale, blue and sandy (unassorted and unstratified, grain sizes from fine to coarse sand, tuffaceous (?)); yields a little water from several zones______--_____-______- 26% 101 Blue shale (with mixture of fine to medium sand and some grit, moderately indurated, basaltic grains and quartz grains about equally abundant, tuffaceous ?); not water­ bearing. ______63>_ 165 WELL RECORDS 141

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

333. Oregon Linen Mills, Inc. [Drilled by Harvey Evans] Thickness Depth Older alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and clay______22 22 Clay and boulder "hardpan"______16 38 Sand, brown and packed, not water-bearing______30 68 Sand and gravel, water-bearing______3 71 Clay and gravel "hardpan"______18 89 Sand and gravel, yields a little water__-_._-______-____ 7 96 Unclassified: Gravel, cemented______.______64 160 Sand and gravel, packed______28 188 Yakima basalt (?): "Medium blue stone," water-bearing______60>_ 248%

334. Public Works Engineering Corporation [DrDled by Perris & Gardner. Record interpreted from samples of cuttings] Thickness Depth Older alluvium: (feet) (feet) Clay, water at base______---_____..___-______. 20 20 Pebbly clay (basaltic pebbles)______3 23 Gravel, loose (basaltic, coarse sand to pebbles an inch in diameter), water-bearing______5 28 Gravel, cemented__-______-______--____--___-___- 22 50 Gravel, coarse (basaltic pebbles, fine matrix in several zones), water-bearing______45 95 Unclassified: Clay, gravel, and boulders (bloulder clay ?); not water-bear- ing______.______90± 185 Gravel.--...__.__-.-______-_.___ .__--_-____-_ 10± 195 Clay, gravel, and boulders (samples show pronounced iron stain below 230 feet)______47 242 Yakima (?) basalt: Rock (weathered basalt)_.______25 267

336. A. W. Stryker [Drilled by West in 1929] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feef) Soil and clay, blue in lower part-______45 45 Sand and gravel, water-bearing______10 55 Gravel, cemented______15 70 Sand, loose, and gravel; water-bearing______25 95 Gravel, cemented with clay_____-_-_-_____-______--___ 20 115 Gravel, loose, water-bearing.______142 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLF 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

338. Oregon State Hospital, well 3 [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1925] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (fett) Clay and sand______35 35 Gravel, cemented______22 57 Gravel and cobbles, some clay in lower half; not water- bearing______13 70 Sandy clay (?)______4 74 Gravel and sand, with clay matrix.______21 95 Gravel and sand, water-bearing______-____---____ 16 111 Clay and gravel______1>_ 112}_

3381-2. Oregon State Penitentiary [Drilled by A. M. Jannsen Drilling Co.] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil and clay______-______.___ 7 7 Gravel and clay______23 30 Sand and gravel, yields a little water______26 56 Clay and gravel.______4 60 Sand and gravel.______3 63 Gravel, cemented______22 85 Sand and graveL______10 95 Gravel, water-bearing______7 102 Gravel, cemented______20 122 Gravel, water-bearing-.______12 134 Clay, yellow and red______'______-______25 159 Rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Bedrock______1 160

385. Cottage Farm, Oregon State Hospital [Drilled by O. E. Jannsen Drilling Co. in 1925] Thickness Depth Unclassified: (feet) (feet) Clay__------______.____---_-_-___--___ 17 17 Clay and boulders______---____ 13 30 Illahe formation of Thayer: Shale, blue and gray______-_-_------_-_- 85 115 Shale and sandstone, interbedded______--_---_--___ 121 236 Shale______.____-______-_-_-_-__ 89 325 Sandstone, yields a little water at about 450 feet______190 515 Shale, with a few thin layers of sandstone______490 1, 005

435. Conser [Drilled by C. E. Gordonier] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil______.._-_-_-_--__-_-___- 3 3 Clay, yellow______22 25 Gravel______-__-__---__- 7 32 Clay, blue______8 40 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Sandstone, blue______50 90 Sandstone, yields "salt" water______1 91 Sandstone, blue; water of poor quality at base ______69 160 WELL RECORDS 143

TABLE 12. Materials penetrated by typical wells Continued

526. Bingenheimer [Drilled by H. E. Evans] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil______.______3 3 Clay and cobbles______--_____-_---___-_---_------17 20 Gravel (?), \vater-bearing______4 24 Boulder clay, very hard-______---__--_-- 15 39 Rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Clay, blue and red-_------_------_----_------137 176 Coarse gravel and cobbles, no sand; water-bearing-______17 193

637. Junction City [Drilled in 1938] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil______2 2 Clay, brown______6 8 Clay and gravel.______7 15 Gravel and sand, clayey at top and bottom, water-bearing. 16 31 Clay, brown and blue______7 38 Sand, coarse, and soft brown clay, water-bearing ______22 60 Clay, blue______-----_--_-____- 8 68 Sand, fine gravel, and blue-gray clay, water-bearing______132 200 Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: Clay, blue-gray, and sand______-_------_- 33 233 Shale, blue-gray and brown______47 280 Sandstone, blue-gray, soft; yields a little water.------70 350 "Cement gravel" (agglomerate or conglomerate ?)-__-____ 17 367 Shale, brownish-gray, lower part sandy___------63 430 "Conglomerate," very light gray, hard- ______10 440 Shale, brownish-gray___-_---_-_____--__-- J __---___---_ 10 450

701. Bethel School [Drilled by A. F. Moody] Thickness Depth Alluvium: (feet) (feet) Soil__-______-.-_____-__---.--.____---___----_____ 12 12 Gravel______------_--__-___-----_-__---___-__-_ 20 32 Gravel, cemented------__-_---_-_--_--_-_-----_----_-- 11 43 Sand and fine gravel.______27 70 Gravel, cementedi__--_-_-_---___----_-__------_---_- 26 96 Sand__------_---_---___--_--______-----_-__-_ 8 104 Gravel, cemented; water-bearing.______2 106

722. M. E. Furrow [Drilled by A. F. Moody] Thickness Depth Rocks of Tertiary age, undifferentiated: (/««*) (/««0 Basalt_-__-___-_____---___._.--_____-_____-______. 212 212 "Sandrock," brown, very hard______.__---______108 320 Basalt, vesicular____-_--__---.-______---__._____ 2 322 Rock, white and very soft (pumice ?)______25 347 Sandstone, water-bearing.______318 665 144 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 19S5-S6 1

87. Frank H. Newland. SWJ£SEJ£ sec. 32, T. 3 S., R. 4 W. Domestic well, dug 3J^ feet in diameter and 39 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring points: Top of pump-house sill, 157.88 feet above mean sea level; and top of concrete wall, 0.7 foot above land surface and 157.98 feet 2 above sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 138.5 1 *\9 4.9 148.94 Aug. 3--...... 143. 89 147. 81 Aug. 10- ...... 142. 07 1936 Apr. 13. . 149. 43 148. 26 Aug. 17 141. 92 149. 39 148. 21 Aug. 24- ...... 141. 71 Feb. 19- 150.68 14.Q 7H 146. 70 Aug. 31 141. 69 Feb. 24.. 153. 51 149. 79 July 6-.- ... 146. 65 Sept. 8 ..... 139. 67 Mar. 2_ ... . 153.59 Mayll 149. 44 July 13..- - 145. 66 Sept. 14 140.46 Mar. 9 ...... 150. 95 May 18 July 20.-- - 144. 60 Sept. 21...... 137. 88 Mar. 16 150. 77 14.fi Q9 144. 39 Sept. 28 137. 62 Mar. 23 . 150. 93

i Ground-water levels in 1928-30, by II. S. Geological Survey; in 1935-36, by U. S. Engineer Department. ! Leveling by II. S. Engineer Department.

100. Pietro Presutti. SWMNWM sec. 30, T. 3 S., R. 1 E. Domestic well, drilled 6 inches in diameter and 145 feet deep, standard steel casing. Substitute for well 101, which was destroyed between 1930 and 1935. Measuring point is bottom of plugged hole in base of pump, 0.4 foot above land surface and 159.28 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 18_-.-_ 110. 20 Jan. 20 ...... a 155. 11 Apr. 21- 108. 90 July 13-.- - 107. 99 Oct. 23...---. 110. 28 IfiQ QO 108. 38 July 20 . 107. 73 Oct. 28.-...-. 109. 54 Feb. 3...... 109. 07 108. 06 July 28- 107. 21 Nov. 4_ ___ . 110. 19 Feb. 10_ Mayll 109. 12 108. 14 Nov. 11. ___ . 110. 60 Feb. 17. .... 109. 13 May 18 4 104. 71 Aug. 10 - 108. 18 Nov. 18 110. 58 Feb. 24 ino A3 May 25. ... . 108. 72 Aug. 17 ... 107. 67 Dec. 2._ 109.60 109. 96 107.51 Aug. 24- 107. 70 Dec. 9_. _ _--_ 109. 79 108. 83 108. 46 Aug. 31... ---_ 107. 53 Dec. 16. _ .... 106. 09 108. 46 Sept. 8 102. 39 Dec. 23----.... 110. 68 Mar. 23. ... 108. 15 Sept. 14 106. 08 Dec. 30 110. 93 Mar. 30 ' 108.96 107.64 Sept. 21 .... 106. 00 1936 JulyS... 107. 81 Sept. 28 ___ _ 105. 81 Apr. 13...... 109.56 Jan. 6...... 113. 28 Jan. 13 ...... 3 154.44

* Leveling by II. S. Engineer Department. 3 Water probably entering well above static level. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals.

101. Isaac A. Miley estate. NWMSWJ4 sec. 30, T. 3 S., R. 1 E. Domestic well, bored .10 inches in diameter and 57 feet deep. Measuring point is top of casing, 0.4 foot above land surface and 157.5 feet above sea level (altimeter).

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 1930 Sept. 27. .. 108.2 Feb. 3. 133.4 JulyS--. 105.90 Feb. 2 106. 70 Oct. 10.. 106.3 Mar. 23 ... .. 132. 45 105. 45 105. 60 Dec. 17-.- __ 126.7 m oc Sept. 24 - 102. 05 Mar. 30 .... 105.50 Oct. 27-.- 106. 65 Apr. 27- 105. 25 Nov. 29 ----- 106. 45 July22 - 103. 22 WELL RECORDS 145

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

126. O. B. Belieu. NWJ^NEJ^sec. 12, T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 27.7 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 3-inch plank deck, through bored hole 10 inches southeast of pump, 170.14 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 31. ______148. 53 Jan. 13. __ ... 168.40 Mar. 31 .... 163. 96 July 6...... 151.97 Nov. 4 ...... 146. 97 Jan. 18 ----- 167. 90 Apr. 6...... « 160. 87 July 13_._ - 151. 18 Nov. 11...... 146. 18 Jan. 20...- ... ,167.92 159. 33 « 147. 86 Nov. 18.- ..- 146. 26 Jan. 27 ~- 164. 8/ Apr. 27 158. 70 July 27-. 147. 46 Nov. 26__ ... 146. 74 Feb. 3. 164. 61 159. 35 145.53 146. 72 Feb. 10...... May 11 --.. 157. 67 146. 16 Dec. 9._ __ .. 145. 71 Feb. 19. 5 160. 93 May 18 156. 77 Aug. 17 145. 93 Dec. 16...... 146. 12 Feb. 24. ... 6 160. 97 May 25--- . 156. 56 145. 66 Dec. 23. 146.11 Mar. 2 ...... 167. 28 156. 62 Aug. 31 145. 05 147. 86 166. 63 155. 35 144.11 Mar. 16 -... 166. 65 154.41 Sept. 14 144.05 1936 1 Mar. 23 - 5 160. 04 June 22_ ...... 154.38 Sept. 21 146. 23 Mar. 27 ..... 5 160. 81 June 29_ ...... 152. 68 Sept. 28 ..-.. 146. 12 152. 95 Jan. 6_ _ ...... 150.01

' Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 8 Pump operating in well.

133. J. J. Kneeland, renter; Fred Allison, owner (formerly owned by A> J. Mott). SWJ^SWJ^ sec. 24, T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, bored 12 inches in diameter and 41 feet deep, in shed at northeast corner of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 4-4-5 in wood pump base. Measuring point is top of concrete-tile casing, 0.4 foot above land surface and 152 feet above mean sea level (hand level).

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 1930 136.4 Feb. 3_ ... . 150. 35 Sept. 24 138. 15 Feb. 2--- ... 151. 45 137.8 Oct. 27--. -. 137. 20 Mar. 2 150.40 138. 85 Julys.-. 146. 50 Nov. 29------136. 70 Mar. 30 -.. 150.10 141.95 148. 30 Apr. 27 - 149. 40 July 25-. - 142. 37

134. L. E. Kin?, renter. SEJSWi sec. 24, T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, bored 12 inches in diameter and 27 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. Substitute for well 133, which was inaccessible for water-level measure­ ments in 1935-36. Measuring point is top of concrete collar of casing, 2.0 feet above land surface and 157.69 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Feb. 3_-- ... 152. 52 153. 14 148. 60 142. 65 Feb. 10 - 152.61 Apr. 13 . 152. 80 148. 28 Aug. 17.... . 141. 80 Feb. 19 152. 56 152. 71 147. 69 141. 47 Feb. 24- 154. 05 Apr. 27... .- 151.64 June 29 ...... 147. 50 Aug. 31.. 141.28 Mar. 2...... _ 154. 50 151. 00 July 6-. ... 147. 43 Sept. 8.- 140. 66 153.11 May 11 ...-.-. 150. 83 July 13_. ...-. 145. 37 Sept. 14..-.-. 140. 43 Mar. 16. ------153. 01 MavlS.. 150.51 July 20- ..... 145. 12 Sept. 21...... 139. 99 152. 87 150. 15 July 27...... 145. 03 Sept. 28-.- 138. 77 Mar. 30 .... 153. 96 150. 10 Aug. 3...... 144.62

2 Leveling by IT. S. Engineer Department. 146 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1985-36 Con.

136. W. J. Odell. SWjSEi see. 29, T. 4 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 30.6 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, 0.6 foot above land surface and 141.88 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 30...... 119. 95 Jan. 13. ... . 133. 13 125. 49 Nov. 4__. ... 120. 43 Jan. 18...... 138. 51 133. 11 July 21.... 123. 85 Nov. 11...... 114.63 Jan. 27...... 137. 03 Apr. 28-.. - 129. 77 July 28- .-.-. 123. 47 Nov. 18 -.. 121. 02 Feb. 3. .-__..._ 128.80 122. 95 Nov. 26 . 120. 84 Feb. 10...... 135. 12 129.19 Aug. 11. -....__ 4 116. 96 Dec. 2...... 121.03 Feb. 19 135. 06 123. 27 * 116. 57 Dec. 9...... _. 121. 44 Feb. 24___.,.._ 137.90 129.71 4 115. 46 Dec. 16--.--.. 121. 47 Mar. 2 .... 137. 61 129. 84 Sept. 1...... 4 115. 56 Dec. 23-,-.... 121.45 Mar. 9 ...... 135. 45 129.57 Sept. 9_.~ _ -. 119.81 Dec. 30...... 131.55 129. 19 Sept. 15...... 118. 36 Mar. 24...... 133. 62 128.44 120. 79 Mar. 31 - 136. 19 June 30 127. 45 Sept. 29...... 119. 52 130. 85 Apr. 7 July?-. .

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 147. W. E. Grabenhorst. NW^NEJ sec. 28, T. 4 N., R. 3 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 3J5 fee in diameter and 23 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring points: Top of 2-inch plank deck, through bored hole 10 inches north of pump, 1.2 feet above land surface and 163.94 feet 2 above mean sea level; and beginning July 6, 1936, 0.6 foot above plank deck.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 31-- -- 142.56 161. 74 Apr. 13 159. 04 July 13-. 147. 66 142. 54 Apr. 20 159.20 146. 12 Nov. 11 .... 142. 09 159. 46 Apr. 27. ------157. 22 July 27.. 147. 15 Nov. 13 -- 142. 21 Feb. 3...... 159. 45 156. 18 Aug. 3 - 146. 25 Nov. 26 I -- 142. 26 155. 96 145. 03 Dec. 2--.-...-. 141.80 Feb. 19. 159. 05 May 18 155. 55 Aug. 17 144.60 Dec. 9- -- 142. 31 Feb. 24 . 161.54 154 52 Aug. 24 144. 15 Dec. 16- 142. 27 Mar. 2-_ __ .. 161.04 153. 55 Aug. 31 143. 87 Dec. 23. ______142. 37 152. 18 143. 55 Dec. 30- -.. 146. 28 Mar. 16 . .. 160. 75 151. 74 Sept. 14... 143. 48 Mar. 23. 159.28 150. 39 Sept. 21...... 143. 32 1936 Mar. 30 160. 67 June 29 _- - 149.41 Sept. 28..- 142. 77 Jan. 6------. 147. 21 Apr. 6 ... . - . 160. 52 Julv6------148.60 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 158. W. J. Gering, formerly Basil Gering. NE^NWi sec. 4, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 30 inches in diameter and 23 feet deep, 30 feet southwest of tank tower. Measuring point is top of concrete-tile casing, east side, 1.8 feet above land surface and 125.37 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Jan. 27 . 111.29 109.86 106. 95 Feb. 3__ ------111. 10 109. 56 1929 Oct. 15 106.54 Feb. 10 . - 110. 95 June 15_. ------109.80 Oct. 23.. - 106. 58 111.00 June 22... _ .. 109. 39 JulyS 107. 92 Feb. 24.. . 111.18 June 29-- ___ 109.15 106. 62 112.61 July 6.. .-._.. 108. 90 Sept. 24 104. 43 106. 57 Mar. 9 ------111.91 July 13- 108. 38 Oct. 27 104. 90 106. 55 Mar. 16 .- 112. 03 July 20..-. . 108. 68 104. 67 Mar. 23 110. 95 July 27. .._._.. 108. 36 105. 12 112.47 108.08 Dec. 16 112. 06 107. 89 1930 107. 69 Apr. 13. 111.50 Aug. 17_. ______107.56 108. 59 Apr. 20 ----- 110,92 Aug. 27...---. 107. 55 Feb. 2 107. 07 111.08 Aug. 31. .-_.-_. 107. 40 108. 72 1936 110. 95 Sept. 8. 107. 07 108.87 110.50 Sept. 14. - 107. 15 Apr. 27.... . 108. 72 May 18.. 110. 91 Sept. 21...... 106.90 July25-.__---_ 106. 47 Jan. 20 --..- - 111.85 May 25- 110. 46 Sept. 28 106. 86 'Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 147

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

161. Clara E. Case. SEJNW} sec. 13, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 28 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is pump-house floor at south edge of trap door, about 2 feet above land surface and 177.76 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1036 Oct.9...... 156. 30 151 71 160. 80 July 6---- _- 156.93 Oct. 15------156. 21 157. 59 Apr. 13...... __ 160.84 July 13. .-.-_-_ 156. 79 Oct. 23...... 156. 11 158. 49 Apr. 20...... 160. 79 July20_----_-_ 157. 32 Oct. 28-... . 156.28 Jan. 27____...__ 157. 78 Apr. 27--_...__ 159. 47 July 27 -- 157.04 155. 07 Feb. 3-...... 157. 74 159. 24 Aug. 3-. . 156.88 Nov. 11- 155.22 Feb. 10. 157. 18 May 11. .__-_.. 159.23 156. 79 154. 74 Feb. 19______161.82 May 18- 159. 10 Aug. 17...... -. 156.37 155. 07 Feb. 24. --.____ 159.66 May 25_. ..____ 159. 06 Aug. 24-.. -. 156.28 Mar. 2 160.17 June 1______-- 158.81 Aug. 31 156.05 154. 09 Mar. 9. _ _ -. 160.26 158. 64 155.83 Dec. 16- . 155. 12 159.% 1 f^ft 37 Sept. 14. .-.. 156. 77 Dec. 23_-______154.08 AVTor 9^1 1fift 1 9 Sept. 21 158. 06 Dec. 30_. ______153. 67 Mar. 30 161. 36 157. 85 Sept. 28 158.00

'Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

164. Wm. Gooding. SWJNEJ sec. 20, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, drilled 6 inches in diameter and 147 feet deep, 75 feet northeast of dwelling. Casing stamped 4-2-1 on east side. Measuring point is top of casing, 0.8 foot above land surface and 171 feet above mean sea level (altimeter). On Sep­ tember 26,1928, the water level was 151.9 feet; on October 20,1928,151.2 feet; and on December 17,1928,152 feet.

165. Ann M. Kaufman. NWjSEfsec, 21, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 29 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 2-incii plank deck, about 0.8 foot above land surface and 170.72 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 9__...... 144. 77 165. 64 164.35 July6_ --- 156.19 Oct. 15-. 148. 25 Jan. 13 168. 88 Apr. 13_. ______163. 68 Julyl3_._ __ 155. 51 Oct. 23...... Jan. 20____--.__ 168. If Apr. 20. . 163. 66 'Jflly 20. ..__.-_ 154. 05 Jan. 27 - 165. 14 Apr. 27...... __ 162. 22 July 27_. --.-__ 153. 89 143. 81 Feb. 3 -- .... 165. 55 161. 61 Aug. 3 152. 05 Nov. 4 ..... 142. 32 May 11 161. 14 151.76 Nov. 11 144. 97 Feb. 19--______161. 89 MaylS - 160. 77 Aug. 17-______Nov. 18__- _.-. 147. 72 Feb. 24. _...-._ 168:27 May 25 _ ___ 159. 92 Aug. 24..__..__ Dec. 9. ---..-.. 149. 35 Mar. 2 _ _._ __ 167. 55 June 1 158.08 150.41 Mar. 9. ___ __ 165. 44 June8_ __ _._ 158.55 Aug. 31 .... Dec. 16..-_-__ 155. 47 q0nf- 14. 1 l^ft 4^t June 15 .__ _.. 157. 44 Dec. 23- 151. 53 Mar. 23 _____ 1fi_L 9Q 157.46 Sept. 21 147. 65 l89. 45 Mar. 30_-___-__ 166. 65 157. 58 Sept. 28 147. 26

'Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 148 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 169. Theodore Boutin. NWJ^SWJ^ sec. 31, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, drilled 10 inches in diameter and 74 feet deep, in pump shed 60 feet southwest of deep petroleum test well. Measuring point is top of 10-inch steel casing, level with land surface and 171.08 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1935 1936 1936 July 3-...... 157.03 Oct. 11 - 150. 69 164.34 159.20 i Kf\ on Feb. 3. ------164. 72 159. 31 Sept. 24 __ 151.60 Feb. 10 164. 43 158. 75 Oct. yj...... « 150. 15 Oct. 28 151. 00 Feb. 19 - 164. 43 June 22-- __ - 157. 76 Nov. 29- -. - 150. OS 150. 33 Feb. 24. 165. 36 157.64 Dec. 30. _ _._. 154.08 Nov.ll------166. 34 July 6 ...... 156. 25 150. 28 165. 56 July 13------155. 37 1930 Dec. 2 150. 18 Mar. 16 -- Ifi5. 61 Julv 20---- 154.79 Dec. 9 -. - 150. 08 Mar. 23 ---- 165. 71 July 27- -..-. 154.63 Feb. 2- m oc A/Tar 3ft 153. 16 Mar. 2...... 165. 48 151. 35 165. 82 Aug. 10 --- 152. 72 Mar. 30 165. 43 165.82 Aug. 17 . 152. 67 Apr. 27...... 163. 03 Apr. 20 .. 165. 79 Aue. 24...... 152. 49 July 22...-..-. Apr. 27 163. 44 Aue. 31 152. 05 163. 23 150.81 1935 Jan. 6- __ .... 162. 06 Mav 11 162. 81 Sept. 14 -. 150.52 Jan. 13. ___ . 164. 92 Mav 18 - 161. 82 Sept. 21 .-.. 151. 38 Oct. 3. -. 151. 22 165. 76 160. 94 151. 01

" 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. ' Pump operating in well a short time prior to measurement.

171. Johnson School. SEJ^SEJ^ sec. 34, T. 4 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 18 inches in diameter and 20 feet deep, in school yard. Copper nail with washer stamped 4-2-7 in west side of plank well cover. Measur­ ing point is top of concrete-tile casing at copper nail with washer, 1.8 feet above land surface and 184.66 feet' above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Mar. 2 ..-._- 171. 21 158. 06 Oct. 20. _---.._ 156.2 169. 91 172. 06 163. 66 Apr. 27 162. 84 Julv 22--..... 171.01 161. 93 1929 171. 13 1935 155. 29 Feb. 10 169. 77 June 29 160. 73 Feb. 3 171.8 169. 21 Julv6-- Mar. 23.-..---. 169. 21 Oct. 3-- Feb. 24 171.90 July 13..- -. 159. 35 May 12 .... _ 168. 26 Oct. 10 . 155. 09 Mar. 2 ____ 171.29 July 20 158. 77 170. 48 Julys. _ 161.1 Oct. 23 . 170. 15 Aug. 3 157. 94 158. 11 Oct. 28. Mar. 23 . 169. 73 Augj 10 -.. _ - 157. 80 Sept. 24 156. 36 171.25 Aue. 17-.---.-. 157. 32 Oct. 27 Nov. 11 170. 48 Aug. 24. 157. 14 Nov. 29 155. 11 Nov. 18-.. 155. 09 Apr. 13 169. 60 Aug. 31-. -. 156.,83 Dec. 30. _ _. 162. 66 168. 23 156/62 Dec. » . -_ 155. 05 Apr. 27 167. 72 Sept. 14 156.80 1930 Dec. 16 166. 29 156. 43 Dee. 23-. 156. 42 Mav 11---- 166. 02 Sept. 28 156. 25 Feb. 2...... - 171. 26 166. 00

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 149

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1985-86 Con. 172. J. W. Keil (formerly D. A. Keil). NEJiNWJi sec. 2, T. 4 8., R. 1 W. Domestic well, bored 10 inches in diameter and 25.5 feet deep, at rear porch at northeast corner of dwelling, concrete-tile and stove­ pipe casings. Stamped 4-1-2 on pump discharge pipe just below spigot. Measuring points: Prior to May 1929, top of stovepipe casing, 0.7 foot above land surface and 187.4 feet above mean sea level; June 7 and July 3,1939, top of casing (cut-off), 187.3 feet above mean sea level; beginning Aug. 5,1929, top of pump- base flange marked with white paint, 1.0 foot above land surface and 187.69 feet 2 above30ve mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Sept. 27 175.4 Apr. 27-, . - 183. 49 185. 00 180. 83 Oct. 20... .. 175. 0 July22- t __ 175. 97 185. 51 May 25- 181. 83 Dec. 17- 179.1 185. 40 181. 65 193|5 Jan. 24 .. 184. 53 178. 89 1929 184. 35 179.53 Oct. 3--1-. 174. 21 Feb.3- 184.48 177. 48 Feb.3--- 185.0 Oct. 10-i .____. 173. 63 Feb. 10- 184. 51 June 29 - -.. 176. 85 Mar. 23-. ... 183. 29 173. 11 Feb. 17 183. 45 JulvS- - 176.65 184. 44 Oct. 23-J. 171. 89 184.15 July 13--- 174.66 181. 74 Oct. 28.1. -. 171.94 Feb. 28 184. 34 July 20-. . - 174. 32 July 3 178. 14 172. 02 185. 75 July 28.-. - 173. 98 175.99 Nov. 11 --~ 172. 31 185. 52 174. 75 Sept. 24 174. 14 Nov. 18 . - 172. 39 Mar. 16 185. 11 174. 87 Oct. 27--.- 174. 24 174. 07 Mar. 23- 185. 31 AIID- 17 171. 14 Dec. 30 184. 44 174. 11 Mar. 30--. - 184. 31 174.30 184. 17 Aug. 31 ---. 175. 15 r~\ 1930 Dec. 23-L 175. 80 183. 92 Sept. 8 - . 175. 00 181. 65 Apr. 20- 184. 07 Sept. 14 - 171. 32 Feb. 2 185. 39 183. 91 Sept. 21- 170. 87 Mar. 2. __ .... 185. 24 183. 72 170. 69 183. 49 185. 34 May 11

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

174. A. W. Geisey. NEJ4SWJ4 sec. 9, T. 4 S., R. 1 W. Stock well, due 7 feet in diameter and 25 feet deep, concrete curb. Measuring point is top of plank deck, through crack, 1.0 foot above land surface and 191.21 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 9--. 174.31 188. 63 187. 96 July 8...... 177. 23 Oct. 15. 171. 74 Jan. 13_ ...... 188.82 Apr. 13 - 187. 67 July 13- 176.23 Oct. 23--. 175. 63 189. 72 185. 51 July 20.. ... 176. 69 Oct. 28. ------174. 12 187. 52 Apr. 27 184. 93 July 28- ...... 176. 23 173.78 Feb. 3 187. 09 184. 54 Aug. 3 -___ 176. 13 Nov. 11 173.94 Feb. 10 - 186. 14 May 11 183. 95 Aug. 10-. .-_-__ 176. 24 Nov. 18 173. 76 Feb. 17 ..-_. 185. 86 May 18 182. 78 Aug. 17 . 175. 26 Dec. 3 173. 61 Feb. 24 ___ _ 188. 36 May 25.-...... 183. 00 Aug. 24,. __ _ 174. 48 Dec. 9...... 174.03 Mar. 2 ... . 187. 93 181. 89 Aug. 31 ... 175.29 Dec. 16 . 176. 51 Mar. 9 _ ... 188. 05 181.19 Sept. 8 _---- 175. 09 Dec. 23...... 176. 26 Mar. 16 186. 79 180. 13 Sept. 21 ' 174. 96 Dec. 30.. ... 181. 71 Mar. 23 186. 56 178. 97 Sept. 28 174. 82 Mar. 30 ... 188. 09 178. 17

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 150 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation: weU&, and, 1935-36 Con. 184. Harry Cochran. SW_J4SE)4 sec. 4, T. 4 S., R. 1. E. Domestic well, dug 4 feet square and 67 feet deep, timber curb. Measuring point is top of plank curb, at middle of west side, 1.5 feet above land surface and 177.80 feet J above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 9__ .._..._ 112.14 Jan. 6 ...... 111. 30 116. 67 July 13.. ... 113.40 Oct. 15 .- 112.00 m Qfi 116. 82 July20_-.__-__ 112.58 Oct. 23...... 112. 82 Apr. 20 115. 69 July 28. .._.._. 112. 48 Oct. 28-...--.. 112. 85 Jan. 27______114.55 Apr. 27...... 115. 48 112. 38 112. 13 Nov. 11 .. . 111.30 Feb. 10. __.._.. 115. 15 May !!_____.__ 114. 18 Aug. 17--.---.. 111.93 Nov. 18_.______111. 25 Feb. 17...... 115.50 Mayl8_-_ 115.05 Aug. 24 __ ... 111.81 111.00 Feb. 24_...... 114. 85 Aug. 31 -_ 111.76 Dec. 9_-_ ... 111. 10 Mar. 2__. . . 115. 51 114. 60 Sept. 8_ ___ .. 111.61 Dec. 16-----.__ 111. 10 Mar. 9 ...... 115. 55 June 22 _ .. ... 113.95 Sept. 14...... 111.38 Dec. 23. . . 111.30 Mar. 16_. . 116. 06 113. 65 Sept. 21 ..... 111.33 Dec. 30. ___...- 111.30 Mar. 23___._.__ 115. 77 July 8...... 113*52 Sept. 28...... 111.28 Mar. 30_...... 116.07 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 193. Roy Wisecarver. SWJ4NEJ4 see. 1, T. 5 S., R. 5 W. Domestic and stock well, due 4 feet in diam­ eter and 39 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is concrete floor of pump house, 0.3 foot above land surface and 148.43 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Mar 2_._ __ 146. 06 Apr. 24. ____... 135.09 Aug. 10 ___ .. 130. 11 Mar 9 _.... _ _ 144. 31 139. 00 134. 59 Aug. 17. . 129.84 Mar 16 ... . 144.06 137. 71 134. 16 Aug. 24.. _ . 129.70 Mar 23-_-.-._ 142. 50 May 11 _ 135. 82 July6__._. _._. 134. 10 Aug. 31_-_-__._ 129.15 Mar 30 __. 144. 67 JulylS.. _. * 126. 43 Apr. 6. . 143. 02 May25_._ July20_ __ 131.94 Sept. 14.. .. 126.82- Apr, 13--.-... 142. 97 136. 71 July 27-...... * 131.86 Sept. 21_.____ _. 125. 27 Apr. 20_ ...... 140.03 135. 49 Aug. 3 130.62 Sept. 28 125. 57 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. > 196. George Fuller. NWJ4NEJ4 sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 5. W. Domestic and stock well, drilled 6 inches in diameter and 64 feet deep, in pump house 45 feet northwest of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 5-5-2 in wood clamp that supports suction pipe. Measuring point is top of casing, 0.5 foot above land surface and 151.59 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

192S 1930 1936 1936 131.44 Mar. 2___ 141.24 134.08 May 18 * 127. 53 Oct. 21...... 130. 69 Mar. 30 . 141. 55 May 25... __ 138. 11 Dec. 17 m QQ 140.68 137. 55 July25__ Jan. 27--. 138. 91 137. 31 1929 139. 80 136. 90 Feb. 10_ - 136. 40 Feb. 3. .... 140.4 Feb. 19 - 140. 08 June 29- . __ 136. 00 Mar. 24...- .... 139.4 Oct. 3______Feb. 24. ------s 131. 76 July6_-- 135. 62 May 12---- . 139.7 Oct. 18_ -.-._ 129.24 Mar. 2_ --- 138. 25 July 13..----- 134. 77 138. 14 Oct. 21__ 136.50 July20_- 134. 55 July9_ ... 136.2 Oct. 28- 129. 15 Mar. 17 - 136. 45 July 27 - 133.04 133. 79 Nov. 5 .... m 7Q Aug. 3_ ...- 131.68 Sept. 24... . 130. 84 Nov. 11 .--.- Mar. 27 139. 45 Aug. 10. _ .... 132. 78 Oct. 27. 129. 89 Nov. 18. 4 122. 17 Mar. 30 141. 27 Aug. 17-.. ... 132. 27 Nov. 29 -_. - 129. 29 Nov. 26-... 141. 30 Aug. 24_. __ .. 130.76 134. 09 128.63 Apr. 13 - Aug. 31 129. 18 1 9Q *>9 140. 00 Sept. 8 ------131. 27 1930 Dec. 16. _-___-- Apr. 27 139.28 Sept. 14-_. . 131. 13 Dec. 23 131. 37 138. 87 Sept. 21-- 130. 52 Feb. 2 138. 99 140. 35 Sept. 28 -. . 128.50 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. * Pump operating in well. WELL RECORDS 151

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1985-36 Con.

203. William Filler. NEJ4NEH sec. 32, T. 5 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, dug 4^ feet in diameter and 32 feet deep, masonry curb. Copper nail with washer stamped 5-5-1 in plank deck at north side of pump. Measuring point is top of 2-ineh plank deck, 1.0 foot above land surface and 209.74 feet above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 Sept. 24 ----- 189.5 Mar. 23, .---. 203. 35 May 25 L.­ 197. 65 Aug. 3 ... - 187. 33 OAO QQ 186. 31 1936 193.90 Aug. 17 - 186. 17 Apr. 13 202.17 193. 48 Aug. 24. __ -- 184.77 Feb. 19 203.63 Ausj. 31 Feb. 24 - 206. 72 Apr. 27 July 6.. 193. 05 Sept. 8--.. - 184.58 Mar. 2__. ___ 206.53 Julyl3__.__ 189. 34 Sept. 14. ----- 184.42 Mar. 9 __ - 204.70 inn m July20_ 5 188. 72 6 184. 27 Mar. 16 .___ 204.78 May OS.. 137. 93 July27-- - 188.36 Sept. 28_-_- . 184. 27

6 Pump operating in well.

210. Glenn Patty. NE»4NEM see. 10, T. 5 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well dug, 3 feet in diameter and 38.6 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, at west side, 2.2 feet above land surface and 158.62 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 30- 129.86 Jan. 13-... . Apr. 20 149.50 July 13...... 137.09 Nov. 5- Jan. 20. --_.__ 150.41 Apr. 24. __._.__ 149. 52 July 20---_ 136. 55 Nov. 11 130. 14 Jan. 27-- 149. 26 Apr. 27 148.90 July 27- 136. 21 Feb. 3 Aug. 3 . 135.26 Nov. 26 .... Feb. 10 148.04 148. 60 133. 83 Dee. 2 ...... 130. 21 Feb. 19 .. 147. 99 May 18 . 146. 11 Aug. 17 133. 30 Dee. 9 ------129. 86 Feb. 24_. ..____ 144. 08 131. 53 Dec. 16. ------129. 89 Mar. 2 .. ... 153. 43 144.25 130. 71 Dec. 23-. ____-. 131.31 Mar. 9- _ ___ 152.50 143. 00 Sept.8_ .-.-_ 132. 96 142. 78 132. 83 Mar. 23 ..... 150.83 142. 84 Sept. 21-- --.. 130. 89 1936 Mar. 30 ...... 152.64 June 29 ______140. 60 Sept. 28- --___ 130. 28 Apr. 6 152.04 July 6- . 140. 15 Jan. 6__ ...... 133. 61 Apr. 13. ______

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

225. Eunice Hibbs. NWJ4SEJ4 see. 9, T. 5 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 32 feet deep, brick curb with concrete collar. Measuring point is top of 2-ineh plank deck, through bored hole 8 inches northeast of pump, 0.7 foot above land surface and 163.53 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 31-- 140. 57 Jan. 13, __ _-__ 160. 47 Apr. 13 158. 89 July 13- 146. 48 140. 93 Jan. 20,. ... 158. 64 July 20 146. 12 Nov. 11^ --._ 140. 38 Jan. 27.- 157. 46 Apr. 27__ _.___- 156.85 July 27--- 145. 76 Nov. 18 140. 18 Feb. 3 159. 43 155. 78 Aug. 3 145. 04 Feb. 10. 155. 76 Aug. 10 __ _ 143. 89 Dec. 3- __ __ 141. 85 Feb. 19______May 18- 153. 74 Aug. 17 143. 80 Dee. 9_____.__ 142. 17 Feb. 24 .. 161. 45 May 25 152. 79 Aug. 24 142. 87 142. 26 Mar. 2 151. 49 Aug. 31 142. 46 Dec. 23. _..-_ 140. 83 150. 50 Sept. 8-. 142. 27 Dec. 30_ ------144. 17 Mar. 16______160. 26 150. 36 Sept. 14--. 141. 96 Mar. 23... 149. 01 Sept. 21---.... 141. 73 Mar. 30 160. 46 147. 60 Sept. 28-- _ 141. 40 Jan. 6_ ...... 147. 15

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 152 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-86 Con. 228. C. Anderson (formerly S. F. Parker). SEJ4SWJ4 sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, dug 36 inches in diameter and 29.5 feet deep, in yard at northeast corner of residence. Measuring points: Top of box curb at center of west side, copper nail with washer, 1.8 feet above land surface and 177.4 feet above mean sea level; and in 1935-36, top of 2-inch plank platform, 0.8 foot above land surface and 176.40 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936' 149.9 153.88 153. 11 149.4 Apr. 27 ----- 173. 32 152. 50 Dec. 16 148.5 July 22 ... 148. 74 Feb. 3- ... - 173. 15 152. 50 Feb. 10 172. 88 151. 99 1929 1935 Feb. 19 161. 05 151. 11 Feb. 24 173. 34 June 29. 150. 83 Feb. 3 .... 156.4 Oct. 3_ 149. 85 Mar. 2...... 173. 21 July 6--. ... 151. 20 Mar. 23--. .. 154.2 Oct. 11...... 149. 75 170. 94 July 13 150. 61 May 12 156.2 Oct. 15-.-..... 149. 82 Mar. 16 171. 08 July 20 150. 87 152. 60 Oct. 23. .... 149. 90 Mar. 23. 164. 66 July 27.. __ - 150. 51 Julys. 151. 15 Oct. 28 149. 63 165. 35 150. 67 150. 05 149. 17 Mar. 30 --- 166. 83 150. 45 Sept. 24__ 149. 40 Nov. 11...... 149. 58 163. 82 Aug. 17- __ .- 150. 48 Oct. 27 - - 148. 90 Nov. 18 . . 149. 21 Apr. 13-. ... 161. 34 Aug. 24. ... - 150. 46 Nov. 29 ... .. 147. 30 148. 87 Apr. 20- .... 161. 29 Aug. 31 150. 13 146.70 Dec. 9-...... 148. 92 Apr. 27... 156. 70 Sept. 8. . 149. 75 Dec. 16 148. 71 155. 06 Sept. 14-. __ - 149. 85 1930 Dec. 23- ... 148. 41 May 11..- ..... 154. 25 Sept. 21- ... 149. 90 Feb. 2.. .. 148. 40 149. 06 May 18 ... 153. 50 149. 77

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

235. Cora M. Nash. NEJ4NEM sec. 32, T. 5 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, dug 3}4 feet in diameter and 27.4 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of concrete well cover, through 1-inch hole 10 inches north of pump, 0.5 foot above land surface and 161.63 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level 'Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 31...... 142. 95 Nov. 5...... 142. 93 Jan. 13-. _ .. 160. 46 Apr. 14 .... 158. 89 July 15. 150. 84 Nov. 11...... 142. 66 Jan. 20...... 160. 00 Apr. 21 159. 00 July 21-. ... 150. 77 Nov. 18 - 142. 78 Jan. 27_. - 157. 92 Apr. 28. ... 157. 96 July 28- 150. 47 Nov. 26 ..... 142. 61 Feb. 3 159. 54 157.54 150. M Dec. 3 ... 142. 48 Feb. 10 . 159. 01 May 12 ... 157. 53 Aug. 11 ? 147. 77 Dec. 9. _ . .... 142. 52 Feb. 19 157. 51 147. 54 Dec. 16 142. 44 Feb. 25...... 160. 44 May 25-...... 156. 26 Aug. 25- .... 146. 63 Dec. 23 148. 48 Mar. 2 .... . 159. 74 156. 34 Sept. 1...... 145. 92 Dec. 28 148. 50 Mar. 9.. __ ._ 158. 48 154.04 Sept. 9- ... 145. 54 Dec. 30.. ------158. 39 Mar. 17 . 159. 85 153. 52 Sept. 15-. 145. 26 Mar. 23 .... . 159. 05 152. 36 Sept. 22.. __... 144. 20 1936 Mar. 31 ._ 159. 67 152. 21 Sept. 29--.. 142. 92 Jan. 6__ ...... 158. 67 Apr. 7 159. 95 July?-. . 151. 54

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 7 Adjacent land being irrigated. WELL RECORDS 153

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

243. Ernest Andres. SWJ4NEJ4 sec. 20, T. 5 8., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 30 inches in diameter and 23 feet deep, concreie-tile casing. Measuring point is top of plank deck, through hole for discharge pipe, 0.5 foot above land surface and 177.16 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1938 1936 Oct. 9 ...... 155. 75 166. 44 Apr. 13 172.85 July 6 162. 76 156. 91 171. 14 Apr. 20 ..... 172. 79 July 13-. ... 161.88 Oct. 24----.... 156. 86 Feb. 3 ...... 171. 19 171. 31 July 20 ._ 161.31 Oct. 28- 156. 86 Feb. 10 169. 42 170. 41 July 27 161.22 156.78 Feb. 19 170. 50 May 11...... 169. 97 Aug. 3 . 160.23 Nov. 11...... 156. 66 Feb. 24,. __ .. 175. 28 169. 69 159. 97 Nov. 18 156. 51 Mar. 2 174. 92 May 25 168.18 158.20 Dec. 2 ...... 156.58 Mar. 9 .... 174. 15 167. 30 Aug. 24 ...... 158.09 156. 94 Mar. 16. 173. 25 165. 90 167. 70 Dec. 16 . _ ... 158.31 Mar. 23 - 172. 99 165. 18 157. 69 Dec. 23 ...... 158. 08 Mar. 30 174. 18 June 22 ...... 164.20 Sept. 14 _ ..... 158.80 173. 42 164.09 157. 55 Sept. 28 - 157. 33

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

. 245. Agricultural Research Corporation (Sam H. Brown). NWJ4SWJ4 sec. 25, T. 5 S., R. 2 W. Irriga­ tion well, drilled; 18-inch double stovepipe casing to depth of 155 feet, perforated from 117 to 147 feet; 6-inch standard casing from 150 to 252 feet, perforated from 215 to 245 feet. In pump house northeast of residence. Measuring points: Drilline platform, about 0.5 foot above land surface, and 181 feet above mean sea le*vel (by Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station); beginning April 10, 1930, upper face of pump-base flange at drilled hole, 1.0 foot above land surface and 181.31 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1930 1930 1936 8 158. 1 Aug. 28- is 155. 5 Mar. 30 ... 166.14 Mar. 10 -.---.---.. » 162. 6 is 155. 5 166.20 Mar. 11- -. .- » 162. 2 Apr. 13-...... 166. 11 Mar. 13, 1:30 p.m. 9 163. 4 1935 Apr. 20_...... 166.37 "117.2 Oct. 10 Anr 97 164.79 162.9 Oct. 16 _. _ , ...... 157. 86 May 4.- .... - 164. 43 Mar. 14, 1:30 p. m _ _ » 111.0 Oct. 24 ...... 157. 79 May 11-. . 163.92 Mar. 31 . 164.7 Oct. 28 ...... 157. 79 May 18 _ . 163.67 Apr. 10, 3:35 p. m. .... 161.0 157. 51 163.26 12 124. 65 Nov. 11. __ ...... 157. 55 162. 77 Apr. 10, 4:45 p. m. .... 12 122. 9 Nov. 18 157.46 162. 52 Apr. 10, 4:55 p. m __ 12 120. 85 Dec. 3-.- .... 157. 41 162. 42 Apr. 10, 5:17 p. m. .... 12 117. 7 Dec. 9 ------157. 47 161.28 12115.8 Dec. 17- 157. 74 160. 09 Apr. 10, 6:04 p. m_ .... 12 114. 7 Dec. 23 ____ 158. 04 JulvS - ... - 160. 75 Apr. 10, 6:15 p. m- .... 12 114. 1 Dec. 31 __ ... . 158. 36 160. 71 Apr. 10, 6:20 p. m. 12 114.0 July20 159. 99 Apr. 11 . 157.9 1936 July 28. - is 148. 3 Jan. 6 ... 160.15 Aug. 3 159.24 Aug. 8. --. . 8116.3 Jan. 13 .... _ _ 162. 17 Aug. 10 159. 07 Aug. 12 -.- - . 156.2 Jan. 20. ___ ...... 162. 79 Aug. 17 - 158.54 " 155. 20 Jan. 27- __ _ 164. 36 Aug. 24 158. 42 Aug. 15 13 155. 20 Feb. 3 .___ ... 166.11 Aug. 31 158. 39 Aug. 21, 10:25 a. m . 157.5 Feb. 10_.-----. . ..-- Sept. 8 158. 24 Aug. 21, 11:25 a. m __ 5 119. 3 Feb. 17-- 165. 73 Sept. 14 . 158. 11 Aug. 21, 1:35 p. m -. 5 112. 8 Feb. 24_ . ___ . . . 166.08 Septl21 ...... 157. 98 Aug. 21, 2:45 p. m ____. 5 112. 1 Mar. 2...... 165. 88 Sept. 28 157.78 Aug. 27, 1:20 p. m 157.83 Mar. 9__ _ 166. 09 Aug. 27, 4:15 p. m... .. 5 120. 87 Mar. 16-.. _ . . ... 5 119. 71 Mar. 23----- _ ..... 165. 61

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 5 Pump operating in well. 8 Outer 18-inch casing not perforated; inner 6-inch casing perforated and cut off at depth of 150 feet on March 4. 9 Outer 18-inch casing perforated March 5-6, well being developed by intermittent pumping beginning March 8. 1° Pumping level after withdrawal at rate of 1.8 second-feet for 3^ hours. 11 Pumping level after withdrawal at rate of 1.95 second-feet for 5 Mi hours. 12 Water level during pumping test from 3:35 to 6:20 p. m.; withdrawal began at 2.09 second-feet but declined gradually to 1.82 second-feet. '3 Pump idle but water level depressed by pumping within 24 hours or less. 154 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 250. Joseph Kuhn. NWJ£SEJ£ sec. 26, T. 5 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 4»/2 feet square and 19 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is edge of 2-inch plank, 0.5 foot above land surface and 181.47 feet»above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 10...... 167. 45 179. 03 JulyS.- _ Oct. 16--...._. 167. 45 Jan. 13...... 179. 40 Apr. 13 . 178. 82 171.84 Oct. 24_. ______167. 39 Jan. 20.. ...___ 180. 20 Apr. 20_. ______178. 58 July 20. _._.._ 170. 97 Oct. 28...... 167. 53 Jan. 24_. ...___ 179. 15 Apr. 27__. .____ 177. 38 170. 90 167. 51 Feb. 3______176. 8fi 170.02 Nov. 11 _____ 167. 63 Feb. 10____..._ 178. 66 May 11.... . 176. 42 Aug. 10_._____ 169. 78 Nov. 18______._ 167. 91 Feb. 17...... 178. 32 May 18__._. ___ 176. 79 Aug. 17.. _._._. 169. 35 167. 90 Feb. 24_. -____. 178.32 176.07 169. 07 169. 66 179. 09 175.15 Aug. 31.-.--... 168.90 Dec. 17__._.___ Mar. 9...... 179. 05 174.72 170. 47 Mar. 16.. _____ 178. 86 174. 50 Sept. 14 168.49 Dec. 31. ____._. 170. 63 Mar. 23______179. 16 173. 89 Sept. 21-... 168. 47 Mar. 30_. .__.._ 178. 95 June 29-.-. .... 173. 08 Sept. 28 167. 90

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

254. J. P. Landen. SEJ£NEJ£ sec. 8, T. 5 S., R. 1. W. Domestic well, dug 30 inches in diameter and 18 feet deep, culvert-pipe casing with concrete collar. Measuring point is top of concrete collar at south side, 2.8 feet above land surface and 183.95 feet' above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 168. 25 171.47 Mar. 30__...__. 177.95 July 8-- _-_. 170. 27 168.48 Jan. 13. .-__-._ 173. 67 177. 73 July 13...... 170. 78 Oct. 24...... 168. 55 Jan. 20_-__.____ 175. 28 Apr. 13. __._.._ 177. 33 July 20...... 170.51 168. 23 Jan. 27_ ___.--. 174. 10 Apr. 20____. ___ 17fi. 37 168. 27 Feb. 3 - 174. 47 Apr. 27.----. 175. 73 170. 13 NOV. n...... Feb. 7. ._____._ 174 84 175. 02 168. 21 Feb. 10. ___.... 174.90 167. 88 Feb. 17_. ______175.67 174. 60 Aug. 24. _.____. 169. 64 167. 97 Feb. 24__.__.__ 175. 53 May 25______173. 73 Auer. 31- -.. 169. 43 168. 16 Feb. 28 177. 56 172.64 168.01 Mar. 2______172. 26 Sept. 14___._.__ 169. 63 T.OP ^n 172. 15 Sept. 21 Mar 16...... 177.95 June 22 _ .. ... 171. 39 Sept. 28 ..... 169.20 171. 6fi

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 258. Prudential Insurance Co. (formerly B. F. Shrock). NEJ£NWJ£ sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 1 W. Unused well, dug 36 inches in diameter and 29 feet deep, at northwest corner of residence. Well receives run- jff from roof of residence, so that water level is not reliable during rainy season. Measuring points: Top of brick curb, south side, 0.5 foot above land surface and 196.42 feet above mean sea level; beginning October 10, 1935, top face of concrete sidewalk over well, through hand hole, 196.02 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1935 1935 168.5 Sept. 24______._ 168.6 Oct. 3...... -- 169. Oi Dec. 31. _ 169. 45 Oct. 20__._____ 167. 97 Oct. 26_. ______168. 17 Oct. 10__._____ 168. 62 168.7 Nov. 29. .__.. Oct. 16.-..---- 168.53 1936 Dec. 30______Oct. 24______168. 52 169.00 177. 13 Nov. 4 ______168. 02 Nov. 11 _ _ _ _ 169. 74 Jan. 20_ ...... 176. 63 172. 07 Mar. 2_..______176. 17 Dec. 3. _ _ _ _ 166. 82 173.7 Mar. 30______. 175. 77 Dec. 9. ______167.94 167. 72 169.9 July 25_. ______Dec. 23_. _ ___ 167. 56

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 155

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1988-30 and 1935-36 Con. 259. Prudential Insurance Co. (formerly B. F. Shrock). NEJ£NW% sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 1 W. Domestic and stock well, drilled 4 inches in diameter and 137 feet deep, in pump house 15 feet west of well 258. Measuring point is top of 4-inch casing, 0.5 foot above land surface and 196.24 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level ' Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1935 1935 1936 . Sept. 24. ... . 157.5 Oct. 3...... 157. 55 Dec. 23 157. 18 May 25 ____ 160.79 6 157. 04 Oct. 10. ------157. 46 157. 56 July 13- - 160.04 Nov. 29 - 155. 74 Oct. 16 . 157. 41 158.26 159. 44 Oct. 24__- - 157.44 1936 Sept. 14 ----- 156.86 156.84 1930 157.44 159. 87 156. 62 157. 16 164. 87 Feb. 2------.. 160.44 Nov. 18 157. 24 Feb. 10-- 160.29 Mar. 2 . 162. 44 156. 62 158. 82 Mar. 30 . 162. 39 157. 64 Mar. 16 162. 77 Apr. 27- 162. 14 Dec. 17. - 157. 44 Apr. 13 162.44 July 25...... 159. 44

2 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well a short time prior to measurement.

260. Prudential Insurance Co. NE^NWM sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 1 W. Unused well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 27 feet deep, brick curb. Beginning Jan. 20, 1936, a substitute for well 258, which is ab out 650 feet to the south. Measuring point is top of brick curb, level with land surface and 193.87 feet 2 above mean sea level

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Jan. 20 _ 172. 47 Mar. 9. ____ 178. 13 May 18 . 173.90 July 28.-- 169. 74 Jan. 27 179. 74 177. 92 May 25 . ... 173. 53 Aug. 3 169.54 Jan. 31 178. 65 Mar. 23 177. 70 172. 81 / 169. 40 Feb. 3- 175. 99 Mar. 30 - 177. 97 172. 37 Aug. 17 169. 12 Feb. 7- 177. 39 Apr. 6. ....- - 177.79 171. 98 Aug. 24.. __ . 168.90 Feb. 10 175. 13 177. 57 171. 43 169. 85 Feb. 17 175. 19 Apr. 20 176. 70 171. 10 Sept. 8 ...... 169.60 Feb. 24 177. 12 Apr. 27 176. 18 July 8-- 170. 89 Sept. 14...... 168. 27 Feb. 28 177. 53 174. 82 170. 23 168. 10 Mar. 2...... 177. 97 May 11.. _ ... 174. 22 July 20.-- 170. 03 167. 96

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

283. I. O. O. F. Hall. SE^NEM sec. 8, T. 6 S., R. 5 W. Domestic well, dug 36 inches in diameter and 27 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring points: Top of box curb, 3.1 feet above land surface and 184.10 feet above mean sea level; beginning February 1936, top of 2-inch plank cover, through bored hole at center, 1.0 foot above land surface and 181.94 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 Sept. 24 163.8 Mar. 30 179. 15 177. 03 Aug. 3 . 179. 37 176. 21 Aug. 10 167. 74 1936 Apr. 13- 178. 65 174. 91 Aug. 17 167. 25 Apr. 20 178. 24 174. 18 Feb. 24 179. 40 Apr. 27. 178. 01 172. 75 Aug. 31 ..... 166.97 Mar. 2 179. 10 May 4...... 177. 76 July 6.- .. 172. 11 Sept. 8- __ ... 164.71 178. 94 May 11 -- 177. 70 July IS.... 170. 61 Sept. 14. . 164.88 Mar. 16 179. 75 MlaylS... 177. 43 July 20.. - 170. 06 Sept. 21 ..... 164.02 Mar. 23 . 178. 80 177. 70 169. 87 163.87

'Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

408526 i2 156 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 284. Frank M. MeCann. SWM.NWM see. 11, T. 6 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, bored 6 inches in diameter and 29 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. Measuring points: Top of easing, 1.9 feet above land surface and 187.18 feet above mean sea level; beginning February 1936, top of easing (cut-off), 0.8 foot above land surface and 180.39 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 169.8 Mar. 30 - 184.08 180. 82 174. 45 Apr. 16- ... 184.17 179. 36 Aug. 10 172. 87 1936 Apr. 13 182. 95 179. 16 Aug. 17 172. 76 178. 26 172. 32 Feb. 19------177. 75 Apr. 27.- ... 182. 17 June 29 177. 47 Aug. 31 172. 00 Feb. 24 185. 34 181. 87 July 6. 177.02 Sept. 8 169. 32 Mar. 2_ --_ 185.82 May 11 July 13... 175. 61 Sept. 14- 169. 18 Mar. 9 -. 183. 99 May 18 181. 07 July 20- 175. 03 Sept. 21 -... 169. 62 Mar. 16. - 183.97 May 25 - 180. 51 July 27-. 174.90 Sept. 28 i 169. 30 Mar. 23 ..... 183. 35

> Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

291. Robert Cole. NEMSEJ4 sec. n( T. 6 S., R. 3 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 3 feet in diameter and 22.5 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 4-ineh plank deck, through bored hole, 0.9 foot above land surface and 122.76 feet * above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 100. 69 Jan. 21...... 106.44 Apr. 14 102. 18 July 14. 100. 57 Nov. 12 . 99.56 104. 76 Apr. 20 . 101. 57 July 21... 100.50 Nov. 19 100. 08 Feb. 4_ 103. 97 Apr. 28 101. 50 July 28-... 100. 33 Dee. 3- 99.58 Feb. 11. ... 103. 38 100. 83 100. 29 99.78 102. 74 May 12 . 100. 49 Aug. 11 100. 22 Dee. 17. ------99.78 Feb. 24....--.. 103. 14 101. 18 Aug. 18 100. 21 Dee. 24- ... 99.97 103. 17 101. 11 Aug. 24. ___ 99.82 100. 52 1ft9 nn 100. 52 99.89 Mar 16 102. 58 100. 97 Sept. 9 100. 75 1936 Mar 24 103. 43 101. 50 Sept. 15 - 100. 68 Mar 31 102. 09 100. 95 Sept. 22...... 100. 57 101. 04 July 9--.- 100. 64 Sept. 29 99.97

« Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

293. Nick Valieeh. SEHNWJ4 see. 23, T. 6 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, dug 3 feet in diameter and 75.3 feet deep. Measuring point is top of concrete deck, at east side of 5^-inch hole, 0.4 foot above land surface and 181.41 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Nov. 5.-.-.... 110. 76 Jan. 21...... 117. 56 Apr. 20 --- 111. 26 July 21. . 110. 69 Nov. 12--. . 110.74 m CQ 111. 12 July 28-. 110. 71 Nov. 19.- 110. 69 Feb. 4.-. . 112. 86 110.30 110. 69 110. 51 113. 51 May 12 110. 19 Aug. 11 110. 71 Dee. 10- 110. 69 Feb. 19- 111.94 Aug. 18. 110. 61 Dec. 17 110. 81 Feb. 24 112 47 111.06 110. 54 111. 03 Mar. 3 -- 113. 75 110. 28 Sept. 1. .. _ ... 109. 32 Dee. 31. __ 111. 30 113. 16 110. 91 Sept. 9 109. 41 Mar. 16-..--.. 111. 99 110. 93 Sept. 15.__ 109. 27 1936 Mar. 24-... 111. 68 June 23. _ __ 109. 90 Sept. 22- . 109. 21 Mar. 31-- 112. 08 109. 72 Sept. 29- -. 108. 03 112. 52 Apr. 7 112.26 July 9.... 110. 41 Jan. 14 __ . 115. 46 July 14. . 110. 51

» Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 157 TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

295. R. J. Hackett. NEMSWM sec. 29, T. 6 S., R. 3 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 5 feet in diameter and 41.6 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, about 2 feet south and 10 inches west of pump, 1.2 feet above land surface and 174.08 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 31-- ... 144.58 149. 55 Apr. 14 165. 34 July 14 144.88 Nov. 5 143. 83 Jan. 13 ...... 170. 61 Apr. 21 5 158. 63 July 21.. 144. 49 Nov. 11 142. 53 Jan. 18--. 167. 95 Apr. 24.. - « 158. 61 July 28--- 142. 99 144. 96 Jan. 27-. 158.53 Apr. 28 « 154. 84 142. 26 Nov. 26 143. 74 Feb. 3_ .... 158. 90 153. 38 A no1 11 144.46 145. 03 Feb. 10 161. 52 May 12 _ 153. 40 Aug. 18. 5 142. 99 146. 20 Feb. 20 - 162. 05 May 19__... _ . 151. 94 Aug. 25-. ------145. 59 Dec. 16...... 145.04 Feb. 25 167. 94 150.44 145. 05 Dec. 23__._--._ 146. 18 Mar. 3 -.-. 164. 89 151. 49 143. 9T Dec. 28 . 146. 41 Mar. 10 164. 92 148. 26 141. 22 Mar. 17 157. 14 147. 20 Sept. 22... . 144.48 1936 Mar. 24 . 148. 30 Mar. 31 165. 08 145. 69 Jan. 4.-....-.. 163. 85 Apr. 7 165. 32 July 7. 145. 10

« Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well.

297. Gideon E. Stolz. SEMSEH sec. 33, T. 6 S., R. 3 W. Irrigation well, drilled 8 inches in diameter and 57 feet deep, in shed west of residence, standard steel casing and concrete-lined pit. Measuring points: Top of casing in pit, 119.56 feet above mean sea level; beginning November 12, 1935, top of timber, through 1-inch bored hole at north edge of pump base, 1.0 foot above land surface and 134.14 feet above mean sea level. Reference bench mark, top of concrete pit curb at northwest corner, 13.70 feet above top of casing and 133.02 feet above mean sea level. Water-stage recorder operated on well from August 3, 1929, to July 24, 1930.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1930 1936 1936 JulyS. 109. 26 Mar. 30 .... 111. 31 Jan. 7__ . 109.52 June 2. _ . .... 110. 91 Aug. 3 ...... 107.26 Apr. 27 109. 71 Jan. 14 -_ 113. 01 106.01 May 29 ._ 109. 16 Jan. 21 ...... 115. 16 Sept. 24___ 105. 47 July 24...... 106. 75 Jan. 28.- 114. 01 June 23- . .... 109. 58 Oct. 23- ---... 105. 07 Feb. 4...... 114. 17 June 30.- __ - 109. 40 Oct. 26...... 1935 Feb. 11...... 113. 49 July9_ - .. 108. 95 Nov. 29 ... 104. 81 Feb. 19. 113. 70 July 14.. 108. 55 Dec. 13. 104.93 Oct. 4...... - 104. 74 Feb. 24.. ... 113. 32 July 21. ...-.-. 109. 17 Oct. 11_- 104. 89 Mar. 3 114. 39 July 28-. 107. 76 109.26 Oct. 16_ ...... 104. 86 114. 55 107. 87 Oct. 24 104. 91 Mar. 16 ..... 113. 78 Aug. 11 _ 1930 Oct. 29. 104. 98 Mar. 24 113. 53 Aug. 18 . 106. 74 Nov. 5 ..... 105. 39 Mar. 31 112. 82 Aug. 25- - Jan. 12_- _ 109. 16 Nov. 12 105. 46 Apr. 7 112. 93 106. 26 Jan. 25 .... 108. 66 Nov. 19 . .- 106. 54 Apr. 14_ 113. 27 Sept. 9-_.__ 106.24 Feb. 2_ .... 108. 71 Dec. 3___. 106. 42 Apr. 21 __ 113. 02 Sept. 15.--. ... 106. 14 Feb. 8 .... 101. 39 Dec. 10 106. 15 Apr. 28 . 112. 17 Sept. 22__ 106. 00 Feb. 16 ... 112. 11 Dec. 17 106. 84 112. 41 Sept. 29----- 105. 78 Feb. 23-. _ -. 112. 86 Dec. 24_-...... 106. 97 May 12 « 110.81 Mar. 2, ...... 113. 22 Dec. 31...... 106. 92 May 19__ ...... 112. 17 Mar. 19...... 111. 79 < 111.38 i 1 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 158 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

302. R. J. Galagher (formerly J. E. Boyce). SEV4NEM sec. 17, T. 6 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 24 inches in diameter and 21 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of casing, at east side, 0.3 foot below land surface and 178.84 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 10... 163. 19 166. 87 Mar. 23 ---. 176. 41 166. 74 Oct. 16-.... 164. 37 Mar. 30 177. 03 JulyS-- 165. 38 Oct. 24...... 163. 18 Jan. 20 177. 27 175. 63 July 13...... 165. 02 Oct. 29...... 164.22 Jan. 24_...... 176. 76 Apr. 14 176. 63 July 28.. __ .. 165. 24 162. 45 175. 52 Aug. 3.-. .. 164. 24 Nov. 12___._ 162. 69 Feb. 3 _ _ 173. 26 172. 00 164.01 Nov. 19...... 162. 60 Feb. 10-.-...-. 173. 21 170. 90 Aug. 17 164. 41 161. 59 Feb. 17.. 172. 19 164. 21 164. 57 Feb. 24..- . 177. 61 169. 28 Aug. 31- 163. 80 Dec. 17 . 162. 52 Mar. 2 177. 34 May 25 .... « 168. 17 163. 63 Dec. 23...... 162. 62 Mar. 9 ...... 176. 46 167. 30 Sept. 14...... 163. 52 Dec. 31- 163. 26 176. 09 165. 89 Sept. 21 . 163.23 163. 74 Sept. 28 163. 02

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. * Pump operating in well.

BOS. Carl Aspinwall. NEJ4SWJ4 sec. 17, T. 6 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 36 inches in diameter and 16 feet deep, in yard 45 feet west of southwest corner of post office and store. Copper nail with washer stamped 6-2-4 in plank well cover. Measuring point is top of plank well cover, at copper nail with washer, 180.5 feet above mean sea level (hand level).

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1928 1929 1929 Sept. 21 Dec 17 169.1 Feb. 3 179.0 173. 70 Oct. 20-. 166.4 Mar. 23 ._ 178.5 July3-_ __ 169. 48 May 12...... 177. 45

305. Nels C. Johnson. NWHSEH sec. 24, T. 6 S., R. 2 W. Stock well, dug 3 feet in diameter and 20 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 2-inch wood deck, through bored hole, 0.5 foot above land surface and 201.66 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 10...... 184. 16 195. 78 201. 66 Julys- 188.85 Oct. 16...... 184. 21 Jan. 14 .- 200. 28 Apr. 13- . 198. 66 July 13.. ... 188. 09 Oct. 24...... 184. 04 Jan. 21 .... 200. 03 Apr. 20. .... 198. 08 July 20- 187. 38 Oct. 29.... 183. 81 Jan. 28 _____ 198. 56 Apr. 27 ... 197. 68 July 28-. __ 187. 26 183. 82 Feb. 4...... 198. 71 197. 28 Aug. 3...... 186. 63 Nov 12 183. 96 Feb. 11 May 11 196. 55 186. 27 Nov. 19 184. 08 Fob 19 May 18 ...... 196. 09 Aug. 17 185. 63 183. 52 Feb. 24 200. 13 195. 62 Aug. 24- ...... 185. 29 186.44 Mar. 3 ..... 199. 36 194. 44 Aug. 31 185. 07 Dec. 23 . 185. 91 199. 05 194. 27 Sept. 8- ...... 184. 99 Dec. 28.... 186. 39 Mar. 16 199. 14 193. 64 Sept. 14 185. 22 Dec. 31 ...... 188. 36 Mar. 23 _ .. 198. 97 June 22 ...... 192. 21 Sept 21...... 184. 47 Mar. 30 ..... 200. 08 191. 47 Sept. 28 184. 25

«Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 159

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-SO and 1935-36 Con.

318. Fred Lucht. NWHSWJ4 sec. 1, T. 6 S., R. 1 E. Stock well, dug 42 inches in diameter and 21 feet deep, in yard 60 feet west of northwest corner of barn. Copper nail with washer stamped 6-1-1 in plank well cover. Measuring point is top of plank well cover at copper nail with washer, 1.0 foot above land surface and 261.38 feet above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 . 1936 Sept. 21 ... .. Oct. 3- 245. 42 Tan 94. May 18 254. 91 Oct. 20-...-. _ Oct. 11-- - 247. 06 Jan. 27 258. 61 254. 32 Oct. 16 247. 70 258. 40 253. 14 1929 Oct. 24-...... Feb. 3 - 257. 76 253. 90 Oct. 28-- - 246. 33 Feb. 7 258. 21 June 15 - 254. 58- July 3. ... 252. 23 245.11 Feb. 10 252. 8» 249. 93 Feb. 17 258. 21 252. 34 Sept. 24 Nov. 18 --- 249 74 Feb. 24 . Julys. 251. 57 Oct. 26-- 246. 57 July 13. _ 251. 35 Nov. 29 245. 13 252. 34 Mar. 2 - 259. 29 July 20 251. 04 Dec. 30_ __ - 258. 18 258. 31 July 28 250. 53 Dec. 23 252 26 249. 93 1930 Dec. 28 252. 97 Mar. 23 257. 77 249. 7f> Dec. 31 258. 20 Mar. 30 259. 73 Aug. 17- 249. 04 Feb. 2 A IT or 94 248.65 Mar. 2__._ . 259. 13 Apr. 13 ----- 257. 54 Aug. 31 247. 10 Mar. 30 ..... 257. 78 Apr. 20-..-.-- 256. 66 Sept. 8 * 246. 79 A r. r O7 Sept. 14 247. 88 July 25-.- OKA «Q 260 06 Sept. 21 247. 76 259. 58 Sept. 28 247. 33

4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 321. J. J. Neufeld. SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 8, T. 7 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 13 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of cover of well housing, at northwest side, 2.6 feet above land surface and 186.54 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 30.-.-- .. 173. 17 182. 05 182. 33 176. 87 172. 45 Apr 14 181. 13 July 14...... 176. 76 Nov. 12 -..._ 183. 01 Apr. 21 181.08 July 21...... Nov. 19 -.-. 172. 10 Apr. 28 179. 82 July 28... . 175. 93 Nov. 27. (14) Jan. 27 .... . 179. 21 Aug. 4 ..... 175. 79 (H) Feb. 3 ... .. 181. 85 Aug. 11 171.88 Feb. 10__ - TV/To T7 1Q 178. 11 Aug. 18 17J>. 72 171. 93 Feb. 20_ . 182. 03 178. 08 Aug 25 171; oo 178. 32 183. 37 178. 00 Sept. 1 ...... 174. 78 Dec. 28. 179. 55 Mar. 3 177. 35 Sept. 9 174. 73 Dec. 30 182. 16 Mar. 10 .-- 181. 89 177. 46 Mar. 17 177. 12 Aug. 22 173. 61 176. 86 Aug. 29 ... - 173. 48 182. 29

»Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. " Well dry. 160 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, ORE<5.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1988-80 and 1935-36 Con. 323. Wm. C. Palmer. NEHSWJ4 sec. 19, T. 7 8., R. 4 W. Stock well, bored 4 inches in diameter and 21.1 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. About 235 feet north of well 322, in which the ground-water level was measured once in 1928 and again hi 1935. Measuring point is top of casing, level with land surface and 186.77 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 28.. 179. 92 184. 59 Apr. 7. _____ 185. 69 July 7. 183. 15 Nov. 6 ___ __ 179. 15 Jan. 13 -.--.. 186. 40 Apr. 14 185. 74 July 14..- .. 182. 04 Nov. 12 179. 68 185. 87 185. 76 182. 40 Nov. 19 ----- 6 177. 97 Jan. 27 . 183. 74 Apr. 28-. 184. 92 July 28.. . 182. 08 Nov. 27.- .... 179.07 Feb. 3...... 182. 60 185. 38 182. 06 Dec. 3...... 178. 81 Feb. 10 185. 30 A no- 11 181. 89 Dec. 10. .... 181. 09 Feb. 20------. 185. 41 185. 06 Aug. 18____ . 181. 48 Dec. 17.. 181.06 Feb. 25---...-. 186. 30 184. 49 Aus. 25 _ -_-__ 181.66 Dec. 23 - 181. 38 184. 48 179. 52 Dec. 30...... 184.70 Mar. 10 .. . 185. 44 184. 11 Sept. 9 .... 179. 36 185. 34 184. 41 178.41 Mar. 23 . 185. 47 June 23_ _ _.__ 184. 59 Sept. 22... _____ 180. 74 Mar. 31- 185. 66 183. 31 180.48

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well. 327. Lauren Stettler. N WJ4SEJ4 sec. 1, T. 7 S., R. 3 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 3 feet in diam­ eter and 19.6 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, at east side, 1.0 foot above land surface and 152.85 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 133. 15 Jan. 21 135. 94 Apr. 21 135. 28 July 14-. 134.46 Nov. 12_...__.. 133. 60 Jan. 28- Apr. 28- . 135. 89 July 21_. _.-_.. 134. 37 Nov. 19 . 133. 85 Feb. 4___ _ 136. 22 135.58 July 28------133. 45 Dec. 3 133. 82 Feb. 11_ ____ 135. 68 May 12 . 135. 03 133. 73 134. 16 Feb. 19._._ _ _ 135. 08 Aug. 11 133.61 Dec. 17- . 134. 16 Feb. 25 .. 137. 23 135. 32 Aug. 18.. -_..__ 131. 67 Dec. 24. .._.-- 134. 30 Mar. 3. -._.. 137. 92 134. 41 Aug. 25__ _ __. (4) 134. 06 Mar. 10.. ____ 138. 11 135. 48 Aug. 29 - 129.20 134. 36 Sept. 1 --._ 129. 46 1936 Mar. 24 .. 137. 74 133. 85 Sept. 15 133. 45 Mar. 31. .. 136. 56 June 30 133. 18 Sept. 22 ______133. 43 135. 60 Apr. 7 136. 69 July9___-._-__ 134. 25 Sept. 29 . 133. 83 Jan. 14 135. 27 Apr. 14 - 136. 15 8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 328. John C. Jackson. NEMNWM sec. 13, T. 7 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, dug 3^ feet in diameter and 35.5 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, at south side, level with land surface and 167.30 feet 2 above sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date ' level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 132. 21 Jan.21__-_ _ Apr. 14. ,_-.___ 135. 78 July 14.. 133. 91 Nov. 12 132. 15 Jan. 28.- 134. 15 Apr. 21. 134. 88 July 21 - 133. 70 132. 20 134. 87 Apr. 28 July 28-.. 135. 45 Dec. 3._ . 132.00 Feb. 4______... 134. 30 134. 70 133. 25 Dec. 10. ------132.00 Feb. 11...... 134. 15 May 12 134. 00 Aug. 11 - 133. 30 134. 22 133. 00 Dec. 24..-.-.. 132. 45 Feb. 25 134. 82 May 26 --. 134. 10 132.80 Dec. 31 . - 132. 30 Mar. 3...... 135.20 134. 40 Sept. 1 132. 45 Mar. 10 m en 134. 76 132. 37 1936 Mar. 17 135. 60 134. 66 Sept. 15- . 132. 34 Mar. 24 ._ 136. 08 134.52 Sept. 22 ..... 132. 09 Jan. 7 ...... 133. 18 Mar. 31- .__ 133.93 Sept. 29 132. 30 Jan. 14-. 139. 75 Apr. 7 ... -- 135. 86 July 9.- 134. 97 ! Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 161

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con. 346. E. O. Armann. NEKSWK sec. 35, T. 7 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, drilled 6 inches in diameter and 28.0 feet deep, tile casing. Measuring point is top of casing, at south side, level with land surface and 179.40 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 157. 14 Jan. 14 171. 71 169. 88 July 14. 155. 91 Nov. 12 160.17 Jan. 21 168. 87 Apr. 14 161. 83 July 21.. 156. 03 Nov. 18 .. 162. 80 Jan. 24 166. 79 Apr. 21.. 161. 03 July 28- 156. 31 Dec. 4. Jan. 28...... 164.49 165. 72 156. 35 Dec. 10.. 164. 40 Jan. 31 1«5. 88 165. 77 Aug. 11 156. 13 Dec. 18- .... 164.16 Feb. 4.--.- . 165. 13 May 12. ---.-_ 165. 23 Aug. 18 . 159. 52 Dec. 24. ._ 163. 16 m 74 AT Q v 1 Q A-i-iff OK 159. 48 Dec. 28_ .... 163. 65 Feb. 19...... 164.86 < 156. 10 159. 36 Dec. 31...... 165.88 Feb. 25 166. 65 159. 75 Sept. 9 161. 44 Mar. 3 . --- 169. 08 157. 35 Sept. 15 161.29 1936 Mar. 10 157. 42 Sept. 22 161. 14 Mar. 17 * 163. 75 161. 65 Sept. 29.. _ ... 160.71 Jan. 7 167.88 156. 63 Jan. 10 . 169. 15 Mar. 31-. 169. 76 July 9-. 161. 32

2 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. * Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals.

347. D. A. Steflen. SEJ£SWM sec. 1, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 6 feet in diameter and 33 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of pump platform, 0.5 foot above land surface and 199.41 feet * above sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1935 1936 1936 Oct. 10.- 178. 51 Dec. 23 178. 70 Jan. 21 ... 196. 52 Mar. 16 195. 97 Oct. 16- 177. 06 178. 83 Feb 4 (">) Oct. 24- 176. 61 Feb. 11 194. 79 Oct. 29- _ 177. 09 1936 Feb. 19 194. 63 Nov. 5 177. 11 Feb. 25. ------196. 94 Nov. 19 176. 71 191.50 196. 50 Nov. 17 . _ . 178. 56 Jan. 14... __ _ 197. 17 196. 38

2 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. 18 Discontinued as observation well.

350. Oscar Meyer (formerly R. J. Janz). SEHSEJ4 sec. 12, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 8 feet in diameter and 46.2 feet deep, dry masonry curb. Measuring points: Top of porch floor at northwest corner of trap door, 1.5 feet above land surface and 225.67 feet 2 above mean sea level; 224.70 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1036 1936 1936 Sept. 13 182.9 219. 04 Apr. 13 211. 39 July 13- 184. 29 210: 40 July 28. 183.65 1935 Feb. 4 < 212. 32 Apr. 27- 210. 15 Aug. 3 181. 81 Feb. 11 212. 90 206.19 Aug. 10. ___ . 181.48 179. 32 Feb. 19 213. 47 205.63 Aug. 17 181.98 Dec. 23-..-.--. 179.29 Feb. 25 219. 59 May 18 202.09 Aug. 31 181.09 Dec. 31 179. 53 Mar. 3 .. 218. 39 181. 15 217. 82 196. 09 Sept. 14 181. 17 1936 Mar. 16... _ .. 214. 14 193. 63 Sept. 21 180.89 Mar. 23 . 214.20 192. 81 Sept. 28 179. 63 Jan. 7-..- 199. 59 Mar. 30 -. 215. 10 191. 83 Jan. 14 . 220.92 215. 10 Julys... 185. 39

8 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed inordinately by large withdrawals. 162 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 351. Cole (formerly Paul Zirkel). NWJ4NWJ4 sec. 15, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 4 feet square and 24 feet deep with brick curb, bored to total depth of about 32 feet. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, through bored hole, 0.3 foot above land surface and 191.60 feet J above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Sept. 14.. __ - 171.1 Oct. 4_ __ ... 169. 03 Jan. 21.. ... 171. 12 May 25 171.62 Oct. ll-___. 168.96 171. 75 171. 00 1929 Oct. 16. 168. 94 Feb. 4_--_. 171. 83 170. 91 Oct. 24. 168. 46 171.28 171. 85 July 3...... 170.9 Oct. 29__ . IRQ CO 172. 02 171. 65 169. 65 Nov. 5 Feb. 25 172. 72 June 29 ___ _ 170. 48 Sept. 24_. .... 168. 68 Nov. 12 168 20 Mar. 2 __ ... 173. 18 Julys... 170. 86 Oct. 26 ...... 168. 20 Nov. 19 _ . 168. 23 Mar. 9 __ 173. 37 July 13.. 170. 61 Nov. 29-...-.-. 167. 95 173. 62 July 20... 168. 70 Dec. 30. - 168. 75 168. 22 Mar. 23. 173. 02 July 28 170. 15 Dec. 17. __ ... 168. 15 Mar. 30. ___ . 173. 69 170. 17 1930 Dec. 23 ...... 168. 81 Apr. 6_ ... - 173. 60 Aug. 10 _ ----- 169. 85 Apr. 13 173. 44 Aug. 17... .. 169. 67 Feb. 2 __ 169. 30 173. 48 Aug. 24. 169. 59 Mar. 2 ____ 171.35 1936 Apr. 27 173. 30 Aug. 31 168. 48 Mar. 30 . __ .. 171. 95 Sept. 8___ 169. 14 Apr. 27.. .- 171. 90 172. 12 Sept. 14.. . 169. 02 July25__ - 169. 97 Jan. 14...... 170. 04 May 18. ___ . 172. 13 Sept. 21.-. 169. 09 168.99

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

352. Fred Scharf. NEJ4NWJ4 see. 18, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. Stock well, bored 6 inches in diameter and 38 feet deep, in yard northwest of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 7-2-4 in well cover. Measur­ ing point, top of wooden well cover at copper nail with washer, 1.0 foot above land surface and 182 feet above mean sea level (altimeter).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 Sept. 14... .. ___ .... _____ . _ . 164.5 Feb. 3...... 179.2 Oct. 20. ______. ______...... 162.6 Mar. 23... ______. _ ... ____ 179.7 Dee. 16 . ______172.2 May 12 ______176.6

355. J. Grant. SWJ4SEJ4 sec. 28, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, dug 3 feet in diameter and 35 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point, top of 2-inch plank deck, through bored hole, 0.6 foot above land surface and 229.70 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 10- 198. 10 Jan. 7.-- ... 212. 92 Apr. 7 224. 00 July 9 213. 82 Oct. 16- 198. 31 Jan. 14...... 224. 18 Apr. 14 220. 84 July 14 208. 51 Oct. 24- 198. 15 Jan. 21..-.-... 223. 98 Apr. 21 219. 45 July 21.. 206. 55 Oct. 29_ 197. 21 Jan. 28.- 218. 91 Apr. 28. ___ . 218. 88 July 28 . 205. 72 Nov. 5 196.92 Feb. 4-._ .... 218. 93 205. 86 Nov. 12 .... 197. 20 Feb. 11...... 217. 82 May 12 218. 37 Aug. 11 ... 205. 51 Nov. 19 _ 197. 75 Feb. 19 219. 15 May 19.._, _ . 217. 98 Aug. 18. 202. 85 Dec. 3.- _ . 199. 01 Feb. 25 ...... Mav26 218. 48 203. 30 Dec. 10 200 00 Mar. 3 222. 25 217. 52 Sept. 1__ 202. 24 Dec. 17.. ... 200. 60 999 44 216. 74 Sept. 9... . 202. 31 Dec. 24 200. 73 Mar. 17 216. 98 Sept. 15 _ -. 202. 23 Dec. 31. .... 201. 22 Mar. 24_ . .... 219.98 214. 95 Sept. 22...... 202. 11 Mar. 31 223. 95 214. 13 Sept. 29...... 201. 95

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 163

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

365. Clow. NWHNWH sec. 7, T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 3 feet in diameter and 15.3 feet deep brick curb. Measuring point, top of 2-inch plank deck at west side of pump pipe, 0.6 foot above land sur­ face and 208.4 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 30- 194. 05 Jan. 8_. _ _.. 206. 09 Apr. 7. 205. 86 July 7... 201.79 Nov. 6. .... 192. 20 Jan. 14...... 206. 64 Apr. 14 205. 82 July 14... . 202.20 Nov. 12 193. 88 Apr. 21 204. 91 July 21 200.71 Nov. 19..-. 194. 15 205. 27 Apr. 28...... 204. 56 July 28 199. 91 Nov. 27 194. 00 Feb. 4 203. 72 204. 21 199. 67 Dec. 3.---.--.. 193.88 Feb. ll _. 205. 52 May 12 204 24 Aug. 11 198.93 Dec. 10 196. 47 Feb. 20 - 205. 49 May 19 204. 27 Aug. 18 198.84 Dec. 17... .. 196. 43 Feb. 25 May 26 _ 203. 95 Aug. 25_ ' 198. 76 Dec. 24 . 200. 00 Mar. 3__. ______205. 84 203. 47 Sept. l _ 197. 13 Dec. 28...... 200. 00 Mar. 10 206. 28 203.00 Sept. 9.. 196. 27 Dec. SO...... 205. 87 Mar. 17 205. 56 June 16. ___ . 202. 85 Sept. 15. .... 195.88 202. 01 Sept. 22.. 195. 40 Mar. 31 _ 205. 97 June 30.-- . 202. 10 Sept. 29. ----- 194.80

3 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

366. Park Franks. NEJ^NEM sec. 9, T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 6 inches in diameter and 30 feet deep, in pasture 60 feet east of gate. Destroyed in March 1929. Measuring point is top of tile casing, 0.4 foot above land surface and 165.5 feet above mean sea level (hand level).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 Sept. 11 . . _ 140.6 Feb. 3...... 148. 85 Oct. 22...... Dec. 16. ------_

367.rE. Lauderback. NEMNEJ4 sec. 9, T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, bored 4 inches in diameter and 27 feet deep, stovepipe casing. Measuring point is top of casing, 2.0 feet above land surface and 167.34 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 28_.__ _ 140. 30 Apr. 7. -- 147. 92 July 7..- - 141.81 140. 14 Jan. 14.. ___ 145. 55 Apr. 14.. 147. 96 July 14 _ 141. 58 Nov. 12... 1.17 on 147. 21 July 21... -- 142.40 Nov. 19 139. 96 Apr. 28.. 5 145. 82 July 28 4 140. 78 Nov. 27 139. 95 Feb. 4__ ...... _ 146. 53 145. 27 140. 72 140.06 144. 49 140. 63 Dec. 10 139. 92 Fob. 20-.. .. 147. 83 144. 40 Aug. 18 144.90 Dec. 17 Feb. 25-.. 1 ^ft Q9 143. 58 141. 94 Dec. 24 __ ... 138. 44 142. 96 Sept. 1 .. 112. 18 141. 46 Sept. 9 141. 34 147. 87 142. 15 Sept. 15. 141.40 147. 11 142. 02 Sept. 22 . _ - 141. 96 Mar. 31 148. 12 142. 86 Sept. 29 141. 93

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. * Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 6 Pump operating in well. 164 GROUND WATER OF WTLLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 370. O. L. Foster. NEJ4SWH sec. 21, T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, drilled 3 inches in diameterand 33.5 feet deep, in yard south of residence. Casing stamped 8-4-2 on east side. Measuring point is top of casing at highest point, 0.9 foot above land surface and 160.fi feet above mean sea level (altimeter). On September 11, 1928, the water level was 133.55 feet; July 11, 1929, 135.50 feet; August 3, 1929, 134.51 feet. 374. J. W. Kelley estate. NWHNEJ4 sec. 29 T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, dug 3 feet in diameterand 27.5 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of iron bar spanning well, at south side, level with land surface and 174.03 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 28. 154. 38 154.64 Apr. 7 171. 62 July?-. 160. 85 Nov.6_...... 154. 03 Jan. 14_ 173. 03 Apr. 14 171. 69 July 14 160.46 Nov. 12...... 1 W Q7 Jan.21 - m fin Apr. 21 . 170.90 July21__ _ 159. 79 Nov. 19 Apr. 28 170. 09 July 28- - 159. 26 Nov.27 __ 153. 62 Feb. 4..-.. . 171. 94 168.74 159.00 172. 14 May 12-. . 167. 35 Aue. 11 158. 82 153. 51 Feb. 20. 172. 06 167. 31 Aug. 18 157. 57 Dec. 17.. ...--- 153. 56 Feb. 25-.--..-. 173. 03 165. 64 Aug. 25 157. 07 Mar. 3 ... 179 QQ 164. 83 156.96 Deo.31...... Mar. 10 . 172. 23 164.11 Sept. 9 .. .- 156. 79 Mar. 17 172. 19 163. 26 Sept. 15 157. 01 Mar. 24-_._..__ 171.87 June 23 ____ 163. 12 Sept. 22 156. 72 171. 84 161. 58 Sept. 29 . 156. 60

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

377. P. O. Burbank. NWJ4NWH sec. 31, T. 8 S., R. 4 W. Domestic well, dug 3^ feet in diameterand 25.5 feet deep, brick curb with concrete collar. Measuring point is top of 2- by 4-inch timber frame, north side of well housing, 7.8 feet above land surface and 218.68 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 30-.- 196. 24 207. 71 Mar. 31 . 207. 47 July? 200.90 207. 49 July 14.. _ 200.66 Nov. 12 197.20 205.80 July 21.-- _ 199. 92 Nov. 19 197. 25 Jan. 21 ...... 207. 27 Apr. 28 203.82 July28-_ - 199. 89 Nov.27 197. 07 203.67 198.20 Dec. 3 196. 85 Feb. 4 ... 205.94 May 12 203.03 Aug. 11 199. 68 Dec. 10 ____ _ 197.25 Feb. 11 203.39 Aug. 18 199. 11 Dec. I? 198. 91 Feb. 20 _._.. 205.54 May 26 203.14 Aug. 25- __ -_ 199. 49 Dec. 24- --. 198. 75 202.89 Sept. 1 __ ----- 199. 29 Dec. 31 .. 203.99 Mar. 3 ...... 207.31 202.28 Sept. 9 199. 16 Mar. 10 206.09 201.84 Sept. 15 . 199. 22 201.71 Sept. 22. 198. 48 201. 40 Sept. 29- ... 198. 37

J Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 165

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con. 394. SloperBros. SEJ^NEJ^sec. 11, T. 9S., R.4 W. Unused well, drilled 8 inches in diameterand32feet deep, standard steel casing, in field 760 feet northeast of American Bottom School. Copper nail with washer stamped 9-4-4 in wood casing cap. Measuring point is top of casing flange, 1.0 foot above land surface and 157.93 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 141.4 Oct. 5...... 140.39 143. 40 May 26...... 145. 91 Oct. 12. . 140.37 Jan. 21 153.08 145. 95 1Q9Q 140.50 151. 49 147.00 Oct. 21. ... 140.54 Feb. 4...... 149. 21 June 16_ ...... 144. 57 Sept. 26... _ .. 141.18 Oot. 28. . 140.45 Feb. 11..--.... 149. 64 June 23,...... 144.72 Oct. 27_-._ . 140. 88 Nov. 6...... 140.33 Feb. 20...... 148. 82 June 30.. _. 143. 95 Nov. 29 140.68 Nov. 12..- ..... 140. 38 Feb. 25...... 153. 42 July7 143.54 147. 23 Nov. 19 140.91 Mar. 3_...... 150.04 July 14...... 143. 10 Nov. 27 . 141. 15 149. 40 142. 84 1930 141.09 147. 96 July 28.- - 142. 34 141.06 Mar. 24 .. 147. 17 141. 95 Feb. 2...... 146.08 Dec. 17 141. 76 Mar. 31...... 147. 22 Aug. 11 141. 67 Mar. 2_...... IfiO. 38 141. 73 Apr. 7... 147. 39 Aug. 18 .... 141. 45 Mar. 30.. ..____ 146. 48 Dec. 31. ._._-._ 142. 19 Apr. 14 146.54 Aug. 25...... 141. 17 Apr. 27...... 144. 83 146. 51 140.00 May 27 ..... 144. 68 146.50 Sept. 9. __ - . 140.82 July 23.----.-. 142. 30 146. 09 Sept. 15 140.52 146. 17 Sept. 22 140. 61 146. 09 Sept. 29...... 140.44 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 396. SusanNash. SWMSWM sec. 23, T.9S., R.4 W. Domestic well, dug 30.9 feet deep. Measuring point is top of well deck, through bored hole at east side, 1.0 foot above land surface and 239.68 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)'

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 25..- 213. 78 222. 59 Apr. 7...... 237. 50 July 7 227. 09 Oct. 28.--.-. 214. 03 Jan. 14 229. 11 Apr. 14...... 236. 36 « 224. 65 Nov. 6...... 214. 12 Jan. 21 237. 79 Apr. 21 235. 29 July 21-. 224.40 Nov. 12 .. 213. 73 Jan. 28 .... _ . 237. 11 Apr. 28...... July 28-._. ... Nov. 19 213. 66 Feb. 4 .... . 236. 52 234. 24 220.39 Nov. 27 .. 212. 87 Feb. 11...... 236.62 May 12...... 234. 71 Aug. 11 « 218. 29 Dec. 3__ _ ... 212. 49 Feb. 20 236.42 233. 44 Aug. 18 218. 16 Dec. 10. .. 213. 16 Feb. 25 ... 238.40 233. 51 217. 48 Dec. 17.. -- . 212. 77 Mar. 3 ...... 237. 39 233. 60 217.26 Dec. 24_. -_.__. 213. 41 Mar. 10 ...... 236. 97 231. 69 215. 77 Dec. 31.. 221. 28 Mar. 17 236. 46 230. 95 215. 84 Mar. 24...- . 236. 07 June 23 ...... 230. 37 Sept. 22 215.56 Mar. 31 .... 237. 47 228. 37 215. 21 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 404. Addie Harman. NW^SEM sec. 27, T. 9 S., E. 4 W. Domestic and stock, well dug 3 feet in diameter and 30.8 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, through bored hole near southeast side of hand pump, 0.5 foot above land surface and 216.76 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Dec. 18 198. 32 Feb. 20.. ... 211.85 208.68 203. 11 Dec. 31 202.58 Feb. 25 215. 97 * 205. 70 201.37 Mar. 3. .-. 214. 19 207.18 200.35 1936 Mar. 10 212. 75 205.47 198.40 Mar. 17-..-.-. 210. 62 206.46 Aug. 18 .... 198. 09 Jan. 8 _ . .... 202.10 Mar. 24 ...- 210.20 205.43 196.38 Jan. 14 .. 215.88 Mar. 31 210. 74 205.22 Sept. 1 - 194. 70 Jan. 21 .- 214. 65 Apr. 7 210. 78 205.38 Sept. 9 . 200.17 Jan. 28 _ . ... 213. 43 Apr. 14...... 210. 17 202.59 Sept. 15. 198. 40 Feb. 4...... 212. 03 Apr. 21 209.22 203. 72 Sept. 22 198. 62 Feb. 11 __ 211. 59 Apr. 28.. __ _ 208. 94 July 14... . 203. 09 Sept. 29 . 198. 44 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 166 GROUND WATER OP WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 405. Alfred Flickinger. NE^SWJ^ sec. 31, T. 9 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, bored 4 inches in diameter and 28.9 feet deep, concrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank cover, level with land surface and 207.61 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 202. 32 205. 98 Julys. . 202. 06 Oct. 30_ 194.58 204. 97 Apr. 15 205. 80 July 15... _ .. 201.20 Nov. 6 ...... 194. 86 Jan. 21. ....- 206. 08 Apr. 22 205. 83 July 22...- . 200. 29 Nov. 12..... 195. 01 Jan. 28-...-... 205. 79 Apr. 29 205. 80 July 29 - 199.64 Nov. 19.. ----- 195. 09 Feb. 4 _ 205. 54 205. 04 199.60 Nov. 29.. - 194. 91 Feb. 11 204. 64 May 12 205. 01 Aug. 12 .... 198. 42 Dec. 4...... 195. 10 Feb. 20 198. 37 Dec. 11 198. 57 Feb. 26.- _ 207 21 May 27. 204. 55 196. 21 Dec. 18.. - 199. 48 Mar. 3 ...... 207. 18 204. 43 Sept. 2.-. ._ 195. 98 Dec. 24...... 199. 22 Mar. 10. 206. 32 204. 37 Sept. 10--. 195. 83 Dec. 31 201. 14 Mar. 17 _ .---. 205. 13 203. 54 fept. 16-. .. 195. 54 Mar. 24 205- 75 June24__._ _ _ 203. 47 Sept. 23_-._-__ 193. 52 Apr. 1_ 206. 00 July 1 . 201. 77 Sept. 30-..--. 193. 34

z Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

409. C. A. Bear. NEJ^NWM sec. 4, T. 9 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, driven 1}^ inches in diameter and 29 feet deep, standard pipe casing. Measuring point is top of IM-inch standpipe, 3.0 feet above land surface and '308.14 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 11. .---.. 299. 20 302. 38 Apr. 7 301. 77 July 9...... _ 299.90 Oct. 16- 299 35 Jan. 14-- 302. 49 Apr. 14 301. 01 July 14.. .. 299. 77 Oct. 24- 299. 36 Jan. 21-..-. .. 302. 00 Apr. 21 _.._ 300. 84 July 21...... 299.60 Oct. 29-. 299. 63 Jan. 28. 300. 97 Apr. 28 ... . 300. 91 July 28 299 46 299. 59 "Feb. 4 300. 56 301. 12 299. 69 Nov. 12 300. 54 Feb. 11 300. 78 May 12___._ 299. 35 Aug. 11.. 299 38 Nov. 19 300. 66 Feb. 19 301. 35 May 19_ _ .--- 299. 51 Aug. 18 . 299. 28 Dec. 4 . 300. 74 Feb. 25 - 302. 99 May 26 _ 300. 74 Aug. 25 299.40 301. 53 Mar. 3. 300. 08 299. 29 Dec. 17 301.40 Mar. 10 301. 69 _.300.65 Sept. 9 __._.__ 299. 55 Dec. 24.. _-_ 301. 31 Mar. 17 - 301. 31 June 16 * 301. 24 Sept. 22.. _ .. 299. 65 301. 94 Mar. 24...... 301. 87 300. 28 Mar. 31 ___ _ 301. 55 300.26

Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

412. George K. Miller. SE^NEM sec. 26, T. 9 S., R. 2 W. Domestic well, driven 1}^ inches in diameter and 13.3 feet deep, standard pipe casing. Measuring point is top of 1^-inch standpipe, 2.8 feet above land surface and 350.63 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1935 1936 1936 Oct. 10- 337. 93 338. 27 Jan. 7--. 341. 38 Feb. 11 _. 341. 47 338. 1 1 338. 44 Jan. 14-. . 343. 73 Feb. 19 341. 28 Oct. 24-. ... 338. 05 338, 38 Jan. 21- 343. 35 Feb. 25 343. 86 OH" OQ 338. 44 342. 47 Mar. 3 -.. 340. 85 338. 13 338. 76 Feb. 4. 341. 83 Mar. 10 - 339. 67 Nov. 12 338. 11 Dec. 31 339. 06

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 167

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1985-36 Con. 414. Government Land Bank (Clifl Dormer, lessor). NW^NEJ^sec. 34. T.9S., R. 2 W. Stock well, dug 8 feet square and 18.8 feet deep. Established as observation well in lieu of well 412. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, through crack near draft pipe, 0.4 foot above land surface and 325.14 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Feb. 19__ ...... 315. 19 Apr. 21..----.. 314. 40 June 16. ___ 311. 59 Aug. 11...... 309.86 Feb. 25...... 318. 14 Apr. 28_._-_ __ 313. 36 June 23-...... 311.39 Aug. 18 309. 10 Mar. 3 317. 75 312. 81 311.05 Aug. 25 ____ _ 308. 96 Mar. 10__ ... 316. 24 May 12 312. 60 July 9...... 311. 20 Sept. 1_ ..-.-_ 309.02 Mar. 17- 315. 24 May 19 - 312. 33 July 14..-.--_ 310.90 Sept. 9_ - 310. 32 Mar. 24_...... 312.42 310. 71 310. IT- 315. 00 311. 76 July 28. 310. 34 Sept. 22_ -_ 309. 81 Apr. 7.. ._._.._ 315. 04 311.90 310. 20 Sept. 29-- 310. 23 Apr. 14_...... 314. 72 » Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

415. Mrs. Q. M. H. Brewer. NEJ£NEJ£ sec. 7, T. 9 S., R. 1 W. Unused well, dug 16 feet deep, backfilled around standpipe. Measuring point is top of pump coupling on standpipe, 3.6 feet above land surface and 399.91 feet 2 above mean sea level. Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1933 1936 1936 392. 16 Jan. 21 394. 32 Apr. 14. 392. 55 July 14 390. 97 Oct. 20- 389.2 Jan. 28_ -.... 393. 22 Apr. 21...... 391. 98 July 21...... 390. 74 Feb. 4 ...... 392. 64 Apr. 28-- .. 391. 91 July 28-... . 390.43 1935 Feb. 11 392. 75 391. 64 390. 74 Feb. 19. 393. 69 May 12...... 392. 03 Aug. 11...... 390. 41 Dec. 16 392. 62 Feb. 25 . 394. 26 May 19...... 392. 35 Aug. 18 __ 390. 97 392. 24 Mar. 3._ _ _ . 393. 66 392. 23 391. 09 393. 84 Mar. 10 393. 59 June 2...... 391. 69 Sept. 1 .... 390.87 393. 17 391. 25 Sept. 9 390. 94 1936 Mar. 24...... 393. 83 June 16-- .. 391. 75 Sept. 15 390. 84 Mar. 31 .. 393. 49 June 23 ..... 391. 67 Sept. 22 ... 391. 05 394. 85 9QQ 79 July 9.- 390. 89 Jan. 14 394. 71 * Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

421. Henry Hoefer. SEJ£NW% sec. 12, T. 10 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, dug 24 inches in diameter and 24.5 feet deep, concrete-tile casing, in yard southwest of residence. Measuring point is top of casing, 1.7 feet above land surface and 187.44 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 165. 64 175. 84 166. 94 Sept. 7 ...... 164. 49 May 29 ...... 166. 79 Jan. 14. 178. 12 166. 81 Oct. 20_ .... 165. 55 Jan. 21 171. 79 166. 73 Dec. 17 166.2 Jan. 24-._._ . ... 171. 09 June 23-...... 166. 62 1935 Jan. 28 . 170. 09 166. 33 1929 Jan. 31 . __ 171. 59 JulyQ...... 166. 30 Oct. 4..... _ ICO A A 168. 71 July 14-. . 166. 29 Feb. 23.. . .-. 168.0 Oct. 11...... 163. 24 168. 89 July 21...... 166. 79 Mar. 19 167.3 Oct. 17- - 163. 24 Feb. 20-...- ..- 170. 03 July 28...... 165.63 May 12. 167.7 Oct. 25_---. .. 163. 24 Feb. 25.. ------170. 32 165. 34 167. 14 IRQ 04. Mar. 3 ...... 170. 57 Aug. 11 .... 164. 64 July 3... .--.-_ 166. 64 Nov. 5 171. 12 Aug. 18- 165. 09 165. 79 Nov. 12 __...-- Mar. 17 171. 78 Aug. 25 164. 80 Sept. 24 164. 19 Nov. 20.-- - 163. 14 Mir. 24.. ..---.- 167. 89 Sept. 1 ...... 164. 73 Oct. 26...... 163. 64 Dec 4 163. 44 168. 04 164. 4g Nov. 28...... 163. 29 167. 69 164.69 Dec. 29 -- 167. 74 Dec. 18 162. 69 Apr. 14 167. 79 Sept. 22 .. 163. 91 167. 33 163. 68: 1930 Apr. 28. 167. 49 1936 167. 39 Feb. 2 _ ... .. 167. 94 166. 61 Mar. 2.. .. . 169. 04 166. 29 May 19 ... _ ... 167. 42 Mar. 30 166.79 172. 34 167. 71 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 168 GROUND WATEE OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-SO and 1935-88 Con. 422. A. E. Holmes. NEJ^NEJi sec. 15, T. 10 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, driven 23 feet deep. Measuring point is top of draft pipe (after unscrewing pump, nipple, and coupling), 2.5 feet above land surface and 189.34 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 24...... 172. 51 Jan. 21__ __ .. 177. 50 174. 61 Aug. 18 173. 00 Oct. 29_...... 172. 49 Jan. 28 .... 176. 39 May 12...... 174. 49 172. 41 Nov. 6...... 171. 06 Feb. 4--.-..... 176. 27 174. 80 172. 30 Nov. 12 __ 171.91 Feb. 11...... 176. 35 May 26- - 174. 38 Sept. 9 ...... 172. 79 Nov. 19____ _ . 171. 86 Feb. 20 ..... 177. 41 175. 37 Nov. 27 _ .- 171. 82 Feb. 25 _ 176. 63 174. 21 Sept. 22 ..... 172.54 Dec. 4-.---.... 171. 81 Mar. 3 ...... 176. 65 174. 14 172.43 171. 75 Mar. 10-. 176'. 40 June23_- ... 174. 19 Dec. 17 172. 27 Mar. 17 . 174. 85 Tnno *%.C\ 173. 96 Dec. 24 172. 02 Mar. 24- . . 176. 15 July 7-- 173. 82 Dec. 31-. ... 174. 13 Mar. 31 .... 173. 67 Apr. 7 - 175. 26 July 21..- - 173. 31 1936 Apr. 14_. --.... 175.30 July 28.- 173. 49 Apr. 21.. ... 174 90 Aug. 4 .. 172. 63 Jan. 8 _____ 173.88 Apr. 28. __ .. 174.63 Aug. 11 173. 38

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 425. Southern Pacific Railroad (Wellsdale). NWJ£SWM sec. 17, T. 10 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, dug 6feetin diameter and 28.5 feet deep, octagonal timbercurb. Measuring point is top of 3-inch plank deck, 1.3 feet above land surface and 217.15 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 24. 198. 18 Jan. 14.- 214. 94 Apr. 15 213.88 198. 06 Jan. 21--.- 215. 01 212. 66 July 22. _ .... Nov. 6 ... . 197. 95 213. 98 Apr. 29 212. 58 July 29... - 206. 69 Nov. 12-.- 198. 09 Feb. 4_. ______214. 68 212. 28 206. 32 Nov. 19 198. 23 Feb. 11 213. 88 May 13 ... . 212. 31 Aug. 12 204. 77 198. 10 Feb. 20 213. 52 212. 63 Aug. 19 204.43 197. 98 Feb. 26- _ 214. 79 May 27__ 211. 87 Aug. 26...... 203.08 198. 81 Mar. 3 ------213. 98 211.39 Sept. 2. --.____ 202. 93 Dec 17 200. 12 Mar. 10 213. 94 210. 97 Sept. 10.- 201. 68 200.36 Mar. 17 213. 72 210. 61 Sept. 15--- 201. 36 Dec. 31 211. 39 210. 16 Apr. 1 ... . 213. 29 Julyl 209. 65 200. 66 1936 Apr. 8 --- 213. 33 Julys..- 209. 13

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 426. L. C. Williamson. SEJCNEJ4 sec. 18, T. 10 S.. R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 28.8 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, at south side, 0.3 foot above land surface and 218.44 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 24. 190.04 Jan. 8__ ...... 217. 08 Apr. 1_ ----- 215. 76 Julys.... 6 201. 04 190. 12 Jan. 14. ...._.- 217. 40 215. 79 July 15 s 190. 91 189. 17 Jan. 19.- _ _. 216. 39 Apr. 15 215. 50 July 22.- 202.31 Nov. 12 192. 42 Jan. 21. ._. 215. 51 July 25--.- _ 203.19 194. 49 Jan. 28...... 216. 64 Apr. 29 214. 96 July 29-. -- 201. 04 190. 18 Feb. 4 _._._.._ 215. 13 190. 61 Feb. 11 216. 18 May 13 214. 32 Aug. 12-----.- 200. 90 Dec. 11.... 190. 15 Feb. 20_ .- 215. 05 May 20 214.58 Aug. 19 200. 83 Dec. 18 192. 49 217. 24 May 27- 214. 50 Aug. 26 _ __ __ 199. 81 194. 34 Mar. 3 ...... 216. 41 213. 15 Sept. 2 - ...... 199. 37 Dec. 28...... 192. 94 Mar. 10 ._... 216. 01 JunelO .... .- 5 211. 86 Sept. 10.- __ 198. 35 "Don ^1 213. 68 211.82 Sept. 16_...... 198.06 215. 79 June 24 __ ... 208.58 Sept. 23.- 194. 59 Julyl.. 5 199. 64 Sept. 29. _ . 194. 47

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. «Pump operating in well. WELL RECORDS 169

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 433. C. B. Harnich. NE^NEM sec. 8, T. 10 S., R. 3 W. Stock well, driven 1H inches in diameter and 17.7 feet deep. Measuring point is bottom of pump flange, 3.0 feet above land surface and 199.52 feet 2 above mean sea level. /

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Apr. 27. .... 184. 24 184. 91 July 21-... . 183. 78 183. 33 185.28 184. 84 July 28..-. . 183. 67 182. 83 May 12...... 184. 35 June 23, ____ 184. 78 183. 79 Sept. 15.- 182. 73 184.88 184. 25 Aug. 11 182. 69 Sept. 22. 182.33 May 26.. ... 184. 32 July 9..-. -. 184. 33 183. 32 183. 55 July 14....-.,. 184. 23 Aug. 25 183.44 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 438. J. G. Gourley. NW^SEM sec. 21, T. 10 S., R. 3 W. Stock well, dug 6 feet in diameter and 17.9 feet deep, dry-masonry curb. Measuring point is top of curb, at base of pump, 0.3 foot above land surface and 242.53 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. U .. 225. 51 240.84 Mar. 24. 239.12 232.53 225. 94 241. 01 Mar. 31 240.18 July 9- 230.99 226.06 Jan. 14.. 241.14 Apr. 7 239. 85 July 21-. --.--. 230. 19 Nov. 5 225.85 Jan. 21.. .. 241. 08 Apr. 14-.....-. 239. 27 July 28- 229. 86 Nov. 12 225. 93 Jan. 24.- 240. 41 Apr. 21. .__-... 237. 98 Aug. 4...- _ __ 229.13 Nov. 20 *>QR 4.Q Apr. 28 236, 74 Aug. 11 998 (W Dec. 4. _ . _ . 226. 20 Jan. 31-- 239. 71 236. 42 Aug. 18 228.80 226. 79 Feb. 4_ 236. 49 May 12. 238.56 Aug. 25 . 227. 44 Feb. 12- ... 236. 21 239. 00 Sept. l-_ _ 227.28 229. 15 Feb. 20---.-... 235. 25 May 26 ___ __ 237.76 226.80 Feb. 25 . 240. 78 236. 78 1936 240. 18 235. 67 Sep^ 22;. . 226.50 Mar. 10 - 239. 41 235.58 226.04 Jan. I.- 230. 06 Mar. 17 239. 01 June 23 . 234. 15 . 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 448. J. E. Watkins (formerly D. Watkins). NWHNEH sec. 17, T. 10 S., R. 2 W. Unused well, dug36 inches in diameter and 27 feet deep, in rear of residence. Measuring points: Top of brick curb, level with land surface and 276.31 feet» above mean sea level; beginning December 10,1935, bottom of board spanning well, level with top edge of new concrete and steel collar, 276.67 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 251.6 252. 96 Jan. 14_ _ .... 259. 52 June 16-_- __ - 252. 37 Oct. 20..... 251.6 May 29 ...... 252. 96 Jan. 21 ___ .__ 255. 67 June 23. - _ . 252. 22 Dec. 16 ---. 252.5 July 24...... Jan. 28__ ._ , 254. 87 251. 95 Feb. 4...... 254. 07 July 9-- _.. _ 251. 77 1929 1935 Feb. 12- 254. 02 July 14.. .. 251. 87 Feb. 19- 253. 67 July 21-- __ 252. 61 Feb. 3 255.9 Oct. 4__-.._ ... 250.59 Feb. 25 -. 254. 65 July 28---- 251. 30 Mar. 19 - 254.2 Oct. 11...... 250. 66 Mar. 3 253. 02 251. 27 May 12.--... .. 254.0 Oct. 17 . 250. 63 Mar. 10 252. 57 Aug. 11...... 251. 17 253.11 Oct. 25_. .._-.. 251.29 Mar. 17 252. 77 Aug. 18...... 250.37 July 23- 252. 76 Oct. 28---._._. 251. 26 Mar. 24 __-. 251. 47 Aug. 25 .. 250. 37 251. 76 253. 48 Sept. 1 ...... 250.32 Sept. 24.. 251. 21 Nov. 19 ... 251.01 Apr. 7. 253. 44 Sept. 9 255.89 Oct. 26_. -.--.- 251. 11 Dec. 4__-_-_--_ 250.91 Apr. 14 _ 253. 03 Sept. 15 .. 255. 87 Nov. 28____ ... 250.96 Dec. 10. _ -... 251. 97 Apr. 21-----._. 252. 78 Sept. 19 - 251. 91 Dec. 30- .... 253. 86 Dec. 18 ... 251.95 Apr. 28--..-_. 252. 71 Sept. 22 250.88 Dec. 24 251. 73 252. 67 Sept. 29 .. 250.86 1930 May 12 --_-- 253. 35 1936 May 19- __ ._ 253. 22 Feb. 2...... 253. 81 Mav26 253. 27 Mar. 2_.._- _ 255. 31 Jan. 1 ... __ 253. 50 252. 57 Mar. 30. .... 253. 51 255. 30 252. 47

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 170 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 453. Joe Wesley (Jan Brunt Sawmill, renter). NEJ4SWJ4 sec. 18, T. 10 S., K. 1 W. Unused well, dug 6 feet square and 11.7 feet deep. Measuring point is top at southeast corner of curb, about 1 foot above land surface and 315.26 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Mar. 5...... 313. 57 Apr. 28 .. 312. 84 312. 41 311.11 Mar. 17 ..... 313.20 May5 313. 26 June 23 ___ . 312.08 Aug. II...... 310. 88 Mar. 24...... 313. 54 May 12...... 312. 83 June 30 ...... 311.72 Aug. 25...... Mar. 31 313.64 May 19...... 313. 25 July 9_...... 311.52 Sept. 1...... 310. 14 Apr. 7 ...... 313.41 May 26...... 312. 86 July 14. __ ... 311. 51 Sept. 9 ...... 310. 26 Apr. 14. ... . 315. 43 312.66 July 21...... 311.30 Sept. 22 ... 310. 04 Apr. 21...... 312. 96 June 9 ...... 312. 53 July 28.. 311.17 Sept. 29...... 308. 70

» Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department.

456. Ida Locke estate (E. W. Elliott, renter). SWHNEH sec. 13, T. 11 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, dug 3H feet in diameter and 25 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, through opening for draft pipe, 240.34 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 24...... 219. 12 Jan. 21...... 238. 49 May 6______235.90 Aug. 26...... 225. 81 Oct. 29...... 219. 53 Jan. 28- .... 238.49 May 13-...... 235.85 Sept. 2 ..... 225. 26 Nov. 6-..-..-.. 218. 09 Feb. 4...... 238. 35 May 20. _ . ... 235.80 Sept. 10.. 224. 27 Nov. 12 ... __ 218. 67 Feb. 11- May 27 ..... 232. 11 Sept. 15 Nov. 19.. _.._._ 218. 19 Feb. 20.... . 232. 30 Sept. 23 224.30 Nov. 29 __ 219. 47 Feb. 26 ... 238 17 June 10 _ _ _ _ 231. 91 Sept. 30...... 223. 91 Dec. 4...... 219. 95 Mar. 3 .. 238.31 231. 32 Dec. 11.--.... 219. 91 Mar. 10.... . 237. 87 June 24 ..... 231. 37 Dec. 18...---.. 219. 75 Mar. 17...... 238.01 Julyl- . ... 230. 18 Dec. 24. _.._._. 219. 77 Mar. 24.. ... 235. 05 July8_.------_ 229.90 Dec. 31.. ... 223. 06 Mar. 27...... 235. 16 July 15...... 229. 67 Apr. 1...... 236. 13 July 23...... 228.56 1936 236. 01 July 29.. .__ 228. 26 Apr. 15 234. 59 227. 98 Jan. 8. ____ . 223.80 Apr. 22 ... ._ 234. 62 Aug. 12.... _ 227. 77 Jan. 14 _ __ 227. 37 A.pr. 29-_____._ 234.49 Aug. 19 ..... 227. 28

* Leveling by II. S. Engineer Department.

459. W. J. Moyer (J. M. Pitts, renter). SEJ4SEJ4 sec. 27, T. 11 S., R. 5 W. Domestic well, driven 40.4 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 4.7 feet above land surface and 236.28 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1946 1936 Oct. 18. 209. 32 Jan. 9. . __ -. 212. 04 Apr. 22..-. . 219. 69 213. 91 Oct. 22.-... 209. 20 219. 67 209. 23 Jan. 22.... _ . 220. 54 219. 72 Aug. 19. -. ... 213. 01 Nov. 7_ - .- 91 Q 17 Nov. 13 . 209. 23 Feb. 5. -_ 223. 64 217.64 Sept. 2...... 211. 96 Nov. 20 .... . 209. 36 Feb. 12...... 223. 17 May 27 _ 217. 80 Sept. 10...... 211.26 Nov. 29 ... . Feb. 21....-- 219. 70 211. 10 209. 31 Feb. 26 228. 10 219. 62 Sept. 23...... 210. 99 Dec 11 210. 75 224. 37 Sept. 30..- 210. 74 Mar. 11 _ 221. 41 June 24__ __ . 217.91 210. 71 Mar. 18 ..... 221. 00 July !___-_.. __ 216. 92 Mar. 25 220.06 Julys.... ._ 215. 05 1936 Apr. 1-. 219. 89 215. 79 Apr. 8. -... - 220. 07 July 22. ...._-_ 215. 57 Jan. 2...... 212. 15 Apr. 15_ _ 218. 67 July 29.-..-.-- 215.01

Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 171

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con. 463. Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, East Farm. SWJ4SEJ4 sec. 36, T. 11 S., R. 5 W. Irriga­ tion well, drilled 8 inches in diameter and 42 feet deep, about 6 feet east of well 464 and in the northeast corner of a common pit. Both wells pumped by joint suction. Measuring points: July 26 and Oct. 21, 1928, top face of flange at elbow in suction pipe, 197.53 feet above mean sea level; beginning Oct. 26, 1928, top of casing (level with zero of staff gage on east wall of pit east of well), 21.1 feet below land surface and 197.17 feet above mean sea level; beginning January 22,1936, top of 6- by 6-inch timber girt bolted to top of concrete pit curb, 220.97 feet above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 July 26-... _. ._ 196. 21 Feb. 14-.-...... Apr. 21...... 202.67 Oct. 21 195. 43 Feb. 15- 199. 57 Apr. 22... __ -, ._ . 9fi9 89 Oct. 26...... 195.2 Feb. 16-.-...... 199. 57 Apr. 23___ ...... 909 Q7 Oct. 27 195.2 Feb. 16...... ___ 199. 32 Apr. 24...... 202.97 195. 22 Feb. 17-- Apr. 25...... 9(19 Q9 195. 32 Feb. 18- 198. 72 Apr. 26...... Nov. 10 - 195. 47 Feb. 19... __ ------198/67 Apr. 27_- . . 202.62 195. 57 Feb. 20 . - 198. 77 Apr. 28...... 202 47 Nov. 24 195. 67 Feb. 21__ ...... 1Q8 77 Apr. 29-- __ ...... 202.37 195. 82 Feb. 22 . __ ...... 198. 77 Apr. 30...... ____ . 202. 27 195. 93 Feb. 23 . 198. 77 9(19 H7 Dec. 13... _ .--. __ .. 196 02 Feb. 24-.... 198. 77 May 2_ ...... 196. 6V Feb. 25 198. 77 9(11 79 196. 72 Feb. 26...... 1QO Q7 9(11 fi9 196. 77 Feb. 27.--.--- _ ..--- m Q7 201. 57 Dec. 22...... ------196. 87 Feb. 28 ...... _ _ 198. 92 May 6_ ____ 201. 47 Dec. 25...-.... . 196.97 Mar. 1...... _ ...... 198. 87 Dec. 27,...... __---_.-. 197. 17 Mar. 2______...... 198. 87 May 8...... _ .... 201.17 Dec. 28-.-.....-.---... 197. 4V Mar. 3-...... 198. 82 May 9_ ..... 201.07 198 C2 1QO 77 May 10. 200.72 Dec. SO.... 198. 97 May 11...... 200.62 200.92 Mar. 6 -- - _ - IQfi 79 May 12... _ _ ,._ 9nn GO 1QQ 97 May 13...... 200.47 1929 Mar. 8- ______. m nrj 200.47 200.92 Mar. 9 _ ___. 199. 37 May 15 200 47 Jan. 2 _ _. . _ . _ _ 201.77 Mar. 10 199 17 May 16 ______. . 200.47 Jan. 3___ _ . __ .._. _ _ 202. 37 Mar. 11...... _ . _ ... 1QQ 99 May 17- __ .... . 202. 47 1QQ C9 9nn 49 Jan. 5 202. 67 Mar. 13... _ . _ ... _ . 199 67 onn 37 Jan. 6... _ . __ ._.. . 202. 97 Mar. 14...... 199. 77 May 20 _ ...... 200. 32 Jan. 7 _ ___ ...... 202. 97 Mar. 15 1QQ 77 May 21 ______200.27 Jan. 8 ____ ._ - 202. 82 Mar. 16.... _ ------199 72 May 22 ...... 90(1 97 Jan. 9 202. 07 Mar. 17- __ . _ ------1QQ fi9 May 23. ____ ...... 200. 27 202. 02 198 97 9(1(1 97 Jan. 11...... -.. 198. 92 Mar. 19...--. _ .. _ ... m S7 May 25 ...... 200. 22 Jan. 12 198. 67 Mar. 20 ...... 198.87 May 26_ _ ... __ _ 200. 17 Jan. 13_ __ .-.. _ . _ . 198. 6V Mar. 21...... May 27______. 200.12 Jan. 14 198. 67 Mar. 22 ______199 77 May 28 200.07 Jan. 15 __ --.... _ . . . 198. 67 Mar. 23 May 29______199. 97 Jan. 16. 198. 67 Mar. 24...... OAO 07 199 87 Jan. 17 198. 67 Mar. 25______202 07 May 31-_ . _ 199. 47 Jan. 18 198. 67 Mar. 26...... 201. 87 199. 10 Jan. 19 198. 67 Mar. 27. _ ...... 201. 67 199.2 Jan. 20______...... 198. 77 Mar. 27 __ ...... 201. 27 199.32 Jan. 21.. ______... 199. 07 Mar. 28...... 201. 52 199.4 Jan. 22 198.97 Mar. 29 9m 37 Jan. 23 ______...... 198.7: Mar. 30 _ ...... 201. 47 June 10__ -_ __ _ _ 199.5 Jan. 24 ...... 198. 67 201 92 m A Jan. 25 ...... 198. 67 Apr. 1...... __-.... 9m 39 Jan. 26 ______198. 67 Apr. 2 _ 201. 17 199.3 Jan. 27 ______198. 92 201. 42 199. 22 Jan. 28 ...... 199. 67 Apr. 3__ ...... Jan. 29 ______.___ . 200. 67 Apr. 4__...... 200 72 199 2 Jan. 30 200. 67 Jan. 31 200.67 200 22 Feb. 1... __...._ 200. 77 200. 07 Feb. 2_...... 200. 77 Apr. 8-...... 199.4 Feb. 3...... 201.02 Apr. 9 199. 87 June 21 __ ...... 199.3 Feb. 4-- ...... 201. 77 Apr. 10 June 22._. Feb. 5- 201. 92 TOO fi7 m i Feb. 5 __ ...... 202.02 Apr. 12-. 199 0 Feb. 6--- ...... 202. 02 Apr. 13 1QQ Q7 1QC Q Feb. 7__ . ...-. --. 202. 02 Apr. 14-...... Feb. 8.- ...... 201. 92 Apr. 15 .. ------5 195. 8 Feb. 9_...... 201. 67 Apr. 16..... ------onn 77 Feb. 10- 201. 17 Apr. 17 Feb. 11-...... 200. 52 Apr. 18- 202. 87 me a Feb. 12...... 199. 97 Apr. 19. - Feb. IS. 199. 72 Apr. 20. _ ...... 202. 77 June 29. 7:45 a. m. 198.5 ' Pump operating In well. 408526 42 12 172 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1929 1929 June 29, 5:00p.m__ .. s 195. 6 Aug. 22...... _-.-..._ 195. 67 Nov. 5 .--.-. 194. 93 JuneSO - _ 198.4 Aug. 23. ______. 195. 63 Nov. 6_ _ . __ _ 194. 93 Julyl ... 198.3 195.61 Nov. 7 1Q1 Q3 July 2, 8:10 a. m_ ...... 198.1 Aug. 25_ . ..____ 195. 57 Nov. 8 .---._ 194. 92 July 2, 5:10 p. m_ . 5 195. 2 Aug. 26... ..--.._ 195. 53 Nov. 9 194. 92 July 3, 8:00 a. m_ _._._. 198.0 Aug. 27. .. . 195. 49 Nov. 10- 194. 92 July 3, 5:10 p. m. . _ _ 5 193.9 Aug. 28 195. 47 Nov. 11 194.93 July 4 . . 197.9 Aug. 29_-_ - .-_- _ 195. 45 Nov. 12 _ _ July 5, 7:45 a. m ______197.7 Aug. 30. ._...--. __ ._ 195. 43 Nov. 13 . - 194.95 July 5, 5:00 p. m_. _ ___ ' 193. 7 Aug. 31. _ 195. 41 Nov. 14_... -.--__..,..__ 194. 94 197.6 Sept. 1... ___ 195. 39 Nov. 15 .. 194.93 July 6, 5:15 p. m..__. _ * 193. 7 Sept. 2... .___-_____--_-_ 195. 37 Nov. 16 __._ ___ .. 194. 92 July 7 ______. __._ 197.4 195. 35 Nov. 17 . - 194. 91 JulyS, 7:30 a. m______197.3 Sept. 4...... ___-___._ 195. 35 Nov. 18 194. 91 JulyS, 4:00 p. m______5 193. 6 Sept. 5...... 195. 34 Nov. 19 - 194. 90 July 9, 7:30 a. m __..__ 197.3 Sept. 6..'. _ __ -.- _ 195. 32 Nov. 20 - . 194. 89 July 9, 5:30 p. m.... s 193. 6 Sept. 7,. __ _ _-_- 195. 30 Nov. 21 194. 88 July 10, 8:00 a. m_ _ __ 197.2 Sept. 8 __ ._ 195.29 Nov. 22 __....__ 194. 87 July 10, 5:00 p.m. ______5 193. 3 195. 25 Nov. 23-.--.-. . 194. 87 July 11, 7:30 a.m...... 197.2 Sept. 10 - - 195. 23 Nov. 24 _. 194. 87 July 11, 5:00 p. m. __ . 5 193. 3 195. 23 Nov. 25...... 194. 87 July 12... __-_._ ..._- 197.2 Sept. 12 195. 22 Nov. 26 - 194. 8<5 July 13...... -______197.1 Sept. 13 ._ 195. 22 Nov. 27, 1:05 p. m 194. 85 July 14... _ --__-----._- 197.1 195. 22 Nov. 27, 1:30 p. m 194. 87 July 15. ___ ----- 197.0 195. 21 Nov. 28...... 194. 85 July 16.-. _ . __ 197.0 195. 21 Nov. 29- _ 194. 83 Julyl7.-_ 196.9 Sept. 17- - 195. 20 Nov. SO...... 194. 82 July 18------196.9 195. 20 Dec. !.._. __ __ _ 194.83 July 19 ______. .__ 196.9 Sept. 19 _ ._ __ . _ _- 195. 19 Dec. 2__ _ .. 194. 82 July 20 .-_-- ..___-- 197.0 Sept. 20 -__-___----__ 195. 19 Dec. 3-____ 194. 82 July 21 __- _ _ 196.9 195. 18 Dec. 4... ______.... 194. 82 July 22. .__.. .-_.. 196.8 Sept. 22- _ _ __ .___.__ 195. 18 Dec. 5______194.81 July 23, 7:10 a. m_ .. ... 196.8 Sept. 23 195.20 Dec. 6 . ____ 194. 82 July 23, 3:30 p.m..-.-. 5 193. 2 195. 18 Dec. 7... ______-----_ 194. 83 196.8 195. 19 Dec. 8._ _ _ _. . _ 194. 83 July 24, 4:00 p.m.. _.__ 5 193. 2 195. 19 Dec. 9 __ 194. 84 196.7 Dec. 10-__ - _ 194. 84 July 26... .. 196.7 Dec. 11. .-- _ __ 195. 00 July 27 - .-.- 196.6 Sept. 28 195. 19 Dec. 12.. 195. 17 July 28 196.5 Dec. 13...... _ 195. 45 July 29 ...... _ 196.4 Sept. 30. . ----- 195. 17 Dec. 14 195. 97 July 30 _ .-_._ .-- 196.4 Oct. 1 ____._ 195. 17 Dec. 15______July 31 _-_ -_._-_ 196.3 Oct. 2 195. 15 Dec. 16-.. _ __ 198. 07 196.3 195. 13 Dec. 17... __ . __ 198. 72 Aug. 2, 8:15 a. m_ _ ..__ 196. 36 Dec. 18 199. 37 Aug. 2, 5:30 p. m 196.3 195 11 Dec. 19- 199. 97 196. 22 Oct. 6 _ Dec. 20___ _ 206. 72 196. 18 195 09 Dec. 21. 210. 49 196.10 Oct. 8 ... 195. 09 Dec. 22 209.27 196. 02 Oct. 9 ____ . . Dec. 23 ______... . _ 208. 97 Aug. 6, 12:00 m-__._ _ _ 5 192. 87 195. 11 Dec. 24 -.-_--.______208. 82 195 11 Dec. 25 . _ ._. _ ?08. 59 5 192. 76 Dec. 26__. _- ______208. 17 Aug. 8, 7:40 a. m_ ___ . 196. 00 Oct. 13 195. 15 Dec. 27 207. 29 5 192. 33 Dec. 28 ._ ._. 207. 42 Aug. 9, 8:00 a. ni__ _ _ .. 195. 97 195. 11 Dec. 29 - .. 20^ . 27 5 192. 22 195.10 Dec. 30 - - -.....- 207.32 Aug. 10, 7:50 a. m______195. 90 Oct. 17 195. 07 Dec. 31, 10:35 a. m.__ 204. 47 Aug. 10, 12:00 m______Dec. 31, 12:00 m_ ___ 20B.17 Aug. 11 195. 89 Oct. 19 . 195. OR 195. 87 Oct. 20 _ -_ 195.05 1930 Aue. 12, 12:00 m ------5 192. 57 Oct. 21 195. 05 Oct. 22 . _ -_ Jan. 1 ____.. 205. 64 Aug. 13, 12:00 m ______5 192. 47 195. 0. Jan. 2 205. 57 Oct. 24....-. .. . 195 03 203. 27 5 192. 37 195. 02 202.77 195. 76 202. 62 195. 02 Jan. 6 _ ___-_ __-_ 202. 57 Aug. 16, 7:50 a. m ______195. 75 Oct. 27 .... _ .... ._ 195. 01 Jan. 7 ... 202.47 202. 42 195. 70 194. 97 Jan. 9 _. _ ... _ -_. 202. 17 Aug. 17, 5:10 p. m __ ... 5 192. 32 Oct. 30 194. 94 Jan. 10 _ . - 201. 97 195. 70 194.91 Jan. 11 201. 53 Nov. 1 194.91 Jan. 12 201. 77 Aug. 19 ___ . __-_ 195. 76 Nov. 2_ .--__-.-__--. 194. 92 Jan. 13 200.99 Aug. 20-___-._-______195. 71 Nov. 3 _____. - 194. 92 Jan. 14 201. 01 Aue. 21_ .-.. _. 195. 69 Nov. 4. __.._ . 194.92 Jan. 15.._ . ---_-__ 200. 61 5 Pump operating in well. WELL RECORDS 173

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1930 1930 1930 200 *)7 Apr. 1...... -.--- 199.42 June 14, 8:05 a. m _ _ . 197. 97 Jan. 17... - nnn eo Apr. 2. __ ._ __ ...... 199. 32 June 14, 5 p. m.__ __ ... s 192. 22 Jan. 18------nnn 07 Apr. 3,. ... _ 199. 22 June IS... _ ... 197. 87 onn 1O 199. 12 June 16, 8:10 a. m__ __ . 197. 77 199. 07 June 16, 4:30 p. m _ 5 192. 22 Jan. 21 - 200.08 Apr. 6_. ______199. 02 June 17 -- - 197. 57 Jan. 22 1Q9 91 Apr. 7 199. 02 June 18, 7:30 a. m.______197. 51 Jan. 23 198. 97 June 18, 12:30 p. m...... « 193. 17 Jan 24 1QQ 77 198. 77 June 19, 7:20 a. m.. _ __ 197. 47 199. 69 Apr. 10. 198.82 June 19, 6 p. m______5 192. 67 Apr. 11 198. 72 197. 37 199 49 Apr. 12 198. 62 5 192. 92 1QQ QQ Apr. 13 198. 62 197. 17 Ton 90 1QQ 97 Apr. 14...... _-._-- 198. 47 June 22 -_ __-- 197. 12 1QQ A7 Apr. 15...... 198. 41 June 23, 7:40 a. m-__ __._ 197. 07 199 93 Apr. 16. 198. 42 June 23, 5 p. m___. -__-__ 5 192. 22 Feb. 1, 12:45 p. m 9ftn S7 Apr. 17...... 198. 47 June 24 ___ 196. 97 opn 520 Apr. 18_. _ 198. 42 June25_. ___- _ _ 196. 89 Feb. 2... . 201.77 Apr. 19. 198. 52 June 26_------___ _ 196. 87 Feb. 3_- _ . ------202.71 Apr. 20.. 198. 57 June 27_ _ __ ..... 196. 87 Feb. 4 Apr. 21 198. 37 June 28 _ -- 196.79 Feb. 5 - Apr. 22_ ...... ---.. 198. 27 196.72 Feb. 6-. Apr. 23--.- _- _ 198. 37 196. 67 Feb. 7_- OflO C1 198.52 Feb. 8 . ... 203 87 198. 52 1935 Feb. 9. - -- 204 13 198. 53 Oct. 5 195. 24 Feb. 10.. f)f\A *J7 Apr. 26, 1:35 p. m___ 198. 47 Oct. 12- 195. 21 Feb. 11...------204 2 Apr. 27...... 198. 42 Oct. 18 195. 52 Feb. 12 - 205.1 198. 42 Oct. 2k 195. 47 Feb. 13 f)f\K n Apr. 29.... - 198. 62 Oct. 30 195. 32 Feb. 14.. One Q Apr. 30. 198. 67 Nov. 7 Feb. IS-.. 205.6 198. 82 195. 44 Feb. 16-.-- - 198. 77 Nov. 20 ______--..-.-_ 196. 05 Feb. 17. 205.5 198. 77 196. 02 Feb. 18 ..... 198. 72 195. 16 Feb. 19- 205.1 19cS. 72 195. 63 Feb. 20 . 204.8 198. 67 197.6 Feb. 21--. 205. 1 198. 67 1Q7 &. Feb. 22 . . - __ _ May8 IQfi A9 Feb. 23__- _ -_.._ 205. 1 198. 57 1Q3A Feb. 24... 205.1 198. 57 197.9 Feb. 25-- Mayll ------_ 1QQ 19 205.7 Feb. 26 204.8 Mayl2 ... --- 1QR 4.7 Jan. 15 204.1 Feb. 27..-...... - TVTaTj 1^1 1QR 49 208. 78 Feb. 28 .... one 97 Mar. 1, 12:45 p. m...... 198. 32 Feb. 5 _ 202. 68 Mar. 1, 12:50 p. m_ .... 204.04 198. 27 Feb. 12...... 200.98 Mar. 2...... 203. 67 m 97 9Aft fi7 Mar. 3.. ------9fi9 K7 May 18- ... .. 198.17 OfVJ fil Mar. 4.. _ _-__._ __ 203. 47 TVTaTj 10 1QS 17 Msr 4 204 69 Mar. 5 202. 87 198. 12 204 07 Mar. 6------9H9 Q7 May 21 _ 198. 17 Mar. 7 ... . 9ft9 17 TVTov 99 1QQ 99 Mar 25 9nn f\7 Mar. 8 - - __ 201.92 May 23- . . .._ 1QR 39 200 47 Mar. 9 - 201. f 7 9A1 91 Mar. 10 201. 32 198. 47 Mar. 11-. __ __ ... 201. 27 198. 52 A-nr 99 200 99 Mar. 12 - -- -. 201. 07 May27-___ _-__-_-___-. 1QS 4.9 A r_r 9Q 9fMl AQ Mar. 13 - . 200.97 200.66 Mar. 14 200.77 198 34 IVTov 13 Mar. 15 200.57 1QR 39 200.18 Mar. 16 . . 200.42 iQQ 97 May 27._ _-___-__._-. 9/ui nn Mar. 17. 200. 27 May 31.- ...... _ 199. 35 Mar. 18 200. 07 198. 17 Mar. 19------199.97 1QS 17 198.87 Mar. 20-----. .... 199. 77 IQfi 17 1QR f^9 Mar. 21 199. 67 198. 15 107 Q7 Mar. 22...... 199. 57 198. 13 4 1Q9 fta Mar. 23...... 199. 72 198. 11 Till ir 99 * 190. 92 Mar. 24. . . 200.02 IQfi 91 Mar. 25--- ...... 200. 17 198. 07 Mar. 26- 200. 17 198. 04 192. 24 Mar. 27__ ..... 200. 12 198.04 7 180. 14 Mar. 28 ...... 199.97 Sept. 10 .-.. 7 178. 36 Mar. 29- .... - 199. 77 5 194. 12 Mar. 30 ...... 199. 62 198.00 Mar. 31.._._- ... 199. 57 June 13- ______197. 97 Sept. 30 -. ---- 4 188. 68 i Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 5 Pump operating in well. 7 Adjacent land being irrigated. 174 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, ORE<5.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 l Con. 472. Hector Brothers estate, O. H. Hector, director. NEMSWM sec. 4, T 11 8., R. 4 W. Unused well, dug and driven, 3J^ feet in diameter to depth of 31 feet with brick curb; total depth 84 feet. Measuring point is top of 3-inch plank deck, south of pump, 0.8 foot above land surface and 224.83 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 203.88 202.71 Apr. 29...... 209.20 Aug. 12...... 201.62 Jan. 14.. ... 209. 69 May 6.______207.16 Aug. 19 .. 200.51 1935 Jan. 28 ...... 208. 10 May 13 _ 207.22 Aug. 26...... 201.03 Feb. 4. ___...__ 207.97 May 20_ ...... 206.05 Sept. 2__ ...... 200. 62 Oct. 24 198. 82 Feb. 11 207.66 May 27-.-..... 206.17 Sept. 10 -..-. 200.67 Oct. 29 ..... 199. 66 Feb. 20. .... 209.19 June 3 ... 207.22 Sept. 16...... 200.34 Nov. 7 199. 39 Feb. 25...... 212.80 207.40 Sept. 23...... _ 200.26 Nov. 12 . 199. 36 Mar. 3 ...... 212. 96 204.11 Sept. 30...... 200.20 Nov. 19. ... 199. 18 Mar. 10 . 212.25 204.16 Nov. 29 199. 02 Mar. 17...... 210.86 July 1...... 203.44 199. 06 Mar. 24...... 209. 81 Julys... 203.21 Dec. 11 199. 19 Apr. 1...... 211. 30 July 15..-.. _. 202.49 199. 14 Apr. 8..... _ . 209.90 July 22-. 200. 74 200. 09 Apr. 15...... 209.87 July29__._____ 202.29 201.74 Apr. 22. . 209. 28 201.86

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 8 Pump operating in well. 486. Linn County Farm. SWJ4SWJ4 sec. 26, T. 11 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 6 feet in diameter and 27.3 feet deep, brick curb, in lot 75 feet south of barn. Copper nail with washer stamped ll-i-8 in well plat­ form. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck at copper nail with washer, 0.6 foot above land surface and 221.83 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 July 28-. 204.1 Oct. 4...... ___ 200. 37 Feb. 12.... _ . 215. 17 July 10... . 206. 81 Oct. 11. 200.76 Feb. 20 212. 34 July 15.. .. 206.03 1929 Oct. 17- .._..__ 202. 18 Feb. 26 _ 215. 96 July 22 . _ _ 203.34 Oct. 30_____.___ 201.99 220. 21 July 29... 202. 48 215. 03 Nov. 6. __ .__ 199. 45 Mar. 11..,. .... 218.90 200. 77 July 4. ..__.... 210. 43 Nov. 13...... 200. 61 Mar. 18 218. 40 Aug. 12 Aug. 2 204.7 Nov. 20_ 200. 75 Mar. 24 214.20 Aug. 19-. . 201. 78 Sept. 23 201.9 Dec. 4...... 201.46 Apr. 1. ___.._.. 220.01 200.99 Oct. 25___._..__ 200. 73 Dec. 11. 202.59 Apr. 8. .. .. 220.04 Sept. 2 _ 200.79 Nov. 27 __ 200. 53 Dec. 18.. ._._ 203.28 216. 11 Sept. 10 200.69 Dec. 31...... 219. 38 Dec. 26 202.59 Apr. 22 ...... 212. 65 Sept. 16_ ...... 200. 63 May 6 ___ __ . 220. 06 Sept. 23 200.29 1930 1936 May 13- 217. 87 Sept. 30 200. 02 ' 218. 90 Feb. 1...... 217. 23 204.42 May 27_ __ .. 213. 23 Mar. 1..... ___. 220. 08 Jan. 8____ _ .. 216. 16 215. 30 Mar. 29_...... 216. 38 220. 14 215. 06 Apr. 26...... 216. 88 Jan. 22 . ... 214. 44 May 28_...... 215.31 Jan. 29...... __ 216.93 June24__ _ ... 213.19 July 23-.. . 209. 82 Feb. 5._ ... 221. 83 Julyl.- 209.39

2 Leveling by IT. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well. 491. O. H. Ehrlich. SWMSWM sec. 35, T. 11 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, driven 1J4 inches in diameter and 31 feet deep, in barnyard 150 feet south of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 11-4-15 in plank level with land surface. Measuring point is top of coupling between casing and pump, 2.9 feet above land surface and 227.9 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 Auor. 13 208.0 Feb. 2__. __..... _-__.. 216.2 Oct. 21 ...... 207.3 Mar. 27 ...... 214.8 211.7 213.8 WELL RECORDS 175

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1985-86 Con. 492. McFarland School. SEJCNEM sec. 36, T. 11 S., R. 4 W. Domestic well, driven 1}^ inches in diameter and 26 feet deep. Measuring points: In 1928, concrete pump platform, level with land surface and about 238.9 feet above mean sea level; in 1935-36, top of pump-gasket flange, 2.7 feet above land surface and 239.62 feet * above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1936 1936 1936 225.9 Apr. 1. __ .. , 233.29 230. 00 224.15 233. 17 229.85 Aug. 12 ..-. 224. 00 1936 Apr. 15 231.80 229. 44 Aug. 19 223. 17 Apr. 22 ..... 232. 05 228. 37 Aug. 26 222.84 Feb. 27.- . 233. 22 Apr. 29 231. 99 Julyl 228. 32 Sept. 2 ...... 222. 74 Mar. 4__ _ .... 233.19 231. 88 JulylO-. 226. 84 Sept. 10 __ . 222.60 Mar. 12,...... 232. 87 May 13 231. 55 July 15.. ... 226. 30 Sept. 16.. 222. 70 Mar. 18...... 232. 26 May 20...... 231. 71 July 22...... 225. 97 Sept. 23 222. 25 Mar, 24 ,. 232. 68 May 27 231. 70 July 29...... 225. 76 Sept. 30. ___ . 222. 03

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 493. Maude Wells. NEJ4NEJ4 sec. 2, T. 11 S., R. 3 W. Stock well, dug 8 feet deep. Measuring point is top of timber cover, through bored hole, 0.8 foot above land surface and 233.35 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 11.. 227. 05 232. 47 Apr. 7- --- 232. 45 July 28--_. .... 228. 57 Oct. 17_..____- 226. 28 Jan. 10- _ .. 232. 57 Apr. 14 . ... 231. 64 Aug. 4 _ ..-. 228. 33 Oct. 30 . 227. 32 Jan. 14,. _ ... 232. 47 Apr. 22_ _ .... 231. 53 Aug. 11 228. 21 Nov. 6 .-.-. 227. 07 Jan. 21 _-._ 231. 65 Aug. 18 227. 90 Nov. 13 .... 227. 73 Jan. 24.... 231. 97 Aug. 25 __ .... 227. 85 Nov. 20 __ 227. 87 Jan. 28 __ 231. 87 May 12 ..... 231.08 Sept. 1 . ----- 227. 94 Dec. 4 . 227. 96 Jan. 31 _ _ . 231. 37 May 19 ----- 231. 88 Sept. 9 227. 82 Dec. 10-- 228. 97 Feb 4 232. 14 231. 85 Sept. 15 227. 80 Dec. 18. .. 229.05 Feb. 12 232. 33 231.33 Sept. 22 227. 42 Dec. 26 231. 18 Feb. 20 ... .. 231. 57 231. 22 Sept. 29 - 227. 07 Dec. 28 231. 68 Feb. 25 232. 54 June 16 231. 16 Mar. 4 _ . 232. 05 June 23_ ___ _ 230. 61 1936 Mar. 10- _ -.__ 231. 70 229.78 Mar. 18 232. 10 July 9.. 229. 38 Jan. 1 ...... 232.00 Mar. 25 231. 93 July 14 229. 56 Jan. 3 ___ .... 232. 07 Mar. 31 __ .... 231.97 July 21- . -- 228. 97

3 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 502. Sophie Wilson. SEJ4SWJ4 sec. 7, T. 11 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, dug 24 feet deep, backfilled around 10-inch concrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of cover on box curb, beside draft pipe, 2.9 feet above land surface and 227.90 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 15. __. 210. 96 Jan. 15 010 QC 216.00 July 29.. 212.90 Oct. 29 .._--.. 210. 86 Jan. 22 914 4fi Apr. 29 215. 85 Aug. 4----- 212. 77 Nov. 5 ...... 211.13 215. 39 Aug. 12 212. 72 Nov. 13. _ .- oi q 70 214. 82 Aug. 19 __ .-._ 212. 72 Nov. 20 _ _ _ 210. 75 Feb. 12. 215. 38 215.43 Aug. 26 212. 11 Dec. 4...... 210. 8? Feb. 20._ - 214. 87 May 27 216. 03 Sept. 2 212. 10 Dec. 11 __ 211. 66 216. 53 215. 49 Sept. 10 _ 211. 91 Dec. 18 211. 16 215. 93 215. 27 Sept. 16 211.90 210. 76 91 f\ 71 215. 24 Sept. 23. ___ _ 211. 57 215. 92 214. 91 Sept. 30 - 211.43 1936 215. 75 Julyl.. 214. 16 Apr. I... ._ 216. 46 JulylO-- 214. 22 Jan. 1 .... 211. 72 July 15 213. 93 Jan. 8 ...... 213. 23 216. 41 July 22.. 213. 74

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 176 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con.

513. Leslie Cade. NEJ4NWM sec. 23, T. 11 S., K. 3 W. Domestic well, dug 4 feet square and 22 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of brick curb, at north side, 258.81 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 11...... 241. 92 255. 52 253/57 Aug. 12 248. 00 Oct. 17--- . 241. 99 Jan. 22 .... 255. 09 May 6-- __ -_. 254.88 Aug. 19. .. 248.00 Oct. 30_-_ 241. 90 254.84 May 13 253.84 Aug. 26 .. 246.54 Nov. 6 -- 242. 01 Feb. 5.- 254. 03 254. 39 Sept. 2 --.. 246. 38 Nov. 13 - 242.13 Feb. 12_--__- 255. 07 May 27 253. 30 Sept. 10 246. 19 Nov. 20 -- 242.28 Feb. 20. OK. A Rfi 253. 35 244. 38 Dec. 4-. -----.. 242.17 Feb. 26-. --_ 255. 35 252. 91 Sept. 30. -- 244. 23 Dec. 11 242. 74 254.94 252.39 Dec. 18 246. 57 9^4 7 A. 252. 21 Dec. 26_._.--.. 247.47 Mar. 18 254. 36 July 1...... 251. 71 Mar. 25. --.. 254. 19 July 10- --- 251. 07 1936 Apr. 1. .._--.- 254.93 July 15 250. 49 Apr. 8_ .. ... 255.04 July22 249.88 Jan. 1 --- 248.60 ffKA K1 July29 _ -- 249. 49 Jan. 8 ...... 254. 81 Apr. 22 fJRA Ofl 248. 43

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 518. H. O. Wilson. NW^NEJi sec. 21, T. 11 S., R. 2 W. Irrigation well, dug 8 feet square and 15.5 feet deep. Measuring points: Top of east '6-by 8-inch timber pump support, near southeast corner of well, about 1 foot above land surface and 283.23 feet 2 above mean sea level; beginning July 10, 1936, new point 281.88 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 11- 274. 98 277. 91 Apr. 15- 277.23 July 29.-'-- - 275. 60 Oct. 17------275. 11 07Q OC Apr. 22 . 277. 11 275. 88 Oct. 30. 275. 08 Jan. 22 ...... Apr. 29 276. 99 Aug. 12 275. 78 Nov. 6 ____ . 275. 03 277. 64 277. 69 Aug. 19 275. 67 Nov. 13.---.--. 275. 28 Feb. 5 277. 25 May 13 276. 88 Au?. 26- ...... 275. 63 Nov. 20 275. 45 Feb. 12 -- 077 Qfl 276. 85 275 63 Dec. 4_ 275. 55 Feb. 20. . 077 OQ May 27 276. 88 Sept. JO... 275. 46 Dec. 11-. .-...- 275. 79 Feb. 26-.- . 278. 01 276. 84 Sept 16..- . 275.48 Dec. 18 276. 38 277. 86 276. 76 275.44 Dec. 26 -. _._ 276. 30 277. 66 276. 67 Mar. 18 276. 79 1936 Mar. 25 ..-. 277. 10 July 10-__ 276. 33 Apr. 1 277. 39 276. 30 Jan. 1 ...... 276. 97 077 QQ T.-.I-.T 99 275. 98

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 527. G.W. Cummings. SWJ^SWJ^sec. 12, T.12S., R. 6 W. Unused well, driven 3 inches in diameter and 27.8 feet deep. Measuring point is top of 3-inch casing, 1.5 feet above land surface and 263.86 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 18--- . 254. 39 9 KC on 259. 59 July 15... .- 255. 76 Oct. 23 254. 35 9Efl Oft A «* 1 c 257. 15 July 22-..- - 255. 44 Oct. 29-- 254. 46 257. 64 Apr. 22 257. 20 July 29...- - 255. 36 Nov. 7 - 254. 41 Jan. 21 256. 95 Apr. 29- 256. 78 255. 24 Nov. 13 254. 41 OEfl CQ 256.59 Aug. 12 255. 03 Nov. 20 254.58 Feb. 5 256. 01 May 13.. 256. 82 Aug. 19- 254. 95 Nov. 29 254. 74 Feb. 12 257. 30 May 20- .... 256.73 Aug. 26 254. 72 Dec. 11,.. -. 255. 25 Feb. 21...... 257.88 OEfl 7C Sept. 2 .. 254. 59 Dec. 18 - - 254. 84 Feb. 26 259. 22 257. 57 Sept. 10 . 254. 40 Dec. 26 254. 88 257. 49 256. 43 Sept. 16 254. 38 Mar. 11-..-.... 256. 22 254. 35 1936 Mar. 18 257. 38 256. 13 Sept. 30 ...... 254.23 Mar. 25- . -. 257. 17 July 1...... - 256.03 Jan. 2- .... 255. 62 Apr. 1..-. . 259. 57 Julys.-- 255. 92

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 177

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con- 528. Independence School, district 18. NWJ4SEJ4 sec. 25, T. 12 S., R. 6 W. Domestic well, dug 31.2feet deep, backfilled around 6-inch conrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of casing, 0.5 foot above land surface and 314.36 feet * above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 298.17 309. 64 July 22..---. 302. 63 Oct. 23--. .. 298. 75 Apr. 22.- . 309. 59 July 29.... . 301. 64 Oct. 29...... 298. 31 311.09 Apr. 29..-...- 307. 60 301. 15 Nov. 7 ono 79 306. 90 301.06 Nov. IS...... Feb. 5. . 308. 05 306. 51 301. 23 Nov. 20 .- ... 299. 04 Feb. 12 308. 43 306. 07 300.88 Dec. 4 - 299.38 Feb. 21.---.-.- 309.30 May28 306. 16 Sept. 2 .... 300. 74 Dec. 11 .... 299. 27 Feb. 26.--... 310. 17 June 3 307. 48 Sept. 10 - 300. 43 Dec. 18--. -. 300. 73 304. 52 Sept. 16 ... 300. 47 Dec. 26.-----.. Mar. 11 312. 18 304. 07 299. 12 Mar. 18 309.28 303. 99 298. 99 1936 Mar. 25 309. 73 July 1- ...... 303. 14 Apr. l-_. --..-. 311. 35 JulyS. 303. 06 Jan. 2-_._ 302. 27 July 15.-- -. 302. 85

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 540. Roy Rickard. NWJ4NWJ4 sec. 26, T. 12 S., R. 5 W. Domestic well, driven 1}4 inches in diameter and 32 feet deep. Measuring points; Top of l}4-inch casing (after unscrewing cap), about 2 feet below surface and 236.0.5 feet 2 above mean sea level: beginning March 11,1936, top of standpipe, level with land surface and 237.82 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Feb. 26...... 217. 23 211.51 Aug. 14 210.4 Dec. 26.... __ 208. 39 Mar. 11 .... 217. 80 June 10. .... 213. 39 215. 23 214. 43 1935 - 1936 Mar. 25- ... 211. 36 June 24. ______213.31 Apr. 1...... 212. 32 212. 60 Oct. IS...... 208. 55 210. 62 212. 38 JulyS-- 212. 43 Oct. 23_.. __ 208.53 212. 91 212. 15 July IS...... - 5 210. 75 Oct. 28.--- 208. 35 Jan. 15 .... 228. 62 212. 01 July 22-...... 212. 14 Nov. 7 ------208. 50 Jan. 22. .. 221. 61 Apr. 29 .... 212. 23 208. 90 Nov. 13 207. 65 Jan. 29 ... 212. 46 210. 98 Aug. 12 . 208. 85 Nov. 20 . 208. 40 Feb. 5 ~-- 212. 24 May 13 . .... 211. 71 Aug. 19_ __ -- 208.83 Dec. 11 ___ Feb. 12 . 212. 86 211. 30 Sept. Z ...... 210. 21 209. 41 Feb. 21...... 214. 54 May 27...... 211. 39 Sept. 16 209. 89

2 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well. 548. Trip & Murphy. NWJ4NEJ4 sec. 22, T. 12 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, driven 1 % inches in diameter and 27 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 3.8 feet above land surface and 244.37 feet 3 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 15 227. 47 233. 35 Apr. 22- ... - 236. 64 July 29-. . 232. 08 Oct. 22-... _ 227. 35 Jan. 22.- . . ... 235. 19 Apr. 29 236.26 231. 52 Oct. 30..-.-. 227. 37 Jan. 29 - 233. 13 May 6_-_ __ . 235. 76 Aug. 12 ..... 231. 32 227. 57 Feb. 5 ._ 232. 69 234. 40 231. 72 Nov. 13 ... 227. 17 Feb. 12 235.88 May 20. 235. 21 Aug. 26 ___ 230. 07 Nov. 20 ... .. 227. 22 Feb. 20- ... . 234. 85 May 27 . 235. 22 Sept. 2- ___ . 229.94 Dec. 4... _ .-- 226. 29 Feb. 26 237.69 234. 29 Sept. 10 . 229. 85 227.60 237. 65 234.60 Sept. 16 230. 69 228. 89 Mar. 11 ..... 236. 65 234. 76 Sept. 23 ___ . 230. 50 Dec. 26 -... .. 229.21 Mar. 18 236. 68 June 24. ______233. 85 Sept. 30 ..... 230. 35 Mar. 25 -..- 236. 58 Julyl--. 233. 04 1936 236. 99 July 10-. .. 232. 68 237. 80 July 15.. __ -. 233.17 230. 47 237. 01 July 22... .. 232. 53

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 178 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, QRE'G.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 553. J. H. Swatzka. SEJ4SEJ4 sec. 9, T. 12 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 18.7 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring points: Top of 2-inch plank deck, through bored hole, 0.2 foot above land surface and 272.99 feet above mean sea level; September 6, 1928 to May 28, 1930, top of instrument shelf, 274.04 feet above mean sea level. Water stage recorder operated on well from September 6,1928, to May 28 1930.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1935 1936 July 28... - 263.4 OCfi AQ 256. 71 Apr. 1 ...... 270. 47 Sept. 3 _ 260. 26 270. 12 256. 79 Apr. 8- ...... 270. 31 Sept. 6...... 260. 01 256. 99 269. 59 Sept. 15.. _ ... 259. 47 Dec 4 257. 25 Apr. 22 268.95 Oct. 8...... 258. 23 Dec 11 258. 77 Apr. 29 ... . 268.55 Oct. 21-___..__ 257. 72 270. 64 Dec. 18. 261. 86 May 6 ...... 268.61 Dec. 16...... 268.14 Jan. 11... . _ 269. 99 Dec 26 262. 72 May 13 268.97 Jan. 18 ...... 269. 34 Dec. 28 263. 67 May'20 268. 91 1929 268. 87 May 27...... 268. 49 Feb. 1...... 271. 14 1936 267. 91 Jan. 6 ____ . 270. 54 Feb. 9_ ..... 271. 02 264. 82 267. 52 Jan. 20 270. 84 Feb. 16 . 270. 71 265. 03 267. 19 Feb. 2_ . 271. 14 Feb. 23 971 9Q 270. 62 June 24...... 266. 69 Feb. 16 269.46 Mar. 1...... 270. 99 July 1...... 266. 04 Mar. 7-.--- _-- 269. 69 Mar. 19 . ... 269. 31 271. 01 July 10 265. 26 Mar. 31 269. 93 269. 82 270. 47 July 15-. 264.80 Apr. IS 270. 55 269. 41 July 22. 265. 25 May 9 .-...... 269. 22 Apr. 26 269. 71 270. 01 July 29.-. .. 263. 57 May 13 267. 86 May 28- 268. 34 270. 37 262. 87 JuneS, _ ...-. 267. 38 July 23...... f)aA OQ Feb. 5 ... 269. 64 Aug. 12 ... 262. 64 July 4. 265. 92 Feb. 12 269. 71 263. 05 July 15--.. ---_ 265.18 1QOC 269. 00 Aug. 26-.. . 260. 88 263. 80 Feb. 26- .. 270. 03 Sept. 2 260. 72 Sept. 3 -. 260.53 Oct. 4--..._ ... 257. 39 270. 51 Sept. 10 260. 84 Sept. 7 ... 260. 25 Oct. 12...... TVTar 1 1 269. 99 Sept. 16 259. 19 Sept. 23 258. 91 Oct. 17--.. 257. 54 269. 79 Sept. 23 ..... 258. 74 Oct. 25 ...... 257. 36 Oct. 30.... . 256.84 Mar. 25 269. 35 Sept. 30- 258. 62

557. Scott Churchill. SEViSWH sec. 34, T. 12 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, dug 23 feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, alongside draft pipe, 1.3 feet above land surface and 268.04 feet > above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 15.... 248. 47 Feb. 20 ... f)OA ID Apr. 29 _ 262.35 July 22... 253.06 Oct. 22...... 247. 40 Feb. 26 ... . 263. 01 July 29...... 252. 69 1936 Mar. 4...... 264.36 262. 86 251. 32 Mar. 11 __ .. 264.36 May 20- _ ... 263. 36 Aug. 19... __ - 251. 44 Jan. 8.-...... 265. 31 Mar. 18 _ ..... 263. 74 May 27 ' 262. 40 Aug. 26 251.29 Jan. 15 ...... 265. 75 OfiQ QK 262. 80 251. 75 Jan. 22 ___ .. 265. 37 264. 06 8 260. 38 Sept. 10 - s 250. 62 Jan. 29 264. 66 Apr. 8...... 264 67 260. 72 Sept. 16- __ .. 250. 81 Feb. 5 264. 19 263. 36 July 10-. ... 255.73 Sept. 23... __ . 249. 36 Feb. 13...... 263.82 263. 22 July 15-. . 255. 10 Sept. 30 .. 249.11

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. { Pump operating in well. 6 Pump operating in well a short time prior to measurement. 560. Cecil Ensley, renter. SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 8, T. 12 S., R. 2 W. Domestic and stock well, drilled 4 inches in diameter and 48^6 feet deep, steel casing. Measuring point is top of steel casing, 0.6 foot above land sur­ face and 330.1 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Apr. 22- 323. 50 325. 31 July 15- . 323. 76 Aug. 26.- __ . 322. 31 Apr. 29 . 325. 40 June 10----- ... 325. 71 July 22... 322. 72 Sept. 2 ...... 322. 20 May 6.-. ___ 325. 57 324.96 July 29.. - 323.16 Sept. 10 321.97 May 13- . _ .. 325.68 324.60 322. 96 Sept. 16... _ . 322. 13 May 20- _ - ... 325. 72 July 1...... __ 323.84 Aug. 12 322. 71 Sept. 23 322 06 May 27- __ - 325. 52 July 10.- qoq oo Aug. 19 323.08 Sept. 30 - 321. 85

3 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 179

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

568. Ray Fisher. NEJ4NWJ4 sec. 14, T. 12 S., R. 2 W. Irrigation well, dug 8 feet square and 19 feet deep. Measuring points: Top of pump-house sill at northwest corner of well, marked by copper nail with washer, 352.35 feet 2 above mean sea level; beginning October 4,1935, top of 6-by-6-inch timber pump sup­ port at painted arrow, about 1 foot above land surface and 353.15 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Aug. 17...... 338.4 Mar. I...... 341. 85 339. 98 May 20 ...... 339. 01 Oct. 21...... 339.4 Mar. 29 341. 30 346. 09 May 27...... 340. 01 340.4 340. 30 345. 79 339. 63 May 28 .... . 340. 55 Jan. 22...... 343. 20 339. 47 1929 338. 51 341. 62 339. 33 Feb. 5 . 342. 01 June 24 - 339. 33 Feb. 2...... 340.2 Feb. 12 341. 30 July 9.. - 339. 90 Mar. 27. . . 341. 80 1935 Feb. 20 341. 47 July 15...... 338. 58 May 9...... 341. 35 Feb. 26...... 341. 60 July 22... .. 337. 91 340. 45 Oct. 4...... 336. 90 341. 57 July 29.. 338. 15 340. 05 Oct. 12-.. Mar. 11 341. 00 337. 94 Aug. 2...... 338.6 Oct. 17...... 337. 36 Aug. 12 337. 81 Sept. 23...... 337. 40 337. 70 Mar. 25 340. 36 Aug. 19. 337. 80 Oct. 25...... 337. 60 337. 68 Apr. 1 . 340. 38 Aug. 26 - 337. 46 Nov. 27 .. 337. 45 Nov. 13 337. 92 Apr. 8 340. 63 Sept. 2... .. 337. 41 Dec. 31.. _ . 342. 55 Nov. 20 338. 01 Apr. 15 340. 40 Sept. 10 « 7336. 30 338. 57 340.34 Sept. 16 336. 42 1930 Dec. 11.. __ .. 338. 77 Apr. 29...... 340. 13 Sept. 23 337. 51 Dec. 18...... 339. 82 340. 15 Sept. 30 337. 31 Feb. 1...... 341. 40 Dec. 26.. _ ... 339. 43 May 13.. 339. 23

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. s Pump operating in well. 7 Adjacent land being irrigated. 571. James R. Barnes. S WJ4NWH sec. 8, T. 13 S., R. 5 W. Domestic well, dug 23 feet deep, backfilled around 12-inch concrete-tile casing. Measuring point is top of casing, 0.9 foot above land surface and 252.01 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 18.. 238.00 248.42 249.02 JulyS « 240. 01 Oct. 23.. 238.22 250. 02 Apr. 15 245.95 July 15- 240.05 Oct. 29.... . 237. 82 247.94 245.37 July 22- 240.90 Nov. 7 .... 239. 09 246.37 Apr. 29 246.61 July 29-- - 243. 57 Nov. 13 239. 58 Feb. 5 247. 30 246.92 241.88 Nov. 20 . 239. 75 Feb. 12 249. 80 May 13- ... 243. 94 Aug. 12 241.98 Nov. 29 ... 240. 21 Mav20 246. 79 241.83 Dec. 4 240. 30 Feb. 26 251.22 May 27 245.37 237.45 Dec. 11 243. 54 Mar. 4 248.30 244.82 Sept. 2 235.81 Dec. 18-. ------242. 88 238.65 Dec. 26---..... 242. 86 Mar. 18 . 247.12 244.33 Sept. 16 239.04 Mar. 25- 247.25 June 24_ _ 245.49 Sept. 23 239. 13 Apr. 1 248.95 Julyl... 243.37 238.95

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. Pump operating in well a short time prior to measurement. 180 GROUND WATE.R OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1985-86 Con. 574. L. D. Porter. SE^SEJi sec. 10, T. 13 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, dug 5 feet in diameter and 20.7feet deep, brick curb. Measuring point is top of plank deck, at west side, 0.3 foot above land surface and 253.80 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 235.48 Jan. 22 ..... 251 . 37 May 13 ... 8 241. 79 (4) Oct. 23 . - 237. 83 250. 70 239.84 235. 12 Oct. 29...... 237.70 Feb. 5... 250. 42 May 27 239.89 Aug. 8 (4) Nov. 7 --- 237.48 Feb. 12 ___ 239.33 Aug. 12 (4) Nov. 13. .... 237. 38 Feb. 21...... 252. 50 5 236. 61 Aug. 15...... (') 238.78 (4) Nov. 29...... 236. 38 251.18 June 24. __ ... (414) Aug. 26...... (4) Dec 4 TVTar 1 1 OKA 7Q (414) (4) 240. 01 Mar. 18 ..... 250. 54 Julyl 236. 28 Sept. 2__ ...... 237. 93 242.34 Mar. 25 250. 36 Julys... (414) Sept. 10 236. 89 242.37 Apr. 1 251. 10 Julys.. ---_- 237. 02 Sept. 16 -. 237.52 250. 89 July 11-... 236. 27 Sept. 19 _ ... _ 237.71 1936 Apr. 15 -,.- 250. 49 July 15...... (414) Sept. 23 238.48 Jan. 2.- __ 252. 34 Apr. 22-...... 6244.41 July 18 (414) Sept. 26 .. 237. 98 Jan. 9.- __ _ 252. 73 Apr. 24 .... _ 244. 45 July 22.. .. (4) Sept. 30 ___ . 237.83 251. 94 Apr. 29 July 25.... _ (4) 251.94 239. 13 July 29.. ... 234.5 2 Leveling by U. B. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. 1 Pump operating in well. 14 Well dry. 575. L. J. Porter. SEJ4SEM sec. 10, T. 13 S., R. 5 W., across highway from well 574. Unused well, dug 5 feet in diameter and 20.5 feet deep, dry-masonry curb. Measuring point is top of 2-inch plank deck, 0.6 foot above land surface and 253.52 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 18 - 237.72 252. 09 251.04 Julys. ... 240.56 Oct. 24 - 235. 76 252. 66 Apr. 15 ..... 249.59 Julyl5__ 240.04 Oct. 29. ------235.65 Apr. 22 247.45 July 22-. _ 240.62 Nov. 7 235.47 250. 95 Apr. 24 247. 46 July 29 240.33 Nov. 13 235. 40 Feb. 5 250. 91 Apr. 29 245. 78 240.05 Nov. 20-._---_ 235. 37 Feb. 12- 252. 09 244.89 Aug. 12.. __ - 240.03 Nov. 29 - 236.80 Feb. 21 252. 76 5 243. 99 239. 60 Dec. 4-- 236.83 Feb. 26 252. 19 May 20... 243. 22 Aug. 26 239.52 Dec. 11 251. 05 May 27 .... - 243. 21 Sept. 2, ___ 238.32 Dec. 18 239. 60 Mar. 11 250. 83 241.83 Sept. 10 .. 237.45 Dec. 26 240. 53 Mar. 18 _ 250.68 241. 60 Sept. 16 . 238. 90 Mar. 25 248. 40 241.42 Sept. 23 238.62 1936 Mar. 27 248. 12 241.25 Sept. 30 -.. 238.56 Jan. 2_ ...... 251. 65 251. 71 Julyl 241.09 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 6 Pump operating in well. 579 Harold Freeman. SEHSWH sec 34, T 13 S., R. 5W. Domestic well, driven 27.3 feet deep. Meas­ uring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.8 feet above land surface and 267.08 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 18-- Feb. 12 256. 26 Apr. 29 254. 57 July 22...... 250. 81 Oct. 24-- 248. 29 Feb. 21.. . 257. 00 254.20 July 29.-- . 251. 28 Oct. 30.. 248. 23 Feb. 26 .... 257. 11 May 13 254. 27 250. 74 Nov. 7 ..-- 258. 11 254. 55 Aug. 12 249.85 Mar. 11 May 27 253. 69 Aug. 19 249. 39 1936 Mar. 18___ -. 258. 81 253. 77 Aug. 26 .... 249. 69 Mar. 25 255. 41 252. 74 Sept. 2.-. 249. 39 Jan. 9..- __ . 256.84 Mar. 27 ... . 255. 57 252. 19 Sept. 10.,- . 249. 20 Jan. 15_ _ 258. 91 Apr. 1 255. 26 252. 15 Sept. 16. __.... 249. 16 Jan. 22.- _- .. 257. 22 255. 35 Julyl-. 251.81 Sept. 23...... 248.81 Jan. 29.. 255. 18 Apr. 15 254. 92 JulyS _-..--_ 251. 59 Sept. 30-.. 248. 45 Feb. 5 -.. _ 254. 27 Apr. 22 252. 87 Julvl5 .._.-.. 250.90 2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 181

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 19%8-SO and 1985-86 Con.

581. Clingman Bros. SEJ4NWH sec. 16, T. 13 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 36 inches in diameter and 28 feet deep, in barnyard 20 feet southeast of pump house. Measuring points: August 13, 1928 and beginning October 4, 1935, top of brick casing; level with land surface, 258.49 feet 2 above mean sea level; Oct. 21, 1928, to July 23, 1930, top of plank well cover at copper nail with washer, 0.5 foot above land surface and 259.0 feet above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Aug. 13...... 243.0 250.40 256. 23 245. 97 Oct. 21. 239.6 May 28...... 247. 73 Jan. 22...... 255. 11 June24._. 245. 59 Dec. 16 .... 243.2 July23____..._ 244.15 Jan. 29 253. 87 Julyl.. .. 245.11 Feb. 5_. ._.__._ 253. 71 July 10..- .- 244.70 1929 1935 Feb. 12 252. 83 July 15 _ 244.34 Feb. 20. 251.64 July 22--- . 243. 78 Feb. 2_ _ 255.4 Oct. 4_...... 240. 27 Feb. 26 . 253. 46 July 29- 243. 39 Mar. 27... __.__ 251.90 Oct. 12- 240. 30 255.09 242.94 May 9_ 251.00 Oct. 17- 239. 92 Mar. 11 253. 94 Aug. 12 - 242. 55 248. 65 Oct. 30____. 239. 84 Mar. 18. 252. 65 Aug. 19 242.20 July

3 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

589. Ida Metzger. 8WHNWH sec. 30, T. 13 S., R. 3 W. Stock well, driven 24.8feet deep. Measuring point is top of open standpipe at side of well, 1.5 feet above land surface and 274.53 feet s above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 15...... 257. 33 Jan. 8 .... 265. 73 Apr. 1 ..... _ 268.16 July 10._ 265.20 Oct. 22...... 257. 30 Jan. 10 .. 266. 45 268. 07 July 15. __-_-_. 264.03 Oct. 30- 257. 19 266. 81 Apr. 15 -. 268.00 July 22.- 263.96 Nov. 6 257. 08 Jan. 22______267. 05 Apr. 22- 267. 51 July 29-. -__-_. 263.56 Nov. 13___. _ . 257. 11 Jan. 24. . 266.26 Apr. 29 . 267. 31 260.64 Nov. 20 ..... 257. 15 Jan. 29. . _ .. 266. 01 May 6.. _ . . 266. 87 Sept. 2 . .. 260. 64 Dee. 4. 257. 11 Jan. 31. ..__.__ 267.08 May 13 266.01 Sept. 10- 260.62 Dec. 11 258. 67 Feb. 5... 265. 72 May 20-... _ . 266. 46 Sept. 16...... 260.36 Dec. 18 261. 36 Feb. 13 263. 67 May 27 267. 25 Sept. 23.. _ . 260. 14 Dec. 26. .... 262.11 Feb. 20 _ 264. 07 June 3. _ ----- 266. 91 259.96 Feb. 26.--.... 267. 76 June 10_ ___ . 266. 45 1936 265. 51 265.97 Mar. 11..... 267. 91 266. 03 Jan. 1...... 264.17 Mar. 25 267. 95 Julyl.. 265. 46

3 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 182 GROUND WATER OF WTLLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation weUs, 1&&8-SO and 1935-36 Con. S90. Keeney School, district 51. SWJiS WM sec. 34, T. 13 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, driven \1A inches in diameter and 18 feet deep, at east side of school near entrance. Casing stamped 13-3-5 just below pump base under pump handle. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.5 feet above concrete pump platform and land surface and 287.5 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Aug. 16...... 278.0 Oct. SO...... 281. 93 June 3--...... 280.72 Nov. 6 . -_ Jan. 31...... 282. 81 June 10 __ .._ 280.48 1929 277. 26 Feb. 5 281.98 280. 71 Oct. 25.... 276. 35 Nov. 21 - 277.50 Feb. 13 281. 25 June 24. ___ . 280.18 Nov. 27...... 276. 10 Dec. 5-..-.- _ 278. 78 Feb. 20.. ... 280.76 July 1-. ...-.- 279. 83 Dec. 31...... 279. 91 Feb. 26...... 282. 83 279. 65 Dec. 18- - 280. 68 July 15 ------279. 44 1930 279. 04 Feb. 1- 282.50 July 29...... 278. 71 Mar. 1...... 282. 45 Mar. 26 -.. 281. 82 Aug. 6_...... 278. 39 Mar. 29...... 282. 25 Aug. 12 278. 13 Apr. 26...... 282. 55 282. 12 Aug. 19. . 278. 53 May 28...... 281. 12 Jan. 2- ...... Apr. 15. __ ... 282. 20 Aug. 26 277. 66 July 23-....-- 278. 79 Jan. 3- ... 282. 70 281.36 Sept. 2_...... 277. 39 Jan. 8 __ ... Apr. 29...... 281.26 Sept. 10 277.30 1935 284. 23 Sept. 16 277. 28 Oct. 4_...__ O7ft «J 282 99 281. 46 Oct. 12- 276. 57 Jan. 22-... .- 282. 73 May 20...... 281. 22 Sept. 30...... 276. 86 Oct. 17...... 276. 48 Jan. 24...... 282.34 May 27 281. 32

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 594. Central School, district 50. SWMSWJ4 sec. 3, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Unused well, 3 inches in diameter and 26 feet deep, 20 feet south of school. Stamped 14-5-1 on iron pump brace. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.15 feet above concrete pump platform and 268.2 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 250.8 Feb. 2 ._ , 257.4 Oct. 22-..- ...... --_ _ ... 250.5 Dec. 16 -- _ -- . .... 252.1

596. Mrs. Thomas Harvey (formerly W. E. Thomas). SEMSEM sec. 10, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, driven 1% inches in diameter and 19 feet deep, in southeast corner of field 0.3 mile east of residence. Casing stamped 14-5-5 on south side just below pump base. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.9 feet above land surface and 270.39 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1935 1936 1936 July 4_. ....-.- 254.4 Oct. 12...... 252. 11 Feb. 12 _ _ 260.60 June 24...... 254.36 261. 15 Julyl.- .... 254. 05 o co f)\ Oct 21 267. 70 Julys.-- ... 253. 52 Oct. 26...... Nov. 7 ...... 261. 51 July 15...... 254.13 Nov. 28. 251. 74 Nov. 13...... 251. 99 Mar. 11, ...... 260.73 July 22-- . 254. 05 Nov. 20 ...... 260.10 July 29.. 253. 70 1930 Nov. 29 252. 59 Mar. 25 258. 63 253. 43 Dec. 4--.-,---. 252. 86 Apr. 1 258. 28 Aug. 12 253. 07 Jan. 2_..-.. ... 260. 14 Dec. 11.. --_ 253. 75 256. 46 Aug. 19...... * 252. 65 Jan. 31 ... . oeo no Apr. 15- 254.60 Aug. 26 253 05 Feb. 28 261. 09 254. 96 Apr. 22- 257. 12 Sept. 2 --..- . 252.80 9*V7 fiQ A nr 9Q 257. 09 Sept. 10 _ - 252. 32 Apr. 25 1936 257.60 Sept. 16 252. 39 May 28.. ------255. 03 May IS...... 258. 06 Sept. 23 252. 05 July 23..- - 257. 82 258. 31 Sept. 30...... 251. 58 Jan. 9-.._ ... 260.25 May 27 255. 60 1935 Jan. 22--....-- 262. 26 June 3--._ _ .- 255. 81 Jan. 29...... 258. 75 June 10. _ -.._ 255. 21 Oct. 5-.. 252. 17 Feb. 5...... 260. 25 254.98

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. * Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. WELL RECORDS 183

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 602. W. N. Carpenter. SWKNEJ4 sec. 33, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Well drilled 3 inches in diameter and 61.3 feet deep, steel casing. Measuring point is top of 3-inch steel casing, 1.2 feet above land surface and 287.58 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 15...... 273. 41 277. 50 Apr. 23 277. 37 273. 88 /~\nt 94 280.41 277. 22 Aug. 13 ... 273. 34 273. 46 279. 64 May 6-. _ __ . 277. 09 Aug. 20----.-. 273. 75 273. 38 Jan. 29__ 277. 72 277. 01 Aue. 27 __ 273. 70 273. 48 Feb. 5- 277. 64 277. 05 Sept. 3 ...... 273. 61 Nov. 20. .... 273. 78 Feb. 12.. _..__. 277. 55 May 28 _-..-. 277. 01 Sept. 11 273. 46 Nov. 30__..___- 273. 89 Feb. 21...... 277. 73 276. 79 Sept. 17 273. 59 TlAP ^ Feb. 27 280. 23 276. 21 Sept. 24 273. 31 274. 55 280.49 June 18 276. 41 Oct. 1- . 273. 04 274. 97 Mar. 11 278. 72 June 25 __ , ... 275. 82 Mar. 18 ..... 277. 81 July 2-. 275. 69 Mar. 25.. ------278. 14 July 9--. ..- 275. 45 1936 Apr. 2_...-. ... 278. 77 July 16.-....-- 275. 03 278. 86 July23_---_ -. 274. 55 276. 99 Apr. 16__ 277. 67 July 30 - 274. 09

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 603. R. L. George. SE54NW54 sec. 34, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, driven 24 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.4 feet above land surface and 287.65 feet 2 above mean sea level. | Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 17-.-- 272. 28 Jan. 10. _ . 277. 06 Apr. 23-... . 276. 38 Aug. 6 ...... 273. 97 Oct. 24. -.--..- 272. 21 285. 45 276. 62 Aug. 13 273.88 Oct. 30-... 272. 16 Jan. 23 ___ _ 284. 62 276. 83 273. 59 Nov. 7 .... 272. 07 Jan. 30__ ___ - 279. 68 276. 37 Aug. 27 _ 273. 18 271. 97 Feb. 6__--- . 276. 54 272. 82 Nov. 20 --...- 272. 10 Feb. 13 277. 69 Mav28 276. 58 Sept. 11 .- 272. 63 Nov. 30 .... 272. 11 Feb. 22 ... . 276. 80 275. 97 Sept. 17 273. 06 Dec. 5 ..... Feb. 27 281. 84 276. 21 272. 98 Dec. 12.. . 272. 97 281. 02 276. 24 Oct. 1. --.__- . 272. 72 Dec 19 Mar. 12. Dec. 27 273. 04 M"r 19 278. 51 July 2. 275. 06 Mar. 26 .-.-- 276. 97 July 9 .... 274. 87 1936 Apr. 2-_-_ _ __ 278. 48 July 16 274. 62 27S. 59 July 23 . 274. 36 274. 18 Apr. 16 276. 34 July 30-- 274. 18

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 604. M. L. Hewitt. SE^SWH sec. 36, T. 14 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, driven 17.2 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.0 feet above land surface and 286.88 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 270. 58 973 43 971 f\7 Nov. 13 270. 66 Jan. 30 - 274. 75 Apr. 23 . 275. 07 July 23 271. 42 Nov. 20...... 270. 78 Feb. 6--...... 275. 21 Apr. 30 274. 57 July 30... 270. 84 271. 17 Feb. 13 A nor A 270. 61 272. 04 Feb. 22 274. 71 273. 75 Aug. 13. 272. 34 Dec. 27 . - 272. 02 Feb. 27- 277. 23 273. 84 Aug. 20-- -. 270. 76 Dec. 28 273. 00 977 fl^ Aug. 27 270. 41 Mar. 12 . 281. 06 272. 56 Sept. 3 ------269. 67 1936 Mar. 19 280.20 272. 34 Sept. 11 ... 269. 42 Mar. 26 274. 82 June 18- _ ... 272. 14 Sept. 17 ... 270. 68 Jan. 3. ____ . 273. 91 Mar. 27 -. 272. 12 Sept. 24 _ 270. 15 Jan. 10 . 274. 70 Apr. 2 274. 24 July 2-. .. 271. 89 Oct. 1. ..--.._. 269. 80 Jan. 16 - - 280. 75 273. 95 July 9.- 271. 52

' Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 184 GROUND WATER OP WILLAMETTE VALLEY,, OEEG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

606. Citizens Light & Water Co. (of Halsey). SEMNEM sec. 1, T. 14 S., E. 4 W. Public-supply well, dug 10 feet in diameter and 28 feet deep, extended by two 4-inch drilled holes to a total depth 72 feet, in pump house north of tank tower. Copper nail with washer stamped 14-4-6 in east end of door sill. Measuring point is base of 8- by 8-inch beam at copper nail with washer, about 7.5 feet below land surface and 274.5 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feett

1928 1929 Aug. 16...... 264. 65 Feb. 2 ...... 270.9 Oct. 21 263.3 Mar. 27 271. 25 Dec. 16 267. 79 272.3

607. J. H. Suytor. NEJiNWK sec. 5, T. 14 S., R. 4 W. Domestic well, driven 1% inches in diameter and 23.4 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 3.5 feet above land surface and 273.0 feet J above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1935 1936 1936 Oct. 16.-. 254.21 Dec. 11... OK2 QQ 256. 86 Feb. 26 255.57 Oct. 22.--. . 254. 17 254. 40 255. 72 Mar. 4. _ . __ 255. 67 Oct. 30....---. 254. 02 Dee. 27...... 254. 81 Jan. 22 255. .32 Mar. 12.. 256. 31 Nov. 6...... 254. 15 Jan. 29...... 254.25 Nov. 13 .-.- 254. 22 1936 Feb. 5- 255. 03 Nov. 21....-.- 254. 36 Feb. IS.. 254. 57 253. 98 254.45 Feb. 20 254.06

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

608. L. O. JKroft. SEMNWM sec. 5, T. 14 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, drilled 6 inches in diameter and 50 feet deep, steel casing. Measuring point is top of l^-inch standpipe, 0.2 foot above land surface and 271.87 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Feb. 26...... 256.22 256. 47 256. 37 Aug. 12 255. 87 256. 38 Apr. 30 256. 40 June 25_. _ ... 256.29 Aug. 20- 255. 93 Mar. 12. . 256. 42 255.99 July 2-- 256. 20 Aug. 27 255. 60 257. 31 256. 43 July 11-..-. 255. 98 Sept. 3- -. 255. 52 Mar. 25 .... 256. 69 May 21_...... 256. 35 July 16-- 256.14 Sept. 11 255. 47 Apr. 2...... 256. 25 May 28 - 256. 10 July23_..._ 256. 01 Sept. 17 255. 45 256. 60 255. 88 July 30..... 255. 92 Sept. 23 255.40 Apr. 16-. 256. 73 256. 43 255. 91 Oct. 1. ------254. 30

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 185

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con. 613. B. E. Cogswell. SE^NWM sec. 26, T. 14 8., R. 4 W. Stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 15. 5 feet deep, backfilled around 6-ineh tile easing, in barnyard. Copper nail with washer stamped 14-1-7 in 6- by 10-inch timber at north side of well. Measuring point is top of tile casing, painted white on west side, level with land surface and 294.56 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Aug. 18 - 283. 96 Mar. 29-.. _ 286. 16 Jan. 8------286.68 May 21 285.46 Oct. 21...... 283.26 Apr. 26.. -.-_-_ 287.16 Jan. 10 ..-.. 287.43 May 28..- .. 285. 43 Dec. 16 . 284. 81 Jan. 16 ..... 288.38 June 4------. 285.09 July23____ 284.04 Jan. 23. _ _ . 286.71 June 11-...... 285.00 1929 Jan. 24_...... 285.94 June IS...... 284. 25 1935 Jan. 30 .-... 285. 91 June 25 284.74 Feb. 2-...... Oct. 4...... 282. 65 Feb. 6 ...... July2__._ _ 284. 41 Mar. 27_...... 286.26 Oct. 12...... 282. 72 Feb. 13...._.-_ 285. 69 July 11...... 284. 32 286.36 Oct. 17...... 282. 88 Feb. 21...... 291.23 July 16.----- 4 282. 49 Oct. 31...... Feb. 27 ... 287. 73 July 23...... « 282. 58 July 4...... 284. 66 Nov. 7 ...... 282.56 Mar. 5 _._.- 290. 29 July 30-. 282.79 A iip- O 283. 51 Nov. 14...... 282. 66 Mar. 12 . . 286.17 282. 56 Sept. 23- ... 283. 21 Nov. 21 .... 282. 78 Mar. 19 286. 75 Aug. 12 . 282.42 Oct. 26--..---, 282.91 Dee. 5...... 282. 72 Mar. 25 .... 285.57 Aug. 20 _ 282. 35 Nov. 28_ 283. 11 285. 24 286. 24 Aug. 27.. .-. 282.35 285.76 Dec. 19- 284. 06 Apr. 9...... 284.59 Sept. 3 282. 23 Dec. 27-. 284. 51 Apr 16 ...... 285.75 Sept. 11. 282. 10 1930 Dec. 28..-. - 285. 74 Apr. 23 285. 49 Sept. 17. 282. 06 Apr. 30- 285. 49 Sept. 24 ._ 281.70 Feb. 1...... 293. 16 1936 May 7...... 285.12 Oct. 1_._ 281. 53 Mar. 1...... 285. 21 285. 65

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals.

615. F. J. George. SWMSEM see. 28, T. 14 S., R.4 W. Unused driven well, 17 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 1.4 feet 2above land surface and 294.6 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 16.- . 280. 10 Jan. 8-.-. ... 288. 35 Apr. 16_ . 282. 58 July 23...... 281.83 280. 11 Jan. 16. ---_..- 290.45 Apr. 23. . 282. 23 July 30- 281.58 Oct. 31.. r . 280. 08 Jan. 23 - _ ... 282. 26 Apr. 30.. 282.25 281.40 Nov. 7-_ -..-.. 280. 05 Jan. 30--. . 281. 18 282. 44 Aug. 12 281. 28 280.20 Feb. 6. 281.63 282. 77 Aug. 20 281. 32 280. 32 Feb. 13 281. 86 May 21.. 282. 38 Aug. 27_.._- ... 280. 96 280. 25 Feb. 21 2S2. 39 May 28.. .1 282.60 Sept. 3.. 280. 85 Feb. 27 282. 21 281. 86 Sept. 11.- 280. 96 282. 77 282. 35 Sept. 24...... 280.51 280. 07 Mar. 12... 282.42 June 18- .. . 282. 52 Mar. 19 .- 282. 14 June 25 _ _ __ 282. 22 Mar. 25 282. 20 July2_._ . 282.29 282. 22 July 11... .. 282.07 Jan. 2-.-. .... 280. 87 282. 56 July 16 ...... 281. 97

8 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

616. Mrs. R.Toedtemeier. SW^SW^sec. 15, T. 14S., R.4W. Unused well, dug4feetin diameterand 24 feet deep, in field 0.25 mile north of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 14-3-5 in top of curb. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 1.7 feet above land surface and 308.7 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 Aug. 23..--. ..- ...... 290.3 .Feb. 2 ...... 302.3 Oct. 21...... 290.1 Mar. 27_ 293.2 Dee. 16_ 291.1 290.2 186 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTB VALLEY, OREG.

. TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 618. Charity Grange. SEJ4NEM sec. 28, T. 14 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, driven 1^ inches in diameter and 35.5 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.5 feet above land surface and 314.4 feet 3 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1 Oct. 16.--..-_. 290. 92 Jan. 3 ..-._.. 291. 02 Apr. 16- --_ 291. 60 July 30- . __ 291. 63 Oct. 22___ 290. 88 Jan. 9_-..._ ._ 290. 17 Apr. 23- ___ . 291.70 291.70 Oct. 31,.---.. 290. 80 Jan. 16- -_.. _ 291. 87 291.71 Nov. 7_ __ 290.80 Jan. 23. _----. 291. 01 292. Of) 291.76 Nov. 14...... 290. 86 ' Jan. 30 _-_.--_ 291. 20 291. 83 Aug. 27 _.-_.._ 291. 50 Nov. 21__._ _ 291. 00 Fob. 6 ------290.92 291. 80 Sept. 3----.... Dec. 5.. .-..__. 290.96 Feb. 13__ 290. 86 291.58 Dec. 12.__--__- 295.85 Feb. 21.... 291.70 291.08 Sept. 17______291.28 Dec. 19. _----_ 296. 73 Feb. 27 ... . 291. 07 291.76 Sept. 24... Dec. 27.----.-. 290. 83 Mar. 5. -._-___. 290. 92 June 18 -- _ 291.87 Dec. 28- . 290.98 Mar. 12.... - 291.50 291.82 Mar. 19 .. - 291. 94 July 2-_....-._ 291.27 1936 Mar. 26 . -____ 292. 05 July ll_---.-_ 291.78 Apr. 2_.. ------292.23 July 16 -_-.__ 291. 76 Jan. 2 290.92 291.56 July 23_ -._-.. 291.63

2 Leveling by TJ. S. Engineer Department. 621. Rosa D. Bierley (former owner, Mrs. E. Holloway). NWMNWJ4 sec. 7, T. 14 S., R. 2 W. Domes­ tic well, bored 4 inches in diameter and 76 feet deep, steel [casing. Measuring point is top of 4-inch steel casing, 0.2 foot above land surface and 332.3 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 327. 84 327. 96 July 1__ ...... 327. 55 Mar. 18 _....-- 327. 60 May IS. . 328. 07 July 10-- 327. 47 Sept. 2__...... 326. 40 Mar. 25.. -. 327. 68 May 20 _.-_..- 326. 93 July 15- - 327. 25 Sept. 10- --_ 326. 50 Apr. 1...... 327. 13 May 27 .... 327. 65 July 22--... .._ 327. 10 Sept. 16--. . 327. 98 327. 81 July 29----____ 326. 95 Sept. 23___-___ 325. 97 Apr. 15_ -.__ 328. 00 326. 80 327. 17 325. 95 Apr. 22. ... . 327. 96 327. 72 Aug. 12...... 327. 78 Apr. 29. 327. 93 June 24 _ . .... 327. 59 Aug. 19__ __ _. 327. 21

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 630. C.M.Spone. SE^SEK sec. 9, T. 15 S., R. 4 W. Domestic well, driven lj*j inches in diameterand 20.6 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 1.9 feet above land surface and 309.18 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 17--,---- 292. 88 Jan. 9...... 296.59 Apr. 16- _ 296. 80 July23__ 294.46 Oct. 22-.. . 292. 78 Jan. 16...... 299. 31 Apr. 23- ... _ 297. 03 July SO,-. __ _ 294. 18 Oct. 31- 292. 76 Jan. 23_ __ __ 298. 20 Apr. 30. ..- 296. 68 294. 31 Nov. 7 .. 292.66 297. 34 296. 40 Aug. 13 293.79 Nov. 14- ... .. 293. 01 Feb. 6 .._..-- 297. 14 Aug. 20__ ...... 294.38 Nov. 21 .---. 293. 10 Feb. 13. 296. 05 May 21. .__ 295.61 Aug. 27 .... 294.22 Dec. 5_ _ 293. 11 Feb. 21.. .. 296.99 May28. .... 295. 21 Sept. 3. -.---.. 294.16 293. 37 Feb. 27 298. 75 295. 04 Sept. 11. _ 293.43 Dec. 19 ____ _ 293. 71 299. 31 295. 86 Sept. 17.- 294.00 293. 62 297. 43 296. 17 Sept. 24, . ... 293. 81 Mar. 19 297. 88 295. 36 Oct. 1...... 293.59 1936 Mar. 26 296. 61 July 2. -.-.-._. 295.14 296.99 July 11.. 294. 79 294. 27 297. 24 July 16.-.. . 294. 61

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 187

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-80 and 1935-36 Con. 631. H. F. Meersdorf. NEJ^NE^ sec. 16, T. 15 S., R. 4 W. Public-supply well (Harrisburg), dug 10 feet in diameter and 30 feet deep, extended by several 3-inch driven wells to a total depth of 60 feet. Copper nail with washer stamped 15-4-2 in well curb. Measuring point is top of plank well curb at copper nail with washer, 1.0 foot below land surface and 307 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Date level Date level (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 Aug. 15_._ 289.6 Feb. 2 294.8 289.6 Mar. 2 7 293. 35 Dec. 16_ 290.4 May 9 292. 85

633. Mrs Ingraham. SE^NW^ sec. 20, T. 15 S., R. 4 W. Unused well, driven 22.1 feet deep. Measur- ing point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.8 feet above land surfeice and 315.72 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 17-----.-. 294. 56 Jan. 3__ ...... 296.91 Apr. 9.. _ ... 297. 68 July 9--- .. 295. 65 Oct. 24______301.08 297.70 July 16--..--.. 295.46 Oct. 30...... 294.53 Jan. 16___ __ 305. 58 Apr. 23__. __ 297. 78 July 23.-.----. 294.79 Nov. 7 ______294.52 Jan. 22-. _ ... 304. 75 Apr. 30__ ...... 297.66 July 30-...... 293. 90 Nov. 13 . 294. 57 Jan. 30___._ .. 302. 73 297. 74 Aug. 6__ ___ . 293.79 Nov. 20______294. 79 Feb. 6-__- .... 298. 65 298.21 Aug. 13-.-..... 295.08 Nov. 30_. ______296. 04 Feb. 13_____._. 298. 09 297.28 294.83 Dec. 5. ._____._ 294. 81 Feb. 27 300.56 296. 76 Aug. 27- . ... 294. 78 Dec. 12_ ---_ 295. 89 300. 13 296. 58 Sept. 3--.. . 294. 66 Dec. 19--_,____ 295. 55 Mar. 12. ---- 299. 71 296. 46 Sept. 11.-. . 294. 40 Dec. 27. 295. 73 Mar. 19 ..... 298. 21 June 18 ------296. 31 Sept. 17_ ..... 294. 95 Mar. 26.. ______298.90 296.12 Sept. 24---. 294.86 297. 91 295. 83 Oct. 1. .-.-... 294.81

2 Leveling by IT. S. Engineer Department.

636. Junction City.' NW^SWJ^ sec. 32, T. 15 S., R. 4 W. Fire-protection well, dug 8 feet in diameter and 20 feet deep, in northwest angle of Seventh and Holly Streets. Manhole rim stamped 15-4-10 on south side. Measuring point is top of iron manhole rim at south side, level with land surface and 323.4 feet 8 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Aug. 23 _--.. _ 314.5 Oct. 5 312. 76 Jan. 22_ 318. 56 316. 57 Oct. 12-.- 312. 71 Jan. 30 ...... 317. 83 316. 57 1929 Feb. 6- _ 317. 69 June 18 316. 40 Oct. 21.-.. 312. 86 Feb. 13 317. 97 316. 26 July 4_...... 316.3 Oct. 30______312. 55 Feb. 22 319. 90 July 2... 315.97 Aug. 2 ______315. 2 July9__. ______315. 58 Sept. 23--. 313. 65 Mar. 5 ... ___.. 318. 01 July 16__ _ 315. 44 Oct. 26--... . 313.1 Nov 90 July 23_ ...... 315.07 Nov. 28 - 312. 75 Nov. 29 _, ... 317. 19 July 30.. __._.. 314. 75 Dec. 5...... 312.63 Mar. 26 318. 32 314. 59 1930 317. 71 314.41 Dec. 19__. .._ 313. 87 317. 71 Aug. 20 ._ _ _ 314.03 Jan. 2--.-- .. 318. 15 Aug. 27. 313. 95 Jan. 31.. 319.4 317. 14 Sept. 3__ . 313. 79 Feb. 28_ ...... 318.8 317. 11 313. 71 Mar. 28 317. 85 Sept. 17--. . 313.45 Apr. 25 . 317. 65 Jan. 3-...... 315. 91 317.54 Sept. 24_ ..._. 313.42 May 23. -_.._-. 317. 12 317. 89 31141 July 23.----.. 315. 08 319. 69 May 28 316. 76

* Leveling by IT. S. Engineer Department.

408526 42 13 188 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

643. Doug. Wasson. 8EHNEH sec. 11, T. 15 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, driven Hi inches in diameter and 15 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 3.4 feet above land surface and 379.47 feet' above n.ean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 16_. ______363. 55 370. 54 July 11. _.-.___ Oct.22_....___ 363. 41 Jan. 3______369. 82 370. 90 July 16. ______366.94 Oct. 31-_._.___ 363. 43 Jan. 9______369. 68 Apr. 16__ 369. 77 July 23-. . 366.64 Nov. 7 _--.__ 363. 37 371. 42 Apr. 23_. ..___. 369.00 July30._...._. Nov. 14 _____ 363. 62 Jan. 23__-__-.__ 369. 99 Apr. 30.. _ ___ 368. 85 Aug. 6___...___ 365.30 Nov. 21 _____ 363. 73 Jan. 30 __-_ 368. 13 368. 40 Aug. 13_____ * 363. 50 Dec. 5. ______364. 08 Feb. 6. . . 367. 83 367. 70 364. 53 Dec. 12. ______366. 85 Feb. 13 ---.- 368. 63 May 21. ______« 368. 23 Aug. 27 .._._ 362. 47 Dec. 19__.____ 365. 68 Feb. 21. ______371. 98 May28___ __ 367. 51 Sept. 3...... 364. 73 Dec. 27_-__.___ 366. 22 Feb. 27_-.._ 370.68 366. 89 Sept. 11_____. . 364.98 Dec. 28. ._.._._ 367. 41 372. 44 368. 20 Sept. 17 -. 365.34 Mar. 12.._____, 369. 79 June 18-. ______368. 50 Sept. 24___-____ 365. 10 Mar. 19..- __ . 370. 88 368. 17 Oct. \...... Mar. 26 369. 83 July 2__ ...____ 367. 85

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. * Pump operating in well.

645. L. Hostetler, tenant. NWJ4NEJ4 sec. 19, T. 15 S., R. 3 W. Stock well, dug 4 feet in diameter and 13 feet deep, at north side of barnyard. Copper nail with washer stamped 15-3-2 in wood platform. Meas­ uring points: Top of wood pump platform at copper nail with washer, about 0.2 foot above land surface and about 326.1 feet 2 above mean sea level; beginning October 5, 1935, bottom of platform, level with top of brick curb and land surface and 325.9 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Wat-r Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1935 1936 1936 Aug. 18--__. __ 315.0 Oct. b...... 325. 15 323.30 Oct. 12__--.___ 313. 80 Jan. 30 -_- 324. 69 322. 74 1929 324. 23 June 18 Oct.31.__.____ 314.68 Feb. 13_. ______324. 68 June 25 321. 71 July4__-..____ 315.5 Nov. 7 314. 62 Feb. 21_____-_. 325. 68 July2_. .____. 320. 13 Aug. 2 _____ . 314.4 314. 72 Feb. 27_.____._ 325. 45 July 11 ______317.88 Sept. 23 -.. 313.6 Nov. 21_..____ 314. 70 325. 34 July 16.____._ 316. 46 Oct. 28.___ . (H) Dec. 5 ______316. 22 Mar. 12 _____ 324. 57 July 23 ______315. 96 Nov. 28 _____ (14) Dec. 12__ 321. 07 Mar. 19 __ 324. 37 July 30. --- 314. 90 Dec. 31__...___ 325.00 Dec. 19_.____. 319. 71 Mar. 26_ _,__ 324. 23 Aug. 6______314. 62 Dec. 27 ______324. 22 Apr. 2--______323. 87 Aug. 13 . 314. 63 1930 Dec. 28 ______323. 49 Aug. 20 _____ 314. 75 Apr. 16 _____ 324. 26 315. 80 Feb. \...... 325. 40 1936 Apr. 23______323. 69 316. 10 Mar. I... ______324. 80 Apr. 30 -- 324. 20 Sept. 11 _____ 316. 36 Mar. 29 .___ 324. 10 Jan. 2____.___ 325. 56 324. 86 Apr. 26____.___ 324. 85 Jan. 3_ __._ . 325. 60 324. 64 Sept. 24. ______316. 30 May28_-__,_._ 320.50 Jan. 9______325. 57 May 21 324. 23 Oct. 1 _____ July 23---- - 314. 28 Jan. 16 __..__ 325. 68 May 28_. ______323. 40

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. * Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. » Well dry. WELL RECORDS 189

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 649. J. W. Cleft. NE^SWH sec. 10, T. 16 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, driven 20.3 feet deep. Measuring points: Lower valve seat of pump, 1.0 foot above land surface and 329.06 feet 2 above mean sea level; begin­ ning November 30, 1935,1.75 feet below valve seat and 327.31 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 17...... 322. 17 326. 47 326. 04 July 16 325. 81 Oct. 24_...... 321. 56 Jan. 10 _ 326. 33 Apr. 16 326. 17 July 23--..--.. 325. 54 Oct. 30_...... 322. 41 Jan. 16 .-.-.. 326. 45 Apr. 23 - 325. 34 July 30 .. ___ 326. 34 Nov. 7...... 322. 46 Jan. 23 326. 33 325. 77 324. 53 Nov. 13 ... . 322. 21 Jan. 30 324. 09 326. 07 Aug. 13 - 322. 62 Nov. 20 323.19 Feb. 6 _ .--_ 323. 07 326. 02 322. 23 Nov. 30---.-. __ 322. 74 Feb. 13 _____ 326. 29 326. 00 Aug. 27 -. 322. 94 322. 67 322. 83 Dec. 12_-___.._ 324. 82 Feb. 27 _- 327. 38 327. 57 322. 57 Dec. 19...... 324.88 Mar. 5- __.__. _ 326. 62 327.54 Sept. 17 322. 41 Dec. 27...... 324.93 Mar. 12...... 325. 49 Mar. 19- -- 326. 03 327. 44 Oct. 1 ..__. 322. 07 Mar. 26 ....- 326. 03 July 2. 327. 40 Apr. 2- --. -_ 326. 00 July 9 327.22 s Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

650. Owner unknown. SE^SWM sec. 23, T. 16 S., R. 5 W. Stock well, driven \M inches in diameter and about 22 feet deep; at east end of barn. Casing stamped 16-5-3 on west side below pump. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.9 feet above land surface and 342.9 feet abovelnean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 A 11 or O4 328.7 Feb. 2. ._ _- 335.7 333.3 Oct. 22 . 327.6 Mar.27 --_ __ 336.7 July 4-.. 332. 15 333.7

653. R. W. Harrington. NEMNEM sec. 14, T. 16 S., R. 4 W. Irrigation well, dug 4J.J feet by 6 feet across and 10.5 feet deep, at west side of driveway 150 feet south of residence. Copper nail with washer stamped 16-4-1 in well curb at southwest corner. Measuring point is top of wood curb, at copper nail with washer, level with land surface and 346 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 341. 25 1929 1929 1929 A iif 99 Dec. 16.- Mar. 31...... 343.1 342. 55 Oct. 21. 339.8 Feb. 2 343.5 342.8 Julys.-- .-. 341. 55

661. Celia Belleville. SWMNWMsec. 30, T. 16 S., R. 4 W. Stock well, driven 14.2 feet deep. Measur­ ing point is top of steel drive pipe (no pump), 2.5 feet above land surface and 348.78 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 345. 24 q^c 01 342. 25 Oct. 24 - Apr. 2- 344. 22 342. 05 Oct. 30- . 338. 76 Jan. 23 _ . 345. 64 344. 12 June 25.. __ . 341.87 July 2. 341. 75 339. 33 Feb. 6 344. 74 Apr. 23. 343. 15 July9.--- 341.44 Nov. 20. -. ._ 340. 36 Feb. 13 . 344. 66 343. 20 July 16 _ 341.06 Nov. 30 . 341. 29 Feb. 22 . 346. 64 343. 64 July 23 340. 82 Feb. 27. ... . 343. 52 July 30...--.. (4) (14) 343. 55 340. 70 Dec. l9 __ 343. 67 Mar. 12 344. 10 May 28 342. 61 Aug. 13 340. 95 342. 65 Aug. 20 340. 87

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 4 Water level depressed by inordinately large withdrawals. i* Well dry. 190 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con.

663. A. G. Pirtle. SWJ£NEM sec. 17, T: 16 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, driven 1^ inches in diameter and 20.5 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 4.2 feet above land surface and 373.8 feet above mean sea level. Record continued after March 1936 in well 664.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1935 1936 1936 368. 45 Feb. IS 367. 47 Oct. 16 ---_.__ 360. 07 Nov. 21_ __ 362. 12 367.82 Feb. 21. 368. 18 Oct. 22-- ... 360. 10 Jan. 16 -- 368.17 368.63 Oct. 31- Dec. 12. 367. 05 Jan. 23______367.58 Mar. 12 367. 87 Nov. 7 ~-- 359. 99 Dec. 19 __ 367. 02 367. 36 Mar. 19 .. 367. 32 Nov. 14 362. 01 Dec. 27_ 367. 56 Feb. 6. --- 366. 62

664. Millwood Stock Farm. SWJ^SEM sec. 17, T. 16 S., R. 3 W. Unused well, driven 1J._ inches in diameter and 15.1 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, painted red, 3.2 feet above land surface and 379.59 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1936 1936 1936 1936 Feb. 28- Apr. 23. ______Aug. 13 - M$r. 5_ ___ _ Aug. 20 __ 369. 90 Mar. 12-______373. 66 July2__._._.__ 371.56 Aug. 27 _ Mar. 19. _ ____ 372. 57 372.23 Sept. 3______368.59 Mar. 26- 372. 27 May 21. ______373. 00 July 16. ______371.90 Sept. 11 368. 55 Apr. 2-______372. 56 May28______July 23______Sept. 17. ... 368.62 Apr. 9___--____ 372. 91 372. 62 July 30__ 371.00 Sept. 24 - 367. 77 Apr. 16-- 079 cn 370. 22 Oct. 1_ ---

2 Leveling by the U. S. Engineer Department.

680. Leo Sidwell. SWJCNEM sec. 32, T. 16 S., R. 3 W. Irrigation well, dug in field 600 feet west of residence; in 1928-30, 6 feet square and 18.5 feet deep; in 1935-36, back-filled around 36-inch concrete-tile casing. Measuring points: Top of timber well curb, northwest corner, at copper nail with washer, 389.20 feet above mean sea level; from Aug. 8, 1928, to July 4, 1929, top of instrument shelf, at bored hole, 390.48 feet above mean sea level; beginning October 5,1935, inner face at top of concrete-tile casing, marked by painted arrow, level with land surface and 388.98 feet 2 above mean sea level. Water-stage recorder operated on well from September 5,1928, to July 4,1929.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1930 1936 1936 Aug. 21. ______376. 75 Feb. 9_____ 381. 23 June 18______376. 98 Sept. 5 ______376. 69 Mar. 1 377. 72 Sept. 6 ______376. 67 Mar. 29 __ Julv 2 _ 377. 43 Sept. 15___.____ 376. 66 Apr. 26______379. 23 Jan. 30.__. _ 381. 75 Julv 11 ______377. 43 Oct. 8______376. 62 May 28. Feb. 6 July 16_____.__ 377. 36 Oct. 21______376.60 July23______Feb. 13 __ _ 379 80 July 23__ 377. 27 Dec. 16 376.88 July 30___ ._ 377. 08 1935 Feb. 28_ 3S0.02 376. 98 1929 Oct. 5___ 376. 88 Oct. 12_ _ Aug. 20 ______376. 83 Jan. 6______379. 08 Oct. 17_.__ 376. 66 Mar. 19 _ Aug. 27 ______376. 72 Feb. 2. 378.60 Oct. 31 _ 376. 00 Mar. 26__ 379. 71 Sept. 3 _____ 376. 66 Feb. 16_ _ 378. 80 Nov. 7_ _ Sept. 11______Mar. 7 _ 378. 81 Nov. 14___ 378. 35 Sept. 17 ______376. 40 Mar. 31 379. 20 Nov. 21 376. 17 Apr. 18__ 378. 52 Dec. 5_ Oct. !____ ... 376. 55 May 9. ______379. 13 Dec. 12 376. 76 Apr. 30 _ _ 378. 20 June 3_ _ 378. 25 Dec. 19 377. 20 May 7 ______378. 16 Ju1y4______377. 67 378. 77 Sept. 23 ... 377. 85 Oct. 26... 377. 73 1936 Nov. 18. __ . 377. 73 Jan. 2 Dec. 31______380.88 377. 94 377. 06

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. WELL RECORDS 191

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1935-36 Con. 693. Charles Frisbee, renter. SWJ4NWJ4 sec. 3, T. 17 S., R. 4 W. Domestic and stock well, dug 19 feet deep, steel casing, 8 feet south of southeast corner of barn. Casing stamped 17-4-1-2- on south side. Measur­ ing point is top of 3-inch casing, 2.6 feet above land surface and 376.77 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1929 1936 1936 1936 362. 47 Oct. 25_ . ... 361. 53 Feb. 6______369. 39 366. 70 Feb. 13______. 369. 64 366. 45 Nov. 28 .___ Nov. 8 361. 37 Feb. 22_ 368. 69 June 25 366. 28 Nov. 13, ..... Feb. 27______369. 39 July2 ______365. 99 1QQA Nov. 20 -_ July9______.__ 365. 78 Nov 30 362. 09 Mar. 12.. 368. 70 July 16._._____ 365. 19 Jan. 2... _ _ _ 367. 77 Dec. 5__ ._- 362. 13 Mar. 19 __ ___. 368. 16 Julv 23. - 364. 88 Feb. 28...... 368. 09 July30_ . 364. 31 Mar. 28 ...... 368. 17 Dec. 19. _ .... 363. 09 Apr. 2______368. 11 Aug. 6__ ___ 364. 14 Apr. 25_. ______367. 92 Dec. 27...... _ 363. 14 Apr. 9. ______368. 13 Aug. 13 ..-- 363. 55 May 28 Apr. 16______367. 59 Am;. 20______. . 363. 06 July23__.__... 364. 56 1936 Apr. 23_ ..... 367. 58 Aug. 27 - 363. 09 Apr. 30 - 367. 46 Sept. 3 ______363. 08 1935 Jan. 3.,- .... 366. 74 367. 73 Sept. 11 - 362. 94 Jan. 10_ _._ 368. 05 May 14______. 367. 45 Sept. 17 _____ 362. 49 Oct. 5...... 361. 67 367. 31 Sept. 24. .... 362. 30 Oct. n_.__..___ 361. 69 Jan. 23__ . ... 369. 05 May28_ 367. 19 Oct. 1...... 361.88 Oct. 18______362. 03 Jan. 30 ..____._ 368. 13 367.07

* Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

694. A. M. Rickman. SWJ4SWJ4 sec. 3, T. 17 S., R. 4 W. Irrigation well, dug 5 feet in diameter and 15 feet deep; destroyed in September 1929. Measuring point is top of plank spanning well, level with land surface and 374 feet above mean sea level (interpolated).

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1928 1929 1929 364.9 367.9 Feb. 2 ______371.8 368. 52 Oct. 21.. _-___ 364. 00 Mar. 27, ______369. 90 Julv 4_. ______367. 05 365.50

699. John Peterson. SW .4SWJ4 sec. 20, T. 17 S., R. 4 W. Well driven 34.2 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.7 feet above land surface and 380.1 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 19_6 1936 Oct. 17_ _ 369. 68 375. 25 374. 04 Aug. 6 371. 81 q/>n 74 O7C OQ 374. 06 Aug. 13 - 371. 64 Oct. 30...... 374. 05 Ausr. 20------370. 84 Nov. 8 - . 369. 75 Tan ^n 374. 69 370. 62 374 56 Sept. 3 370. 53 Nov. 20 -__ Feb. 13 374 48 May 28 374. 62 Sept. ll 370. 24 Nov. 30 ____ 371. 29 Feb. 22- 377. 07 374. 67 Sept. 17 - 370. 02 375. 71 370. 03 Dec. 12 373. 07 Oct. !_...... 369. 88 Dec. 19--.. -__ 373. 62 Mar. 12 ... 375. 57 372. 84 Dec. 27.----.. 373. 57 Mar. 19 . 375. 48 July2 __..____ 373. 04 Mar. 26 375. 51 July9. -.- . 372. 61 1936 Apr. 2. _ 375. 19 Julvlfi------372. 46 375. 21 Julv 23-- . .. 372. 17 Jan. 3...... 375. 05 Apr. 16- 374. 24 July 30. -..--- 371. 92

1 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department. 192 GROUND WATER OF WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREG.

TABLE 13. Ground-water levels in observation wells, 1928-30 and 1936-86 Con_

702. Clara Blais. SEHNWJ4 sec. 26, T. 17 S., R. 4 W. Well driven 17.7 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 2.0 feet above land surface and 402.32 feet 2 above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date Ipvel Date Ipvel Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1936 1936 1936 Oct. 17 __.-__ 388. 79 Jan. 10 ______394.11 Apr. 16.. .. 396. 39 July 23...... 392. 25 Oct. 24 _--_.__ 388. 68 one 91 Apr. 23______395. 96 Oct. 30 ______388. 63 Jan. 23_ _ 391. 44 Nov. 8 ___ 388. 72 Jan. 30____ 396. 04 391.06 Nov. 14 _... . 388. 64 Feb. 6 ______397. 01 May 14______391.70 Aug. 20_...... 390. 91 Nov. 20 ______388. 93 Feb. 13______OQ7 co Aug. 27___ __. __ 389. 33 Nov. 30 389. 05 Feb. 22 395. 84 389. 24 Dec. 5 ______3 _). 15 Feb. 27 395. 91 Sept. 11 ...- 388. 61 Dec. 12- . 389. 99 one no 388. 31 Dec. 19______389. 84 Mar. 12. ______397. 29 June 18. . . 394. 83 Sept. 24...... 387. 93 Dee. 27 __._-_ 389. 91 Mar 19 394. 69 387. 78 Mar. 25______397. 19 July 2...... 394. 41 Apr. 2 ______396. 43 July9__. ______393. 8fi Jan. 3 ----- 393.00 A nr Q July 16......

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

707. George T. Morrill. NEJ4NEJ4 see. 20, T. 17 S., R. 3 W. Domestic well, driven- 1H inches in diam­ eter and 16.7 feet deep. Measuring point is lower valve seat of pump, 4.7 feet above land surface and 427.24 feet - above mean sea level.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1935 1933 1935 1936 Oct. 15. ______408. 28 413. 96 July 23______410. 92 Oct. 22 ___ 408. 14 Jan. 1(5 __ . __ 411.47 Apr. 23. ______412. 72 July 30-_ __- 410.20 Oct. 31 ______408. 09 Jan. 23 411.97 Apr. 30 . 413. 54 Aug. 6 - 410. 12 Nov. 7 .. 407. 99 Jan. 30 413. 64 Aug. 13___ -_._ _ 409.60 Nov. 14 __ . 407. 88 Feb. 6----. .. 412. 32 413. 77 Aug. 20 __.._ 409. 96 Nov. 21______407. 96 Feb. 13. ______413. 59 Aug. 27______409. 69 Dec. 5. ______408. 08 Feb. 21.... - May 28. ______413. 66 Sept. 3- - 409.62 Dec. 12 ..__ 408. 56 Feb. 28______413. 54 June 4 ______413. 16 Sept. !!____ _ 409.46 Dee. 19______408. 03 413.47 Sept. 17 - 409. 70 Dec. 27__-..___ 408. 21 Mar. 12__.__ ._ 414. 39 412. 65 Sept. 24...... 409. 48 Mar. 19______414. 14 June 25______412.39 Oct. !______409.10 1936 Mar. 26_____.__ 413. 60 July2 ______412. 05 Apr. 3 _ July 11_. ______411.25 Jan. 2... _____ 408. 66 413. 87 July 16... - 411.07

2 Leveling by U. S. Engineer Department.

712. Chase Gardens. SWJ4SEJ4 sec. 28, T. 17 S., R. 3 W. Irrigation well, dug 4 feet square and 20 feet deep, in field 750 feet west of greenhouses. Measuring point is top of tee in discharge pipe (second tee above pump), 1.0 foot below land surface and 430 feet above mean sea level (interpolated). Well was inaecessible- for water-level measurements in 1935-36.

Water Water Water Water Date level Date level Date level Date level (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

1928 1929 1929 1930 Julv 21 ... 415.3 Mar. 31____ 417. 50 Nov. 29 _____ 413. 30 Mar. 29_____ 417. 65 Aug. 25 414.4 Alay 9 418.0 417. 30- Apr. 26______416. 70 Oct. 21 ______413.7 416.4 May 28 - 415. 15 Dec. 16. . . 414.4 Julv3____. _ 415.7 1930 July 23-. 414. 77 414. 85 la_.3 Feb. 1_ __.__ 417. 30 Feb. 2 _ ... 416. 95 419. 40 INDEX

Page Page Abstract.. ___-______1-2 French Prairie, water supply of-..___-... 49-51 Acknowledgments for aicL____-_-______5 Furrow, M. E., section of well of------143 Agricultural Research Corporation, section of well of 138 Geologic maps of the Willamette Valley _. pis. 1-2 Albany, climate at . ______.__ 14,16-18 (in pocket) ground water near__ -______-__ 44,47,48 Geology and hydrology of the area -19-41, Alexander, A. L., section of well of_-_____ 134 pis. 1-2,4-9 Alluvium in the area.---____ 27-32, pis. 1-2,4-7 Gervais, city of, section of well of------139 Analyses of water from representative wells- - _ 60-63 Gooding, William, section of well of-__ 137 Ground water, chemical character of .__ 27.56-64 Beebe, Mrs., section of well of.______135 dependability of supply of______40-41 Bethel School well, section of______._ 143 fluctuations of level of______34-39,144-192 Bibliography______5-8 for irrigation, suitability of_---.- - - 59,64 Bingenheimer well, section of______-_ 143 in relation to rainfall and streams- 39-40, pis. 1-2 Brownsville, ground water near- ______47 previous reports on - 3,65 Oanby, section of well of ____-_____ 135 Harrisburg, ground water near. 46 Canby fan, water supply of __.______45 Cascade formation, occurrence and water­ Illahe formation, occurrence and water-bearing bearing properties of______. 23,24 properties of _-_ _ - __ 23 Cascade Range, features of. ______9 Independence, alluvium at -______48 Central lowland, subdivisions of, in relation to ground water near,______.._. 48 ground water __ 41-54, pis. 1-2, 7,10 Index map of Oregon showing areas covered by Chemical character of the ground water in the ground-water reports ___ __ 3 area. -____- __-_-_-____ 56-64 Investigation, purpcsa and scope of ___ 4-5 Climate of the area-__ ___-______12-19 Irrigation, water suitable for.______59,64 Coburg, ground water near______46 Junction City, ground water near. ______46 Collier Glacier, view of--______pi. 4 wat T supply of ___ -_ - _ - 46 Columbia River, alluvial plain of, water sup­ Junction City well, section of______143 ply of--______._____ 45-46 Conser well, section of ______142 Keasey shale, occurrence and water-bearing Consolidated and semiconsolidated rocks, properties of------__ _ 22 general character of-___- 19-20, pis. 1-2 structure of _.._-_-_---...--__---- 20-23 Ladd well, section of- ____-______. 132 water-bearing properties of__ _------24-27 Lebanon alluvial fan, water supply of-- 45 Corvallis, climate at___ __. ______14-18 Libby, McNeill & Libby well, section of. . 133- ground water near --_------48 Lloyd Corporation, Inc., section of well of_.. 131 Corvallis Creamery Co. well, section of_-__ 131 Cottage Farm, Oregon State Hospital, section Main valley plain, Brownsville-Albany seg­ of well of------_- 142 ment- --___ .______--_ 47 Canby fan segment _.____. _._ 45 Dayton Prairie, water supply of _ _.... 51-53 Coburg-Harrisburg segment--_._._ 46 Eastern-Western Lumber Co., section of well Corvallis segment____ _-_--.-- .--. 48 of_. .--__-_----.------___------. 140 Dayton Prairie segment.______. 51 53 Elmira, ground water near . _------46-47 Elmira segment 46-47 Eugene, climate at_____------__ 14,16-18 Eugene-Junction City segment ._ .. 46 ground water near- ___-_ __--._------46 French Prairie segment 49-51 Eugene formation, occurrence and water­ Lebanon fan segment __... 45 bearing properties of------__ 22,26 minor segments near Albany ------48 Monmouth-Independence segment------48 Field work in the area __ --- _ _ 4-5 Spring'-eld delta segment_ 43-44 Fishel, V. C., analyses by-.__------__-_ 31 Stayton-Mill Creek tasin _--.- 48^9 Fisher formation, occurrence and water­ Tualatin Valley segment- - _ - 53 bearing properties of------22, 26 Mark, J. C., section of well of------.-- 137 Flowing wells, occurrence of- ___ _ 55-56, pi. 1 Masonic and Eastern Star Home well, section Foster, M. D., analyses by __....___ 60-63 of - -. ------130 Frank, Aaron, well 2, section of_ _-_.._. 133 Materials penetrated by typical wells 130-143 193 194 INDEX

Page Mattoon, J. C., section of well of ______135 Stayton, ground water near_...... ____ 48 Mill Creek basin, ground water...______48 Stayton lavas, occurrence and water-bearing Molalla pediment, features of ______33-34 properties of__-_--_.__-_-___-.__ 23, 24 water supply of ______53-54 Stayton-Mill Creek basin, water supply of_.__ 48-491 Monmouth, ground water near.______48 Stratigraphic sections of the rocks in the area.. 22-23, 130-143 Northwestern Ice & Cold Storage Co., section Structure in the area_ __-_-___-_____-.-.._ 20-21 of well of ______133 Stryker, A. W., section of well of-_-__-__-____ 141 Surface features of the area-..--.____ 8-12, pis. 1, 2 Oregon Coast Range, features of ______8-9 Oregon Linen Mills, Inc., section of well of____ 141 Temperature in the area______.____.___ 14 Oregon State Hospital, well 3, section of___.__ 142 Terminal Ice & Cold Storage Co. well, section Oregon State Hospital-, Cottage Farm, section of______---___,-_-___-__.__-_-____ 13f of well of____.______142 Terrace deposit in the area. ______32-34, pis. 1-2,8 Oregon State Penitentiary, section of well of.. 142 Topography of the area______8-12, pis. 1,2 Oregon State Training School, section of well Troutdale formation, occurrence and water­ of--_-_---_-.____-_-_-____-_.--___ 139 bearing properties of__...... 23, 24 Pittsburg Bluff sandstone, occurrence and Tualatin Valley, water supply of ______53 water-bearing properties of______22,26 Pleasantdale School, section of well of__._____ 136 TJnconsolidated deposits, general character of.. 27- Portland, climate at-______-______13-18 34, pis. 1-2,4-8 Portland "delta," features of______34 water in__._-__-_---__.___.. 34-41, pis. 1-2, 9 water supply of ______54 United States Resettlement Administration, Precipitation on the area__-__\_-___.______13-19 Yamhill Farms, unit 6, section of Public Works Engineering Corporation, sec­ well of___.____.-____-______..__. 137 tion of well of _.___-.._____.____ 140,141 unit 16, section of well of______.____. 136 Purpose and scope of the investigation.______4-5 unit 19, section of well of______..__ 136 unit 24, section of well of______138 Rainfall. See Precipitation. unit 68, section of well of______136 Rhododendron formation, occurrence and unit 85, section ofwellof._.___..______132 water-bearing properties of ______23,24 Roberts, H. A., section of well of______134 Water. See Ground water. Rockwood Water District well, section of___._ 134 Water-bearing materials, physical properties of...... --- _- __. 31 Salem, climate at_____.______14-18 Water table, form and fluctuations of...._._- 34-39, ground water near---__---_---___-______' 44 pis. 1-2,9 Salty to brackish water in consolidated s,edi- Wells, flowing,..___-_-_-_-_____-_.-_-.______- 55-56 mentary rocks ______27,64 materials penetrated by__----_----___-- 130-143 Scappoose Dike District well, section of__---_' 130 records of______-_____.._____ 66-129 Sedimentary rocks equivalent to Tyee and water level in------.-.---.-...------.. 144-192 Burpee formations, occurrence and Williams, F. L. section of well of______._ 134 water-bearing properties of_ _._ 22,26-27 Willamette River, alluvial piain of.__ 10-12,42-53 Snowfall. See Precipitation. Woodburn, city of, section of well of..-.___ 139 Southern Pacific Railroad Co., Woodburn station, section of well of.____._- 139 Yakima basalt, occurrence and water-bearing Springfield delta, water supply of_ __--.. 43-44, pi. 7 properties of.______22,24-26 o